Global Warming? No, Natural, Predictable Change - Forbes Page 1 of 6

Larry Bell, Contributor I write about climate, energy, environmental and space policy issues.

OP/ED | 1/10/2012 @ 4:12PM | 3,332 views Global Warming? No, Natural, Predictable

An extensively peer-reviewed study published last December in the Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial indicates that observed climate changes since 1850 are linked to cyclical, predictable, naturally occurring events in Earth’s solar system with little or no help from us. The research was conducted by Nicola Scafetta, a at and at the Active Cavity Radiometer Solar Irradiance Monitor Lab (ACRIM), which is associated with the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory in California. It takes issue with methodologies applied by the U.N.’s Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change (IPCC) using “general circulation climate models” (GCMs) that, by ignoring these important influences, are found to fail to reproduce the observed decadal and multi-decadal climatic cycles.

As noted in the paper, the IPCC models also fail to incorporate climate modulating effects of solar changes such as cloud-forming influences of cosmic rays throughout periods of reduced sunspot activity. More clouds tend to make conditions cooler, while fewer often cause warming. At least 50-70% of observed 20th century warming might be associated with increased solar activity witnessed since the “Maunder Minimum” of the last 17th century.

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Dr. Scafetta’s study applies an astronomically-based model that reconstructs and correlates known warming and cooling phases with decadal and multi- decadal cycles associated with influences of planetary motions, most particularly those of and . This “astronomical harmonics model” was used to address various cycles lasting 9.1, 10-10.5, 20-21, and 60- 62 year-long periods. The 9.1-year cycle was shown to be likely related to decadal solar/lunar tidal oscillations, while those of ten years and longer duration relate to planetary movements about the that may have solar influences that modulate electromagnetic properties of Earth’s upper atmosphere which can regulate the cloud system.

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Scafetta’s findings contradict IPCC claims that all warming observed from 1970 to 2000 has been man-made (“anthropogenically-induced”) based upon models that exclude natural quasi 20-year and 60-year climate cycle contributions. These cycles have been clearly detected in all global surface temperature records of both hemispheres since 1850, and are also evident in numerous astronomical records. The 60-year cycle is particularly easy to observe in significant surface temperature maxima that occurred in 1880-

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1881, 1940-1941, and 2000-2001. These momentarily warmer periods coincided with times when orbital positions of Jupiter and Saturn were relatively close to the Sun and Earth.

A 60-year modulation cycle also corresponds with warming/cooling induced in the ocean surface which appears to correlate with the frequency of major Atlantic hurricanes, and is seen in the since 1700 as well as in numerous ocean and terrestrial records dating back centuries. Further evidence of a 60-year cycle is referenced in ancient Sanskrit texts among observed monsoon rainfall cycles. Scafetta believes that a natural 60-year climate cycle associated with astronomical cycles may also explain calendars adopted in traditional Chinese, Tamil and Tibetan civilizations, since all major ancient civilizations knew about 20-year and 60-year Jupiter and Saturn cycles. Indeed, Scafetta pointed out to me that in the Hindu tradition, the 60-year cycle is known as the cycle of Brihaspati, the name of Jupiter, and that every 60 years special ceremonies are celebrated by some populations, such as the Sigui ceremony among the Dogon people of Africa.

Proper reconstructions of natural 20-year and 60-year cycles, along with other independent studies, indicate that the IPCC has seriously overestimated human climate contributions. For example, according to all GCM simulations, increased CO2 concentrations should have produced an increased tropical warming trend with altitude, which is contrary to what balloon and satellites observations actually show.

GCM interpretations also allege that volcano activity may have contributed an offsetting 0.1-0.2 degrees of cooling influence between from 1970 to 2000. However, that conclusion appears to significantly overestimate the volcano signal because the models predicted deep and large cooling spikes associated with eruptions which are observed to be much smaller in global surface temperature records. Accordingly, this too suggests that the 1970-2000 warming effect attributed to anthropogenic influences should be reduced. Moreover, some of the observed 0.5 degrees of warming recorded by surface stations during the 1970-2000 period which IPCC models associated with human greenhouse gases emissions, may be explained by improperly corrected urban “heat island” effects and other land use change influences.

Finally, three major available global surface temperature record sources report a steady-to-cooling trend since 2001. These measurements contradict

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the strong warming predicted by all IPCC models during the same period that are attributed primarily to a continuing increase in CO2 emissions. Indeed, only one global surface record source shows a slight increase in the temperature since 2001. This occurred because missing temperature data needed to be adjusted or filled in to complete the records…which appears to be the case with NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies model data resulting from poor sampling during the last decade for Antarctic and Arctic regions and the use of a 1200 km smoothing methodology.

The Duke University/NASA JPL study estimates that as much as 0.3 degrees of warming from 1970 to 2000 may have been naturally induced by the 60- year modulation during the warming phase, amounting to at least 43-60% of the 0.5-0.7 degrees allegedly caused by human greenhouse emissions. Additional natural warming can be explained by increased solar activity during the last four centuries, as well as simply being part of a natural and persistent warming recovery since the end of the Little Ice Age of AD 1300- 1900.

Nicola Scaletta concludes that the scientific method requires that a physical model fulfill two conditions…it must be able to reconstruct as well as predict (or forecast) direct physical observations. Here, he argues that all climate models used by the IPCC can do neither. “They seriously fail to properly reconstruct even the large multi-decadal oscillations found in the global surface temperature which have climatic meaning. Consequently, the IPCC projections for the 21st century cannot be trusted.” In fact, he argues that “By not properly reconstructing the 20-year and 60-year natural cycles we found that the IPCC GCMs have seriously overestimated also the magnitude of the anthropogenic contribution to recent warming.”

Unlike the current IPCC models, the astronomical harmonics model can have real climate forecasting value. By combining current trend information with natural cycle patterns Scafetta believes that the global temperature “may not significantly increase during the next 30 years mostly because of the negative phase of the 60-year cycle.” He goes on to say: “If multi-secular natural cycles (which according to some authors have significantly contributed to the observed 1700-2010 warming and may contribute to an additional natural cooling by 2100) are ignored, the same projected anthropogenic emissions would imply a global warming by about 0.3-1.2 degrees C by 2100, contrary to the IPCC 1.0-3.6 degree C projected warming.”

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Scafetta projects that the global climate may remain approximately steady until 2030-2040 (as was observed from the 1940s to the 1970s) because the 60-year cycle entered into its current cooling phase around 2000-2003. The climate may further cool if additional natural long and short-term cycles also enter into cooling phases. In fact the present warm period may well be at the top of a natural millennial cycle as previously occurred during Roman and Medieval times.

When I asked Nicola how confident he is about his prognosis, he responded: “Of course there is a need to wait and see, and as I say in the paper, additional cycles may be needed for a better forecast. After all, ocean tides are currently predicted with 30-40 astronomical harmonic constituents, while in the proposed model I used only four harmonics. However, in the paper I did show that once the proposed model was calibrated from 1850 to 1950, it has been able to reproduce the decadal and multi-decadal modulation of the temperature observed from 1950 to 2011, and vice versa. Since 2000 the model has well captured the steady-to- cooling trend shown in temperature data, while all IPCC GCMs have failed the prognosis by predicting steady warming.”

So, as the old expression goes…time will tell. And assuming that his model prediction will prove to be correct, let’s enjoy basking in warmth while it lasts.

This article is available online at: http://www.forbes.com/sites/larrybell/2012/01/10/global-warming-no-natural- predictable-climate-change/

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James Delingpole is a writer, journalist and broadcaster who is right Celebrities Religion about everything. He is the author of numerous fantastically entertaining books including 365 Ways to Drive a Liberal Crazy, Welcome To Defence Royal family Obamaland: I've Seen Your Future And It Doesn't Work, How To Be Education Society Right, and the Coward series of WWII adventure novels. His website is Environment Sport www.jamesdelingpole.com. Health and lifestyle US politics Sun Causes Climate Change Shock Pictures World Politics

By James Delingpole Environment Last updated: August 27th, 2011 Share: 1878 Comments Comment on this article Recommend Confirm

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Why I'm getting my PhD ARCHIVES from the 'University' of Manitoba Select Month August 29th, 2011 19:44 280 Comments NEWS BLOGGERS After Libya: where should Andrew M Brown Katharine Birbalsingh Cameron strike next? August 28th, 2011 11:24 Andrew Gilligan Mary Riddell 628 Comments Benedict Brogan Melissa Kite Sun Causes Climate Brendan O'Neill Melissa Whitworth Change Shock Con Coughlin Michael Weiss August 27th, 2011 12:45 1878 Comments Cristina Odone Neil O'Brien Damian Thompson Nile Gardiner An open letter from my old mate David Cameron Daniel Hannan Norman Tebbit to the people of Britain Daniel Knowles Peter Foster August 24th, 2011 10:59 1382 Comments David Hughes Pete Wedderburn Ed West Praveen Swami Geoffrey Lean Richard Preston Iain Hollingshead Richard Spencer James Delingpole Robert Colvile

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James Kirkup Tim Stanley Cartoon by Josh Janet Daley Toby Harnden If Michael Crichton had lived to write a follow-up to State of Fear, the John McTernan Toby Young plotline might well have gone like this: at a top secret, state of the art laboratory in Switzerland, finally discover the true cause of Judith Potts Will Heaven “global warming”. It’s the sun, stupid. More specifically – as the Danish Julian Astle physicist Henrik Svensmark has long postulated – it’s the result of cosmic rays which act as a seed for cloud formation. The scientists NEWS TAGS working on the project are naturally euphoric: this is a major breakthrough which will not only overturn decades of misguided afghanistan animal welfare Barack Obama BBC Boris Johnson china climate change Climategate conjecture on so-called Man Made Global Warming but will spare the global economy trillions of dollars which might otherwise have been coalition Conservatives David squandered on utterly pointless efforts to reduce anthropogenic CO2 emissions. However, these scientists have failed to realise just how Cameron david miliband Ed Balls Ed many people – alarmist scientists, huckster politicians, rent-seeking Miliband eu euro Eurosceptic General Election 2010 landowners like (the late Michael Crichton’s brilliant and, of course, George Osborne George W Bush global warming entirely fictional creation) the absurd, pompous Sir Reginald Leeds Bt, gordon brown Hillary Clinton India Iran Islam Israel Ken Livingstone labour Liberal Democrats Libya green activists, eco-fund managers, EU technocrats, MSM environmental Margaret Thatcher Michael Gove NHS Nick Clegg correspondents – stand to gain from the Man Made “Climate Change” phone hacking Pope Benedict XVI referendum Sarah Palin industry. Their discovery must be suppressed at all costs. So, one by tea party tony blair twitter US politics vince cable William one, the scientists on the cosmic ray project find themselves being Hague bumped off, until only one man remains and must race against time to prove, etc, etc… NEWS TOPICS

Except of course in the real world the second part wouldn’t happen. No David Cameron Climate Change one would need to go to the trouble of bumping off those pesky scientists Liberal Democrats Royal Wedding with their awkward, annoying facts and their proper actual research. Conservative Party Religion That’s because the MSM and the scientific “community” would find it Labour PartyBarack ObamaChina perfectly easy to suppress the story anyway, without recourse to severed

http://blogs.telegraph.co.uk/news/jamesdelingpole/100102296/sun-causes-climate-change-shock/[8/31/2011 9:48:39 AM] Sun Causes Climate Change Shock – Telegraph Blogs

brake cables or ricin-impregnated hand-washes or staged “suicides”. PicturesDefence Afghanistan

This is exactly what has happened with the latest revelations from CERN over its landmark CLOUD experiment, whose significance explains here:

The science is now all-but-settled on global warming, convincing new evidence demonstrates, but Al Gore, the IPCC and other global warming doomsayers won’t be celebrating. The new findings point to cosmic rays and the sun — not human activities — as the dominant controller of climate on Earth.

The research, published with little fanfare this week in the prestigious journal Nature, comes from über-prestigious CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research, one of the world’s largest centres for scientific research involving 60 countries and 8,000 scientists at more than 600 universities and national laboratories. CERN is the organization that invented the World Wide Web, that built the multi-billion dollar Large Hadron Collider, and that has now built a pristinely clean stainless steel chamber that precisely recreated the Earth’s atmosphere.

In this chamber, 63 CERN scientists from 17 European and American institutes have done what global warming doomsayers said could never be done — demonstrate that cosmic rays promote the formation of molecules that in Earth’s atmosphere can grow and seed clouds, the cloudier and thus cooler it will be. Because the sun’s magnetic field controls how many cosmic rays reach Earth’s atmosphere (the stronger the sun’s magnetic field, the more it shields Earth from incoming cosmic rays from space), the sun determines the temperature on Earth.

So if it’s so great, why aren’t we hearing more about it? Well, possibly because the Director General of CERN Rolf-Dieter Heuer would prefer it that way. Here’s how he poured cold water on the results in an interview with Die Welt Online:

I have asked the colleagues to present the results clearly, but not to interpret them. That would go immediately into the highly political arena of the climate change debate. One has to make clear that cosmic radiation is only one of many parameters.

Nigel Calder, who has been following the CLOUD experiment for some time, was the first to smell a rat. He notes:

CERN has joined a long line of lesser institutions obliged to remain politically correct about the man-made global warming hypothesis. It’s OK to enter “the highly political arena of the climate change debate” provided your results endorse man-made warming, but not if they support Svensmark’s heresy that the Sun alters the climate by influencing the cosmic ray influx and cloud formation.

and

The once illustrious CERN laboratory ceases to be a truly scientific institute when its Director General forbids its physicists and visiting experimenters to draw the obvious scientific conclusions from their results

http://blogs.telegraph.co.uk/news/jamesdelingpole/100102296/sun-causes-climate-change-shock/[8/31/2011 9:48:39 AM] Sun Causes Climate Change Shock – Telegraph Blogs

Lubos Motl, too, detects some double standards here:

One could perhaps understand if all scientists were similarly gagged and prevented from interpreting the results of their research in ways that could be relevant for policymaking. However, the main problem is that many people who are trying to work on very different phenomena in the climate are not prevented from interpreting – and indeed, overinterpreting and misinterpreting – their results that are often less serious, less reliable, and less rigorous, perhaps by orders of magnitude, than the observations by the European Organization for Nuclear Research.

Moreover, this sentence by Heuer

One has to make clear that cosmic radiation is only one of many parameters.is really a proof of his prejudice. Whether the cosmic radiation is just one player or the only relevant player or an important player or an unimportant player is something that this very research has been supposed to determine or help to determine. An official doesn’t have the moral right to predetermine in advance what “one has to make clear” about these a priori unknown scientific results.

But then, as Lawrence Solomon reminds us, this was never an experiment the scientific establishment wanted to happen in the first place.

The hypothesis that cosmic rays and the sun hold the key to the global warming debate has been Enemy No. 1 to the global warming establishment ever since it was first proposed by two scientists from the Danish Space Research Institute, at a 1996 scientific conference in the U.K. Within one day, the chairman of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Bert Bolin, denounced the theory, saying, “I find the move from this pair scientifically extremely naive and irresponsible.” He then set about discrediting the theory, any journalist that gave the theory cre dence, and most of all the Danes presenting the theory — they soon found themselves vilified, marginalized and starved of funding, despite their impeccable scientific credentials.

The mobilization to rally the press against the Danes worked brilliantly, with one notable exception. Nigel Calder, a former editor of The New Scientist who attended that 1996 conference, would not be cowed. Himself a physicist, Mr. Calder became convinced of the merits of the argument and a year later, following a lecture he gave at a CERN conference, so too did Jasper Kirkby, a CERN scientist in attendance. Mr. Kirkby then convinced the CERN bureaucracy of the theory’s importance and developed a plan to create a cloud chamber — he called it CLOUD, for “Cosmics Leaving OUtdoor Droplets.”

But Mr. Kirkby made the same tactical error that the Danes had — not realizing how politicized the global warming issue was, he candidly shared his views with the scientific community.

“The theory will probably be able to account for somewhere between a half and the whole of the increase in the Earth’s temperature that we have seen in the last century,” Mr.

http://blogs.telegraph.co.uk/news/jamesdelingpole/100102296/sun-causes-climate-change-shock/[8/31/2011 9:48:39 AM] Sun Causes Climate Change Shock – Telegraph Blogs

Kirkby told the scientific press in 1998, explaining that global warming may be part of a natural cycle in the Earth’s temperature.

The global warming establishment sprang into action, pressured the Western governments that control CERN, and almost immediately succeeded in suspending CLOUD. It took Mr. Kirkby almost a decade of negotiation with his superiors, and who knows how many compromises and unspoken commitments, to convince the CERN bureaucracy to allow the project to proceed. And years more to create the cloud chamber and convincingly validate the Danes’ groundbreaking theory.

Still, as you’d expect, the BBC remains dutifully on-message. Read this report by its science correspondent Pallab Ghosh and you’ll be left in little doubt that a) the latest results are dull beyond measure and b) that if they do mean anything at all, it’s that global warming is still very much man-made. Here’s their tame expert, Reading University’s Dr Mike Lockwood, on hand to provide them the perfect pull-quote:

Does this mean that cosmic rays can produce cloud? – No”

PS Welcome to all you American readers brought here by Drudge. Please come again. And if you want to read more about how the environmental movement got so powerful, how the junk scientists got away with it for so long, and why so many people fell for the biggest most expensive scam in history, you might enjoy my new book on the subject – Watermelons: the Green Movement’s True Colors. (Also available on Kindle)

Tags: CERN, CLOUD, global warming, Michael Crichton, Nigel Calder, Svensmark

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snarflerator Recommended by 14 minutes ago 1 person

Report I believe two things. Recommend 1. This paper is provocative and deserves further investigation.

2. It does NOT disprove that human-related activity is compounding the problem.

The director of CERN acted appropriately by instructing the paper's authors NOT to interpret their results, but rather to report them as accurately and clearly as possible. Otherwise they engage in a political firestorm.

Then the media picked it up and immediately drew the conclusion that cosmic radiation is the SOLE perpetrator in GW; a conclusion stated NOT ONCE in the Nature paper.

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This copy is for your personal, non-commercial use only. To order presentation-ready copies for distribution to colleagues, clients or customers, use the Reprints tool at the top of any article or visit: www.reutersreprints.com. Asia pollution blamed for halt in warming: study Mon, Jul 4 2011 By Gerard Wynn LONDON (Reuters) - Smoke belching from Asia's rapidly growing economies is largely responsible for a halt in global warming in the decade after 1998 because of sulphur's cooling effect, even though emissions soared, a U.S. study said on Monday. The paper raised the prospect of more rapid, pent-up climate change when emerging economies eventually crack down on pollution. World temperatures did not rise from 1998 to 2008, while manmade emissions of carbon dioxide from burning grew by nearly a third, various data show. The researchers from Boston and Harvard Universities and Finland's University of Turku said pollution, and specifically sulphur emissions, from coal-fueled growth in Asia was responsible for the cooling effect. Sulphur allows water drops or aerosols to form, creating hazy clouds which reflect sunlight back into space. "Anthropogenic activities that warm and cool the planet largely cancel after 1998, which allows natural variables to play a more significant role," the paper said. Natural cooling effects included a declining after 2002, meaning the sun's output fell. The study said that the halt in warming had fueled doubts about anthropogenic climate change, where scientists say manmade are heating the Earth. "It has been unclear why global surface temperatures did not rise between 1998 and 2008," said the study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States. A peak in temperatures in 1998 coincided with a strong El Nino weather event, a natural shift which brings warm waters to the surface of the Pacific Ocean every few years. Subsequent years have still included nine of the top 10 hottest years on record, while the U.N. World Meteorological Organization said 2010 was tied for the record. A U.N. panel of climate scientists said in 2007 that it was 90 percent certain that humankind was causing global warming. COAL Sulphur aerosols may remain in the atmosphere for several years, meaning their cooling effect will gradually abate once smokestack industries clean up. The study echoed a similar explanation for reduced warming between the 1940s and 1970s, blamed on sulphur emissions before Western economies cleaned up largely to combat acid rain. "The post 1970 period of warming, which constitutes a significant portion of the increase in global surface temperature since the mid 20th century, is driven by efforts to reduce air pollution," it said. Sulphur emissions are linked to coal consumption which in China grew more than 100 percent in the decade to 2008, or nearly three times the rate of the previous 10 years, according to data from the energy firm BP. Other climate scientists broadly supported Monday's study, stressing that over longer time periods rising greenhouse gas emissions would over-ride cooling factors. "Long term warming will continue unless emissions are reduced," said Peter Stott, head of climate monitoring at Britain's Met Office.

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OPINION EUROPE FEBRUARY 10, 2011 The Weather Isn't Getting Weirder The latest research belies the idea that storms are getting more extreme.

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By ANNE JOLIS Last week a severe storm froze Dallas under a sheet of ice, just in time to disrupt the plans of the tens of thousands of (American) football fans descending on the city for the Super Bowl. On the other side of the globe, Cyclone Yasi slammed northeastern Australia, destroying homes and crops and displacing hundreds of thousands of people.

Some climate alarmists would have us believe that these storms are yet another baleful consequence of man-made CO2 emissions. In addition to the latest weather events, they also point to recent cyclones in Burma, last winter's fatal chills in Nepal and Bangladesh, December's blizzards in Britain, and every other , typhoon and unseasonable heat wave around the world.

But is it true? To answer that question, you Like WSJ's OpinionJournal on Facebook! need to understand whether recent weather trends are extreme by historical standards. Get our articles and insights from our editorial staff free when you follow us on Facebook. The Twentieth Century Reanalysis Project is the latest attempt to find out, using super- computers to generate a dataset of global atmospheric circulation from 1871 to the present.

As it happens, the project's initial findings, published last month, show no evidence of an intensifying weather trend. "In the climate models, the extremes get more extreme as we move into a doubled CO2 world in 100 years," atmospheric scientist Gilbert Compo, one of the researchers on the project, tells me from his office at the University of Colorado, Boulder. "So we were surprised that none of the three major indices of climate variability that we used show a trend of increased circulation going back to 1871."

In other words, researchers have yet to find evidence of more-extreme weather patterns over the period, contrary to what the models predict. "There's no data-driven answer yet to the question of how human activity has affected extreme weather," adds Roger Pielke Jr., another University of Colorado climate researcher.

We do know that carbon dioxide and other gases trap and re-radiate heat. We also know that humans have emitted ever-more of these gases since the Industrial Opinion Video Revolution. What we don't know is exactly how sensitive the climate is to increases in these gases versus other possible factors—

http://online.wsj.com/article_email/SB10001424052748704422204576130300992126630-lMyQjAxMTAxMDEwMjExNDIyWj.html[2/14/2011 12:30:25 PM] The Weather Isn't Getting Weirder - WSJ.com

solar variability, oceanic currents, Pacific

heating and cooling cycles, planets' Opinion Journal: Opinion Journal: Is Egypt Hopeless? gravitational and magnetic oscillations, and Obama Meets the Exit Mubarak? 2:15 Tea Party 7:15 so on. 7:23

Given the unknowns, it's possible that even More in Opinion if we spend trillions of dollars, and forgo trillions more in future economic growth, to Michael Medved: Obama Isn't Trying to 'Weaken America' cut carbon emissions to pre-industrial levels, The End of Fannie Mae the climate will continue to change—as it Matthew Kaminski: Looking Into the Egyptian Crystal Ball always has. Runaway Trains That's not to say we're helpless. There is at Joseph Nye: The Misleading Metaphor of Decline View Full Image least one climate lesson that we can draw Getty Images from the recent weather: Whatever happens, Some climate alarmists claim that cyclones, such as Cyclone Yasi, are a result of man-made CO2 prosperity and preparedness help. North Most Popular emissions. Texas's ice storm wreaked havoc and left Read Emailed Video Commented Searches hundreds of football fans stranded, cold, and angry. But thanks to modern infrastructure, 1. 21st century health care, and stockpiles of magnesium chloride and snow plows, the storm A Cantilevered Glass House caused no reported deaths and Dallas managed to host the big game on Sunday. 2. Apple Develops Less-Expensive iPhones

Compare that outcome to the 55 people who reportedly died of pneumonia, respiratory 3. Budget Forecasts Bigger 2011 Deficit problems and other cold-related illnesses in Bangladesh and Nepal when temperatures dropped to just above freezing last winter. Even rich countries can be caught off guard: 4. Chapter 11 for Borders, New Chapter for Books Witness the thousands stranded when Heathrow skimped on de-icing supplies and let five 5. Ominous Undertone of Stock Rallies inches of snow ground flights for two days before Christmas. Britain's GDP shrank by 0.5% in the fourth quarter of 2010, for which the Office of National Statistics mostly blames "the bad Most Read Articles Feed weather."

Arguably, global warming was a factor in that case. Or at least the idea of global warming was. The London-based Global Warming Policy Foundation charges that British authorities Latest Headlines are so committed to the notion that Britain's future will be warmer that they have failed to plan Budget Forecasts Bigger 2011 Deficit for winter storms that have hit the country three years running. Public-Worker Unions Steel for Cuts A sliver of the billions that British taxpayers spend on trying to control their climes could have U.S.-Pakistan Row Intensifies bought them more of the supplies that helped Dallas recover more quickly. And, with a fraction of that sliver of prosperity, more Bangladeshis and Nepalis could have acquired the Recovery Redefines G-20 Challenge antibiotics and respirators to survive their cold spell. Threat Builds on the Margins

A comparison of cyclones Yasi and Nargis GOP to Block Renewal of Build America Bonds Program tells a similar story: As devastating as Yasi Pipe Imperfection Found After Pa. Blast has been, Australia's infrastructure, Man Held After New York Killing Spree medicine, and emergency protocols meant the Category 5 storm has killed only one New Judge Is Sought By Murder Defendant person so far. Australians are now mulling all the ways they could have better More Headlines protected their property and economy.

But if they feel like counting their blessings, Wonder Land Columnist Daniel Henninger says House they need only look to the similar cyclone budget-cutters are about to collide with the President's budget. that hit the Irrawaddy Delta in 2008. Burma's military regime hadn't allowed for much of an economy before the cyclone, but Nargis destroyed nearly all the Delta had. Afterwards, the junta blocked foreign aid workers from delivering needed water purification and medical supplies. In the end, the government let Nargis kill more than 130,000 people.

Global-warming alarmists insist that economic activity is the problem, when the available evidence show it to be part of the solution. We may not be able to do anything about the

http://online.wsj.com/article_email/SB10001424052748704422204576130300992126630-lMyQjAxMTAxMDEwMjExNDIyWj.html[2/14/2011 12:30:25 PM] The Weather Isn't Getting Weirder - WSJ.com

weather, extreme or otherwise. But we can make sure we have the resources to deal with it when it comes.

Miss Jolis is an editorial page writer for Europe.

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http://online.wsj.com/article_email/SB10001424052748704422204576130300992126630-lMyQjAxMTAxMDEwMjExNDIyWj.html[2/14/2011 12:30:25 PM] The Abiding Faith Of Warm-ongers - Investors.com

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Posted 12/22/2010 07:07 PM ET

Climate: Nothing makes fools of more people than trying to predict the weather. Whether in Los Angeles or London, recent predictions have gone crazily awry. Global warming? How about mini ice age?

The sight of confused and angry travelers stuck in airports across Europe because of an arctic freeze that has settled across the continent isn't funny. Sadly, they've been told for more than a decade now that such a thing was an impossibility — that global warming was inevitable, and couldn't be reversed.

This is a big problem for those who

see human-caused global warming as an irreversible result of the Industrial Most Popular Revolution's reliance on carbon- Most Viewed Highest Rated based fuels. Based on global warming theory — and according to All Articles Media Freezing weather: Just another example of global warming? official weather forecasts made earlier Nasdaq Leads A Rosy Start To New Year View Enlarged Image in the year — this winter should be Many 2010 Top Stories May Be Same In '11 warm and dry. It's anything but. Ice and snow cover vast parts of both Europe and North Can Stocks Extend Win Streak In 2011? America, in one of the coldest Decembers in history. U.S. Stocks Start 2010 With Strong Gains

Mascot Politics A cautionary tale? You bet. Prognosticators who wrote the U.N.'s Intergovernmental Panel on 01/04/2011 09:00:19 AM ET Climate Change, or IPCC, global warming report in 2007 predicted an inevitable, century-long rise in global temperatures of two degrees or more. Only higher temperatures were foreseen. Investing Tip Moderate or even lower temperatures, as we're experiencing now, weren't even listed as a possibility. Learn to spot faulty bases.

http://www.investors.com/NewsAndAnalysis/Article/557597/201012221907/The-Abiding-Faith-Of-Warm-ongers.aspx[1/4/2011 10:11:50 AM] The Abiding Faith Of Warm-ongers - Investors.com

Since at least 1998, however, no significant warming trend has been noticeable.

Unfortunately, none of the 24 models used by the IPCC views that as possible. They are at

odds with reality.

Karl Popper, the late, great philosopher of science, noted that for something to be called scientific, it must be, as he put it, "falsifiable." That is, for something to be scientifically true, you must be able to test it to see if it's false. That's what scientific experimentation and observation do. That's the essence of the scientific method.

Unfortunately, the prophets of climate doom violate this idea. No matter what happens, it always confirms their basic premise that the world is getting hotter. The weather turns cold and wet? It's global warming, they say. Weather turns hot? Global warming. No change? Global warming. More hurricanes? Global warming. No hurricanes? You guessed it.

Nothing can disprove their thesis. Not even the extraordinarily frigid weather now creating havoc across most of the Northern Hemisphere. The Los Angeles Times, in a piece on the Trading Center region's strangely wet and cold weather, paraphrases Jet Propulsion Laboratory climatologist Bill Patzert as saying, "In general, as the globe warms, weather conditions tend to be more extreme and volatile."

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Practice No Risk Trading at optionsXpress Comments Showing 1-5 of 33 Leave a comment « « First | « Previous 1 2 3 4 5 Next » | Last » » Lessons on Buying Stocks Lessons on Selling Stocks Posted By: Loloma(30) on 12/28/2010 | 8:18 PM ET What is CAN SLIM? And you took Phil Jones full statement out of context. He was also pointing out the fallacy of performing How to Invest in Options trends on cherry-picked short time periods and his full statement including the continuation that that is Investing Education Videos why for a long time the convention among climate scientists has been to use rolling 25 year trends.

Posted By: Loloma(30) on 12/28/2010 | 8:16 PM ET PS Carbonicus, if you check out Dr. Spencer's blog on 7/13/2010 - exchange with commenters - you will also see that he acknowledges that it is just plain bad science based on cherry picking data to run a regression analysis using only an outlier year (1998) as the origin to represent a trend since then. It has the effect of lifting the origin of the trend slope artificially upwards unlike any other year before or since.

Posted By: Loloma(30) on 12/28/2010 | 8:12 PM ET Really Carbonicus? Your source is anonymous bloggers cited in the opinions page of the WSJ? I assume you have heard of Dr. Roy Spencer - one of the few climate change skeptics who actually practices

http://www.investors.com/NewsAndAnalysis/Article/557597/201012221907/The-Abiding-Faith-Of-Warm-ongers.aspx[1/4/2011 10:11:50 AM] Bundle Up, It’s Global Warming - NYTimes.com

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Bundle Up, It’s Global Warming Log in to see what your friends Log In With Facebook are sharing on nytimes.com. By JUDAH COHEN Privacy Policy | What’s This? Published: December 25, 2010

RECOMMEND Lexington, Mass. What’s Popular Now TWITTER In Beebe, Ark., Get Ready for a THE earth continues to get warmer, 5,000 Dead G.O.P. Rerun Related in Opinion SIGN IN TO E-MAIL Blackbirds Drop yet it’s feeling a lot colder outside. From the Sky Dot Earth Blog: Putting a Siberian Over the past few weeks, subzero PRINT Snow Connection to the Test (December 28, 2010) temperatures in Poland claimed 66 REPRINTS lives; snow arrived in Seattle well SHARE before the winter solstice, and fell heavily enough in Minneapolis to make the roof of the Metrodome collapse; and last week blizzards closed Europe’s busiest airports in London and Frankfurt for days, stranding holiday travelers. The snow and record cold have invaded the Eastern United States, with more bad weather predicted.

All of this cold was met with perfect comic timing by the release of a World Meteorological Organization report showing that 2010 will probably be among the three warmest years on record, and 2001 through 2010 the warmest decade on record.

How can we reconcile this? The not-so-obvious short answer is that the overall warming of the atmosphere is actually creating cold-weather extremes. Last winter, too, was exceptionally snowy and cold across the Eastern United States and Eurasia, as were Advertise on NYTimes.com seven of the previous nine winters. MOST POPULAR

For a more detailed explanation, we must turn our attention to the snow in Siberia. E-MAILED BLOGGED SEARCHED VIEWED

Annual cycles like El Niño/Southern Oscillation, solar variability and global ocean 1. Sustainable Love: The Happy Marriage Is the ‘Me’ Marriage currents cannot account for recent winter cooling. And though it is well documented that the earth’s frozen areas are in retreat, evidence of thinning Arctic sea ice does not explain 2. 10 Ways to Get the Most Out of Technology why the world’s major cities are having colder winters. 3. The Vanishing Mind: Giving Alzheimer’s Patients Their Way, Even Chocolate But one phenomenon that may be significant is the way in which seasonal snow cover 4. Sustainable Food: Chop, Fry, Boil: Eating for One, or has continued to increase even as other frozen areas are shrinking. In the past two 6 Billion decades, snow cover has expanded across the high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere, 5. For Arkansas Blackbirds, the New Year Never Came especially in Siberia, just north of a series of exceptionally high mountain ranges, including the Himalayas, the Tien Shan and the Altai. 6. Strained States Turning to Laws to Curb Labor Unions

The high topography of Asia influences the atmosphere in profound ways. The jet 7. Paul Krugman: Deep Hole

stream, a river of fast-flowing air five to seven miles above sea level, bends around Asia’s 8. Mocked as Uncool, the Minivan Rises Again mountains in a wavelike pattern, much as water in a stream flows around a rock or 9. Well: The Sustainable-Marriage Quiz boulder. The energy from these atmospheric waves, like the energy from a sound wave,

http://www.nytimes.com/2010/12/26/opinion/26cohen.html?_r=3&ref=opinion[1/4/2011 9:58:24 AM] Bundle Up, It’s Global Warming - NYTimes.com

propagates both horizontally and vertically. 10. Op-Ed Contributor: This Year, Change Your Mind

As global temperatures have warmed and as Arctic sea ice has melted over the past two Go to Complete List » and a half decades, more moisture has become available to fall as snow over the continents. So the snow cover across Siberia in the fall has steadily increased.

The sun’s energy reflects off the bright white snow and escapes back out to space. As a result, the temperature cools. When snow cover is more abundant in Siberia, it creates an unusually large dome of cold air next to the mountains, and this amplifies the standing waves in the atmosphere, just as a bigger rock in a stream increases the size of the waves of water flowing by.

The increased wave energy in the air spreads both horizontally, around the Northern Movies worth another Hemisphere, and vertically, up into the stratosphere and down toward the earth’s look surface. In response, the jet stream, instead of flowing predominantly west to east as ALSO IN MOVIES » usual, meanders more north and south. In winter, this change in flow sends warm air Excerpt: 'The Social Network' north from the subtropical oceans into Alaska and Greenland, but it also pushes cold air Complete coverage of Awards Season south from the Arctic on the east side of the Rockies. Meanwhile, across Eurasia, cold air from Siberia spills south into East Asia and even southwestward into Europe.

That is why the Eastern United States, Northern Europe and East Asia have experienced ADVERTISEMENTS extraordinarily snowy and cold winters since the turn of this century. Most forecasts have failed to predict these colder winters, however, because the primary drivers in their Find your dream home with The New York Times Real Estate models are the oceans, which have been warming even as winters have grown chillier. They have ignored the snow in Siberia. Follow The New York Times on Twitter

Last week, the British government asked its chief science adviser for an explanation. My The new issue of T is here advice to him is to look to the east.

See the news in the making. Watch It’s all a snow job by nature. The reality is, we’re freezing not in spite of climate change TimesCast, a daily news video. but because of it.

Judah Cohen is the director of seasonal forecasting at an atmospheric and environmental research firm.

A version of this op-ed appeared in print on December 26, 2010, on page WK16 of the New York edition.

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http://www.nytimes.com/2010/12/26/opinion/26cohen.html?_r=3&ref=opinion[1/4/2011 9:58:24 AM] Global warming has halted: That's what happened to 'warmest year on record' | Mail Online

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What happened to the Search Advanced 'warmest year on record': Search The truth is global warming has halted By DAVID ROSE Last updated at 4:17 PM on 5th December 2010

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A year ago tomorrow, just before the opening of the UN Copenhagen world climate summit, the British Meteorological Office issued a confident prediction. The mean world temperature for 2010, it announced, 'is expected to be 14.58C, the warmest on record' - a deeply worrying 0.58C above the 19611990 average. World temperatures, it went on, were locked inexorably into an everrising trend: 'Our experimental decadal forecast confirms previous indications that about half the years 2010-2019 will be warmer than the warmest year observed so far - 1998.' Headlines Most Read Met Office officials openly boasted that they hoped by their statements to persuade the Copenhagen gathering to impose new and stringent carbon emission limits - an The incredible 'smart' wallets that ambition that was not to be met. change shape to try and stop you spending money online 'History sniffing': How internet browsers can be hacked so firms know every website you have visited How the size of our brain means we all see the world around us in a different way Incredible salamander enzyme that could one day let humans regrow organs and limbs Pop art: High-speed photography captures the moments when water balloons explode Alarmist Doomsday warning of rising seas 'was wrong', says Met Office study Could scientists be on the verge of inventing a Dr Who-style sonic screwdriver? Lara Croft is back: Tomb Raider heroine to star in Winter's icy grip: Drivers and pedestrians battle through blizzards in new video game prequel Kent last week Three Russian satellites crash into Pacific in failed bid to take on GPS Last week, halfway through yet another giant, 15,000delegate UN climate jamboree, The real Mega Monday: Online shopping boom as being held this time in the tropical splendour of Cancun in Mexico, the Met Office was at consumers spend £1million in a single MINUTE it again. today Never mind that Britain, just as it was last winter and the winter before, was deep in the Facebook unveils new profile page... and

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-1335798/Global-warming-halted-Thats-happened-warmest-year-record.html[12/6/2010 6:47:58 PM] Global warming has halted: That's what happened to 'warmest year on record' | Mail Online

grip of a cold snap, which has seen some temperatures plummet to minus 20C, and it reveals more about you than ever that here 2010 has been the coolest year since 1996. before Facebook cartoon character campaign 'nothing to Globally, it insisted, 2010 was still on course to be the warmest or second warmest year do with the NSPCC', charity says since current records began. Large Hadron Collider recreates more But buried amid the details of those two Met Office statements 12 months apart lies a 'mini Big Bangs' as scientists expect to remarkable climbdown that has huge implications - not just for the Met Office, but for find 'God Particle' much sooner debate over climate change as a whole. Jellyfish taking over: Surge as rising acidity of Read carefully with other official data, they conceal a truth that for some, to paraphrase world's seas kills predators former US VicePresident Al Gore, is really inconvenient: for the past 15 years, global Paralysed inventor to sell robotic warming has stopped. 'trousers' for $100,000 'Weird life': Clue to alien after scientists This isn't meant to be happening. Climate science orthodoxy, as promulgated by bodies discover mysterious bacteria that can live on such as the UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and the University arsenic of East Anglia Climatic Research Unit (CRU), says that temperatures have risen and Britain has coldest year since 1996 (but will continue to rise in step with increasing CO2 in the atmosphere, and make no it will be the hottest year since 1850 for mistake, with the rapid industrialisation of China and India, CO2 levels have kept on the rest of the world) going up. Pheromones do not exist: Scientist's claim that According to the IPCC and its computer models, without enormous emission cuts the 'attraction chemicals' are all in the mind world is set to get between two and six degrees warmer during the 21st Century, with The apple that never goes brown: catastrophic consequences. Biotech firm in bid to sell genetically Ads by Google: Last week at Cancun, in an attempt to influence richer countries to agree to give modified fruit for lunchboxes Sharp Solar £20billion immediately to poorer ones to offset the results of warming, the US-based Why the tendency to have an affair can be blamed Solutions International Food Policy Research Institute warned that global temperatures would be on your genes Lower your energy 6.5 degrees higher by 2100, leading to rocketing food prices and a decline in billsby achieving production. your solar potential. sharp-solar.com The maths isn't complicated. If the planet FEMAIL TODAY Climate Change were going to be six degrees hotter by Help CARE support the century's end, it should be getting 'Angelina Jolie's a those who havebeen warmer by 0.6 degrees each decade; if homewrecker': affected by climate two degrees, then by 0.2 degrees every change. Jennifer Aniston's ten years. Fortunately, it isn't. my.CARE.org/ClimateChan new best friend Chelsea Handler in Statoil Actually, with the exception of 1998 - a Norwegian Oil & Gas 'blip' year when temperatures spiked foul-mouthed rant Companyexpanding because of a strong 'El Nino' effect (the Aniston is silent about on international cyclical warming of the southern Pacific love rival - her friend isn't fields. that affects weather around the world) - www.Statoil.com the data on the Met Office's and CRU's Life's a beach for Bernanke's Secret own websites show that global bikini beauty Joss Plan temperatures have been flat, not for ten, Stone in Hawaii Free Report Reveals She was seen collecting Shocking but for the past 15 years. DebtSolution To End shells and paddling in the They go up a bit, then down a bit, but Financial Crisis! surf UncommonWisdomDaily.co those small rises and falls amount to less than their measuring system's New FlexPen® acknowledged margin of error. 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Kelsey Grammer's WeatherMaps - sit under a tree on a bench in Download But though it was still successfully trying South Weald Park, Brentwood, fiancée flashes her WeatherBlink Free! to influence media headlines during Essex, this week huge diamond ring www.WeatherBlink.com Cancun last week by saying that 2010 The excited couple were Take On Big Oil might yet end up as the warmest year, all smiles as they arrived We Can't Afford to the small print reveals the Met Office climbdown. Last year it predicted that the 2010 in Washington DC Allow Big Oil average would be 14.58C. Last week, this had been reduced to 14.52C. toDecide Our Energy Future. Act Now! That may not sound like much. But when one considers that by the Met Office's own Red is dead! Emma www.LCV.org account, the total rise in world temperatures since the 1850s has been less than 0.8 Stone returns to her blonde roots for new BP Response degrees, it is quite a big deal. Above all, it means the trend stays flat. Learn About BP's Spiderman movie Progress On TheGulf Meanwhile, according to an analysis yesterday by David Whitehouse of the Global She showed off her new Of Mexico Response Warming Policy Foundation, 2010 had only two unusually warm months, March and look at charity benefit in Effort. April, when El Nino was at its peak. LA www.BP.com/GulfOfMexico The data from October to the end of the year suggests that when the final figure is Pictured: Josh computed, 2010 will not be the warmest year at all, but at most the third warmest, Duhamel falls over in behind both 1998 and 2005. New York street

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-1335798/Global-warming-halted-Thats-happened-warmest-year-record.html[12/6/2010 6:47:58 PM] Global warming has halted: That's what happened to 'warmest year on record' | Mail Online

There is no dispute that the world got a little warmer over some of the 20th Century. hours before he was (Between 1940 and the early Seventies, temperatures actually fell.) kicked off flight But little by little, the supposedly settled scientific ' consensus' that the temperature rise He'd enjoyed a night out is unprecedented, that it is set to continue to disastrous levels, and that it is all the fault with wife Fergie of human beings, is starting to fray. It takes a lot of Earlier this year, a paper by Michael Mann - for years a leading light in the IPCC, and work to look this the author of the infamous 'hockey stick graph' showing flat temperatures for 2,000 good! Kim years until the recent dizzying increase - made an extraordinary admission: that, as his Kardashian visits critics had always claimed, there had indeed been a ' medieval warm period' around the shops, nail salon 1000 AD, when the world may well have been hotter than it is now. and hairdresser in marathon pampering Other research is beginning to show that cyclical changes in water vapour - a much day more powerful greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide - may account for much of the 20th It's what she does best Century warming. Even Phil Jones, the CRU director at the centre of last year's 'Climategate' leaked email Oh my, Oprah! Chat scandal, was forced to admit in a littlenoticed BBC online interview that there has been show host gets 'no statistically significant warming' since 1995. White House guests talking with a very One of those leaked emails, dated October 2009, was from Kevin Trenberth, head of low-cut shirt climate analysis at the US government's National Centre for Atmospheric Research and She was one of a the IPCC's lead author on climate change science in its monumental 2002 and 2007 dazzling array of reports. celebrities at DC event He wrote: 'The fact is that we can't account for the lack of warming at the moment, and it is a travesty that we can't.' Feeling a bit tipsy, Colin? After the leak, Trenberth claimed he still believed the world was warming because of Worse-for-wear Firth CO2, and that the 'travesty' was not the 'pause' but science's failure to explain it. struggles to get into his The question now emerging for climate scientists and policymakers alike is very simple. car as he clutches a Just how long does a pause have to be before the thesis that the world is getting hotter bottle of Moët after night because of human activity starts to collapse? out

Print this article Read later Email to a friend Coleen Rooney's mammoth TWO Share this article: Ads by Google: HOUR shopping spree at her Al Gore & Climate Change favourite store New Report Says Global WarmingIs She splashed out at Twitter Digg it Newsvine Delicious "Undeniable." Repower America! Cricket in Liverpool RepowerAmerica.org Nancy Shevell turns Sharp Solar Solutions heads in racy lace MySpace Nowpublic Reddit Fark Lower your energy billsby achieving as Sir Paul your solar potential. McCartney is sharp-solar.com honoured at Washington gala All she has to do is act naturally

Comments (0) Add your comments New pictures show Christina Aguilera's No comments have so far been submitted. Why not be the first to send us your close on-set thoughts, or debate this issue live on our message boards. friendship with new boyfriend Matthew Add your comment Rutler... BEFORE her divorce Photos taken in Febraury Name: How Michelle Town & Williams gained over Country: 14lbs by eating ice Your name and location will appear next to your comment. cream and avocados twice a day She did it for her role in Blue Valentine - and it was her idea!

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http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-1335798/Global-warming-halted-Thats-happened-warmest-year-record.html[12/6/2010 6:47:58 PM] The Uncertainties of Global Warming: Sea Level Could Rise in South, Fall in North - SPIEGEL ONLINE - News - International

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FROM THE MAGAZINE The Uncertainties of Global Warming

Find out how you can reprint this DER SPIEGEL article in Sea Level Could Rise in South, Fall in North your publication. By Gerald Traufetter

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DER SPIEGEL Graphic: Average change in sea level from 1995 until 2005 REUTERS

Climate change is expected to cause sea levels to rise -- at least in some parts of the world. Elsewhere, the level of the ocean will actually fall. Scientists are trying to get a better picture of the complex phenomenon, which also depends on a host of natural factors.

When presented as a globe, the Earth looks as round and smooth as a billiard ball. To anyone standing on a beach, the ocean looks as flat as a pancake.

But perception is deceptive. "In reality, the water in the oceans wobbles all over the place," says oceanographer Detlef Stammer. He isn't talking about waves, but large- scale bulges and bumps in the sea level.

Stammer, who is the director of the Center for Marine and Climate Research at the University of Hamburg, is familiar with the incorrect notions that lay people have, which is why he likes to present them with two numbers to shatter their illusions. "In the Indian Ocean, the sea level is about 100 meters (330 feet) below the average, DER SPIEGEL while the waters around Iceland are 60 meters above the average." Graphic: Projected sea-level rise The incorrect belief that ocean water is evenly distributed lives on in the debate over climate change, says Stammer. The rising sea level is widely viewed as the most threatening consequence of global warming. Images of Bangladeshis wading through floodwaters are a favorite horror scenario used by some environmentalists. "But RELATED SPIEGEL ONLINE LINKS people act as if the water from melting glaciers were distributed as uniformly in the oceans as the water in our bathtubs at home," says Stammer. 'At Least the Weather Will Be Better': Managing Expectations for a Climate Deal in Cancun But the reality is counter-intuitive. According to the most recent estimates, the sea (11/30/2010) level is expected to rise by about 1 meter (3.28 feet) -- on average -- in the next German Geologist on Carbon Sequestration: 100 years. This is the number that will be mentioned again and again during 'CCS Is One of the Few Options to Minimize CO2 negotiations at the United Nations Climate Change Conference in Cancun, Mexico Emissions' (11/16/2010) over the next two weeks. "But this average value doesn't really help coastal 'Science as the Enemy': The Traveling Salesmen of planners," says Stammer. Climate Skepticism (10/08/2010) It is certainly correct that the total amount of liquid in the oceans is increasing. But The Climategate Chronicle: How the Science of Global Warming Was Compromised (05/14/2010) the way water expands in ocean basins differs widely. There will be regions of the world where nothing much will change, while the sea level will rise by well over the SPIEGEL 360: Our Complete Climate Change 1-meter average in others. "The sea level could even fall along some coasts," says Coverage Stammer.

http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/0,1518,732303,00.html[12/3/2010 1:16:15 PM] The Uncertainties of Global Warming: Sea Level Could Rise in South, Fall in North - SPIEGEL ONLINE - News - International

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EUROPEAN PARTNERS Scientists still don't know exactly the degree to which glaciers will melt as a result of rising temperatures. The most important factor in this equation will be the rate at Presseurop which the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets shrink. At the moment, it appears that The dictatorship of transparency? (Editorial) the net amount of melt water is still rising in Greenland. It is currently at 237 cubic kilometers (57 cubic miles) per year. But the volume of ice at the South Pole seems ECB throws out the lifeline (La Vanguardia, Barcelona) to be generally stable. "The ice is melting in western Antarctica, but in the larger eastern part, snow is actually building up," says Stammer.

Politiken The sea level currently rises by about 3 millimeters (0.1 inches) a year on average. A number of factors contribute to this rise, including water from melting glaciers and Corriere della Sera the constant increase in the amount of ground water used in agriculture. It is also partly due to a simple thermal effect: Because water expands as it gets warmer, The “Distorted View” of America’s Ally and Putin’s Friend rising temperatures cause the sea level to rise. All of this will accelerate even further by the end of the century, leading to a total increase of 1 meter, according to the “Parli italiano?” – Italian Language Test for Migrants current consensus among oceanographers.

In reality, the simple message of rising waters is greatly oversimplified. The process behind it is highly complex, and one that will produce winners and losers. Scientists are only gradually beginning to understand the phenomenon and its processes, some GLOBAL PARTNERS of which work in opposing directions. "It's just in the last few years that science has

New York Times taken a more in-depth look at regional prognoses for rising sea levels," Stammer says. Disappointing Job Growth in U.S. as Jobless Rate Hits 9.8% This is partly due to the complexity of the material itself. Average values can be China to Tighten Monetary Policy Next Year computed relatively easily. Regional effects, on the other hand, are partly influenced by winds and currents, with gravity and the laws of thermodynamics also playing an ABC News important role. Making sense of how all of these factors are interrelated requires a relatively solid understanding of the individual processes -- and massive computing Stormy Weather Greets President Obama in Surprise Visit to Afghanistan power to perform the calculations.

Unemployment Rises to 9.8 Percent Surprises for Scientists

For a long time, scientists didn't even have precise data on specific water levels in individual locations around the planet. That changed in late December 1992, when a satellite was placed into service that uses a radar altimeter to measure the sea level, NEWSLETTER to within a few centimeters, anywhere in the oceans. "In the past, we had to travel Sign up for Spiegel around the ocean and painstakingly take measurements," says Stammer. "Today I Online's daily newsletter can go on the Internet and download the satellite data from space onto my and get the best of Der computer." Spiegel's and Spiegel Online's international coverage in your In- Box The flood of data from the orbiting satellite has produced all kinds of surprises for everyday. scientists in recent years. For instance, while seas have risen by about 15 centimeters in the tropical Western Pacific, the ocean near San Francisco has fallen by about the same amount. "On the German coast, on the other hand, the sea level today is a few centimeters higher than it was 15 years ago," says Claus Böning of FACEBOOK the Kiel-based excellence cluster "The Future Ocean."

Such effects are the result of natural fluctuations that unfold over decades. The SPIEGEL International on Facebook currents in the world's oceans are constantly shifting. This applies to the Gulf Like You like this. Unlike · Admin Page · Error Stream, which provides Europe with warm water, just as it does to the Pacific You like this. Unlike · Admin circulation system, which reacts to the moods of El Niño. Page · Error But what role do anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions play in terms of the 32,96032,959 people like SPIEGEL International planet's rising sea levels? Newton's law of gravity provides the scientists with an initial answer.

Virtually Unchanged Mark Michael Shorena Sinead If the Greenland ice sheet, which is 3 kilometers (1.88 miles) thick in some places, were to melt completely, sea levels would rise by 7 meters on average. It would take many centuries before the 3 million cubic kilometers of glaciers ended up in the ocean. But people living near Germany's North Sea coast would hardly even notice, Jeroen Chris Noah Stewart Snehal because the sea level there would remain virtually unchanged. The water would even subside off the coast of Norway. "And, purely theoretically, the sea level would actually fall by several meters off the coast of Greenland," Stammer explains. Live Postings @SPIEGEL_English SPIEGEL ON TWITTER This striking effect is based on the law of gravity, which states that every mass attracts every other mass. Water levels are higher off the coast of Iceland for the DisasterStories 'Obama Is not God': US same reason. Volcanic activity pushes heavy masses of rock out of the Earth's Drone Attack Raises Uncomfortable interior, and those masses attract water like magnets. By contrast, sea levels are Questions for Ger.. http://retwt.me/1PZ6n (via @SPIEGEL_English) lower in the Indian Ocean because, eons ago, a meteorite most probably knocked so 33 minutes ago much rock out of the Earth's crust there that the gravitational force attracting water was reduced. RullemarieIam That's just not right ? US Drone attack raises uncomfortable questions If the Greenland ice sheet shrinks, the island will lose mass and, along with it, for Germany? http://tinyurl.com/35ddl... via @SPIEGEL_English gravitational force. As a result, much less water will accumulate off the island's 2 hours ago shores than today. To a lesser extent, the same effect is present in the oceans of almost the entire northern hemisphere, including the North Sea. New York, to give

http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/0,1518,732303,00.html[12/3/2010 1:16:15 PM] The Uncertainties of Global Warming: Sea Level Could Rise in South, Fall in North - SPIEGEL ONLINE - News - International

npthinking @SPIEGEL_English "... the core customers -- fans in Europe and South another example, would also not get the full amount of the 7-meter sea level rise, America ..." IMO that is a very iffy but only half of it. assumption by FTD! 4 hours ago 1 | 2 Next

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Find out how you can reprint this DER SPIEGEL article in Sea Level Could Rise in South, Fall in North your publication. By Gerald Traufetter

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DER SPIEGEL Graphic: Average change in sea level from 1995 until 2005 REUTERS

Part 2: The Victims of Sea-Level Rise

North of a line that passes from Newfoundland through the Atlantic and the North Sea, the sea level would fall. In return, the nations bordering the entire Indian Ocean and the Pacific, as well as the countries of South America and Africa, would be the true victims of a global rise in sea levels.

In those regions, the oceans would not just rise by the average of 7 meters, but by as much as 8 or even 10 meters. "Of course, this is only a theoretical model," says Stammer, the oceanographer. Conversely, if the Antarctic lost ice mass, the effects would be felt more strongly by coastal residents in the northern hemisphere. To a certain extent, the two effects in the far north and the far south could offset each other. If the Arctic and the Antarctic thawed at the same rate, the region in the middle would be the most severely affected.

Scientists at Princeton University recently published a model-based calculation of DER SPIEGEL rising sea levels in the journal Climate Change. The model also includes effects that Graphic: Projected sea-level rise result from geophysical force, namely the effect that the Earth's rotation has on sea levels. "In this way, we are incrementally approaching the true distribution of the rise in sea levels," says Stammer, who will be one of the authors of the next global climate report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), to be RELATED SPIEGEL ONLINE LINKS released in 2014. The report "will contain, for the first time, a separate chapter on this issue," says the scientist. 'At Least the Weather Will Be Better': Managing Expectations for a Climate Deal in Cancun As if all of this weren't complicated enough, sea levels are also affected by winds and (11/30/2010) currents, which are themselves changing as a result of anthropogenic climate change. Claus Böning, the Kiel-based oceanographer, sees this as the real challenge German Geologist on Carbon Sequestration: for members of his profession. 'CCS Is One of the Few Options to Minimize CO2 Emissions' (11/16/2010) In Serious Trouble 'Science as the Enemy': The Traveling Salesmen of Climate Skepticism (10/08/2010) For the atolls in the tropical Pacific, which are barely a meter above sea level, everything depends on the future development of the El Niño phenomenon, says The Climategate Chronicle: How the Science of Global Warming Was Compromised (05/14/2010) Böning. Polynesia, for example, had to cope with a sea-level rise of up to 15 centimeters in only four years, from 1996 to 2000. "This exceeds the rise caused by SPIEGEL 360: Our Complete Climate Change global warming by almost a factor of 10," says Böning. If El Niño gets stronger, the Coverage Pacific islands could be in serious trouble.

http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/0,1518,732303-2,00.html[12/3/2010 1:17:10 PM] The Uncertainties of Global Warming: Sea Level Could Rise in South, Fall in North - SPIEGEL ONLINE - News - International

The critical phenomenon for Western Europe, on the other hand, is the Gulf Stream, which is part of the massive trans-Atlantic circulation system. Like a pump, it pushes EUROPEAN PARTNERS masses of water northward, where they sink into the depths of the northern ocean.

Presseurop "This is why the sea level is a meter lower in the northern part of the Gulf Stream than in the south," says Böning. The dictatorship of transparency? (Editorial) But this gradient shifts when the Gulf Stream changes its position, which it does as ECB throws out the lifeline (La Vanguardia, Barcelona) part of a completely natural cycle. This explains why the sea level in the Labrador Sea off the eastern coast of rose by 8 centimeters between 1993 and 1998. Then the rising trend stopped and was reversed. "We have paid little attention so far Politiken to this up-and-down, because it was only fluctuating within a manageable range," says Böning. Corriere della Sera But the scientist fears that this delicate balance could tip during a warmer future on The “Distorted View” of America’s Ally and Putin’s Friend greenhouse Earth. In addition, the computer models predict that the Gulf Stream will weaken by about 25 percent. Böning warns that this could cause the sea level to rise “Parli italiano?” – Italian Language Test for Migrants by about 20 centimeters in the North Sea.

'Fraught with Uncertainty'

Europeans also need to keep an eye on the possibility of a significant shift in the GLOBAL PARTNERS prevailing wind directions. "For us, this could mean low-pressure troughs over the North Atlantic," says Böning. New York Times But this is precisely where the precision of the climate predictions reaches its limits. Disappointing Job Growth in U.S. as Jobless Rate Hits 9.8% "Of course," as Böning openly admits, "they are fraught with uncertainty, which also applies to our models for the rise in sea levels." China to Tighten Monetary Policy Next Year The oceanographer is well aware that this message is not very satisfactory for ABC News politicians who are expected to make decisions in Cancun. That's why he emphasizes Stormy Weather Greets President Obama in Surprise the principle of foresight. "We should prepare ourselves for unpleasant surprises," Visit to Afghanistan says Böning. Unemployment Rises to 9.8 Percent Despite the many unanswered questions, there is one thing scientists know for certain: The land along the German Bight is sinking by a millimeter a year. That effectively means a 1-millimeter increase in sea level along the coast every year.

NEWSLETTER This phenomenon is also attributable to climate change, but in this case humans are not at fault. Because the massive weight of the Ice Age glaciers is no longer pushing Sign up for Spiegel down on Scandinavia, the land there is rising. Farther south -- just like on the Online's daily newsletter and get the best of Der opposite end of a child's seesaw -- the land is sinking. Spiegel's and Spiegel Online's international Translated from the German by Christopher Sultan coverage in your In- Box everyday. Back 1 | 2

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http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/0,1518,732303-2,00.html[12/3/2010 1:17:10 PM] On Global Warming, Scientists and TV Weathercasters Are at Odds - NYTimes.com

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Among Weathercasters, Doubt on Warming By LESLIE KAUFMAN Published: March 29, 2010

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Such skepticism appears to be widespread among TV forecasters, about half of whom have a degree in meteorology. A study released on Monday by researchers at George Mason University and the University of Texas at Austin found that only about half of the 571 television weathercasters surveyed believed that global warming was occurring and fewer than a third believed that climate change was “caused mostly by human activities.”

More than a quarter of the weathercasters in the survey agreed with the statement “Global warming is a scam,” the researchers found.

The split between climate scientists and meteorologists is gaining attention in political 31 steps to a financial and academic circles because polls show that public skepticism about global warming is tuneup increasing, and weather forecasters — especially those on television — dominate ALSO IN BUSINESS » Take a few hours and unlock some cash communications channels to the public. A study released this year by researchers at Yale Savings calculator: the big difference 1% can make

http://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/30/science/earth/30warming.html?src=me&ref=general[3/30/2010 4:48:55 PM] On Global Warming, Scientists and TV Weathercasters Are at Odds - NYTimes.com

and George Mason found that 56 percent of Americans trusted weathercasters to tell them about global warming far more than they trusted other news media or public figures like former Vice President Al Gore or Sarah Palin, the former vice-presidential candidate. ADVERTISEMENTS

The George Mason-Texas survey found that about half of the weathercasters said they The new issue of T is here had discussed global warming on their broadcasts during chats with anchors, and nearly

90 percent said they had talked about climate change at live appearances at Kiwanis Vote for the collectible car of the year Club-type events. Fan us on Facebook Several well-known forecasters — including John Coleman in San Diego and Anthony

Watts, a retired Chico, Calif., weatherman who now has a popular blog — have been See the news in the making. Watch vociferous in their critiques of global warming. TimesCast, a daily news video.

The dissent has been heightened by recent challenges to climate science, including the discovery of errors in the 2007 report by the United Nations’ Intergovernmental Panel Ads by Google what's this? on Climate Change and the unauthorized release of e-mail messages from a British Check Weather climate research center last fall that skeptics say show that climate scientists had tried to Get The Weather With Google- Just A Click Away. Search On. www.Google.com/Weather suppress data. Al Gore Website “In a sense the question is who owns the atmosphere: the people who predict it every Join Millions of Americans and Fight Climate Change. Sign Up Now! day or the people who predict it for the next 50 years?” said Bob Henson, a science RepowerAmerica.org writer for the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research, who trained as a Environmental Studies meteorologist and has followed the divide between the two groups. 100% online degree in environmental studies. Accredited. Flexible. www.APUS.edu/Environmental Mr. Henson added, “And the level of tension has really spiked in recent months.”

The reasons behind the divergence in views are complex. The American Meteorological Society, which confers its coveted seal of approval on qualified weather forecasters, has affirmed the conclusion of the United Nations’ climate panel that warming is occurring and that human activities are very likely the cause. In a statement sent to Congress in 2009, the meteorological society warned that the buildup of heat-trapping gases like carbon dioxide in the atmosphere would lead to “major negative consequences.” RELATED ADS What are Related Ads?

Yet, climate scientists use very different scientific methods from the meteorologists. » Global Warming Heidi Cullen, a climatologist who straddled the two worlds when she worked at the » Science Weather Channel, noted that meteorologists used models that were intensely sensitive to » Weather Forecaster

small changes in the atmosphere but had little accuracy more than seven days out. Dr. » Career Meteorologist

Cullen said meteorologists are often dubious about the work of climate scientists, who » Extreme Weather use complex models to estimate the effects of climate trends decades in the future.

But the cynicism, said Dr. Cullen, who now works for Climate Central, a nonprofit group that works to bring the science of climate change to the public, is in her opinion unwarranted.

“They are not trying to predict the weather for 2050, just generally say that it will be hotter,” Dr. Cullen said of climatologists. “And just like I can predict August will be warmer than January, I can predict that.”

Three years ago, Dr. Cullen found herself in a dispute with meteorologists after she posted a note on the Weather Channel’s Web site suggesting that meteorologists should perhaps not receive certification from the meteorological society if they “can’t speak to the fundamental science of climate change.”

Resentment may also play a role in the divide. Climatologists are almost always affiliated with universities or research institutions where a doctoral degree is required. Most meteorologists, however, can get jobs as weather forecasters with a college degree.

“There is a little bit of elitist-versus-populist tensions,” Mr. Henson said. “There are

http://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/30/science/earth/30warming.html?src=me&ref=general[3/30/2010 4:48:55 PM] On Global Warming, Scientists and TV Weathercasters Are at Odds - NYTimes.com

meteorologists who feel, ‘Just because I have a bachelor’s degree doesn’t mean I don’t know what’s going on.’ ”

Whatever the reasons, meteorologists are far more likely to question the underlying science of climate change. A study published in the January 2009 newsletter of the American Geophysical Union, the professional association of earth scientists, found that while nearly 90 percent of some 3,000 climatologists who responded agreed that there was evidence of human-driven climate change, 80 percent of all earth scientists and 64 percent of meteorologists agreed with the statement. Only economic geologists who specialized in industrial uses of materials like oil and coal were more skeptical.

Seeing danger in the divide between climate scientists and meteorologists, a variety of groups concerned with educating the public on climate change — including the National Environmental Education Foundation, a federally financed nonprofit, and Yale — are working to close the gap with research and educational forums. In 2008, Yale began holding seminars with weathercasters who are unsure about the climate issue and scientists who are leading experts in the field. The Columbia Journalism Review explored the reasons for the split in an article this year.

Conversely, the , a free-market research organization skeptical about the causes and severity of climate change, is also making efforts to reach out. At its annual conference to be held in May in Chicago, the institute tried without success to put on a special session for the weather predictors.

“What we’ve recognized is that the everyday person doesn’t come across climatologists, but they do come across meteorologists,” said Melanie Fitzpatrick, a climate scientist for the Union of Concerned Scientists. “Meteorologists do need to understand more about climate because the public confuses this so much. That is why you see efforts in this turning up.”

A version of this article appeared in print on March 30, 2010, on page A1 of the New York edition.

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http://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/30/science/earth/30warming.html?src=me&ref=general[3/30/2010 4:48:55 PM] As Climate Change debate wages on, scientists turn to Hollywood for help / The Christian Science Monitor - CSMonitor.com

As Climate Change debate wages on, scientists turn to Hollywood for help

Politicians and the public question global climate change evidence, so scientists look to Hollywood and websites for a new voice. Lights, camera, science!

The importance of getting the word out on global climate change and other important findings has science organizations scrambling to explore new channels, such as Hollywood. (Newscom) By Gregory M. Lamb Staff writer posted March 15, 2010 at 5:31 pm EDT

Keeping the public looped in on what scientists are discovering has never been easy. For one thing, the traditional explainers – journalists – can distort, hype, or oversimplify the latest breakthroughs. But the need to communicate science broadly and clearly has never been more urgent.

Understanding science helps people know “where the truth speakers are on an issue” such as climate change, says Robert Semper, the executive associate director of the Exploratorium, a hands-on science center in San Francisco.

“The more educated and knowledgeable the public is about science ... the more responsible they can be when it comes time for voting or expressing opinions about public policy,” adds Leslie Fink, a public affairs specialist at the National Science Foundation in Washington.

The importance of getting the word out has science organizations scrambling to explore new channels, from souped up websites to asking Hollywood for help.

The current climate-change furor has become the poster child for what happens when there’s a communications gap between scientists and the public. The vast majority of scientists see compelling evidence that the world’s climate is about to change significantly, and that the change is largely driven by human activity. Yet polls show public opinion becoming more skeptical about climate change. http://www.csmonitor.com/layout/set/print/content/view/print/286046[3/16/2010 3:17:02 PM] As Climate Change debate wages on, scientists turn to Hollywood for help / The Christian Science Monitor - CSMonitor.com

Contributing to that swing have been efforts by skeptics to point out flaws in specific portions of the landmark 2007 report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and question whether other findings might have been manipulated. An usually snowy winter in parts of the United States has also brought scorn from critics, who ask, “Where is the global warming?” (Data tell another story: Worldwide, last January was one of the warmest on record, and the decade 2000-2009 was the hottest on record, according to the World Meteorological Organization.)

The result has been a “corrosion” of public confidence in climate science, says Ralph Cicerone, president of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS). That “damage,” he says, “has spilled over into other fields of science.”

At the same time, traditional news media outlets have been cutting back on science writers. In 2008, CNN dismantled its entire science reporting staff. While few newsroom cuts have targeted science coverage so directly, countless examples of thinning ranks – including ABC News announcing in February that it will shed about 25 percent of its news division – have displaced many specialist reporters.

“Professional journalism has been cut to the bone. And the first people to go are science journalists,” says Bora Zivkovic, who writes the science blog “A Blog Around the Clock” from Chapel Hill, N.C., and serves as online community manager for PLoS One, a peer-reviewed science journal. With fewer authorities in the media, “scientists have to take that over,” he says. Mr. Zivkovic spoke as part of a panel on how to better communicate science at the annual convention of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in San Diego last month.

One effort, announced at the meeting, will recruit Hollywood to help scientists tell their stories. NAS and the University of Southern California will team up to draw on USC’s expertise in film, TV, websites, and video games. The partnership will be the first between a federal agency and a film school.

“Entertainment media has been pretty much untapped as far as science literacy goes,” Dr. Fink says. A huge portion of the public doesn’t go to science museums or watch science programming on TV, she says. “Those are the eyeballs we’re trying to capture.”

Feature films such as “Apollo 13” and “Contact” show that movies can be both box-office successes and inspire careers in science, says Elizabeth Daley, dean of USC’s School of Cinematic Arts, whose graduates are used to winning Oscars, not Nobel Prizes. She hopes the program will provide screenwriters, producers, and directors with knowledgeable science sources to advise them.

The short cartoon within the 1993 film “Jurassic Park” that showed how one might clone dinosaurs provides a terrific example of what could be produced, Dr. Daley says. “It’s a very clear, simple

explanation of DNA that people can understand.”

As news outlets scale back science coverage, the Exploratorium’s Dr. Semper says that “nonprofits are actually becoming the intermediary between science and the public more than in the past.”

Semper’s center has reached out directly to scientists to help them tell their stories online. For example, the Exploratorium’s online feature “Ice Stories” was the result of giving polar scientists cameras and blogs to report back on what they learned in the field. Young scientists in particular are “very excited about talking about their work to the public,” he says.

Some might look for today’s Carl Sagan, the scientist who popularized through books and TV shows decades ago. Dr. Sagan had a way of engaging people by explaining the wonder of space – a very positive message, Semper says.

Today’s climate story is often framed as a sober warning, not as an exciting adventure. Some of that is by necessity. “It’s important for the public to know that scientists are coming across this evidence [of climate change] – it’s real evidence – that there may be some disagreements among the details but that doesn’t negate the entire picture,” Semper says. But the effort to better understanding earth’s climate is also exciting, a message that has been lost, he says. “The scientific questions are absolutely fascinating.”

Universities have stepped up their communication efforts as well. At the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, Mass., the paper-and-ink campus newspaper is long gone. But in September, the MIT News Office unveiled a new website aimed not just at the college community but at readers around the world, says Nathaniel Nickerson, editorial director of the news office. Five full-time science writers don’t try to “hype” the work of MIT scientists, he says. Instead, as journalists would do, they seek sources outside MIT to critique the research. The new website is attracting 350,000 to 400,000 unique visitors per month, Mr. Nickerson says, more than expected and

http://www.csmonitor.com/layout/set/print/content/view/print/286046[3/16/2010 3:17:02 PM] As Climate Change debate wages on, scientists turn to Hollywood for help / The Christian Science Monitor - CSMonitor.com

accomplished “without any marketing whatsoever.”

Even the US government has joined in with a new site called climate.gov, aimed at being a reliable source of data and facts on climate change.

“It’s clear that there’s been an insufficient job of communicating climate information to the public,” says Jane Lubchenco, the administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, which runs the website. “I think much more needs to be done to communicate to policymakers and citizens everywhere how important this issue is, what’s at stake, and what the opportunities are for addressing climate change.”

Scientists must learn that in the online era, sharing with the public is now a two-way conversation, not a one-way broadcast, blogger Zivkovic says. “Talking ‘one to many’ is now seen as talking down,” he says. Scientists today also need to know how to produce compelling videos and still images that explain their work. “We don’t need one Sagan,” Zivkovic says. “We need several hundred of them, each in a different place.”

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warming nursery rhyme adverts Princess Diana book claims her driver 81 was framed Two nursery rhyme adverts commissioned by the Government to raise awareness of Icebergs carved by the forces of nature climate change have been banned for overstating the risks. 341

Controversial sex domain name By Matthew Moore Share | 361 decision delayed Published: 9:25AM GMT 14 Mar 2010 56 diggs World's shortest man has died, aged Comments 89 | Comment on this article 601 21 142 retweet The Advertising Standards Britons Sentenced to a Month in Prison 377 for Kissing in Dubai Authority (ASA) ruled that the Email | Print adverts – which were based on the Google Street View: Survey Raises 325 children's poems Jack and Jill and Text Size Privacy Concerns Rub-A-Dub-Dub – made exaggerated claims about the threat to Britain from

global warming. Climate Change Global Warming In definitely asserting that climate change would cause flooding and Environment drought the adverts went beyond

mainstream scientific consensus, the Earth News watchdog said. Earth

It noted that UK News Related Articles predictions about the Swimmers take dip in potential 'global warming' pool Ads by Google global impact In definitely asserting that climate change Blackpool pier inspires of global would cause flooding and drought the Climate Change bespoke newpapers warming adverts went beyond mainstream scientific Model Raise a glass to the made by the consensus, the watchdog said. Global Warming science of beer Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Pictures "involved uncertainties" that the adverts failed to EARTH MOST VIEWED Buzz Aldrin calls for Environment Issues reflect. TODAY PAST WEEK PAST MONTH manned flight to Mars Planet Earth to overcome global The two posters created on behalf of the Greenhouse Effects 1. Government rebuked over global problems Department of Energy and Climate Change warming nursery rhyme adverts juxtaposed adapted extracts from the nursery The 'Global Warming 2. Starling snatched mid-air by eagle in rhymes with prose warnings about the dangers of Three' are on thin ice spectacular photo global warning. 3. Britain 'turns brown' as cold winter kills One began: “Jack and Jill went up the hill to fetch a pail of water. There was off spring growth none as extreme weather due to climate change had caused a drought.” Beneath was written: “Extreme weather conditions such as flooding, heat 4. UN climate change claims on waves and storms will become more frequent and intense.” rainforests were wrong, study suggests

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/environment/climatechange/7440664/Government-rebuked-over-global-warming-nursery-rhyme-adverts.html[3/16/2010 10:47:57 AM] Government rebuked over global warming nursery rhyme adverts - Telegraph

The second advert read: "Rub a dub dub, three men in a tub — a necessary 5. British shoots will have to rely on course of action due to flash flooding caused by climate change.” It was pheasants reared in France captioned: “Climate change is happening. Temperature and sea levels are rising. Extreme weather events such as storms, floods and heat waves will SPONSORED FEATURES become more frequent and intense. If we carry on at this rate, life in 25 years Stunning savings on Dell laptops could be very different.” Treat yourself to one of Dell's popular laptops. Prices start from £349. Upholding complaints from members of the public, the ASA said that in both Available for one week only. instances the text accompanying the rhymes should have been couched in Land Rover Freelander 2 softer language. Experience the fun of all-terrain driving with the What Car? Best Compact 4x4 The newspaper adverts were part of a controversial media campaign for the two years since launch. launched by the DECC last year which attracted a total of 939 complaints.

The watchdog found that the other elements of the campaign, including a television and cinema advert in which a father read his daughter a nightmarish bedtime story about a world blighted by climate change, did not breach its guidelines.

Ed Miliband, the Environment Secretary, said that that his department had been "comprehensively vindicated" by the ASA but promised to better reflect scientific uncertainty about global warming in future campaigns.

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COMMENTS: 89 Telegraph Energy Switching Save money on household bills by comparing tariffs and services quickly Here's verse for the DECC to use: Robert Jones and securely. on March 16, 2010 The IPCC is a bore. at 02:11 PM Compare and buy all music tickets Its science has rot at its core. Report this comment Michael Buble tickets, Lady GaGa They're kaput. They are through. tickets, V Festival tickets , The Who Cause whatever they do, tickets, Noel Gallagher tickets No one will believe, anymore.

How appropriate and predictable...the government using nursery rhymes to tell fairy Robert tales. So, Paul, time is proving the skeptics wrong? How so? Even your beloved IPCC on March 16, 2010 has admitted that temps haven't risen in 15 years, and sea levels are barely at 02:02 PM milimeters apart from where they were when this whole sad story began in the 70s. A Report this comment

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/environment/climatechange/7440664/Government-rebuked-over-global-warming-nursery-rhyme-adverts.html[3/16/2010 10:47:57 AM] Gore Attaches Global Warming as Cause to Last Weekend's Storm in Northeast

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Northeast Former vice president points toward weather events as evidence of climate change during 'strategy conference call' for supporters.

By Jeff Poor Business & Media Institute 3/16/2010 6:22:24 AM

If there’s a drought – it’s global warming. When there’s a hurricane – it’s global warming. If there are heavy snows or even blizzards – it’s somehow global warming. And amazingly, the latest round of rainy and windy weather in the Northeast, well that’s consistent with this phenomenon as well, so says former Vice President Al Gore.

Gore, the self-anointed climate change alarmist-in-chief, told supporters on a March 15 conference call that severe weather in certain regions of the country could be attributed to carbon in the atmosphere – including the recent rash of rainy weather.

“[T]he odds have shifted toward much larger downpours,” Gore said. “And we have seen that happen in the Northeast, we’ve seen it happen in the Northwest – in both of those regions are among those that scientists have predicted for a long time would begin to experience much larger downpours.”

But Gore had a specific example in mind. He explained this recent soaking in the Northeastern United States was “consistent” with what global warming alarmists were projecting.

“Just look at what has been happening for the last three days,” Gore said. “The so-called skeptics haven’t noted it because it’s not snow. But the downpours and heavy winds are consistent with what the scientists have long warned about.”

So what did Gore suggest? He proposed to solve these weather events he tied to climate change by revamping the American economy to being powered by “clean ” and phasing out the reliance of foreign oil.

http://www.businessandmedia.org/articles/2010/20100316061540.aspx[3/16/2010 10:27:43 AM] Gore Attaches Global Warming as Cause to Last Weekend's Storm in Northeast

“And we now face the opportunity to start doing something about this,” Gore said. “Rather than continuing to spend billions of dollars on foreign oil, we can make a transition to clean energy and pass that money here at home on clean renewable energy sources, creating millions of new jobs, building new industries – making us more secure.”

One solution of weaning the United States the reliance on foreign oil would be to open up parcels to offshore drilling of the U.S. continental shelf, a policy Gore has opposed. However, he did underscore the national security a need of fossil fuels presented the country.

“We can address the security threat that I mentioned,” Gore said. “And incidentally, a large number of top ranking generals and admirals have warned that fossil fuels and our nation’s fragile electricity grid pose significant security threats to the United States.”

Gore’s remarks are consistent with the media view of the issue. Journalists have repeatedly preferred the alarmist view on the climate over any opposition even when the weather is inconveniently different than predicted.

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http://www.businessandmedia.org/articles/2010/20100316061540.aspx[3/16/2010 10:27:43 AM] Washington Times - Climate scientists to fight back at skeptics Page 1 of 4

Originally published 05:00 a.m., March 5, 2010, updated 12:08 p.m., March 5, 2010

Climate scientists to fight back at skeptics

Stephen Dinan

Undaunted by a rash of scandals over the science underpinning climate change, top climate researchers are plotting to respond with what one scientist involved said needs to be ʺan outlandishly aggressively partisan approachʺ to gut the credibility of skeptics.

In private e‐mails obtained by The Washington Times, climate scientists at the National Academy of Sciences say they are tired of ʺbeing treated like political pawnsʺ and need to fight back in kind. Their strategy includes forming a nonprofit group to organize researchers and use their donations to challenge critics by running a back‐page ad in the New York Times.

ʺMost of our colleagues donʹt seem to grasp that weʹre not in a gentlepersonsʹ debate, weʹre in a street fight against well‐funded, merciless enemies who play by entirely different rules,ʺ Paul R. Ehrlich, a Stanford University researcher, said in one of the e‐mails.

Some scientists question the tactic and say they should focus instead on perfecting their science, but the researchers who are organizing the effort say the political battle is eroding confidence in their work.

ʺThis was an outpouring of angry frustration on the part of normally very staid scientists who said, ʹGod, canʹt we have a civil dialogue here and discuss the truth without spinning everything,ʹʺ said Stephen H. Schneider, a Stanford professor and senior fellow at the Woods Institute for the Environment who was part of the e‐mail discussion but wants the scientists to take a slightly different approach.

The scientists have been under siege since late last year when e‐mails leaked from a British climate research institute seemed to show top researchers talking about skewing data to push predetermined outcomes. Meanwhile, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the

http://washingtontimes.com/news/2010/mar/05/scientists-plot-to-hit-back-at-critics//print/ 3/5/2010 Washington Times - Climate scientists to fight back at skeptics Page 2 of 4

authoritative body on the matter, has suffered defections of members after it had to retract claims that Himalayan glaciers will melt over the next 25 years.

Last month, President Obama announced that he would create a U.S. agency to arbitrate research on climate change.

Sen. James M. Inhofe, Oklahoma Republican and a chief skeptic of global‐warming claims, is considering asking the Justice Department to investigate whether climate scientists who receive taxpayer‐funded grants falsified data. He lists 17 people he said have been key players in the controversy.

That news has enraged scientists. Mr. Schneider said Mr. Inhofe is showing ʺMcCarthyesqueʺ behavior in the mold of the Cold War‐era senator who was accused of stifling political debate through accusations of communism.

In a phone interview, Mr. Schneider, who is one of the key players Mr. Inhofe cites, said he disagrees with trying to engage in an ad battle. He said the scientists will never be able to compete with energy companies.

ʺTheyʹre not going to win short‐term battles playing the game against big‐monied interests because they canʹt beat them,ʺ he said.

He said the ʺsocial contractʺ between scientists and policymakers is broken and must be reforged, and he urged colleagues to try to recruit members of Congress to take up their case. He also said the press and nongovernmental organizations must be prodded.

ʺWhat I am trying to do is head off something that will be truly ugly,ʺ he said. ʺI donʹt want to see a repeat of McCarthyesque behavior and Iʹm already personally very dismayed by the horrible state of this topic, in which the political debate has almost no resemblance to the scientific debate.ʺ

Not all climate scientists agree with forcing a political fight.

ʺSounds like this group wants to step up the warfare, continue to circle the wagons, continue to appeal to their own authority, etc.,ʺ said Judith A. Curry, a climate scientist at the Georgia Institute of Technology. ʺSurprising, since these strategies havenʹt worked well for them at all so far.ʺ

http://washingtontimes.com/news/2010/mar/05/scientists-plot-to-hit-back-at-critics//print/ 3/5/2010 Washington Times - Climate scientists to fight back at skeptics Page 3 of 4

She said scientists should downplay their catastrophic predictions, which she said are premature, and instead shore up and defend their research. She said scientists and institutions that have been pushing for policy changes ʺneed to push the disconnect button for now,ʺ because it will be difficult to take action until public confidence in the science is restored.

ʺHinging all of these policies on global climate change with its substantial element of uncertainty is unnecessary and is bad politics, not to mention having created a toxic environment for climate research,ʺ she said.

Ms. Curry also said that more engagement between scientists and the public would help ‐ something that the NAS researchers also proposed.

Paul G. Falkowski, a professor at Rutgers University who started the effort, said in the e‐mails that he is seeking a $1,000 donation from as many as 50 scientists to pay for an ad to run in the New York Times. He said in one e‐mail that commitments were already arriving.

The e‐mail discussion began late last week and continued into this week.

Mr. Falkowski didnʹt respond to an e‐mail seeking comment, and an effort to reach Mr. Ehrlich was unsuccessful.

But one of those scientists forwarded The Timesʹ request to the National Academy of Sciences, whose e‐mail system the scientists used as their forum to plan their effort.

An NAS spokesman sought to make clear that the organization itself is not involved in the effort.

ʺThese scientists are elected members of the National Academy of Sciences, but the discussants themselves realized their efforts would require private support since the National Academy of Sciences never considered placing such an ad or creating a nonprofit group concerning these issues,ʺ said William Kearney, chief spokesman for NAS.

The e‐mails emerged months after another set of e‐mails from a leading British climate research group seemed to show scientists shading data to try to bolster their claims, and are likely to feed the impression among skeptics that researchers are pursuing political goals as much as they are disseminating science.

George Woodwell, founder of the Woods Hole Research Center, said in one e‐mail that researchers have been ceding too much ground. He blasted Pennsylvania State University for http://washingtontimes.com/news/2010/mar/05/scientists-plot-to-hit-back-at-critics//print/ 3/5/2010 Washington Times - Climate scientists to fight back at skeptics Page 4 of 4

pursuing an academic investigation against professor Michael E. Mann, who wrote many of the e‐mails leaked from the British climate research facility.

An initial investigation cleared Mr. Mann of falsifying data but referred one charge, that he ʺdeviated from accepted practices within the academic community,ʺ to a committee for a more complete review.

In his e‐mail, Mr. Woodwell acknowledged that he is advocating taking ʺan outlandishly aggressively partisan approachʺ but said scientists have had their ʺclassical reasonablenessʺ turned against them.

ʺWe are dealing with an opposition that is not going to yield to facts or appeals from people who hold themselves in high regard and think their assertions and data are obvious truths,ʺ he wrote.

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Gore still hot on his doomsday rhetoric -- or pick a columnist-- By Jeff Jacoby Globe Columnist / March 3, 2010

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THE CASE for global-warming alarmism is melting faster than those mythical ADVERTISEMENT disappearing Himalayan glaciers, but Al Gore isn’t backing down.

In a long op-ed piece for The New York

Discuss Times the other day, Gore cranked up the COMMENTS (306) doomsday rhetoric. Human beings, he warned, “face an unimaginable calamity requiring large-scale, preventive measures to protect human civilization as we know it.’’ His 1,900-word essay made no mention of his financial interest in promoting such measures - Gore has invested heavily in carbon-offset markets, electric vehicles, and other ventures that would profit handsomely from legislation curbing the use of fossil fuels, and is reportedly poised to become the world’s first “carbon billionaire.’’ However, he did mention “global-warming pollution’’ no fewer than four times, declaring that “our grandchildren would one day look back on us as a INSIDE BOSTON.COM criminal generation’’ if we don’t move decisively to reduce it. OSCAR FASHION By “global-warming pollution,’’ Gore means carbon dioxide (CO2), which is a “pollutant’’ in roughly the way oxygen and water are pollutants: Human existence would be impossible without them. CO2 is essential to photosynthesis, the process that sustains plant life and generates the oxygen that human beings and animals inhale. Far from polluting the world, carbon dioxide enriches it. Higher levels of CO2 are associated with larger crop yields, Whose look excelled and increased forest growth, and longer growing seasons - in short, with a greener who fell flat on the red carpet? planet. ACADEMY AWARDS Of course carbon dioxide also contributes to the that keeps HIGHLIGHTS the earth warm. But the vast majority of atmospheric CO2 occurs naturally, and it is far from clear that the carbon dioxide contributed by human industry has a significant impact on the world’s climate.

On the other hand, it is quite clear that the economic and agricultural activity responsible for that anthropogenic CO2 has been enormously beneficial to A night of speeches, stars, myriads of men, women, and children. In just the last two decades, life and of course, Oscar expectancy in developing nations has climbed appreciably and infant mortality statues

has fallen. Hundreds of millions of Indian and Chinese citizens have been OSCAR RED CARPET lifted out of poverty. Whatever else might be said about carbon dioxide, it has PHOTOS helped make possible a dramatic increase in the quality of many human lives.

But there is no awareness of such tradeoffs in Gore’s latest screed. He brushes aside as unimportant the recently exposed blunders in the 2007 assessment

http://www.boston.com/bostonglobe/editorial_opinion/oped/articles/2010/03/03/gore_still_hot_on_his_doomsday_rhetoric/[3/8/2010 10:36:52 PM] Gore still hot on his doomsday rhetoric - The Boston Globe

report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. These include

claims that Himalayan glaciers could disappear by 2035, that global warming Stars graced the red could slash African crop yields by 50 percent, and that 55 percent of the carpet for the 82d Academy Awards Netherlands - more than twice the correct amount - is below sea level.

BILL BRETT'S PARTY SCENE Gore seems equally untroubled by Climategate, the scandal involving researchers at the University of East Anglia’s Climatic Research Unit, who apparently schemed to manipulate temperature data, to prevent their critics from being published in peer-reviewed journals, and to destroy records and calculations to keep climate skeptics from double-checking them.

Homes for Our Troops 4th Both the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s errors and the Annual Gala, and more Climatic Research Unit scandal have triggered major investigations, and parties opinion polls show a falloff in the percentage of the public that believes either PLUS... global warming is cause for serious concern or that scientists see eye to eye on Blogs | Crossword | Comics the issue. Yet Gore insists, against all evidence, that “the overwhelming | Horoscopes | Games | consensus on global warming remains unchanged.’’ Lottery | Caption contest | Today in history To climate alarmists like Gore, everything proves their point. For years they argued that global warming would mean a decline in snow cover and shorter ski seasons. “Children just aren’t going to know what snow is,’’ one climate MOST E-MAILED scientist lamented to reporters in 2000. The IPCC itself was clear that climate change was resulting in more rain and less snow. 1. Gore still hot on his doomsday rhetoric 2. Cat missing for nearly a year reunited with Lexington owners Undaunted, Gore now claims that the blizzards that have walloped the Northeast in recent weeks are also proof of global warming. “Climate change 3. Nursing home drug use puts many at risk causes more frequent and severe snowstorms,’’ he posted on his blog last 4. The Natural World photo gallery Feb. 28, 2009

month. 5. MIT's levered wheelchair extends freedom to Third World

Gore is a True Believer; his climate hyperbole is less a matter of science than 6. Va. health bill could foil Obama proposal of faith. In almost messianic terms, he urges Congress to sharply restrain 7. Couple's baby dies while they raise virtual child Americans’ access to energy. “What is at stake,’’ he writes, “is our ability to use the rule of law as an instrument of human redemption.’’ RECOMMENDED SEARCHES Elderly drivers BPA risk But while Gore prays for redemption, the pews in the Church of Climate Tiger Woods Obituaries Catastrophe are gradually emptying. The public’s skeptical common sense, it Horoscope Crossword puzzle

turns out, is pretty robust. Just like those Himalayan glaciers. ABOUT THIS LIST

Jeff Jacoby can be reached at [email protected].

© Copyright 2010 Globe Newspaper Company.

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http://www.boston.com/bostonglobe/editorial_opinion/oped/articles/2010/03/03/gore_still_hot_on_his_doomsday_rhetoric/[3/8/2010 10:36:52 PM] Op-Ed Contributor - We Can’t Wish Away Climate Change - NYTimes.com

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OP-ED CONTRIBUTOR Next Article in Opinion (27 of 30) » We Can’t Wish Away Climate Change

By AL GORE Published: February 27, 2010 SIGN IN TO RECOMMEND It would be an enormous relief if the recent attacks on the science of global warming actually indicated that we do not face an TWITTER unimaginable calamity requiring large-scale, preventive measures to SIGN IN TO E- MAIL protect human civilization as we know it. PRINT

Enlarge This Image SINGLE PAGE

SHARE Of course, we would still need to deal with the national security risks of our growing dependence on a global oil market dominated by dwindling reserves in the most unstable region of the world, and the economic risks of sending hundreds of billions of dollars a year overseas in return for that oil. MOST POPULAR And we would still trail China in the race to develop smart E-MAILED BLOGGED SEARCHED grids, fast trains, solar power, wind, geothermal and other 1. Depression’s Upside renewable sources of energy — the most important sources 2. Opinionator: The Joy of X Open, N.Y. of new jobs in the 21st century. 3. Toxic Waters: Rulings Restrict Clean Water Act, Foiling E.P.A. Related But what a burden would be lifted! We would no longer 4. Opinionator: Mind Games 5. Math of Publishing Meets the E-Book Times Topics: Global Warming | Al have to worry that our grandchildren would one day look Gore back on us as a criminal generation that had selfishly and 6. David Brooks: The Hard and the Soft blithely ignored clear warnings that their fate was in our 7. Human Culture, an Evolutionary Force hands. We could instead celebrate the naysayers who had doggedly persisted in proving 8. Nicholas D. Kristof: Learning From the Sin of Sodom 9. Changing Face in Poland: Skinhead Puts on Skullcap that every major National Academy of Sciences report on climate change had simply 10. Paul Krugman: Financial Reform Endgame made a huge mistake. Go to Complete List » I, for one, genuinely wish that the were an illusion. But unfortunately, the reality of the danger we are courting has not been changed by the discovery of at least two mistakes in the thousands of pages of careful scientific work over the last 22 years by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. In fact, the crisis is still growing because we are continuing to dump 90 million tons of global-warming pollution every 24 hours into the atmosphere — as if it were an open sewer.

It is true that the climate panel published a flawed overestimate of the melting rate of debris-covered glaciers in the Himalayas, and used information about the Netherlands provided to it by the government, which was later found to be partly inaccurate. In addition, e-mail messages stolen from the University of East Anglia in Britain showed that scientists besieged by an onslaught of hostile, make-work demands from climate skeptics may not have adequately followed the requirements of the British freedom of information law.

http://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/28/opinion/28gore.html[3/2/2010 9:49:49 AM] Op-Ed Contributor - We Can’t Wish Away Climate Change - NYTimes.com

But the scientific enterprise will never be completely free of mistakes. What is important is that the overwhelming consensus on global warming remains unchanged. It is also worth noting that the panel’s scientists — acting in good faith on the best information then available to them — probably underestimated the range of sea-level rise in this century, the speed with which the Arctic ice cap is disappearing and the speed with which some of the large glacial flows in Antarctica and Greenland are melting and racing to the sea.

Because these and other effects of global warming are distributed globally, they are difficult to identify and interpret in any particular location. For example, January was seen as unusually cold in much of the United States. Yet from a global perspective, it was the second-hottest January since surface temperatures were first measured 130 years ago.

Similarly, even though climate deniers have speciously argued for several years that there has been no warming in the last decade, scientists confirmed last month that the last 10 years were the hottest decade since modern records have been kept.

The heavy snowfalls this month have been used as fodder for ridicule by those who argue that global warming is a myth, yet scientists have long pointed out that warmer global temperatures have been increasing the rate of evaporation from the oceans, putting significantly more moisture into the atmosphere — thus causing heavier downfalls of both rain and snow in particular regions, including the Northeastern United States. Just as it’s important not to miss the forest for the trees, neither should we miss the climate for the snowstorm.

Here is what scientists have found is happening to our climate: man-made global- warming pollution traps heat from the sun and increases atmospheric temperatures. These pollutants — especially carbon dioxide — have been increasing rapidly with the growth in the burning of coal, oil, natural gas and forests, and temperatures have increased over the same period. Almost all of the ice-covered regions of the Earth are melting — and seas are rising. Hurricanes are predicted to grow stronger and more destructive, though their number is expected to decrease. are getting longer and deeper in many mid-continent regions, even as the severity of flooding increases. The seasonal predictability of rainfall and temperatures is being disrupted, posing serious threats to agriculture. The rate of species extinction is accelerating to dangerous levels.

Though there have been impressive efforts by many business leaders, hundreds of millions of individuals and families throughout the world and many national, regional and local governments, our civilization is still failing miserably to slow the rate at which these emissions are increasing — much less reduce them.

And in spite of President Obama’s efforts at the Copenhagen climate summit meeting in December, global leaders failed to muster anything more than a decision to “take note” of an intention to act.

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Al Gore, the vice president from 1993 to 2001, is the founder of the Alliance for Climate Protection and the author of “Our Choice: A Plan to Solve the Climate Crisis.” As a businessman, he is an investor in alternative energy companies.

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A version of this article appeared in print on February 28, 2010, on Next Article in Opinion (27 of 30) » page WK11 of the New York edition.

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February 11, 2010 Climate-Change Debate Is Heating Up in Deep Freeze

By JOHN M. BRODER

WASHINGTON — As millions of people along the East Coast hole up in their snowbound homes, the two sides in the climate-change debate are seizing on the mounting drifts to bolster their arguments.

Skeptics of global warming are using the record-setting snows to mock those who warn of dangerous human- driven climate change — this looks more like global cooling, they taunt.

Most climate scientists respond that the ferocious storms are consistent with forecasts that a heating planet will produce more frequent and more intense weather events.

But some independent climate experts say the blizzards in the Northeast no more prove that the planet is cooling than the lack of snow in Vancouver or the downpours in Southern California prove that it is warming.

As an illustration of their point of view, the family of Senator James M. Inhofe, Republican of Oklahoma, a leading climate skeptic in Congress, built a six-foot-tall igloo on Capitol Hill and put a cardboard sign on top that read “Al Gore’s New Home.”

The extreme weather, Mr. Inhofe said by e-mail, reinforced doubts about scientists’ conclusion that global warming was “unequivocal” and most likely caused by human activity.

Nonsense, responded Joseph Romm, a climate-change expert and former Energy Department official who writes about climate issues at the liberal Center for American Progress.

“Ideologues in the Senate keep pushing the anti-scientific disinformation that big snowstorms are evidence against human-caused global warming,” Mr. Romm wrote on Wednesday.

It is perhaps not coincidental that the snowstorm scuffle is playing out against a background of recent climate controversies: In recent months, global-warming critics have assailed a 2007 report by the United Nations’ Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and have claimed that e-mail messages and documents plucked from a server at a climate research center in Britain raise doubts about the academic integrity of some climate scientists. Earlier this week, Rush Limbaugh and other conservative commentators made light of the fact that the announcement of the creation of a new federal climate service on Monday had to be conducted by conference call, rather than news conference, because the federal government was shuttered by the storm.

Matt Drudge, who delights in tweaking climate-change enthusiasts, noted on his Web sitethat a Senate hearing on global warming this week was canceled because of the weather.

http://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/11/science/earth/11climate.html?pagewanted=print 2/12/2010 Climate-Change Debate Is Heating Up in Deep Freeze - NYTimes.com Page 2 of 2

As the first blizzard howled last weekend, the Virginia Republican Party put up an advertisement on the Web — titled “12 Inches of Global Warming” — criticizing two Virginia Democrats, Representatives Rick Boucher and Tom Perriello, who voted for the federal cap-and-trade legislation last year. The advertisement urges voters to call Mr. Boucher and Mr. Perriello to ask if they will help with the shoveling.

Speculating on the meaning of severe weather events is not new. Hurricane Katrina in 2005 and a deadly heat wave in Europe in the summer of 2003 incited similar arguments about what such extremes might — or might not — say about the planet’s climate.

Climate scientists say that no individual episode of severe weather can be attributed to global climate trends, though there is evidence that such events will probably become more frequent as global temperatures rise.

Jeff Masters, a meteorologist who writes on the Weather Underground blog, said that the recent snows do not, by themselves, demonstrate anything about the long-term trajectory of the planet. Climate is, by definition, a measure of decades and centuries, not months or years.

But Dr. Masters also said that government and academic studies had consistently predicted an increasing frequency of just these kinds of record-setting storms, because warmer air carries more moisture.

“Of course,” he wrote on his blog Wednesday as new snows produced white-out conditions in much of the Eastern half of the country, “both climate-change contrarians and climate-change scientists agree that no single weather event can be blamed on climate change.

“However,” he continued, “one can ‘load the dice’ in favor of events that used to be rare — or unheard of — if the climate is changing to a new state.”

A federal government report issued last year, intended to be the authoritative statement of known climate trends in the United States, pointed to the likelihood of more frequent snowstorms in the Northeast and less frequent snow in the South and Southeast as a result of long-term temperature and precipitation patterns. The Climate Impacts report, from the multiagency United States Global Change Research Program, also projected more intense drought in the Southwest and more powerful Gulf Coast hurricanes because of warming.

In other words, if the government scientists are correct, look for more snow.

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W UN climate change panel based claims on student dissertation and magazine article

The United Nations' expert panel on climate change based claims about ice disappearing from the world's mountain tops on a student's dissertation and an article in a mountaineering magazine.

By Richard Gray, Science Correspondent and Rebecca Lefort Published: 9:00PM GMT 30 Jan 2010 Comments 140 | Comment on this article

The revelation will cause fresh embarrassment for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), which had to issue a humiliating apology earlier this month over inaccurate statements about global warming.

The IPCC's remit is to provide an authoritative assessment of scientific evidence on climate change.

Officials were forced earlier this month to retract inaccurate claims in the IPCC's report about the melting of Himalayan glaciers Photo: GETTY

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In its most recent report, it stated that observed reductions in mountain ice in the Andes, Alps and Africa was being caused by global warming, citing two papers as the source of the information.

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However, it can be revealed that one of the sources quoted was a feature article published in a popular magazine for climbers which was based on anecdotal evidence from mountaineers about the changes they were witnessing on the mountainsides around them.

The other was a dissertation written by a geography student, studying for the equivalent of a master's degree, at the University of Berne in Switzerland that quoted interviews with mountain guides in the Alps.

The revelations, uncovered by The Sunday Telegraph, have raised fresh questions about the quality of the information contained in the report, which was published in 2007.

It comes after officials for the panel were forced earlier this month to retract inaccurate claims in the IPCC's report about the melting of Himalayan glaciers.

Sceptics have seized upon the mistakes to cast doubt over the validity of the IPCC and have called for the panel to be disbanded.

This week scientists from around the world leapt to the defence of the IPCC, insisting that despite the errors, which they describe as minor, the majority of the science presented in the IPCC report is sound and its conclusions are unaffected.

But some researchers have expressed exasperation at the IPCC's use of unsubstantiated claims and sources outside of the scientific literature.

Professor Richard Tol, one of the report's authors who is based at the Economic and Social Research Institute in Dublin, Ireland, said: "These are essentially a collection of anecdotes.

"Why did they do this? It is quite astounding. Although there have probably been no policy decisions made on the basis of this, it is illustrative of how sloppy Working Group Two (the panel of experts within the IPCC responsible for drawing up this section of the report) has been.

"There is no way current climbers and mountain guides can give anecdotal evidence back to the 1900s, so what they claim is complete nonsense."

The IPCC report, which is published every six years, is used by government's worldwide to inform policy decisions that affect billions of people.

The claims about disappearing mountain ice were contained within a table entitled "Selected observed effects due to changes in the cryosphere produced by warming".

It states that reductions in mountain ice have been observed from the loss of ice climbs in the Andes, Alps and in Africa between 1900 and 2000.

The report also states that the section is intended to "assess studies that have been published since the TAR (Third Assessment Report) of observed changes and their effects".

But neither the dissertation or the magazine article cited as sources for this information were ever subject to the rigorous scientific review process that research published in scientific journals must undergo.

The magazine article, which was written by Mark Bowen, a climber and author of two books on climate change, appeared in Climbing magazine in 2002. It quoted anecdotal evidence from climbers of retreating glaciers and the loss of ice from climbs since the 1970s.

Mr Bowen said: "I am surprised that they have cited an article from a climbing magazine, but there is no reason

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why anecdotal evidence from climbers should be disregarded as they are spending a great deal of time in places that other people rarely go and so notice the changes."

The dissertation paper, written by professional mountain guide and climate change campaigner Dario-Andri Schworer while he was studying for a geography degree, quotes observations from interviews with around 80 mountain guides in the Bernina region of the Swiss Alps.

Experts claim that loss of ice climbs are a poor indicator of a reduction in mountain ice as climbers can knock ice down and damage ice falls with their axes and crampons.

The IPCC has faced growing criticism over the sources it used in its last report after it emerged the panel had used unsubstantiated figures on glacial melting in the Himalayas that were contained within a World Wildlife Fund (WWF) report.

It can be revealed that the IPCC report made use of 16 non-peer reviewed WWF reports.

One claim, which stated that coral reefs near mangrove forests contained up to 25 times more fish numbers than those without mangroves nearby, quoted a feature article on the WWF website.

In fact the data contained within the WWF article originated from a paper published in 2004 in the respected journal Nature.

In another example a WWF paper on forest fires was used to illustrate the impact of reduced rainfall in the Amazon rainforest, but the data was from another Nature paper published in 1999.

When The Sunday Telegraph contacted the lead scientists behind the two papers in Nature, they expressed surprise that their research was not cited directly but said the IPCC had accurately represented their work.

The chair of the IPCC Rajendra Pachauri has faced mounting pressure and calls for his resignation amid the growing controversy over the error on glacier melting and use of unreliable sources of information.

A survey of 400 authors and contributors to the IPCC report showed, however, that the majority still support Mr Pachauri and the panel's vice chairs. They also insisted the overall findings of the report are robust despite the minor errors.

But many expressed concern at the use of non-peer reviewed information in the reports and called for a tightening of the guidelines on how information can be used.

The Met Office, which has seven researchers who contributed to the report including Professor Martin Parry who was co-chair of the working group responsible for the part of the report that contained the glacier errors, said: "The IPCC should continue to ensure that its review process is as robust and transparent as possible, that it draws only from the peer-reviewed literature, and that uncertainties in the science and projections are clearly expressed."

Roger Sedjo, a senior research fellow at the US research organisation Resources for the Future who also contributed to the IPCC's latest report, added: "The IPCC is, unfortunately, a highly political organisation with most of the secretariat bordering on climate advocacy.

"It needs to develop a more balanced and indeed scientifically sceptical behaviour pattern. The organisation tend to select the most negative studies ignoring more positive alternatives."

The IPCC failed to respond to questions about the inclusion of unreliable sources in its report but it has insisted over the past week that despite minor errors, the findings of the report are still robust and consistent with the

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underlying science.

© Copyright of Telegraph Media Group Limited 2010

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From The Times January 30, 2010 Climate chief was told of false glacier claims before Copenhagen

Most experts believe that the Himalayan glaciers will take centuries to melt

Ben Webster, Environment Editor

The chairman of the leading climate change watchdog was informed that claims about melting Himalayan glaciers were false before the Copenhagen summit, The Times has learnt.

Rajendra Pachauri was told that the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change assessment that the glaciers would disappear by 2035 was wrong, but he waited two months to correct it. He failed to act despite learning that the claim had been refuted by several leading glaciologists.

The IPCC’s report underpinned the proposals at Copenhagen for drastic cuts in global emissions.

Dr Pachauri, who played a leading role at the summit, corrected the error last week after coming under media pressure. He told The Times on January 22 that he had only known about the error for a few days. He said: “I became aware of this when it was reported in the media about ten days ago. Before that, it was really not made known. Nobody brought it to my attention. There were statements, but we never looked at this 2035 number.”

Asked whether he had deliberately kept silent about the error to avoid embarrassment at Copenhagen, he said: “That’s ridiculous. It never came to my attention before the Copenhagen summit. It wasn’t in the public sphere.”

However, a prominent science journalist said that he had asked Dr Pachauri about the 2035 error last November. Pallava Bagla, who writes for Science journal, said he had asked Dr Pachauri about the error. He said that Dr Pachauri had replied: “I don’t have anything to add on glaciers.”

The Himalayan glaciers are so thick and at such high altitude that most glaciologists believe they would take several hundred years to melt at the present rate. Some are growing and many show little sign of change.

Dr Pachauri had previously dismissed a report by the Indian Government which said that glaciers might not

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be melting as much as had been feared. He described the report, which did not mention the 2035 error, as “voodoo science”.

Mr Bagla said he had informed Dr Pachauri that Graham Cogley, a professor at Ontario Trent University and a leading glaciologist, had dismissed the 2035 date as being wrong by at least 300 years. Professor Cogley believed the IPCC had misread the date in a 1996 report which said the glaciers could melt significantly by 2350.

Mr Pallava interviewed Dr Pachauri again this week for Science and asked him why he had decided to overlook the error before the Copenhagen summit. In the taped interview, Mr Pallava asked: “I pointed it out [the error] to you in several e-mails, several discussions, yet you decided to overlook it. Was that so that you did not want to destabilise what was happening in Copenhagen?”

Dr Pachauri replied: “Not at all, not at all. As it happens, we were all terribly preoccupied with a lot of events. We were working round the clock with several things that had to be done in Copenhagen. It was only when the story broke, I think in December, we decided to, well, early this month — as a matter of fact, I can give you the exact dates — early in January that we decided to go into it and we moved very fast.

“And within three or four days, we were able to come up with a clear and a very honest and objective assessment of what had happened. So I think this presumption on your part or on the part of any others is totally wrong. We are certainly never — and I can say this categorically — ever going to do anything other than what is truthful and what upholds the veracity of science.”

Dr Pacharui has also been accused of using the error to win grants worth hundreds of thousands of pounds.

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From The Sunday Times February 14, 2010 World may not be warming, say scientists

Jonathan Leake

The United Nations climate panel faces a new challenge with scientists casting doubt on its claim that global temperatures are rising inexorably because of human pollution.

In its last assessment the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) said the evidence that the world was warming was “unequivocal”.

It warned that greenhouse gases had already heated the world by 0.7C and that there could be 5C-6C more warming by 2100, with devastating impacts on humanity and wildlife. However, new research, including work by British scientists, is casting doubt on such claims. Some even suggest the world may not be warming much at all.

“The temperature records cannot be relied on as indicators of global change,” said John Christy, professor of atmospheric science at the University of Alabama in Huntsville, a former lead author on the IPCC.

The doubts of Christy and a number of other researchers focus on the thousands of weather stations around the world, which have been used to collect temperature data over the past 150 years.

These stations, they believe, have been seriously compromised by factors such as urbanisation, changes in land use and, in many cases, being moved from site to site.

Christy has published research papers looking at these effects in three different regions: east Africa, and the American states of California and Alabama.

“The story is the same for each one,” he said. “The popular data sets show a lot of warming but the apparent temperature rise was actually caused by local factors affecting the weather stations, such as land development.”

The IPCC faces similar criticisms from Ross McKitrick, professor of economics at the University of Guelph, Canada, who was invited by the panel to review its last report.

The experience turned him into a strong critic and he has since published a research paper questioning its methods.

“We concluded, with overwhelming statistical significance, that the IPCC’s climate data are contaminated with surface effects from industrialisation and data quality problems. These add up to a large warming bias,” he said.

Such warnings are supported by a study of US weather stations co-written by , an American meteorologist and climate change sceptic.

His study, which has not been peer reviewed, is illustrated with photographs of weather stations in locations where their readings are distorted by heat-generating equipment.

Some are next to air- conditioning units or are on waste treatment plants. One of the most infamous shows a weather station next to a waste incinerator.

Watts has also found examples overseas, such as the weather station at Rome airport, which catches the hot exhaust fumes emitted by taxiing jets.

In Britain, a weather station at Manchester airport was built when the surrounding land was mainly fields but is now surrounded by heat-generating buildings.

Terry Mills, professor of applied statistics and econometrics at Loughborough University, looked at the same data as the IPCC. He found that the warming trend it reported over the past 30 years or so was just as likely to be due to random fluctuations as to the impacts of greenhouse gases. Mills’s findings are to be published in Climatic Change, an environmental journal. http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/environment/article7026317.ece?print=yes&randnum=126624973... 2/15/2010 Printer Friendly Page 2 of 2

“The earth has gone through warming spells like these at least twice before in the last 1,000 years,” he said.

Kevin Trenberth, a lead author of the chapter of the IPCC report that deals with the observed temperature changes, said he accepted there were problems with the global thermometer record but these had been accounted for in the final report.

“It’s not just temperature rises that tell us the world is warming,” he said. “We also have physical changes like the fact that sea levels have risen around five inches since 1972, the Arctic icecap has declined by 40% and snow cover in the northern hemisphere has declined.”

The European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts has recently issued a new set of global temperature readings covering the past 30 years, with thermometer readings augmented by satellite data.

Dr Vicky Pope, head of climate change advice at the Met Office, said: “This new set of data confirms the trend towards rising global temperatures and suggest that, if anything, the world is warming even more quickly than we had thought.”

Surface temperature records: policy driven deception? - a report by Joseph D’Aleo and Anthony Watts

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From The Sunday Times January 17, 2010 World misled over Himalayan glacier meltdown

(Simon Fraser/Science Photo Library)

The west Himalayan range includes 15,000 glaciers

Jonathan Leake and Chris Hastings

A WARNING that climate change will melt most of the Himalayan glaciers by 2035 is likely to be retracted after a series of scientific blunders by the United Nations body that issued it.

Two years ago the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) issued a benchmark report that was claimed to incorporate the latest and most detailed research into the impact of global warming. A central claim was the world's glaciers were melting so fast that those in the Himalayas could vanish by 2035.

In the past few days the scientists behind the warning have admitted that it was based on a news story in the New Scientist, a popular science journal, published eight years before the IPCC's 2007 report.

It has also emerged that the New Scientist report was itself based on a short telephone interview with Syed Hasnain, a little- known Indian scientist then based at Jawaharlal Nehru University in Delhi.

Hasnain has since admitted that the claim was "speculation" and was not supported by any formal research. If confirmed it would be one of the most serious failures yet seen in climate research. The IPCC was set up precisely to ensure that world leaders had the best possible scientific advice on climate change.

Professor Murari Lal, who oversaw the chapter on glaciers in the IPCC report, said he would recommend that the claim about glaciers be dropped: "If Hasnain says officially that he never asserted this, or that it is a wrong presumption, than I will recommend that the assertion about Himalayan glaciers be removed from future IPCC assessments."

The IPCC's reliance on Hasnain's 1999 interview has been highlighted by Fred Pearce, the journalist who carried out the original interview for the New Scientist. Pearce said he rang Hasnain in India in 1999 after spotting his claims in an Indian magazine. Pearce said: "Hasnain told me then that he was bringing a report containing those numbers to Britain. The report had not been peer reviewed or formally published in a scientific journal and it had no formal status so I reported his work on that basis.

"Since then I have obtained a copy and it does not say what Hasnain said. In other words it does not mention 2035 as a date by which any Himalayan glaciers will melt. However, he did make clear that his comments related only to part of the Himalayan glaciers. not the whole massif."

The New Scientist report was apparently forgotten until 2005 when WWF cited it in a report called An Overview of Glaciers, Glacier Retreat, and Subsequent Impacts in Nepal, India and China. The report credited Hasnain's 1999 interview with the

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New Scientist. But it was a campaigning report rather than an academic paper so it was not subjected to any formal scientific review. Despite this it rapidly became a key source for the IPCC when Lal and his colleagues came to write the section on the Himalayas.

When finally published, the IPCC report did give its source as the WWF study but went further, suggesting the likelihood of the glaciers melting was "very high". The IPCC defines this as having a probability of greater than 90%.

The report read: "Glaciers in the Himalaya are receding faster than in any other part of the world and, if the present rate continues, the likelihood of them disappearing by the year 2035 and perhaps sooner is very high if the Earth keeps warming at the current rate."

However, glaciologists find such figures inherently ludicrous, pointing out that most Himalayan glaciers are hundreds of feet thick and could not melt fast enough to vanish by 2035 unless there was a huge global temperature rise. The maximum rate of decline in thickness seen in glaciers at the moment is 2-3 feet a year and most are far lower.

Professor Julian Dowdeswell, director of the Scott Polar Research Institute at Cambridge University, said: "Even a small glacier such as the Dokriani glacier is up to 120 metres [394ft] thick. A big one would be several hundred metres thick and tens of kilometres long. The average is 300 metres thick so to melt one even at 5 metres a year would take 60 years. That is a lot faster than anything we are seeing now so the idea of losing it all by 2035 is unrealistically high.”

Some scientists have questioned how the IPCC could have allowed such a mistake into print. Perhaps the most likely reason was lack of expertise. Lal himself admits he knows little about glaciers. "I am not an expert on glaciers.and I have not visited the region so I have to rely on credible published research. The comments in the WWF report were made by a respected Indian scientist and it was reasonable to assume he knew what he was talking about," he said.

Rajendra Pachauri, the IPCC chairman, has previously dismissed criticism of the Himalayas claim as "voodoo science".

Last week the IPCC refused to comment so it has yet to explain how someone who admits to little expertise on glaciers was overseeing such a report. Perhaps its one consolation is that the blunder was spotted by climate scientists who quickly made it public.

The lead role in that process was played by Graham Cogley, a geographer from Trent University in Ontario, Canada, who had long been unhappy with the IPCC's finding.

He traced the IPCC claim back to the New Scientist and then contacted Pearce. Pearce then re-interviewed Hasnain, who confirmed that his 1999 comments had been "speculative", and published the update in the New Scientist.

Cogley said: "The reality, that the glaciers are wasting away, is bad enough. But they are not wasting away at the rate suggested by this speculative remark and the IPCC report. The problem is that nobody who studied this material bothered chasing the trail back to the original point when the claim first arose. It is ultimately a trail that leads back to a magazine article and that is not the sort of thing you want to end up in an IPCC report.”

Pearce said the IPCC's reliance on the WWF was "immensely lazy" and the organisation need to explain itself or back up its prediction with another scientific source. Hasnain could not be reached for comment.

The revelation is the latest crack to appear in the scientific concensus over climate change. It follows the so-called climate- gate scandal, where British scientists apparently tried to prevent other researchers from accessing key date. Last week another row broke out when the Met Office criticised suggestions that sea levels were likely to rise 1.9m by 2100, suggesting much lower increases were likely.

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Environment The Fiction Of Climate Science Gary Sutton, 12.04.09, 10:00 AM ET

Many of you are too young to remember, but in 1975 our government pushed "the coming ice age."

Random House dutifully printed "THE WEATHER CONSPIRACY … coming of the New Ice Age." This may be the only book ever written by 18 authors. All 18 lived just a short sled ride from Washington, D.C. Newsweek fell in line and did a cover issue warning us of global cooling on April 28, 1975. And The New York Times, Aug. 14, 1976, reported "many signs that Earth may be headed for another ice age."

OK, you say, that's media. But what did our rational scientists say?

In 1974, the National Science Board announced: "During the last 20 to 30 years, world temperature has fallen, irregularly at first but more sharply over the last decade. Judging from the record of the past interglacial ages, the present time of high temperatures should be drawing to an end…leading into the next ice age."

You can't blame these scientists for sucking up to the fed's mantra du jour. Scientists live off grants. Remember how Galileo recanted his preaching about the earth revolving around the sun? He, of course, was about to be barbecued by his leaders. Today's scientists merely lose their cash flow. Threats work.

In 2002 I stood in a room of the Smithsonian. One entire wall charted the cooling of our globe over the last 60 million years. This was no straight line. The curve had two steep dips followed by leveling. There were no significant warming periods. Smithsonian scientists inscribed it across some 20 feet of plaster, with timelines.

Last year, I went back. That fresco is painted over. The same curve hides behind smoked glass, shrunk to three feet but showing the same cooling trend. Hey, why should the Smithsonian put its tax-free status at risk? If the politicians decide to whip up public fear in a different direction, get with it, oh ye subsidized servants. Downplay that embarrassing old chart and maybe nobody will notice.

Sorry, I noticed.

It's the job of elected officials to whip up panic. They then get re-elected. Their supporters fall in line.

Al Gore thought he might ride his global warming crusade back toward the White House. If you saw his movie, which opened showing cattle on his farm, you start to understand how shallow this is. The United Nations says that cattle, farting and belching methane, create more global warming than all the SUVs in the world. Even more laughably, Al and his camera crew flew first class for that film, consuming 50% more jet fuel per seat-mile than coach fliers, while his Tennessee mansion sucks as much carbon as 20 average homes.

His PR folks say he's "carbon neutral" due to some trades. I'm unsure of how that works, but, maybe there's a tribe in the Sudan that cannot have a campfire for the next hundred years to cover Al's energy gluttony. I'm just not sophisticated enough to know how that stuff works. But I do understand he flies a private jet when the camera crew is gone.

The fall of Saigon in the '70s may have distracted the shrill pronouncements about the imminent ice age. Science's prediction of "A full-blown, 10,000 year ice age," came from its March 1, 1975 issue. The Christian Science Monitor observed that armadillos were retreating south from Nebraska to escape the "global cooling" in its Aug. 27, 1974 issue.

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That armadillo caveat seems reminiscent of today's tales of polar bears drowning due to glaciers disappearing.

While scientists march to the drumbeat of grant money, at least trees don't lie. Their growth rings show what's happened no matter which philosophy is in power. Tree rings show a mini ice age in Europe about the time Stradivarius crafted his violins. Chilled Alpine Spruce gave him tighter wood so the instruments sang with a new purity. But England had to give up the wines that the Romans cultivated while our globe cooled, switching from grapes to colder weather grains and learning to take comfort with beer, whisky and ales.

Yet many centuries earlier, during a global warming, Greenland was green. And so it stayed and was settled by Vikings for generations until global cooling came along. Leif Ericsson even made it to Newfoundland. His shallow draft boats, perfect for sailing and rowing up rivers to conquer villages, wouldn't have stood a chance against a baby iceberg.

Those sustained temperature swings, all before the evil economic benefits of oil consumption, suggest there are factors at work besides humans.

Today, as I peck out these words, the weather channel is broadcasting views of a freakish and early snow falling on Dallas. The Iowa state extension service reports that the record corn crop expected this year will have unusually large kernels, thanks to "relatively cool August and September temperatures." And on Jan. 16, 2007, NPR went politically incorrect, briefly, by reporting that "An unusually harsh winter frost, the worst in 20 years, killed much of the California citrus, avocados and flower crops."

To be fair, those reports are short-term swings. But the longer term changes are no more compelling, unless you include the ice ages, and then, perhaps, the panic attempts of the 1970s were right. Is it possible that if we put more CO2 in the air, we'd forestall the next ice age?

I can ask "outrageous" questions like that because I'm not dependent upon government money for my livelihood. From the witch doctors of old to the elected officials today, scaring the bejesus out of the populace maintains their status.

Sadly, the public just learned that our scientific community hid data and censored critics. Maybe the feds should drop this crusade and focus on our health care crisis. They should, of course, ignore the life insurance statistics that show every class of American and both genders are living longer than ever. That's another inconvenient fact.

Gary Sutton is co-founder of Teledesic and has been CEO of several other companies, including Knight Protective Industries and @Backup.

See Also:

Cringing Over Climategate

A Sick System

Why California Is Bad for Innovation

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Richard and Judy Read the latest column now SEARCH UK NEWS for:

Frederick 8) The IPCC theory is driven by just 60 scientists and favourable reviewers not the 4,000 usually Forsyth cited. Read the latest

column now 9) Leaked e-mails from British climate scientists – in a scandal known as “Climate-gate” - suggest that that has been manipulated to exaggerate global warming Ann Widdecombe 10) A large body of scientific research suggests that the sun is responsible for the greater share of Read the latest

column now climate change during the past hundred years.

11) Politicians and activiists claim rising sea levels are a direct cause of global warming but sea Leo McKinstry levels rates have been increasing steadily since the last ice age 10,000 ago Read the latest

column now 12) Philip Stott, Emeritus Professor of Biogeography at the School of Oriental and African Studies in London says climate change is too complicated to be caused by just one factor, whether CO2 or HOROSCO clouds Jennifer Selway

Read the latest column now 13) Peter Lilley MP said last month that “fewer people in Britain than in any other country believe in the importance of global warming. That is despite the fact that our Government and our political Choose On class—predominantly—are more committed to it than their counterparts in any other country in the world”. Patrick O'Flynn TV GUIDE Read the latest column now 14) In pursuit of the global warming rhetoric, wind farms will do very little to nothing to reduce CO2 Tod emissions her Exp

David Robson 15) Professor Plimer, Professor of Geology and Earth Sciences at the University of Adelaide, Read the latest stated that the idea of taking a single trace gas in the atmosphere, accusing it and finding it guilty TODAY'S C column now of total responsibility for climate change, is an “absurdity”

16) A Harvard University astrophysicist and geophysicist, Willie Soon, said he is “embarrassed Julia Hartley- and puzzled” by the shallow science in papers that support the proposition that the earth faces a The Political C Brewer climate crisis caused by global warming. Read the latest Year column now 17) The science of what determines the earth’s temperature is in fact far from settled or understood.

18) Despite activist concerns over CO2 levels, CO2 is a minor greenhouse gas, unlike water Ca vapour which is tied to climate concerns, and which we can’t even pretend to control Tr Th 19) A petition by scientists trying to tell the world that the political and media portrayal of global Big warming is false was put forward in the Heidelberg Appeal in 1992. Today, more than 4,000 Ho signatories, including 72 Nobel Prize winners, from 106 countries have signed it. Ear Rep www 20) It is claimed the average global temperature increased at a dangerously fast rate in the 20th century but the recent rate of average global temperature rise has been between 1 and 2 degrees C per century - within natural rates

21) Professor Zbigniew Jaworowski, Chairman of the Scientific Council of the Central Laboratory for Radiological Protection in Warsaw, Poland says the earth’s temperature has more to do with

http://www.dailyexpress.co.uk/posts/view/146138 12/15/2009 Government monopsony distorts climate science, says SPPI Page 2 of 3

Final Week for Ma 2008 alone. Massage Give-Aw

Ø The large expenditure designed to prove the non-existent PinkSheetGuru.C NVSR connection between carbon and climate has created a powerful alliance of self-serving vested interests. Donating Storage

Solar Powered Ba Ø By pouring so much money into pushing a single, Electrical Power O scientifically-baseless agenda, the Government has created not Now Featured on an unbiased investigation but a self-fulfilling prophecy.

Ø Sound science cannot easily survive the vice-like grip of politics and finance.

Says Nova, “For the first time, the numbers from government documents have been compiled in one place. It’s time to start talking of “Monopolistic Science”. It’s time to expose the lie that those who claim “to save the planet” are the underdogs. And it’s time to get serious about auditing science, especially when it comes to pronouncements that are used to justify giant government programs and massive movements of money.”

Robert Ferguson, SPPI’s president, says: “This study counts the cost of years of wasted Federal spending on the ‘global warming’ non-problem. Government bodies, big businesses and environmental NGOs have behaved like big tobacco: recruiting, controlling and rewarding their own “group-think” scientists who bend climate modeling to justify the State’s near-maniacal quest for power, control, wealth and forced population reduction.

“Joanne Nova, who wrote our study, speaks for thousands of scientists in questioning whether a clique of taxpayer-funded climate modelers are getting the data right, or just getting the “right” data. Are politicians paying out billions of our dollars for evidence- driven policy-making, or policy-driven evidence-making? The truth is more crucial than ever, because American lives, property and constitutional liberties are at risk.”

Read Joanne Nova’s important paper Climate Money here: http://scienceandpublicpolicy.org/originals/climate_money.html

Contact Robert Ferguson: http://www.scienceandpublicpolicy.org/ [email protected] Tel. 202-288-5699

[email protected] scienceandpublicpolicy.org/originals/climate_money.html

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http://www.transworldnews.com/NewsStory.aspx?id=104031&cat=12 7/22/2009 Daily Express | UK News :: Climate change is natural: 100 reasons why Page 4 of 12

cloud cover and water vapor than CO2 concentration in the atmosphere.

22) There is strong evidence from solar studies which suggests that the Earth’s current temperature stasis will be followed by climatic cooling over the next few decades

23) It is myth that receding glaciers are proof of global warming as glaciers have been receding and growing cyclically for many centuries

24) It is a falsehood that the earth’s poles are warming because that is natural variation and while the western Arctic may be getting somewhat warmer we also see that the Eastern Arctic and Greenland are getting colder

25) The IPCC claims climate driven “impacts on biodiversity are significant and of key relevance” but those claims are simply not supported by scientific research

26) The IPCC threat of climate change to the world’s species does not make sense as wild species are at least one million years old, which means they have all been through hundreds of climate cycles

27) Research goes strongly against claims that CO2-induced global warming would cause catastrophic disintegration of the Greenland and Antarctic Ice Sheets.

28) Despite activist concerns over CO2 levels, rising CO2 levels are our best hope of raising crop yields to feed an ever-growing population

29) The biggest climate change ever experienced on earth took place around 700 million years ago

30) The slight increase in temperature which has been observed since 1900 is entirely consistent with well-established, long-term natural climate cycles

31) Despite activist concerns over CO2 levels, rising CO2 levels of some so-called “greenhouse gases” may be contributing to higher oxygen levels and global cooling, not warming

32) Accurate satellite, balloon and mountain top observations made over the last three decades have not shown any significant change in the long term rate of increase in global temperatures

33) Today’s CO2 concentration of around 385 ppm is very low compared to most of the earth’s history – we actually live in a carbon-deficient atmosphere

34) It is a myth that CO2 is the most common greenhouse gas because greenhouse gases form about 3% of the atmosphere by volume, and CO2 constitutes about 0.037% of the atmosphere

35) It is a myth that computer models verify that CO2 increases will cause significant global warming because computer models can be made to “verify” anything

36) There is no scientific or statistical evidence whatsoever that global warming will cause more storms and other weather extremes

37) One statement deleted from a UN report in 1996 stated that “none of the studies cited above has shown clear evidence that we can attribute the observed climate changes to increases in greenhouse gases”

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38) The world “warmed” by 0.07 +/- 0.07 degrees C from 1999 to 2008, not the 0.20 degrees C expected by the IPCC

39) The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change says “it is likely that future tropical cyclones (typhoons and hurricanes) will become more intense” but there has been no increase in the intensity or frequency of tropical cyclones globally

40) Rising CO2 levels in the atmosphere can be shown not only to have a negligible effect on the Earth’s many ecosystems, but in some cases to be a positive help to many organisms

41) Researchers who compare and contrast climate change impact on civilizations found warm periods are beneficial to mankind and cold periods harmful

42) The Met Office asserts we are in the hottest decade since records began but this is precisely what the world should expect if the climate is cyclical

43) Rising CO2 levels increase plant growth and make plants more resistant to drought and pests

44) The historical increase in the air’s CO2 content has improved human nutrition by raising crop yields during the past 150 years

45) The increase of the air’s CO2 content has probably helped lengthen human lifespans since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution

46) The IPCC alleges that “climate change currently contributes to the global burden of disease and premature deaths” but the evidence shows that higher temperatures and rising CO2 levels has helped global populations

47) In May of 2004, the Russian Academy of Sciences published a report concluding that the has no scientific grounding at all.

48) The “Climate-gate” scandal pointed to a expensive public campaign of disinformation and the denigration of scientists who opposed the belief that CO2 emissions were causing climate change

49) The head of Britain’s climate change watchdog has predicted households will need to spend up to £15,000 on a full energy efficiency makeover if the Government is to meet its ambitious targets for cutting carbon emissions.

50) Wind power is unlikely to be the answer to our energy needs. The wind power industry argues that there are “no direct subsidies” but it involves a total subsidy of as much as £60 per MWh which falls directly on electricity consumers. This burden will grow in line with attempts to achieve Wind power targets, according to a recent OFGEM report.

51) Wind farms are not an efficient way to produce energy. The British Wind Energy Association (BWEA) accepts a figure of 75 per cent back-up power is required.

52) Global temperatures are below the low end of IPCC predictions not at “at the top end of IPCC estimates”

53) Climate alarmists have raised the concern over acidification of the oceans but Tom Segalstad from Oslo University in Norway , and others, have noted that the composition of ocean water –

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including CO2, calcium, and water – can act as a buffering agent in the acidification of the oceans.

54) The UN’s IPCC computer models of human-caused global warming predict the emergence of a “hotspot” in the upper troposphere over the tropics. Former researcher in the Australian Department of Climate Change, David Evans, said there is no evidence of such a hotspot

55) The argument that climate change is a of result of global warming caused by human activity is the argument of flat Earthers.

56) The manner in which US President Barack Obama sidestepped Congress to order emission cuts shows how undemocratic and irrational the entire international decision-making process has become with regards to emission-target setting.

57) William Kininmonth, a former head of the National Climate Centre and a consultant to the World Meteorological Organisation, wrote “the likely extent of global temperature rise from a doubling of CO2 is less than 1C. Such warming is well within the envelope of variation experienced during the past 10,000 years and insignificant in the context of glacial cycles during the past million years, when Earth has been predominantly very cold and covered by extensive ice sheets.”

58) Canada has shown the world targets derived from the existing Kyoto commitments were always unrealistic and did not work for the country.

59) In the lead up to the Copenhagen summit, David Davis MP said of previous climate summits, at Rio de Janeiro in 1992 and Kyoto in 1997 that many had promised greater cuts, but “neither happened”, but we are continuing along the same lines.

60) The UK ’s environmental policy has a long-term price tag of about £55 billion, before taking into account the impact on its economic growth.

61) The UN’s panel on climate change warned that Himalayan glaciers could melt to a fifth of current levels by 2035. J. Graham Cogley a professor at Ontario Trent University, claims this inaccurate stating the UN authors got the date from an earlier report wrong by more than 300 years.

62) Under existing Kyoto obligations the EU has attempted to claim success, while actually increasing emissions by 13 per cent, according to Lord Lawson. In addition the EU has pursued this scheme by purchasing “offsets” from countries such as China paying them billions of dollars to destroy atmospheric pollutants, such as CFC-23, which were manufactured purely in order to be destroyed.

63) It is claimed that the average global temperature was relatively unchanging in pre-industrial times but sky-rocketed since 1900, and will increase by several degrees more over the next 100 years according to Penn State University researcher Michael Mann. There is no convincing empirical evidence that past climate was unchanging, nor that 20th century changes in average global temperature were unusual or unnatural.

64) Michael Mann of Penn State University has actually shown that the Medieval Warm Period and the Little Ice Age did in fact exist, which contrasts with his earlier work which produced the “hockey stick graph” which showed a constant temperature over the past thousand years or so followed by a recent dramatic upturn.

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65) The globe’s current approach to climate change in which major industrialised countries agree to nonsensical targets for their CO2 emissions by a given date, as it has been under the Kyoto system, is very expensive.

66) The “Climate-gate” scandal revealed that a scientific team had emailed one another about using a “trick” for the sake of concealing a “decline” in temperatures when looking at the history of the Earth’s temperature.

67) Global temperatures have not risen in any statistically-significant sense for 15 years and have actually been falling for nine years. The “Climate-gate” scandal revealed a scientific team had expressed dismay at the fact global warming was contrary to their predictions and admitted their inability to explain it was “a travesty”.

68) The IPCC predicts that a warmer planet will lead to more extreme weather, including drought, flooding, storms, snow, and wildfires. But over the last century, during which the IPCC claims the world experienced more rapid warming than any time in the past two millennia, the world did not experience significantly greater trends in any of these extreme weather events.

69) In explaining the average temperature standstill we are currently experiencing, the Met Office Hadley Centre ran a series of computer climate predictions and found in many of the computer runs there were decade-long standstills but none for 15 years – so it expects global warming to resume swiftly.

70) Richard Lindzen, Professor of Atmospheric Sciences at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, wrote: “The notion of a static, unchanging climate is foreign to the history of the Earth or any other planet with a fluid envelope. Such hysteria (over global warming) simply represents the scientific illiteracy of much of the public, the susceptibility of the public to the substitution of repetition for truth.”

71) Despite the 1997 Kyoto Protocol’s status as the flagship of the fight against climate change it has been a failure.

72) The first phase of the EU’s Scheme (ETS), which ran from 2005 to 2007 was a failure. Huge over-allocation of permits to pollute led to a collapse in the price of carbon from €33 to just €0.20 per tonne meaning the system did not reduce emissions at all.

73) The EU trading scheme, to manage carbon emissions has completely failed and actually allows European businesses to duck out of making their emissions reductions at home by offsetting, which means paying for cuts to be made overseas instead.

74) To date “cap and trade” carbon markets have done almost nothing to reduce emissions.

75) In the United States , the cap-and-trade is an approach designed to control carbon emissions and will impose huge costs upon American citizens via a on all goods and services produced in the United States. The average family of four can expect to pay an additional $1700, or £1,043, more each year. It is predicted that the United States will lose more than 2 million jobs as the result of cap-and-trade schemes.

76) Dr Roy Spencer, a principal research scientist at the University of Alabama in Huntsville, has indicated that out of the 21 climate models tracked by the IPCC the differences in warming exhibited by those models is mostly the result of different strengths of positive cloud feedback – and that increasing CO2 is insufficient to explain global-average warming in the last 50 to 100

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years.

77) Why should politicians devote our scarce resources in a globally competitive world to a false and ill-defined problem, while ignoring the real problems the entire planet faces, such as: poverty, hunger, disease or terrorism.

78) A proper analysis of ice core records from the past 650,000 years demonstrates that temperature increases have come before, and not resulted from, increases in CO2 by hundreds of years.

79) Since the cause of global warming is mostly natural, then there is in actual fact very little we can do about it. (We are still not able to control the sun).

80) A substantial number of the panel of 2,500 climate scientists on the United Nation’s International Panel on Climate Change, which created a statement on scientific unanimity on climate change and man-made global warming, were found to have serious concerns.

81) The UK’s Met Office has been forced this year to re-examine 160 years of temperature data after admitting that public confidence in the science on man-made global warming has been shattered by revelations about the data.

82) Politicians and activists push for renewable energy sources such as wind turbines under the rhetoric of climate change, but it is essentially about money – under the system of Renewable Obligations. Much of the money is paid for by consumers in electricity bills. It amounts to £1 billion a year.

83) The “Climate-gate” scandal revealed that a scientific team had tampered with their own data so as to conceal inconsistencies and errors.

84) The “Climate-gate” scandal revealed that a scientific team had campaigned for the removal of a learned journal’s editor, solely because he did not share their willingness to debase science for political purposes.

85) Ice-core data clearly show that temperatures change centuries before concentrations of atmospheric CO2 change. Thus, there appears to be little evidence for insisting that changes in concentrations of CO2 are the cause of past temperature and climate change.

86) There are no experimentally verified processes explaining how CO2 concentrations can fall in a few centuries without falling temperatures – in fact it is changing temperatures which cause changes in CO2 concentrations, which is consistent with experiments that show CO2 is the atmospheric gas most readily absorbed by water.

87) The Government’s Renewable Energy Strategy contains a massive increase in electricity generation by wind power costing around £4 billion a year over the next twenty years. The benefits will be only £4 to £5 billion overall (not per annum). So costs will outnumber benefits by a range of between eleven and seventeen times.

88) Whilst CO2 levels have indeed changed for various reasons, human and otherwise, just as they have throughout history, the CO2 content of the atmosphere has increased since the beginning of the industrial revolution, and the growth rate has now been constant for the past 25 years.

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89) It is a myth that CO2 is a pollutant, because nitrogen forms 80% of our atmosphere and human beings could not live in 100% nitrogen either: CO2 is no more a pollutant than nitrogen is and CO2 is essential to life.

90) Politicians and climate activists make claims to rising sea levels but certain members in the IPCC chose an area to measure in Hong Kong that is subsiding. They used the record reading of 2.3 mm per year rise of sea level.

91) The accepted global average temperature statistics used by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change show that no ground-based warming has occurred since 1998.

92) If one factors in non-greenhouse influences such as El Nino events and large volcanic eruptions, lower atmosphere satellite-based temperature measurements show little, if any, global warming since 1979, a period over which atmospheric CO2 has increased by 55 ppm (17 per cent).

93) US President Barack Obama pledged to cut emissions by 2050 to equal those of 1910 when there were 92 million Americans. In 2050, there will be 420 million Americans, so Obama’s promise means that emissions per head will be approximately what they were in 1875. It simply will not happen.

94) The European Union has already agreed to cut emissions by 20 percent to 2020, compared with 1990 levels, and is willing to increase the target to 30 percent. However, these are unachievable and the EU has already massively failed with its Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS), as EU emissions actually rose by 0.8 percent from 2005 to 2006 and are known to be well above the Kyoto goal.

95) Australia has stated it wants to slash greenhouse emissions by up to 25 percent below 2000 levels by 2020, but the pledges were so unpopular that the country’s Senate has voted against the carbon trading Bill, and the Opposition’s Party leader has now been ousted by a climate change sceptic.

96) Canada plans to reduce emissions by 20 percent compared with 2006 levels by 2020, representing approximately a 3 percent cut from 1990 levels but it simultaneously defends its Alberta tar sands emissions and its record as one of the world’s highest per-capita emissions setters.

97) India plans to reduce the ratio of emissions to production by 20-25 percent compared with 2005 levels by 2020, but all Government officials insist that since India has to grow for its development and poverty alleviation, it has to emit, because the economy is driven by carbon.

98) The Leipzig Declaration in 1996, was signed by 110 scientists who said: “We – along with many of our fellow citizens – are apprehensive about the climate treaty conference scheduled for Kyoto, Japan, in December 1997” and “based on all the evidence available to us, we cannot subscribe to the politically inspired world view that envisages climate catastrophes and calls for hasty actions.”

99) A US Project stated “We urge the United States government to reject the global warming agreement that was written in Kyoto, Japan in December, 1997, and any other similar proposals. The proposed limits on greenhouse gases would harm the environment, hinder the advance of science and technology, and damage the health and welfare of mankind. There is no convincing scientific evidence that human release of CO2, methane, or other greenhouse

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gasses is causing or will, in the foreseeable future, cause catastrophic heating of the Earth’s atmosphere and disruption of the Earth’s climate.”

100) A report by the Nongovernmental International Panel on Climate Change concluded “We find no support for the IPCC’s claim that climate observations during the twentieth century are either unprecedented or provide evidence of an anthropogenic effect on climate.”

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Wednesday, July 22, 2009

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Art Government monopsony distorts Business climate science, says SPPI Stock Quotes Education The climate industry is costing taxpayers $79 billion Entertainment and counting

Events Washington, DC 7/22/2009 09:12 PM GMT Fashion (TransWorldNews)

Finance Green The Science and Public Policy Institute announces the publication of Health Climate Money, a study by Joanne Nova revealing that the federal Internet Government has a near-monopsony on climate science funding. This distorts the science towards self-serving alarmism. Key Kids findings: Law Movies Ø The US Government has spent more than $79 billion of taxpayers’ money since 1989 on policies related to climate change, Music including science and technology research, administration, Nature propaganda campaigns, foreign aid, and tax breaks. Most of this People spending was unnecessary. Additional H

Politics Ø Despite the billions wasted, audits of the science are left to Solar Generator P Real Estate During Outages a unpaid volunteers. A dedicated but largely uncoordinated MySolarBackUp.c Religion grassroots movement of scientists has sprung up around the globe TransWorldNews to test the integrity of “global warming” theory and to compete with a Science & Technology Government mon lavishly-funded, highly-organized climate monopsony. Major errors SPPI Sports have been exposed again and again. Webtel.mobi’s $7 Stocks Ø Carbon trading worldwide reached $126 billion in 2008. Banks, Multiple Records Travel which profit most, are calling for more. Experts are predicting the Hilarious Rap Vid Weather carbon market will reach $2 - $10 trillion in the near future. Hot Hasselhoff, Anna $20,000 World air will soon be the largest single commodity traded on global exchanges. Bing vs. Google.

Eco-Friendly Sola Ø Meanwhile, in a distracting sideshow, Exxon-Mobil Corp is During Power Ou repeatedly attacked for paying just $23 million to skeptics—less MySolarBackUp.c than a thousandth of what the US government spends on alarmists, TransWorldNews and less than one five-thousandth of the value of carbon trading in http://www.transworldnews.com/NewsStory.aspx?id=104031&cat=12 7/22/2009 Seeking to Save the Planet, With a Thesaurus - NYTimes.com Page 1 of 2

This copy is for your personal, noncommercial use only. You can order presentation-ready copies for distribution to your colleagues, clients or customers here or use the "Reprints" tool that appears next to any article. Visit www.nytreprints.com for samples and additional information. Order a reprint of this article now.

May 2, 2009 Seeking to Save the Planet, With a Thesaurus

By JOHN M. BRODER

WASHINGTON — The problem with global warming, some environmentalists believe, is “global warming.”

The term turns people off, fostering images of shaggy-haired liberals, economic sacrifice and complex scientific disputes, according to extensive polling and focus group sessions conducted by ecoAmerica, a nonprofit environmental marketing and messaging firm in Washington.

Instead of grim warnings about global warming, the firm advises, talk about “our deteriorating atmosphere.” Drop discussions of carbon dioxide and bring up “moving away from the dirty fuels of the past.” Don’t confuse people with cap and trade; use terms like “cap and cash back” or “pollution reduction refund.”

EcoAmerica has been conducting research for the last several years to find new ways to frame environmental issues and so build public support for climate change legislation and other initiatives. A summary of the group’s latest findings and recommendations was accidentally sent by e-mail to a number of news organizations by someone who sat in this week on a briefing intended for government officials and environmental leaders.

Asked about the summary, ecoAmerica’s president and founder, Robert M. Perkowitz, requested that it not be reported until the formal release of the firm’s full paper later this month, but acknowledged that its wide distribution now made compliance with his request unlikely.

The research directly parallels marketing studies conducted by oil companies, utilities and coal mining concerns that are trying to “green” their images with consumers and sway public policy.

Environmental issues consistently rate near the bottom of public worry, according to many public opinion polls. A Pew Research Center poll released in January found global warming last among 20 voter concerns; it trailed issues like addressing moral decline and decreasing the influence of lobbyists. “We know why it’s lowest,” said Mr. Perkowitz, a marketer of outdoor clothing and home furnishings before he started ecoAmerica, whose activities are financed by corporations, foundations and individuals. “When someone thinks of global warming, they think of a politicized, polarized argument. When you say ‘global warming,’ a certain group of Americans think that’s a code word for progressive liberals, gay marriage and other such issues.”

The answer, Mr. Perkowitz said in his presentation at the briefing, is to reframe the issue using different language. “Energy efficiency” makes people think of shivering in the dark. Instead, it is more effective to speak of “saving money for a more prosperous future.” In fact, the group’s surveys and focus groups found, it

http://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/02/us/politics/02enviro.html?_r=2&pagewanted=print 5/4/2009 Seeking to Save the Planet, With a Thesaurus - NYTimes.com Page 2 of 2

is time to drop the term “the environment” and talk about “the air we breathe, the water our children drink.”

“Another key finding: remember to speak in TALKING POINTS aspirational language about shared American ideals, like freedom, prosperity, independence and self-sufficiency while avoiding jargon and details about policy, science, economics or technology,” said the e-mail account of the group’s study.

Mr. Perkowitz and allies in the environmental movement have been briefing officials in Congress and the administration in the hope of using the findings to change the terms of the debate now under way in Washington.

Opponents of legislation to combat global warming are engaged in a similar effort. Trying to head off a cap- and-trade system, in which government would cap the amount of heat-trapping emissions allowed and let industry trade permits to emit those gases, they are coaching Republicans to refer to any such system as a giant tax that would kill jobs. Coal companies are taking out full-page advertisements promising “clean, green coal.” The natural gas industry refers to its product as “clean fuel green fuel.” Oil companies advertise their investments in alternative energy.

Robert J. Brulle of Drexel University, an expert on environmental communications, said ecoAmerica’s campaign was a mirror image of what industry and political conservatives were doing. “The form is the same; the message is just flipped,” he said. “You want to sell toothpaste, we’ll sell it. You want to sell global warming, we’ll sell that. It’s the use of advertising techniques to manipulate public opinion.”

He said the approach was cynical and, worse, ineffective. “The right uses it, the left uses it, but it doesn’t engage people in a face-to-face manner,” he said, “and that’s the only way to achieve real, lasting social change.”

Frank Luntz, a Republican communications consultant, prepared a strikingly similar memorandum in 2002, telling his clients that they were losing the environmental debate and advising them to adjust their language. He suggested referring to themselves as “conservationists” rather than “environmentalists,” and emphasizing “common sense” over scientific argument.

And, Mr. Luntz and Mr. Perkowitz agree, “climate change” is an easier sell than “global warming.”

Copyright 2009 The New York Times Company

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http://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/02/us/politics/02enviro.html?_r=2&pagewanted=print 5/4/2009 Earth on the Brink of an Ice Age - Pravda.Ru Page 1 of 3

Earth on the Brink of an Ice Age Source: URL: http://english.pravda.ru/science/earth/106922-earth_ice_age- 11.01.2009 Pravda.Ru 0

The earth is now on the brink of entering another Ice Age, according to a large and compelling body of evidence from within the field of climate science. Many sources of data which provide our knowledge base of long-term climate change indicate that the warm, twelve thousand year-long Holocene period will rather soon be coming to an end, and then the earth will return to Ice Age conditions for the next 100,000 years.

Ice cores, ocean sediment cores, the geologic record, and studies of ancient plant and animal populations all demonstrate a regular cyclic pattern of Ice Age glacial maximums which each last about 100,000 years, separated by intervening warm interglacials, each lasting about 12,000 years.

Most of the long-term climate data collected from various sources also shows a strong correlation with the three astronomical cycles which are together known as the Milankovich cycles. The three Milankovich cycles include the tilt of the earth, which varies over a 41,000 year period; the shape of the earth’s orbit, which changes over a period of 100,000 years; and the Precession of the Equinoxes, also known as the earth’s ‘wobble’, which gradually rotates the direction of the earth’s axis over a period of 26,000 years. According to the Milankovich theory of Ice Age causation, these three astronomical cycles, each of which effects the amount of solar radiation which reaches the earth, act together to produce the cycle of cold Ice Age maximums and warm interglacials.

Elements of the astronomical theory of Ice Age causation were first presented by the French mathematician Joseph Adhemar in 1842, it was developed further by the English prodigy Joseph Croll in 1875, and the theory was established in its present form by the Czech mathematician Milutin Milankovich in the 1920s and 30s. In 1976 the prestigious journal “Science” published a landmark paper by John Imbrie, James Hays, and Nicholas Shackleton entitled “Variations in the Earth's orbit: Pacemaker of the Ice Ages,” which described the correlation which the trio of scientist/authors had found between the climate data obtained from ocean sediment cores and the patterns of the astronomical Milankovich cycles. Since the late 1970s, the Milankovich theory has remained the predominant theory to account for Ice Age causation among climate scientists, and hence the Milankovich theory is always described in textbooks of climatology and in encyclopaedia articles about the Ice Ages.

In their 1976 paper Imbrie, Hays, and Shackleton wrote that their own climate forecasts, which were based on sea-sediment cores and the Milankovich cycles, "… must be qualified in two ways. First, they apply only to the natural component of future climatic trends - and not to anthropogenic effects such as those due to the burning of fossil fuels. Second, they describe only the long-term trends, because they are linked to orbital variations with periods of 20,000 years and longer. Climatic oscillations at higher frequencies are not predicted... the results indicate that the long-term trend over the next 20,000 years is towards extensive Northern Hemisphere glaciation and cooler climate."

During the 1970s the famous American astronomer Carl Sagan and other scientists began promoting the theory that ‘greenhouse gasses’ such as carbon dioxide, or CO2, produced by human industries could lead to catastrophic global warming. Since the 1970s the theory of ‘anthropogenic global warming’ (AGW) has gradually become accepted as fact by most of the academic establishment, and their acceptance of AGW has inspired a global movement to encourage governments to make pivotal changes to prevent the worsening of AGW.

The central piece of evidence that is cited in support of the AGW theory is the famous ‘hockey stick’ graph which was presented by Al Gore in his 2006 film “An Inconvenient Truth.” The ‘hockey stick’ graph shows an acute upward spike in global temperatures which began during the 1970s and continued

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through the winter of 2006/07. However, this warming trend was interrupted when the winter of 2007/8 delivered the deepest snow cover to the Northern Hemisphere since 1966 and the coldest temperatures since 2001. It now appears that the current Northern Hemisphere winter of 2008/09 will probably equal or surpass the winter of 2007/08 for both snow depth and cold temperatures.

The main flaw in the AGW theory is that its proponents focus on evidence from only the past one thousand years at most, while ignoring the evidence from the past million years -- evidence which is essential for a true understanding of climatology. The data from provides us with an alternative and more credible explanation for the recent global temperature spike, based on the natural cycle of Ice Age maximums and interglacials.

In 1999 the British journal “Nature” published the results of data derived from glacial ice cores collected at the Russia ’s Vostok station in Antarctica during the 1990s. The Vostok ice core data includes a record of global atmospheric temperatures, atmospheric CO2 and other greenhouse gases, and airborne particulates starting from 420,000 years ago and continuing through history up to our present time.

The graph of the Vostok ice core data shows that the Ice Age maximums and the warm interglacials occur within a regular cyclic pattern, the graph-line of which is similar to the rhythm of a heartbeat on an electrocardiogram tracing. The Vostok data graph also shows that changes in global CO2 levels lag behind global temperature changes by about eight hundred years. What that indicates is that global temperatures precede or cause global CO2 changes, and not the reverse. In other words, increasing atmospheric CO2 is not causing global temperature to rise; instead the natural cyclic increase in global temperature is causing global CO2 to rise.

The reason that global CO2 levels rise and fall in response to the global temperature is because cold water is capable of retaining more CO2 than warm water. That is why carbonated beverages loose their carbonation, or CO2, when stored in a warm environment. We store our carbonated soft drinks, wine, and beer in a cool place to prevent them from loosing their ‘fizz’, which is a feature of their carbonation, or CO2 content. The earth is currently warming as a result of the natural Ice Age cycle, and as the oceans get warmer, they release increasing amounts of CO2 into the atmosphere.

Because the release of CO2 by the warming oceans lags behind the changes in the earth’s temperature, we should expect to see global CO2 levels continue to rise for another eight hundred years after the end of the earth’s current Interglacial warm period. We should already be eight hundred years into the coming Ice Age before global CO2 levels begin to drop in response to the increased chilling of the world’s oceans.

The Vostok ice core data graph reveals that global CO2 levels regularly rose and fell in a direct response to the natural cycle of Ice Age minimums and maximums during the past four hundred and twenty thousand years. Within that natural cycle, about every 110,000 years global temperatures, followed by global CO2 levels, have peaked at approximately the same levels which they are at today.

About 325,000 years ago, at the peak of a warm interglacial, global temperature and CO2 levels were higher than they are today. Today we are again at the peak, and near to the end, of a warm interglacial, and the earth is now due to enter the next Ice Age. If we are lucky, we may have a few years to prepare for it. The Ice Age will return, as it always has, in its regular and natural cycle, with or without any influence from the effects of AGW.

The AGW theory is based on data that is drawn from a ridiculously narrow span of time and it demonstrates a wanton disregard for the ‘big picture’ of long-term climate change. The data from paleoclimatology, including ice cores, sea sediments, geology, paleobotany and zoology, indicate that we are on the verge of entering another Ice Age, and the data also shows that severe and lasting climate change can occur within only a few years. While concern over the dubious threat of Anthropogenic Global Warming continues to distract the attention of people throughout the world, the very real threat of the approaching and inevitable Ice Age, which will render large parts of the Northern Hemisphere uninhabitable, is being foolishly ignored.

http://english.pravda.ru/print/science/earth/106922-earth_ice_age-0 1/11/2009 Earth on the Brink of an Ice Age - Pravda.Ru Page 3 of 3

Gregory F. Fegel

© 1999-2006. «PRAVDA.Ru». When reproducing our materials in whole or in part, hyperlink to PRAVDA.Ru should be made. The opinions and views of the authors do not always coincide with the point of view of PRAVDA.Ru's editors.

http://english.pravda.ru/print/science/earth/106922-earth_ice_age-0 1/11/2009 The world has never seen such freezing heat - Telegraph Page 1 of 60

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Comment home Personal view The world has never seen such freezing heat Telegraph view By Christopher Booker Columnists Last Updated: 12:01am GMT 16/11/2008

Your view Have your say Read comments Blogs My Telegraph A surreal scientific blunder last week raised a huge question mark about the temperature Letters records that underpin the worldwide alarm over global warming. On Monday, Nasa's Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS), which is run by Al Gore's chief scientific ally, Dr James Holy Cows Hansen, and is one of four bodies responsible for monitoring global temperatures, announced that last month was the hottest October on record.

Announcements z Read more from Christopher Booker Culture Blogs This was startling. Across the world Comment there were reports of unseasonal snow and plummeting temperatures last Crossword month, from the American Great Plains Dating to China, and from the Alps to New Earth Zealand. China's official news agency reported that Tibet had suffered its Education "worst snowstorm ever". In the US, Expat the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Family Administration registered 63 local snowfall records and 115 lowest-ever Fantasy Games temperatures for the month, and Fashion ranked it as only the 70th-warmest Features October in 114 years. A sudden cold snap brought snow to London in October Food and Drink So what explained the anomaly? GISS's computerised temperature maps seemed to show Football readings across a large part of Russia had been up to 10 degrees higher than normal. But Gardening when expert readers of the two leading warming-sceptic blogs, Watts Up With That and Health Climate Audit, began detailed analysis of the GISS data they made an astonishing discovery. Horoscopes The reason for the freak figures was that scores of temperature records from Russia and elsewhere were not based on October readings at all. Figures from the previous month had Lifestyle simply been carried over and repeated two months running. My Telegraph Obituaries z EU facing revolt over climate change target enforcement z EU plans new energy deals Promotions z Himalayan glaciers 'could disappear completely by 2035' Property Science The error was so glaring that when it was reported on the two blogs - run by the US meteorologist Anthony Watts and Steve McIntyre, the Canadian computer analyst who won Sudoku fame for his expert debunking of the notorious "hockey stick" graph - GISS began hastily Technology revising its figures. This only made the confusion worse because, to compensate for the Telegraph offers lowered temperatures in Russia, GISS claimed to have discovered a new "hotspot" in the MOST VIEWED Weather Arctic - in a month when satellite images were showing Arctic sea-ice recovering so fast from its summer melt that three weeks ago it was 30 per cent more extensive than at the same 140 years of UFO Your Money time last year. sightings - Part I Your View The world has never seen such freezing heat ACTIVITY PLANNER A GISS spokesman lamely explained that the reason for the error in the Russian figures was that they were obtained from another body, and that GISS did not have resources to exercise 140 years of UFO proper quality control over the data it was supplied with. This is an astonishing admission: the sightings - Part II figures published by Dr Hansen's institute are not only one of the four data sets that the UN's The first colour Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) relies on to promote its case for global photographs from the warming, but they are the most widely quoted, since they consistently show higher German front line during World War One temperatures than the others. Celebrity sightings

If there is one scientist more responsible than any other for the alarm over global warming it is Dr Hansen, who set the whole scare in train back in 1988 with his testimony to a US Senate committee chaired by Al Gore. Again and again, Dr Hansen has been to the fore in making extreme claims over the dangers of climate change. (He was recently in the news here for supporting the activists acquitted of criminally damaging a coal-fired power station in Kent, on the grounds that the harm done to the planet by a new power station would far outweigh any damage they had done themselves.)

Yet last week's latest episode is far from the first time Dr Hansen's methodology has been WIDGETS called in question. In 2007 he was forced by Mr Watts and Mr McIntyre to revise his published figures for US surface temperatures, to show that the hottest decade of the 20th century was not the 1990s, as he had claimed, but the 1930s.

Another of his close allies is Dr Rajendra Pachauri, chairman of the IPCC, who recently

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startled a university audience in Australia by claiming that global temperatures have recently been rising "very much faster" than ever, in front of a graph showing them rising sharply in the past decade. In fact, as many of his audience were aware, they have not been rising in recent years and since 2007 have dropped.

Dr Pachauri, a former railway engineer with no qualifications in climate science, may believe what Dr Hansen tells him. But whether, on the basis of such evidence, it is wise for the FEATURE FOCUS world's governments to embark on some of the most costly economic measures ever proposed, to remedy a problem which may actually not exist, is a question which should give us all pause for thought.

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Comments

Open your eyes, people. AGW is the next Soylent Green. The legislation that has been flying around lately has been to "target emitters of CO2". The semantics of it all lead the world to believe that this is just about cars and factories. But all human beings exhaling on the planet, over 6 billion of them added together, are the greatest emitters of CO2.

How long before human beings become "targets" for selective "decommissioning". When you're told you're going for a group shower, don't bother to bring a towel. It's over for you. Posted by RW on November 16, 2008 8:32 PM Report this comment

I've been a NOAA scientist for about 8 years now. What I want to know is why stories such as this and countless others, are never published or reported by the main stream media. Really? I understand their liberal bias, but for what? Makes you wonder what wigs on the inside are pulling strings. You always hear the doom and gloom and polar bear bullcrap. Never any proof or understanding that actual temperature read out are not the basis of increases or decreases, but computer models set up by the same lopsided foes. Posted by John on November 16, 2008 8:30 PM Report this comment

Warming and cooling is SO much more complex than this. To characterize the picture means to simultaneously factor in ALL energy transfers at once and over time, including ALL solar, ALL atmospheric, ALL oceanic, and ALL biologic including man-made.

Just the solar sunspot cycle ALONE is enough to swing year to year temperatures around quite a bit.

And, there is no question that overall temps have been increasing, all the while solar activity is producing new lows for the last few years.

Just wait until 2014... you might want to stock up on lemonade. Posted by Robay on November 16, 2008 8:30 PM Report this comment

What about the now 10-year old aerosol spraying program, filling our atmosphere with toxic amounts of metals such as aluminum, barium, iron, manganese, etc? This is verified by widespread analysis of ambient air, rainwater, ground water and soil samples from across the USA. This plasma has been proven to warm the atmosphere far more than carbon dioxide, which tends to stay close to the ground. They are blaming, and taxing, the victims. www.arizonaskywatch.com Posted by Mike C. on November 16, 2008 8:29 PM Report this comment

Mars is "suffering" from the same conditions as earth. Are there SUV's on Mars?

cf:

link Posted by BParsons on November 16, 2008 8:29 PM Report this comment

Further to my previous post this evening:

Climate has always changed and will continue to do so despite Man - Canute tried to point out that Nature was rather more powerful than Man.

Surely the Sun determines Earth's climate and affects temperature rather more than Man's best efforts.

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/opinion/main.jhtml?xml=/opinion/2008/11/16/do1610.xml 11/16/2008 Daily Express | Printer Page 1 of 3

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BBC SHUNNED ME FOR DENYING CLIMATE CHANGE Wednesday November 5,2008

FOR YEARS David Bellamy was one of the best known faces on TV.

A respected botanist and the author of 35 books, he had presented around 400 programmes over the years and was appreciated by audiences for his boundless enthusiasm.

Yet for more than 10 years he has been out of the limelight, shunned by bosses at the BBC where he made his name, as well as fellow scientists and environmentalists.

His crime? Bellamy says he doesn’t believe in man-made global warming.

Here he reveals why – and the price he has paid for not toeing the orthodox line on climate change.

CLANGER: Bellamy says Al Gore has 'no proof' that millions will die due to global warming "When I first stuck my head above the parapet to say I didn’t believe what we were being told about global warming I had no idea what the consequences would be.

I am a scientist and I have to follow the directions of science but when I see that the truth is being covered up I have to voice my opinions.

According to official data, in every year since 1998 world temperatures have been getting colder, and in 2002 Arctic ice actually increased. Why, then, do we not hear about that?

The sad fact is that since I said I didn’t believe human beings caused global warming I’ve not been allowed to make a TV programme.

My absence has been noticed, because wherever I go I meet people who say: “I grew up with you on the television, where are you now?”

It was in 1996 that I criticised wind farms while appearing on Blue Peter and I also had an article published in which I described global warming as poppycock.

The truth is, I didn’t think wind farms were an effective means of alternative energy so I said so. Back then, at the BBC you had to toe the line and I wasn’t doing that.

At that point I was still making loads of television programmes and I was enjoying it greatly. Then I suddenly found I was sending in ideas for TV shows and they weren’t getting taken up. I’ve asked around about why I’ve been ignored but I found that people didn’t get back to me.

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CAMPAIGNER: Bellamy says we must stop destroying tropical rainforests At the beginning of this year there was a BBC show with four experts saying: “This is going to be the end of all the ice in the Arctic,” and hypothesising that it was going to be the hottest summer ever. Was it hell! It was very cold and very wet and now we’ve seen evidence that the glaciers in Alaska have started growing rapidly – and they’ve not grown for a long time.

I’ve seen evidence, which I believe, that says there has not been a rise in global temperature since 1998, despite the increase in carbon dioxide being pumped into the atmosphere. This makes me think the global warmers are telling lies – carbon dioxide is not the driver.

The idiot fringe have accused me of being like a Holocaust denier, which is ludicrous. Climate change is all about cycles, it’s a natural thing and has always happened. When the Romans lived in Britain they were growing very good red grapes and making wine on the borders of Scotland. It was evidently a lot warmer.

If you were sitting next to me 10,000 years ago we’d be under ice. So thank God for global warming for ending that ice age; we wouldn’t be here otherwise.

People such as former American Vice-President Al Gore say that millions of us will die because of global warming – which I think is a pretty stupid thing to say if you’ve got no proof.

And my opinion is that there is absolutely no proof that carbon dioxide is anything to do with any impending catastrophe. The science has, quite simply, gone awry. In fact, it’s not even science any more, it’s anti-science.

There’s no proof, it’s just projections and if you look at the models people such as Gore use, you can see they cherry pick the ones that support their beliefs.

To date, the way the so-called Greens and the BBC, the Royal Society and even our political parties have handled this smacks of McCarthyism at its worst.

Global warming is part of a natural cycle and there’s nothing we can actually do to stop these cycles. The world is now facing spending a vast amount of money in tax to try to solve a problem that doesn’t actually exist.

And how were we convinced that this problem exists, even though all the evidence from measurements goes against the fact? God knows. Yes, the lakes in Africa are drying up. But that’s not global warming. They’re drying up for the very simple reason that most of them have dams around them.

So the water that used to be used by local people is now used in the production of cut flowers and vegetables for the supermarkets of Europe.

One of Al Gore’s biggest clangers was saying that the Aral Sea in Uzbekistan was drying up because of global warming. Well, everyone knows, because it was all over the news 20 years ago, that the Russians were growing cotton there at the time and that for every ton of cotton you produce you use a vast amount of water.

The thing that annoys me most is that there are genuine environmental problems that desperately require attention. I’m still an environmentalist, I’m still a Green and I’m still campaigning to stop the destruction of the biodiversity of the world. But money will be wasted on trying to solve this global warming “problem” that I would much rather was used for looking after the people of the world.

Being ignored by the likes of the BBC does not really bother me, not when there are much bigger problems at stake. I might not be on TV any more but I still go around the world campaigning about these important issues. For example, we must stop the destruction of tropical rainforests, something I’ve been saying for 35 years.

Mother nature will balance things out but not if we interfere by destroying rainforests and overfishing the seas. That is where the real environmental catastrophe could occur.

INTERVIEW BY HELEN DOWD

http://www.dailyexpress.co.uk/printer/view/69623/ 11/6/2008 DailyTech - Myth of Consensus Explodes: APS Opens Global Warming Debate Page 1 of 2

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Blog: Science Myth of Consensus Explodes: APS Opens Global Warming Debate Michael Asher (Blog) - July 16, 2008 9:35 PM

Viscount Monckton gives a presentation during the 2007 Conference on Climate Change "Considerable presence" of skeptics

The American Physical Society, an organization representing nearly 50,000 physicists, has reversed its stance on climate change and is now proclaiming that many of its members disbelieve in human-induced global warming. The APS is also sponsoring public debate on the validity of global warming science. The leadership of the society had previously called the evidence for global warming "incontrovertible."

In a posting to the APS forum, editor Jeffrey Marque explains,"There is a considerable presence within the scientific community of people who do not agree with the IPCC conclusion that anthropogenic CO2 emissions are very probably likely to be primarily responsible for global warming that has occurred since the Industrial Revolution."

The APS is opening its debate with the publication of a paper by Lord Monckton of Brenchley, which concludes that -- the rate of temperature change a given amount of greenhouse gas will cause -- has been grossly overstated by IPCC modeling. A low sensitivity implies additional atmospheric CO2 will have little effect on global climate.

Larry Gould, Professor of Physics at the University of Hartford and Chairman of the New England Section of the APS, called Monckton's paper an "expose of the IPCC that details numerous exaggerations and "extensive errors"

In an email to DailyTech, Monckton says, "I was dismayed to discover that the IPCC's 2001 and 2007 reports did not devote chapters to the central 'climate sensitivity' question, and did not explain in proper, systematic detail the methods by which they evaluated it. When I began to investigate, it seemed that the IPCC was deliberately concealing and obscuring its method."

According to Monckton, there is substantial support for his results, "in the peer-reviewed literature, most articles on climate sensitivity conclude, as I have done, that climate sensitivity must be harmlessly low."

http://www.dailytech.com/Myth+of+Consensus+Explodes+APS+Opens+Global+Warmin... 7/19/2008 DailyTech - Myth of Consensus Explodes: APS Opens Global Warming Debate Page 2 of 2

Monckton, who was the science advisor to Britain's Thatcher administration, says natural variability is the cause of most of the Earth's recent warming. "In the past 70 years the Sun was more active than at almost any other time in the past 11,400 years ... Mars, Jupiter, Neptune’s largest moon, and Pluto warmed at the same time as Earth."

Updated 7/17/2008

After publication of this story, the APS responded with a statement that its Physics and Society Forum is merely one unit within the APS, and its views do not reflect those of the Society at large.

"There's no chance that the iPhone is going to get any significant market share. No chance." -- Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer

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http://www.dailytech.com/Myth+of+Consensus+Explodes+APS+Opens+Global+Warmin... 7/19/2008 Global warming may end hurricane pioneer's forecasts | Chron.com - Houston Chronicle Page 1 of 4

April 28, 2008, 12:47PM As he enters his 25th year of predicting hurricane Hurricane forecaster's dispute season activity, Colorado State University officials say handling media inquiries related to with school focuses on global Gray's forecasting requires too much time and warming debate detracts from efforts to promote other By ERIC BERGER professors' work. Copyright 2008 Houston Chronicle But Gray, a highly visible and sometimes acerbic skeptic of climate change, says that's a "flimsy excuse" for the real motivation — a desire to push him aside because of his global warming criticism.

Among other comments, Gray has said global warming scientists are "brainwashing our children."

Now an emeritus professor, Gray declined to comment on the university's possible termination of promotional support.

But a memo he wrote last year, after CSU officials informed him that media relations would Dr. William Gray, a top hurricane researcher, questions the no longer promote his forecasts after 2008, impact of global warming on Earth's climate. reveals his views: AP "This is obviously a flimsy excuse and seems to By pioneering the science of seasonal hurricane me to be a cover for the Department's forecasting and teaching 70 graduate students capitulation to the desires of some (in their own who now populate the National Hurricane Center interest) who want to reign (sic) in my global and other research outposts, William Gray turned warming and global warming-hurricane a city far from the stormy seas into a hurricane criticisms," Gray wrote to Dick Johnson, head of research mecca. CSU's Department of Atmospheric Sciences, and

others. But now the institution in Fort Collins, Colo., where he has worked for nearly half a century, The university may have moderated its stance has told Gray it may end its support of his since last year. Officials said late last week that seasonal forecasting. they intend to support the release of Gray's

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forecasts as long as they continue to be co- the College of Engineering and its 104 faculty authored by Phil Klotzbach, a former student of members. Gray's who earned his doctorate last summer, and as long as Klotzbach remains at CSU. A professor of public relations at Boston University, Donald Wright, questioned why the When Klotzbach leaves, he will either produce university would want to pull back its support for the seasonal forecasts at his new position, or Gray now, after he has published his forecasts end them altogether. for a quarter-century.

Not only does this internal dispute reveal a bit of "It's seems peculiar that this is happening now," acrimony at the end of Gray's long career at CSU; Wright said. "Given the national reputation that it highlights the politically charged atmosphere these reports have, you would think the that surrounds global warming in the United university would want to continue to promote States. these forecasts."

"Bill Gray has come under a lot of fire for his Gray, he said, seems to deliver a lot of publicity views," said Channel 11 meteorologist Neil Frank, bang for the buck. The seasonal forecasts are a former director of the National Hurricane printed in newspapers around the country and Center and a friend of Gray's. "If, indeed, this is splashed across the World Wide Web. happening, it would be really sad that Colorado State is trying to rein in Bill Gray." There also seems to be little question that prominent climate scientists have complained to CSU officials insist that is not the case. CSU about Gray's vocal skepticism. The head of CSU's Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Dick The dean of the College of Engineering, which Johnson, said he has received many comments oversees atmospheric sciences, said she spoke during recent years about Gray — some with Gray about terminating media support for supportive, and some not. his forecasts solely because of the strain it placed on the college's sole media staffer. The complaints have come as Gray became increasingly involved in the global warming "It really has nothing to do with his stand on debate. His comments toward adversaries often global warming," said the dean, Sandra Woods. are biting and adversarial. "He's a great faculty member. He's an institution at CSU." In 2005, when Georgia Tech scientist Peter Webster co-authored a paper suggesting global According to Woods, Gray's forecasts require warming had caused a spike in major hurricanes, about 10 percent of the time a media support Gray labeled him and others "medicine men" who staff member, Emily Wilmsen, has available for were misleading the public.

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Webster, in an e-mail from Bangladesh, where is In recent years, as he has increasingly made working on a flood prediction project, sharp public comments about global warming, acknowledged that he complained to Johnson at Gray quickly became one of the most prominent CSU. skeptics because of his long background in atmospheric sciences. "My only conversation with Dick Johnson, which followed a rather nasty series of jabs from Gray, His views on the climate — he says Earth is suggested that Bill should be persuaded to lay warming naturally and soon will begin cooling — off the personal and stay scientific," Webster have been applauded by some scientists, wrote. particularly meteorologists such as Frank. But they are out of step with mainstream climate Gray also has been highly critical of a former science. student, Greg Holland, who is among the most visible U.S. scientists arguing about the dangers The most recent report by an international group posed by global warming. of climate scientists, the Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change, concluded that there Gray's comments about Holland include referring was 90 percent certainty that human activity had to him as a member of a "Gang of Five" that is caused recent warming of the planet. interested in using scare tactics to increase research funding. Yet at U.S. universities, threats to the rights of scientists who hold minority viewpoints are The comment was a reference to the Gang of generally frowned upon. Four, which terrorized China in the 1960s and '70s while purging the Communist Party of A prominent legal scholar, Stanley Fish of Florida moderates and intellectuals. International University, said university public relations offices should not pick and choose "I have registered concern in several quarters, where resources go, based upon the content of a including CSU, on the manner in which he has professor's work. moved away from scientific debate and into personal attacks on the integrity and motives of "If it can in any way be established that (Gray's) myself and my colleagues," Holland said. global warming views were the basis of this action, then it is an improper action," Fish said. Although he ceded lead authorship of the forecasts to Klotzbach in 2006, Gray has In his memo, Gray clearly indicates that he remained the headliner in storm prognostication. believes his academic freedom is imperiled: He annually is among the most popular draws at the National Hurricane Conference. "For the good of all of us in the Department, the College and at CSU, please believe me when I say

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this is not a direction any of you want to go," he wrote. "Our department and college are strong enough to be able to tolerate a dissenting voice on the global warming question."

Woods, Gray's dean, insisted that dissent on global warming is welcomed at CSU.

"He's not the only faculty member in the world who questions global warming," Woods said. "When Bill talks about some of the data, he can make some very good points."

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http://www.chron.com/disp/story.mpl/front/5736103.html 4/29/2008 BBC NEWS | Science/Nature | Global temperatures 'to decrease' Page 1 of 2

Global temperatures 'to decrease'

By Roger Harrabin BBC News environment analyst

Global temperatures will drop slightly this year as a result of the cooling effect of the La Nina current in the Pacific, UN meteorologists have said.

The World Meteorological Organization's secretary-general, Michel Jarraud, told the BBC it was likely that La Nina would continue into the summer.

This would mean global temperatures have not risen since 1998, prompting some to question climate change theory.

But experts say we are still clearly in a long-term warming trend - and they forecast a new record high temperature within five years.

The WMO points out that the decade from 1998 to 2007 was the warmest on record. Since the beginning of the 20th Century, the global average surface temperature has risen by 0.74C.

While Nasa, the US space agency, cites 2005 as the warmest year, the UK's Hadley Centre lists it as second to 1998.

Researchers say the uncertainty in the observed value for any particular year is larger than these small temperature differences. What matters, they say, is the long-term upward trend.

Rises 'stalled'

LA NINA KEY FACTS La Nina translates from the Spanish as "The Child Girl" Refers to the extensive cooling of the central and eastern Pacific Increased sea temperatures on the western side of the Pacific mean the atmosphere has more energy and frequency of heavy rain and thunderstorms is increased Typically lasts for up to 12 months and generally less damaging event than the stronger El Nino

La Nina and El Nino are two great natural Pacific currents whose effects are so huge they resonate round the world.

El Nino warms the planet when it happens; La Nina cools it. This year, the Pacific is in the grip of a powerful La Nina.

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It has contributed to torrential rains in Australia and to some of the coldest temperatures in memory in snow-bound parts of China.

Mr Jarraud told the BBC that the effect was likely to continue into the summer, depressing temperatures globally by a fraction of a degree.

This would mean that temperatures have not risen globally since 1998 when El Nino warmed the world.

Watching trends

A minority of scientists question whether this means global warming has peaked and argue the Earth has proved more resilient to greenhouse gases than predicted.

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Animation of El Nino and La Nina effects

But Mr Jarraud insisted this was not the case and noted that 2008 temperatures would still be well above average for the century.

"When you look at climate change you should not look at any particular year," he said. "You should look at trends over a pretty long period and the trend of temperature globally is still very much indicative of warming.

"La Nina is part of what we call 'variability'. There has always been and there will always be cooler and warmer years, but what is important for climate change is that the trend is up; the climate on average is warming even if there is a temporary cooling because of La Nina."

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China suffered from heavy snow in January

Adam Scaife, lead scientist for Modelling Climate Variability at the Hadley Centre in Exeter, UK, said their best estimate for 2008 was about 0.4C above the 1961-1990 average, and higher than this if you compared it with further back in the 20th Century.

Mr Scaife told the BBC: "What's happened now is that La Nina has come along and depressed temperatures slightly but these changes are very small compared to the long-term climate change signal, and in a few years time we are confident that the current record temperature of 1998 will be beaten when the La Nina has ended."

Story from BBC NEWS: http://news.bbc.co.uk/go/pr/fr/-/2/hi/science/nature/7329799.stm

Published: 2008/04/04 00:42:26 GMT

© BBC MMVIII

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Home / Opinion / Columnists Search National Post... Search Forget global warming: Welcome to the new Ice Age Lorne Gunter, National Post Published: Monday, February 25, 2008

Snow cover over North America and much of Siberia, More On This Story Mongolia and China is greater than at any time since 1966. Carbon report says tax could save Canadians money

The U.S. National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) reported Climate change could be the that many American cities and towns suffered record next subprime meltdown cold temperatures in January and early February. Most of country coping with According to the NCDC, the average temperature in winter storms January "was -0.3 F cooler than the 1901-2000 (20th Story Tools century) average."

Change font size China is surviving its most brutal winter in a century. Temperatures in the normally balmy south were so low Print this story for so long that some middle-sized cities went days and E-Mail this story even weeks without electricity because once power lines had toppled it was too cold or too icy to repair them. Share This Story

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home rather than venturing out looking for new houses. Del.icio.us

In just the first two weeks of February, Toronto received More 70 cm of snow, smashing the record of 66.6 cm for the entire month set back in the pre-SUV, pre-Kyoto, pre- carbon footprint days of 1950.

And remember the Arctic Sea ice? The ice we were told so hysterically last fall had melted to its "lowest levels on record? Never mind that those records only date back as far as 1972 and that there is anthropological and geological evidence of much greater melts in the past.

The ice is back.

Gilles Langis, a senior forecaster with the Canadian Ice Service in Ottawa, says the Arctic winter has been so severe the ice has not only recovered, it is actually 10 to 20 cm thicker in many places than at this time last year.

OK, so one winter does not a climate make. It would be premature to claim an Ice Age is looming just because we have had one of our most brutal winters in decades.

But if environmentalists and environment reporters can run around shrieking about the manmade destruction of the natural order every time a robin shows up on Georgian Bay two weeks early, then it is at least fair game to use this winter's weather stories to wonder whether the alarmist are being a tad premature.

And it's not just anecdotal evidence that is piling up against the climate-change dogma.

According to Robert Toggweiler of the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory at Princeton University and Joellen Russell, assistant professor of biogeochemical dynamics at the University of Arizona -- two prominent climate modellers -- the computer models that show polar ice-melt cooling the oceans, stopping the circulation of warm equatorial water to northern latitudes and triggering another Ice Age (a la the movie The Day After Tomorrow) are all wrong.

"We missed what was right in front of our eyes," says Prof. Russell. It's not ice melt but rather wind circulation that drives ocean currents northward from the tropics. Climate models until now have not properly accounted for the wind's effects on ocean circulation, so researchers have compensated by over-emphasizing the role of

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manmade warming on polar ice melt.

But when Profs. Toggweiler and Russell rejigged their model to include the 40-year cycle of winds away from the equator (then back towards it again), the role of ocean currents bringing warm southern waters to the north was obvious in the current Arctic warming.

Last month, Oleg Sorokhtin, a fellow of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, shrugged off manmade climate change as "a drop in the bucket." Showing that solar activity has entered an inactive phase, Prof. Sorokhtin advised people to "stock up on fur coats."

He is not alone. Kenneth Tapping of our own National Research Council, who oversees a giant radio telescope focused on the sun, is convinced we are in for a long period of severely cold weather if sunspot activity does not pick up soon.

The last time the sun was this inactive, Earth suffered the Little Ice Age that lasted about five centuries and ended in 1850. Crops failed through killer frosts and drought. Famine, plague and war were widespread. Harbours froze, so did rivers, and trade ceased.

It's way too early to claim the same is about to happen again, but then it's way too early for the hysteria of the global warmers, too. [email protected]

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Looking for a new investment? Try Forex The Sun Also Sets

By INVESTOR'S BUSINESS DAILY | Posted Thursday, February 07, 2008 4:20 PM PT

Climate Change: Not every scientist is part of Al Gore's mythical "consensus." Scientists worried about a new ice age seek funding to better observe something bigger than your SUV — the sun.

Related Topics: Global Warming

Back in 1991, before Al Gore first shouted that the Earth was in the balance, the Danish Meteorological Institute released a study using data that went back centuries that showed that global temperatures closely tracked solar cycles.

To many, those data were convincing. Now, Canadian scientists are seeking additional funding for more and better "eyes" with which to observe our sun, which has a bigger impact on Earth's climate than all the tailpipes and smokestacks on our planet combined.

And they're worried about global cooling, not warming.

Kenneth Tapping, a solar researcher and project director for Canada's National Research Council, is among those looking at the sun for evidence of an increase in sunspot activity.

Solar activity fluctuates in an 11-year cycle. But so far in this cycle, the sun has been disturbingly quiet. The lack of increased activity could signal the beginning of what is known as a Maunder Minimum, an event which occurs every couple of centuries and can last as long as a century.

Such an event occurred in the 17th century. The observation of sunspots showed extraordinarily low levels of magnetism on the sun, with little or no 11-year cycle.

This solar hibernation corresponded with a period of bitter cold that began around 1650 and lasted, with intermittent spikes of warming, until 1715. Frigid winters and cold summers during that period led to massive crop failures, famine and death in Northern Europe.

Tapping reports no change in the sun's magnetic field so far this cycle and warns that if the sun remains quiet for another year or two, it may indicate a repeat of that period of drastic cooling of the Earth, bringing massive snowfall and severe weather to the Northern Hemisphere.

Tapping oversees the operation of a 60-year-old radio telescope that he calls a "stethoscope for the sun." But he and his colleagues need better equipment.

In Canada, where radio-telescopic monitoring of the sun has been conducted since the end of World War II, a new instrument, the next-generation solar flux monitor, could measure the sun's emissions more rapidly and accurately.

As we have noted many times, perhaps the biggest impact on the Earth's climate over time has been the sun.

For instance, researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Solar Research in Germany report the sun has been burning more brightly over the last 60 years, accounting for the 1 degree Celsius increase in Earth's temperature over the last 100 years.

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R. Timothy Patterson, professor of geology and director of the Ottawa-Carleton Geoscience Center of Canada's Carleton University, says that "CO2 variations show little correlation with our planet's climate on long, medium and even short time scales."

Rather, he says, "I and the first-class scientists I work with are consistently finding excellent correlations between the regular fluctuations of the sun and earthly climate. This is not surprising. The sun and the stars are the ultimate source of energy on this planet."

Patterson, sharing Tapping's concern, says: "Solar scientists predict that, by 2020, the sun will be starting into its weakest Schwabe cycle of the past two centuries, likely leading to unusually cool conditions on Earth."

"Solar activity has overpowered any effect that CO2 has had before, and it most likely will again," Patterson says. "If we were to have even a medium-sized solar minimum, we could be looking at a lot more bad effects than 'global warming' would have had."

In 2005, Russian astronomer Khabibullo Abdusamatov made some waves — and not a few enemies in the global warming "community" — by predicting that the sun would reach a peak of activity about three years from now, to be accompanied by "dramatic changes" in temperatures.

A Hoover Institution Study a few years back examined historical data and came to a similar conclusion.

"The effects of solar activity and volcanoes are impossible to miss. Temperatures fluctuated exactly as expected, and the pattern was so clear that, statistically, the odds of the correlation existing by chance were one in 100," according to Hoover fellow Bruce Berkowitz.

The study says that "try as we might, we simply could not find any relationship between industrial activity, energy consumption and changes in global temperatures."

The study concludes that if you shut down all the world's power plants and factories, "there would not be much effect on temperatures."

But if the sun shuts down, we've got a problem. It is the sun, not the Earth, that's hanging in the balance.

© Copyright 2008 Investor's Business Daily. All Rights Reserved.

http://ibdeditorial.com/IBDArticles.aspx?id=287279412587175 2/11/2008 Br-r-r! Where did global warming go? - The Boston Globe Page 1 of 2

THIS STORY HAS BEEN FORMATTED FOR EASY PRINTING

JEFF JACOBY Br-r-r! Where did global warming go?

By Jeff Jacoby, Globe Columnist | January 6, 2008

THE STARK headline appeared just over a year ago. "2007 to be 'warmest on record,' " BBC News reported on Jan. 4, 2007. Citing experts in the British government's Meteorological Office, the story announced that "the world is likely to experience the warmest year on record in 2007," surpassing the all-time high reached in 1998.

But a funny thing happened on the way to the planetary hot flash: Much of the planet grew bitterly cold.

In South America, for example, the start of winter last year was one of the coldest ever observed. According to Eugenio Hackbart, chief meteorologist of the MetSul Weather Center in Brazil, "a brutal cold wave brought record low temperatures, widespread frost, snow, and major energy disruption." In Buenos Aires, it snowed for the first time in 89 years, while in Peru the cold was so intense that hundreds of people died and the government declared a state of emergency in 14 of the country's 24 provinces. In August, Chile's agriculture minister lamented "the toughest winter we have seen in the past 50 years," which caused losses of at least $200 million in destroyed crops and livestock.

Latin Americans weren't the only ones shivering.

University of Oklahoma geophysicist David Deming, a specialist in temperature and heat flow, notes in the Washington Times that "unexpected bitter cold swept the entire Southern Hemisphere in 2007." Johannesburg experienced its first significant snowfall in a quarter-century. Australia had its coldest ever June. New Zealand's vineyards lost much of their 2007 harvest when spring temperatures dropped to record lows.

Closer to home, 44.5 inches of snow fell in New Hampshire last month, breaking the previous record of 43 inches, set in 1876. And the Canadian government is forecasting the coldest winter in 15 years.

Now all of these may be short-lived weather anomalies, mere blips in the path of the global climatic warming that Al Gore and a host of alarmists proclaim the deadliest threat we face. But what if the frigid conditions that have caused so much distress in recent months signal an impending era of global cooling?

"Stock up on fur coats and felt boots!" advises Oleg Sorokhtin, a fellow of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences and senior scientist at Moscow's Shirshov Institute of Oceanography. "The latest data . . . say that earth has passed the peak of its warmer period, and a fairly cold spell will set in quite soon, by 2012."

Sorokhtin dismisses the conventional global warming theory that greenhouse gases, especially human-emitted carbon dioxide, is causing the earth to grow hotter. Like a number of other scientists, he points to solar activity - sunspots and solar flares, which wax and wane over time - as having the greatest effect on climate.

"Carbon dioxide is not to blame for global climate change," Sorokhtin writes in an essay for Novosti. "Solar activity is many times more powerful than the energy produced by the whole of humankind." In a recent paper for the Danish National Space Center, physicists Henrik Svensmark and Eigil Friis-Christensen concur: "The sun . . . appears to be the main forcing agent in global climate change," they write.

Given the number of worldwide cold events, it is no surprise that 2007 didn't turn out to be the warmest ever. In fact, 2007's global temperature was essentially the same as that in 2006 - and 2005, and 2004, and every year back to 2001. The record set in 1998 has not been surpassed. For nearly a decade now, there has been no global warming. Even though atmospheric carbon dioxide continues to accumulate - it's up about 4 percent since 1998 - the global mean temperature has remained flat. That raises some obvious questions about the theory that CO{-2} is the cause of climate change.

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Yet so relentlessly has the alarmist scenario been hyped, and so disdainfully have dissenting views been dismissed, that millions of people assume Gore must be right when he insists: "The debate in the scientific community is over."

But it isn't. Just last month, more than 100 scientists signed a strongly worded open letter pointing out that climate change is a well-known natural phenomenon, and that adapting to it is far more sensible than attempting to prevent it. Because slashing carbon dioxide emissions means retarding economic development, they warned, "the current US approach of CO{-2} reduction is likely to increase human suffering from future climate change rather than to decrease it."

Climate science isn't a religion, and those who dispute its leading theory are not heretics. Much remains to be learned about how and why climate changes, and there is neither virtue nor wisdom in an emotional rush to counter global warming - especially if what's coming is a global Big Chill.

Jeff Jacoby's e-mail address is [email protected].

© Copyright 2008 The New York Times Company

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A cold spell soon to replace global warming

03/01/2008 13:54

MOSCOW. (Oleg Sorokhtin for RIA Novosti) – Stock up on fur coats and felt boots! This is my paradoxical advice to the warm world.

Earth is now at the peak of one of its passing warm spells. It started in the 17th century when there was no industrial influence on the climate to speak of and no such thing as the hothouse effect. The current warming is evidently a natural process and utterly independent of hothouse gases.

The real reasons for climate changes are uneven solar radiation, terrestrial precession (that is, axis gyration), instability of oceanic currents, regular salinity fluctuations of the Arctic Ocean surface waters, etc. There is another, principal reason—solar activity and luminosity. The greater they are the warmer is our climate.

Astrophysics knows two solar activity cycles, of 11 and 200 years. Both are caused by changes in the radius and area of the irradiating solar surface. The latest data, obtained by Habibullah Abdusamatov, head of the Pulkovo Observatory space research laboratory, say that Earth has passed the peak of its warmer period, and a fairly cold spell will set in quite soon, by 2012. Real cold will come when solar activity reaches its minimum, by 2041, and will last for 50-60 years or even longer.

This is my point, which environmentalists hotly dispute as they cling to the hothouse theory. As we know, hothouse gases, in particular, nitrogen peroxide, warm up the atmosphere by keeping heat close to the ground. Advanced in the late 19th century by Svante A. Arrhenius, a Swedish physical chemist and Nobel Prize winner, this theory is taken for granted to this day and has not undergone any serious check.

It determines decisions and instruments of major international organizations—in particular, the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Signed by 150 countries, it exemplifies the impact of scientific delusion on big politics and economics. The authors and enthusiasts of the Kyoto Protocol based their assumptions on an erroneous idea. As a result, developed countries waste huge amounts of money to fight industrial pollution of the atmosphere. What if it is a Don Quixote’s duel with the windmill?

Hothouse gases may not be to blame for global warming. At any rate, there is no scientific evidence to their guilt. The classic hothouse effect scenario is too simple to be true. As things really are, much more sophisticated processes are on in the atmosphere, especially in its dense layer. For instance, heat is not so much radiated in space as carried by air currents—an entirely different mechanism, which cannot cause global warming.

The temperature of the troposphere, the lowest and densest portion of the atmosphere, does not depend on the concentration of greenhouse gas emissions—a point proved theoretically and empirically. True, probes of Antarctic ice shield, taken with bore specimens in the vicinity of the Russian research station Vostok, show that there are close links between atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide and temperature changes. Here, however, we cannot be quite sure which is the cause and which the effect.

Temperature fluctuations always run somewhat ahead of carbon dioxide concentration changes. This means that warming is primary. The ocean is the greatest carbon dioxide depository, with concentrations 60-90 times larger than in the atmosphere. When the ocean’s surface warms up, it produces the “champagne effect.” Compare a foamy spurt out of a warm bottle with wine pouring smoothly when served properly cold.

Likewise, warm ocean water exudes greater amounts of carbonic acid, which evaporates to add to industrial pollution—a factor we cannot deny. However, man-caused pollution is negligible here. If industrial pollution

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with carbon dioxide keeps at its present-day 5-7 billion metric tons a year, it will not change global temperatures up to the year 2100. The change will be too small for humans to feel even if the concentration of greenhouse gas emissions doubles.

Carbon dioxide cannot be bad for the climate. On the contrary, it is food for plants, and so is beneficial to life on Earth. Bearing out this point was the Green Revolution—the phenomenal global increase in farm yields in the mid-20th century. Numerous experiments also prove a direct proportion between harvest and carbon dioxide concentration in the air.

Carbon dioxide has quite a different pernicious influence—not on the climate but on synoptic activity. It absorbs infrared radiation. When tropospheric air is warm enough for complete absorption, radiation energy passes into gas fluctuations. Gas expands and dissolves to send warm air up to the stratosphere, where it clashes with cold currents coming down. With no noticeable temperature changes, synoptic activity skyrockets to whip up cyclones and anticyclones. Hence we get hurricanes, storms, tornados and other natural disasters, whose intensity largely depends on carbon dioxide concentration. In this sense, reducing its concentration in the air will have a positive effect.

Carbon dioxide is not to blame for global climate change. Solar activity is many times more powerful than the energy produced by the whole of humankind. Man’s influence on nature is a drop in the ocean.

Earth is unlikely to ever face a temperature disaster. Of all the planets in the solar system, only Earth has an atmosphere beneficial to life. There are many factors that account for development of life on Earth: Sun is a calm star, Earth is located an optimum distance from it, it has the Moon as a massive satellite, and many others. Earth owes its friendly climate also to dynamic feedback between biotic and atmospheric evolution.

The principal among those diverse links is Earth’s reflective power, which regulates its temperature. A warm period, as the present, increases oceanic evaporation to produce a great amount of clouds, which filter solar radiation and so bring heat down. Things take the contrary turn in a cold period.

What can’t be cured must be endured. It is wise to accept the natural course of things. We have no reason to panic about allegations that ice in the Arctic Ocean is thawing rapidly and will soon vanish altogether. As it really is, scientists say the Arctic and Antarctic ice shields are growing. Physical and mathematical calculations predict a new Ice Age. It will come in 100,000 years, at the earliest, and will be much worse than the previous. Europe will be ice-bound, with glaciers reaching south of Moscow.

Meanwhile, Europeans can rest assured. The Gulf Stream will change its course only if some evil magic robs it of power to reach the north—but Mother Nature is unlikely to do that.

Dr. Oleg Sorokhtin, Merited Scientist of Russia and fellow of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, is staff researcher of the Oceanology Institute.

The opinions expressed in this article are the author's and do not necessarily represent those of RIA Novosti.

© 2005 RIA Novosti

http://en.rian.ru/analysis/20080103/94768732-print.html 1/3/2008 DailyTech - Survey: Less Than Half of all Published Scientists Endorse Global Warming ... Page 1 of 2

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Blog: Science Survey: Less Than Half of all Published Scientists Endorse Global Warming Theory Michael Asher (Blog) - August 29, 2007 11:07 AM

IPCC co-chairs for Netherlands and Sierra Leone debate changes to the Report Summary. Comprehensive survey of published climate research reveals changing viewpoints

In 2004, history professor Naomi Oreskes performed a survey of research papers on climate change. Examining peer-reviewed papers published on the ISI Web of Science database from 1993 to 2003, she found a majority supported the "consensus view," defined as humans were having at least some effect on global climate change. Oreskes' work has been repeatedly cited, but as some of its data is now nearly 15 years old, its conclusions are becoming somewhat dated.

Medical researcher Dr. Klaus-Martin Schulte recently updated this research. Using the same database and search terms as Oreskes, he examined all papers published from 2004 to February 2007. The results have been submitted to the journal Energy and Environment, of which DailyTech has obtained a pre-publication copy. The figures are surprising.

Of 528 total papers on climate change, only 38 (7%) gave an explicit endorsement of the consensus. If one considers "implicit" endorsement (accepting the consensus without explicit statement), the figure rises to 45%. However, while only 32 papers (6%) reject the consensus outright, the largest category (48%) are neutral papers, refusing to either accept or reject the hypothesis. This is no "consensus."

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The figures are even more shocking when one remembers the watered-down definition of consensus here. Not only does it not require supporting that man is the "primary" cause of warming, but it doesn't require any belief or support for "catastrophic" global warming. In fact of all papers published in this period (2004 to February 2007), only a single one makes any reference to climate change leading to catastrophic results.

These changing viewpoints represent the advances in climate science over the past decade. While today we are even more certain the earth is warming, we are less certain about the root causes. More importantly, research has shown us that -- whatever the cause may be -- the amount of warming is unlikely to cause any great calamity for mankind or the planet itself.

Schulte's survey contradicts the United Nation IPCC's Fourth Assessment Report (2007), which gave a figure of "90% likely" man was having an impact on world temperatures. But does the IPCC represent a consensus view of world scientists? Despite media claims of "thousands of scientists" involved in the report, the actual text is written by a much smaller number of "lead authors." The introductory "Summary for Policymakers" -- the only portion usually quoted in the media -- is written not by scientists at all, but by politicians, and approved, word-by-word, by political representatives from member nations. By IPCC policy, the individual report chapters -- the only text actually written by scientists -- are edited to "ensure compliance" with the summary, which is typically published months before the actual report itself.

By contrast, the ISI Web of Science database covers 8,700 journals and publications, including every leading scientific journal in the world.

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Update on Gore's Refusal To Take the Pledge Skeptical Scientists Urge World To ‘Have the Courage to Do Download Senator Inhofe's "A Skeptic’s Guide to Debunking Nothing' At UN Conference Global Warming Alarmism" December 11, 2007 Back to Home Posted By Marc Morano - [email protected] - 7:45 AM ET Search Go Skeptical Scientists Urge World To ‘Have the

Highlighted Blog Courage to Do Nothing' At UN Conference Entries BALI, Indonesia - An international team of scientists skeptical of man-made Scientists Counter AP Article climate fears promoted by the UN and former Vice President Al Gore, Promoting Computer Model Climate Fears descended on Bali this week to urge the world to "have the courage to do nothing" in response to UN demands. New Peer-Reviewed Scientific Studies Chill Global Warming Fears Lord Christopher Monckton, a UK climate researcher, had a blunt message for EPA Chief Vows to Probe E-mail UN climate conference participants on Monday. Threatening to ‘Destroy’ Career of Climate Skeptic "Climate change is a non problem. The right answer to a non problem is to

Climate Momentum Shifting: have the courage to do nothing," Monckton told participants. Prominent Scientists Reverse Belief in Man-made Global Warming - Now "The UN conference is a complete waste of our time and your money and we Skeptics should no longer pay the slightest attention to the IPCC (Intergovernmental EPW Fact of the Day: Clinton, Obama Panel on Climate Change,)" Monckton added. (LINK) Sign Onto to Boxer’s $4,500 Climate Tax on American Families Monckton also noted that the UN has not been overly welcoming to the group

Scientific Smackdown: Skeptics Voted of skeptical scientists. The Clear Winners Against Global Warming Believers in Heated NYC "UN organizers refused my credentials and appeared desperate that I should Debate not come to this conference. They have also made several attempts to interfere Weather Channel TV Host Goes with our public meetings," Monckton explained. 'Political'- Stars in Global Warming Film Accusing U.S. Government of "It is a circus here," agreed Australian scientist Dr. David Evans. Evans is ‘Criminal Neglect’ making scientific presentations to delegates and journalists at the conference Wall Street Journal Praises New revealing the latest peer-reviewed studies that refute the UN's climate claims. Inhofe EPW Blog for "Making Waves" "This is the most lavish conference I have ever been to, but I am only a Live 2007 State of the Union Inhofe EPW Press Blog scientist and I actually only go to the science conferences," Evans said, noting the luxury of the tropical resort. (Note: An analysis by Bloomberg News The HIll: Drudge, global warming shut down Senate site on December 6 found: "Government officials and activists flying to Bali, Indonesia, for the United Nations meeting on climate change will cause as Blog Archives much pollution as 20,000 cars in a year." - LINK) Commitment to Cost-Benefit Analysis Evans, a mathematician who did carbon accounting for the Australian Commitment to Independent and government, recently converted to a skeptical scientist about man-made global Verifiable Science warming after reviewing the new scientific studies. (LINK)

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Wednesday » August 29 » 2007

An inconvenient fact Despite the anti-forestry scare tactics of celebrity movies, trees are the most powerful concentrators of carbon on Earth Dr. Patrick Moore is a co-founder of Greenpeace and chairman and chief scientist of Greenspirit Strategies Ltd. in Vancouver.

Patrick Moore Special to the Sun

Wednesday, August 29, 2007

It seems like there's a new doomsday documentary every month. But seldom does one receive the coverage that Hollywood activist Leonardo DiCaprio's latest climate- change rant, The 11th Hour, is getting.

When we're bombarded anew with theatrical images of our earth's ecosystems when the film opens across B.C. this Friday, I'm concerned that we're losing sight of some indisputable facts.

Here's a key piece of information DiCaprio, collaborator and long-time activist Tzeporah Berman and the leadership of my old organization Greenpeace are ignoring when it comes to forests and carbon: For British Columbians, living among the largest area of temperate rainforest in the world, managing our forests will be a key to reducing greenhouse gases.

As a lifelong environmentalist, I say trees can solve many of the world's sustainability challenges. Forestry is the most sustainable of all the primary industries that provide us with energy and materials. Rather than cutting fewer trees and using less wood, DiCaprio and Berman ought to promote the growth of more trees and the use of more wood.

Trees are the most powerful concentrators of carbon on Earth. Through photosynthesis, they absorb CO2 from the atmosphere and store it in their wood, which is nearly 50 per cent carbon by weight. Trees contain about 250 kilograms of carbon per cubic metre.

North Americans are the world's largest per-capita wood consumers and yet our forests cover approximately the same area of land as they did 100 years ago. According to the United Nations, our forests have expanded nearly 100 million acres over the past decade.

The relationship between trees and greenhouse gases is simple enough on the surface. Trees grow by taking carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and, through photosynthesis, converting it into sugars. The sugars are then used as energy and materials to build cellulose and lignin, the main constituents of wood.

There is a misconception that cutting down an old tree will result in a net release of carbon. Yet wooden furniture made in the Elizabethan era still holds the carbon fixed hundreds of years ago.

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Berman, a veteran of the forestry protest movement, should by now have learned that young forests outperform old growth in carbon sequestration.

Although old trees contain huge amounts of carbon, their rate of sequestration has slowed to a near halt. A young tree, although it contains little fixed carbon, pulls CO2 from the atmosphere at a much faster rate.

When a tree rots or burns, the carbon contained in the wood is released back to the atmosphere. Since combustion releases carbon, active forest management -- such as removing dead trees and clearing debris from the forest floor -- will be imperative in reducing the number and intensity of fires.

The role of forests in the global carbon cycle can be boiled down to these key points: n Deforestation, primarily in tropical forests, is responsible for about 20 per cent of global carbon dioxide emissions. This is occurring where forests are permanently cleared and converted to agriculture and urban settlement. n In many countries with temperate forests, there has been an increase in carbon stored in trees in recent years. This includes the United States, Canada, New Zealand and Sweden. n The most important factors influencing the carbon cycle are deforestation on the negative side, and the use of wood, from sustainably managed forests, as a substitute for non-renewable materials and fuels, on the positive side.

To address climate change, we must use more wood, not less. Using wood sends a signal to the marketplace to grow more trees and to produce more wood. That means we can then use less concrete, steel and plastic -- heavy carbon emitters through their production. Trees are the only abundant, biodegradable and renewable global resource.

DiCaprio's movie, The 11th Hour, is another example of anti-forestry scare tactics, this time said to be "brilliant and terrifying" by James Christopher of the London Times.

Maybe so, but instead of surrendering to the terror, keep in mind that there are solutions to the challenges of climate, and our forests are among them.

This film should be a good, clear reminder for us to put the science before the Hollywood hype.

Dr. Patrick Moore is a co-founder of Greenpeace and chairman and chief scientist of Greenspirit Strategies Ltd. in Vancouver.

© The Vancouver Sun 2007

Copyright © 2007 CanWest Interactive, a division of CanWest MediaWorks Publications, Inc.. All rights reserved.

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TOP STORIES email sto Local scientist calls global warming theory 'hooey' Samara Kalk Derby — 6/18/2007 8:01 am

Reid Bryson, known as the father of scientific climatology, considers global warming a bunch of hooey.

The UW-Madison professor emeritus, who stands against the scientific consensus on this issue, is referred to as a global warming skeptic. But he is not skeptical that global warming exists, he is just doubtful that humans are the cause of it.

There is no question the earth has been warming. It is coming out of the "Little Ice Age," he said in an interview this week.

"However, there is no credible evidence that it is due to mankind and carbon dioxide. We've been coming out of a Little Ice Age for 300 years. We have not been making very much carbon dioxide for 300 years. It's been warming up for a long time," Bryson said. UW-Madison professor emeritus Reid Bryso

The Little Ice Age was driven by volcanic activity. That settled down so it is getting warmer, he said.

Humans are polluting the air and adding carbon dioxide to the atmosphere, but the effect is tiny, Bryson said. In Kenosha's tracks? How a streetcar s "It's like there is an elephant charging in and you worry about the fact that southeastern Wisconsin there is a fly sitting on its head. It's just a total misplacement of emphasis," City wary to copy Kenosha's streetcar t he said. "It really isn't science because there's no really good scientific Potter to open studio-store in old Camb evidence." Park commission votes to reject Law Pa UW beefs up its program as career opp Just because almost all of the scientific community believes in man-made global warming proves absolutely nothing, Bryson said. "Consensus doesn't prove anything, in science or anywhere else, except in democracy, maybe."

Bryson, 87, was the founding chairman of the department of meteorology at UW-Madison and of the Institute for Environmental Studies, now known as the Gaylord Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies. He retired in 1985, but has gone into the office almost every day since. He does it without pay.

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"I have now worked for zero dollars since I retired, long enough that I have paid back the people of Wisconsin every cent they paid me to give me a wonderful, wonderful career. So we are even now. And I feel good about that," said Bryson.

So, if global warming isn't such a burning issue, why are thousands of scientists so concerned about it?

"Why are so many thousands not concerned about it?" Bryson shot back.

"There is a lot of money to be made in this," he added. "If you want to be an eminent scientist you have to have a lot of grad students and a lot of grants. You can't get grants unless you say, 'Oh global warming, yes, yes, carbon dioxide.'"

Speaking out against global warming is like being a heretic, Bryson noted.

And it's not something that he does regularly.

"I can't waste my time on that, I have too many other things to do," he said.

But if somebody asks him for his opinion on global warming, he'll give it. "And I think I know about as much about it as anybody does."

Up against his students' students: Reporters will often call the meteorology building seeking the opinion of a scientist and some beginning graduate student will pick up the phone and say he or she is a meteorologist, Column: Summer camps open doors fo Bryson said. "And that goes in the paper as 'scientists say.'" Badgers net trip to White House In Kenosha's tracks? How a streetcar s The word of this young graduate student then trumps the views of someone southeastern Wisconsin like Bryson, who has been working in the field for more than 50 years, he La Follette grads set off on life's roads said. "It is sort of a smear." Too bad, hackers! It's not really me Libraries woo patrons on the Web Bryson said he recently wrote something on the subject and two graduate City wary to copy Kenosha's streetcar t students told him he was wrong, citing research done by one of their City to test pay-and-display' parking me professors. That professor, Bryson noted, is probably the student of one of Review: Rittenhouse meal can waft you his students. Daughter's home school trial opens mo

"Well, that professor happened to be wrong," he said.

"There is very little truth to what is being said and an awful lot of religion. It's almost a religion. Where you have to believe in anthropogenic (or man- made) global warming or else you are nuts." Madison's best record shop is... Here's you While Bryson doesn't think that global warming is man-made, he said there is Madison's best in the Answer Book reader some evidence of an effect from mankind, but not an effect of carbon back every day for a new poll. dioxide. The Exclusive Company For example, in Wisconsin in the last 100 years the biggest heating has been around Madison, Milwaukee and in the Southeast, where the cities are. Best Buy There was a slight change in the Green Bay area, he said. The rest of the B-Side state shows no warming at all. Frugal Muse "The growth of cities makes it hotter, but that was true back in the 1930s, too," Bryson said. "Big cities were hotter than the surrounding countryside MadCity Music because you concentrate the traffic and you concentrate the home heating. Disc Go Round And you modify the surface, you pave a lot of it." Strictly Discs Bryson didn't see Al Gore's movie about global warming, "An Inconvenient Truth."

"Don't make me throw up," he said. "It is not science. It is not true."

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Not so fast, say scientists: Galen McKinley, an assistant professor of atmospheric and oceanic sciences at UW-Madison disagrees with Bryson, whom she notes is a respected researcher and professor with a long history at the university.

"There are innumerable studies that show that the shoe fits for global warming, I guess you could say, and the human causation for it," McKinley said. View results

"We understand very well the basic process of the greenhouse effect, which is that we know that the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increases the heat trapped by the atmosphere. You put one dollar more in the bank and you have one dollar more there tomorrow. It's a very clear feedback," she said.

Carbon dioxide emissions have been increasing over the industrial period, about 200 years, and can be observed very clearly through about 100 monitoring stations worldwide, McKinley said.

The concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is increasing consistently with the amount that humans are putting into the atmosphere, she said.

"We know humans are putting it there, we understand the basic mechanism and we know that the temperatures are warming. Many, many, many studies illustrate that both at the global scale and at the regional scale."

She cited the work of John Magnuson, a UW-Madison professor emeritus of limnology who is internationally known for his lake studies. Magnuson records the number of days of ice on the lakes in southern Wisconsin, including Mendota and Monona.

His research shows that over the course of the last 150 years, the average has gone from about four months of ice cover to more like 2.5 months, McKinley said.

Bryson would say that it is due to coming out of an Ice Age, McKinley notes, "but the rate of change that we are seeing on the planet is inconsistent with changes in the past that have been due to an Ice Age."

The huge changes in temperature that scientists are seeing are happening much faster than have ever been observed in the past due to the change from an Ice Age phase to a non-Ice Age phase, she said.

"We know that humans are putting CO2 into the atmosphere at an incredibly fast rate, much, much faster than any natural process has done it in the last at least 400,000 years and probably more like millions of years."

The rate of change is consistent with human activity, she said. That is why so many major scientific societies are concerned about global warming, she added.

The release in February of the latest report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) put the likelihood that human beings are the cause of global warming at 90 percent. It noted that temperatures will continue to climb for decades, that heat waves and floods will become more frequent and that the last time the Arctic and the Antarctic were warmer than they are today for an extended period -- before the start of the last Ice Age -- global sea levels were at least thirteen feet higher.

IPCC, founded in 1988, is the joint venture of the United Nations Environment Program and the World Meteorological Organization. Every four

http://www.madison.com/tct/mad/topstories/197613 6/18/2007 Top Stories Page 4 of 4

or five years, it conducts an exhaustive survey of the available data and issues a multivolume assessment of the state of the climate. IPCC's reports are vetted by thousands of scientists and the organization's 190-plus participating governments.

"My views are very similar to those expressed by IPCC," said Steve Vavrus, an associate scientist at the UW-Madison Center for Climatic Research.

"Reid Bryson maintains his long-standing opinions on anthropogenic climate change, and he's certainly entitled to them," Vavrus said.

"The scientific process is never 100 percent sure and it could be proven wrong," McKinley added.

"But I would say that the chances of that based on all of the best information at this current time are incredibly slim. And even though that possibility is out there, it would be irresponsible of us as a society not to act based on the best scientific information we have at the moment, which is that humans are causing the warming of the planet," she said.

"If you saw smoke in your house, it would be irresponsible not to get your family out, right?"

Samara Kalk Derby — 6/18/2007 8:01 am

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By Richard S. Lindzen Newsweek Newsweek International Subscribe Now April 16, 2007 issue - Judging from the media in Table of Contents recent months, the debate over global warming Periscope is now over. There has been a net warming of My Turn the earth over the last century and a half, and National News our greenhouse gas emissions are contributing at Politics some level. Both of these statements are almost World News certainly true. What of it? Recently many people International Ed. have said that the earth is facing a crisis War in Iraq requiring urgent action. This statement has Business nothing to do with science. There is no Enterprise compelling evidence that the warming trend Tech & Science we've seen will amount to anything close to Health catastrophe. What most commentators—and Society many scientists—seem to miss is that the only Education thing we can say with certainly about climate is Entertainment that it changes. The earth is always warming or Tip Sheet cooling by as much as a few tenths of a degree a year; periods of constant average temperatures The Boomer Files are rare. Looking back on the earth's climate LIVE VOTE Columnists history, it's apparent that there's no such thing Letters & Live Talks Is there now permanent momentum behind as an optimal temperature—a climate at which Multimedia/Photos the battle to fight global warming? everything is just right. The current alarm rests Search Archives Yes on the false assumption not only that we live in a Xtra.newsweek.com No perfect world, temperaturewise, but also that our Not sure Video warming forecasts for the year 2040 are U.S. News somehow more reliable than the weatherman's Politics forecast for next week. Vote to see results World News Story continues below ↓ Business Sports advertisement Entertainment

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• Newsweek Modelers claim to have simulated the warming showcase.com—your and cooling that occurred before 1976 by QUIZ resource for health, education and choosing among various guesses as to what Are You a Gearhead? business effect poorly observed volcanoes and • It seemed like only yesterday opportunities unmeasured output from the sun have had. when taking pictures with your These factors, they claim, don't explain the cell phone was cutting edge. PARTNERS Hah! It’s time to upgrade. warming of about 0.4 degrees C between 1976 and 1998. Climate modelers assume the cause must be greenhouse-gas emissions because they have no other explanation. This is a poor substitute for evidence, and simulation hardly EDITOR'S CHOICE

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with no external cause whatever, and to do so over many years, even centuries.

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increases will be catastrophic? Or could they be modest and on balance beneficial? India has warmed during the second half of the 20th century, and agricultural output has increased greatly. Infectious diseases like malaria are a matter not so much of temperature as poverty SEARCH THE SITE and public-health policies (like eliminating DDT). Exposure to cold is generally found to be both more dangerous and less comfortable.

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Moreover, actions taken thus far to reduce emissions have already had negative consequences without improving our ability to adapt to climate change. An emphasis on ethanol, for instance, has led to angry protests against corn-price increases in Mexico, and forest clearing and habitat destruction in Southeast Asia. Carbon caps are likely to lead to increased prices, as well as corruption associated with permit trading. (Enron was a leading lobbyist for Kyoto because it had hoped to capitalize on emissions trading.) The alleged solutions have more potential for catastrophe than the putative problem. The conclusion of the late climate scientist Roger Revelle—Al Gore's supposed mentor—is worth pondering: the evidence for global warming thus far doesn't warrant any action unless it is justifiable on grounds that have nothing to do with climate.

Lindzen is the Alfred P. Sloan Professor of Meteorology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. His research has always been funded exclusively by the U.S. government. He receives no funding from any energy companies.

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Posted By: Kirt Griffin (4/9/2007 12:17:35 PM)

Great article! Good to see these things in the media. I have been studying this for the past year and...

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I've noticed there are surprisingly few alarmists posting after this article. I know they aren't looking...

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Thanks a lot for those links. I've not seen scientific articles like this. It is refreshing to to a calm...

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Allegre's second thoughts

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The Deniers -- The National Post's series on scientists who buck the conventional wisdom on climate science

LAWRENCE SOLOMON, Financial Post

Published: Friday, March 02, 2007

Claude Allegre, one of France's leading socialists and among her most celebrated scientists, was among the first to sound the alarm about the dangers of global warming.

"By burning fossil fuels, man increased the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere which, for example, has raised the global mean temperature by half a degree in the last century," Dr. Allegre, a renowned geochemist, wrote 20 years ago in Cles pour la geologie.." Fifteen years ago, Dr. Allegre was among the 1500 prominent scientists who signed "World Scientists' Warning to Humanity," a highly publicized letter stressing that global warming's "potential risks are very great" and demanding a new caring ethic that recognizes the globe's fragility in order to stave off "spirals of environmental decline, poverty, and unrest, leading to social, economic and environmental collapse."

The full Deniers series

In the 1980s and early 1990s, when concern about global warming was in its infancy, little was known about the mechanics of how it could occur, or the consequences that could befall us. Since then, governments throughout the western world and bodies such as the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change have commissioned billions of dollars worth of research by thousands of scientists. With a wealth of data now in, Dr. Allegre has recanted his views. To his surprise, the many climate models and studies failed dismally in establishing a man-made cause of catastrophic global warming. Meanwhile, increasing evidence indicates that most of the warming comes of natural phenomena. Dr. Allegre now sees global warming as over-hyped and an environmental concern of second rank.

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His break with what he now sees as environmental cant on climate change came in September, in an article entitled "The Snows of Kilimanjaro" in l' Express, the French weekly. His article cited evidence that Antarctica is gaining ice and that Kilimanjaro's retreating snow caps, among other global-warming concerns, come from natural causes. "The cause of this climate change is unknown," he states matter of factly. There is no basis for saying, as most do, that the "science is settled."

Dr. Allegre's skepticism is noteworthy in several respects. For one, he is an exalted member of France's political establishment, a friend of former Socialist president Lionel Jospin, and, from 1997 to 2000, his minister of education, research and technology, charged with improving the quality of government research through closer co-operation with France's educational institutions. For another, Dr. Allegre has the highest environmental credentials. The author of early environmental books, he fought successful

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battles to protect the ozone layer from CFCs and public health from lead pollution. His break with scientific dogma over global warming came at a personal cost: Colleagues in both the governmental and environmental spheres were aghast that he could publicly question the science behind climate change.

But Dr. Allegre had allegiances to more than his socialist and environmental colleagues. He is, above all, a scientist of the first order, the architect of isotope geodynamics, which showed that the atmosphere was primarily formed early in the history of the Earth, and the geochemical modeller of the early solar system. Because of his path-breaking cosmochemical research, NASA asked Dr. Allegre to participate in the Apollo lunar program, where he helped determine the age of the Moon. Matching his scientific accomplishments in the cosmos are his accomplishments at home: Dr. Allegre is perhaps best known for his research on the structural and geochemical evolution of the Earth's crust and the creation of its mountains, explaining both the title of his article in l' Express and his revulsion at the nihilistic nature of the climate research debate.

Calling the arguments of those who see catastrophe in climate change "simplistic and obscuring the true dangers," Dr. Allegre especially despairs at "the greenhouse-gas fanatics whose proclamations consist in denouncing man's role on the climate without doing anything about it except organizing conferences and preparing protocols that become dead letters." The world would be better off, Dr. Allegre believes, if these "denouncers" became less political and more practical, by proposing practical solutions to head off the dangers they see, such as developing technologies to sequester C02. His dream, he says, is to see "ecology become the engine of economic development and not an artificial obstacle that creates fear."

Lawrence [email protected]

- - -

- Lawrence Solomon is executive director of Urban Renaissance Institute and Consumer Policy Institute, divisions of Energy Probe Research Foundation.

CV OF A DENIER:

Claude Allegre received a Ph D in physics in 1962 from the University of Paris. He became the director of the geochemistry and cosmochemistry program at the French National Scientific Research Centre in 1967 and in 1971, he was appointed director of the University of Paris's Department of Earth Sciences. In 1976, he became director of the Paris Institut de Physique du Globe. He is an author of more than 100 scientific articles, many of them seminal studies on the evolution of the Earth using isotopic evidence, and 11 books. He is a member of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences and the French Academy of Science.

© National Post 2007

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February 23, 2007 6:30 AM Author Archive Send to a Friend Print Version Inconvenient Truths Novel science fiction on global warming.

By Patrick J. Michaels

This Sunday, Al Gore will probably win an Academy Award for his global-warming documentary An Inconvenient Truth, a riveting work of science fiction.

The main point of the movie is that, unless we do something very serious, very soon about carbon dioxide emissions, much of Greenland’s 630,000 cubic miles of ice is going to fall into the ocean, raising sea levels over twenty feet by the year 2100.

Where’s the scientific support for this claim? Certainly not in the recent Policymaker’s Summary from the United Nations’ much anticipated compendium on climate change. Under the U.N. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s medium-range emission scenario for greenhouse gases, a rise in sea level of between 8 and 17 inches is predicted by 2100. Gore’s film exaggerates the rise by about 2,000 percent. Inconvenient Truths 02/23

Public Disservice 07/26 Even 17 inches is likely to be high, because it The Global-Warming God 10/05 assumes that the concentration of methane, an important greenhouse gas, is growing rapidly. Bayefsky: Jews Seek Racial Boyles: Italian Lesson Atmospheric methane concentration hasn’t Domination! Interview: On the Right Side changed appreciably for seven years, and Zalenski: February 25, 2007 of Hollywood Nobel Laureate Sherwood Rowland recently Kudlow: Liars, Inc. Michaels: Inconvenient pronounced the IPCC’s methane emissions Truths Kerpen: Big Labor’s scenarios as “quite unlikely.” Desperate Power Grab Symposium: Amazing Man

Spruiell: The Wasteland Editors: Romney on the Right Nonetheless, the top end of the U.N.’s new Beard: Force for Good Bean: Wilberforce and the Roots of Freedom projection is about 30-percent lower than it Doerflinger: Troubled Iowa Dreams Interview: Amazing Story was in its last report in 2001. “The projections

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include a contribution due to increased ice flow from Greenland and Antarctica for the rates observed since 1993,” according to the IPCC, “but these flow rates could increase or decrease in the future.”

According to satellite data published in Science in November 2005, Greenland was losing about 25 cubic miles of ice per year. Dividing that by 630,000 yields the annual percentage of ice loss, which, when multiplied by 100, shows that Greenland was shedding ice at 0.4 percent per century.

“Was” is the operative word. In early February, Science published another paper showing that the recent acceleration of Greenland’s ice loss from its huge glaciers has suddenly reversed.

Nowhere in the traditionally refereed scientific literature do we find any support for Gore’s hypothesis. Instead, there’s an unrefereed editorial by NASA climate firebrand James E. Hansen, in the journal Climate Change — edited by Steven Schneider, of Stanford University, who said in 1989 that scientists had to choose “the right balance between being effective and honest” about global warming — and a paper in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences that was only reviewed by one person, chosen by the author, again Dr. Hansen.

These are the sources for the notion that we have only ten years to “do” something immediately to prevent an institutionalized tsunami. And given that Gore only conceived of his movie about two years ago, the real clock must be down to eight years!

It would be nice if my colleagues would actually level with politicians about various “solutions” for climate change. The Kyoto Protocol, if fulfilled by every signatory, would reduce global warming by 0.07 degrees Celsius per half-century. That’s too small to measure, because the earth’s temperature varies by more than that from year to year.

The Bingaman-Domenici bill in the Senate does less than Kyoto — i.e., less than nothing — for decades, before mandating larger cuts, which themselves will have only a minor effect out past somewhere around 2075. (Imagine, as a thought experiment, if the Senate of 1925 were to dictate our energy policy for today).

Mendacity on global warming is bipartisan. President Bush proposes that we replace 20 percent of our current gasoline consumption with ethanol over the next decade. But it’s well- known that even if we turned every kernel of American corn into ethanol, it would displace only 12 percent of our annual gasoline consumption. The effect on global warming, like Kyoto, would be too small to measure, though the U.S. would become the first nation in history to burn up its food supply to please a political mob.

And even if we figured out how to process cellulose into ethanol efficiently, only one-third of our greenhouse gas emissions come from transportation. Even the Pollyannish 20-percent displacement of gasoline would only reduce our total emissions by 7-percent below present levels — resulting in emissions about 20-percent higher than Kyoto allows.

And there’s other legislation out there, mandating, variously, emissions reductions of 50, 66, and 80 percent by 2050. How do we get there if we can’t even do Kyoto?

When it comes to global warming, apparently the truth is inconvenient. And it’s not just Gore’s movie that’s fiction. It’s the rhetoric of the Congress and the chief executive, too.

— Patrick J. Michaels is senior fellow in environmental studies at the Cato Institute and author of Meltdown: The Predictable Distortion of Global Warming by Scientists, Politicians, and the Media.

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