Unité De Pilotage Du Processus DSRP Kinshasa / Gombe

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Unité De Pilotage Du Processus DSRP Kinshasa / Gombe République Démocratique du Congo Ministère du plan Unité de pilotage du processus DSRP Kinshasa / Gombe Offert par WWW.IPAMEC.BE MONOGRAPHIE DE LA PROVINCE DU KASAI - ORIENTAL (DRAFT 4) Kinshasa, Mars 2005 Immeuble SOFIDE, 1 er niveau, commune Gombe [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] 1 Monographie de la Province du KASAI ORIENTAL TABLE DES MATIERES LISTE DES ACRONYMES................................................................................................ 6 2 LISTE DES TABLEAUX.................................................................................................... 8 PROFIL GENERAL DE LA PROVINCE ....................................................................... 11 0. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................... 12 0.1. CONTEXTE ET JUSTIFICATION ..................................................................................... 12 0.2. METHODOLOGIE ........................................................................................................ 13 0.3. MODALITES D’ACCOMPAGNEMENT............................................................................. 14 0.4. ORGANISATION DE LA MONOGRAPHIE......................................................................... 14 0.5. DIFFICULTES RENCONTREES ....................................................................................... 14 CHAPIRE I : DONNEES PHYSIQUES.......................................................................... 16 1.1. LOCALISATION GEOGRAPHIQUE.................................................................................. 16 1.2. CLIMAT, TEMPERATURES ET PRECIPITATIONS.............................................................. 16 1.3. GEOLOGIE.................................................................................................................. 17 1.4. SOLS.......................................................................................................................... 18 1.5. VEGETATION ............................................................................................................. 18 1.6. HYDROGRAPHIE........................................................................................................ 19 1.7. VALEURS AGRICOLES DES SOLS LA PROVINCE DU KASAI•ORIENTAL ............................ 19 CHAPITRE II : DYNAMIQUE SPATIALE.................................................................... 22 2.1. DONNEES DEMOGRAPHIQUES...................................................................................... 22 2.1.1. Population........................................................................................................22 2.1.2. Densité..............................................................................................................22 2.2. ENVIRONNEMENT POLITIQUE...................................................................................... 24 2.3. IMPACTS DES GUERRES ET DES CONFLITS ARMES ......................................................... 25 2.3.1. Considérations générales...................................................................................25 2.3.2. Incidences politiques et socio•économiques des guerres.....................................26 2.3.3. Incidences économiques des guerres au Kasaï Oriental......................................26 CHAPITRE III : CARACTERISTIQUES SOCIO•CULTURELLES............................ 28 3.1. STRUCTURES DE LA SOCIETE ...................................................................................... 28 3.2. PRINCIPAUX GROUPES ETHNIQUES .............................................................................. 28 3.3. MINORITES ETHNIQUES .............................................................................................. 30 3.4. REGIME FONCIER ....................................................................................................... 30 3.4.1. Tenure des terres................................................................................................30 3.4.2. Mode de faire valoir..........................................................................................31 3.5. GROUPES VULNERABLES ............................................................................................ 32 3.5.1Variable genre au kasaï oriental.........................................................................32 3.5.1.1 Génèse ......................................................................................................... 32 3.5.1.2 Analyse de la situation générale de la femme au Kasaï Oriental.................... 33 3.5.1.2 Autres Groupes vulnérables.......................................................................... 36 3.6. HABITAT.................................................................................................................... 39 3.7. HABITUDES ALIMENTAIRES. ....................................................................................... 42 CHAPITRE IV : VALEURS POSITIVES ET NEGATVES AU DEVELOPPEMENT ............................................................................................................... 44 3 4.1. VALEURS POSITIVES........................................................................................... 44 4.2. VALEURS ET ATTITUDES NEGATIVES............................................................. 45 CHAPITRE V : LES INFRASTRUCTURES DE BASE ............................................... 47 5.1. LES INFRASTRUCTURES SOCIALES DE L’EDUCATION ................................. 47 5.1.1. CONTEXTE DE L’ENSEIGNEMENT AU KASAI ORIENTAL..........................47 5.1.2. L’ORGANISATION DE L’ENSEIGNEMENT NON FORMEL............................48 5.1.2.1. Jardin d’enfant............................................................................................ 48 5.1.2.2. Les infrastructures scolaires........................................................................ 49 5.1.2.3. Le taux d’encadrement ............................................................................... 49 5.1.2.4. Les personnels éducateurs .......................................................................... 49 5.1.2.5. Le programme d’études et le support didactique ......................................... 50 5.1.3. Etat des lieux de l’E.P.S.P..................................................................................50 5.1.4 De la paie des enseignants..................................................................................55 5.1.5. Situation de l’enseignement supérieur et universitaire........................................55 2. MATERIEL DE LABORATOIRE......................................................................................... 59 5.2. SECTEUR DE LA SANTE.............................................................................................. 61 5.2.1. Aperçu général...................................................................................................61 5.2.2 ETAT DES LIEUX DES STRUCTURES SANITAIRES.........................................64 5.2.4 INDICATEURS SR..............................................................................................69 5.4. LES INFRASTRUCTURES ECONOMIQUES ........................................................ 72 5.4.1. Les infrastructures de Transports et Communications......................................72 5.4.2. Réseau de transport...........................................................................................72 5.4.2.1. Réseau routier ............................................................................................. 72 5.4.2.2. Réseau des voies fluviales ........................................................................... 79 5.4.2.3 Réseau ferroviaire ........................................................................................ 80 5.4.2.4 Réseau aérien ............................................................................................... 80 5.4.3 Les infrastructures de l’Energie et de desserte en eau potable............................81 5.4.3.1 Infrastructures de desserte en eau potable ..................................................... 81 5.4.3.2. Energie....................................................................................................... 84 5.4.3. INFRASTRUCTURES DE TELECOMMUNICATION.......................................86 CHAPITRE VI : DEVELOPPEMENT URBAIN............................................................ 88 6 .1. APERÇU GENERAL .................................................................................................... 88 6.2. VILLE DE MBUJI – MAYI ............................................................................................ 88 6.2.1 Localisation géographique et découpage administratif.......................................88 6.2.2 Aspects physiques...............................................................................................89 6.2.3. Composante spacio – régionale du développement.............................................90 6.2.3.1 Historique.................................................................................................... 90 6.2.3.2 Fonctions principales de la ville dans l’ensemble national et régional ......... 91 6.2.4 Répartition des populations................................................................................91 6.2.4.1 Répartition de la population de Mbuji – Mayi en 1999, par groupe d’âge et par sexe. ................................................................................................
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