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July 12, 2019
Iran Sanctions Updated July 12, 2019 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov RS20871 SUMMARY RS20871 Iran Sanctions July 12, 2019 Successive Administrations have used sanctions extensively to try to change Iran’s behavior. Sanctions have had a substantial effect on Iran’s economy but little, if any, Kenneth Katzman observable effect on Iran’s conventional defense programs or regional malign activities. Specialist in Middle During 2012-2015, when the global community was relatively united in pressuring Iran, Eastern Affairs Iran’s economy shrank as its crude oil exports fell by more than 50%, and Iran had limited ability to utilize its $120 billion in assets held abroad. The 2015 multilateral nuclear accord (Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, JCPOA) provided Iran broad relief through the waiving of relevant sanctions, revocation of relevant executive orders (E.O.s), and the lifting of U.N. and EU sanctions. Remaining in place were a general ban on U.S. trade with Iran and U.S. sanctions on Iran’s support for regional governments and armed factions, its human rights abuses, its efforts to acquire missile and advanced conventional weapons capabilities, and the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC). Under U.N. Security Council Resolution 2231, which enshrined the JCPOA, nonbinding U.N. restrictions on Iran’s development of nuclear-capable ballistic missiles and a binding ban on its importation or exportation of arms remain in place for several years. JCPOA sanctions relief enabled Iran to increase its oil exports to nearly pre-sanctions levels, regain access to foreign exchange reserve funds and reintegrate into the international financial system, achieve about 7% yearly economic growth (2016-17), attract foreign investment, and buy new passenger aircraft. -
Bank Melli Iran :: History
Bank Melli Iran :: History http://www.bmi.ir/En/BMIHistory.aspx?smnuid=10011 | (http://bmi.ir) ر (/ar/Default.aspx) | H me (/En/Default.aspx) About Us () Services () Correspondent Banking () Thursday, (/En/Default.aspx) News (http://www.bmi.ir/En/news.aspx?smnuid=10080) Regulations () A ugust 04, 2016 Units () CONCISE HISTORY OF BANK MELLI IRAN IN THE NAME OF GOD The year 1307(1928) should be regarded as a turning point in Iran's banking and economic history. It was in that year that after nearly 40 years of foreign dominance on the country's banking scene, BankMelli Iran, the first Iranian commercial bank was established and the long cherished aspiration of the Iranian nation turned into reality . With the establishment of Bank Melli Iran and consequential suspension of foreign banks licences, the then disorderly economic trend of the country was reversed and the newly founded bank began to gather momentum in strengthening of the economic structure and development of agriculture, industry and commerce by mobilizing the huge financial resources and popular savings and by chanelling credits toward productive activities. During the 85 year period ensuing the foundation of Bank Melli Iran the country has witnessed a great deal of changes and turnarounds. Bank Melli Iran which had been founded as a result of an economic exigency, developed at later stages into an active and dynamic element assuming an accelerating role in the country’s economic advancement. In the year 1310(1931) parliament granted sole powers to Bank Melli Iran to issue banknotes, thus establishing the bank as the country’s bank of issue. -
Banking in the Middle East
Banking in the Middle East Anwar All* ODERN BANKING in the Middle East dates from the second M half of the last century. The Ottoman Bank in Turkey, estab- lished in 1863, is, perhaps, the oldest modern banking institution in the area. Banking has made slow but steady progress ever since, the progress depending upon the pace of economic development in various countries and of the transition from predominantly barter to semi- market economies. More recently, with the emphasis placed on eco- nomic development in a number of countries, there have been definite efforts to extend banking services and diversify banking institutions. However, the improvement has by no means been uniform. In some countries, for example, a nomadic way of life still survives, and there is no regularly organized banking system or paper currency. Thus, while progress in recent years has been steady, the banking structure of the Middle East still reflects, on the whole, the economic backwardness of the area and the limitations of domestic banking. Various causes have retarded progress in the development of banking. The basic cause has been the primitive, underdeveloped, and, until com- paratively recently, the almost self-contained nature of the economy in many countries of the region. Nearly 80 per cent of the people live upon agriculture and practice primitive methods of cultivation that yield extremely low crops.1 Much of the agricultural produce does not enter the market but is consumed by the producers or bartered for services and other necessities. The monetization of the economy is thus, in varying degrees, incomplete.2 The majority of the countries export primary commodities and are dependent upon imports for most of the finished consumer goods that they need. -
The General Court Annuls the Acts of the Council Freezing The
General Court of the European Union PRESS RELEASE No 99/13 Luxembourg, 6 September 2013 Judgments in Joined Cases T-35/10 and T-7/11 Bank Melli Iran; Case T-493/10 Persia International Bank plc; Joined Cases T-4/11 and T-5/11 Export Development Bank of Iran; Case T-12/11 Iran Insurance Company; Case T-13/11 Post Bank Iran; Case T-24/11 Bank Refah Kargaran; Case T-434/11 Europäisch-Iranische Handelsbank AG; Joined Cases T-42/12 and T-181/12 Naser Bateni; Case T-57/12 Good Luck Shipping, and Press and Information Case T-110/12 Iranian Offshore Engineering & Construction Co. v Council The General Court annuls the acts of the Council freezing the funds of seven companies and one person in connection with the restrictive measures taken against Iran with the aim of preventing nuclear proliferation Bank Melli Iran and Europäisch-Iranische Handelsbank remain on the list of those whose funds are frozen In order to apply pressure on Iran to end its proliferation-sensitive nuclear activities and the development of nuclear weapon delivery systems, the Council of the European Union adopted decisions and regulations freezing the funds of persons and entities identified by the Council as being involved in nuclear proliferation. The persons and entities concerned are named in a list annexed to each of those regulations, together with a statement of the Council’s reasons for including each person or entity. The persons and entities in the cases before the Court had been designated by decisions of the Council as having been involved in Iran’s nuclear programme, and their names were therefore listed in the annexes to the regulations providing for the funds of such persons to be frozen. -
Federal Register/Vol. 85, No. 63/Wednesday, April 1, 2020/Notices
18334 Federal Register / Vol. 85, No. 63 / Wednesday, April 1, 2020 / Notices DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY a.k.a. CHAGHAZARDY, MohammadKazem); Subject to Secondary Sanctions; Gender DOB 21 Jan 1962; nationality Iran; Additional Male; Passport D9016371 (Iran) (individual) Office of Foreign Assets Control Sanctions Information—Subject to Secondary [IRAN]. Sanctions; Gender Male (individual) Identified as meeting the definition of the Notice of OFAC Sanctions Actions [NPWMD] [IFSR] (Linked To: BANK SEPAH). term Government of Iran as set forth in Designated pursuant to section 1(a)(iv) of section 7(d) of E.O. 13599 and section AGENCY: Office of Foreign Assets E.O. 13382 for acting or purporting to act for 560.304 of the ITSR, 31 CFR part 560. Control, Treasury. or on behalf of, directly or indirectly, BANK 11. SAEEDI, Mohammed; DOB 22 Nov ACTION: Notice. SEPAH, a person whose property and 1962; Additional Sanctions Information— interests in property are blocked pursuant to Subject to Secondary Sanctions; Gender SUMMARY: The U.S. Department of the E.O. 13382. Male; Passport W40899252 (Iran) (individual) Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets 3. KHALILI, Jamshid; DOB 23 Sep 1957; [IRAN]. Control (OFAC) is publishing the names Additional Sanctions Information—Subject Identified as meeting the definition of the of one or more persons that have been to Secondary Sanctions; Gender Male; term Government of Iran as set forth in Passport Y28308325 (Iran) (individual) section 7(d) of E.O. 13599 and section placed on OFAC’s Specially Designated [IRAN]. 560.304 of the ITSR, 31 CFR part 560. Nationals and Blocked Persons List Identified as meeting the definition of the 12. -
Department of the Treasury
Vol. 76 Thursday, No. 126 June 30, 2011 Part IV Department of the Treasury Office of Foreign Assets Control 31 CFR Chapter V Alphabetical Listings: Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons; Blocked Vessels; Persons Determined To Be the Government of Iran; Final Rule VerDate Mar<15>2010 18:07 Jun 29, 2011 Jkt 223001 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 4717 Sfmt 4717 E:\FR\FM\30JNR3.SGM 30JNR3 srobinson on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with RULES3 38534 Federal Register / Vol. 76, No. 126 / Thursday, June 30, 2011 / Rules and Regulations DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY Background additions and deletions of names, as The Department of the Treasury’s well as changes in identifying Office of Foreign Assets Control Office of Foreign Assets Control information, it provides more up-to-date (‘‘OFAC’’) maintains a list of blocked information than the list of persons 31 CFR Chapter V persons, blocked vessels, specially previously published on an annual basis designated nationals, specially at Appendix A. Alphabetical Listings: Specially Persons engaging in regulated Designated Nationals and Blocked designated terrorists, specially designated global terrorists, foreign activities are advised to check the Persons; Blocked Vessels; Persons Federal Register and the most recent Determined To Be the Government of terrorist organizations, and specially designated narcotics traffickers whose version of the SDN List posted on Iran OFAC’s Web site for updated property and interests in property are information on blocking, designation, blocked pursuant to the various AGENCY: Office of Foreign Assets identification, and delisting actions economic sanctions programs Control, Treasury. before engaging in transactions that may administered by OFAC. OFAC be prohibited by the economic sanctions ACTION: Final rule. -
April & May 2020 No 159, Volume 14
April & May 2020 - Volume 14, No 159 Summary Equity Markets The TEDPIX index and junior Farabourse (IFB) market continue to expand 74% and 57% in IRR terms over the past two months ending April 2020, respectively. Based on the unofficial exchange rate, the month-on-month gain in dollar terms accelerate by 61% in TSE and 46% in Farabourse market. This was mainly due to 8% depreciation of IRR exchange rate over the month. Debt Markets For the start of the Iranian calendar year 1399 (March 2020) to end April, total issuance on the fixed income market reached 0.2 billion US$ based on the unofficial exchange rate. Yield to maturity (YTM) remained stable at 16% at the end of April. Economic Review This issue reviews the updates on housing market and the recent inflation targeting announcement published by the CBI. In addition, we have included a separate report covering the latest macroeconomic data published by relevant organizations and senior macroeconomic strategists in a fact-sheet summary, as well as an economic calendar released by local and international statistics centres. North of Iran Photo: Kourosh Odouli 1 Iran Investment Monthly Table of Contents 3 Market Overview 3 Market Update 6 Performance & Updates 8 Historic Trends & Sector Insight 9 Industry at a Glance 10 Market Snapshot 12 TSE & Junior Market Performance 14 Top Ranked Companies 16 Iran’s Fixed Income Market 19 Economic Review 19 Latest Updates 21 Macroeconomic Data 22 News & Views 22 Recent Brokerage Reports 22 Turquoise News 2 Iran Investment Monthly Market Overview April & May 2020 - Volume 14, No 159 Market Update The Tehran stock exchange (TSE) markedly continued its recent upward trend and grew by 66% in Euro terms in April 2020. -
Annual Report Annual Report
Tehran Stock Exchange Annual Report Exchange 2011 Stock Tehran Tehran Stock Exchange Address: No.228,Hafez Ave. Tehran - Iran Tel: (+98 021) 66704130 - 66700309 - 66700219 Fax: (+98 021) 66702524 Zip Code: 1138964161 Gun-metal relief discovered in Lorestan prov- ince, among the Achaemedian dynasty’s (550-330 BC)Antiquities. Featuring four men, hand in hands, indicating unity and cooperation; standing inside circles of 2011 globe,which is it, according to Iranian ancient myths, put on the back of two cows, ANNUAL symbols of intelligence and prosperity. Tehran Stock Exchange Implementation: CAPITAL&MARKET REPORT ANNUAL REPORT Tehran Stock Exchange 2011 Tehran Stock Exchange Tehran www.tse.ir Annual Report 2011 2 Tehran Stock Exchange Tehran www.tse.ir Mission Statement To develop a fair, efficient and transparent market equipped with diversified instruments and easy access in order to create added value for the stakeholders. Vision To be the region’s leading Exchange and country’s economic growth driver. Goals To increase the capital market’s share in financing the economic productive activities. To apply the effective rules and procedures to protect the market’s integrity and shareholders’ equity. To expand the market through using updated and efficient technology and processes. To promote financial literacy and develop investing and shareholding culture in Iran. To extend and facilitate the market access through information technology. To create value for shareholders and comply with transparency and accountability principles, with cooperation -
November 2016 No 121, Volume 11
November 2016 - Volume 11, No 121 Ski resort inspired by an igloo in Shemshak, Iran Summary Equity Market In October, the market regained the peak it last touched in May 2016, once again hitting the 80,000 mark. During October some 80% of companies listed on the TSE released their Q2 earnings and half-year financial reports, as well as their projections for the third and fourth quarters of the Iranian calendar year 1395. Economic Review This issue reviews Iran’s macroeconomic outlook according to results of the Tehran Chamber of Commerce sur- vey and outlines a summary of developments in the petrochemical sector. In addition, we have included sections covering the latest macroeconomic data published by relevant organizations and senior macroeconomic strate- gists in a factsheet report, as well as the economic calendar released by local and international statistics centers. 1 Iran Investment Monthly Table of Contents 3 Market Overview 3 Market Commentary 5 Market Snapshot 6 TSE & Junior Market Performance 7 Top Ranked Companies 8 TSE Statistics 8 FX Movements 9 Economic Review 9 Official Economic Growth 11 Economic Data 12 Turquoise Partners 12 About Turquoise Partners 16 News & Views 2 Iran Investment Monthly Market Overview November 2016 - Volume 11, No 121 Market Commentary In October, the market regained the peak it last touched and their forecasts were higher than expected, helping in May 2016, once again hitting the 80,000 mark. Valua- to boost the index by 2% (in US$ terms) over the month. tions are reflecting investors’ positive outlook and growth The overall level of investors’ optimism and confidence expectations, as indicated by the market’s average P/E in the market is on the rise, especially supported by the ratio which is standing at around 7.6, some two points positive performance of commodity markets across the higher than the long-term average. -
Federal Register/Vol. 75, No. 117/Friday, June 18, 2010/Rules
34630 Federal Register / Vol. 75, No. 117 / Friday, June 18, 2010 / Rules and Regulations DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY the importation of Iranian-origin goods Iran in section 560.304 of the ITR. That and services. Subsequently, in definition includes: Office of Foreign Assets Control Executive Order 12957, issued on March (a) The state and the Government of 15, 1995, under the authority of, inter Iran, as well as any political 31 CFR Part 560 alia, the International Emergency subdivision, agency, or instrumentality Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701– thereof; Iranian Transactions Regulations 1706) (‘‘IEEPA’’), the President declared (b) Any entity owned or controlled AGENCY: Office of Foreign Assets a national emergency with respect to the directly or indirectly by the foregoing; Control, Treasury. actions and policies of the Government and ACTION: Final rule. of Iran, including its support for (c) Any person to the extent that such international terrorism, its efforts to person is, or has been, or to the extent SUMMARY: The Department of the undermine the Middle East peace that there is reasonable cause to believe Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets process, and its efforts to acquire that such person is, or has been, * * * Control (‘‘OFAC’’) is amending the weapons of mass destruction and the acting or purporting to act directly or Iranian Transactions Regulations in the means to deliver them. To deal with that indirectly on behalf of any of the Code of Federal Regulations to expand threat, Executive Order 12957 imposed foregoing * * *. the scope of Appendix A to Part 560 to prohibitions on certain transactions This expansion in scope of Appendix A encompass any person determined by with respect to the development of to Part 560 will better assist U.S. -
Court Slaps More Fines on Future Bank New Fines Raise Total Jail Terms in the Multi-Billion Dollar Scheme to 30 Years
FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 18, 2020 03 Court slaps more fines on Future bank New fines raise total jail terms in the multi-billion dollar scheme to 30 years crimes, as well as phantom loans Future bank provided to companies that op- • erate as fronts for Iran’s Islamic officials get new five- Revolutionary Guard Corps. year jail terms each Investigators found that the $7bn Future Bank received requests Banks involved get Reports say the bank for suspicious financial trans- allegedly concealed at least new• $1 million penalty fers through the “SWIFT” sys- $7 billion of transactions tem using a practice known as between 2004 and 2015 wire-stripping to conceal pay- TDT | Manama ments to countries under inter- national sanctions. he latest conviction in Bahraini auditors also uncov- the multi-billion dol - port. ered $2.7 billion in payments Tlar Future bank’s sanc- Kingdom’s Public Prosecution made by the Future bank using tion-evading money laundering has uncovered evidence that an informal alternative to the scheme has raised jails terms future bank officials secretly SWIFT system that is difficult to awarded in the case to 30 years helped Iran evade sanctions for trace, documents show. and overall fines to more than more than a decade. Bank Melli and Bank Saderat $47 million. Reports say the bank alleged- have also been accused by US Yesterday, Bahrain’s High ly concealed at least $7 billion officials of helping finance Iran’s Criminal Court issued ruling of transactions between 2004 nuclear programme. in six cases in which the Cen- and 2015, with Bahraini officials The scheme allowed the bank tral Bank of Iran, some Iranian uncovering hundreds of bank to make the transfers in violation Banks, the Future bank and three accounts tied to individuals of laws and regulations, Public of its officials are implicated. -
B C1 COUNCIL DECISION 2010/413/CFSP of 26 July 2010
2010D0413 — EN — 08.06.2013 — 011.002 — 1 This document is meant purely as a documentation tool and the institutions do not assume any liability for its contents ►B ►C1 COUNCIL DECISION 2010/413/CFSP of 26 July 2010 concerning restrictive measures against Iran and repealing Common Position 2007/140/CFSP ◄ (OJ L 195, 27.7.2010, p. 39) Amended by: Official Journal No page date ►M1 Council Decision 2010/644/CFSP of 25 October 2010 L 281 81 27.10.2010 ►M2 Council Decision 2011/299/CFSP of 23 May 2011 L 136 65 24.5.2011 ►M3 Council Decision 2011/783/CFSP of 1 December 2011 L 319 71 2.12.2011 ►M4 Council Decision 2012/35/CFSP of 23 January 2012 L 19 22 24.1.2012 ►M5 Council Decision 2012/152/CFSP of 15 March 2012 L 77 18 16.3.2012 ►M6 Council Decision 2012/169/CFSP of 23 March 2012 L 87 90 24.3.2012 ►M7 Council Decision 2012/205/CFSP of 23 April 2012 L 110 35 24.4.2012 ►M8 Council Decision 2012/457/CFSP of 2 August 2012 L 208 18 3.8.2012 ►M9 Council Decision 2012/635/CFSP of 15 October 2012 L 282 58 16.10.2012 ►M10 Council Decision 2012/687/CFSP of 6 November 2012 L 307 82 7.11.2012 ►M11 Council Decision 2012/829/CFSP of 21 December 2012 L 356 71 22.12.2012 ►M12 Council Decision 2013/270/CFSP of 6 June 2013 L 156 10 8.6.2013 Corrected by: ►C1 Corrigendum, OJ L 197, 29.7.2010, p.