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Cuban Missile Crisis JCC: USSR
asdf PMUNC 2015 Cuban Missile Crisis JCC: USSR Chair: Jacob Sackett-Sanders JCC PMUNC 2015 Contents Chair Letter…………………………………………………………………...3 Introduction……………….………………………………………………….4 Topics of Concern………………………...………………….………………6 The Space Race…...……………………………....………………….....6 The Third World...…………………………………………......………7 The Eastern Bloc………………………………………………………9 The Chinese Communists…………………………………………….10 De-Stalinization and Domestic Reform………………………………11 Committee Members….……………………………………………………..13 2 JCC PMUNC 2015 Chair’s Letter Dear Delegates, It is my great pleasure to give you an early welcome to PMUNC 2015. My name is Jacob, and I’ll be your chair, helping to guide you as you take on the role of the Soviet political elites circa 1961. Originally from Wilmington, Delaware, at Princeton I study Slavic Languages and Literature. The Eastern Bloc, as well as Yugoslavia, have long been interests of mine. Our history classes and national consciousness often paints them as communist enemies, but in their own ways, they too helped to shape the modern world that we know today. While ultimately failed states, they had successes throughout their history, contributing their own shares to world science and culture, and that’s something I’ve always tried to appreciate. Things are rarely as black and white as the paper and ink of our textbooks. During the conference, you will take on the role of members of the fictional Soviet Advisory Committee on Centralization and Global Communism, a new semi-secret body intended to advise the Politburo and other major state organs. You will be given unmatched power but also faced with a variety of unique challenges, such as unrest in the satellite states, an economy over-reliant on heavy industry, and a geopolitical sphere of influence being challenged by both the USA and an emerging Communist China. -
Opmaak Both/Definitief 02-08-2000 15:13 Pagina 1
* From Indifference to 19-12-2003 17:26 Pagina 1 NORBERT BOTH NORBERT NORBERT BOTH Fr om Indifference to Entrapment to om Indifference The Yugoslav crisis represents a formidable foreign policy challenge to many Western and Islamic government bureaucracies. From Indifference to Entrapment deals with the question of how the Netherlands faced up to this challenge during the years 1990-1995. It was during this period that the crisis erupted into armed conflict and the single worst war crime in Europe since the end of World War II took place in the ‘safe area’ of Srebrenica. The role of the Netherlands is particularly interesting, as the country held the EC/EU Presidency during the recognition debate in 1991 and supplied the peacekeeping presence in Srebrenica. The questions addressed in this book include: Did early warning work? What role did the Dutch Presidency (July-December 1991) play in the recognition debate? What motiv- ated the Dutch opposition to the Vance-Owen Peace Plan? Why did the Netherlands become From Indifference entrapped, as symbolised through its isolated peacekeeping commitment to Srebrenica? Finally, what can this story tell us about the ability of small and medium powers to in- fluence international affairs? This study is based on interviews with key players, including former Cabinet Minis- ters, and on documents from the Netherlands Ministry to Entrapment of Foreign Affairs, made available under the Dutch ‘freedom of information act’. ISBN 90-5356-453-5 Dr. Norbert Both, formerly a research assistant The Netherlands for David Owen, now works at the Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs. -
Middle Powers Initiative Briefing Paper
Middle Powers Initiative Briefing Paper A program of the Global Security Institute Middle Powers Initiative • 866 United Nations Plaza, Suite 4050 • New York, NY 10017 • Tel: +1-646-289-5170 • www.middlepowers.org A Global Undertaking: Realizing the Disarmament Promise of the NPT Briefing paper for the Atlanta Consultation III: Fulfilling the NPT January 21-22, 2010 THE MIDDLE POWERS INITIATIVE A Program of the Global Security Institute www.gsinstitute.org Through the Middle Powers Initiative (MPI), eight international non-governmental organizations (the Albert Schweitzer Foundation, Global Security Institute, International Association of Law- yers Against Nuclear Arms, International Network of Engineers and Scientists, International Peace Bureau, International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War, Nuclear Age Peace Foundation, and the Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom) are able to work primarily through “middle power” governments to encourage and educate the nuclear weapons states to take immediate practical steps that reduce nuclear dangers and commence negotia- tions to eliminate nuclear weapons. MPI is guided by an International Steering Committee, chaired by Ambassador Henrik Salander of Sweden. www.middlepowers.org ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This Middle Powers Initiative Briefing Paper was prepared by Dr. John Burroughs, Executive Director of the New York-based Lawyers Committee on Nuclear Policy (LCNP). LCNP is the UN office of the International Association of Lawyers Against Nuclear Arms. www.lcnp.org FOREWORD As we begin the pivotal year of 2010, the Middle Powers Initiative is pleased to be making its contribution by hosting the Atlanta Consultation III – Fulfilling the NPT - at the Carter Center in January, aimed at helping to ensure a positive and forward-looking outcome for the May Review Conference of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. -
Translating the Fault in Our Stars Tone and Intertextuality in Young Adult Literature
Translating The Fault in Our Stars Tone and intertextuality in young adult literature 17-7-2013 Debbie Hazeleger 3495841 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................................... 4 1. Young adult literature and John Green .................................................................................................................. 6 1.1. History of young adult literature in America ................................................................................................. 7 1.2. Defining young adult literature ....................................................................................................................... 10 1.2.1. Common Characteristics ................................................................................................................................ 12 1.3. Translation issues ................................................................................................................................................ 15 1.4. John Green ............................................................................................................................................................. 18 1.5. The Fault in Our Stars: Contextualization .................................................................................................... 20 1.5.1. Main characters and themes. ............................................................................................................... -
Title of Thesis: ABSTRACT CLASSIFYING BIAS
ABSTRACT Title of Thesis: CLASSIFYING BIAS IN LARGE MULTILINGUAL CORPORA VIA CROWDSOURCING AND TOPIC MODELING Team BIASES: Brianna Caljean, Katherine Calvert, Ashley Chang, Elliot Frank, Rosana Garay Jáuregui, Geoffrey Palo, Ryan Rinker, Gareth Weakly, Nicolette Wolfrey, William Zhang Thesis Directed By: Dr. David Zajic, Ph.D. Our project extends previous algorithmic approaches to finding bias in large text corpora. We used multilingual topic modeling to examine language-specific bias in the English, Spanish, and Russian versions of Wikipedia. In particular, we placed Spanish articles discussing the Cold War on a Russian-English viewpoint spectrum based on similarity in topic distribution. We then crowdsourced human annotations of Spanish Wikipedia articles for comparison to the topic model. Our hypothesis was that human annotators and topic modeling algorithms would provide correlated results for bias. However, that was not the case. Our annotators indicated that humans were more perceptive of sentiment in article text than topic distribution, which suggests that our classifier provides a different perspective on a text’s bias. CLASSIFYING BIAS IN LARGE MULTILINGUAL CORPORA VIA CROWDSOURCING AND TOPIC MODELING by Team BIASES: Brianna Caljean, Katherine Calvert, Ashley Chang, Elliot Frank, Rosana Garay Jáuregui, Geoffrey Palo, Ryan Rinker, Gareth Weakly, Nicolette Wolfrey, William Zhang Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Gemstone Honors Program, University of Maryland, 2018 Advisory Committee: Dr. David Zajic, Chair Dr. Brian Butler Dr. Marine Carpuat Dr. Melanie Kill Dr. Philip Resnik Mr. Ed Summers © Copyright by Team BIASES: Brianna Caljean, Katherine Calvert, Ashley Chang, Elliot Frank, Rosana Garay Jáuregui, Geoffrey Palo, Ryan Rinker, Gareth Weakly, Nicolette Wolfrey, William Zhang 2018 Acknowledgements We would like to express our sincerest gratitude to our mentor, Dr. -
New Evidence on the Korean War
176 COLD WAR INTERNATIONAL HISTORY PROJECT BULLETIN 11 New Evidence on the Korean War Editor’s note: The documents featured in this section of the Bulletin present new evidence on the allegations that the United States used bacteriological weapons during the Korean War. In the accompanying commentaries, historian Kathryn Weathersby and scientist Milton Leitenberg (University of Maryland) provide analysis, context and interpretation of these documents. Unlike other documents published in the Bulletin, these documents, first obtained and published (in Japanese) by the Japanese newspaper Sankei Shimbun, have not been authenticated by access to the archival originals (or even photocopies thereof). The documents were copied by hand in the Russian Presidential Archive in Moscow, then typed. Though both commentators believe them to be genuine based on textual analysis, questions about the authenticity of the documents, as the commentators note, will remain until the original documents become available in the archives. Copies of the typed transcription (in Russian) have been deposited at the National Security Archive, a non-governmental research institute and repository of declassified documents based at George Washington University (Gelman Library, Suite 701; 2130 H St., NW; Washington, DC 20037; tel: 202/994-7000; fax: 202/ 994-7005) and are accessible to researchers. CWIHP welcomes the discussion of these new findings and encourages the release of the originals and additional materials on the issue from Russian, Chinese, Korean and U.S. archives. Deceiving the Deceivers: Moscow, Beijing, Pyongyang, and the Allegations of Bacteriological Weapons Use in Korea By Kathryn Weathersby n January 1998 the Japanese newspaper Sankei raised by their irregular provenance? Their style and form Shimbun published excerpts from a collection of do not raise suspicion. -
Remembering the Cuban Missile Crisis: Should We Swallow Oral History? Author(S): Mark Kramer, Bruce J
Remembering the Cuban Missile Crisis: Should We Swallow Oral History? Author(s): Mark Kramer, Bruce J. Allyn, James G. Blight and David A. Welch Reviewed work(s): Source: International Security, Vol. 15, No. 1 (Summer, 1990), pp. 212-218 Published by: The MIT Press Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2538987 . Accessed: 18/09/2012 11:15 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. The MIT Press is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to International Security. http://www.jstor.org Correspondence MarkKramer Remembering the Cuban Missile Crisis: BruceJ. Allyn, Should We Swallow Oral History? JamesG. Blight,and DavidA. Welch To the Editors: Bruce Allyn, James Blight, and David Welch should be congratulatedfor a splendid review of some of the most importantfindings from their joint researchon the Cuban missile crisis, including the conferences they helped organize in Hawk's Cay, Cam- bridge, and Moscow.' They have performed an invaluable service for both historians and political scientists. Nevertheless, the research methodology that Allyn, Blight, and Welch (henceforth AB&W)have used is not without its drawbacks.Although their work has given us a much better understanding of the Americanside of the Cuban missile crisis, I am not sure we yet have a better understanding of the Soviet side. -
Statement on the Passing Away of the First High Commissioner on National Minorities, Max Van Der Stoel
PC.DEL/405/11 5 May 2011 Original: ENGLISH United States Mission to the OSCE Statement on the Passing Away of the First High Commissioner on National Minorities, Max van der Stoel As delivered by Chargé d’Affaires a. i. Carol Fuller to the Permanent Council, Vienna May 5, 2011 The United States would like to express its deep condolences to the family, friends, and colleagues of Max van der Stoel, who passed away on April 23, 2011, in The Hague. Max van der Stoel spent his life championing for the basic human rights of those who had been deprived of them. He set a high standard as the OSCE's first High Commissioner on National Minorities by effectively defending Roma, who he said faced discrimination across Europe; by mediating between combative Albanian and Macedonian communities; and by seeking to ease tensions in the Baltic countries — newly freed from the collapsed Soviet Union — with their ethnic Russian minorities. But he was much more than our first HCNM. As just one example, as the Netherlands’ foreign minister, he visited Prague in 1977, shortly after a band of "dissidents" had written and signed "Charter '77" which called for Czechoslovakia’s implementation of the 1975 Helsinki Final Act. He was struck by the courage of the dissidents. One day when he went back to his hotel, a member of Charter '77, Professor Jan Patocka, was waiting for him. Here was a foreign minister of a Western European democracy in effect recognizing an opposition movement to a Communist government. With the tape recorders rolling, he said a government was not allowed to interfere in the affairs of another state, but that the government of the Netherlands supported the implementation of the Helsinki Final Act in all respects and expected the government of Czechoslovakia to do the same. -
Rudy Kousbroek in De Essayistisch-Humanistische Traditie Z1291-Revisie2 HE22 07-11-17 16:06 Pagina 2 Z1291-Revisie2 HE22 07-11-17 16:06 Pagina 3
Z1291-revisie2_HE22 07-11-17 16:06 Pagina 1 Rudy Kousbroek in de essayistisch-humanistische traditie Z1291-revisie2_HE22 07-11-17 16:06 Pagina 2 Z1291-revisie2_HE22 07-11-17 16:06 Pagina 3 Rudy Schreijnders Rudy Kousbroek in de essayistisch-humanistische traditie Humanistisch Erfgoed 22 HUMANISTISCH HISTORISCH CENTRUM PAPIEREN TIJGER Z1291-revisie2_HE22 07-11-17 16:06 Pagina 4 Foto achterkant Op de achterflap van Terug naar Negri Pan Erkoms (Meulenhoff, 1995) staat een foto van Rudy Kousbroek, zwemmend in het Tobameer op Sumatra. Pauline Wesselink fotografeerde Rudy Schreijnders, bijna twintig jaar later, zwem- mend in hetzelfde meer. Vormgeving omslag: Marc Heijmans Boekverzorging: Zefier Tekstverwerking Drukwerk: Wöhrmann B.V. © Rudy Schreijnders © Stichting Uitgeverij Papieren Tijger ISBN 978 90 6728 334 2 NUR 715 Alle rechten voorbehouden. Niets uit deze uitgave mag worden verveelvoudigd, opgeslagen in een geautomatiseerd gegevensbestand, of openbaar gemaakt, in eni- ge vorm of op enige wijze, hetzij elektronisch, mechanisch, door fotokopie of op andere manier; zonder voorafgaande schriftelijke toestemming van de uitgever. www.uvh.nl/humanistisch-historisch-centrum www.papierentijger.org Z1291-revisie2_HE22 07-11-17 16:06 Pagina 5 Rudy Kousbroek in de essayistisch-humanistische traditie Rudy Kousbroek in the essayistic-humanist tradition (with a Summary in English) Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Universiteit voor Humanistiek te Utrecht op gezag van de Rector Magnificus, prof. dr. Gerty Lensvelt-Mulders ingevolge het besluit van het College voor Promoties in het openbaar te verdedigen op 20 december 2017 om 10.30 uur door Rudy Schreijnders geboren op 13 april 1950, te Amsterdam Z1291-revisie2_HE22 07-11-17 16:06 Pagina 6 Promotor: prof. -
7. Komitee Zuidelijk Afrika
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Aan de goede kant: Een geschiedenis van de Nederlandse anti- apartheidsbeweging 1960-1990 Muskens, R.W.A. Publication date 2013 Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Muskens, R. W. A. (2013). Aan de goede kant: Een geschiedenis van de Nederlandse anti- apartheidsbeweging 1960-1990. General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (https://dare.uva.nl) Download date:01 Oct 2021 7. Komitee Zuidelijk Afrika Inleiding In april 1959 richtten Sietse Bosgra en To van Albada Actie Informatie Algerije (AIA) op.1090 De aanleiding was hun ontzetting over de wandaden van de Fransen in hun Noord-Afrikaanse gebiedsdeel. Bosgra en de zijnen pakten de zaken voortvarend aan. Naast picket lines bij de Franse ambassade hield de Actie Informatie Algerije zich bezig met het vertalen van boeken en het schrijven van brochures over de anti-koloniale strijd in Algerije. -
De Liberale Opmars
ANDRÉ VERMEULEN Boom DE LIBERALE OPMARS André Vermeulen DE LIBERALE OPMARS 65 jaar v v d in de Tweede Kamer Boom Amsterdam De uitgever heeft getracht alle rechthebbenden van de illustraties te ach terhalen. Mocht u desondanks menen dat uw rechten niet zijn gehonoreerd, dan kunt u contact opnemen met Uitgeverij Boom. Behoudens de in of krachtens de Auteurswet van 1912 gestelde uitzonde ringen mag niets uit deze uitgave worden verveelvoudigd, opgeslagen in een geautomatiseerd gegevensbestand, of openbaar gemaakt, in enige vorm of op enige wijze, hetzij elektronisch, mechanisch door fotokopieën, opnamen of enig andere manier, zonder voorafgaande schriftelijke toestemming van de uitgever. No part ofthis book may be reproduced in any way whatsoever without the writtetj permission of the publisher. © 2013 André Vermeulen Omslag: Robin Stam Binnenwerk: Zeno isbn 978 90 895 3264 o nur 680 www. uitgeverij boom .nl INHOUD Vooraf 7 Het begin: 1948-1963 9 2 Groei en bloei: 1963-1982 55 3 Trammelant en terugval: 1982-1990 139 4 De gouden jaren: 1990-2002 209 5 Met vallen en opstaan terug naar de top: 2002-2013 De fractievoorzitters 319 Gesproken bronnen 321 Geraadpleegde literatuur 325 Namenregister 327 VOORAF e meeste mensen vinden politiek saai. De geschiedenis van een politieke partij moet dan wel helemaal slaapverwekkend zijn. Wie de politiek een beetje volgt, weet wel beter. Toch zijn veel boeken die politiek als onderwerp hebben inderdaad saai om te lezen. Uitgangspunt bij het boek dat u nu in handen hebt, was om de geschiedenis van de WD-fractie in de Tweede Kamer zodanig op te schrijven, dat het trekjes van een politieke thriller krijgt. -
Quoting at Random
Quoting at Random STATEMENTS ON THE TREATY ON THE NON PROLIFERATION OF NUCLEAR WEAPONS President Lyndon B. Johnson, UN-GA(XXII), 12 June 1968: "I believe that this Treaty can lead to further measures that will inhibit the senseless continuation of the arms race. I believe that it can give the world time — very precious time — to protect itself against Armageddon, and if my faith is well- founded, as I believe it is, then this Treaty will truly deserve to be recorded as the most important step towards peace since the founding of the United Nations." Mr. Alexei Kosygin, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, at the signing of NPT, 1 July 1968: "The participation by a large number of States today in signing the Treaty is convincing proof that mutually acceptable ways and means can be found by States for solving difficult international problems of vital importance for mankind as a whole. The drawing up of the Treaty has demanded great efforts and prolonged discussions in which States with differing social systems, nuclear and non-nuclear Powers, countries large and small, advanced and developing, have all taken part. The Treaty reflects the numerous suggestions and proposals put forward by different States and takes into account the differing points of view on solving the problem of non-proliferation, yet all the States which voted for it have agreed on the main point, namely the necessity of preventing proliferation of nuclear weapons." Prime Minister Harold Wilson, United Kingdom, at the signing of NPT, 1 July 1968: "This is not a Treaty for which just two or three countries are responsible.