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Finding Captain Swing: Protest, Parish Relations, and the State of the Public Mind in 1830
IRSH 54 (2009), pp. 429–458 doi:10.1017/S0020859009990332 r 2009 Internationaal Instituut voor Sociale Geschiedenis Finding Captain Swing: Protest, Parish Relations, and the State of the Public Mind in 1830 P ETER J ONES Department of History, Oxford Brookes University E-mail: [email protected] SUMMARY: From the 1950s to the 1970s, the study of English popular protest was dominated by the work of Eric Hobsbawm, George Rude´, and Edward Thompson, and it is no exaggeration to suggest that their combined approach became the standard against which all subsequent work was judged. It was seminal, innovative and crucial to the emergence of a new ‘‘history from below’’. But it was, to a degree, also formulaic: it relied on a trusted framework that historians have since struggled to deviate from. Through a detailed investigation of a set of dis- turbances in Berkshire, England during the so-called ‘‘Swing riots’’, this essay seeks to demonstrate that a continued reliance on this model can be seen to have stifled a more nuanced understanding of particular ‘‘moments’’ of protest in the locality, and in doing so it places a much greater emphasis on local social – and in particular, parochial – relations than has previously been the case. In sum, within the context of late-Hanoverian popular protest, this essay is a plea for a new ‘‘history from within’’ to supplement the (now venerable) tradition of ‘‘history from below’’. INTRODUCTION This year sees the fortieth anniversary of the publication of Eric Hobsbawm andGeorgeRude´’s wide-ranging study of agrarian protest, Captain Swing.1 It would not be unfair to suggest that in the intervening years, while a few historians have tinkered around the edges of the methodological and historiographical model it established, the template itself remains largely unmolested.2 But forty years is a long time in social history, and there are a number of reasons why this template would benefit from a fundamental reassessment. -
The Hidden Index of Hungerford Names and Places
The Hidden Index of Hungerford Names This alphabetical index of names was compiled over many years of research by Norman and Joyce Hidden. It comprises a number of notes and references that may prove of use to future researchers. The list includes about 1,500 names. Note the varied spelling of names in the medieval period. Transcribed by Dr Hugh Pihlens, 2014. Key to Abbreviations: BER Records at Reading University CR Close Rolls CUR Curia Regis Rolls DL Duchy of Lancaster records at National Archives FA Huntington nn Huntington microfilem number nn IPM Inquisition Post Mortem PL PR Patent Rolls (later Patent Register) PRM/PRB/PRC Parish Registers – Marriages / Burials / Christenings?? [Sometimes the call number at BRO or WRO is given] Abbessesometer, William 1313 PR Abbotestone, Thomas 1428 FA Abraham, John (49 Ed III) IPM Abyndon, Abbot of (6 Ric II) IPM; (20/21 H VII) IPM Achard, Sir Robert 1340 CR Achard, William 1208 CUR Ailgar/Aylgar/Elger, John 1359 (32 Ed III) IPM; aged 40, at Kintbury, on behalf of Polehampton; 1355 witness deed of Walter Hungerford (Hastings MS 1194); 1395 Prnct Deed B 1390 Ailmere, John 1400 CR Alan c1248 Bec Custumal (T/S p.3) Alden, Thomas born c1508; 1547 Lay subsidy Chilton Foliat (E179/197/244); 1578 DL4/20/53 and DL4/19/53 Deposition in Iremonger v Hidden, yeoman of Chilton, 70 yrs of age and servant to Sir Edward Darrell kt (d 1549) or Mrs Fortescue (who had a life interest in the Darrell estate after Sir Edward’s death); 1597 PCC will of Thomas Osmond “to Agnes Cannon my sister I give all goods that Thos Alden my grandfather gave me by deed of gift”. -
Appendices 1 and 2
West Berkshire District Council Rights of Way Improvement Plan APPENDIX 1 ACTION PLAN Key: PROW = ‘public right(s) of way’; WBC = ‘West Berkshire District Council’; AONB = ‘Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty’ An indication of cost of completion of each objective is given as such: £ Under £5000 ££ Between £5000 and £50,000 £££ Over £50,000 Rights of Way Improvement Plan (ROWIP) themes and objectives ROWIP Time scale Reduce, Risk Resources Funding reference for manage or source completion invest and scale (£) A well-maintained and safe access network Produce a strategy to reduce the instances of laying of unauthorized tarmacadam ROWIP 1 2008 Manage Low WBC Revenue surfaces on PROW and a policy to set out the District Council’s approach to £ tarmacadam on PROW. Carry out a complete condition survey of all Definitive PROW every five years. ROWIP 2 Ongoing Invest Medium WBC Revenue Volunteers Capital ££ ROWIP 2: additional data to be gathered will include: improvements needed to route marking; basic tree safety survey; disabled access audit; locations of signposts subject to fading or unauthorized alteration; checks on advisory notices e.g. restricted byways. Investigate the feasibility of a limited scheme to remunerate landowners for ROWIP 3 2009 Manage Medium WBC Revenue carrying out repair, maintenance and improvement works on PROW. Landowners Capital £ Implement measures to ensure that landowners maintain all hedges adjacent to ROWIP 4 2009 Manage Medium WBC Revenue PROW so as to prevent obstruction of PROW by overgrowth. Landowners £ Formally adopt the draft policy governing the maintenance of PROW used for ROWIP 5 2008 Manage Low WBC Revenue access to residential properties, farms and other private land or establishments. -
Berkshire to Botany Bay.Pdf
BERKSHIRE TO BOTANY BAY The 1830 Labourers' Revolt in Berkshire. Its Causes and Consequences. Norman E. Fox. B.A. Hons. (Reading). Published by: Littlefield Publishing (H.M & M.D.Weideli) 35 Bartlemy Road Newbury Berkshire RG14 6LD England ISBN 0 9526661 0 3 Dedicated to the memory of "Captain" William Smith (alias Winterbourn) - The very first of the "Victims of Whiggery", hanged 11th January, 1831. - and to all those who have suffered in the continuing struggle to achieve the Right to Work at a decent wage. --------------------------- The headstone on the opposite page William Winterbourn's grave, which was erected by the Rev. F.C.Fowle, Vicar of Kintbury, who, in a belated act of atonement, arranged for Winterbourn's body to be brought to Kintbury church yard and buried there. Cover Illustrations Permission to use the illustration of "Newbury from the South", which one source gives as "c. 1830", was kindly given by Mr. Tony Higgott, Curator of Newbury District Museum. Permission to use the drawing of Sydney, which is dated some time in the decade prior to the arrival of the Berkshire men, was kindly given by Ms. Jennifer Broomhead, Copyright and Permissions Librarian, of the Mitchell Library, State Library of New South Wales. CONTENTS Acknowledgements. Introduction. PART I. BERKSHIRE. 1. DISTRESS AND CONSEQUENT DESPAIR. (The Causes of the Revolt.) Beer, Contagion and Drab Great-coats. Violent Tracts and Seditious Preachers. Game Laws. Genuine Distress or Mere Embarrassment. Wicked Men and their Infernal Machines. Wild Geese and Northern Lights. Conclusion. 2. NOW IS OUR TIME. 3. SEVERITY IS THE ONLY REMEDY. -
Wallingtons Kintbury
WALLINGTONS KINTBURY (St. Cassian's Centre) A History of the House and Estate and the Families who have lived here Brother Anthony Porter 2008 Contents Contents ....................................................................................................................... i Introduction .................................................................................................................. ii Wallingtons (up to 1652) ............................................................................................. 1 The Hayne Family (1652 – 1726) ............................................................................... 6 The Dixon and Johnson Families (1726 – 1859) ...................................................... 11 The Dunn Family (1859 – 1912) ............................................................................... 27 The Gladstone Family (1912 – 1946) ....................................................................... 46 The De La Salle Brothers (1946 to the present) ....................................................... 52 Glossary ................................................................................................................... 55 Summary of the Owners and Occupiers of Wallingtons ........................................... 56 Chronology of Wallingtons and its Families .............................................................. 58 Index ......................................................................................................................... 60 i Introduction -
Agricultural History Review Volume 54 Part I 2006
the agricultural history review history the agricultural contents the The Bishop and the Prior: demesne agriculture in medieval Hampshire john hare agricultural Scottish environmental history and the (mis)use of Soums alasdair ross history The case of John Dyer’s fat-tailed sheep and their tail-trolleys: ‘a thing to some scarce credible’ john goodridge review Parliamentary enclosure and changes in landownership in an upland environment: Westmorland, c.1770–1860 ian whyte 54 volume Farewell to the peasant republic: marginal rural communities and European industrialisation, 1815–1990 fernando collantes Farm service, seasonal unemployment and casual labour ii part in mid nineteenth-century England nigel goose Smallholdings in Norfolk, 1890–1950: a social and farming experiment susanna wade martins Children’s labour in the countryside during World War II: a further note a journal of agricultural r. j. moore-colyer and rural history Obituaries Book Reviews Conference Report 2006 Volume 54, Part I issn 0002-1490 2006 The Agricultural History Review Volume 54 Part I 2006 CONTENTS Assarting and the dynamics of Rhineland economies in the 1 ninth century: Scarae at Werden, Weissenburg and Prüm Abbeys Between fact and fiction: Henry Brinklow’s Complaynt against 24 rapacious landlords The circulation of Scottish agricultural books during 45 the eighteenth century Female agricultural labour on the Dixon Estate, Lincolnshire, . 79 1801–17 Agricultural workers in mid nineteenth-century Brighton . 93 From ideals to reality: The women’s smallholding colony 105 at Lingfield, 1920–39 The development of irrigated agriculture in twentieth-century 122 Spain: a case study of the Ebro basin Annual list of publications on Agrarian History, 2004 142 Book Reviews David Stone, Decision-making in medieval agriculture .