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Mites (Acari) of the Shores of Forest Lakes and Ponds in Northern Poland with Species Analysis of Oribatida

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Mites (Acari) of the Shores of Forest Lakes and Ponds in Northern Poland with Species Analysis of Oribatida UNIWERSYTET TECHNOLOGICZNO-PRZYRODNICZY IM. JANA I JÊDRZEJA ŒNIADECKICH W BYDGOSZCZY ROZPRAWY NR 150 Anna Seniczak MITES (ACARI) OF THE SHORES OF FOREST LAKES AND PONDS IN NORTHERN POLAND, WITH SPECIES ANALYSIS OF ORIBATIDA BYDGOSZCZ – 2011 REDAKTOR NACZELNY prof. dr hab. in¿. Janusz Prusiñski REDAKTOR DZIA£OWY dr hab. in¿. Jerzy Nowachowicz, prof. UTP OPINIODAWCY prof. dr hab. Jan Boczek, dr h.c. multi prof. dr Roy A. Norton OPRACOWANIE TECHNICZNE in¿. Edward Go³ata © Copyright Wydawnictwa Uczelniane Uniwersytetu Technologiczno-Przyrodniczego Bydgoszcz 2011 Praca powsta³a przy wsparciu projektu „Realizacja II etapu Regionalnego Centrum Innowacyjnoœci” wspó³finansowanego ze œrodków Europejskiego Funduszu Rozwoju Regionalnego w ramach Regionalnego Programu Operacyjnego Województwa Kujawsko-Pomorskiego na lata 2007-2013 ISSN 0209-0597 Wydawnictwa Uczelniane Uniwersytetu Technologiczno-Przyrodniczego ul. Ks. A. Kordeckiego 20, 85-225 Bydgoszcz, tel. 52 3749482, 3749426 e-mail: [email protected] http://www.wu.utp.edu.pl Wyd. I. Nak³ad 120 egz. Ark. aut. 14.5. Ark. druk. 14,5. Zamówienie nr 2/2011 Oddano do druku i druk ukoñczono w maju 2011 r. Uczelniany Zak³ad Ma³ej Poligrafii UTP Bydgoszcz, ul. Ks. A. Kordeckiego 20 3 C o n t e n t s 1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................ 6 2. LITERATURE REVIEW ........................................................................... 11 2.1. Some definitions ................................................................................. 11 2.2. Types of peatlands, their role and importance .................................... 12 2.3. Mites in aquatic and semi-aquatic habitats ......................................... 14 2.3.1. General background .................................................................. 14 2.3.2. Faunistic and ecological studies of Oribatida in bogs and other wetlands .................................................................... 18 3. STUDY AREA ........................................................................................... 21 3.1. Lakes and ponds in bogs of Tuchola Forest ........................................ 21 3.1.1. Jezioro àyse .............................................................................. 21 3.1.2. Dury .......................................................................................... 25 3.1.3. Martwe ...................................................................................... 29 3.1.4. Jeziorka Kozie .......................................................................... 32 3.2. Other lakes and ponds ......................................................................... 35 3.2.1. Forest ponds near Pruszcz Bagienica ....................................... 35 3.2.2. Bagno Chlebowo ...................................................................... 40 3.2.3. Okonek ..................................................................................... 42 3.2.4. StrĊszek ..................................................................................... 45 3.2.5. Kurze GrzĊdy ............................................................................ 47 4. METHODS ................................................................................................. 51 4.1. Water analyses .................................................................................... 51 4.2. Investigation of mites .......................................................................... 51 5. RESULTS .................................................................................................... 55 5.1. Ecological studies ............................................................................... 55 5.1.1. Water parameters ...................................................................... 55 5.1.2. The mites at shores of lakes and ponds in bogs of Tuchola Forest ...................................................................... 55 5.1.2.1. Abundance of groups and richness of Oribatida ......... 55 5.1.2.2. Species composition and dominance structure of Oribatida ................................................................. 58 5.1.2.3. Age structure of Oribatida ........................................... 68 5.1.3. Seasonal dynamics of mites ...................................................... 68 5.1.3.1. Abundance of groups and richness of Oribatida ......... 68 5.1.3.2. Species composition and dominance structure of Oribatida ................................................................. 70 5.1.3.3. Age structure of Oribatida ........................................... 78 4 5.1.4. Ecotone between the water’s edge of lake M and bog ............. 89 5.1.4.1. Abundance of groups and richness of Oribatida ......... 89 5.1.4.2. Species composition and dominance structure of Oribatida ................................................................. 90 5.1.4.3. Age structure of Oribatida ............................................ 90 5.1.5. Other lakes and ponds ................................................................. 90 5.1.5.1. Abundance of groups and richness of Oribatida .......... 90 5.1.5.2. Species composition and dominance structure of Oribatida .................................................................. 96 5.1.5.3. Age structure of Oribatida .......................................... 103 5.1.6. Preferences of Oribatida to lake and pond shores .................... 110 5.2. Key to identification of larvae and nymphs of some aquatic and semi-aquatic oribatid species ...................................................... 112 6. ECOLOGY OF SELECTED ORIBATID SPECIES ................................ 131 6.1. Hoplophthiracarus illinoisensis (Ewing, 1909) .............................. 131 6.2. Malaconothrus monodactylus (Michael, 1888) ............................... 131 6.3. Trimalaconothrus angulatus Willmann, 1931 ................................ 134 6.4. Trimalaconothrus foveolatus Willmann, 1931 ................................ 134 6.5. Trimalaconothrus maior (Berlese, 1910) ........................................ 136 6.6. Trimalaconothrus vietsi (Willmann, 1925) ..................................... 139 6.7. Trhypochthonius nigricans Willmann, 1928 ................................... 140 6.8. Trhypochthoniellus longisetus (Berlese, 1904) ............................... 142 6.9. Metabelba sphagni Strenzke, 1950 ................................................. 145 6.10. Hydrozetes confervae (Schrank, 1781) ........................................... 146 6.11. Hydrozetes lacustris (Michael, 1882) ............................................. 148 6.12. Hydrozetes lemnae (Coggi, 1897) ................................................... 150 6.13. Hydrozetes longisetosus S. Seniczak & A. Seniczak, 2009 ............ 153 6.14. Hydrozetes octosetosus Willmann, 1932 ......................................... 154 6.15. Hydrozetes thienemanni, Strenzke, 1943 ........................................ 155 6.16. Limnozetes ciliatus (Schrank, 1803) ............................................... 157 6.17. Limnozetes foveolatus Willmann, 1939 ........................................... 160 6.18. Limnozetes guyi Behan-Pelletier, 1989 ........................................... 163 6.19. Limnozetes lustrum Behan-Pelletier, 1989 ...................................... 163 6.20. Limnozetes rugosus (Sellnick, 1923) ............................................... 164 6.21. Eupelops hygrophilus (Knülle, 1954) ............................................. 168 6.22. Pilogalumna tenuiclava (Berlese, 1908) ......................................... 169 6.23. Heterozetes palustris (Willmann, 1917) ......................................... 172 6.24. Zetomimus furcatus (Warburton & Pearce, 1905) ........................... 174 6.25. Punctoribates sellnicki Willmann, 1928 ......................................... 176 5 7. DISCUSSION ............................................................................................ 179 7.1. Water parameters ............................................................................... 179 7.2. The mites at shores of lakes and ponds in bogs of Tuchola Forest .... 180 7.3. The mites at shores of other lakes and ponds ..................................... 182 7.4. Seasonal dynamics of Oribatida ......................................................... 184 7.5. Mites of the ecotone between the water’s edge and bog .................... 185 7.6. Preferences of Oribatida to lake and pond shores .............................. 187 8. CONCLUSIONS ....................................................................................... 190 REFERENCES .......................................................................................... 192 SUMMARY .............................................................................................. 223 STRESZCZENIE ....................................................................................... 226 6 1. INTRODUCTION Forest lakes and ponds constitute ‘environmental islands’ within forests, with specific vegetation, flora and fauna (Waldon 2002), and are important components of the landscape that contributing considerably to landscape biodiversity. They are particularly important in the Tuchola Forest, in northern Poland, where large areas are overgrown by Scots pine monocultures. They were commonly planted at the end of the XIX century and in the first decades of the XX century, when Scots pine was supported by the wood industry, and was a good source
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