Technique for Marine Aquariums
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
A Small Central Filtration System for Killifish Kribs in My Krib!
Fish Tales Volume 8 Issue 2 Everyone Likes Turtles Kribs in my Krib! Do Some Writing! Handling Aquarium A Small Central Filtration Society History System for Killifish Fish Tales - 1 In this issue: 3 President’s Message Greg Steeves 3 FOTAS CARES Greg Steeves 4 Do Some Writing Greg Steeves Volume 8 Issue 2 The FOTAS Fish Tales is a quarterly publication of the Federation of Texas Aquarium Societies, a non-profit 7 A Small Central Filter System for organization. The views and opinions contained within are Killifish not necessarily those of the editors and/or the officers and Susan Robinson members of the Federation of Texas Aquarium Societies. FOTAS Fish Tales Editor: Gerald Griffin [email protected] 9 Kribs in my Krib! Valaree Baker Fish Tales Submission Guidelines Articles: Please submit all articles in electronic form. We can accept 12 Everyone Likes Turtles! most popular software formats and fonts. Email to herp- Denny Rogers [email protected]. Photos and graphics are encouraged with your articles! Please remember to include the photo/graphic credits. Graphics and photo files may be submitted in any format, however uncompressed TIFF, JPEG or vector for- 16 Handling Aquarium Society His- mat is preferred, at the highest resolution/file size possible. tory If you need help with graphics files or your file is too large to email, please contact me for alternative submission info. Gerald Griffin Art Submission: Graphics and photo files may be submitted in any format. However, uncompressed TIFF, JPEG or vector formats are 17 Aquarium Societies of the Lone preferred. Please submit the highest resolution possible. -
Back to Nature Natural Reef Aquarium Methodology by Mike Paletta (Aquarium USA 2000 Annual)
Back To Nature Natural Reef Aquarium Methodology by Mike Paletta (Aquarium USA 2000 annual) The reef hobby, that part of the aquarium hobby that has arguably experienced the most change, is ironically also an example of the axiom that the more things change the more they remain the same. During the past 10 years we have seen almost constant change in reefkeeping practices, and, in many instances, complete reversal of opinions as to which techniques or practices are the best. We have gone from not feeding our corals directly to feeding them, from using some type of substrate to none at all and then back again, and, finally, we have run the full gamut from using a lot of technology to little or none. It is this last change, commonly referred to as the "back to nature" or natural approach, that many hobbyists are now choosing to follow. Advocates of natural methodologies have been around since the 1960s, when the first "reefkeeper," Lee Chin Eng, initiated many of the concepts and techniques that are fundamental to successful reefkeeping. Mr. Eng lived near the ocean in Indonesia and used many of the materials that were readily available to him from this source. "Living stones," which have come to be known as live rock, were used in his systems as the main source of biological filtration. He also used natural seawater and changed it on a regular basis. His tanks were situated so they would receive several hours of direct sunlight each day, which kept them well illuminated. The only technology he used was a small air pump, which bubbled slowly into the tank. -
AC Spring 2006
13 American Currents Vol. 32, No. 2 System Design for the Ultimate Native Fish Aquarium Todd D. Crail 2348 Sherwood, Toledo, OH 43614, [email protected] Photos by the author. have a problem. I live in the central-east portion of that subterminal-mouthed species such as greenside darter North America where we share space with part of the (Etheostoma blennioides) and banded darter (E. zonale) are most diverse temperate fish fauna in the world. I know difficult to keep in robust shape in the presence of other fishes. I where they are and I spend most of my free time looking In addition, I was continually servicing their aquariums to at them in the field. I’ve also discovered how easily many of account for the excess nutrients and nitrogen that came from these beautiful animals can be kept in aquaria, where I further the heavier feedings needed to maintain even mediocre enjoy their beauty and learn more about their equally diverse robustness. (Since other fishkeepers told me success with habits, life histories and inter-species interactions. suckers in aquaria could be described as “dismal” at best, I How is this a problem? It’s a problem because I have only overlooked this family despite my fanatical interest in them.) so many aquariums and a finite amount of space to devote to In 1999, I caught the reefkeeping bug and left native these fishes! fishes to explore the ecology of the reef tank promoted by Ron In the following paragraphs, I share my experiences and Shimek, Eric Borneman and Rob Toonen on the reefkeeping the lessons I’ve learned solving this “problem,” explain the e-mail lists and, eventually, in hobbyist books. -
A Critical Comparison of ATS, Berlin, and Jaubert Methods of Aquarium
All images and data are copyrighted to Eric Borneman or used by permission from contributors. No information can be reproduced without express written permission Is there an ideal method? Eric Borneman University of Houston Department of Biology and Biochemistry The Real Thing – What is a Coral Reef? Characteristics: 1. Highly oligotrophic waters 2. High irradiance 3. Warm temperature 4. Very high species diversity 5. Habitat specialization/commensal and symbiotic relations 6. Adjacent community interaction 7. High rates of productivity 8. High rates of calcification 9. Dominated by turf and crustose algae, highly grazed 10. Variable percentage of coral coverage Coral Reefs = Deserts + Rainforests Organisms are specifically adapted to take advantage of low nutrient availability and high competition Individually, they would all take more food Together, if all had more food, the system would shift or collapse Environmental Averages and Extremes for Reef Sites (after Kleypas et al. 1999) Variable Minimum Maximum Average SD Temperature (oC) Average 21.0 29.5 27.6 1.1 Minimum 16.0 28.2 24.8 1.8 Maximum 24.7 34.4 30.2 0.6 Salinity (PSU) Minimum 23.3 40.0 34.3 1.2 Maximum 31.2 41.8 35.3 0.9 Nutrients (µmol L-1) NO3 0.00 3.34 0.25 0.28 PO4 0.00 0.54 0.13 0.08 Physico-chemical Environmental and Potentially Limiting Variables (after Kleypas, et al., 1999) Variable Reef Limits Time scale Temperature (oC) 18 annual minima Salinity (PSU) 25-42 continuous Light (µE m-2 s-1) 30-40% SSI (300-500PAR) limits reefs 10% SSI (100-180PAR) limits corals Nutrients (µmol l-1) NO3 0.5-3.0 PO4 0.1 - 2.0 Mangrove development While mangroves are often associated with coral reefs, they are extensive terrestrial and coastal elements most often influencing terrestrial runoff to reefs. -
Housing, Husbandry and Welfare of a “Classic” Fish Model, the Paradise Fish (Macropodus Opercularis)
animals Article Housing, Husbandry and Welfare of a “Classic” Fish Model, the Paradise Fish (Macropodus opercularis) Anita Rácz 1,* ,Gábor Adorján 2, Erika Fodor 1, Boglárka Sellyei 3, Mohammed Tolba 4, Ádám Miklósi 5 and Máté Varga 1,* 1 Department of Genetics, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; [email protected] 2 Budapest Zoo, Állatkerti krt. 6-12, H-1146 Budapest, Hungary; [email protected] 3 Fish Pathology and Parasitology Team, Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungária krt. 21, 1143 Budapest, Hungary; [email protected] 4 Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Helwan 11795, Egypt; [email protected] 5 Department of Ethology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] (A.R.); [email protected] (M.V.) Simple Summary: Paradise fish (Macropodus opercularis) has been a favored subject of behavioral research during the last decades of the 20th century. Lately, however, with a massively expanding genetic toolkit and a well annotated, fully sequenced genome, zebrafish (Danio rerio) became a central model of recent behavioral research. But, as the zebrafish behavioral repertoire is less complex than that of the paradise fish, the focus on zebrafish is a compromise. With the advent of novel methodologies, we think it is time to bring back paradise fish and develop it into a modern model of Citation: Rácz, A.; Adorján, G.; behavioral and evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo) studies. The first step is to define the Fodor, E.; Sellyei, B.; Tolba, M.; housing and husbandry conditions that can make a paradise fish a relevant and trustworthy model. -
Text Transformation K Text Statistics K Parsing Documents K Information Extraction K Link Analysis
Chapter IR:III III. Text Transformation q Text Statistics q Parsing Documents q Information Extraction q Link Analysis IR:III-25 Text Transformation © HAGEN/POTTHAST/STEIN 2018 Parsing Documents Retrieval Unit The atomic unit of retrieval of a search engine is typically a document. Relation between documents and files: q One file, one document. Examples: web page, PDF, Word file. q One file, many documents. Examples: archive files, email threads and attachments, Sammelbände. q Many files, one document. Examples: web-based slide decks, paginated web pages, e.g., forum threads. Dependent on the search domain, a retrieval unit may be defined different from what is commonly considered a document: q One document, many units. Examples: comments, reviews, discussion posts, arguments, chapters, sentences, words, etc. IR:III-26 Text Transformation © HAGEN/POTTHAST/STEIN 2018 Parsing Documents Index Term Documents and queries are preprocessed into sets of normalized index terms. Lemma- tization Stop word Index Plain text Tokenization extraction removal terms Stemming The primary goal of preprocessing is to unify the vocabularies of documents and queries. Each preprocessing step is a heuristic to increase the likelihood of semantic matches while minimizing spurious matches. A secondary goal of preprocessing is to create supplemental index terms to improve retrieval performance, e.g., for documents that do not posses many of their own. IR:III-27 Text Transformation © HAGEN/POTTHAST/STEIN 2018 Parsing Documents Document Structure and Markup The most common document format for web search engines is HTML. Non-HTML documents are converted to HTML documents for a unified processing pipeline. Index terms are obtained from URLs and HTML markup. -
P1000 Trickle Filter
P1000 TRICKLE FILTER The P1000 is the perfect filter for systems up to 100 gallons. With all the same features of our larger units, the P1000 filter’s better performance and higher quality place it at the top of its class. The filter is designed for use with submersible pumps such as the Danner Mag Drive Series. The unique pre-filter over the drip plate is suspended above the drain holes to prevent clogging. The drip plate has a safety overflow port and is deep enough for chemical media, in addition to the proprietary pre-filter pads supplied. The white Sintra® lid over the drip plate helps silence the unit. Clear acrylic lids are optional. The AquaLifeBio media with its higher void space and sweep- ing surfaces far outperform other media. The unit’s secondary sponge filter can be placed beneath the media for conserving sump space, in the sump area using the partition wall, or in the sump with carbon above it for draining a protein skimmer, like the Model 22V. For heavily loaded systems or for just increasing the filtration capacity of the filter, a second sponge can be added giving the unit an unmatched dual sponge post filter configuration. With easy hook up and installation, this Aquarium Life Support Systems filter is unrivaled quality and superior performance at an economical price from a company you can count on. Like all of our filters, the P1000 is constructed from the 1/4” cast acrylic with the superior design, workmanship and features our customers have come to expect, and are backed up with a Lifetime Warranty. -
REEF PRO Brochure
Aquarium As hobbyists, with each new aquarium that we own we learn how to identify and improve small 1. Crystal clear, braceless aquarium with fully polished edges to details in the design and incorporate these ideas into our next “perfect system”. provide an unimpeded view of your own personal reef. Balanced width to height ratio to enhance viewing, With the D-D Reef-Pro Aquarium we have taken decades of continuous improvements and incorporated them into our own version aquascaping and ease of coral placement. of the “perfect systemised aquarium”, affordable and suitable for both beginners or advanced aquarists. 6 The flexible design provides an easy to use robust system that can be tailored to suit even the most demanding aquarist and 2. Unique “Invisible weir box” design which disappears includes all of the essential features required for keeping a successful aquarium. into the back of the aquarium. 5 By making the tank wider than it is tall we create a more balanced aspect ratio which greatly enhances the viewing experience, 3 3. Multi-stage weir design provides a high turnover allowing easier and more natural aquascaping and coral placement. It takes years of experience to create 1 rate in the tank whilst minimising drain down levels in 2 a power loss situation. Special “Ultra-Flow” weir comb allows 30-50% more Filter Sump the perfect aquarium design water through, so that larger pumps can be used. Our “Dual flow “ multi chamber sump is compatible with most current reefkeeping methodologies. if you want to skim before or after 4. Twin overflow pipes with an adjustable valve the refugium then this sump design is flexible enough to offerssafe and whisper quiet operation. -
Red Sea Max Nano Manual
MAX® NANO Installation and Operation Manual Cabinet Installation Guide Podium Installation Guide AI Prime HD LED Manual ® PRINTING INSTRUCTIONS To print only the Installation and Operation Manual, print pages 2-25. Red Sea MAX®NANO Complete Plug & Play® Open Top Reef System Installation and Operation Manual ENG Red Sea MAX®NANO Complete Plug & Play® Open Top Reef System Installation and Operation Manual 1 Red Sea MAX® NANO MAX® NANO Installation & Operation Manual Safety .....................................................................4 Location ..................................................................5 Unpacking the MAX® NANO ...................................6 Components ...........................................................7 Assembly ................................................................8 Installation of Rear Sump Components ........................9 Installation of Automatic Top-Off ..........................13 Installation of LED Modules ...........................................14 Operation of Pump Switch-box ..............................15 LED Set up and programming ................................16 Initial Fill .................................................................17 Operation of the Protein Skimmer ........................17 General Aquarium Maintenance ............................18 Trouble shooting ....................................................20 Warranty .................................................................22 2 ENG Congratulations on your purchase of the Red Sea MAX® -
Download Fishlore.Com's Saltwater Aquarium and Reef Tank E-Book
Updated: August 6, 2013 This e-Book is FREE for public use. Commercial use prohibited. Copyright FishLore.com – providing tropical fish tank and aquarium fish information for freshwater fish and saltwater fish keepers. FishLore.com Saltwater Aquarium & Reef Tank e-Book 1 CONTENTS Foreword .......................................................................................................................................... 10 Why Set Up an Aquarium? .............................................................................................................. 12 Aquarium Types ............................................................................................................................... 14 Aquarium Electrical Safety ............................................................................................................... 15 Aquarium Fish Cruelty Through Ignorance ..................................................................................... 17 The Aquarium Nitrogen Cycle ......................................................................................................... 19 Aquarium Filter and Fish Tank Filtration ......................................................................................... 24 Saltwater Aquarium Types - FOWLR, Fish Only with Live Rock, Reef Tank .................................... 30 Freshwater Aquarium vs. Saltwater Aquarium ............................................................................... 33 Saltwater Aquarium Tank Setup Guide .......................................................................................... -
Greetings….And Salutations! Looking Back …
Greetings….and salutations! This club has exploded! With the expansion in members it has become increasingly difficult to meet the needs of all the various members. However, this growth has also allowed us to bring in more guest speakers, have a great BBQ and it puts us in a position to have an astounding first. The Reef Tour this year is FREE! That’s right, never before have we not asked for a minimal donation to support the club and the Reef Tour. Keep your eyes posted to your emails and the message board. If you are new to the club, or the hobby you will undoubtedly find other members with larger tanks. So what did we do…we looked for information on those tanks. Sit back and enjoy! Looking Back … By: Shane Heil Shortly after my wife and I married, her parents came to visit and brought a small load of her childhood treasures. I looked through the box with little interest until I happened onto a small fish tank. I didn’t really know what I was looking at but my wife was more than happy to explain. If she had known then what that five gallon aquarium would lead to I’m sure she would have kept her mouth shut. But, as fate would have it, she didn’t and we set up our first aquarium that night. Our first attempt at aquatic life was not fish, but rather a small snapping turtle. I was fascinated watching the turtle hunt and eat goldfish. I also found myself spending more and more time staring at fish at the local fish store. -
(Pdf) Download
The Journal of the Norwalk Aquarium Society Volume 51, Issue 2 March - April 2001 Dues are due! and shiners, as well as various gamefish Please remember that March is the species. Since this date is free fishing day in cut-off date of the grace period. Connecticut, anyone can fish without a Don't miss a single issue of license, so if you want to bring a fishing rod The Wet Pet Gazette. feel free to do so. Further details will be Any questions, please call Anne forthcoming. Broadmeyer at (203) 775-0030. The Board of Directors has been trying to come up with ideas for new events to enhance the social aspect of the club. The collecting trip and bus trip are two such events. Lately, The View we have been discussing bringing in big name speakers and combining it with a pot luck From Up-front dinner to make a full night of it. This type of event would be held on a Friday or Saturday by Kenneth Balog, President night so families can participate more easily Norwalk Aquarium Society rather than our usual Thursday meeting night. As always, your thoughts and ideas are welcome, so please let us know what you I would like to start this month’s column by think. thanking everyone for their efforts to make our benefit auction for the Nature Center a Lastly, I would like to remind everyone that success. All told, we managed to raise our March meeting is the final deadline for $1200.00 for the Nature Center and a good our NAS logo clothing order.