MANUS, MORTARS and the KAVA CONCOCTION Wal Ambrose
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Grinding Stone to Art Object: Medicine As Well As in the Preparation of Food by Primitive Man
Grinding Stone to Art Object: medicine as well as in the preparation of food by primitive man. The antiquity of these devices is well Mortar ('morte(r)) The Mortar and Pestle documented in early writings, such as the Egyptian Seems to derive from the Old French mortier; the Latin from the Renaissance to the Present "Papyrus Ebers" of c. 1550 B.C.E. (the oldest preserved mortarium is of obscure origin, though as early as the Michael J. Brody medical manuscript) and the Old Testament (Numbers fourteenth century it referred to both crushed drugs and 11:8 and Proverbs 27:22). a vessel in which substances were mixed, ground, or As the Director and Curator of the Marvin Samson pounded. Center for the History of Pharmacy at University of the Whether improvised from nature to be used primarily as Sciences in Philadelphia (USP), it gives me great pleasure grinding stones [no. 28] or designed, fabricated, and to present a selection of some of the most interesting Pestle ('pεs(e)l, 'pεst(e)l) decorated to a degree that merits status as veritable art mortar and pestle sets from our collections. It is only Can be traced back to the thirteenth-century Old French objects [nos. 7, 8, 12, 18], mortars are found in every fitting that USP, founded in 1821 as the College of pestel, from the Latin pistillum, for pounder, which corner of the earth. Their users include members of Apothecaries (notably the western hemisphere's first derived from pinsere, to pound, bray, or crush. isolated tribes, professional and household cooks, school of pharmacy), should maintain important students, scientists, and pharmacists. -
Seeds of Hope
Seeds of hope CARITAS STATE OF THE ENVIRONMENT FOR OCEANIA 2019 REPORT CARITAS Teruabine Anna Nuariki from Kiribati Climate Action Network: “Mangroves are our giants – they protect our land from erosion. We have to plant because that will solve our problem … it can help to stop the tide and the strong waves from coming, that will help to lessen it and to hold our sand.” Contents Introduction 1 Coastal erosion and sea level rise 12 Caritas Oceania environmental monitoring 3 Offshore mining and drilling 14 Oceania voices 2019 – on the map 4 Climate finance 16 Caritas assessment 2019 6 Extreme weather and climate finance tables 18 Extreme weather 8 Conclusion and recommendations 19 Food and water 10 The last word – from the past to the future 20 Tutū ana te puehu Stirring up the dust Introduction The Caritas State of the Environment for Oceania report series has monitored critical issues affecting the life and wellbeing of Oceania and its peoples since 2014. The five main issues we monitor are: rising seas and coastal erosion, extreme weather, access to safe local food and water, offshore mining and drilling, and climate finance. For the life of Oceania, we continue Let us all climb aboard to call for urgent action to limit the same canoe global warming to 1.5 degrees, and and together seek a climate finance to assist our poorest better world, with the communities. This target is imperative constantly renewed for survival in Oceania. momentum of the The climate emergency hit the mainstream in 2019. Local and national Holy Spirit. -
BIBLIOGRAPHY Research Bibliography of Alcohol and Kava
BIBLIOGRAPHY Research Bibliography of Alcohol and Kava Studies in Oceania: Update and Additional Items PAUL FREUND an d MAC MARSHALL Deparlme11/ of A111hropo/ogy, U11ii>ersilyof Iowa, Iowa Cily, Iowa 52242 Marshall (1974) recently compiled a bibliography of research dealing with alcohol and kava use in the Pacific Islands consisting of 70 separate items divided more or less equally between alcohol and kava studies . Scholars familiar with the Pacific know that the preparation and consumption of kava by Pac ific Islanders ha s caught the attention of outsiders for a long time and this fact is made apparent by the additional bibliography on alcohol and kava in Oceania provided below . Fully 63 of the 84 new items concern kava and a substantial number of these date from the nineteenth century . Six of the items listed below are updates of work mentioned in the l 974 compilation (e.g., papers read at professional meetings that st1bsequently have been published) . Since much of the kava literature appears in languages other than English , we have provided translations of titles not readily comprehensible to persons unfamiliar with the language in question. References Cited Anonymous. 1954. No drinking permit s yet for Pap ua-New Guinea native s. Pac ific .Island s Monthly 24 (24): .17. .1955 . Decision on native liquor permit s deferred. Pacific Isl a nds Monthl y 25 (9) : 25. [956. Supply of liquor to New Guinea natives. South Pacific 8 ( l0): 209-21 J. Baldi, D. 1890. Sulle proprieta farmacologiche de! Piper me1hys1ict1111(Kawa-Kawa) . [On the pharmacological propertie s of Piper melhys lic1,111(Kawa-Kawa).) Terapi a Modern a [Rome] 4 : 359-364. -
Changing Patterns of Discard and Re-Use of Ground Stone Tools in Middle Bronze Age Cyprus
sustainability Article How Rocks Die: Changing Patterns of Discard and Re-Use of Ground Stone Tools in Middle Bronze Age Cyprus Andrew McCarthy School of History Classics and Archaeology, University of Edinburgh, William Robertson Wing Old Medical School, 4 Teviot Pl, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, UK; [email protected] Received: 31 August 2020; Accepted: 10 October 2020; Published: 26 October 2020 Abstract: Cultural objects are thought to have a lifespan. From selection, through construction, use, destruction, and discard, materials do not normally last forever, transforming through stages of life, eventually leading to their death. The materiality of stone objects, however, can defy the inevitable demise of an object, especially durable ground stone tools that can outlive generations of human lifespans. How groups of people deal with the relative permanence of stone tools depends on their own relationship with the past, and whether they venerate it or reject its influence on the present. A case study from the long-lived site of Prasteio-Mesorotsos in Cyprus demonstrates a shifting attitude toward ground stone objects, from the socially conservative habit of ritually killing of objects and burying them, to one of more casual re-use and reinterpretation of ground stone. This shift in attitude coincides with a socio-political change that eventually led to the ultimate rejection of the past: complete abandonment of the settlement. Keywords: Cyprus; prehistory; ground stone; materiality; social conservatism 1. Introduction We have learned from Leroi-Gourhan [1], Lemmonier [2], and others [3] that objects have lifespans, but what about objects whose material qualities make them immortal? While stone tools certainly undergo transformations in the stages of chaîne opératoire, they are extremely durable. -
Ground Stone Technology and Household Activities at the Harris Site, Southwestern New Mexico
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones 8-1-2014 Ground Stone Technology and Household Activities at the Harris Site, Southwestern New Mexico Lauren W. Falvey University of Nevada, Las Vegas Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/thesesdissertations Part of the Archaeological Anthropology Commons Repository Citation Falvey, Lauren W., "Ground Stone Technology and Household Activities at the Harris Site, Southwestern New Mexico" (2014). UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones. 2178. http://dx.doi.org/10.34917/6456408 This Thesis is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by Digital Scholarship@UNLV with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this Thesis in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/ or on the work itself. This Thesis has been accepted for inclusion in UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones by an authorized administrator of Digital Scholarship@UNLV. For more information, please contact [email protected]. GROUND STONE TECHNOLOGY AND HOUSEHOLD ACTIVITIES AT THE HARRIS SITE, SOUTHWESTERN NEW MEXICO By Lauren W. Falvey Bachelor of Arts in Anthropology University of Nevada, Las Vegas 2008 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Arts – Anthropology Department of Anthropology College of Liberal Arts The Graduate College University of Nevada, Las Vegas August 2014 ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ Copyright by Lauren W. -
Art As Social Practice: Transforming Lives Using Sculpture in HIV/AIDS
cultural geographies 18(3) 275–296 Art as social practice: transforming © The Author(s) 2010 Reprints and permission: sagepub. co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav lives using sculpture in HIV/AIDS DOI: 10.1177/1474474010377548 awareness and prevention in Uganda http://cgj.sagepub.com Lilian Nabulime Makerere University, Uganda Cheryl McEwan Geography Department, Durham University Abstract This article explores the possibilities of art as social practice in the context of the fight against HIV/AIDS. It is inspired by notions of art having the capacity to move beyond the spaces of galleries into an expanded field, and thus beyond the visual and into the social. The article examines the potential for sculpture to play a transformative role in HIV/AIDS awareness and prevention, and in transforming the gender relations that shape the dynamics of the spread of the disease. These ideas are developed through discussion of research conducted in Uganda and in the UK, which sought to develop forms of sculptural practice for HIV/AIDS awareness and prevention in Uganda. The article explores the ways in which a series of soap sculptures are an effective tool in the fight against the disease, particularly in communities with high rates of illiteracy and in which discussion of sex and sexuality remains largely taboo. The article contends that countering taboo and facilitating dialogue between women and men, thus encouraging attitudinal and behavioural change, are perhaps the most significant impacts that this form of sculpture can make. This is because while awareness of the disease in Uganda is often high, having the capacity to discuss and act upon this awareness is often problematic, largely because of fear, stigma and taboo, and the unequal gender relations that determine the nature of men and women’s sexual lives. -
At the Sign of the Mortar and Pestle Alyssa Pelish
52 AT THE SIGN of THE MORtaR AND Pestle Alyssa Pelish at the edge of the Walgreens parking lot. It was a nice, wide, bell-shaped mortar, its pestle at the reli- ably jaunty angle one expects. The red script of the Walgreens W looped possessively across the mortar—but it was the sign of the mortar and pestle, nonetheless. And this sign, as it happens—an over- sized depiction of a mortar and pestle that indicates a place where medicines are sold—is very old. The sign of the mortar and pestle, in fact, is nearly all that remains of an iconography of shop signs that crowded the streets of Europe from the late Middle Ages into the first decades of the nineteenth century. Only two other such symbols are still hung out: the barber’s pole and the sign of the three gold balls you’ll see on pawnshops. But imagine for a second what those streets must have looked like: The sign of the ax. The sign of the last. The sign of three shuttles. Signs like these were place names and professional emblems. The sign of the three cups. The sign of the shears. They were enduring landmarks and advertisements. Sons inherited signs A Walgreens pretending to be a compounding from fathers, and former apprentices incorporated pharmacy. the devices on their masters’ signs into those above their own shops. The sign of the hautboy. The sign of During a prolonged stay some years ago in the rural the sword and buckler. These signs were a system of Wisconsin town where I grew up, I would regularly common icons by which people with little knowledge of pass through a commercial intersection on the main letters and numbers could discern the carpenter’s from street. -
Research Bibliography of Alcohol and Kava Studies in Oceania
Research Bibliography of Alcohol and Kava Studies in Oceania MAC MARSHALL1 Originally prepared in connection with the Working Session on Alcohol and Kava Studies in Oceania, held at the 3rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Social Anthropology in Oceania in March 1974, this bibliography has since been expanded to include all known articles, commission reports and papers read at professional meetings dealing specifically with alcohol and kava use and abuse in the Pacific Islands. The bibliography explicitly does not contain references to sections of larger works (e. g., ethnographies) that discuss alcohol and kava in the islands. \ Perusal of the citations below reveals a paucity of research into the role of al cohol historically during the contact period in the Pacific, and an even more striking lack of contemporary social science research into the place of alcohol in modern Pacific island cultures. This point has been developed at some length in Marshall (n. d.), where it also is noted that our knowledge of present-day kava use in Oceania is woefully deficient. The papers by Burtness et al., Demory, Fischer, MacKenzie, Marshall, Nason, Severance, and Urbanowicz, read at the Association for Social Anthropology in Oceania Annual Meeting, represent a first step in filling this in formation gap, and publication of these papers as a set is expected shortly. For purposes of this bibliography, the compass of the term "Oceania" includes all of Micronesia, Melanesia, Polynesia and New Guinea. Anonymous 1956. Alcool en Oceanie. Numero 66. Paris: Missions des Iles. [Marist Mission]. 1967. Kava drug a sleeper; Piper methysticum. Science News 91 :138 (Feb ruary 11). -
Mid-Holocene Social Interaction in Melanesia: New Evidence from Hammer-Dressed Obsidian Stemmed Tools
Mid-Holocene Social Interaction in Melanesia: New Evidence from Hammer-Dressed Obsidian Stemmed Tools ROBIN TORRENCE, PAMELA SWADLING, NINA KONONENKO, WALLACE AMBROSE, PIP RATH, AND MICHAEL D. GLASCOCK introduction Proposals that large-scale interaction and ceremonial exchange in the Pacific region began during the time of Lapita pottery (c. 3300–2000 b.p.) (e.g., Friedman 1981; Hayden 1983; Kirch 1997; Spriggs 1997) are seriously challenged by the extensive areal distribution of a class of retouched obsidian artifacts dated to the early and middle Holocene (c. 10,000–3300 b.p.) and known as ‘‘stemmed tools’’ (Araho et al. 2002). Find spots of obsidian stemmed tools stretch from mainland New Guinea to Bougainville Island and include the Trobriand Islands, various islands in Manus province, New Britain and New Ireland (Araho et al. 2002; Golson 2005; Specht 2005; Swadling and Hide 2005) (Fig. 1). Although other forms of tanged and waisted stone tool are known in Melanesia (e.g., Bulmer 2005; Fredericksen 1994, 2000; Golson 1972, 2001), the two types defined by Araho et al. (2002) as ‘‘stemmed tools’’ comprise distinctive classes because they usually have deep notches that delineate very well-defined and pronounced tangs. Type 1 stemmed tools are made from prismatic blades and have large and clearly demarcated, oval-shaped tangs. In contrast, the Type 2 group is more vari- able.Itisdefinedprimarilybytheuseof Kombewa flakes (i.e., those removed fromthebulbarfaceofalargeflake)forthe blank form, as described in detail in Robin Torrence is Principal Research Scientist in Anthropology, Australian Museum, Sydney NSW, [email protected]; Pamela Swadling is a Visiting Research Fellow, Archaeol- ogy and Natural History, Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National University, Can- berra ACT, [email protected]; Nina Kononenko is an ARC post-doctoral fellow in the School of Philosophical and Historical Inquiry, University of Sydney, kononenko.nina@hotmail. -
Introduction Navigating Spatial Relationships in Oceania
INTRODUCTION NAVIGATING SPATIAL RELATIONSHIPS IN OCEANIA Richard Feinberg Department of Anthropology Kent State University Kent OH USA [email protected] Cathleen Conboy Pyrek Independent Scholar Rineyville, KY [email protected] Alex Mawyer Center for Pacific Island Studies University of Hawai’i at Mānoa Honolulu, HI USA [email protected] Recent decades have seen a revival of interest in traditional voyaging equipment and techniques among Pacific Islanders. At key points, the Oceanic voyaging revival came together with anthropological interests in cognition. This special issue explores that intersection as it is expressed in cognitive models of space, both at sea and on land. These include techniques for “wave piloting” in the Marshall Islands, wind compasses and their utilization as part of an inclusive navigational tool kit in the Vaeakau-Taumako region of the Solomon Islands; notions of ‘front’ and ‘back’ on Taumako and in Samoa, ideas of ‘above’ and ‘below’ in the Bougainville region of Papua New Guinea, spaces associated with the living and the dead in the Trobriand Islands, and the understanding of navi- gation in terms of neuroscience and physics. Keywords: cognition, navigation, Oceania "1 Recent decades have seen a revival of interest in traditional voyaging equipment and techniques among Pacific Islanders. That resurgence was inspired largely by the exploits of the Polynesian Voyaging Society and its series of successful expeditions, beginning with the 1976 journey of Hōkūle‘a, a performance-accurate replica of an early Hawaiian voyaging canoe, from Hawai‘i to Tahiti (Finney 1979, 1994; Kyselka 1987). Hōkūle‘a (which translates as ‘Glad Star’, the Hawaiian name for Arcturus) has, over the ensuing decades, sailed throughout the Polynesian Triangle and beyond. -
6Th Grade Social Studies
Name: ________________________ 6th Grade Social Studies Begin “Vocabulary for Archaeology & Early Man” Day 1 ● Use notecards at the end of the packet Complete “Vocabulary for Archaeology & Early Man” Day 2 ● Use notecards at the end of the packet Day 3 Use PowerPoint to complete the following notes: Early Human Origins Day 4 Use PowerPoint to complete the following notes: Paleolithic Era (Old Stone Age) Day 5 Use PowerPoint to complete the following notes: Neolithic Era (New Stone Age) Day 6 Use PowerPoint to complete the following notes: Archaeology Day 7 Take “Early Man Vocabulary Quiz” Social Studies Skills: Reading Response Journal: Nomads Day 8 ● Use 2nd page to fill in answers Social Studies Skills: Reading Response Journal: Climate Change Day 9 ● Use 2nd page to fill in answers Social Studies Skills: Reading Response Journal: Agricultural Revolution Day 10 ● Use 2nd page to fill in answers Name __________________ Date ___________________ Vocabulary for Archaeology & Early Man anthropologist (n)______________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ anthropology (n) ______________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ archaeologist (n) ______________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ archaeology (n) _______________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ artifact (n) ___________________________________________________ -
Cryogrinder™ User's Guide
CryoGrinder™ User’s Guide Quick Start The following is a list of key points for using the CryoGrinder™ safely and effectively. Liquid nitrogen is needed to cool the CryoGrinder™ mortar and pestle, and to pre-chill the sample to cryogenic temperatures. CAUTION: Liquid nitrogen is -196°C and can cause burns. Wear safety gloves, safety glasses, and a laboratory coat when handling liquid nitrogen. Review organizational safety procedures for using liquid nitrogen. Grinding the pestle against the mortar without a sample causes accelerated wear to the CryoGrinder™. The dust generated from this “dry grinding” is a respiratory hazard. DO NOT DRY GRIND. Always grind with a sample in the mortar. The porcelain/zirconium mortar and pestle are resistant to abrasion, but can be cracked by impact. Avoid dropping or impacting the mortar and pestle. Samples of 100 mg or less are more effectively ground than larger samples. For larger samples, it may be necessary to mix the sample with the tip of a pointed spatula (chilled first) several times during the grinding. To transfer the ground sample to a tube (e.g., 15 ml centrifuge tube), ensure that the powdered sample is not compacted in the bottom of the mortar (loosen with a chilled spatula if necessary), invert the tube and place over the opening in the mortar, invert tube and mortar together, and tap the powdered sample into the tube. Decontaminate the mortar and pestle following processing by autoclaving. Once clean, the mortar and pestle can be further decontaminated with dry heat at 200°C for 2 hours or by rinsing with decontamination solution.