6Th Grade Social Studies

Home , Mortar and pestle

Name: ______

6th Grade Social Studies

Begin “Vocabulary for Archaeology & Early Man” Day 1 ● Use notecards at the end of the packet

Complete “Vocabulary for Archaeology & Early Man” Day 2 ● Use notecards at the end of the packet

Day 3 Use PowerPoint to complete the following notes: Early Human Origins

Day 4 Use PowerPoint to complete the following notes: Paleolithic Era (Old Stone Age)

Day 5 Use PowerPoint to complete the following notes: Neolithic Era (New Stone Age)

Day 6 Use PowerPoint to complete the following notes: Archaeology

Day 7 Take “Early Man Vocabulary Quiz”

Social Studies Skills: Reading Response Journal: Nomads Day 8 ● Use 2nd page to fill in answers

Social Studies Skills: Reading Response Journal: Climate Change Day 9 ● Use 2nd page to fill in answers

Social Studies Skills: Reading Response Journal: Agricultural Revolution Day 10 ● Use 2nd page to fill in answers

Name ______

Date ______Vocabulary for Archaeology & Early Man anthropologist (n)______anthropology (n) ______archaeologist (n) ______archaeology (n) ______artifact (n) ______dig (n)______domesticate (v) ______excavate (v)______excavation (n)______fossils (n)______hearth (n)______kitchen midden (n)______

Mesolithic (adj) ______Neolithic (adj) ______nomads (n) ______Paleolithic (adj)______Radiocarbon dating (n) ______revolution (n)______specialization (n)______technology (n)______tools (n) ______mortar and pestle (n)______flint (n) ______obsidian (n) ______

Early Man

Early Human Origins

• Scientists believe Homo Sapiens first emerged from ______between 100,000 and 400,000 years ago

• People of the Old Stone Age migrated from Asia to North America when a ______emerged between the two continents

• Paleolithic humans were ______and ______whose survival depended on the availability of wild plants and animals

• Early man created new hunting techniques, tools, and better clothing to fit his surroundings

• Climate had the greatest impact on the human need for ______

• Two adaptations to a cold climate o ______o Animal skin ______

• Paleolithic adaptations to environment o Migrating to find ______o ______nearby plants and berries

Paleolithic Era (Old Stone Age)

• The period of history before events were recorded in writing were known as “______”

• The Old Stone Age was called the ______Age (or Paleolithic Period)

• The Paleolithic Period featured simple ______tools

• Old Stone Age people moved from ______to ______in search of new food sources and supplies

• Paleolithic man lived a ______lifestyle

• People who moved from place to place in search of food are called ______

• Typical hunter-gatherer societies were small, nomadic ______of people

• Hunter-gatherer societies developed where ______were plentiful

• Paleolithic man usually lived on plants and animals that were located near ______

• Hunter-gatherers during the Paleolithic Era learned how to make and use ______

• Fire helped Paleolithic man extend their habitat to ______latitudes and climates

• Fire helped Paleolithic man temper metal tools

• Fire protected Paleolithic man from ______

• Fire helped Paleolithic man venture into dark environments such as ______

• Paleolithic man created ______

• Materials used during the Paleolithic Age to create jewelry o ______o ______

• Paleolithic Era o o o o o o

Neolithic Era (New Stone Age)

• The New Stone Age was called the ______Era (or Neolithic Period)

• The New Stone Age was characterized by the establishment of ______villages

• The Neolithic Revolution was the ______from hunting and gathering to farming

• The ______of animals made it possible for Neolithic people to live as farmers

• During the Neolithic Era, humans settled into ______agricultural societies

• Neolithic societies led to the creation of ______communities

• The plow allowed farmers to cultivate land and grow a ______in crops

• Increased agricultural productivity during the Neolithic Period led to an increase in ______

Comparing the Paleolithic Era and the Neolithic Era

Paleolithic Era Neolithic Era

Fire Domesticated Animals

Hunting and Gathering Farming (Domesticated Plants)

Nomadic Permanent Settlements

Simple Tools Advanced Tools

Cave Art Pottery

Oral Language Weaving

Archaeology

• ______are scientists who study past cultures by locating and analyzing human remains or artifacts

• ______is used by archaeologists to determine how old something is

• Carbon dating helps archaeologists analyze ______and ______

• Archaeological digs provide information through o Carbon dating fossils and artifacts o ______land

• Any object shaped by human hands is an ______

• Artifacts are ______of culture

• Artifacts found on the same ______of Earth would be from the same time period

• ______is an archaeological site in England

• The construction of Stonehenge started during the ______Age

• ______and ______are archaeological sites located in the Fertile Crescent

• Catalhoyuk is an archaeological site in ______(Turkey)

• ______is a Neolithic settlement currently under excavation

EARLY PEOPLE Vocabulary Quiz NAME:

For each section, find the letter answer that matches the vocabulary. Write the letter answer on the line next to the correct number.

Section 1 1. prehistory a. objects made and used by humans 2. archaeology b. remains of living things that existed long ago 3. Mary and Louis Leakey c. time before written history 4. artifact d. study of human life in the past by examining objects 5. fossil e. French fossil hunter who discovered a skull 6. Donald Johanson f. discovered human fossils in Olduvai Gorge, East Africa 7. Michael Brunet g. American fossil hunter who discovered Lucy

Section 2 1. hunter-gatherers a. first modern humans 2. innovation b. first people to bury their dead 3. nomad c. new way of doing things 4. culture d. early people who hunted animals/gathered plants 5. Neanderthals e. moved from place to place with seasons 6. Homo sapiens f. a way of life people share

Section 3 1. populate a. surroundings 2. migration b. become inhabitants/live there 3. environment c. movement of people from home to other areas 4. adapt d. change their way of life

Social Studies Skills: Reading Response Journal P/N Nomads

Hypothesis: What do you think a nomad might be, and why do you think it’s important that we learn about them?

In the Paleolithic Era, there were no farms or buildings or permanent homes. All people were hunter-gatherers; their entire day was spent either actively hunting for food or gathering wild plants to eat. The men and boys hunted while the women and girls gathered grains, berries and other edible or medicinal plants. To survive as hunter- gatherers, people had to adopt a nomadic lifestyle; they lived in one place hunting and gathering until the resources were exhausted and then moved on with their light, easy to assemble homes. Humans survived as nomads for many thousands of years until things changed with the Agricultural Revolution.

1. Compose a one sentence summary of this selection.

2. Create a comic, diagram or picture that shows you understand this content.

3. Explain how the nomadic lifestyle is similar to yours or to one you have studied.

4. Explain how the nomadic lifestyle is different from yours or one you have studied.

Hypothesis II: Before I read the selection, I thought a nomad might be a ______. Now I know that ______.

Hypothesis: ______

1. ______

3. ______

4. ______

Hypothesis II: Before I read the selection, I thought a nomad might be a ______. Now I know that ______. Because ______

Hypothesis: How do you think climate change may have affected ancient peoples, and why might it be an important topic?

The Earth has gone through several Ice Ages; times when the amount of the planet covered in sheets of ice and snow grows much larger. During the last Ice Age, the climate of the parts of Europe and North America not covered in ice were ideal environments for large mammals like mammoths and mastodons – animals that could fill a lot of needs of nomadic groups of people. These nomads not only used the animals as a source of food, but also for shelter, clothing and tools. As the Earth warmed, the glaciers receded and the Ice Age ended changing the climate dramatically. This climate change led to the extinction of many of the large mammals hunted by nomads. The loss of their primary food source forced many people to abandon the hunter-gatherer lifestyle and adopt a stationary one.

1. Compose a one sentence summary of this selection.

2. Create a comic or other visual representation showing how climate change affected ancient peoples.

3. What aspects of life would you guess remained constant throughout the dramatic climate change described above?

4. What aspects of human lifestyle changed the most as a result of the climate change described here.

Hypothesis II: Before I read the selection, I thought ______. Now I know that ______.

Hypothesis: ______

1. ______

3. ______

4. ______

Hypothesis II: Before I read the selection, I thought climate change might be: ______. Now I know that: ______. Because:______

Hypothesis: What do you think the Agricultural Revolution might be, and why might it be important that we learn about them?

After thousands and thousands of years of nomadic living, people began to settle down in cities and develop cultures and civilizations as a result of the Agricultural Revolution. The Agricultural Revolution was the development of farming – growing certain plants on purpose to eat rather than relying on naturally growing wild plants. Once people learned to plant certain grains (like wheat or barley), they had to stay in one place to take care of them; this led to permanent homes, and, eventually, cities. Grains are very easy to store and a surplus of food could be created. This surplus led to an increase in population (more people to do work) and free time. People used this free time to develop more sophisticated tools, writing, math and many other things.

1. Compose a one sentence summary of this selection.

2. Create a comic or other visual representation of the Agricultural Revolution.

3. Explain what things about post-Agricultural Revolution life may have remained the same after the revolution.

4. Explain how lifestyles may have changed as a result of the Agricultural Revolution.

Hypothesis II: Before I read the selection, I thought ______. Now I know that ______.

Hypothesis: ______

1. ______

3. ______

4. ______

Hypothesis II: Before I read the selection, I thought the Agricultural Revolution might be: ______. Now I know that: ______. Because:______

Africa Eurasia Americas People of the Old Stone Age migrated from Asia to North America when a land bridge emerged between the two continents Migration across the Beringia Land:

Was likely not Was in search of Happened in permanent food small groups Paleolithic humans were hunters and gatherers whose survival depended on the availability of wild plants and animals Early man created new hunting techniques, tools, and better clothing to fit his surroundings Climate had the greatest impact on the human need for shelter Adaptations to a cold climate

Fire Animal skin clothing Paleolithic adaptations to environment

Migrating to find Gathering nearby food plants and berries New skills to adapt and survive

Sewing Permanent Pottery Complex animal skins shelters tools for warmth Paleolithic Era (Old Stone Age) The period of history before events were recorded in writing were known as “prehistory” The Old Stone Age was called the Paleolithic Age (or Paleolithic Period) The Paleolithic Period featured simple stone tools Old Stone Age people moved from place to place in search of new food sources and supplies Paleolithic man lived a nomadic lifestyle People who moved from place to place in search of food are called nomads Typical hunter-gatherer societies were small, nomadic bands of people Hunter-gatherer societies developed where animals were plentiful Paleolithic man usually lived on plants and animals that were located near rivers Hunter-gatherers during the Paleolithic Era learned how to make and use fire Fire helped Paleolithic man extend their habitat to colder latitudes and climates Fire helped Paleolithic man temper metal tools Fire protected Paleolithic man from animals Fire helped Paleolithic man venture into dark environments such as caves Paleolithic man created cave art Characteristics of the Paleolithic Period (pt 1)

Small clans Hunting and Spoken language gathering (oral language) Characteristics of the Paleolithic Period (pt 2)

Created “cave art” Learned how to Simple tools make and use fire Materials used during the Paleolithic Age to create jewelry

Bones Stones Paleolithic Era

Fire

Hunting and Gathering

Nomadic

Simple Tools

Cave Art

Oral Language Neolithic Era (New Stone Age) The New Stone Age was called the Neolithic Era (or Neolithic Period) The New Stone Age was characterized by the establishment of farming villages The Neolithic Revolution was the change from hunting and gathering to farming The domestication of animals made it possible for Neolithic people to live as farmers During the Neolithic Era, humans settled into permanent agricultural societies Neolithic societies led to the creation of settled communities The plow allowed farmers to cultivate land and grow a surplus in crops Increased agricultural productivity during the Neolithic Period led to an increase in population Job Specialization

Agricultural Fewer farmers People developed advancements were needed to skills in other and economic grow food areas surplus Neolithic Era Developments

Domesticated plants

Domesticated animals

Permanent settlements

Development of weaving

Made pottery

Advanced tools Neolithic Period:

Man became food Began with the Domesticated producers rather Agricultural animals were part than food Revolution of village life gatherers Paleolithic Era Neolithic Era

Fire Domesticated Animals

Hunting and Gathering Farming (Domesticated Plants)

Nomadic Permanent Settlements

Simple Tools Advanced Tools

Cave Art Pottery

Oral Language Weaving Archaeology Archaeologists are scientists who study past cultures by locating and analyzing human remains or artifacts Carbon dating is used by archaeologists to determine how old something is Carbon dating helps archaeologists analyze fossils and artifacts

Archaeological digs provide information through

Carbon dating fossils Excavating land and artifacts Any object shaped by human hands is an artifact Artifacts are remains of culture Artifacts found on the same strata of Earth would be from the same time period Stonehenge is an archaeological site in England The construction of Stonehenge started during the Neolithic Age Aleppo and Jericho are archaeological sites located in the Fertile Crescent

Catalhoyuk is an archaeological site in Anatolia (Turkey) Catalhoyuk is a Neolithic settlement currently under excavation