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Home , 1st Space Wing, 21st Operations Group, 21st Space Wing, 302nd Airlift Wing, 731st Airlift Squadron, 73rd Space Group

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Welcome to .

Welcome to Peterson Air Force Base Post to the south, and Schriever AFB to “purple mountain majesties” inspired and the 21st Space , the Air the east. Katharine Lee Bates to write “America Force's only organization providing When it comes to magnificent the Beautiful” a century ago. missile warning and space control to scenery and natural beauty, The city’s altitude is 6,035 feet, and unified commanders and combat Springs has it all. It’s the home of some newcomers experience slight forces worldwide. America’s fabulous mountains, the fatigue at first. New arrivals should As the Air Force's most widespread Rockies, nestled at the foot of the allow time for their bodies to adjust to and diverse wing, Team Pete members famous 14,110-foot Pike’s Peak. These the elevation. Peterson is obviously in can be found in 44 units at 26 locations the Rocky Mountain region. Summers in 4 countries. can be hot and winters cold in Col- In addition to our operational mis- orado, but the dry climate is generally sions, the 21st also serves as host unit quite agreeable, whatever the season. of Peterson AFB for four major mili- The Colorado Springs , which tary headquarters-North American shares runways with Peterson AFB, Aerospace Defense Command, U.S. serves 10 airlines with more than 100 Northern Command, Air Force Space flights daily, offering non-stop service Command and SMDC/Army Strategic to 15 U.S. cities and easy connections Command as well as the 302nd Airlift to almost any city in the world. Wing (Reserve) and many tenant units Our unique combination of geog- from other major commands. raphy and climate make Peterson a Peterson AFB is located adjacent to true national asset. But the real and east of Colorado Springs off U.S. strength of Peterson AFB is the men and Highway 24. Colorado Springs is the women who work here, their energy, second largest city in the state, and has commitment, and professionalism. a population of approximately 500,000 Once again, welcome to Team Pete people. Colorado Springs also hosts the and best wishes from all of us for a Air Force Academy to the rewarding and enjoyable stay. Col. Jay G. Santee north, Air Force Peterson AFB welcomed many distinguished Station to the west, Army visitors in 2005. Commander,

4 History

Peterson AFB traces its roots to the Col- The legacy of Peterson Field and the On April 1, 1975, the Air Force re- orado Springs Army , estab- military presence in Colorado Springs designated the wing the 46th Aero- lished on May 6, 1942, at the Colorado took a significant turn in September space Defense Wing. Springs Municipal Airport which had 1947, following the establishment of One year later, on March 1, 1976, been in operation since 1926. the . Soon after Peterson Field was renamed Peterson The base carried out photo recon- its inception, the fledgling service twice Air Force Base. naissance training under the auspices reactivated the base, from Sept. 29, assumed of the Photo Reconnaissance Opera- 1947, to Jan. 15, 1948, and again from control of the base on Oct. 1, 1979. tional Training Unit. On June 22, Sept. 28, 1948, into 1949. During the Then, on Sept. 1, 1982, USAF officials 1942, Colorado Springs Army Air latter period, the base served as an air- activated at Base was assigned to the 2nd Air field for Headquarters, 15th Air Force, Peterson, followed by the activation of Force, headquartered at Fort George which had been temporarily located in the on Jan. 1, 1983. Wright, Wash. Colorado Springs. Peterson AFB became the hub of On Dec. 13, 1942, the base was Peterson Field was inactivated again the Air Force’s space activity when the renamed Peterson Army Air Base in when 15th Air Force moved to March 1st Space Wing assumed host unit honor of 1st Lt. Edward J. Peterson, who Air Force Base in 1949. responsibility following the inactiva- was killed during takeoff in his F-4 here. The Air Force activated Peterson tion of the 46th Aerospace Defense The base assumed a new mission in Field once more, following the January Wing on April 1, 1983. the spring of 1943, that of heavy 1951, establishment of Air Defense The 1st Space Wing then transferred bomber combat crew training. The Command at Ent AFB, located in down- host unit responsibility to the 3rd 214th Combat Crew Training School town Colorado Springs at the current Space Support Wing, which activated conducted the training, using the B-24 site of the U.S. Olympic Training Center. on Oct. 15, 1986. Liberator. From March 5 to Oct. 1, The 4600th Air Base activated Finally, on May 15, 1992, these 1943, “Peterson Field,” as the base was simultaneously on Jan. 1, 1951, and pro- two wings inactivated and their per- commonly called, was assigned to the vided support for the newly established sonnel and equipment transferred to 3rd Air Force, headquartered at command. In 1958, the 4600th ABG was the 21st Space Wing, which activated Greenville Army Air Base, S.C. designated as the 4600th Air Base Wing. on May 15, 1992. Control of Peterson Field then Edward J. Peterson was born in 1917 in Englewood, Colo., and reverted to the 2nd Air Force. In June attended public schools there. He graduated from Uni- 1944, the mission at the base once versity with a Master of Arts degree. again changed, this time to fighter pilot Upon completion of flying training in October 1941, he was training. The 72nd Fighter Wing commissioned as a second lieutenant in the Army Air Force. He assigned to the base employed P-40 was promoted to in February 1942 and was assigned Warhawks to carry out this mission. as the operations officer of the 14th Photo Reconnaissance In April 1945, Peterson Field was Squadron, Colorado Springs Army Air Base, Colo., in July 1942. As he was taking off on a flight to Lowry Field in Denver assigned to Continental Air Forces. on Aug. 8, 1942, the left engine on his Lockheed F-4 failed and The location of the Army Air Forces he crashed. Instructors School at the base sig- Upon impact, the plane burst into flames. A base fire truck naled another mission change. A and crew were nearby, and Peterson was dragged out of the short time later, on Dec. 31, 1945, the wreckage and taken to Glockner Hospital, now known as Army inactivated the base, turning Memorial Hospital. the property over to the City of Col- With extensive burns on his head, chest, and lower body, Peterson died a few hours later, becoming the first Coloradoan orado Springs. to lose his life in the line of duty at the base. Lt. Edward J. Peterson

5 Arrival

People assigned to Schriever must report to their unit orderly room, which will schedule them for in-processing. The base INTRO manager, at (719) 556-7377/DSN 834-7377, can provide orderly room numbers and can contact sponsors if necessary. The base dorm manager can be called at 556-4027. The number for the billeting office, located in Building 1042, is 556-6293.

TELEPHONE AND DSN Peterson’s North Gate entrance. INSTRUCTIONS GETTING HERE SPONSOR INFORMATION The Colorado Springs and vicinity area code is (719). Peterson’s DSN prefix is DIRECTIONS FROM AIRPORT: The Your sponsor can help make your arrival 692 for numbers with a 554 commer- is located and in-processing procedure smooth. cial prefix. For numbers with a 556 south of Peterson AFB. Following the Talk with your sponsor about your prefix, the DSN prefix is 834. road exiting the airport, turn right on needs, and ask for assistance with trans- Schriever’s DSN prefix is 560. To Powers Boulevard. Stay on Powers portation, maps and base procedures. reach Schriever from a commercial approximately six miles. Turn right at The Air Force established the line, use a 567 prefix. the Airport Road intersection. Turn right sponsor program to make reassign- Cheyenne Mountain’s DSN prefix is at the next light. This is the access road ment easier. Your sponsor has expe- 268. To reach Cheyenne Mountain from to the Peterson AFB West Gate. If you rienced the relocation you are about a commercial line, use a 474 prefix. wish to enter Peterson AFB through the to make and has answers to many of North Gate, stay on Powers Boulevard your questions. LOCATOR until you reach Platte Avenue (U.S. If you don’t hear from your sponsor Highway 24). Exit right; the exit for the within 60 days of your reporting date, Some of the following telephone North Gate is approximately one mile call your new unit’s orderly room. numbers may be helpful: east of Powers Boulevard. Peterson operator (719) 556-7321 or DSN 834-7321 DIRECTIONS IF DRIVING: Entering ARRIVAL AND SIGNING IN Schriever operator Colorado Springs on from Peterson AFB has three visitor control (719) 567-1110 or DSN 560-1110 south or north, exit on Academy Blvd. gates. The West Gate is open 24 hours a Cheyenne Mountain operator Proceed towards the center of the city, day. The North Gate hours of operation (719) 474-1110 or DSN 268-1110 turn east on Platte Avenue (U.S. High- are from 5 a.m. to 7 p.m. each day and way 24). The Peterson AFB North Gate the East Gate hours of operations are The Visitors Center is a good place to will be on the right, approximately from 5 a.m. to 9 a.m. and from 3 p.m. meet sponsors. It is located at the one mile east of Powers Boulevard. If to 6 p.m. Monday through Friday. The North Gate on Peterson Boulevard. coming from the east on Highway 24, East Gate is closed on weekends. the Peterson AFB North Gate will be To sign in at Peterson or Cheyenne POST OFFICE on your left, on the eastern edge of Mountain Air Force Station, report to the Peterson’s post office, located in Colorado Springs. Military Personnel Flight in Building 350. building 1466, offers complete postal

6 services, including money orders, high as 7.5 percent. If you purchased a a booster seat. Step 4—Seat belts for stamps, parcel post, express mail, vehicle overseas within last six months, older children large enough to fit cor- international mail service, and regis- it is subject to Colorado State sales tax rectly. Children under 12 years of age tered, certified and insured mailing, when registered. All others are exempt. should not sit in a position where and limited service for people who there is an air bag unless it has been collect stamps. The post office also EMISSION INSPECTIONS: Colorado’s deactivated. rents lock boxes. A stamp vending Front Range cities AIR Program (Auto- AFI 91-207, The United States Air machine is available 24 hours a day in mobile Inspection and Readjustment Force Traffic Safety Program requires the lobby. Program) requires an AIR emissions test operators of motorcycles, motor for all vehicles registered or operated in scooters or mopeds to wear an the AIR Program area, which includes POSTAL SERVICE CENTER approved motorcycle helmet, eye all bases in Colorado Springs. Vehicles protection, long pants, long sleeved To ensure uninterrupted mail service, of temporary residents such as military shirt or jacket, full-fingered gloves send your sponsor a copy of your personnel, students and “other non-pro- and over-the-ankle boots. orders, and your sponsor can have gram area residents” which include Motorcycle operators must wear a your mail held at the Postal Center employees who are operating vehicles Department of Transportation approved until your arrival. Use: within the AIR program area are helmet (or better); impact resistant gog- Your rank/name required to comply with all inspection gles or full-face shield covering the PSC Box 70000 requirements. Test renewals are based eyes; long sleeves and long pants; full Peterson AFB, CO 80914 on the age of your vehicle. You must fingered motorcycle gloves; sturdy have a valid emissions test to register as a forwarding address. footwear (over-the-ankle shoes or your vehicle on base. boots are highly recommended); For additional information, call (719) brightly colored or contrasting vest or IDENTIFICATION CARDS 633-2333. jacket; and reflective materials at night. Identification card applications for INSURANCE: Vehicle insurance cover- “Beanie” helmets are not authorized. DEERS-eligible people and civilian age is mandatory in the state of Col- Although Colorado is a no-helmet contractors are issued at the Military orado. It must be verified at the time of law state, active-duty riders and their Personnel Flight customer service cen- vehicle registration. The mandatory lia- passengers must wear the protective ter in Building 350. For more informa- bility minimum in Colorado is $25,000 equipment outlined in AFI 91-207 tion, call (719) 556-7377. bodily injury, $50,000 per accident and whether riding on or off base. $15,000 property damage. Riders who operate their motor- cycles on base must have attended a VEHICLE REGISTRATION DRIVING REGULATIONS: The speed All active-duty people assigned to Motorcycle Safety Foundation-approved limit on Peterson is 30 mph, unless Peterson are required to register their course. Proof of this training must be posted otherwise. vehicles within the first 72 hours of provided when registering the vehicle In the family housing areas, the limit arrival at the Visitors Center, located at on base. is 15 mph. Colorado state law and base Building 1820, next to the North Gate. regulations require the use of seat belts FIREARMS REGISTRATION Proof of current insurance, dri- at all times while riding in a car. People living in base dormitories or ver’s license, and registration must Child Restraints—Four Steps For temporary lodging facilities must regis- be provided. Life. Step 1—Rear facing child seats for ter and store privately owned weapons AUTOMOBILE TITLES: In order to children from birth to at least 1 year in the armory in Building 1376. title your vehicle, you must show proof old and at least 20 pounds. Step 2— You can check out your weapons of purchase with sales tax paid in a Forward facing child seat for children temporarily, but they must be returned previous state, or you will be subject to over 20 pounds and one year old to at for storage within 72 hours unless Colorado sales tax. You will be least 40 pounds and four years old. you’re going on temporary duty or assessed state tax of 3 percent, plus Step 3—Belt-positioning booster seats have written permission from the first county and city tax at your home for children from over 40 pounds and sergeant or commander. address. City and county tax varies and four years to about 80 pounds and 4 Base housing residents may keep can amount to as much as an addi- feet 9 inches. If the child cannot sit all their privately owned weapons in their tional 1.5 percent of the purchase the way back in the seat and still bend quarters and don’t have to register price. The total sales tax can be as his or her knees, then he or she needs them at the armory.

2006 Base Guide Arrival 7 Concealed weapons permits issued by civil authorities are not valid on Peterson without written approval from the 21st Space Wing commander. Don’t transport weapons on Peter- son unless driving directly to and from the Rod and Gun Club, security forces armory for storage or your residence in base family housing. Tell the gate guards if you have a weapon and where you intend to take it. Weapons must be unloaded and transported in a vehicle’s trunk. Don’t leave weapons unattended at any time. They must be under the con- trol of a person 21 years old or older.

GIANT VOICE SYSTEM In addition to broadcasting Reveille and Retreat, the Giant Voice system plays a critical role in notifying base members of severe weather warnings CUSTOMS AND COURTESIES proceed about your business. However, and operational notifications such as The 21st Space Wing Operations Cen- when the national anthem is played, it force protection condition changes. ter plays Reveille, Taps, and the is appropriate to face in the direction of For example, if a tornado is spotted national anthem every day Monday the flag and salute (when in uniform) or in Colorado Springs, a tornado siren through Friday. to place your hand over your heart if in warning would be a steady three-to Each weekday, Team Pete mem- civilian attire. When driving, stop, and five-minute tone. bers observe customs and courtesies sit quietly until the music ends. There is a weekly base siren system when they hear the national anthem test every Friday at noon. An at 5:30 p.m. over the Giant Voice INCLEMENT WEATHER announcement is made prior to, and public address system. PROCEDURES immediately after the test, informing Since Reveille and Taps, are not part To meet mission requirements and still base personnel to disregard the sirens. of official ceremonies, it is proper to take the best possible care of people during inclement weather, delayed reporting, early release, and base closure procedures are in place for all military and civilian people assigned to Peterson. For purposes of reporting during inclement weather, base members will be designated as either essential or non-essential. Everyone should check with their supervisor to see which category applies to them. Essential—The minimum number of people needed to keep critical opera- tions functioning until additional sup- port arrives. These people include, but are not limited to, firefighters, security forces, command and control, snow removal,

8 Arrival 2006 Base Guide medical personnel, dining facility Delayed Reporting—This authorizes For example, in a two-hour delay, workers, designated child care work- non-essential members additional all non-essential members should plan ers, shift workers, and employees time to safely report to work. The to arrive at 9:30 a.m. and not earlier scheduled to telework. 21st Space Wing commander initiates than 9 a.m. Phased Early Release Non-essential—People who could be delayed reporting when off-base – Non-essen- delayed for short periods of time (hours driving conditions require additional tial people may depart their duty location to days) without serious mission impact. time to arrive safely and gives on- at a specified time before the end of the base snow removal teams time to duty day. Phased early release notifi- Notification—The Peterson Snow prepare the base for normal activity cation will be passed through unit Information line (719) 556-SNOW (719- following a major winter storm. commanders and will be completed 556-7669) will be updated by 5:30 a.m. People should not plan to arrive in 30-minute intervals by zip code. Inclement weather decisions will also earlier than 30 minutes prior to the The 30-minute interval reduces traffic be relayed to selected radio and televi- delayed reporting time to minimize congestion leaving the base and helps sion stations for broadcast. Severe interference with snow removal ensure everyone makes it home safely. weather alerts automatically update on operations. Base housing residents Based on mission requirements, supervi- the Peterson local data set located at should consider walking to work to sors should use their judgment in devi- http://131.15.144.231:82/pv/frames.htm. minimize traffic on streets and in the ating from the phased early release plan. Military members assigned to parking lots. Base Closure – This means only Schriever should call (719) 567-SNOW Delayed reporting is based on nor- essential personnel must report to duty (719-567-7669) and members assigned mal duty hours, 7:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. (or remain on duty) if weather is severe to Cheyenne Mountain should call and is mandatory for non-essential enough to prevent replacements from (719) 474-3333. members to comply. safely reporting.

Inclement weather can cause problems in Colorado Springs.

2006 Base Guide Arrival 9 Missions

Manitoba; and Tyndall AFB, Florida, receive direction from the commander and control air operations within their respective areas of responsibility. To accomplish the aerospace warn- ing mission, the commander of NORAD is responsible for providing integrated tactical warning and attack assessment (ITW/AA) of an aerospace attack on North America to the gov- ernments of Canada and the United States. This is done using information made available by the ITW/AA system. Portions of that system are under the operational control of the commander NORAD and other portions are operated by commands supporting NORAD. NORAD’s aerospace control mission includes detecting and responding to any air-breathing threat to North America. To accomplish this mission, NORAD utilizes a network of ground- NORAD is responsible for aerospace warning and aerospace control for North America. based radars and fighters to detect, intercept and if necessary engage any NORAD adjusted its structure to meet the air-breathing threat to the continent. The North American Aerospace demands of a changing world. The These fighters consist of U.S. F-15s and Defense Command (NORAD) is a bi- commander is appointed by, and is F-16s and Canadian CF-18s. As a part of national United States and Canadian responsible to, both the President of the its aerospace control mission, NORAD organization charged with the missions United States and the Prime Minister of assists in the detection and monitoring of aerospace warning and aerospace Canada. The commander maintains his of aircraft suspected of illegal drug traf- control for North America. Aerospace headquarters at Peterson Air Force ficking. This information is passed to warning includes the monitoring of Base, Colo., and a command and con- civilian law enforcement agencies to man-made objects in space, and the trol center a short distance away at help combat the flow of illegal drugs detection, validation, and warning of Cheyenne Mountain Air Station. into North America. attack against North America whether Cheyenne Mountain serves as a central Through outstanding cooperation by aircraft, missiles, or space vehicles, collection and coordination facility for a and cohesiveness, NORAD has proven utilizing mutual support arrangements worldwide system of sensors designed itself effective in its roles of watching, with other commands. Aerospace con- to provide the commander and the warning, and responding. By adapting trol includes ensuring air sovereignty leadership of Canada and the U.S. with to the changing world, NORAD will and air defense of the airspace of an accurate picture of any aerospace continue to play an important role in Canada and the United States. threat. Three subordinate region head- the defense of Canada and the U.S. The To accomplish these critically impor- quarters at Elmendorf AFB, ; events of September 11, 2001 provide tant missions, NORAD continually Canadian Forces Base, Winnipeg, evidence of NORAD’s responsiveness

10 USNORTHCOM consolidates under a single unified command existing mis- sions that were previously executed by other DoD organizations. This provides unity of command, which is so impor- tant to mission accomplishment. USNORTHCOM plans, organizes and executes homeland defense and civil support missions, but has few permanently assigned forces. The command will be assigned forces whenever necessary to execute mis- sions, as ordered by the president and secretary of defense. Civil service employees and uni- formed members representing all service branches comprise USNORTHCOM’s USNORTHCOM/NORAD Headquarters Building. headquarters located at Peterson Air and continued relevance to North U.S. Northern Command’s AOR Force Base in Colorado Springs, Colo. American security. By quickly adapting includes air, land and sea approaches The commander of USNORTHCOM also its traditionally outward-looking focus and encompasses the continental United commands the North American Aero- to meet new threats posed by terrorists States, Alaska, Canada, Mexico and the space Defense Command (NORAD), a to the interior of the continent, NORAD surrounding water out to approximately bi-national command responsible for provides a potent military response 500 nautical miles. It also includes the aerospace warning and aerospace capability to civil authorities to counter Gulf of Mexico, Puerto Rico and the U.S. control for Canada, Alaska and the domestic airspace threats. Virgin Islands. The defense of Hawaii continental United States. Though future homeland defense/ and our territories and possessions in USNORTHCOM’s civil support mis- security organizations are still being the Pacific remain the responsibility of sion includes domestic disaster relief formulated by the national leadership U.S. Pacific Command. U.S. Northern operations that occur during fires, hurri- of both Canada and the U.S., NORAD’s Command is also responsible for canes, floods and earthquakes. Support proven abilities and unique capabili- security cooperation and coordination also includes counter-drug operations ties will be a vital part of homeland with Canada and Mexico. and managing the consequences of a security and defense.

U.S. NORTHERN COMMAND U.S. Northern Command (USNORTH- COM) was established in 2002 to provide command and control of Department of Defense (DoD) home- land defense efforts and to coordinate defense support of civil authorities. USNORTHCOM’s specific mission: • Conduct operations to deter, prevent, and defeat threats and aggression aimed at the United States, its territo- ries and interests within the assigned area of responsibility (AOR); • As directed by the president or sec- retary of defense, provide defense support of civil authorities including consequence management operations. USNORTHCOM’s mission includes domestic disaster relief.

2006 Base Guide Missions 11 mission areas: Enhance- ment; Counterspace; Space Force Application; Space Support; and Mis- sion Support. Counterspace ensures friendly use of space through the con- duct of operations encompassing sur- veillance of space, protection of U.S. and friendly space systems, prevention of an adversary’s ability to use space systems and services for purposes hos- tile to U.S. national security interests, and negation of space systems and serv- ices used for purposes hostile to U.S. Air Force Space Command Headquarters. national security interests. Space Support terrorist event employing a weapon of and space surveillance as its primary involves launching satellites and other mass destruction. The command pro- missions. Since its establishment, the high-value payloads into space using a vides assistance to a primary federal command has continued to grow, variety of expendable launch vehicles agency when tasked by DoD. Per the adding responsibilities for command and operating those satellites once in Posse Comitatus Act, military forces can and control for the national leadership, the medium of space, as well as, deor- provide civil support, but cannot space launch and on-orbit control of biting and recovering space vehicles if become directly involved in law satellites. In 1993, AFSPC added ICBM required. Space Force Enhancement enforcement. force to its mission and in 2001 gained provides weather, communications, In providing civil support, responsibility for acquisition of space surveillance, missile warning, and nav- USNORTHCOM generally operates and missile systems with the addition igation capabilities to our military through established Joint Task Forces of the Space and Missile Systems Cen- forces around the world. Space Force subordinate to the command. An emer- ter. As space systems have matured, Application involves maintaining and gency must exceed the capabilities of space support to the warfighter has operating a rapid response, land- local, state and federal agencies before grown significantly as evidenced in based ICBM force as the Air Force’s USNORTHCOM becomes involved. In operations Desert Storm, Allied Force, only on-alert strategic deterrent. most cases, support will be limited, Enduring Freedom and most recently localized and specific. When the scope Operation Iraqi Freedom. PEOPLE of the disaster is reduced to the point Approximately 39,000 people, includ- that the primary federal agency can MISSION ing military, civilian and contractor again assume full control and manage- AFSPC is a major command and the Air employees combine to perform ment without military assistance, Force component providing space and AFSPC missions. USNORTHCOM will exit, leaving the ICBM forces for USSTRATCOM. AFSPC on-scene experts to finish the job. also supports NORAD with ballistic ORGANIZATION missile warning information, operates Air Force Space Command has four AIR FORCE SPACE the Center to develop Direct Reporting Units; two numbered COMMAND space applications for direct warfighter air forces and two centers. Space Command defends support, and is responsible for DOD’s Air Force provides space warfighting America through control and exploita- ICBM force development evaluation forces to U.S. Strategic Command and tion of space. These functions are per- program. Air Force Space Command is located at Vandenberg AFB, Calif. formed by space and intercontinental makes space reliable for the warfighter Fourteenth Air Force manages the gen- ballistic missile operations which are by continuously improving the com- eration and employment of space vital force elements in projecting global mand’s ability to provide support to forces to support U.S. Strategic Com- reach and global power. combat forces—assuring their access to mand and North American Aerospace space. In addition, the command’s Defense Command operational plans HISTORY ICBM force deters any adversary con- and missions. Located at F.E. Warren Air Force Space Command was templating the use of weapons of mass AFB, Wyo., 20th Air Force provides established Sept. 1, 1982 with missile destruction. AFSPC has five primary continuous nuclear deterrence and

12 Missions 2006 Base Guide combat-ready missile forces. Twentieth SPACE CAPABILITIES RESOURCES Air Force operates and maintains Spacelift operations at the East and AFSPC operates and supports the AFSPC’s ICBM weapon systems in West Coast launch bases provide serv- Global Positioning System, Defense support of USSTRATCOM war plans. ices, facilities and range safety control Satellite Communications Systems Space and Missile Systems Center at for the conduct of DOD, National Phase II and III, Defense Meteorologi- Los Angeles AFB, Calif., Designs, Aeronautics and Space Administration cal Support Program, Defense Support develops, and acquires all Air Force and commercial launches. Through the Program, and satellites. AFSPC and most DoD space systems. SMC command and control of all DOD currently operates the, Atlas V, II, oversees launches, completes on-orbit satellites, satellite operators provide and Delta IV launch vehicles. Eastern checkouts, and then turns systems force-multiplying effects—continuous and Western Ranges provide radar, over to operational users. It supports global coverage, low vulnerability, and telemetry, communications and safety the Program Executive Office for Space autonomous operations. Satellites pro- support for all launch operations, on the NAVSTAR Global Positioning, vide essential in-theater secure com- including shuttle operations. AFSPC Defense Satellite Communications and munications, weather, and navigational operates the nation’s primary source of MILSTAR systems and the Air Force data for ground, air, and fleet opera- continuous, real-time solar flare warnings. Satellite Control Network. SMC also tions, and threat warning. The command also operates worldwide supports the Evolved Expendable Ground-based radar and Defense Sup- networks of ground stations to provide Launch Vehicle, Defense Meteorolog- port Program satellites monitor ballistic communications links to satellites. These ical Satellite and Defense Support missile launches around the world to include the GPS Ground Network, the Programs, Advanced EHF, Wideband guard against a surprise attack on DSP Ground Network and the AFSCN. Gapfiller, and Space Based Infrared North America. Space surveillance Ground-based radars used primarily for Programs. In addition, it supports radars provide vital information on the ballistic missile warning include the development and acquisition of land- location of satellites and space debris Ballistic Missile Early , based intercontinental ballistic missiles for the nation and the world. With a PAVE PAWS, and PARCS radars. The for the Air Force Program Executive readiness rate above 99 percent, Amer- Maui Optical Tracking Identification Office for Strategic Systems. ica’s ICBM team plays a critical role in Facility, Ground- based Electro-Optical Schriever AFB, Colo., plays a major maintaining world peace and ensuring Deep Space Surveillance System, and role in fully integrating space systems the nation’s safety and security. Eglin phased-array radar provide pri- into air, land and sea operations. Its mary space surveillance coverage. The force enhancement mission looks at ICBM force consists of Minuteman III ways to use space systems to support missiles that provide the critical com- warfighters in the areas of navigation, ponent of America’s on-alert strategic weather, intelligence, communications, forces. As the nation’s silent sentinels, and theater ballistic missile warning, and ICBMs and the people who operate how these apply to theater operations. them have remained on continuous, The Space Warfare Center also develops around-the-clock alert since 1959— tactics, techniques and procedures for all longer than any other U.S. strategic AFSPC current operations as well as for force. Approximately 500 ICBMs are future developmental programs. currently on alert in reinforced concrete AFSPC bases and stations include: launch facilities beneath the Great Cheyenne Mountain, Schriever, Peter- Plains. AFSPC is the Air Force’s lead son, and Buckley in Colorado; Los command for and largest operator of Angeles, Onizuka, and Vandenberg in UH-1N Huey helicopters. AFSPC uses California; Cape Canaveral and Patrick helicopters to support ICBM opera- in Florida; Minot and Cavalier in North tions at F.E. Warren, Malmstrom, and Dakota; F.E. Warren in Wyoming; Malm- Minot AFBs, as well as space and mis- strom, in Montana; Clear in Alaska; Cape sile launch operations at Vandenberg Cod in Massachusetts; New Boston in AFB. AFSPC is the Air Force lead New Hampshire; and in Green- agent for a new mission area and land. Additionally, AFSPC conducts a exploitation of Joint Warfighting variety of missions from operational Space, specifically focused on Near- detachments around the globe. Atlas V lifts off. Space (65,000-325,000ft). AFSPC is 2006 Base Guide Missions 13 provides assured communications for command and control, critical intelli- gence, video teleconferences, and logistics to U.S. warfighting forces— anywhere, anytime. The battalion manages, plans, and controls payloads to assure the reliability of the communications they provide to tactical and strategic warfighters. The battalion also operates and maintains five companies that operate DSCS con- trol facilities located around the world. Army Strategic Command Headquarters. 1ST SPACE BATTALION’S support to rapidly fielding new capabilities in SPACE OPERATIONS the Army, joint, and coalition warfighter direct support of Operation Iraqi Free- Since the first Gulf War, space Soldiers spans the globe. dom and tactical commanders. have supported every major contin- • The Army Space Support Company gency operation with long haul com- fields Army Space Support Teams to SMDC/ARMY FORCES munications, satellite imagery, and provide capabilities, expertise, and products as the warfighter plans and STRATEGIC COMMAND early warning of missile launches. Space Soldiers are spread around the executes the full spectrum of military The U.S. Army Space and Missile operations. The teams work closely Defense Command provides command globe providing flexible, reliable, and pinpoint support to warfighters with the Army’s space operations and control to the 1st Space Brigade officers assigned to supported units. and the 100th Brigade and homeland defense against mis- sile attack. This partnership provides the (Ground-based Midcourse Defense). warfighter with the best possible SMDC also provides secure, space- SPACE space support. based Blue Force Tracking and com- • The Theater Missile Warning Com- 1ST SPACE BRIGADE’S 1ST SATELLITE munications planning through Regional pany operates Joint Tactical Ground CONTROL (SATCON) BATTALION Satellite Communications Support Cen- Stations providing early warning of operates and manages the Defense ters and the Spectral Operations missile launches worldwide to Satellite Communications System Resource Center to Army forces and, deployed U.S. forces. The five Operations Centers. This system upon request, to joint warfighters. JTAGS systems are operated by joint Army/Navy crews and are a part of U.S. Strategic Command’s Tactical Event System. 193RD SPACE BATTLION: This Col- orado Army National Guard battalion provides space-based support to des- ignated ground forces commanders in support of Army operations. This battalion demonstrates that citizen- Soldiers can bring space capabilities to the Army and leverages the expertise and experience in space that these citizen-Soldiers gain in their civilian jobs.

MISSILE DEFENSE The 100th Missile Defense Brigade (Ground-based Midcourse Defense), JTAGS systems are operated by joint Army/Navy crews. Colorado Army National Guard,

14 Missions 2006 Base Guide provides oversight of the Soldiers In addition, CMOC also provides On Sept. 11, 2001, Cheyenne trained to operate the nation’s limited theater ballistic missile warning for Mountain added another mission to its missile defense capability. The brigade U.S. and allied forces. historic legacy in the defense of North comes under the overall direction of In support of USSTRATCOM, CMOC America. The terrorist attacks against the responsible combatant commander provides a day-to-day picture of pre- the United States marked the beginning during an operational mission. cisely what is in space and where it is of Operation Noble Eagle. Operation The 49th Missile Defense Battalion, located. Space control operations Noble Eagle is a homeland defense Alaska Army National Guard, pro- include protection, prevention, and mission incorporating NORAD’s mis- vides physical security and defense of negation functions supported by the sion of Aerospace Warning and Con- the interceptor site as well as opera- surveillance of space. trol to include the monitoring of the tors who are trained to fire the mis- CMOC is truly one of the most unique interior airspace of Canada and the siles. The Soldiers who operate and installations in the world. Apart from the United States. maintain the missiles all undergo a fact that it is housed 2,000 feet under- Today, NORAD and CMOC stand strenuous course of education and ground, CMOC is also different from ready to assist the Federal Aviation training before being available for most military units because it’s a joint and Administration and Navigation Canada assignment to the missile site at Fort bi-national military organization com- in responding to any threatening or Greely, Alaska. prised of more than 200 professional men hostile domestic aircraft. Working with USSTRATCOM, the and women from the Army, Navy, Oct. 1, 2002, marked the welcoming , the Army Marine, Air Force, and Canadian Forces. of two new commands, U.S. Northern National Guard, and many others, Operations are conducted in seven Command and U.S. Strategic Com- SMDC is helping to develop a missile centers manned 24 hours a day, 365 mand, to Cheyenne Mountain. defense capability. As the user and days a year. CMOC is responsible for providing operator of the Ground-based Mid- The centers are the Space Control support to USNORTHCOM’s mission course Defense capability, SMDC is Center, Air Warning Center, Missile of homeland defense and USSTRAT- contributing to ongoing developmental Warning Center, Operational Intelli- COM’s mission of space and missile efforts in planning and user refine- gence Watch, Systems Center, Weather warning, associated with the former ments and establishing the tactics, Center, and the Command Center. U.S. Space Command. techniques, and procedures with which it will be operated.

CHEYENNE MOUNTAIN AFS The 21st Space Wing’s Cheyenne Mountain Air Force Station is host to four commands: NORAD-USNORTH- COM, USSTRATCOM, and AFSPC. The Cheyenne Mountain Operations Center serves as the command center for NORAD-USNORTHCOM. It is the central collection and coordination center for a worldwide system of satel- lites, radars, and sensors that provide early warning of any missile, air or space threat to North America. Supporting the NORAD mission, CMOC provides warning of ballistic mis- sile or air attacks against North America, assists the air sovereignty mission for the United States and Canada, and, if neces- sary, serves as the focal point for air defense operations to counter enemy bombers or cruise missiles. Entrance to Cheyenne Mountain.

2006 Base Guide Missions 15 21st Space Wing

21ST SPACE WING Force Base (AFB) MA, Beale AFB CA, radar can electronically change its The 21st Space Wing is the Air Force’s Cavalier Air Force Station (AFS) ND, point of focus in milliseconds, while only organization providing missile (AB) , and conventional dish-shaped radar may warning and space control to unified Clear AFS AK. The wing has a liaison take up to a minute to mechanically commanders and combat forces world- at the missile warning site at Royal Air swing from one area to another. wide. The 21st SW provides missile Force (RAF) Fylingdales, UK as well. Raytheon builds the PAVE PAWS radars, warning and space control to NORAD All these sites provide continual space and deployed the first AN/FPS-115 and U.S. Strategic Command through a control information as part of an inte- model during the early 1980s. These network of command and control units grated global network of missile warn- roughly ninety-foot diameter circular- and ground and space-based sensors ing systems. Missile warning data from panel radars are mounted on two or operated by geographically separated these sites are sent to U.S. Strategic more walls of a triangular-shaped units around the world. Command’s (USSTRATCOM) Missile pyramid structure. The antennas are Members of the 21st SW operate and Correlation Center (MCC) at Cheyenne designed to operate at a frequency of maintain a complex system of U.S. and Mountain Air Station, CO. Data are also 420 to 450 MHz. PAVE PAWS radars can foreign-based radars. These space war- sent to the National Military Command detect and track targets at ranges riors detect and track ballistic missile Center and USSTRATCOM’s Global approaching 3,000 miles. There were launches; deployments of new space Operations Center. originally four continental United systems; and provide data on foreign Five of the missile warning sites States (CONUS) sites. Two of the orig- ballistic missile events. employ a specific type of phased-array inal CONUS sites, the 6th SWS at Cape Today, ballistic missile warning is radar called the PAVE Phased-Array Cod AFS, and the 7th SWS at Beale critically important to U.S. military Warning System (PAVE PAWS). The AFB, are still in operation, and their forces. At least 20 nations currently have radar works by sending out a beam radars were recently upgraded to the nuclear, biological, or chemical formed from several transmitters higher-power, more-capable AN/FPS- weapons, and the technology to deliver eliminating the need to move or 123 model. The other two CONUS sites them over long distances. According to rotate the radar. The PAVE PAWS at Robins AFB, GA and Eldorado AFS, intelligence estimates, during the next 10 years, several Third World countries will develop the technology and capa- bility to launch intercontinental ballistic missiles at the United States. 21st SW Missile Warning Mission The 21st SW’s ground-based missile warning sites all employ solid state Provide combat phased-array radar systems. Their mis- capabilities sion is to detect sea-launched ballistic missile (SLBM) and intercontinental bal- through missile listic missile (ICBM) attacks against the warning, space continental United States and Canada, and determine the potential number control, and and probable destination of these mis- expeditionary forces siles. The wing has Space Warning Squadrons (SWS) at Cape Cod Air of globally based units.

16 TX have now ceased operations. The vitally important in supporting future weighing several tons to pieces of radar from Eldorado AFS was relocated theater missile operations and assuring spent rocket bodies weighing only 10 to the 13th SWS at Clear AFS, replacing availability of U.S. space forces. Oper- pounds. Only about seven percent of the older Ballistic Missile Early Warning ation Iraqi Freedom proved once again the space objects are operational satel- System (BMEWS) mechanical radar that whoever controls the high ground lites; the rest are debris. USSTRATCOM there. The Clear AFS PAVE PAWS radar has definite military advantage. Space is primarily interested in the active also has been upgraded to the surveillance involves detecting, track- satellites, but also tracks space debris AN/FPS-123 model. Similar PAVE PAWS ing, cataloging, and identifying man- to avoid collisions with operational radars replaced the BMEWS mechani- made objects orbiting Earth, i.e. satellites. The SSN tracks space objects cal radars at the 12th SWS at Thule AB, active/inactive satellites, spent rocket which are 10 centimeters in diameter and at Fylingdales. Thule AB received bodies, or fragmentation debris. Space (baseball size) or larger. an AN/FPS-120 model, while RAF surveillance accomplishes the following: The SSN uses a “predictive” tech- Fylingdales received an AN/FPS-126 • Predicts when and where a decaying nique to monitor space objects; it spot model. The AN/FPS-126 is unique, space object will re-enter the Earth’s checks them rather than tracking them having three radar faces covering 360 atmosphere; continually. This technique is used degrees in azimuth, while the AN/ • Prevents a returning space object, because of the limits of the SSN FPS-120 and AN/FPS-123 models each which to radar looks like a missile, (number of sensors, geographic dis- have two radar faces covering 240 from triggering a false alarm in mis- tribution, capability, and availability). degrees in azimuth. Even though none sile-attack warning sensors of the Below is a brief description of each of the BMEWS radars are still in opera- U.S. and other countries; type of sensor in the network. tion, for programmatic reasons Thule • Charts the present position of space Phased-array radars can maintain AB is still referred to as BMEWS Site I, objects and plots their anticipated tracks on multiple satellites simultane- Clear AFS is referred to at BMEWS Site orbital paths; ously and scan large areas of space in II, and Fylingdales is referred to as • Detects new man-made objects in a fraction of a second. These radars BMEWS Site III. space; have no moving mechanical parts to The 10th SWS at Cavalier AFS ND, • Produces a running catalog of man- limit the speed of the radar scan; the uses a slightly different type of phased- made space objects; radar energy is steered electronically. array radar called a Perimeter Attack • Determines which country owns a Conventional radars use mobile Radar Characterization System, or re-entering space object; detection and tracking antennas. The PARCS. Its single face points north- • Informs NASA whether or not objects detection antenna transmits radar ward over the Hudson Bay, covering may interfere with the Space Shuttle energy into space in the shape of a 120 degrees in azimuth. It provides and International Space Station. large fan. When a satellite intersects tactical warning, and attack characteri- These tasks are accomplished using the the fan the energy is reflected back to zation and assessment of SLBMs and Space Surveillance Network (SSN), the antenna, triggering the tracking ICBMs. This includes the number and which consists of U.S. Army, Navy and antenna. The tracking antenna then types of missiles in a raid, and the Air Force-operated, ground-based radars locks its narrow beam of energy on the earliest and next impact times for and optical sensors at roughly 20 sites target and follows it in order to estab- locations in the continental U.S. It is worldwide. The 21st SW operates and/or lish orbital data. the only missile warning sensor that has a presence at 12 of these sites. The Ground-Based Electro-Optical reports this type of information. The SSN has been tracking space Deep Space Surveillance System objects since 1957 when the Soviets (GEODSS) consists of three telescope Space Control opened the space age with the launch sensors linked to a video camera. Space control is defined as the combat, of Sputnik I. Since then, the SSN has The video cameras feed their space combat support, and combat service tracked more than 24,500 space objects pictures into a nearby computer support operations necessary to orbiting Earth. Of that number, the SSN which drives a display scope. The ensure freedom of action in space for currently tracks more than 9,500 orbit- image is transposed into electrical the United States and its allies and, ing objects. The rest have re-entered impulses and recorded on magnetic when directed, to deny an adversary Earth’s turbulent atmosphere and dis- tape. This is the same process used freedom of action in space. Space sur- integrated, or survived re-entry and by video cameras. Thus, the image veillance is a critical part of the 21st impacted the Earth. The space objects can be recorded and analyzed in SW’s space control mission and will be now orbiting Earth range from satellites real-time.

2006 Base Guide 21st Space Wing 17 Combined, these types of sensors forces. The Commander, Joint Space AN/FPS-85 was the first phased-array make up to 80,000 satellite observations Operations, who is also the 14th AF radar developed to perform all- each day; the observations consist of CC, leads the JSpOC and in this role weather, day-night detection and metric data and Space Object Identifica- reports to the JFCC SGS/CC. This struc- tracking of man-made objects in tion (SOI) data. Metric data are posi- ture enables AFSPC to present all space space. The AN/FPS-85 covers 120 tional data on Earth orbiting objects. C2 capabilities to USSTRATCOM degrees in azimuth and more than Photometric SOI is the analysis of the through a more integrated organiza- 22,000 nautical miles in range. total intensity of the reflected light from tional structure and achieve operational The 20th SPCS’s DET 1 in Dahlgren the observed satellite. The SOI data are synergies through a single operations VA, operates another dedicated sensor sent to the USTRATCOM Joint Intelli- center focused on joint space com- called the Air Force Surveillance Sys- gence Center (JIC) at Offut AFB, NE. mand and control. The 21 OG still tem, also known as “the Fence.” The The metric data are transmitted directly operates the Alternate Space Control Navy, the original operators of the to the Joint Space Operations Center Center at Dahlgren, VA. Fence, transferred operations to the Air (JSpOC), formerly the Space Control The 21st SW’s radar sites at Beale, Force in October 2004. Designed and Center (SCC), at Cheyenne Mountain Cape Cod, Clear, Thule, Fylingdales, constructed in 1958, the Fence is the AFS, CO via satellite, ground wire, and Cavalier support the SSN by pro- nation’s oldest sensor built to track microwave and phone. The JSpOC viding surveillance, tracking, and SOI satellites and debris in orbit. The sys- uses metric data for all the space situ- data on near-earth objects at a range of tem has nine field stations along the ational awareness purposes listed in nearly 3000 nautical miles. Since space 33rd parallel with three transmitter sites bullets above, one of which is shuttle surveillance is their secondary mission, at Lake Kickapoo, TX, Jordan Lake, AL, conjunction assessment. The JSpOC these sites are called collateral sites. and Gila River, AZ, and six receiver also maintains an extensive satellite The 21st SW also operates six dedicated sites at Fort Stewart, GA, Hawkinsville, catalog that is used by U.S. civilian sites in the SSN whose primary mission GA, Silver Lake, MS, Red River, AR, and military agencies, as well as by is space surveillance. These sites are the Elephant Butte, NM, and San Diego, U.S. allies, when launching new satel- 20th Space Control Squadron (SPCS) at CA. The field stations comprise a bi- lites into space. Eglin AFB, FL, the 20th SPCS Detach- static radar that points straight up into Until recently, the 1 Space Control ment (DET) 1 at Dahlgren, VA, and the space and produces a “fence” of elec- Squadron (SPCS) operated the SCC, four 21st OG detachments: DET 1 at tromagnetic energy. The system can the Cheyenne Mountain AFS center Socorro, NM, DET 2 at Diego Garcia, detect basketball-sized objects in orbit that provides daily tasking to the SSN British Indian Ocean Territories, DET 3 around the Earth out to an effective sensors for USSTRATCOM’s space sur- at Maui, HI, and DET 4 at Moron, Spain. range of 15,000 nautical miles. Over 5 veillance and space defense mission. The 20th SPCS provides space sur- million satellite detections, or observa- On 1 May 05, 1 SPCS was transferred veillance using the only active tions, are collected by the Fence sensor from the 21 Operations Group (OG) to phased-array radar system dedicated each month. Data are transmitted to a the 614 Space Operations Group to tracking over 8,300 near-earth and computer center at Dahlgren, where (SOPG). This aligned the space sur- deep-space objects. Commencing they are used to constantly update a veillance C2 capability with the 614 operation in December 1968, the database of spacecraft orbital elements. SOPG’s broader operational level C2 responsibilities in the 14 AF Air and Space Operations Center (Space AOC). The 614 SOPG provides the 14 AF Space AOC command and control of assigned and attached AFSPC space forces in support of USSTRATCOM’s global and theater space missions. The Space AOC has now become the Joint Space Operations Center (JSpOC), the USSTRATCOM/Joint Functional Component Commander Space and Global Strike (JFCC SGS) operations center that will exercise command and control of joint space , Fla., is home to the 20th Space Control Squadron.

18 21st Space Wing 2006 Base Guide 20th SPCS, DET 1 also operates the Alternate Space Control Center (ASCC), which serves as the backup computa- tional and command and control node for the JSpOC at Cheyenne Mountain. The 21st SW also controls and operates four dedicated optical space tracking sites as well. Three of the sites are part of the Ground-Based Electro-Optical Deep Space Surveil- lance system, or GEODSS: DET 1, Socorro, NM; DET 2, Diego Garcia, British Indian Ocean Territories; and DET 3 at Maui, HI. Like the other sen- sors in the SSN, GEODSS provides metric data to the JSpOC at Cheyenne Mountain and ASCC, and photometric

SOI data to the JIC. 21st SW Headquarters Building. GEODSS is an optical system that uses a low-light level TV cameras, While resources for the space surveil- deployable space surveillance systems computers and large telescopes. lance piece of the space control mis- supporting theater commanders. It also GEODSS tracks objects in deep space, sion have been around for over forty conducts world-wide operations pro- or from about 2600 nautical miles out, years, the DoD is still in the early stages viding critical space surveillance to beyond geosynchronous altitudes, of developing counterspace measures. capabilities and data to the National more than 19,000 nautical miles out. Counterspace operations are critical to Command Authorities, 14th Air Force, GEODSS requires nighttime and clear success in modern warfare. Combatant and squadron elements. weather tracking because of the inher- commanders leverage space capabili- The 76th SPCS at Peterson AFB, CO., ent limitations of an optical system. ties such as communication, position, is Air Force Space Command’s first Each site has three telescopes. The tel- navigation, timing, missile warning, counterspace operations squadron escopes have a 40-inch aperture and a environmental sensing, and reconnais- responsible for operating space control two-degree field of view. The tele- sance to maintain a combat advantage capabilities to rapidly achieve flexible scopes are able to “see” objects 10,000 over their adversaries. As demonstrated and versatile space superiority in support times dimmer than the human eye can by the Iraqi deployment of Global Posi- of theater campaigns. The unit employs detect. This sensitivity, and the fact tioning System (GPS) jammers during the world-wide deployable Counter- that the daytime sky background Operation IRAQI FREEDOM, adver- Communications System (CCS) to tem- masks satellites’ reflected light, dictates saries will target space capabilities in porarily disrupt and deny an enemy’s that the system operate at night. As an attempt to deny that combat advan- satellite communications capability. with any ground-based optical system, tage. The U.S. must also be prepared cloud cover and local weather condi- to deprive an adversary of the benefits WING OPERATIONS CENTER tions directly influence its effective- of space capabilities when American The 21st Space Wing’s Operations Cen- ness. GEODSS employs Sidereal and interests and lives are at stake. The ter is the Air Force’s only Missile Warn- Rate track to perform its Space Surveil- space superiority mission ensures the ing Sensor Management/Command lance Mission. In Sidereal track the tel- freedom to operate in the space medium and Control organization, responsible escopes scan the sky at the same rate while denying the same to an adversary for space weapons systems in 44 units as the stars appear to move. In Rate and, like air superiority, cannot be taken at 26 locations in four countries. The Track telescopes follow the path of the for granted. The 4th SPCS at Holloman center provides immediate global and satellite as it passes overhead. AFB, NM, and the 76th SPCS at Peterson theater missile warning sensor manage- DET 4 operates the $5M state-of-the- AFB, CO are vital to guaranteeing U.S. ment to NORAD, the Joint Chiefs of art Morón Optical Space Surveillance space superiority. Staff, unified commanders, and combat System (MOSS), another optical tele- The 4th SPCS, Holloman AFB NM, forces worldwide. scope that detects and tracks earth- controls, employs, and maintains sev- The center also provides the wing orbiting objects in deep space. eral mission-ready and next generation commander command and control of

2006 Base Guide 21st Space Wing 19 assigned missile warning units and Japanese aircraft destroyed in the air, a maintenance support team to North space assets, as well as real-time config- 46 on the ground and 62 damaged air- Field, S.C., where they flew for more urations and contingencies to maintain craft. The group also produced two than a month. operational and system capabilities and aces: Maj. Harry C. Crimp Jr. and Capt. In November 1954, the 21st FBW required peacetime and wartime tasking. Willis Mathews. moved to Chamblee AB, France, In December 1945, the 21st Fighter where it stayed until it inactivated in Group moved to Isle Field, Sampan, February 1958. Its people and equip- 21ST SPACE WING then to , . In ment were transferred to other Air HERITAGE Guam, it switched to the P-47N Thun- Force units in Europe. The 21st Space Wing’s heritage dates to derbolt. The group inactivated there in World War II when the 21st Bombard- October 1946. ERA ment Group activated in February 1942 The 21st FBW was re-designated as the at Bowman Field, Ky. Thereafter, the POST-WORLD WAR II 21st Tactical Fighter Wing, activated at group relocated successively to Jackson The establishment of the Air Force in Misawa AB, Japan, and assigned to 5th Army Air Base, Miss.; Columbia Army 1947 brought about many changes. Air Force in July 1958. Air Base, S.C.; Key Field, Miss.; and The new standard organizational unit Its new mission involved the aerial MacDill Field, Fla. became the wing instead of the previ- defense of northern Japan and strategic The 21st Bombardment Group first ous organizational standard, the group. bombardment in support of 5th Air trained on B-25 bombers, then converted The Air Force wanted to preserve Force contingency plans in Korea. to B-26s. The group largely served as an the lineage and honors of distinguished They flew F-84G Thunder jets and T-33 operational training unit assigned to 3rd Air Groups of World War II, thus the Shooting Stars. Later that year, the wing Air Force; however, while at MacDill, 21st numerical designation was granted converted to F-100 Super Sabres. from June 1942 to October 1943, the to the newly formed 21st Fighter- 21st Bombardment Group also carried Bomber Wing activated at George AFB, ERA out anti-submarine patrols over the Calif., in January 1953, flying P-51 Mus- The wing was inactivated in June 1960. Sea. The 21st Bombardment tangs for six months before transition- All people and equipment were trans- Group inactivated Oct. 10, 1943. ing to F-86 Sabres. ferred to the 39th Air Division at Mis- The lineage of the 21st continued While at George, they tested a new awa AB, Japan. with the 21st Fighter-Bomber Group concept of tactical air deployment Six years later, in July the 21st Com- activated in April 1944. Initially, the involving moving three squadrons and posite Wing activated at Elmendorf group had three squadrons: the 46th, 72nd and 531st Fighter Squadrons, all flying the P-39Q Air Cobras. Two months later, the group converted to P-38J/L Lightning’s and was attached to the 7th Fighter Wing to defend the Hawaiian Islands. It was re-designated the 21st Fighter Group in December 1944 and converted to P-51D Mus- tangs shortly before moving to Iwo Jima in March 1945. Four months later, the 21st flew its first combat mission, escorting a forma- tion of Bomber Command B-29s to attack the heavily defended Nakajima aircraft factory near Tokyo. The group flew 48 sorties and claimed eight enemy aircraft kills. From then until August 1945, the group flew 33 long- range missions against Japan. During 816 combat sorties, the 21st Fighter Group’s pilots scored 58 B - 25s parked at Peterson’s airfield during World War II.

20 21st Space Wing 2006 Base Guide AFB, Alaska. Operational units included transferring to the 137th Space Warning 2002, as the host unit for Thule Air the 17th Troop Carrier Squadron, flying Squadron of the Colorado Air National Base—the northernmost U.S. base. In C-130s; the 317th Fighter Interceptor Guard. Further, the 17th Space Surveil- the fall of 2004, the wing acquired a new Squadron, flying the F-102A, TF-102A, lance Squadron inactivated at RAF space surveillance system, formerly T-33 and EB-57E; and the 21st Oper- Edzell, part of its system transferring to known as the Navy Fence. ations Squadron, flying the C-118A, RAF Feltwell. As of fall 2004, the wing is com- C-123B, EC-54D and CH-21B. The Despite these losses, the 21st prised of six groups and 44 units at 26 317th FIS was inactivated in Decem- remained, in organizational terms, the locations in four countries, making it ber 1969. largest wing in the Air Force. Recog- the Air Force’s most geographically dis- In June 1970, the 43rd Tactical nizing the need for a second opera- persed wing. Fighter Squadron arrived from MacDill tional group to handle the prolific AFB, Fla. The wing’s newest flying number of worldwide sites, the Air squadron brought 18 F-4E Phantoms, Force activated the 821st Space Group The 21st OG commands and controls which began alert duties at Elmendorf on May 31, 1996, at Buckley Air all of the 21st SW’s 15 operational units AFB, King Salmon Airport, Galena Air- National Guard Base in Denver, Colo., and detachments; all but two of the port, and Eielson AFB, Alaska. and assigned the unit to the 21st 21st OG’s units are Geographically The 21st Composite Wing again Space Wing. Separated Units (GSU). The group is became known as the 21st Tactical In 1997, the 21st inactivated the 19th Air Force Space Command’s largest, Fighter Wing in October 1979. Space Surveillance Squadron, closing a most weapon-system diverse, and most The 21st TFW underwent an long association with Turkey. Detach- widespread. Its mission is to provide extreme reorganization in March 1982. ment 1, 3rd Space Surveillance real-time missile warning, attack The Air Force replaced the wing’s F-4s Squadron, also inactivated in Korea. assessment, and space control to the with F-15s and A-10s. However, the wing added a new loca- President, Secretary of Defense, JCS, In January 1982, the 18th Tactical tion in Europe when Detachment 4, combatant commands, and foreign Fighter Squadron moved to Eielson 18th Space Surveillance Squadron, acti- allies. The group also establishes assigned to the 343rd Composite Wing, vated at Moron AB, Spain. This year operational requirements and manages flying the A-10, while the 43rd TFS saw the end of the wing’s flying mis- the training, and standardization and maintained its air superiority role with sion when the 84th Airlift Flight trans- evaluation programs for their weapon the F-15 fighter. ferred to Air Material Command. systems. This comprises conducting In 1987, the 21st TFW also gained the Further downsizing transpired in command-directed evaluations and 54th TFS, which flew the F-15 as well. 1998. The 21st Medical Group trans- staff assistance visits. Additionally, the In May 1991, the wing received its ferred to the 10th Medical Group at 21st OG develops and maintains oper- first F-15E Strike Eagle and activated its the United States Air Force Academy, ational procedures and regulations for third flying squadron, the 90th TFS. In which has subsequently rejoined the all its field units. February 1992, the wing inactivated as wing. The 2nd Command and Control The 21st Operations Group part of an Air Force-wide restructuring. Squadron was reassigned to 14th Air includes: Force and the 821st Logistics Squadron SPACE MISSION inactivated. Given these losses, the • The 21st Operations Group Standard- The wing was activated again in May 21st became only the second largest ization and Evaluation Division 1992 at Peterson. At that time, elements wing in the United States Air Force; • The 21st Operations Support of the 1st Space Wing and 3rd Space however, remained the most geo- Squadron Support Wing were combined to fulfill graphically dispersed. • Five missile warning squadrons AFSPC’s attack warning mission and to The wing became smaller in 1999 • One Liaison at Royal Air Force (RAF) serve as the host unit for Peterson. when the 3 CACS and 5th Space Warn- Fylingdales In April 1995, the wing assumed the ing Squadrons inactivated and the • Five space control detachments space control mission and added the 721st Mobile Command and Control • Three space control squadrons former , the 721st Squadron transferred to 20th Air Force. Space Group, and Cheyenne Mountain These losses were partially offset when Standardization and AFS to its mission responsibilities. the 76th Space Operations Squadron Evaluation Division Reorganization continued into 1996. joined the wing in 2000. The 21st Operations Group Standard- The 4th Space Warning Squadron inac- The 821st Air Base Group, Thule Air ization and Evaluation Division moni- tivated at Holloman AFB, with assets Base, Greenland, was activated in June tors the wing’s space operations and

2006 Base Guide 21st Space Wing 21 world-wide operations providing critical space surveillance capabilities and data to the National Command Authorities, 14th Air Force, and squadron elements.

6TH SPACE WARNING SQUADRON The primary mission of the 6th Space Warning Squadron, Cape Cod AFS, MA, is to guard the U.S. East Coast against SLBMs and ICBMs. The unit is a GSU of the 21st OG operating the PAVE PAWS radar system. Raytheon builds PAVE PAWS, and deployed the first AN/FPS-115 model during the early 1980s. These ninety-foot diame- ter circular-panel radars are mounted on two walls of a triangular-shaped pyramid structure covering 240 degrees in azimuth. The antennas are periodically conducts Operations Stan- • Manages the 21st SW’s weapons and designed to operate at a frequency of dardization Team visits at its GSUs. tactics, warfighter education, and 420 to 450 MHz. PAVE PAWS radars Operations assessments are provided combat systems improvement and can detect and track targets at ranges to the GSU, group, and wing com- integration programs approaching 3,000 miles. The radar at mander. The division also selects the • Oversees, standardizes, and provides Cape Cod AFS was recently upgraded 21st Space Wing’s Top Operations guidance for all 21 SW operations to the higher-power, more-capable Crew, Top Instructor and Evaluator of training programs AN/FPS-123 model. The site provides the Year, and operations competitors • Manages Peterson AFB’s airfield continual space control information for Guardian Challenge, AFSPC’s bi- operations and provides flight as part of an integrated global net- annual competition to determine the records management services work of missile warning systems. best operators and units in missile • Provides 24 X 7 solar and aviation Missile warning data from the 6th warning and space control. weather support for North American SWS are sent to the MCC at Cheyenne Aerospace Defense Command Mountain Air Station, CO. Data are THE 21ST OPERATIONS (NORAD), USNORTHCOM, 21st SW, also sent to the National Military SUPPORT SQUADRON and Peterson Complex tenant units Command Center and USSTATCOM. • Provides intelligence and administra- The 21st Operations Support Squadron Being a collateral sensor in the SSN, tive support to 21st SW, 21st OG, and provides day-to-day operations support 6th SWS has a secondary mission of operations squadron commanders for Air Force Space Command’s world- space surveillance. The site detects wide network of 15 ground-based mis- and tracks near-earth objects at a sile warning, space surveillance, and 4TH SPACE CONTROL range of nearly 3000 nautical miles, space control units and accomplishes SQUADRON and sends its observations to the the following: The 4th SPCS, Holloman AFB NM, pro- JSpOC at Cheyenne Mountain. The • Provides oversight, support, and vides space surveillance capabilities site also provides SOI data to the JIC guidance for all force structure, test- for the National Command Authorities at Offutt AFB, NE. ing, and system modification actions and unified commanders worldwide. involving 21st SW operational units The squadron is a GSU assigned to the 7TH SPACE WARNING • Provides real-world and exercise Bat- 21st OG. The 4th SPCS controls, SQUADRON tle Staff support to 21st SW leadership employs, and maintains several mission- The 7th SWS at Beale AFB, CA, a GSU • Provides Configuration Management ready and next generation deployable assigned to the 21st OG, operates the for software and hardware changes space surveillance systems supporting PAVE PAWS radar and provides 24- to 21st SW operational systems theater commanders. It also conducts hour coverage over the Pacific Ocean,

22 21st Space Wing 2006 Base Guide executing its primary missions of Mis- Cheyenne Mountain Air Station CO. contributes to the space control mis- sile Warning and Ground-based Mid- This information is also sent to the sion by tracking the more than 9,500 course Defense against SLBM and National Military Command Center and man-made objects currently orbiting ICBM threats. Raytheon builds the USSTRATCOM. Being a collateral sensor the Earth as part of the SSN. The PAVE PAWS radars, and deployed the in the SSN, 10 SWS also has a secondary squadron provides metric data and SOI first AN/FPS-115 model during the early mission of space surveillance. The site to the JSpOC and JIC respectively. The 1980s. These ninety-foot diameter cir- detects and tracks 9,500 near-earth man- site operates a specific type of phased- cular-panel radars are mounted on two made objects at a range of nearly 3000 array RADAR called PAVE PAWS. walls of a triangular-shaped pyramid nautical miles for the JSpOC at Raytheon builds the PAVE PAWS radars, structure covering 240 degrees in Cheyenne Mountain. The site also pro- and deployed the first AN/FPS-115 azimuth. The antennas are designed to vides space object identification data to model during the early 1980s. These operate at a frequency of 420 to 450 the JIC at Offut AFB, NE. The 10th SWS ninety-foot diameter circular-panel MHz. PAVE PAWS radars can detect and is another GSU of the 21st OG. radars are mounted on two walls of a track targets at ranges approaching triangular-shaped pyramid structure 3,000 miles. The radar at Beale AFB covering 240 degrees in azimuth. The was recently upgraded to the higher- 12TH SPACE WARNING antennas are designed to operate at a power, more-capable AN/FPS-123 SQUADRON frequency of 420 to 450 MHz. PAVE model. The site provides continual The 12th SWS, Thule AB Greenland, PAWS radars can detect and track tar- space control information as part of an the 21st OG’s northern-most GSU, pro- gets at ranges approaching 3,000 miles. integrated global network of missile vides tactical detection, warning and The AN/FPS-120 model, which has two warning systems. Missile warning data tracking of intercontinental and sea- radar faces covering 240 degrees in from the 7th SWS are sent to the MCC launched ballistic missile attacks and azimuth, replaced the BMEWS mechan- at Cheyenne Mountain Air Station, CO., forwards that information to the MCC ical radar at Thule. However, for pro- the National Military Command Center at Cheyenne Mountain AFS, CO, the grammatic reasons, Thule AB is still and USSTRATCOM. Being a collateral President, SECDEF, JCS, NORAD, referred to as BMEWS Site I. Clear AFS sensor in the SSN, 7 SWS also has a sec- National Military Command Center, is BMEWS Site II, and Fylingdales is ondary mission of space surveillance. and unified commands. The unit also BMEWS Site III. The site detects and tracks near-earth objects at a range of nearly 3000 nauti- cal miles for the JSpOC at Cheyenne Mountain. The site also provides SOI data to the JIC at Offutt AFB, NE.

10TH SPACE WARNING SQUADRON The 10th SWS at Cavalier AFS ND, uses a type of radar called a Perimeter Attack RADAR Characterization System, or PARCS. Its single-faced phased-array radar is pointed northward over the Hudson Bay covering 120 degrees in azimuth. It provides tactical warning, and attack characterization and assess- ment of SLBM and ICBM attack against the United States and Canada. This includes the number and types of mis- siles in a raid, and the earliest/next impact times for locations in the con- tinental U.S. It is the only missile warning sensor that reports this type of information to the MCC at Thule AB in Greenland.

2006 Base Guide 21st Space Wing 23 degrees in azimuth and in excess of 22,000 nautical miles in range. The squadron also supports USSTRATCOM and theater warfighter requirements through continuous detection, identifi- cation, and reporting of orbital satellite positional and SOI data. 20TH SPACE CONTROL SQUADRON Det 1, in Dahlgren, Va., operates another dedicated sensor of the SSN called the Air Force Surveillance Sys- tem, also known as “the Fence.” The Navy, the original operators of the Fence, transferred operations to the Air Force in October 2004. Designed and constructed in 1958, the Fence is the nation’s oldest sensor built to track satellites and debris in orbit. The sys- Clear Air Force Base is home to the 13 Space Warning Squadron. tem has nine field stations located 13TH SPACE WARNING AN/FPS-123 model radar was originally along the 33rd parallel with three trans- SQUADRON located at Eldorado Air Station, TX as mitter sites at Lake Kickapoo, TX, Jor- The primary mission of the 13th Space part of the PAVE PAWS program and was dan Lake, AL, and Gila River, AZ, and Warning Squadron, located at Clear transplanted to Alaska in 2001 to replace six receiver sites at Fort Stewart, GA, AFS, is to provide early warning of the U.S.’s last mechanical missile warning Hawkinsville, GA, Silver Lake, MS, Red ICBMs and SLBMS to the NORAD’s radar site. The radar system has two River, AK, Elephant Butte, NM, and San MCC located at Cheyenne Mountain faces which together form a coverage Diego, CA. The field stations comprise AFS, CO. Its secondary mission is to area 240 degrees wide and 3,000 miles a bi-static radar that points straight up provide space surveillance data on deep into space. The coverage extends into space and produces a “fence” of earth-orbiting objects to the JSpOC also from the Ocean all the way to the electromagnetic energy. The system located in the Cheyenne Mountain West Coast of the lower 48 states. For can detect basketball-sized objects in Complex. Because of its excellent programmatic reason, Clear is still orbit around the Earth out to an effec- tracking capabilities, this type of radar referred to as BMEWS Site II. Thule AB tive range of 15,000 nautical miles. is very useful for tracking near-earth is BMEWS Site I, and Fylingdales is Over 5 million satellite detections, or satellites. The data they generate BMEWS Site III. The 13th SWS is observations, are collected by the sur- ensures the JSpOC is able to accurately another GSU of the 21st OG. veillance sensor each month. Data col- keep track of more than 9,500 objects lected by the Fence is transmitted to a in orbit. This allows them to keep 20TH SPACE CONTROL computer center at Dahlgren, where it manned objects, like the Space Shuttle SQUADRON is used to constantly update a database and International Space Station, out of The 20th SPCS, Eglin AFB, FL, a GSU of spacecraft orbital elements. 20th harm’s way and to closely monitor assigned to the 21st OG, operates and SPCS, DET 1 also operates the ASCC, objects re-entering the atmosphere, maintains the Air Forces’ only phased- which serves as the backup computa- which might impact populated areas. array space surveillance radar system tional, and command and control node The 13th SWS accomplishes these dedicated to tracking more than 8,300 for JSpOC at Cheyenne Mountain. missions using a solid state phased-array near-earth and deep-space objects as radar, which is housed in a triangular- part of the SSN. Commencing opera- 76th SPACE CONTROL shaped 11 story building on site. tion in December 1968, the AN/FPS-85 SQUADRON Raytheon builds the PAVE PAWS radars, PAVE PAWS model was the first The 76th SPCS at Peterson AFB, CO, is and deployed the first AN/FPS-115 phased-array radar developed to per- Air Force Space Command’s first model during the early 1980s. The form all-weather, day-night detection offensive and defensive counterspace antennas are designed to operate at a and tracking of man-made objects in technology squadron responsible for frequency of 420 to 450 MHz. The space. The AN/FPS-85 covers 120 operating space control capabilities to

24 21st Space Wing 2006 Base Guide rapidly achieve flexible and versatile GEODSS: DET 1, Socorro, NM; DET 2, NORAD and HQ AFSPC), Cheyenne space superiority in support of theater Diego Garcia, British Indian Ocean Mountain AFS, Schriever AFB, and 26 campaigns. The unit participates in Territories; and DET 3 at Maui, HI. worldwide locations. The 399 person- the evaluation and operation of coun- Like the other sensors in the SSN, nel that make up 21 MXG oversee a terspace technologies to meet combat- GEODSS provides metric data to diverse variety of responsive local pro- ant commander requirements, and JSpOC and ASCC, and photometric SOI grams like COMSEC accounting, infor- deploys counterspace prototypes to data to the USSTRATCOM JIC. mation assurance, hardware/software DOD exercises around the world. GEODSS is an optical system that configuration control, precision meas- The unit employs the world-wide uses a low-light level TV cameras, com- urement equipment laboratory support, deployable Counter-Communications puters and large telescopes. GEODSS and flight line services; as well as world- System (CCS) to temporarily disrupt tracks objects in deep space, or from wide reach programs like the manage- and deny an enemy’s satellite commu- about 2600 nautical miles out, to ment for more than 400 contracts valued nications capability. beyond geosynchronous altitudes, at over $1.65 billion to space warning, more than 19,000 nautical miles out. communications, and surveillance. The U.S. AIR FORCE LIASON GEODSS requires nighttime and clear group’s mission plays a central role in weather tracking because of the inher- providing unified and theater com- OFFICER (USAFLO) AT ent limitations of an optical system. manders with the essential communica- RAF FYLINGDALES Each site has three telescopes. The tel- tions needed to fight theater conflicts. The missile warning unit at RAF Fyling- escopes have a 40-inch aperture and a dales provides tactical warning of an two-degree field of view. The tele- 21ST PROGRAM ICBM attack against North America, the scopes are able to “see” objects 10,000 MANAGEMENT DIVISION UK and Europe. The unit also sup- times dimmer than the human eye can The Program Management Division ports the SSN by detecting and tracking detect. This sensitivity, and the fact that provides Program Management and near-Earth space vehicles. The site is the daytime sky background masks Quality Assurance support to 41 pro- unique because it operates the only satellites’ reflected light, dictates that grams with an approximate total con- PAVE PAWS radar covering 360 degrees the system operate at night. As with any tract value of $1 billion. This support is in azimuth. For programmatic reasons, ground-based optical system, cloud provided via three branches: the Pro- Fylingdales is still referred to as cover and local weather conditions gram Management Operations Branch, BMEWS Site III. Thule is BMEWS Site directly influence its effectiveness. Program Management Specialized I, and Clear is BMEWS Site II. GEODSS employs Sidereal and Rate Branch, and the Quality Assurance The U.S. Air Force presence at track to perform its Space Surveillance Branch. Program managers provide Fylingdales is a Liaison Officer who Mission. In Sidereal track the telescopes day-to-day support on a continuous reports thru the 21st OG. The Liaison scan the sky at the same rate as the basis by leading a multifunctional team Officer ensures the missile warning stars appear to move. In Rate Track tel- to ensure successful program execution and space surveillance data for the 21 escopes follow the path of the satellite within cost, schedule, and technical SW. The Liaison Officer is a bridge to as it passes overhead. performance baselines. For programs U.S. operations, maintaining mission DET 4 operates the $5M state-of-the- in reacquisition, the PM is responsible ready status and advising the RAF art Morón Optical Space Surveillance for developing the acquisition strategy Station Commander on U.S. Air Force System (MOSS), an optical telescope that and implementing the reacquisition operational issues. The USAFLO also detects and tracks earth-orbiting objects process. The Quality Assurance Branch serves as a Resource Advisor and the in deep space. MOSS is another dedi- provides surveillance planning, per- Quality Assurance Evaluator for the cated sensor in the SSN. forms quality systems/performance U.S. Communications contractor. management audits of contractors, 21ST MAINTENANCE quality programs, and provides training 21ST OPERATIONS GROUP to all quality assurance evaluators. GROUP DETACHMENTS 1-4 The 21st Maintenance Group is 21ST SPACE The 21st OG also controls and operates accountable for the maintenance and four dedicated optical space tracking program support of $76 million in com- COMMUNICATIONS sites in the SSN. Three of the sites are munications/computer systems servic- SQUADRON part of the Ground-Based Electro-Opti- ing 10,000 users at Peterson AFB Supporting the Air Force’s commit- cal Deep Space Surveillance system, or (including HQ USNORTHCOM, HQ ment to information superiority, the

2006 Base Guide 21st Space Wing 25 21st Space Communications Squadron Missile Early Warning Systems, Perime- contractors, and their families using provides responsive communications, ter Acquisition Radar Attack Characteri- Peterson AFB. The 21st Mission Sup- information, mission systems, postal zation System, and the AN-FPS 85 deep port Group is comprised of more than support and visual information serv- space surveillance radar supporting the 1,700 warriors from six squadrons, all ices to its customers around the Integrated Tactical Warning/Attack dedicated to protecting and caring for globe. This includes equipping, Assessment systems. 21st MOF also the Air Force’s most valuable training, and providing personnel to acts as the wing liaison to AFSPC, 14th resource—you! operate and maintain ground com- Air Force, SMC Detachment 11, and munications, electronics, computer Combatant Commanders Command 21ST MISSION systems and facilities supporting and Control Systems Group, on all NORAD-USNORTHCOM, USSTRAT- maintenance issues. SUPPORT SQUADRON COM, HQ AFSPC, SMDC/ARSTRAT, The 21st MSS supports 21st Space Wing people and tenant organizations at HQ DISA, the 302d AW, the 21 SW 21ST MISSION and its world-wide Geographically Peterson, Schriever, and Cheyenne Separated Units and the numerous SUPPORT GROUP Mountain. It also indirectly supports all other Team Pete organizations. The The 21st Mission Support Group pro- 21st SW geographically separated units. squadron fulfills these responsibilities vides expeditionary combat support The 21st MSS handles military and civil- through its five flights—Mission Sys- personnel and equipment to our ian personnel functions, education, tems, Information Systems, Plans, nation’s combatant commanders human resources, manpower and Space Control, and GSU support. In worldwide. Group members support organization, community and family addition, the 21 SCS provides meteoro- the projection of combat power by our support, the First Term Airmen’s Center, logical services to Cheyenne Mountain, nation’s premier air, ground, maritime and the Airman Leadership School. The the U.S. Air Force Academy and Fort and special operations forces. In addi- squadron also provides Commanders Carson. The squadron also provides tion, the group provides world-class Support Staff functions for NORAD- graphics, photo lab, film library, photo mission and quality-of-life support to USNORTHCOM, USSTRATCOM, the maintenance, presentations, and public a population of more than 50,000 mil- 21st MSG, 21st SW staff agencies, AND address support. itary members, civilians, retirees, 21ST LRS.

21ST MAINTENANCE OPERATIONS FLIGHT The 21st Maintenance Operations Flight is responsible for managing mainte- nance and coordinating depot-level maintenance support for 24 geographi- cally separated missile warning and defense and space control sensor units worldwide. The flight also provides Core Automated Maintenance System support, Joint Computer Aided Acquisi- tion and Logistics Support, and Mainte- nance Data Analysis. Contract oversight is provided for Transient Alert Aircraft Maintenance and Aerospace Ground Equipment Maintenance. More than 2,500 transient aircraft are serviced each year. The flight also oversees the Precision Measurement Equipment Laboratory. Maintenance support is provided for the Ground Based Electro- Optical Deep Space Surveillance, PAVE Warning Systems, Ballistic The Mission Support Squadron provides many of its support functions in building 350.

26 21st Space Wing 2006 Base Guide 21ST CONTRACTING SQUADRON The 21st Contracting Squadron negoti- ates and manages contracts directly supporting missile warning and space control for the 21st Space Wing, pro- viding support for geographically sepa- rated units around the world. The 21st CONS also provides contract support in a partnering relationship to other mili- tary installations, including the U.S. Air Force Academy, Schriever AFB and Fort Carson Army Post. Annual contract expenditures exceed $300 million, while on-going contract actions are over $1.65 billion. The squadron, one of the largest in the Air Force, is spread over six locations on base, one location in downtown Colorado Springs, and a detachment in Copenhagen, Denmark. The squadron’s administrative offices are located in building 982, next to the Peterson Air and Space Museum. A security forces member checks ID cards at the gate. 21ST CIVIL ENGINEER • Provide Explosive Ordnance Disposal Services events are published weekly SQUADRON support to Team Pete and local in the Space Observer and a Services The 21st Civil Engineer Squadron, authorities. newsletter is available to club members. building 1324, manages and controls resources involving about $400 million 21ST SERVICES SQUADRON 21ST SECURITY FORCES in real property and 1,286 acres of land The 21st Services Squadron’s pro- SQUADRON at Peterson AFB. grams, facilities and services enhance The 21st Security Forces Squadron Unit missions: force readiness and esprit de corps. headquarters and Security Forces Desk • Prepare military members for world- The squadron’s administrative offices are located in building 1376. The wide mobility contingencies. are in building 1042. squadron’s motto is to “Protect and • Maintain, repair and construct essen- The staff strives to provide the Serve with Honor, Integrity and tial facilities and utility infrastructure best leisure and recreational services Courage.” This squadron provides systems to include electrical power ranging from sports and fitness to police services for people and property systems, water and natural gas distri- outdoor adventure. The squadron at Peterson to include the management bution systems, and base roads and also manages the transient quarters of the Installation Information and pavements. and lodging facilities, and provides Industrial Security programs. • Provide fire protection and prevention. mortuary affairs services, and honor The 21st SFS also provides the only • Administer environmental and family guard teams. military working dog support for the housing programs. Services keeps people informed of local Air Force community. The global • Run the base self-help center, sup- upcoming activities through a direct- mission entails supporting geographi- porting “do-it-yourself” work for the mail program. cally separated units and contingencies office or military family housing. Call the marketing and publicity worldwide. The security forces desk • Provide comprehensive technical office at (719) 556-4598 or DSN can be reached at 556-4000 for routine engineering and environmental sup- 834-4598 for a registration form. The business. port including contract management direct-mail program sends notice For emergencies or to report a crime and mobile quality assurance to of programs to your home address in progress, call 911 or Crime Stop at wing geographically separated units. each month. 556-4357.

2006 Base Guide 21st Space Wing 27 For current information, call (719) 556-4775 or DSN 834-4775.

THE FLIGHT TRAINING CENTER If the sky’s your limit, the flight train- ing center is for you. It offers Federal Aviation Administration certification flight training for private, commercial, instructor, and instrument pilots for single-engine, multi-engine, and Air- line Transport Pilot certification. All courses offered by the club are Fed- eral Aviation Regulation Part-141 and Dept. of Veteran’s Affairs Administra- tion approved. The center’s aircraft are for train- ing, recreational flights, multi-engine

The Military Personnel Flight provides service to military members. training, and temporary duty assign- ments. The Air Force encourages the MILITARY PERSONNEL Cheyenne Mountain, and Thule, use of the center’s aircraft as a means FLIGHT Greenland. to get to temporary duty assignments The military personnel flight provides Personnel services provided include whenever possible to save money service to more than 6,400 active-duty Air the classification of positions and and time. Force, multi-service members, and more employee and labor management Ground schools for all ratings are than 50,000 family members and retirees relations. The staffing of positions and available and the flight training center’s in the greater Colorado Springs area. employee benefits and entitlements are training school is FAA approved. The MPF is in building 350. The cus- processed through the Air Force Per- Ground school tuition assistance is tomer service counter is your first stop sonnel Center, Randolph AFB, . available for active-duty military mem- en route to any MPF office. General The CPF is open weekdays from bers and some colleges accept credit information and identification cards for 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. and by appointment. for aviation courses. active duty members, retirees, and authorized family members are provid- ed at the counter. Information and assistance are also available on a variety of programs including records, awards and decora- tions, assignments, promotions, sepa- rations and retirements, formal training programs, and casualty assistance. The MPF is open from 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. Monday through Friday. To talk to a customer service representative, call (719) 556-1716 or DSN 834-1716.

CIVILIAN PERSONNEL The civilian personnel flight is located in building 350, on the first floor. The CPF services more than 2,000 civilian workers assigned to Peterson, Customer Service is a top priority.

28 21st Space Wing 2006 Base Guide Military aircraft mechanics can take classes to transfer their military certifi- cate to an FAA certificate. For more information, call (719) 556-4310 or DSN 834-4310.

FIRST TERM AIRMEN’S CENTER The purpose of the First Term Air- men’s Center is to transition airmen from the controlled environment of Basic Military Training and technical school to one of self-discipline after they arrive at their first duty station. The FTAC also provides a streamlined process for base/unit in-processing and orientation to the base and local area. The center strives to provide new airmen with the tools they need to make their first enlistments and Air Force careers a success. For more information on the FTAC, call (719) 556-9158.

AIRMAN LEADERSHIP SCHOOL The Airman Leadership School offers Continuing education opportunities are available. professional military education to all Level Examination Program; or the Force organization structure; orga- Team Pete Senior Airmen. The four- Air Force Institute for Advanced Dis- nizational and manpower standards; person staff teaches eight, six-week tributed Learning (AFIADL). manpower resources, military classes annually with an average class • The center also has professional grades, manpower planning and size of 30 students per class. military seminars for Air Command execution system, and peacetime For more information about the and Staff College, and Air War Col- and wartime manpower require- school, call (719) 556-7737 or DSN lege. Counseling is available on all ments and utilization; A-76 commer- 834-7737. programs. cial activities and competitive For more information or to make an sourcing and privatization studies. EDUCATION CENTER appointment, call (719) 556-4064 or MOF also manages process reengi- The education center is on the first DSN 834-4064. neering, continuous improvement floor of building 1141. It offers educa- initiatives, management consulting tional opportunities ranging from services, and teambuilding. Sup- associate’s degrees through master’s MANPOWER AND porting services include facilitating degrees. ORGANIZATION FLIGHT off-sites, workshops, and meetings Undergraduate, graduate and post- The Manpower and Organization Flight using Group Systems technology. graduate opportunities are available on (MOF) is located in building 845, on Promotes and is the focal point for and off base through several local uni- the second floor in room 213. The MOF the Air Force Innovative Develop- versities and colleges. provides manpower support to all 21st ment through Employee Awareness Test for college credit at the center SW units, to include geographically (IDEA) Program. through: separated units. For more information about man- • The Defense Activity for Non-Tradi- MOF manages manpower and power and organization support, call tional Education Support; College organization functions including Air (719) 556-4837 or DSN 834-4837.

2006 Base Guide 21st Space Wing 29 LIBRARY The library is in building 1171. The NAF operation serves about 88,000 people a year. The library’s 32,000 vol- umes cover all subject areas, with emphasis on science and technology. It also has CD-ROMs such as RAC and CD Newsbank. College Level Equivalence Program study guides and videos are available. The library also offers books on tape. It maintains a collection of 105 peri- odicals, 12 daily and Sunday newspa- pers, and back issues of periodicals on microfilm. Library computers can deliver full-text periodical articles. For more information, call (719) Professional Military Education enhances leadership abilities. 556-7462 or DSN 834-7462. NCO ACADEMY level of the enlisted corps. This The Forrest L. Vosler NCO Academy is course is a requirement for promotion BASE HOUSING one of nine NCO academies in the con- to master sergeant. People may apply for on-base quarters tinental United States assigned to the Class sizes average 87 NCOs from at Peterson by submitting an advance College for Enlisted Professional Mili- bases located throughout the North- application to the family housing man- tary Education, Air Education and western Region. There are seven classes agement office. The waiting period Training Command. The NCO academy annually with a formal graduation ban- varies according to the applicant’s educates mid-level NCOs in areas of quet upon conclusion. grade and family size, but people in all Profession of Arms, Leadership & Man- For more information, call (719) grades can expect to wait three to 18 agement, and Communications skills 556-7592 or DSN 834-7592. months for quarters. for a total of 220 curriculum hours. New arrivals to the base must The knowledge student’s gain from DINING FACILITIES report to the base housing referral this level of PME enhances their The Aragon Dining Facility, the air- office before entering into any rental, supervisory skills and prepares them men’s dining hall in building 1160, seats lease or purchase agreement for off- to meet the responsibilities of the next 250 and can serve up to 750 at each base housing. The office is in building 850 located at 710 Loring Ave and is open from 7 a.m. to 4 p.m., Monday through Friday. Low-cost housing is limited in Colorado Springs. Utility costs vary, and natural gas is the most common heating fuel. In Colorado Springs, three-bedroom homes rent from $1050 and up. Four- bedroom homes rent for $1200 and up. These prices do not include utilities or security deposits. Apartments range from $595 and up for a one-bedroom and $645 and up for a two-bedroom and $795 and up for a three-bedroom. Some apartments include utility costs as part of the rent. Furnished apartments are limited in the Colorado Springs area. The Aragon Dining Facility is located in building 1160.

30 21st Space Wing 2006 Base Guide meal. The dining hall operates seven track; outdoor tennis courts; handball Sunday that is open to all ranks. Dinner days a week on an a-la-carte system. and racquetball courts; men’s and is served Tuesday through Saturday Call 556-4782 for the menu recording. women’s saunas; weight room; the with various dining specials. Monday through Sunday hours are Colorado Room with cardiovascular Take advantage of professional 5:30 to 8 a.m. for breakfast, 11 a.m. to workout equipment; a football/soccer party planning and catering services. 1 p.m. for lunch, 4 to 6 p.m. for dinner, field with a quarter-mile track; softball The club offers a casual lounge, main and 7 to 9 p.m. for carry-out service. fields; and a 20-station fitness trail. lounge with fireplace, several party Holiday hours are 6 to 10 a.m. for The fitness center offers intramural rooms, and a spacious ballroom. brunch, 11 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. for dinner, sports, aerobics and physical condi- Club membership is offered to all and 7 to 9 p.m. for carry-out service. tioning, monthly fun runs, massage officers and DOD members in grades The Granite Inn Dining Facility is at therapy, cardiovascular training, and GS-07 or higher and non-appropriated Cheyenne Mountain AFS. It seats 112 special tournaments and competitions. fund equivalents. For more information, people. The facility is open seven days For more information, call 556-4462 or call (719) 556-4181 or DSN 834-4181. a week and is on an a-la-carte system. DSN 834-4462. Monday through Friday hours are Cheyenne Mountain AFS has three ENLISTED CLUB 5:30 to 7:30 a.m. for breakfast, 10:45 a.m. fitness facilities. The room inside the The club, in building 725, features a to 1 p.m. for lunch, 4 to 5:30 p.m. for mountain has cardiovascular equip- 300-seat ballroom, a sports lounge, dinner and 11 p.m. to 12:30 a.m. for ment, free weights, and a men’s and and the Buffalo Grill restaurant. Enjoy night meal. Weekend and holiday hours women’s sauna. The second area, in the club’s wide-screen TV, game are 6 to 10 a.m. for breakfast, 11 a.m. to the Technical Support Facility, has room with pool tables and video 5:30 p.m. for dinner, and 11 p.m. to weightlifting and exercise equipment, games, party room, and food and 12:30 a.m. for night meals. and a co-ed sauna. All areas have beverage service. cycling and rowing equipment. The The Buffalo Grill serves up tempting FITNESS AND racquetball facility has a men’s and deli sandwiches, a lunch buffet, and is SPORTS CENTER women’s locker room. Cheyenne open to all ranks. The club’s catering Mountain also has a softball field and The fitness and sports center offers service can help plan the ideal gathering. picnic pavilions. For more information, year-round physical conditioning pro- Club membership brings complete call (719) 474-2286 or DSN 268-2286. grams for groups and individuals. charging privileges at all Services The fitness center, buildings 560 facilities and, for qualifying members, and 570, features indoor and outdoor OFFICERS’ CLUB universal charging privileges off-base. basketball courts; a multi-purpose The Peterson Officers’ Club is located Membership benefits include: Check room; a three-stage indoor climbing in building 1013 on Stewart Avenue. cashing privileges, coupons, and wall for novice, intermediate and Breakfast and lunch are served Monday weekday bar bingo. expert climbers; an indoor running through Friday, as well as brunch each Members under 21 years old qualify for reduced membership rates. Call (719) 556-4194 or DSN 834-4194 for more information.

AQUATICS CENTER The aquatics center is a year-round indoor facility with a wading pool fea- turing the following: • Recreational swimming • Lap swimming • Youth swim team • Adult, seniors, children’s and tod- dler’s group and private swimming lessons • Lifeguard courses • Aerobics and physical therapy classes Year-round physical conditioning programs are available at the Fitness and Sports Center. • Special activities

2006 Base Guide 21st Space Wing 31 During the winter, the indoor water lifts, a specialized stall for recreational temperature hovers at a pleasant 84 vehicles with a drive-up lift, a sanding/ degrees. Taking a dip in the pool is body work stall and a steam clean- refreshing at any time. ing stall. Also available is a water slide; a small The 12-stall facility also offers a physical conditioning area; lifecycle and coin-operated car wash facility, in cardio training equipment; two eight- building 1361, adjacent to the base post person therapeutic spas; a dry co-ed office. For more information, call (719) sauna; and a handicapped swim lift for 556-4481 or DSN 834-4481. the pool. Rent the pool after hours for private parties or schedule a birthday party during open swim. Annual passes SILVER SPRUCE for frequent users are available giving GOLF COURSE discounts on group swim lessons. The 18-hole Silver Spruce Golf Course Call (719) 556-4608 or DSN 834-4608 comes complete with driving range, for more information. practice greens, chipping green and clubhouse with snack bar (19th Hole BOWLING CENTER Grill), pro shop, locker rooms and a golf club storage area. Golf course The Bowling Center is located in membership is offered to all DOD ID building 406. The bowling center card holders. If you would like more offers year-round bowling leagues, a The Silver Spruce Golf Course is located on information about fees or services, call snack bar with daily specials, youth Peterson AFB. (719) 556-7414 or DSN 834-7414. birthday parties, bowling lessons and a packages on a daily, weekly, or sea- complete pro shop. Check out the state sonal basis. Snowboards, bib overalls, of the art lighting and weekly bowling OUTDOOR RECREATION ski racks, and children’s rental pack- specials. For more information, call PROGRAM ages are all available for rent as well. (719) 556-4607 or DSN 834-4607. With Colorado’s great outdoors right in The ski shop staff can assist you with our backyard, the Peterson outdoor maintenance services, including bind- AUTO SKILLS CENTER adventure program is your ticket to a ing, mounting, waxing, P-texing, and The auto skills center lets do-it-your- world of adventure. edging. A full tuning service with stone selfers take advantage of four standard Warm weather programs include grinding is also available. fishing, sailing, camping, rock climbing, Recreation supply—in the ski shop— and whitewater rafting trips. Winter lets patrons check out recreational, brings camping and survival trips, ATV sporting, and camping equipment. It trips, cross-country skiing lessons and has everything from mountain bikes trips, and ice climbing. Hunting and and sleeping bags to fishing boats and fishing licenses are also available. ice chests. The base stocks three fishing ponds Recreation supply is also the place on Silver Spruce Golf Course with rain- to rent a space to store your recre- bow, cutthroat, and brook trout several ational vehicles in the base RV lot. For times each fishing season. To fish, you more information, call (719) 556-4867 must have a Colorado license and a or DSN 834-4867. Peterson pond permit, available at the Outdoor Recreation center. People can FAMILY SUPPORT CENTER fish mid-March to mid-November. A The Family Support Center’s mission is rules booklet outlines fishing hours and to support readiness by linking indi- catch policies. viduals and families with the effective The ski shop operates from mid- resources to meet their professional October through April 30 each year. It and personal needs. The FSC offers sells skis and accessories and offers information and referral, personal and The Auto Skills Center lets you work on your car. recreational and competition rental family readiness, transition assistance,

32 21st Space Wing 2006 Base Guide relocation assistance, financial man- agement, volunteer, and spouse employment services. The services are available to all military ID cardholders. The FSC is located in building 350 on the first floor. The FSC is open from 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. Monday through Friday. For more information, call (719) 556-6141 or DSN 834-6141.

COMMUNITY ACTIVITIES CENTER The community activities center houses: • The Information, Ticket and Tour office, which offers discount lift tickets for Colorado’s premiere ski areas, entertainment, educational, cultural, and sporting events. It also offers an exciting array of trips and tours Skiing is a popular recreation in Colorado. throughout the year to places such as Check in time is 2 p.m. or earlier Lodge at (719) 556-7851 or Mount Rushmore, S.D., Durango/ depending upon room availability. DSN 834-7851. You can also fax Silverton, Colo., Las Vegas, and Dis- Check out time is 11 a.m. Pikes Peak reservations to (719) 556-7852 or neyland in California, to name a few. Lodge has 153 Visiting Quarters, DSN 834-7852. Reservations may ITT handles discount lodging arrange- including Visiting Airmen Quarters, in also be e-mailed to: ments for Colorado resorts. buildings 1026, 1030 and 1143. VQ [email protected]. • A full-service awards shop, which rates range from $26.50 to $28.50 per features custom laser engraving and day. They also have 67 Temporary express printing, silk screening, Lodging Facilities that primarily serve R.P. LEE embroidery, and a balloon delivery families in permanent change of sta- YOUTH CENTER service. The awards shop can per- tion status. TLF rates are $30 per day. The R.P. Lee Youth Center offers sonalize gifts such as mugs, T-shirts, In addition, they also have 9 Business before- and after-school programs and pen sets, hats, and plaques. Suites and 1 General Officer House with full-day summer camp for children 6 to • The custom frame shop, which allows rates ranging from $36.50 to $44 per 12 years old. A part-day enrichment customers to frame their own projects day. All rooms are equipped with DSL program is offered for children 3 to 5 or have the staff do it for them. It high-speed internet. No pets or smoking years old. Pre-teen and teen programs offers custom framing classes on a allowed. For more information, call are ongoing and include such activities regular basis throughout the year. The frame shop also specializes in shadow boxes and flag boxes. Call 556-7671 or DSN 834-7671 for information about the community activities center pro- grams and services.

PIKES PEAK LODGING OFFICE Pikes Peak Lodge is located in build- ing 1042, 125 E. Stewart Ave. The front desk is ready to serve you 24 hours a day, seven days a week. R.P. Lee Youth Center.

2006 Base Guide 21st Space Wing 33 as leadership clubs, special events and Patients who have emergency or urgent beginning at 7 a.m., Monday through trips, computer lab, homework help medical conditions should dial 911 or Friday. For after hours care contact and a recreational game room. report to the nearest emergency room. your primary care provider at Youth sports leagues are recre- Active duty members have first pri- (719) 556-CARE. ational and include baseball, ority for same-day appointments and For all other clinics, please call (719) indoor/outdoor soccer, basketball and should contact (719) 556-CARE begin- 556-CARE and follow the prompts. flag football. Youth sports camps are ning at 6:30 a.m., Monday through Inpatient care and specialty refer- available during the summer and Friday; other Tricare Prime benefici- rals are provided by the Air Force include archery, golf, flag football, aries requiring a same day appoint- Academy Hospital, Evans Army Com- baseball, soccer, and tennis. ment should contact (719) 556-CARE munity Hospital at Fort Carson Army Volunteers for youth sports are always needed. For more information on any youth center program, call (719) 556-7220/8430 or DSN 834-7220/8430.

CHILD DEVELOPMENT CENTER The Peterson child development center is an enrichment program that adheres to the strict guidelines set forth by the Department of Defense. With two centers, the program serves more than 350 children. For information about enrolling a child in the center, call (719) 556-7460. Parents can join in the center’s planned activities and attend quarterly educational sessions sponsored by the center’s staff. Full-time programs are available. The Family Child Care program cer- tifies on-base residents who want to provide day care in their homes. Licensing classes are held periodically throughout the year. For more infor- mation, call the Family Childcare office at (719) 556-4322.

21ST MEDICAL GROUP The 21st Medical Group runs the Peter- son Clinic, a modern, well-equipped medical and dental facility.

MEDICAL SERVICES The 21st Medical Group provides outpatient services including family practice, aerospace medicine, pedi- atrics, women’s health, optometry, orthopedics and physical medicine. The clinic does not have an emer- gency room or an ambulance service. The Peterson Clinic is a modern, well-equipped medical and dental facility.

34 21st Space Wing 2006 Base Guide After normal duty hours, patients • Tricare Prime with dental emergencies should report • Tricare Extra to the Air Force Academy’s emergency • Tricare Standard room. Emergency dental care is limited Active-duty people are automatically to treatment to relieve pain, or to treat enrolled in Prime. All other beneficiar- severe infections or injuries to oral ies must choose their Tricare option. structures. Under the Prime option, each enrollee is Dental treatment for family mem- assigned a primary care manager who bers not enrolled in the Tricare Dental manages their health care. This includes Program is extremely limited and avail- arranging any necessary specialty able strictly on a space-available basis. appointments. In addition to routine It is recommended that active-duty and specialty care, this program family members enroll in the TDP, includes health promotions activities which covers most dental treatments. such as cholesterol screening, mam- Call the health benefits advisor, mography, smoking cessation, PAP (719) 556-1016, or United Concordia, smears, and hearing and eye examina- the TDP contractor, at 1-800-622-2256, tions on a regular basis. for more information. The program also provides for ready Retirees and their family members access to health care—military treatment can obtain emergency care, dental facilities must meet access standards of examinations, cleanings, and limited seven days for routine appointments restorative care on a space-available and 24 hours for acute care. Medical Services on Peterson AFB include basis. Retirees and their family mem- Optometry. Direct questions concerning Tricare bers should enroll in the Tricare to the local Tricare Customer Service Post, Memorial Hospital (civilian hos- Retiree Dental Program, which covers Center at (719) 264-5000 or contact the pital) and the Penrose Health Care Sys- most dental treatments. Beneficiary Counselor and Assistance tem (civilian hospital). Call Delta Dental, the TRDP con- Coordinator at (719) 556-1016. Active-duty members should enroll tractor, at 1-888-838-8737, for more If you have problems with debt col- family members in the Defense information. lection agencies over your denied Enrollment Eligibility Reporting Sys- claims, contact the Debt Collection tem, or DEERS. TRICARE Assistance Officer at (719) 556-1016. Refer questions about DEERS to the Tricare offers military beneficiaries a You may also visit the Tricare Service military personnel flight customer triple-option approach to health care: Center located within the Peterson clinic. service section at (719) 556-7377.

DENTAL CLINIC The dental clinic is located within the main clinic and offers a full range of dental care for active-duty personnel. Routine examinations for Air Force personnel are scheduled through the member’s unit dental examination appointment monitor. Members of other military services can contact the dental clinic at (719) 556-1333 or 1335 to schedule an examination. Emergencies will be seen in the dental clinic by calling (719) 556-1333 or (719) 556-1335, Monday through Friday for a same day appointment. The base dental clinic provides services to military members and retirees.

2006 Base Guide 21st Space Wing 35 AEROSPACE support unpressurized flight at or above LIFE SKILLS PHYSIOLOGY UNIT 18,000 feet. These personnel are an SUPPORT CENTER The Carter P. Luna Aerospace Physiol- integral part of the aircrew and serve The Life Skills Center is located in ogy Training Flight prepares personnel as in-flight technical experts for the building 1171 adjacent to the base for the human factor challenges inher- mission commander on the unique library. The facility houses the Alcohol ent to military operations with the goal oxygen equipment and life-threatening and Drug Abuse Prevention and Treat- of increasing overall readiness and physiological threats associated with ment Program, the Family Advocacy mission effectiveness. Our mission is unpressurized, high-altitude flight. Program and Mental Health Services. three-fold: HPTT activities center on helping The Life Skills Support Center works individuals and organizations of Team to prevent and treat substance abuse 1) Aerospace physiology training—train Pete improve their performance by Department of Defense aircrew and problems, family maltreatment (to providing education, training, and con- include emotional, physical and sexual high-altitude parachutists, Air Force sultation on a variety of potential Academy cadets, and Federal Avia- maltreatment), and mental health diffi- human performance threats—fatigue culties, with a focus on helping people tion Administration-certified civilian and shift work, deployment, team com- pilots on the human factor and phys- better handle the stresses of daily life munication and management, night associated with a career in the military. iological threats of modern aviation; vision devices, and operational stress. 2) High-altitude airdrop mission sup- The Life Skills Support Center offers The Aerospace Physiology Training classes to help build essential skills, port or HAAMS—ensure crew safety Flight, located in building 425, is open and equipment integrity during sometimes followed with individual or from 0630 to 1530 Monday through Fri- group psychotherapy as needed. When high-altitude airdrop missions; and day. For additional information or to 3) Human performance training team requested, the center will send people schedule training, call DSN 834-4185 or to units for briefings or workshops. (HPTT)—integrate human perform- commercial (719) 556-4185. ance training and education into Classes available through the Life Team Pete operations. Skills Support Center include, but are HEALTH AND not limited to: Aerospace physiology training consists • Stress Management of classroom instruction, hands-on WELLNESS CENTER • Parenting training, and an altitude (or hypobaric) The HAWC offers classes and individ- • Family Abuse Awareness chamber flight. The instruction is tai- ual counseling in wellness areas such • Healthy Thinking lored to the individual’s specific as nutrition, fitness, tobacco cessation, • Suicide Prevention weapon system and/or operational CPR, self-care, cholesterol control, high • Relationship Enhancement Program mission with the intent of maximizing blood pressure, weight management, crew performance. and health-risk assessment. Certain In Family Advocacy, the Special Topics of instruction include: programs are limited to active-duty Needs Identification Assignment members. Exercise programs are open Coordination (SNIAC) assists military • Altitude-related physiology to those over the age of 16. people with family members needing • Situational awareness and attention Located in the fitness and sports specialized educational, medical or management center, building 560, the HAWC’s hours emotional care. • Mission- and self-imposed stress are 7:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday SNIAC also helps the member locate • Spatial disorientation, visual illusions, through Friday. and use appropriate services for their and airsickness Free classes and programs are open dependents. Enrollment of special • G-induced loss of consciousness to all DOD ID cardholders. The HAWC needs family members is mandatory. During altitude chamber training, stu- is a member of the “People Helping The nurse specialist assists full-time dents experience the effects of a low- People Team,” also known as the Inte- parents as needed. pressure environment and the subtle grated Delivery System. Though primarily an active-duty effects of hypoxia (oxygen deprivation). The HAWC is neither equipped nor clinic, family members are welcome to This training also prepares students to staffed as a medical rehabilitation cen- use the prevention courses available. effectively use aircrew life support ter and follows exercise guidelines set For more information, to set up an equipment in this austere environment. forth by the American College of Sports appointment or sign up for a class, call HAAMS operations involve the use of Medicine. For more information, call the Life Skills Support Center and qualified Aerospace Physiology Techni- 556-4292 or visit their website at ADAPT at 556-7804 or Family Advocacy cians (PT) or Aerospace Physiologists to www.peterson.af.mil/hawc. at 556-8943.

36 21st Space Wing 2006 Base Guide support of missile warning and space surveillance operations missions. The 821st ABG provides security, communications, civil engineering, personnel, services, logistics, and med- ical support to remote active duty units in a combined United States, Canadian, Danish, and Greenlandic environment of more than 800 military, civilian, and contractor personnel. The 821st ABG operates DOD’s northernmost seaport and provides a unique platform for arctic training, The 821st Air Base Group is located at Thule Air Base, Greenland. international scientific research, and environmental programs. services mission manages installation 721ST MISSION Because of its location in the arctic, security, pass and registration and SUPPORT GROUP the base is completely self-sufficient, antiterrorism missions supporting the The 721st Mission Support Group with its own electric and steam plants, Combined Commander and bi-national ensures the people at Cheyenne and water filtration and pumping sys- forces. It also oversees the Department Mountain Air Force Station have all the tem. The unit maintains 65 miles of of Defense Information and Industrial support they need to carry out roads, which connects it to several loca- Security programs protecting classified NORAD’s many missions. tions necessary to support the mission. information. The squadron provides expertly trained combat support 721ST forces to Theater Commanders HISTORY COMMUNICATIONS engaged in the Global War on Ter- In 1946, a combined Danish-American SQUADRON rorism. The 721 SFS is Air Force radio and weather station was estab- lished at Dundas, later called Thule. The 721st CS operates and maintains Space Command’s “Best Small SF International tensions prompted command, control, computer, commu- unit” for 2003 and 2004. Denmark and the United States to sign nication, and intelligence systems that a defense treaty allowing the con- process, reduce, and display the air, 821ST AIR BASE GROUP struction of a complete air base. Thule land and space picture for the Missile The 821st Air Base Group, Thule Air was built during the summers of 1951 Warning Center, Space Control Center, Base, Greenland—the northernmost and 1952. NORAD Battle Management Center U.S. base—is the host unit for Thule Air The origin of the 821st ABG goes and the NORAD-USNORTHCOM Com- Base. The group is a geographically back to the establishment of the Ballistic mand Center. separated unit of the 21st SW. Missile Early Warning Site in 1961. The squadron ensures connectivity The 821st ABG: Operates a 10,000- Throughout the years, several for more than 4,000 data circuits to foot and associated airfield, the commands were responsible for the sensor sites and forward users around only airfield in northern Greenland base, including Northeast Air Com- the world. Its command and control capable of supporting jet aircraft. mand, Air Defense Command and systems are always available for Operates the world’s northernmost Strategic Air Command. NORAD missions. deep-water port. The unit was first designated as Provides logistics re-supply opera- the 12th Missile Warning Squadron 721ST SECURITY FORCES tions support for smaller military sites and later became the 12th Missile SQUADRON both in Greenland and northern Canada, Warning Group. The 721 SFS provides world-class force as well as support for several arctic sci- AFSPC took control of Thule in 1983 protection and security for the conti- entific studies. and the unit was redesignated as the nent’s premier Air, Space, and Missile 12th SWS in 1992. Warning operation’s centers at MISSION In June 2002, the 821st Air Base Cheyenne Mountain Air Force Station. The mission of the 821st ABG is to Group was created as the host unit for The unit along with a limited police operate and maintain Thule Air Base in Thule Air Base.

2006 Base Guide 21st Space Wing 37 Community Services

Ent Federal Credit Union has a branch office on Peterson Air Force Base.

ENT FEDERAL more information. For emergency Separation and retirement briefings, CREDIT UNION service please call the 24-hour emer- 4-day TAP seminar, 4-hour TAP class, gency line at 1-877-272-7337. job search/employment classes. People assigned to Peterson Com- • Spouse Employment: Military Spouse plex can become members of the Ent Virtual Assistance (MSVA) program, Federal Credit Union, which has a FAMILY SUPPORT CENTER Computer Based Training (CBT), relo- branch office on Peterson AFB in The Family Support Center (FSC) cated spouse grants, career counsel- building 1345. enhances quality of life and supports ing, job search/employment classes. For additional information on mission readiness by helping active duty • Relocation and Family Services: services the credit union offers, call members and military families adapt to Sponsorship, Smooth Move, Right (719) 574-1100. the demands of Air Force life. The Peter- Start, base information, foreign lan- son FSC offers 52 different services guage tapes, and the loan locker. 5 STAR AFBA BANK under 9 core program areas. Below is a • Family Life Education: Key Spouse 5 Star AFBA Bank branch office is in listing of FSC programs, along with a Program, Single Parent Network, building 1485. The bank offers a wide sampling of services provided: Heart Link, adoption forum, counsel- range of services, including no-fee • Readiness: Deployment briefings, ing assessments, services for immi- gold and standard Visa and Master- Welcome Back Peterson, Helping gration and naturalization issues. Card, checking accounts, money market Hands, free childcare for returning • School Liaison Officer deposit accounts, certificates of deposit, deployees, video phones, morale • Volunteer Program student loans, and home mortgages. For calls, and phone cards. Family Services is the volunteer branch more information, call (719) 574-2777. • Personal Financial Management: of the FSC. The valuable volunteers Individual financial counseling and who maintain the Loan Closet also AMERICAN RED CROSS financial education classes. ensure informational brochures and The American Red Cross office • Air Force Aid: Emergency financial videos on other military installations, serves the Peterson Complex, U.S. assistance, Bundles for Babies, Car and foreign military tapes are available Air Force Academy, and other geo- Care, Give Parents a Break, Childcare for loan. Additionally, Family Services graphically separated units. Call for PCS, Nursing Moms. also provides complimentary layettes (719) 556-7590 or DSN 834-7590 for • Transition Assistance Program: for newborn infants of E-5s and below.

38 A limited emergency food pantry also exists to provide temporary food aid to families in need of assistance. The Transition Assistance Program (TAP) assists separating or retiring Air Force members identify legal, financial, and educational benefits. An extensive job search program, including one-on- one counseling and skill-development seminars, are also provided. The Spouse Employment Program provides career counseling, job search techniques, computer instruction to upgrade skills, as well as job referrals and networking opportunities. An employment resource center has com- The commissary provides a wide variety of groceries. puter software accessible to help indi- For more information about the major appliances, magazines, luggage, viduals complete resumes, write cover Family Support Center programs, and many other convenience items. letters, and access local job listings. please contact the Center at 556-6141 There is also a Colorado souvenir shop. The volunteer program recognizes or DSN 834-6141 or visit the staff in Other services include pizza and hot the contributions of volunteers and building 350, room 1015. dog stands, beauty and barber shops, strives to link individuals with agencies optical center, and a watch repair shop. that will enhance personal and profes- All stores accept major national sional development. COMMISSARY credit cards. The Personal Financial Management The commissary is near the Base The main exchange hours are from Program provides individual and family Exchange and is located in building 8 a.m. to 8 p.m. Monday through Sat- budget counseling, debt education 1435. It is open Monday-Friday from urday, and 9 a.m. to 7 p.m. Sunday. plans, and transition planning. Classes 9 a.m. to 8 p.m., Saturday from 8 a.m. The Military Clothing Sales Store, are available on checkbook manage- to 6 p.m., and Sunday from 9 a.m. to building 1465, has military clothing ment, credit, investments and budgeting 5 p.m. The commissary is also open 30 items and an alterations shop. for a baby. minutes prior to posted hours to There are two service stations on The Air Force Aid Society offers accommodate handicapped customers. Peterson. One is a self-service facility in emergency financial assistance through Call (719) 556-7765 or DSN 834-7765 building 1360. It provides repair and interest-free loans or grants. The AFAS for more information. vehicle maintenance service. The other also sponsors community programs for service station is at the Shoppette, adja- military families such as Car Care BASE EXCHANGE cent to family housing. Because We Care, Child Care for PCS, The Base Exchange sells compact disks The service station and the Shop- Parents Night Out, Bundles for Babies, and tapes, jewelry, clothing, camera, pette are open 24 hours a day. The and deployment phone cards. radio, television and stereo equipment, Shoppette carries beverages, food, magazines, health and beauty aids, and pet supplies. The Shoppette’s package store offers non-alcoholic and alcoholic beverages, and limited party supplies.

PETERSON SPOUSES CLUB The Peterson Spouses Club provides support to all spouses. Membership is open to all spouses, regardless of spon- sor’s rank. Peterson’s Officers’ Wives Club and the Enlisted Spouses Club Peterson’s commissary is open six days a week. combined to provide support to all

2006 Base Guide Community Services 39 spouses. Club members look forward to Contemporary Praise band meets JOINT PERSONAL meeting new spouses, and increasing Thursday evenings at 6:30 p.m. PROPERTY SHIPPING the availability to one another through Catholic: Saturday reconciliation, 4 p.m. this organization. The club also supports OFFICE Saturday Mass 5 p.m. Sunday Mass a variety of charities. For more informa- The main office is located at 121 South 9 a.m. Sunday Family Religious Educa- tion, go to: Tejon St, Suite 800, Colorado Springs. tion pre-kindergarten through grade 12 www.petersonspousesclub.com. The primary phone number is (719) and adults. 554-9298, and core hours are 7:30 a.m. Jewish: On base, currently none. Off to 4:30 p.m. Monday thru Friday. THRIFT SHOP The JPPSO’s area of responsibility The Peterson Spouses Club operates a base, Temple Shalom. 1523 E. Monu- has grown recently to include 22 mili- thrift shop. You’ll come for the selection ment. 7:30 p.m. Fridays and 9:30 a.m. tary bases in 16 surrounding states. and stay for bargain prices. The thrift Saturday. Call (719) 634-5311. U.S. Air The JPPSO’s hours of operation are shop is in building 615 and is open Force Academy Cadet Chapel 7 a.m. 7:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Monday through from 9 a.m. to 2 p.m. Tuesday through Thursdays and 8 p.m. Fridays. Call Friday. The JPPSO is closed on holi- Friday, and the first and third Saturday (719) 333-2636. Schriever Air Force days. All inbound customers will call of each month from 10 a.m. to noon. Base call (719) 567-3705. the IVR number (719) 554-9298 to The thrift shop is closed in July. For Eastern Orthodox: On base, currently check on inbound status, once your more information, call (719) 596-4463. none. Off base, Saints Constantine and shipment has arrived call (719) 554- Helen Orthodox at 2770 N. Chestnut. 9291 to schedule delivery. BASE CHAPEL Sunday Divine Liturgy 9:30 a.m. and There are processing offices at The base chapel in building 1410 offers Saturday Vespers 6 p.m.; call (719) Peterson AFB, U.S. Air Force Academy daily and weekly services. Spiritual, 473-9238. U.S. Air Force Academy and Fort Carson to provide counseling social, educational, humanitarian and Cadet Chapel Sundays at 10 a.m. Call on shipping entitlements and assistance cultural organizations and activities are (719) 333-2636. in completing required documentation. available. They are located at the following: Protestant and Catholic choirs Peterson office, Building 350 enhance the atmosphere of worship. room 510, 719-554-4196 Jewish faith members attend services at USAFA office Temple Shalom in Colorado Springs or the Air Force Academy Cadet Chapel. Community Center, Building 5160 A chaplain is available 24 hours a 719-333-3007 day. Call (719) 556-4442 during duty Fort Carson office, Building hours or (719) 556-4805 evenings, 1220, 719-526-3757 weekends, and holidays. Outbound customers should call any of the appropriate processing offices to CHAPEL SCHEDULE make an appointment for assistance Protestant: 11 a.m. traditional, 12:30 p.m. with your shipping needs. Inspirational, and 5 p.m. Contemporary Services. LEGAL SERVICES Communion is celebrated regularly Legal assistance for personal civil in all three services. Sunday School, matters is available at the base legal ages 3 to adult, is at 9:35 a.m. office in building 350. Legal advice Wednesday Family Night (meal and will not be provided on criminal or education) is each Wednesday at 6 p.m. business matters. Protestant Music ministries: Bell Legal assistance is available on a Choir meets Thursday at 5:30 p.m. walk-in basis Tuesdays from 7:30 a.m. Children’s Choir meets each Wednes- to 8:30 a.m., Thursdays from 1:00 p.m. day at 5:15 p.m. to 2:00 p.m. for active duty only, or by Traditional Service Choir meets each appointment. Wednesday at 6 p.m. Inspirational Ser- Notary service and Powers of Attor- vice Choir meets Thursdays at 6:30 p.m. Peterson’s Chapel serves many spiritual needs. ney are available daily from 1:00 p.m.

40 Community Services 2006 Base Guide to 3:00 p.m. All services are available Call the Action Line at DSN 834- food specials at the clubs, and noti- free of charge to eligible clients. Call 7777 or (719) 556-7777 and your call fication of commander’s calls, to DSN 834-4871 or (719) 556-4871 for will be recorded. name a few. Information that plays more information. If publishing the item will help a on air is submitted by different units number of people, the question and and can be submitted to the public CLAIMS OFFICE response are published in the base affairs office at: File claims for damage to household newspaper. access.channel @peterson.af.mil. goods and personal property at the If you want to leave your name and The public affairs office is respon- base legal office in building 350. telephone number when you call, you sible for managing overall program Appointments are available Monday- will receive a personal answer even if content and will review inputs and Wednesday. For more information, call it isn’t printed in the paper. Internal schedule them into the system. DSN 834-7861 or (719) 556-7861. information also publishes the base guide and base map. MUSEUM AREA DEFENSE COUNSEL The media relations section is the The Peterson Air and Space Museum, liaison between the base and local The Area Defense Counsel, located building 981, displays exhibits depict- media outlets, releasing information in building 350, provides legal serv- ing Peterson AFB history and missions about Air Force activities and people to ices for military members facing from World War II to the present. The newspapers, radio, and television sta- military criminal matters or adverse museum building was once the Col- tions. Media relations also coordinate military actions. orado Springs Municipal Airport termi- answers to queries received from the Defense functions include repre- nal, and today is part of the 8.5 acre media, and escorts media representa- senting clients regarding a LOC, LOA, Colorado Springs Municipal Airport tives onto Peterson. LOR, or discharges and in court-mar- Historic District. The community relations section pro- tial and Article 15 proceedings. Call The museum is open Tuesday-Sat- vides base tours, speaking programs, (719) 556-7611 or DSN 834-7611 for urday from 0830-1630; and is closed and information to public groups. assistance. Sunday, Monday, and holidays. Volunteers are always needed to COMMANDER’S PUBLIC AFFAIRS support the museum’s many restora- ACCESS CHANNEL tion and exhibit projects. Volunteers Public Affairs advises and assists The Commander’s Access Channel, base are part of the Peterson Air and Space commanders in communicating Air cable channel 3, is designed to inform Museum Foundation, a 501(c) (3) non- Force messages to Air Force people people on base about upcoming events profit corporation that operates on and the American public. PA also and announce events through a dedi- donations and memberships. For infor- identifies and manages communica- cated cable channel broadcast directly mation on volunteer opportunities or tion issues impacting the Air Force’s to work centers and base housing. for joining the Peterson Museum Foun- ability to conduct its peacetime and Typical announcements include dation, contact the museum staff at wartime missions. force protection changes, Service’s (719) 556-4915 or visit the Foundation The base newspaper, the Space operating hours, special events, website at www.petemuseum.org. Observer, is part of the internal infor- mation section. It keeps people informed about base-level news and activities, and Air Force issues and policies. More than 7,000 copies are distributed each Thursday. An elec- tronic version is available at: www.spaceobserver.com. In addition to the base newspaper, the commander’s action line column answers complaints, suggestions, or comments. All callers should first try to solve the problem or complaint by using their chain of command and the affected agency. Peterson’s museum was the original home of the Colorado Springs Municipal Airport Terminal.

2006 Base Guide Community Services 41 Tenant Organizations

Aero medical Staging Squadron, Aerial Port Squadron, Security Forces, Trans- portation, Services, Intelligence and Personnel have been mobilized and deployed in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom.

ABOUT THE AIRCRAFT The C-130H has a crew of five: pilot, co-pilot, navigator, flight engineer, and loadmaster. The aircraft has a maxi- mum allowable payload of 43,550 pounds and carries 92 combat troops, 64 paratroopers or 74 patients and a medical crew of one flight nurse and two medical technicians when config- ured for aero medical evacuation. Using its aft loading ramp and The 302nd is Colorado’s only Reserve flying unit. door, the C-130 can accommodate a wide variety of oversized cargo, Systems. These systems are owned by including everything from utility heli- The 302nd Airlift Wing, Colorado’s the U.S.D.A. Forest Service and can be copters and six-wheeled armored only Air Force Reserve flying unit, is activated and installed on the aircraft vehicles to standard palletized cargo the largest tenant organization on within hours. The wing is the only Air and military personnel. In an aerial Peterson. It has approximately 1,200 Force Reserve unit trained and delivery role, it can air drop loads up to Reservists and 275 full-time employees equipped for the MAFFS mission, 42,000 pounds or use its high-floatation assigned. The wing is one of 12 C-130 which involves air-dropping fire-retar- landing gear to land and deliver cargo Air Force Reserve units located dant chemicals from a height of 150 on rough, dirt strips. throughout the nation. feet above the ground. The wing has The Lockheed aircraft boasts state- The wing is assigned 15 C-130H3 flown firefighting missions throughout of-the-art avionics and powerful Hercules aircraft, which are flown by the western United States since the engines, which increase its allowable the . 302nd took on the Reserve portion of cargo load, range and altitude capa- The mission of the 302nd AW is to the MAFFS mission in 1993. bility. On-board sensors warn of train, equip, and employ airlift forces In December 2001, the 302nd AW oncoming aircraft or incoming mis- in worldwide support of our nation’s became the Reserve C-130 siles. The aircraft is also equipped vital interest. unit to mobilize and deploy in support with dispensers that release chaff and A 302nd AW unit can be activated of Operation Noble Eagle and Opera- flares to decoy enemy missiles away and deployed from the United States tion Enduring Freedom. During that from the aircraft. to any location in the world within period, members of the 302nd Security Other enhancements include Global 72 hours. Force Squadron were mobilized and Positioning System equipment, low- When called upon, the 302nd AW deployed to various locations around power color radar and night-vision also performs fire suppression missions the globe. Since 2003, more than 80 interior lighting that allows aircrews to with two Modular Airborne Firefighting members of the Airlift Control Flight, use night-vision goggles.

42 A 302nd AW C-130 over the Royal Gorge Bridge.

ORGANIZATION “health” into early orbit and handle rou- cargo, medical and maintenance person- tine operations, satellite emergencies nel—deployed to the Persian Gulf, Eng- The 302nd AW comes under the oper- and satellite disposal. land, and stateside locations to support ational control of the Air Force Reserve active-duty operations. Command, headquartered at Robins HISTORY At the end of the Gulf War, the AFB, Ga. When called to active duty Established as the 302nd Troop Carrier 302nd AW supported Operation Pro- through presidential order, the wing Wing on May 16, 1949, the 302nd AW vide Comfort, air-dropping food and would be gained by 15th Air Force and was first activated by the Reserve on supplies to the Kurdish refugees. would become an active-duty unit June 27, 1949. In the mid-1950s, the The wing supported operations under , Scott wing flew airlift operations in the Provide Relief and Restore Hope in AFB, Ill. United States and overseas. Somalia, Coronet Oak in Panama, The 302nd also provides support to The 302nd AW was called to active Provide Promise’s humanitarian airlift the 310th Space Group, Air Force duty during the of to Bosnia, and hurricane relief to Reserve’s only space operations group. 1962. During the 1960s, wing aircraft Homestead AFB, Fla. The 310th Space Group’s units at and crews performed worldwide airlift In 1999, the wing also assisted in Schriever AFB, Colo., currently operate missions and participated in numerous humanitarian relief to refugees from three different satellite systems for the tactical exercises. The unit was deacti- Kosovo and Operation Allied Force. Department of Defense and the Depart- vated on April 1, 1981. In mid-1983, the The wing was most recently acti- ment of Commerce, including the Navs- unit, then designated the 91st Tactical vated in support of Operations Endur- tar Global Positioning System. The 7th Airlift Group, moved to newly con- ing Freedom and Noble Eagle in 2001, Operations Squadron operates the structed facilities on Peterson AFB and flying airlift missions out of Europe. Defense Meteorological Satellite Pro- reactivated April 1, 1985. The wing’s security forces squadron gram in support of the Department of The wing received one of its most provided aircraft security and air base Commerce and the National Oceanic challenging tests in 1990-91 with Opera- defense throughout the United States and Atmospheric Administration. They tions Desert Shield and Storm. More than and in the Southwest Asia theater track satellite launches and their 600 wing members—including flying, air during the war.

2006 Base Guide Tenant Organizations 43 intelligence missions, the core-focus of intelligence professionals for years, to the latest IO technologies. 311TH AIRLIFT SQUADRON The 311th Airlift Squadron operates 10 C-21A aircraft, providing operational support airlift throughout North Amer- ica. The unit supports top U.S. and Canadian commanders, the Superin- tendent of the Air Force Academy, key federal officials, members of Congress and senior-ranking military leaders.

Peterson is home to Det 4, AFOTEC. The unit also provides a 24-hour alert for time-sensitive airlift missions which 200TH AIRLIFT officer candidates for the Air Force could be required to go anywhere in SQUADRON Reserve Officer Training Corps and the United States. Officer Training School. The 200th Airlift Squadron is the only Staffing for the 311th is primarily by The 367th Recruiting Squadron cov- C-21A (Lear 35) unit in the Air National first assignment pilots who acquire valu- ers more than 550,000 square miles in Guard, and flies the newest C-21 model able flying experience operating C-21A the Western and Southwestern regions aircraft in the Air Force. aircraft. In wartime, the C-21A provides of the United States. The 367th RS is In November 1997, the 200th ALS worldwide, time-sensitive movement of divided into eight enlisted, non-prior took delivery of the first of two C-21A people and cargo. service flights, each responsible for dif- aircraft and in April 1998 begin flying ferent parts of the squadron’s zone. The Det 4. AFOTEC missions assigned by the Joint Opera- squadron has one officer accessions The Air Force Operational Test and tional Support Aircraft Center. flight that has five offices located Evaluation Center was established in The unit moved from Buckley Air throughout our area, and four military 1974, as a direct reporting unit to the National Guard Base to Peterson in April entrance processing stations. Air Force Chief of Staff, responsible for 1999. Current manning includes 19 full identifying operational deficiencies on time and traditional guardsmen, 15 rated 544TH INFORMATION weapons systems before designated pilots and four enlisted support people, production and acquisition decisions. plus contract maintenance that are OPERATIONS GROUP Detachment 4 was originally estab- shared with an active-duty C-21 flight. The 544th Information Operations Group provides space-related informa- lished in 1980 to support mobile MX tion operations expertise throughout missile development at Kirtland AFB, 367th RECRUITING the space arena. N.M. In 1984, Det. 4 became an oper- SQUADRON It is the only ating location here, in support of The mission of the Air Force Recruiting unit under the 67th Information’s Oper- space-related testing and to serve as a Service is to recruit a high-quality vol- ations Wing that performs this mission liaison to AFSPC. unteer force from a cross-section of in support of Air Force Space Com- Today the fine men and women of America. Emphasis is on recruiting mand, 14th Air Force (SPACEAF), and Det. 4 continue in this proud tradition intelligent young men and women with USSTRATCOM. as the primary operational testers of no prior military service who can be The group is the Air Force leader in space, missile systems and missile trained to handle the sophisticated sys- gaining, exploiting, and applying defense whose procurement costs tems and equipment of today’s highly global space-derived and space-related approach $80 billion. technical aerospace force. intelligence to achieve information These professional testers have The Air Force Recruiting Service is dominance. become the first line of defense, ensur- also responsible for recruiting chaplains, The group’s focus is to the final ing present and future space systems physicians, dentists, nurses, health care frontier of space and information continue to defend our borders and administrators, and Biomedical Science operations. troops worldwide, and helping to Corps officers in a variety of specialties The mission includes all aspects of ensure we are never again at a disad- from civilian sources and for obtaining information operations, from traditional vantage in the space arena.

44 Tenant Organizations 2006 Base Guide Local Communities & Attractions

Proceeds from the Pikes Peak or Bust Rodeo go to local area military installations MWR programs. A GOOD NEIGHBOR occurs in November and is called the wing also sponsors the Mitchell High The diversity of Peterson doesn’t stop at “Harvest of Love.” School Junior ROTC program. the gate. It resides in the surrounding Peterson has supported the food strong communities where our military drive by providing volunteers and vehi- PIKES PEAK OR cles to pick up donations from area members live. BUST RODEO Peterson has always been a strong schools, unload them at the warehouse, One of the biggest annual events sup- supporter of organizations outside of and package them into sensible units. ported by Team Pete is the Pikes Peak the gate for many years. Some of the or Bust Rodeo. annual events supported by the base COLORADO SPRINGS The rodeo has been a Colorado include: SCHOOL DISTRICT 11 Springs, tradition since 1937 and has The 21st Space Wing also is a proud always showcased the pinnacle of CARE AND SHARE partner with Colorado Springs School rodeo talent and action, providing “HARVEST OF LOVE” District 11. Activities supported by wholesome entertainment for the Pikes Care and Share of Southern Colorado is wing members include supporting Peak community. a non-profit organization that collects classes with volunteers for school Held every August, proceeds from food for distribution to area food events—science fairs, career days, the rodeo go to area military installa- banks. Their largest annual food drive tours, guest lecturers, and mentors. The tions MWR programs.

45 cavalry regiment, and an area support group. Many other smaller units also call Fort Carson home. Peterson people are often referred to Evans Army Community Hospital located in building 7500 on Titus Boulevard. The five-story medical complex has a 76-bed capacity. The two-story clinic building contains 400 examination and treatment rooms. A common area connects the clinic building and the main hospital. This area includes the main entrance, med- ical library, chapel and pharmacy. Fort Carson is proud of its 18-hole championship golf course, Thunder Alley Bowling Center, Mountain Post Sports Colorado Springs is nestled below Pikes Peak. Complex, Outdoor Recreation Complex, and auto and woodworking shops. SILVER KEY LOCAL INSTALLATIONS SENIOR SERVICES Colorado Springs’ reputation as a prime AIR FORCE ACADEMY Silver Key Senior Services is an organi- location for important military installa- The military’s presence expanded with zation dedicated to the elderly. This tions got its start in the 1940s when the Air Force Academy in the 1950s. It non-profit organization, founded in Fort Carson was established on 137,000 occupies more than 18,000 acres of 1971, annually assists more than 15,000 acres a few miles south of the city. land just northwest of Colorado elderly in the Pikes Peak region. Springs. Just over 4,200 cadets attend Their goals are to promote inde- FORT CARSON the Academy. More than 1,000 men pendent living for our elders; help fulfill Fort Carson is located south of Colorado and women enter the academy each their basic and social needs; strengthen Springs in the shadow of Cheyenne year to begin a four-year program that their self-sufficiency; increase their self- Mountain. Approximately 15,000 active- leads to a commission in the Air Force. reliance; and provide meaningful duty soldiers and 1,300 civilians are sta- In addition to serving the health care replacements for those losses associated tioned at “The Mountain Post.” needs of all the cadets and active-duty with advancing age. Team Pete mem- The major units assigned to the post people at the academy, its hospital pro- bers supported a paint-a-thon, just one include a mechanized infantry brigade, vides inpatient medical care for people of many volunteer projects. a Special Forces group, an armored assigned to Peterson AFB.

United States Air Force Academy, located in Springs, lays the Air Force foundation for thousands of officers each year.

46 Local Communities & Attractions 2006 Base Guide The academy is one of the most centers at Schriever AFB, and remote COLORADO SPRINGS popular tourist attractions in Col- tracking stations and other command Colorado Springs is located on the orado. Nearly 1 million people visit and control facilities around the eastern boundary of the Rocky Moun- the facility each year. People also world. These facilities monitor satel- tains. To the east are rolling plains. To come to see the lites during launch, put the satellites in the west rises the majestic 14,110-foot compete in Mountain West Athletic their proper orbits following launch, Pikes Peak, one of many high, scenic Conference athletic events. For ticket operate the satellites while they are in peaks of the Rockies. information, call (719) 472-1895. orbit, and fix satellite anomalies when To the south is the Arkansas River they occur. valley with its agricultural lands and Also located at Schriever is the Joint the town of Pueblo. To the north lies SCHRIEVER National Integration Center. JNIC pro- the . AIR FORCE BASE vides a state-of-the-art capability for Much of the city occupies gently , located Ballistic Missile and Theater Air rolling hills which slope westward, approximately 10 miles east of Peterson Defense testing, modeling and simula- offering unobstructed views of Pikes AFB, was established in the mid-1980s. tion, and analysis. Peak and the Front Range from most It is home to the Air Force’s 50th The facility also houses several ten- sections of town. Space Wing, a component of AFSPC. ants, including the Space Warfare Center From the very beginning, Colorado The mission of the 50th Space and the Cheyenne Mountain Training Springs and the Pikes Peak region have Wing is to command and control System, which supports strategic space been developed as a community with operational Department of Defense systems and missile defense programs. quality of life in mind. Today they offer satellites and manage the worldwide Schriever is also home to the 310th residents a blend of business opportu- Air Force Satellite Control Network. Space Group, the Air Force Reserve’s nities, culture, and unparalleled out- The wing operates satellite operation only Space Operations Group. door recreation.

Colorado Springs is home to more than 500,000 people.

2006 Base Guide Local Communities & Attractions 47 HISTORY Colorado Springs began as one man’s dream. When Gen. William Jackson Palmer first saw the scenic attraction of the Pikes Peak region, he immediately knew it was a location that could attract his wealthy European and East Coast friends. The city’s first stake was driven in 1871. Colorado Springs became especially popular with the British and acquired the nickname Little London. Riding the rails, visitors came to see the area’s beauty and were inspired to stay by a mild climate and the region’s growing resort accommodations. In the 1890s, Colorado Springs found it was surrounded by more than scenic wealth. Gold was discov- ered in nearby Cripple Creek in 1891, and Colorado Springs found itself a thriving financial center. The golden years lasted until 1917, when the Unit- ed States went to silver for its coinage and the local economy once again emphasized tourism. Looking to expand its economic base, the city offered land to the military in 1942. With the start of World War II, Fort Carson was established on 137,000 acres to the south of Colorado Springs. The military’s presence grew in the 1950s with the opening of the Air Force Academy. Over the next 30 years, Peterson AFB, Cheyenne Mountain AFS, and Schriever AFB helped create Colorado Springs’ reputation as the nation’s military space capital. Manufacturing expanded tremen- dously when the area’s quality of life and cost advantages were recognized in the 1960s and 1970s. Today, computers, electronic equipment, semiconductors, Winfield Scott Stratton was an astute businessman and one of the visionary leaders in the planning and precision parts, plastics, heavy equip- building of Colorado Springs. ment, and countless other high-quality products are manufactured in the Pikes Training Center, the world’s finest extremes are rare. Despite a moder- Peak region and shipped to national multi-sport training facility. ately high-altitude location near the and international markets. Rocky Mountains, Colorado Springs The amateur sports segment is one CLIMATE on average gets less snow than Den- of several service industries expanding Colorado Springs’ pleasant climate is a ver, Salt Lake City, or Minneapolis. in the region. Colorado Springs is key element in the area’s high quality of The mountains capture most of the home to the headquarters of the U.S. life. Weather in the Pikes Peak region precipitation from easterly-moving Olympic Committee and Olympic is surprisingly mild; uncomfortable systems, giving the Pikes Peak region 48 Local Communities & Attractions 2006 Base Guide Public use parks, such as in western Colorado Springs, can be found in nearly every neighborhood. dry and sunny weather during most of reminding residents that the Indian systems in the nation with more than the year. meaning of Chinook is “snoweater.” 8,000 acres of park area. Major public- At an elevation of 6,035 feet, resi- Mild, sunny weather in the middle of use facilities can be found in nearly dents enjoy a number of climatic the winter is typical, allowing residents every neighborhood. advantages. to golf, bike, hike, play tennis, and Leading the list of more than 124 Long and lingering Indian autumns enjoy all types of outdoor activities in parks are five major recreation areas: are common, while spring is a mild the sunshine. The Garden of the Gods, Memorial precursor to summer. Colorado Park, North Slope Recreation Area, Springs’ meteorological classification is SPORTS, RECREATION Palmer Park, and Cheyenne Canyon. an alpine desert with about 250 days of AND PARKS sunshine and only 15 to 16 inches of GARDEN OF THE GODS Sports enthusiasts will find many precipitation per year. Humidity Nothing says “Colorado Springs” quite opportunities to run, hike, ski, golf, remains comfortably low. like these towering red rock formations cycle, fish, camp, and hunt in the Pikes While snow is not uncommon, at the base of Pikes Peak. Hike, bike or Peak region. There are many amateur snowfalls do not remain on the ground drive through the 1,400-acre park and and professional competitions avail- long. Sunny days are abundant during watch for big horn sheep, deer and a able for less active sports fans. the winter and the sun’s intensity at this variety of birds. Start your visit at the elevation quickly melts snow from Garden of the Gods Visitor Center with streets and sidewalks. Warm Chinook COLORADO its hands-on exhibits explaining the winds also help moderate the winter SPRINGS PARKS geology, ecology, plants, and history of climate. These northwesterly winds can Colorado Springs has one of the most the area. For more information, call cause rapid increases in temperatures, extensive municipal and regional park (719) 634-6666. 2006 Base Guide Local Communities & Attractions 49 TRAILS FOR HIKING AND FISHING, RAFTING AND face of Pikes Peak, accessible via the Pikes Peak Highway, are open for BIKING INFORMATION OTHER WATER SPORTS fishing and small boats. A growing network of urban and rural Reservoirs, natural lakes, rivers, and trails makes many scenic areas in the streams, many in nearby state parks SPECTATOR SPORTS Pikes Peak region more accessible to or national forest lands, provide a lot The Pikes Peak region is a sports hikers and bicyclists. Hiking and of opportunities for water-related fan’s heaven. Local competitions and walking opportunities abound in recreation. exhibitions abound, such as world- nearby city, county and state parks. Colorado Springs’ Prospect Lake, class athletics at the Olympic Training Barr Trail, which ascends the east side within Memorial Park, welcomes wind- Center, authentic rodeo. Professional of Pikes Peak from Manitou Springs, is surfers, sailboats and water-skiers. golfing, auto racing, and countless among several local hikes in nearby Rampart Range reservoir, a few miles other sports events. National Forest land. northwest of Colorado Springs near Colorado Springs is home to the Sky The area’s growing ranks of mountain Woodland Park and Pueblo Reservoir, a Sox, the AAA affiliate for the Colorado bikers have discovered and developed one-hour drive south, are larger bodies Rockies. Security Service Field, built in hundreds of miles of enjoyable trails for of water for fishing and water sports. 1988, seats up to 10,200 fans for 72 all skill levels. Three small reservoirs on the north home games each season.

The Sky Sox are an affiliate of Major League baseball’s Colorado Rockies.

50 Local Communities & Attractions 2006 Base Guide Cripple Creek hosts an annual Salute to American Veterans Rally and Festival attended by motorcycle groups from around the country.

The International, a major PGA visit the Colorado Springs Convention narrow gauge train rides, museum competition, is held each August at & Visitors Bureau website at: exhibits, and a melodrama theater. Castle Pines Golf Club, about a www.ColoradoSprings-travel.com, or 30-minute drive north of Colorado write the Colorado Springs Convention Springs. & Visitors Bureau, 104 South Cascade, Rodeo competitions have a large Suite 104, Colorado Springs, CO 80903. View the “Grandest Mile of Scenery in following in the Pikes Peak region. Colorado.” Spectacularly illuminated at Two major rodeos take place in Col- night, the canyon offers hiking trails orado Springs each August. The Pikes CRIPPLE CREEK and an elevator that takes you to Peak or Bust Rodeo and the National The famous gold mining town of Crip- Eagles Nest, a point on top of the falls Little Britches Rodeo are held here ple Creek is nestled in a volcanic bowl allowing you to view its splendor from each summer. Many smaller rodeos are on the west side of Pikes Peak. Cripple the air. Seven Falls is only six miles held in other communities in the Pikes Creek was the center of politics, from downtown Colorado Springs. Peak region yearly. finance, and entertainment for the min- ing district, and at the turn of the cen- tury it boasted two opera houses, eight OLYMPIC TRAINING LOCAL ATTRACTIONS newspapers, a stock exchange, and CENTER The Colorado Springs area is a haven many other attractions. The headquarters for the U.S. Olympic for sightseers. For detailed information, Now, the former mining town offers Committee facility is located on the site call 1-800-888-4748 or (719) 635-7506, limited-stakes gambling, mine tours, of the former at

2006 Base Guide Local Communities & Attractions 51 1750 E. Boulder. Tour guides take you each year on July 4, the Race to the room, a theater, an extensive art library through several training areas, including Clouds is 12.4 miles of gravel road with and a comprehensive studio art and the gymnastics area, indoor shooting 156 turns and an elevation gain of humanities program. range and pool. For more information, 4,700 feet to the summit of Pikes Peak. The center also offers more than 70 call (719) 866-4618. special and ongoing activities every FINE ARTS CENTER year. For more information, call (719) PIKES PEAK Founded in 1936, the Colorado 634-5581. AUTO HILL CLIMB Springs Fine Arts Center, 30 W. Dale, The second-oldest auto race in the was the nation’s first facility designed PIONEERS MUSEUM nation, the annual Pikes Peak Auto Hill to cultivate both the visual and per- Colorado Springs’ history comes to life Climb, attracts international competi- forming arts. It houses two unique as Indian relics and Western pioneer tors and thousands of spectators. Held museum collections, a music and lecture antiques tell the area’s story from the

There are many opportunities for amateur and professional sports competition fans.

52 Local Communities & Attractions 2006 Base Guide beginning to today. It is located at 215 S. Tejon St. in Colorado Springs.

CHEYENNE MOUNTAIN SCENIC HIGHWAY The Will Rogers Shrine of the Sun and are both on Cheyenne Mountain Scenic Highway. The Shrine of the Sun, hewn out of granite, was built in memory of and presents mementos of Will Rogers. Vis- itors may climb to the top of the tower for a spectacular view of the Pikes Peak region. For more information, call (719) 633-9218.

CHEYENNE MOUNTAIN ZOO The Cheyenne Mountain Zoo, the highest zoo in the country at 6,800 feet, is world famous for its diverse and exotic collection of more than 700 animals. The zoo, opened in 1926, features natural settings for many animals including Wolf Woods, home to two of the 75 Mexican wolves alive today; and Primate World-an indoor/outdoor com- plex for apes and monkeys. Admission includes a visit to the Will Rogers Shrine featuring stunning murals by Randall Davey, breathtaking views and a granite tower. The Cheyenne Mountain Zoo is a popular attraction. The Cheyenne Mountain Zoo, open 365 days a year, is at 4250 PIKES PEAK COG Visitors can explore the dwellings Cheyenne Mountain Road just west of RAILWAY room by room. Open year-round Colorado Springs. seven days a week, museum hours Take an unforgettable panoramic trip For more information, call (719) are 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. October-April that leads you to the 14,110-foot sum- 633-9925. and 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. in May and Sep- mit of America’s most famous peak. tember. The hours in June, July and Modern Swiss trains operate daily dur- August are 9 a.m. to 8 p.m. The CAVE OF THE WINDS ing the summer, departing from the museum is five miles west of Col- Be sure to bring your camera for this depot at 515 Ruxton Ave. in Manitou orado Springs on U.S. 24 at exit 141 fascinating 40-minute guided tour Springs. Round trip is three hours and near Manitou Springs. For more infor- through caverns formed millions of 10 minutes. For more information, call mation call (719) 685-5242. years ago. Tours leave about every 15 (719) 685-5401. minutes. Bring a light jacket and com- fortable shoes. The cave is just six miles CLIFF DWELLINGS MUSEUM GREAT SAND DUNES west of Colorado Springs on U.S. High- The Cliff Dwellings Museum has NATIONAL MONUMENT way 24 above Manitou Springs. For some of the finest artifacts and cliff The —7,500 feet above more information, call (719) 685-5444. dwelling homes of the Southwest. sea level—is a desert. Three times

2006 Base Guide Local Communities & Attractions 53 larger than Delaware, it receives less Fontaine qui Bouille, “the springs that Museum of National History, Gastes than 8 inches of moisture a year. This boil.” Security was established by Planetarium, Denver Mint, governor’s area houses the world’s tallest sand American builders in 1953 and was mansion, Pioneer Museum, National dunes, piled to heights of more than named to reassure prospective home Western Stock Show, and Red Rocks 700 feet. buyers. Developer Jules Watson devel- Amphitheater are other attractions. oped the connecting Widefield area in ROYAL GORGE 1965 and chose the name to express PUEBLO On the Royal Gorge Scenic Railway the concept of open space. Pueblo, 40 miles south of Colorado you can take a 30-minute, three-mile Springs on I-25, offers the Pueblo train ride to the rim of Point Alta Vista DENVER Civic Symphony, city park band con- and the Royal Gorge Canyon. You also Denver, the state capital, is about an certs, the Broadway Theater League can ride the white water of the hour’s drive north of Colorado Springs and University of Southern Colorado Arkansas River. Half-day, one- and on I-25. It is a center for music, art, concerts. two-hour rides are available. education, sports, outdoor recreation For more than 100 years, Pueblo has Two-hour rides extend to the bot- and entertainment in Colorado. been the home of the Colorado State tom of the gorge with a rest stop along Denver supports professional basket- Fair. The event attracts more than a the Arkansas River. ball, football, baseball and soccer teams. million visitors each year. Top national Rocky Mountain National Park is The Denver Art Museum, Denver entertainers, a rodeo, and a military located about two hours north of Botanic Gardens, Children’s Museum, appreciation day are highlights. Colorado Springs. For more informa- tion, call (719) 275-7507 or 1-888- 333-5597.

LOCAL COMMUNITIES Nearby communities offer many attrac- tions - from professional sports in Den- ver to the colleges and universities in Pueblo and Colorado Springs, to the hiking trails and mountains in the area.

MANITOU SPRINGS Manitou Springs, just west of Colorado Springs, takes its name from the many mineral springs in the area. The area once was marked off as a sanctuary by the local Indian tribes who attributed supernatural powers to the springs’ waters. Today, Manitou Springs thrives as a tourist resort.

FOUNTAIN VALLEY Fountain Valley includes the communi- ties of Fountain, Widefield, and Securi- ty, Colorado. These communities are located approximately 10 miles south of Colorado Springs and 30 miles north of Pueblo along Interstate 25 at 5,546 feet above sea level. The city of Foun- tain was established in 1859 and got its name from nearby Fountain Creek, named by early French explorers La The Arkansas River runs through the Royal Gorge. 54 Local Communities & Attractions 2006 Base Guide