Scouting at the Olympics Boy Scouts and Girl Guides As Olympic Volunteers 1912-1998* ------Roland Renson —
Scouting at the Olympics Boy Scouts and Girl Guides as Olympic Volunteers 1912-1998* -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Roland Renson — n 1894, Pierre de Coubertin created the modern I Olympic movement and Robert Baden-Powell founded the Boy Scout movement in 1908. Both were educational innovators and creators of universal movements, which aspired to international peace and brotherhood. Although both men were convinced patriots, they shared common ideas about idealistic internationalism. Several idealis tic international movements made their appearance in the fin de siècle period, namely the Red Cross (1863), the Esperanto movement (1887), the Olympic movement (1894) and Scouting (1907). The Olympic movement and the Scouting movement were originally exclusively male organizations, which adopted the ideology of chivalry as Pierre de Coubertin (1863-1937) founded the modern Olympic movement the basis for establishing an idealized transnational iden in 1894 and - which is little known - the 'neutral' scout federation Eclaireurs tity (Hoberman 1995). Coubertin was cofounder in 1910 Français in France in 1911 (Painting by Gaétan de Navacelle, courtesy of - with the physicist and winner of the 1908 Nobel-Prize Comité National Olympique et Sportif Français, Paris, in Müller 2000:5). Gabriel Lippmann - of the Ligue d’Education National, the forerunner of the French Boy Scouts and one year later, he founded the neutral’ scouting organization Eclaireurs Français (EF) in 1911 (Kruger 1980). Baden-Powell - like many other Edwardians - was haunted by fears that the British race was deteriorating, both physically and morally, and he therefore promoted outdoor life and the British ideology of sportsmanship, which was also absorbed by Coubertin (Brendon 1979: 239; Rosenthal 1986: 10; 31).
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