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Basic Income in the Finnish Public Discussion in 2006-2012
Johanna Perkiö PhD student School of Social Sciences and Humanities University of Tampere [email protected] Paper to be presented at the 14th BIEN Congress in Munich 14-16 September 2012 Paper in progress (first draft) The Struggle over Interpretation: Basic Income in the Finnish Public Discussion in 2006-2012 Introduction The paper addresses the public discussion on basic income in Finland in 2006-2012 from the analytical viewpoint of historical institutionalism and studies on the role of ideas in policy processes. The approach is interested in the questions such as how the policy idea (e.g. basic income) has evolved over time and how it is interpreted, argued and justified by political actors. The ideas are seen as powerful drivers of political change (combined with socio-economic structures, institutional constraints and political power relations). The special interest of the paper is framing, i.e. the "linguistic lenses" through which the idea of basic income is viewed. Basic income (BI) has been regularly discussed in Finland since the early 1980s.1 All along, the idea has gained support - as well as resistance - across the political divide. The public discussion on BI was widespread during the 1980-1990s and again from 2006 onwards. In between, there was a silent period. The latter period (from 2006 onwards) can be roughly divided into two peaks: 2006- 2007 and 2011-2012. The public discussion in the earlier period (~1980-2000) and in the beginning of the latter period (2006-2007) is relatively well documented (see Lahtinen 1992; Andersson 2000; Ylikahri 2007; Ikkala 2008; Julkunen 2009). -
Os Usos Da Educação Na Carreira De Profissionais Da Política
Os usos da educação na carreira de profissionais da política Letícia Bicalho Canêdo UNICAMP O espaço de poder no Brasil está sendo cada vez mais ocupado por indivíduos com investimento acadêmico em escolas de prestígio no exterior e que construíram suas carreiras em mercados internacionais de conhecimentos técnicos. Para compreender os efeitos desse fenômeno na competição democrática, este trabalho explora dados biográficos de 34 políticos brasileiros em posições representativas nas instituições centrais do Estado (Parlamento, Governo) em dois períodos de reestruturação do espaço político brasileiro (1945/64 e 1984/02). Analisa os recursos sociais e o tipo de conhecimento escolar utilizados por eles, avaliando-os a partir das chances desiguais que lhes foram oferecidas para permanecer e atuar no campo instável da política. O espaço político brasileiro: políticos tradicionais e tecnocracia A ocupação de posições dominantes na esfera política brasileira vem sendo descrita pelos estudiosos como uma progressiva substituição de antigos bacharéis, com seus conhecimentos de direito constitucional, por indivíduos que combinam conhecimento técnico sofisticado com sensibilidade política. Fernando Henrique Cardoso é sempre o modelo citado. Economistas eleitos por voto popular para o Parlamento, como José Serra, Delfim Neto, Eduardo Suplicy, entre outros, são exemplos paradigmáticos fornecidos para mostrar o afastamento dos especialistas em direito das posições representativas nas instituições centrais no Estado (parlamento, governo). A base da descrição desta história política situa-se na reestruturação do espaço político que se seguiu ao período de domínio dos militares e na emergência de uma nova ordem econômica mundial, com as implicações daí decorrentes em termos de desemprego e intensificação das crises financeiras. -
The Macroeconomic Effects of Universal Basic Income Programs
The Macroeconomic Effects of Universal Basic Income Programs Andre´ Victor Doherty Luduvice† University of Pennsylvania Job Market Paper This version: December 15, 2019 (click here for the latest version) Abstract What are the consequences of a nationwide reform of a transfer system based on means-testing towards one of unconditional transfers? I answer this question with a quantitative model to assess the general equilibrium, inequality, and welfare effects of substituting the current U.S. in- come security system with a Universal Basic Income (UBI) policy. To do so, I develop an overlap- ping generations model with idiosyncratic income risk that incorporates intensive and extensive margins of labor supply, on-the-job learning, and child-bearing costs. The tax-transfer system closely mimics the U.S. design. I calibrate the model to the U.S. economy and conduct coun- terfactual analyses that implement reforms towards a UBI. I find that an expenditure-neutral reform has moderate impacts on the labor supply response of agents but induces aggregate cap- ital and output to grow due to larger precautionary savings. A UBI of $ 1,000 monthly requires a substantial increase in the tax rate of consumption used to clear the government budget and leads to an overall decrease of the macroeconomic aggregates, stemming from a sharp drop in labor. In both cases, the economy has more disposable income but less consumption at the bottom of their distributions. The UBI economy constitutes a welfare loss at the transition if expenditure-neutral and results in a gain in the second scenario. Despite relative losses, a ma- jority of newborn households supports both UBI reforms. -
Ten Years of the Bolsa Família Program in Brazil and The
Ten years of the Bolsa Família Program in Brazil and the Perspectives of the Citizen’s Unconditional Basic Income in Brazil and in the World Eduardo Matarazzo Suplicy Eduardo Matarazzo Suplicy is currently a Brazilian Senator for the State of São Paulo, three times elected: in 1990, with 4.2 million or 30% of the valid votes; in 1998, with 7.6 million or 43% of the valid votes; and in 2006, with 8.986.803 or 47.8% of the valid votes. The Worker’s Party (PT) Direction in São Paulo, by unanimous vote, decided to indicate him again for a fourth mandate as Senator for the October 5 elections. The PT Convention that will officially nominate himwill be held in June 21. Suplicy was also a professor of Economics at the School of Business Administration of the Fundação Getúlio Vargas in São Paulo, from 1966 to 2012, when he retired. He received his MBA and PhD at Michigan State University. In 1971/2 he was a visiting scholar and a professor at Stanford University. Suplicy is the author of “The Effects of Mini devaluations in the Brazilian Economy”, his 1973 Ph.D thesis, published in 1974, by Fundação Getúlio Vargas; “International and Brazilian Economic Policies”, Editora Vozes, 1979; “Citizen’s Income. The exit is through the Door”, Editora Fundação Perseu Abramo and Cortez Editora 2002, 4th ed. in 2006 (Editions Calmann-Lévy, Editor of books of Marcel Proust and Celso Furtado, has just decided to publish this book in France); and “Citizen’s Basic Income. The Answer is Blowin´the Wind”, L&PM pocket, 2006, all of them in Portuguese. -
Personal Statement from Philippe Van Parijs, Candidate for Chair of the International Advisory Board
Personal statement from Philippe Van Parijs, candidate for Chair of the International Advisory Board My reasons for being willing to keep serving BIEN as chair of its International Advisory Board (IAB) (1) My view of the function of the IAB as a modest form of counterpower: its sheer existence means that there is one organ distinct from the EC that could, if needed, express a position with some authority. This has not been needed so far and hopefully never will. (2) My view of the potentially useful twofold role of the chair of the IAB, in the light of my experience in the last 16 years: - give advice and provide information, at their request, to BIEN’s chairs, co-chairs, vice- chairs, general manager and other members of BIEN’s committee; - by virtue of not being a member of the EC yet trusted by the GA, follow BIEN’s life and in particular its formal proceedings more closely than other ordinary members so as to help the GA play effectively its own role of supporting the EC and holding it to account. My “qualifications and experience relevant to the post” Philippe Van Parijs convened the « first international conference on basic income » (Louvain-la- Neuve, September 1986), which saw the creation of the Basic Income European Network (BIEN). He combined the functions BIEN secretary and newsletter editor for most of BIEN’s life prior to its becoming the Basic Income Earth Network (Barcelona, September 2004). He was then elected chair of BIEN’s advisory board and was reelected to that function ever since. -
PERUSTULO Kohti 2020-Luvun Yhteiskuntapolitiikkaa Johanna Perkiö PERUSTULO
Johanna Perkiö PERUSTULO Kohti 2020-luvun yhteiskuntapolitiikkaa Johanna Perkiö PERUSTULO Kohti 2020-luvun yhteiskuntapolitiikkaa VASEMMISTOFOORUMI RY & KSL-OPINTOKESKUS Ajatuspaja Vasemmistofoorumin ja KSL- opintokeskuksen yhteisjulkaisut ovat selvityksiä ja tutkimuksia yhteiskunnallisista aiheista. Julkaisujen tarkoituksena on tuottaa tietoa päätöksenteon pohjaksi, nostaa tärkeitä ilmiöitä julkiseen keskusteluun sekä esittää toimenpiteitä havaittujen ongelmien ratkaisemiseksi. Yhteisjulkaisut ovat osa Vasemmistofoorumin Raportit-sarjaa sekä KSL-opintokeskuksen yhteiskunnallisia julkaisuja. Johanna Perkiö: Perustulo – Kohti 2020-luvun yhteiskuntapolitiikkaa Perustulo – Kohti 2020-luvun yhteiskuntapolitiikkaa on lisensoitu Creative Commons Nimeä-EiKaupallinen-EiMuutoksia 4.0 Kansainvälinen (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) -lisenssillä. Tekijä: Johanna Perkiö. Teos kuuluu KSL-opintokeskuksen yhteiskunnallisiin julkaisuihin ja se on Vasemmistofoorumin Raportit-sarjan numero 1/2021. Teos on saanut tukea Palkansaajasäätiöltä. Kannen kuvat (etukansi/takakansi): Helsingin kaupunginmuseo (helsinkikuvia.fi) 2016, Pekka Vyhtinen / Helsingin kaupunginmuseo (helsinkikuvia.fi) 2014, Juho Nurmi / CC BY 4.0 Julkaisun muu kuvasisältö: Helsingin kaupunginmuseo (helsinkikuvia.fi) & Museoviraston kuvakokoelma / CC BY 4.0 Taitto: Kuohu & Kaisla Creative ISBN 978-952-6693-47-7 (nid.) ISBN 978-952-6693-48-4 (pdf) Paino: Keuruun Laatupaino Vasemmistofoorumi ry Kansan Sivistystyön Liitto KSL ry Helsinki | www.vasemmistofoorumi.fi ja KSL-opintokeskus | Helsinki | ksl.fi VASEMMISTOFOORUMI -
Arguments for Basic Income, Universal Pensions and Universal
Money for nothing? Arguments for basic income, universal pensions and universal child benefits in Norway Christian Petersen Master thesis Department of Comparative Politics University of Bergen June 2014 Abstract Basic income is a radical idea which has gained more attention in many countries in recent years, as traditional welfare states are having trouble solving the problems they were created to solve. Basic income promises to solve many of these problems in an effective and simple way. The purpose of this thesis is to study basic income in a way which can supplement the existing literature, and make it relevant in a Norwegian perspective. Hopefully this can contribute towards placing basic income on the political agenda and in the public debate. A large amount of literature is written on basic income, but by comparing the arguments used to promote a basic income with empirical data from previously implemented social policy in Norway, I hope to contribute towards an area which is not well covered. To do this I identify the arguments used to promote a basic income, and compare them to the arguments used to promote other universal social policy in Norway at the time they were introduced. The empirical cases of the universal child benefit and the universal old age pension in Norway has been chosen, because they resemble a basic income in many ways. The study is of a qualitative nature, and the method of document analysis is used to conduct the study. The data material for basic income is mainly scholarly literature. The data materials used for the analysis of the child benefit scheme and the old age pension are government documents, mainly preparatory work for new laws, legal propositions put forward in parliament, white papers, and transcripts of debates in parliament. -
Libertarian Party at Sea on Land
Libertarian Party at Sea on Land To Mom who taught me the Golden Rule and Henry George 121 years ahead of his time and still counting Libertarian Party at Sea on Land Author: Harold Kyriazi Book ISBN: 978-1-952489-02-0 First Published 2000 Robert Schalkenbach Foundation Official Publishers of the works of Henry George The Robert Schalkenbach Foundation (RSF) is a private operating foundation, founded in 1925, to promote public awareness of the social philosophy and economic reforms advocated by famed 19th century thinker and activist, Henry George. Today, RSF remains true to its founding doctrine, and through efforts focused on education, communities, outreach, and publishing, works to create a world in which all people are afforded the basic necessities of life and the natural world is protected for generations to come. ROBERT SCHALKENBACH FOUND ATION Robert Schalkenbach Foundation [email protected] www.schalkenbach.org Libertarian Party at Sea on Land By Harold Kyriazi ROBERT SCHALKENBACH FOUNDATION New York City 2020 Acknowledgments Dan Sullivan, my longtime fellow Pittsburgher and geo-libertarian, not only introduced me to this subject about seven years ago, but has been a wonderful teacher and tireless consultant over the years since then. I’m deeply indebted to him, and appreciative of his steadfast efforts to enlighten his fellow libertarians here in Pittsburgh and elsewhere. Robin Robertson, a fellow geo-libertarian whom I met at the 1999 Council of Georgist Organizations Conference, gave me detailed constructive criticism on an early draft, brought Ayn Rand’s essay on the broadcast spectrum to my attention, helped conceive the cover illustration, and helped in other ways too numerous to mention. -
Brazil Update 1
THINKING BRAZIL UPDATE NO. 16 - MARCH 2005 An Electronic Newsletter of BRAZIL @ THE WILSON CENTER Setting a Course for Equality UU Guaranteed Minimum Income in Brazil oughly equivalent to the landmass R of the continental United States, Brazil has effectively utilized its vast natu- P ral and human resources to secure its posi- P tion as a leader in the region and hemi- sphere. However, with almost 50 million of the nation’s 181 million inhabitants residing below the poverty line, Brazil has D one of the most unequal income distribu- D tions in the world. In recent times many worthwhile pro- grams have been introduced to combat this inequality, but none perhaps so bold A or as promising as the Citizen’s Basic A Income (CBI) legislation (Bill no. 10.385) signed into law by Brazilian President Luis Inácio Lula da Silva in January of 2004. Grounded in the principle that an uncon- ditional and guaranteed minimum income TT Eduardo Suplicy can strike a major blow for the eradication of poverty, this initiative will be implemented gradually over the next several years. EE At a February 10 session, Brazil @ the of this program, which he believes can Wilson Center and The Inter-American bestow dignity and real freedom for not Development Bank were pleased host the only the people of Brazil, but for many author of this landmark legislation, unequal nations of the world. Brazilian Senator Eduardo Suplicy. A Despite its position among the top member of Lula’s Partido Trablahadores 20 economies, Brazil has one of the most (Workers Party), Senator Suplicy has been unequal distributions of income in the working on these issues for many years, world.With nearly 50 million inhabitants and had recently completed a period of residing below the poverty line, many research in residence at the Woodrow resources have been tasked to combat Wilson Center. -
Paradism Appendix Official
Paradism – A Project for Society 1 1 Canadian Raelian Church (2014) We are rapidly approaching a Canadian society – and a world society too – in which human work will be unnecessary! We call that new society paradism. "Paradism is the essential key to the future of humanity. And it's possible now... It can be done in a few weeks, not in a few years... just a few weeks!"- Rael Introduction This document is intended primarily for politicians and the media, since the former have the power to change things and the latter to influence them. (That is, as long as they have the will to do it.) But this text also speaks to all who know that work can soon be rapidly eliminated through science and the cutting edge technologies available today, especially robotics. Those who become unemployed through this change need not lack for anything. Instead, they can blossom and thrive in a leisure society, where the arts, sports, mutual aid and collaboration will prevail. Robot workers will meet all material needs. That is paradism! Those who rightly question the current functioning of our society can help bring about the profound changes essential to create the just, 2 idyllic society just described. By actively contributing to those changes, they will be able to leave a positive heritage for the entire world. Under the current system, a few people are using technology selfishly, impoverishing the majority (many of whom have already lost or are about to lose their jobs due to technological advances) to enrich only themselves. Technological progress is inevitable, but it should be used for the good of everyone, not just the few who currently profit from it. -
Lessons from the Practice of Basic Income
LESSONS FROM THE PRACTICE OF BASIC INCOME A COMPENDIUM OF WRITINGS AND DATA MARCUS BRANCAGLIONE THIS BOOK WAS DISTRIBUTED BY: www.PaperRevolution.org © 2016 Marcus Brancaglione. All this material is protected under Licença ⒶRobinRight. To see a copy of this license, please go to http://robinright.org Autor: Marcus Brancaglione Organization: Bruna Augusto Translation by Monica Puntel, Leonardo Puntel, Carolina Fisher English Revison by Tracy Halls Brancaglione, Marcus. Lessons from the practice of Basic Income. A compendium of writings and data. São Paulo. Clube de autores, 2015. Number of pages. 124 p. Assuntos: 1.Libertarism. 2.Democracy. 3.Republic. TO MY LOVE AND TO MY CHILDREN SUMÁRIO PART I 8 The Word as a Revolutionary Act 8 DISCOURSE FOR THE BUDAPEST CONFERENCE 9 REVOLUTIONARY SPEECH FOR THE UNCONDITIONAL BASIC INCOME AT THE GOETHEANUM 38 Organization For The United Peoples 38 ABOUT THE REVOLUTION OF THE ECO-LIBERTARIANISM BASIC INCOME 46 LIBERTY, PROPERTY AND IDENTITY 55 LETTER TO THE EUROPEAN BASIC INCOME WEEK 2015 65 ARE YOU IN FAVOR OF A NATIONAL BASIC INCOME? 67 SEASTEADING PROPOSAL FOR THE REFUGEES 70 BASIC INCOME AND THE REFUGEES IN BRAZIL 76 THE REFUGEES NEED UNCONDITIONAL BASIC INCOME FREE OF ELECTORAL POLITICAL PARTY TRAPS. 83 NON-WHITES OF THE WORLD UNITE 87 BBC NEWS TITLE: WHY DOES FINLAND WANT TO PAY A MINIMUM WAGE SALARY FOR ALL. 93 SUBTITLE: WHAT WOULD YOU SAY IF YOUR PRESIDENT ANNOUNCED THAT STARTING FROM TODAY EVERY CITIZEN – WORKING OR NOT – WOULD RECEIVE BASIC INCOME? 93 NON-GOVERNAMENTAL TO ECO-LIBERTARIAN BASIC -
BIEN - Basic Income Earth Network NEW SFLASH 47 September 2007 **************************************************
BIEN - Basic Income Earth Network NEW SFLASH 47 September 2007 ************************************************** www.basicincome.org The Basic Income Earth Network was founded in 1986 as the Basic Income European Network. It expanded its scope from Europe to the Earth in 2004. It serves as a link between individuals and groups committed to or interested in basic income, and fosters informed discussion on this topic throughout the world. The present NewsFlash has been prepared with the help of Paul Nollen, Simon Birnbaum, David Casassas, Erik Christensen, Claudia & Dirk Haardman, Jurgen De W ispelaere, Phil Dines, Sandro Gobetti, Seàn Healy, Marek Hrubec, Malcolm Torry, Philippe Van Parijs, and Karl W iderquist. This NewsFlash can be downloaded as a PDF document on our website www.basicincome.org CONTENTS 1. Editorial : Tribute to André Gorz 2. 12th BIEN Congress June 2008 3. Events 4.Glimpses of national debates 5. Publications 6. New Links 7. About BIEN _____ 1. EDITORIAL: Tribute to André Gorz French social philosopher and journalist André Gorz (born in 1923) committed suicide with his wife in their home in Vosnon (France), and was found dead on September 24, 2007. Gorz was one of the most prominent advocates of an unconditional basic income. In his classic essays on work, socialism, or green politics, he had first expressed some scepticism with regard to the idea of an —income by right“. His chapter in Arguing for Basic Income (edited by Philippe Van Parijs, Verso, 1996) was significantly entitled: —On the Difference between Society and Community, and W hy Basic Income Cannot by itself Confer Full Membership of Either“.