District Survey Report - 2018

DEPARTMENT OF MINES AND GEOLOGY Government of Andhra Pradesh DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT VIZIANAGARAM DISTRICT

Prepared by

ANDHRA PRADESH SPACE APPLICATIONS CENTRE (APSAC) ITE&C Department, Govt. of Andhra Pradesh 2018

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

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District Survey Report - 2018

APSAC wishes to place on record its sincere thanks to Sri B.Sreedhar IAS, Secretary to Government (Mines) and the Director, Department of Mines and Geology, Govt. of Andhra Pradesh for entrusting the work for preparation of District Survey Reports of Andhra Pradesh. The team gratefully acknowledge the help of the Commissioner, Horticulture Department, Govt. of Andhra Pradesh and the Director, Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Planning Department, Govt. of Andhra Pradesh for providing valuable statistical data and literature. The Project team is also thankful to all joint directors, Deputy Directors, Assistant Directors and the staff of Mines and Geology Department for their overall support and guidance during the execution of this work. Also sincere thanks are due to the scientific staff of APSAC who has generated all the thematic maps.

VICE CHAIRMAN APSAC

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Table of Contents

1. Salient Features of Vizianagaram District ...... 1

1.1 Administrative Setup ...... 1

1.2 Drainage ...... 4

1.3 Climate and Rainfall ...... 6

1.4 Air Pollution ...... 18

1.5 Transport and Communications ...... 18

1.6 Population and Literacy ...... Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.7 Important Places ...... 17

1.7a Places of Tourist Interest ...... 17

1.7b Places of Economic and Commercial Importance ...... 18

2. Land Utilization, Forest and Slope of Vizianagaram District ...... 20

2.1 Land Use / Land Cover Classification ...... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.2. Slope Map of the District...... 33

2.3 Forest Cover Distribution ...... 36

3. Agriculture and Horticulture Resources in the District...... 37

3.1 Kharif Rice Estimation Using SAR data ...... 38

3.2 Crop Acreage Estimation ...... 39

3.3 Soil Resources of the District ...... 39

3.4 Horticulture ...... 40

4. Coastal Resources and Aquaculture of Vizianagaram DistrictError! Bookmark not defined.

4.1 Status of Shoreline Change in Vizianagaram District ...... Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.2 Aquaculturein Vizianagaram District ...... 49

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5. Water and Irrigation Resources of Vizianagaram District ...... 53

5.1 Surface Water Resources of Vizianagaram District ...... 53

5.1.1 Major and Medium Irrigation Projects...... 55

5.1.2 Major Irrigation Projects ...... 56

5.1.3 Medium Irrigation Projects ...... 56

5.1.4 Minor Irrigation Projects...... 57

5.1.5 Tank Information System ...... 59

5.2 Ground Water Prospects of Vizianagaram District ...... 59

5.2.1 Geology of Vizianagaram District ...... 59

5.2.2 Mineral Resources of Vizianagaram District ...... 62

5.2.3 Geomorphology of Vizianagaram District ...... 62

5.2.4 Landforms of fluvial origin ...... 65

5.2.5 Landforms of Coastal origin ...... 67

5.2.6 Landforms of Structural origin ...... 68

5.2.7 Landforms of Denudational origin ...... 68

5.3 Structural Features of Vizianagaram District ...... 70

5.4 Ground water Prospects in the District ...... 71

5.5 Ground water Quality of the District ...... 71

6. Details of Major Minerals Their Production and Revenue in the District ...... 76

6.1 Administrative Set-Up of DMG in Vizianagaram District ...... 76

6.2 Overall view of Mining Activity in the District ...... 76

6.3 Availability of Sand, Gravel and Aggregate Resources ...... 82

7. Reference ...... 112

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S.No Figure Page Fig.1,2 Administrative Boundaries & Satellite Image of 2,3 1,2 Vizianagaram District 3 Fig.3 Drainage Network and Surface Water bodies 5 Fig: 4 Distribution of Automatic Weather Stations in 9 4 Vizianagaram District 5 Fig.5 Distribution of Rainfall in Vizianagaram District 10 6,7 Fig.6,7 Panchayati Raj and R&B Road Network of 12,13 Vizianagaram District 8 Fig:8 Bar diagram of total population in Vizianagaram District 15 Fig: 9 Growth rate diagram of population in Vizianagaram 15 9 District 10 Fig.10 Mandal wise Distribution of Schedule Caste Population 16 and Types of Hostels and Residential Schools in Vizianagaram District

11 Fig. 11 Important Tourist Places in Vizianagaram District 18 Fig. 12 Land Use / Land Cover Map of Vizianagaram District 21 12 During 2015-16 34 13 Fig. 13 General Slope of Vizianagaram District

14 Fig: 14 Digital Elevation Model of Vizianagaram District 35 Fig: 15 Forest cover map of Vizianagaram District during 2015- 36 15 16 Fig. 16 (a) Ground truth data overlaid on multi-temporal RGB 38 16 image, (b) Rice cropped area and (c) Transplantation date- wise rice cropped area over Vizianagaram District. 15 Fig. 17 Soil Resource Map of Vizianagaram District 39 16 Fig. 18 Shore line changes map of Vizianagaram district 48 17 Fig.19 Aquaculture Distribution in Vizianagaram District 50 18 Fig.20 Pusapatirega Cluster map of Vizianagaram district 52 19 Fig.21 Champavathi River (part) Creek map of Vizianagaram 53 district 20 Fig. 22 Major and Medium Irrigation Projects of Vizianagaram 57

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District Fig. 23 Drainage, surface water bodies, basin and sub basin 58 21 boundaries 22 Fig. 24 Geology Map of Vizianagaram District 61 Fig: 25 Detailed Legend with Stratigraphic Sequence of 62 23 Vizianagaram District 24 Fig.26 Geomorphology of Vizianagaram District 66 25 Fig.27 Structural Map of Vizianagaram District 71 26 Fig.28 Ground Water prospects in Vizianagaram District 72

27 Fig.29 Distribution of Piezometer Observation wells in 73 Vizianagaram District

28 Fig.30 Ground Water Quality Map of Vizianagaram District 75

S.No Tables Page

1 Table: 1 Mandal wise Average Rainfall 7

2 Table: 2 Industrial Air Pollutants in Vizianagaram district 11

3 Table:3 Demographic details of Vizianagaram district 14

4 Table: 4 Category-wise Distributions of Land use/Land Cover 22 During 2015-16 5 Table: 5 Forest Cover Distribution of Vizianagaram District 37 Coast 6 Table: 6 Soil Resource Distribution of Vizianagaram District 41

7 Table: 7 Aerial Extent (Ha) of Fresh Fruits with Production 43 (MT) in Vizianagaram District(2017-18) 8 Table: 8 Aerial Extent (Ha) of Vegetables with Production (MT) 44 in Vizianagaram District(2017-18) 9 Table- 9 Aerial Extent (Ha) of Plantation with Production (MT) 46 in Vizianagaram District(2017-18)

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10 Table-10 Aerial Extent (Ha) of Spices with Production (MT) in 46 Vizianagaram District(2017-18)

11 Table-11 Aerial Extent (Ha) of Flowerswith Production (MT) in 47 Vizianagaram District(2017-18

12 Table:12 Shoreline Characteristics and status of 49 Vizianagaram Coast

13 Table:13 Cluster - wise Aquaculture distribution in 49 Vizianagaram district

14 Table:14 Mandal - wise Aquaculture distribution in 52 Vizianagaram district 15 Table:15 Hydrological units of Vizianagaram district 54

16 Table:16 Drainage System with Description of main rivers 55

17 Table:17 Salient Features of Important Rivers and Streams 55

18 Table:17 Statement Showing the List of Quarry Leases in 85 Force in Vizianagaram District

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1. Salient Features of Vizianagaram District

Vizianagaram District with its district headquarters at Vizianagaram town is one of the north coastal districts of Andhra Pradesh state. It is surrounded on the East by Srikakulam District, on the South and West by Visakhapatnam district, on the South-East by Bay of Bengal, and on North-West by Odisha state. The district is formed in the year 1979 by carving out certain border parts from both the neighbouring districts of Srikakulam and Visakhapatnam. The district derives its name from the most popular and historical town in the region ‘Vizianagaram’. It lies between 17º 15’ and 19º 15’ of the North latitude and 83º 00’’ and 83º 45’ of East longitude which extends over an area of 6539 Sq. Kms. with a coastline of 29 Kms.

1.1 Administrative Setup

The District is divided into 2 Revenue Divisions (Vizianagaram and Parvathipuram), 34 Mandals, 14 towns and 1,520 villages. The District is naturally divided into Coastal Plains and Upland Zones. Northern region of the district is under Parvatipuram revenue division and comprises mostly of agency tract with hill ranges viz., Dumakonda, Antikonda, Palakonda, Kodagandi and Gamatikonda. These form a part of Eastern Ghats and they run North-East to South-West direction parallel to the coast. The height of these hills is 914 metres on an average, where the highest peak is found at 1615 metres. These hilly areas are seen with dense forest grown with wooded trees and nature’s beautiful locations. There are 3 Parliamentary and 9 Assembly constituencies in the district. The five municipalities in Vizianagaram district are 1.Vizianagaram, 2.Bobbili, 3.Salur, 4.Bobbili and 5.Parvatipuram.

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Fig.1 Administrative Boundaries of Vizianagaram District

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Fig.2 Administrative Boundaries draped on Satellite Image of Vizianagaram District

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1.2 Drainage

There are six rivers draining the district, viz. Nagavali, Gosthani, Suvarnamukhi, Champavathi, Vegavathi, and Gomukhi. They originate in the Eastern Ghats and after flowing through the district, finally join Bay of Bengal.

The Nagavali is the main river that flows for 112 KM in the district and joins the sea near Mofuzbander, Srikakulam district. It is also known as Langulya, has 200 KM of total length and has a catchment area of 8,964 KM. It originates in Odisha state and flows through Komarada, Jiyyammavalasa and Garugubilli mandals before entering Srikakulam district. Important tributaries of the Nagavali River are Suvarnamukhi, Vegavathi, Janjhavathi and Vottigedda.

The Gostani River originates in the Ananthagiri forest area of Srungavarapukota near Borra caves. It flows through Jami mandal before entering Visakhapatnam district.

The River Suvarnamukhi originates in the hills of Saluru, flows eastward in Bobbili area before joining Nagavali River near Palakonda of Srikakulam district.

The Vegavathi River starts from Pachipenta hills of Pachipenta mandal, flows parallel to Suvarnamukhi before joining Nagavali River.

The Gomukhi River originates in the Eastern Ghats and drains in the North-West direction of Saluru.

The Champavathi River originates from Eastern Ghats in Srikakulam district, passes through Saluru mandal and Vizianagaram mandal. It finally joins Bay of Bengal near Konada village, Pusapatirega mandal of the district.

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Odisha state

Fig.3 Drainage Network and Surface Water bodies of the District

Agriculturally, the importance of the above sources is more as they not only feed minor irrigation tanks but also provide sources for lift irrigation and boost ground water potential. There are 8 reservoirs, 5983 tanks, and 45 ponds in the district. Few important irrigation sources are Thotapally barrage, Denkada, Tatipudi reservoir, Seethanagaram, Pedda Ankalamma anicut, Vottigedda, Vengalarayasagaram, Andra (Extn), Janjavathi, and Peddagedda reservoir. The registered ayacut of these project/canals is 45,036 hectares.

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1.3 Climate and Rainfall

The climate of the district is characterized as high humidity almost throughout the year with extreme summer and adequate seasonal rainfall. The summer is normally from the month of March to June. The rainy season is followed in the form of South-West monsoon till the middle of October. Retreating monsoon is followed till November. During the period from December to February, the district experiences good weather with cool temperatures. The northern hilly parts are cooler than plains as they receive higher rainfall and also due to higher elevations. The maximum and minimum temperatures are recorded in the month of May and December respectively. The Automatic Weather Stations (AWS) are established at all mandals by A.P. State Developmental Planning Society (APSDPS), Planning Department, Govt. of A.P. (Fig.5) and the data from these stations is received every day.

The annual average rainfall of the district is 1081 mm, of which 922 mm falls as South West (June-September) and 159 mm as North East (October-December) monsoon. The actual rainfall in the district was 1069.0 mm in the year of 2015- 16. The mean minimum and maximum temperature recorded in the district were 19.4° C in December and 37.5° C in May, respectively.

The mandal-wise average annual rainfall (in mm) data of last 20 years (till 2015) is given in the following table.

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Table:1 Vizianagaram District - Mandal Wise Average Annual Rainfall (mm) - Data of last 20 Years till 2015 S No Mandal Name Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec TOTAL 1 KOMARADA 10.34 7.56 31.06 46.91 75.49 127.05 220.49 229.88 219.10 119.60 32.34 8.39 1128.20 2 GUMMALAKSHMIPURAM 11.55 11.68 30.35 58.66 83.06 163.58 214.53 254.05 217.41 126.43 30.96 8.49 1210.73 3 KURUPAM 12.37 9.98 23.31 38.18 63.22 121.24 202.62 202.04 165.19 106.88 27.54 6.39 978.96 4 JIYYAMMA VALASA 4.48 10.88 18.29 47.83 56.89 152.40 200.63 214.48 171.95 99.73 35.33 10.53 1023.39 5 GARUGUBILLI 10.75 10.54 20.29 42.92 80.25 163.40 199.38 235.81 213.85 110.95 40.95 9.87 1138.94 6 PARVATHIPURAM 18.11 14.63 33.99 48.23 97.19 174.73 239.75 242.79 233.29 141.03 48.99 8.64 1301.38 7 MAKKUVA 20.46 11.31 19.76 39.28 82.58 145.66 201.46 226.06 204.65 139.59 54.22 15.37 1160.40 8 SEETHANAGARAM 11.96 16.11 28.08 40.03 102.19 151.31 196.54 207.63 198.55 128.61 50.14 10.10 1141.25 9 BALAJIPETA 11.66 11.33 21.85 33.60 103.44 130.08 181.43 212.58 218.51 122.36 44.50 8.32 1099.65 10 BOBBILI 15.70 10.60 28.81 45.53 94.09 152.66 194.00 196.52 200.25 137.25 59.96 7.15 1142.52 11 SALUR 9.47 10.01 22.95 38.09 92.85 157.21 187.27 187.26 187.77 146.03 65.09 13.63 1117.62 12 PACHIPENTA 7.70 5.28 26.42 39.48 97.05 141.19 149.37 177.07 183.30 147.12 61.19 16.94 1052.10 13 RAMABHADRAPURAM 6.17 10.82 18.58 36.75 101.14 150.84 179.52 196.80 200.82 149.92 55.92 15.41 1122.68 14 BADANGI 14.35 8.39 18.56 37.60 81.99 134.34 160.17 168.92 193.30 140.36 51.65 9.38 1019.01 15 THERLAM 7.99 9.33 17.29 31.10 85.26 103.78 146.29 180.81 164.77 134.62 53.80 8.49 943.52 16 MERAKAMUDIDAM 9.43 11.08 17.86 35.76 88.68 147.41 161.55 204.44 180.51 157.21 61.18 10.15 1085.27 17 DATTIRAJERU 7.74 8.40 13.58 37.34 61.62 154.99 175.78 202.03 191.82 181.15 63.12 15.97 1113.53 18 MENTADA 8.24 5.50 11.48 35.66 60.00 140.23 141.12 178.09 178.41 142.26 78.17 15.74 994.88 19 GAJAPATHINAGARAM 10.11 11.00 10.13 25.22 72.23 127.61 137.77 173.04 161.53 145.69 66.93 10.08 951.33 20 BONDAPALLE 7.76 11.38 13.24 27.83 81.88 136.10 152.78 200.26 184.66 154.13 62.68 11.58 1044.26 21 GURLA 4.70 5.15 10.19 22.68 73.44 126.14 161.07 174.29 165.77 153.05 60.17 13.41 970.07 22 GARIVIDI 5.61 9.04 13.30 28.07 74.48 131.29 179.01 186.68 173.08 176.93 59.57 13.44 1050.50 23 CHEEPURUPALLE 5.99 8.49 12.68 24.53 76.73 142.43 174.86 198.54 168.28 178.79 69.48 10.54 1071.34 24 NELLIMARLA 4.88 9.96 9.59 17.84 65.40 120.63 155.20 174.50 172.32 167.12 65.34 9.73 972.50 25 PUSAPATIREGA 3.04 10.51 9.03 14.08 65.67 110.02 133.13 162.38 158.49 192.00 59.95 10.99 929.28

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26 BHOGHAPURAM 7.34 14.46 10.42 25.47 67.02 119.13 143.21 169.10 156.33 172.15 91.83 12.40 988.85 27 DENKADA 6.28 12.48 11.66 27.98 69.98 130.96 139.01 149.82 166.41 165.15 67.51 10.43 957.66 28 VIZIANAGARAM 9.92 13.01 13.00 24.40 84.21 150.89 194.03 208.21 206.12 184.53 88.10 10.44 1186.86 29 GANTYADA 8.87 13.91 17.84 29.15 83.40 157.82 165.60 187.98 223.63 191.95 63.08 12.48 1155.69 30 SRUNGAVARAPUKOTA 14.46 17.87 23.60 47.87 97.80 155.19 165.46 214.04 236.24 193.02 84.94 14.83 1265.31 31 VEPADA 10.54 14.00 23.66 41.28 105.40 138.70 154.95 206.02 225.47 190.35 60.01 10.82 1181.21 32 LAKKAVARAPUKOTA 6.73 14.35 17.86 32.42 65.19 169.98 133.15 205.11 216.13 155.42 54.14 14.89 1085.36 33 JAMI 7.93 10.20 19.98 28.70 87.53 125.85 149.66 180.06 206.95 171.43 75.40 10.66 1074.33 34 KOTHAVALASA 8.91 12.56 20.73 32.36 90.79 133.10 162.09 206.65 244.62 193.39 73.07 10.85 1189.13 Total 9.46 10.93 18.81 34.79 81.41 140.82 172.14 197.47 193.81 153.42 59.33 11.37 1083.76

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Fig.4 Distribution of Automatic Weather Stations (AWS) in Vizianagaram District

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Fig.5 Distribution of Rainfall in Vizianagaram District

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1.4 Air Pollution

Data on Air pollutants concentration (all parameters) from air quality monitoring stations is presented in terms of ambient air quality. The quality monitoring data (annual averages) of NAMP stations from 2013 to 2018 (up to March):

Table .2 Industrial Air Pollutants in Vizianagaram district

Station name & Type Year RSPM SO2 NOx NH3 CO code (PM10) 2013 63 12.4 17.1 30 -

2014 68 13.6 21.4 58 -

2015 71 9.9 23.0 64 - Vizianagaram - 752 Industrial 2016 86 8.4 20.9 70 -

2017 73 9.0 17.5 67 -

2018 65 9.0 20.1 70 -

Standards* 60 50 40 100

Note: All values are expressed in µg/m3 except CO. CO value is expressed in mg/m3.

Standard* - National Ambient Air Quality Standards, Central Pollution Control Board Notification, New Delhi, the 18th November, 2009

1.5 Transport and Communications

The District is well served by roads and railways. About 260.44 Kms route length of broad gauge railway line with 31 railway stations (2015-16, DES) is serving the needs of the people. Vizianagaram railway station is a junction for the routes Chennai-Kolkata and Visakhapatnam-Rayagada. The network of National highways, State highways, District roads and Panchayat roads is shown in Fig.6. The nearest airport and sea port are only 50 Kms away at

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Visakhapatnam. A new International Airport is coming up near Bhogapuram in the district which is the only international airport in the north coastal districts. APSAC carried out a detailed mapping of Panchayatraj roads using high resolution satellite data and developed a web application.

Fig.6 Panchayatraj and R&B Road Network of Vizianagaram District

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Highway Roads and Railways in Vizianagaram District

Fig.7 Highway Roads and Railways of Vizianagaram District

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1.6 Population and Literacy

According to 2011 census, the district has a total population of 23,44,474 out of which 11,61,477 are males and 11,82,997 are females. The district has a sex ratio of 1019 females for every 1000 males. In the year 2001-2011, the population growth rate in the district was 4.23% out of which 3.75% are males and 4.72% are females. The major religion in the district is Hindu with 98.07% of the total population. As per 2001 census, the principal language in the district is Telugu with 94.84%.

Table .3 Demographic details of Vizianagaram district Demographics: Population (2011) District Population Male Female Total Vizianagaram 2344474 1161477 1182997 Andhra Pradesh 49386799 24738068 24648731 India 1210569573 623121843 587447730 Rank of District in State 13 13 13 Rank of District in India 193 201 183 Rural Vizianagaram 1853563 920428 933135 Andhra Pradesh 34776389 17445803 17330586 India 833463448 427632643 405830805 Rank of District in State 13 13 13 Rank of District in India 145 149 143 Urban Vizianagaram 490911 241049 249862 Andhra Pradesh 14 610410 7292265 7318145 India 377106125 195489200 181616925 Rank of Dist 12 12 12 Rank of District in India 211 218 197

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Fig.8 Bar diagram of total population in Vizianagaram District

Fig.9 Growth rate diagram of population in Vizianagaram District

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The district is well known as an abode of several reputed educational institutions. It provides a platform for higher education. Some of its recognized educational institutions are Avanthi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Kodi Rama Murthy College of Physical Education, Maharajah's Government College of Music and Dance, Maharaj Vijayaram Gajapath Raj College of Engineering, St.Theressa Institute of Engineering and Technology, Thandra Paparaya Institute of Science and Technology, etc. As per 2011 census, the literacy rate in the district is 58.89% with

68.15% being males and 49.87% females.

Fig.10 Mandal wise Distribution of Schedule Caste Population and Types of Hostels and Residential Schools in Vizianagaram District

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1.7 Important Places

1.7a Places of Tourist Interest

The district has several centres of attraction which allure many travellers from different parts of the country as well as all over the globe. Vizianagaram fort, a beautiful fort in the district was constructed by Vijayarama Raju-I in 1713 A.D. on the auspicious day of Vijaya Dashami. The Victory arch was the main entrance to the Vizianagaram fort. Furthermore, there is a temple of Lord Hanuman on one side and Goddess Lakshmi on the other within the complex of the fort. The Moti Mahal, constructed in 1869 by Vijayarama Raju-III is situated in the district. The monument stands evidence for the glorious past of the district. Alaknanda Palace, built in 1857 for the royal guests provide its visitors with all comforts of life with some mesmerising natural scenery and man-made beauty. Some other notable places of interest in the district are Korukonda Palace, Perla Vari home, Bobbili Fort, Raj Mahal, Bobbili Guest House, Thotapalli Barrage, Oudh Khana, Ganta Stambham Ramathirtham, Tripuranthaka swamy temple, Govindapuram, Kumili village, Moddukovillu temple, Gostani sarovar vihar and many more.

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Fig.11 Important Tourist Places in Vizianagaram District

1.7 b Places of Economic and Commercial importance

Agriculture is the backbone of the economy of the district. More than half of its rural population are engaged in agriculture in order to earn their livelihood. Since the district has no big irrigation project, the farmers of the district are solely dependent on rain water. The chief agricultural products in the district are paddy, groundnut,

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cotton, sugarcane, pulses, etc. Every year a huge chunk of revenue comes from the agricultural products in the district which helps its economy to a great extent.

The district is also rich in mineral resources which are utilized by the FACOR and other industries. The economy of district has contribution from industrial sector as well. The foremost industries in the district are Ferro Alloys Corporation Limited, Jindal Stainless Limited, Andhra Ferro Alloys Limited, Matrix Laboratories Limited, HBL Power systems Limited, APSRTC Garage and Zonal Workshop Vizianagaram, Andhra Pradesh Tanneries Limited, etc.

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2. Land Utilization, Forest and Slope of Vizianagaram District

The Land Use / Land Cover (LULC) pattern of any region is an outcome of various physical and cultural factors, and their utilization by man in time and space. Land use refers to the type of utilization to which man has put the land. It also refers to the evaluation of the land with respect to various natural characteristics. But, land cover describes the vegetal attributes of land. Land use/land cover data is essential for planners, decision makers and those concerned with land resources management. For proper understanding of the influence of various human-induced land use practices with regard to the environmental change, it is essential to help simulate the land use changes. Remote sensing technology is considered the most effective as it provides timely and authentic information about the spatial distribution of land use/land cover, while Geographical Information System (GIS) provides a flexible digital environment for collecting, storing, visualizing and analyzing the spatial data. Remote sensing as a vital tool helps for rapid assessment and monitoring of a natural resource. When combined with GIS, it makes it possible to map land use/cover phenomena in detail for further planning, development, and decision- making, which is essential for meeting the increasing demands and welfare of the ever-growing population.

2.1 Land Use / Land Cover Classification

Various land use/land cover categories have been delineated by using 3 seasons (Kharif, Rabi & Zaid) satellite data under level-3 classification. For on-screen digitization, visual image interpretation techniques (size, shape, color, tone, texture, association and pattern) have been used for classifying the land use/land cover map (NRSA, 2006). This information is used for general planning purposes at district/mandal level. The broad categories are built-up, agricultural, forest, wastelands, wetlands and water bodies. The major part of the district is arable land with substantial forest cover in the north, northeast and southwest of Salur.

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Grasslands are seen west of Chipurupalle and north and south of Vizianagaram town. The spatial distribution of land use/land cover of the Vizianagaram district is shown in Figure-12 and area statistics presented in Table-4.

Fig.12 Land Use / Land Cover Map of Vizianagaram District, 2015-16

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Table-4 Category-wise Distributions of Land use/Land Cover, 2015-16

S. No Land Use Categories Year 2015-16 Area in sq.km. %

Built-Up Land 181.40 2.77 1 Compact (Continuous) 20.61 0.32 2 Sparse (Discontinuous) 15.00 0.23 3 Vegetated / Open Area 26.72 0.41 4 Rural 91.73 1.40 5 Industrial 10.60 0.16 6 Mining - Active 2.63 0.04 7 Mining - Abandoned 0.12 0.00 8 Quarry 13.99 0.21 Agricultural Land 4520.55 69.13 9 Kharif Crop 2041.66 31.22 10 Rabi Crop 22.11 0.34 11 Zaid Crop 2.26 0.03 12 Cropped in 2 seasons 1406.41 21.51 13 Cropped in more than 2 seasons 66.17 1.01 14 Fallow 281.19 4.30 15 Plantation 700.40 10.71 16 Aquaculture 0.35 0.01 Forest 1097.81 16.79 17 Deciduous (Dry/Moist/Thorn)-Dense 86.50 1.32 18 Deciduous (Dry/Moist/Thorn)-Open 517.59 7.91 19 Forest Plantation 16.01 0.24 20 Scrub Forest 266.67 4.08 21 Tree Clad Area-Dense 40.12 0.61 22 Tree Clad Area-Open 170.93 2.61 Wastelands 428.47 6.55 23 Gullied Land 3.56 0.05 24 Ravinous Land 29.47 0.45 25 Dense scrub 287.77 4.40

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S. No Land Use Categories Year 2015-16 Area in sq.km. %

26 Open scrub 90.06 1.38 27 Coastal 1.78 0.03 28 Barren Rocky/Stony waste 15..84 0.24 Wetlands 1.84 0.03 29 Inland Natural (Ox-bow lake, 0.85 0.01 waterlogged etc.) 30 Coastal - Saltpans 0.99 0.02 Water bodies 309.55 4.73 31 River/Stream-Perennial 7.44 0.11 32 River/Stream-Non Perennial 61.35 0.94 33 Canal/Drain 14.78 0.23 34 Lakes/Ponds-Permanent 0.02 0.00 35 Lakes/Ponds-Seasonal 0.13 0.00 36 Reservoir/Tanks-Permanent 22.18 0.34 37 Reservoir/Tanks-Seasonal 203.66 3.11 Total 6539.63 100.00

Built-Up

These are the areas of human habitation that has a cover of buildings, transport and communication, utilities in association with water, vegetation and vacant lands. It consists of built-up (Compact & Sparse), Vegetated / Open Area, Rural, Industrial and Mining/Quarry. It occupies an area of 181.40 sq. km, which is about 2.77% of the total geographical area of the district.

Built up - Compact (Continuous)

Most of the land is covered by buildings, roads, and artificially surfaced area and cover almost all the ground. The built-up - compact class is assigned when the urban structures and transport network (i.e. impermeable surfaces) occupies more

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than 80 % of the surface area. This category occupied 20.61 sq.kms, which are found in urban areas.

Built up - Sparse (Discontinuous)

Most of the land is covered by the structures like buildings, roads and artificially surfaced areas associated with vegetated areas and bare soil, which occupy discontinuous but significant surfaces. Between 30 to 80 % of the total surface should be impermeable. Scattered blocks of residential flats, hamlets and small villages are delineated under this category. It contributes an area of 15.00 sq. km, which are found in peri-urban areas.

Vegetated / Open Area

These are vegetated areas within urban agglomeration (situated within or in contact with urban areas). Vegetation cover of trees, shrubs, and herbs cover the surface area, and it has been delineated. Open areas used as Parks, sport and leisure facilities, camping grounds, sports grounds, leisure parks, golf courses, race courses, including formal parks etc are considered in this category. This category occupies an area of 26.72 sq. km.

Built-Up – Rural

These are the lands used for the human settlement of size comparatively less than the urban settlements of which more than 80% of the people are involved in the primary activity of agriculture and associated with non-commercial, and with allied classes are identified as built up (rural) category. The rural area contributed is about 91.73 sq. km.

Industrial

Non-linear impervious surfaces are included in this class which is related to trade, manufacturing, distribution and commerce. These are areas where the human activity is observed in the form of manufacturing along with other supporting

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establishments for maintenance. The industrial area occupies an area of 10.60 sq. km, which is observed in and around towns.

Mining – Active

Mining areas encompass area under surface operations. The recognizable impacts of these activities on the landscape are unmistakable giant pit mines covering vast areas. The active mining areas are presently large-scale surface operations of removal of economically important ores and presently going on. The active mining area contributes an area of 2.63 sq. km.

Mining – Abandoned

These are the areas where large-scale surface operations of removal of economically important ores are carried out in the past, but presently kept abandoned due to various reasons like economical, operational, viability, disturbances, etc. Only 0.12 sq. km has been contributed under this category.

Quarry

These are manifestations of surface mining operations wherein small-scale excavation of land surface for sand, gravel, clay-phosphate mines, limestone quarries etc. are taking place. They are mostly characterized by the nearness to urban areas. It contributes an area of about 13.99 sq.kms.

Agricultural Land

The land use category is primarily used for the production of food, fiber, and other commercial and horticultural crops. It includes land under crops namely cropland, fallow land, agricultural plantation and aquaculture. The agricultural category was found as the major category covering 4520.55 sq. km (69.13%) during 2015-16. It is also found that double-cropped area was about 21.51% of the district total.

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Kharif Crop

Agricultural area cultivated between June/July to September/ October coinciding with SW monsoon season is considered Kharif crop. It is associated with rain-fed crops under dryland farming with limited or no irrigation and areas of rain-fed paddy and other dry crops. Kharif is found to be the major agricultural category with an extension of 2041.66 sq. km (31.22 %) in the district.

Rabi Crop

These areas are cultivated between November/December to February/March. It is associated with areas under assured irrigation irrespective of the source of irrigation. However, Rabi cropped areas also occur in rain-fed regions, under residual soil moisture conditions especially in black soil areas with high rainfall during Kharif season. The extent of Rabi cropped area is about 22.11 sq.km (0.34%).

Zaid Crop

These are the areas that are cropped during summer (April – May) which are mostly associated with irrigated areas with fertile soils, confined to plains/delta areas. The areas were found in 2.26 sq. km during 2015-16.

Cropped in two seasons

These are the areas that are cropped during two cropping seasons that are often seen associated with irrigated areas. Normally Kharif + Rabi and Kharif + Zaid combination is possible in double cropped areas. It is found that this is the 2nd major agricultural category with an extent of 1406.41 sq. km (21.51%).

Cropped in more than two seasons

These are the areas which are cropped in more than two cropping seasons. It includes triple cropped areas (Kharif, Rabi and Zaid), areas under multiple cropping.

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Long duration crops like sugarcane, cotton, banana, etc., are considered under this category. It contributes an area of 66.17sq. km (1.01%).

Fallow land

The agricultural land which is being used for cultivation but is temporarily allowed to rest or un-cropped for one or more seasons, but not less than a year and for not more than five years is referred to as fallow land. The fallow land occupies an area of 281.19 sq. km.

Agricultural Plantation

These are the areas under agricultural tree crops planted adopting agricultural management techniques. These also include the areas of land use systems and practices wherein cultivation of herbs, shrubs, and vegetable crops are deliberately integrated with agricultural crops mostly in irrigated conditions for ecological and economic reasons. These areas are separable from cropland, especially with the data acquired during Rabi/Zaid season. Plantations appear in dark-red to red tone of different sizes with regular and sharp edges indicating the presence of a fence around it. It is found that 700.40 sq. km area is under plantation crops.

Aquaculture

These are the areas where fish and shrimps are bred and reared for commercial purposes. Aquaculture ponds are located mostly along the coast or in lakes, river and estuaries. This category is mostly found along the coast with an area of 0.35 sq. km.

Forest

The term forest is used to refer to land with a tree canopy cover of more than 10 percent and area of more than 0.5 ha. Forest is determined both by the presence of trees and the absence of other predominant land uses within the notified forest boundaries. The trees should be able to reach a minimum height of 5 m within the

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notified forest boundaries. The forest cover occupied about 1097.81sq.km (16.79%) area. Deciduous (Dry/Moist/Thorn)-Dense This category is predominantly composed of species, which shed their leaves once a year, especially during summer. These are mostly broad-leaved tropical forests with a tendency to shed their leaves annually. This category includes all the areas where the canopy cover/density is more than 40 % and contributed 86.50 sq. km.

Deciduous (Dry/Moist/Thorn)-Open

This category is predominantly composed of species, which shed their leaves once a year, especially during summer. These are mostly broad-leaved tropical forests with a tendency to shed their leaves annually. This category includes all the forest areas where the canopy cover/density ranges from 10 to 40 percent. An area of 517.59 sq. km is attributed to this category.

Forest Plantation

These are the areas of tree species of forestry importance, raised and managed especially in the notified forest areas. Most of these are located in uplands, coastal areas within the notified areas. Many of these can be identified based on the sharp boundary exhibited by them. The distribution of forest plantation is 16.01sq. km.

Scrub Forest

These are the forest areas which are generally seen at the fringes of dense forest cover and settlements, where there is biotic and abiotic interference. Most times they are located closer to habitations. Forest blanks which are the openings amidst forest areas, devoid of tree cover, observed as openings of assorted size and shapes as manifested on the imagery are also included in this category. It is attributed to an area of 266.67 sq. km (4.08%).

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Tree Clad Area-Dense

Areas with tree cover lying outside the notified forest area with a woody perennial plant with a single, well-defined stem carrying a more-or-less-defined crown and being at least 3 m tall. Plants essentially herbaceous but with a woody appearance (e.g. bamboos and ferns) are also classified as trees if the height is more than 5 m and as shrubs, if the height is less than 5 m. This category includes all the areas where the canopy cover/density is more than 40%. It occupied an area of 40.12 sq. km.

Tree Clad Area-Open

Areas with tree cover lying outside the notified forest area with a woody perennial plant with a single, well-defined stem carrying a more-or-less-defined crown and being at least 3 m tall. Plants essentially herbaceous but with a woody appearance (e.g. bamboos and ferns) are also classified as trees if the height is more than 5 m and as shrubs, if the height is less than 5 m. This category includes all the forest areas where the canopy cover/density ranges from 10 to 40 percent. This class is found in an area of 170.93 sq. km.

Wastelands

Wasteland is described as degraded land which can be brought under vegetative cover with reasonable effort and which is currently underutilized and land which is deteriorating for lack of appropriate water and soil management or on account of natural causes. Wastelands can result from inherent/imposed disabilities such as by location, environment, chemical and physical properties of the soil or financial or management constraints. The area under this category is 428.47 sq.kms (6.55%).

Dense scrub

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The scrub is usually confined to topographically elevated areas, on the hill slopes generally surrounded by agricultural lands. These areas possess shallow and skeletal soils, at times chemically degraded, extremes of slopes, severely eroded and lands subjected to excessive aridity with scrubs dominating the landscape. It is found with varying sizes of small to large areas having a contiguous or dispersed pattern. The dense scrub is mostly identified on the hills and occupied an area of 287.77 sq.kms.

Open scrub This category has a similar description as mentioned in the dense scrub excepting that they possess sparse vegetation or devoid of scrub, and have a thin soil cover. The open scrub is found at the foothills surrounded by agricultural lands with an area of 90.06 sq.kms.

Coastal Sand

Coastal sands are the sands that are accumulated as a strip along the sea-coast. Very high reflectance exhibited by this category especially in the NIR region of the spectrum enable their separation with the salt-affected land. It is found along the coast and occupied an area of 1.78 sq.kms.

Barren Rocky/Stony waste

The barren rock exposures are especially confined to hilly terrain with down slope with rock outcrops, stony waste and fragments. The area under this category is 15..84 sq.kms.

Wetlands

All submerged or water-saturated lands, natural or man-made, inland or coastal, permanent or temporary, static or dynamic which necessarily have a land-water interface, are defined as wetlands. The wetland category is found in 1.84 sq.kms area with four sub categories.

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Wetland - Inland - Natural

These are the areas that include ox-bow lakes, cut-off meanders, waterlogged, swamp, marsh, peat bogs, etc (with vegetation). This category is found in 0.85 sq.kms.

Coastal - Saltpans

Saltpans are flat expanses of areas covered with salt usually white under the Sum. Saltpans are manmade saline ecosystem from which crude salt is extracted during summer. These are un-drained, usually small and shallow, natural depression or hollow in which brackish water accumulates and evaporates leaving behind salt deposits. This category is found in 0.99 sq.kms along the sea coast.

Water Bodies

This category comprises areas with surface water, either impounded in the form of ponds, lakes and reservoirs or flowing as streams, rivers, canals etc. These are seen clearly on the satellite image in blue to dark blue or cyan color depending on the depth of water. Waterbody category occupies an area about 309.55 sq.kms with 4.73 % of the district.

River/Stream-Perennial

Rivers/streams are the natural course of water flowing on the land surface along a definite channel/slope regularly or intermittently towards a sea in most cases or a lake or an inland basin in desert areas or a marsh or another river. The rivers/streams that flow continuously throughout the year are considered perennial. It contributes an area of 7.44 sq. km.

River/Stream-Non Perennial

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Non-perennial rivers are those that does not contain flowing water throughout the year but have seasonal flow of water generally for less than 9 months. This also includes the dry part of river generally characterized by the presence of sand or exposed rocks. It is found that most of the streams are under non-perennial category constituting an area of 61.35 sq.kms.

Canal/Drain

Canals and drains are artificial watercourses constructed for irrigation, navigation or to drain out excess water from agricultural lands. It is found mostly in coastal plains in an area of 14.78 sq. km.

Lakes/Ponds-Permanent

Perennial lakes/ponds are those that retain water in them either for more than one season (usually more than three months of a year, FAO, 2005) or throughout the year and usually not subjected to extreme fluctuation in water level. Ponds are body of water limited in size, either natural or artificial, regular in shape, smaller in size than a lake, generally located near settlement. This category occupies an area of 0.02 sq.kms.

Lakes/Ponds-Seasonal

These are accumulation of water in a depression of various sizes either natural or saline. Areas of tailings, abandoned pits and quarries which remain recognizable for a long time due to presence of water are classified under this category. This category includes the above areas except that they remain dry either partially or totally throughout the year. This category occupies an area of 0.13 sq.kms.

Reservoir/Tanks-Permanent

The reservoir is an artificial lake created by the construction of a dam across the river specifically for hydel-power generation, irrigation, and water supply for domestic/ industrial needs, flood control, either singly or in combination. Tanks are

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small lakes of impounded waterways constructed on land surface for irrigation. They are associated with croplands, low lands and reservoirs surrounded by hills without vegetation. This includes all reservoirs/tanks with water spread seen at least during one season in a year is considered under the permanent category. This category occupies an area of 22.18 sq.kms.

Reservoir/Tanks-Seasonal

Dry reservoirs/tanks are those, which do not have water spread throughout the year are considered seasonal. It is found that many of the tanks are under seasonal category with an area of 203.66 sq. km.

2.2 Slope Map of the District

The concept of measuring slope from a topographic map is a familiar one for most professionals in the natural resources and landscape planning / management and surveying professions. Slope is a measurement of how steep the ground surface is. Steeper the ground surface, greater is the slope. Slope is measured by calculating the tangent of the surface. The tangent is calculated by dividing the vertical change in elevation by the horizontal distance. Slope is normally expressed in planning as a percent slope which is the tangent (slope) multiplied by 100. Percent Slope = Height / Base * 100 Reliable estimation of the stability of slopes and foundations is very demanding because it is important for terrain analysis to understand the natural process in the disciplines of topography, geology, soils, hydro-geology, infrastructure planning, hazard management both at surface and subsurface. In view of this, slope plays an important role while carrying out decentralized planning at grass root level. Traditionally contour information from 1:50,000 or 1:25,000 topographic maps are used for preparation of slope by manual procedures based on contour value difference for unit horizontal distance. The emergence of remote sensing & GIS systems and the availability of topographic data in DEM or TIN formats, slope maps can be generated using image processing and GIS methods. Representation of

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slope in percentage is understandable rationale for the resource mapping and planning. As one of the GIS layers, Slope information plays an important role in natural resources and district planning process. It is proposed to generate the necessary slope layer from the available digital topographic data such as Carto- DEM and open source Digital Elevation Model data (NRSC, 2009).

Fig. 13 General Slope of Vizianagaram District

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Slope data generated from DEM using GIS techniques produces triangular nature slope polygon. To generate meaningful slope layer, it is suggested to aggregate slope polygons by using manual procedures. However, the slope generated from GIS analysis can be used directly for any decision making/ planning purpose. The accuracy of the slope is dependent on accuracy of the DEM used for slope generation. The DEM should bare earth and should not have spikes or dips which are common in automatic DEM generation. Therefore, to use Carto-DEM, conversion to bare earth DEM has to be carried out before slope layer generation.

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Fig. 14 Digital Elevation Model of Vizianagaram District

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2.3 Forest Cover Distribution

The forest cover in the district based on the interpretation of IRS R2 LISS III data (2015-16) is 1097.81 sq. km which is 16.79 % of the total geographical area (TGA) of the district. As per the land use manual (NRSC, 2016), the forests of the district can be classified in to 8 forest classes and class-wise areas are presented in Table-5. The spatial distribution of forest cover in the district is shown in Figure-15

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Fig.15 Forest cover map of Vizianagaram District during 2015-16

Table-5 Forest Cover Distribution of Vizianagaram District

S. No Forest Category Area in sq. km. % TGA 1 Deciduous (Dry/Moist/Thorn)-Dense 86.50 1.32 2 Deciduous (Dry/Moist/Thorn)-Open 517.59 7.91 3 Forest Plantation 16.01 0.24 4 Scrub Forest 266.67 4.08 5 Tree Clad Area-Dense 40.12 0.61 6 Tree Clad Area-Open 170.93 2.61 Total Forest 1097.81 16.79

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3. Agriculture and Horticulture Resources in the District

Agriculture is the backbone of the economy of the district. More than half of its rural population are engaged in agriculture in order to earn their livelihood. Since the district has no big irrigation project, the farmers of the district are solely dependent on rain water. The chief agricultural products in the district are paddy, groundnut, cotton, sugarcane, pulses, etc. Every year a huge chunk of revenue comes from the agricultural products in the district and helps its economy to a great extent.

According to agricultural census 2015-16, the total cropped area of the district was 3.82 Lakh Hects of which net area sown was 2.74 Lakh hectares, gross irrigated area was 1.88 lakh Hects and net area irrigated was 1.58 lakh Hects (DES, 2015-16). Mainly three types of soils are seen in the district viz., Red soils, Sandy-loams and Sandy-clay. These three types of soils contribute to 96% of area, while small sandy soils constitute 0.7% along the fringes of the sea coast.

Remote sensing technology has been successfully used by APSAC during the last two decades in the areas of agriculture both in spatial and temporal domain under various projects. APSAC carried out in-season forecasting of acreage for major crops i.e. Kharif rice, Rabi rice, cotton, groundnut etc, at state/ district level for the last two decades in Andhra Pradesh to enable the administrators and planners to take strategic decisions on import-export policy matters and trade negotiations. Rice and Cotton are the dominant crops in Andhra Pradesh in both Kharif and Rabi seasons. In this connection, Department of Agriculture and Directorate of Economics & Statistics are generating data on conventional methods for estimation of crop area and production. In this regard, satellite remote sensing plays a pivotal role with limited field visits for timely estimation and monitoring of the crops.

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3.1 Kharif Rice Estimation using SAR data

Andhra Pradesh Space Applications Centre (APSAC) has carried out Kharif rice crop acreage estimation over Vizianagaram district using Microwave Remote Sensing (Sentinel-1A) data under FASAL project. Sentinel-1A Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) VV polarization data (Spatial Resolution 20m) is used for the analysis. The rice acreage using sentinel-1 microwave remote sensing data for Vizianagaram district is estimated as 93,080 ha.

Fig.16 (a) Ground truth data overlaid on multi-temporal RGB image, (b) Rice cropped area and (c) Transplantation date-wise rice cropped area over Vizianagaram District. 3.2 Crop Acreage Estimation

The major crops cultivated in the Vizianagaram district are Paddy, Maize, Ragi, Jowar, Bajra, Chillies, Condiments, and Sugarcane. Other crops such as banana, turmeric and mango are also cultivated in some of the mandals.

3.3 Soil Resources of the District

The district is characterised by 5 types of soils. They are 1) Red loamy soil seen around Salur and west of Vizianagaram, 2) Red sandy soil occupies the major part

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of the district. 3) Lateritic soil covers a small area around Chipurupalle, 4) Deltaic alluvial soil is seen near Parvathipuram in the north-eastern extremity and east of Chipurupalle and 5) Coastal sandy soil occurs as a narrow strip along the coast near Konada.

Fig.17 Soil Resource Map of Vizianagaram District

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Table-6 Soil Resource Distribution of Vizianagaram District

SOIL RESOURCES IN VIZIANAGARAM DISTRICT Area %TGA Types of Soils present in the District Ha. Clayey to gravelly clayey moderately deep Dark brown soils 144525.6 23.59361 Fine loamy gravelly clayey shallow Reddish brown soils 41505.99 6.775798 Gravelly clayey moderately deep grass land soils 63807.6 10.41651 Gravelly loamy moderately deep grass land soils 42134.96 6.878476 Light gray deep sandy soils 905.0675 0.147751 Loamy to clayey skeletal deep Reddish brown soils 143485.6 23.42384 Loamy to gravelly clay deep Dark reddish brown soils 117679 19.21094 Moderately deep calcareous black soils 53070.6 8.663705 Very dark brown moderately deep wet silt soils 1844.861 0.301171 Water Bodies 3603.065 0.588196

Note: TGA means Total Geographical Area 3.4 Horticulture Horticulture crops play significant role in the food and nutritional security of the country. Horticultural crops play a unique role in the economy by improving the income of rural people. Horticultural crops cover a large number of fruits, vegetables, flowers which are highly perishable in nature. India has emerged as the second largest producer of fruits and vegetables in the world and occupies first position in the production of Mango, Banana, Papaya, Sapota, Pomegranate, Acid lime and vegetables like Peas and Okra.

As compared to 257.1 Million Tonnes of food grain production during 2012-13, the total horticulture production was 268.9 Million Tonnes. The annual growth rates for area and production of horticulture crops during 2012-13 over 2011-12 were 1.9%

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and 4.5%, respectively. Percentage share of vegetable production in the total horticulture production was the highest (60.3 % during 2012-13) as compared to other horticulture crops. As per 2013-14 provisional figures, the total production is 280.79 Million Tonnes, which is more than the food grain production (264 MT, 2013- 14) of the country. The state of Andhra Pradesh is a major contributor to Horticultural. The Plantation crops like Mango, Coconut, Cocoa, Cashew, Citrus, Oil palm, Banana and also Chillies and Turmeric are extensively grown in many parts of Andhra Pradesh, and these are potential, profitable and commercial crops. The total horticulture production was the highest in case of West Bengal (292 lakh MT) followed by Andhra Pradesh (289.13 lakh MT).During 2012-13, the highest production of fruits of 139.39 lakh MT was recorded in Andhra Pradesh (17.1% share). Andhra Pradesh ranks first in Mango production with 4.3 Million tonnes followed by Uttar Pradesh with 3.9 Million tonnes. Andhra Pradesh ranks first in the area, production and productivity of Chilli and Turmeric. The traditional flowers grown in the state are Rose, Jasmine, Crossandra, Chrysanthemum, Marigold, Tuberose, etc.

Cashew crop is predominantly grown in the districts of Vizianagaram, Srikakulam, Visakhapatnam, East Godavari, West Godavari and Prakasam with the total area of Cashew being 1,13,279 ha. The mango plantation is extensively observed in the districts of Vizianagaram, Visakhapatnam, Krishna, Chittoor, Kadapa and Anantapuramu, and the area under Mango plantation is 3,37,579 ha. The Oilpalm plantations are extensively observed in Vizianagaram and Krishna districts, and the area under oil palm plantation is 1,61,485 ha.

Apart from Agriculture, Land utility in Vizianagaram district is occupied by Horticulture. A Total of 91,606 Ha. is cultivated under horticulture species. The said area comprises the following :

Fresh Fruits ...... 51339.96 Ha

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Vegetables ...... 7964 Ha Plantation ..... 31782 Ha Spices ...... 403 Ha Floriculture .....118 Ha The details of each crop variety are given in acreage and annual production in Metric Tons (MT) as given below in Tables 7 to 11. Table: 7 Aerial Extent (Ha) of Fresh Fruits with Production (MT) in Vizianagaram District (2017-18) S.No Name of the Fresh Fruit Statistics 1 Amla Area 0 Production 0 2 Banana Area 11084 Production 609620 3 Ber Area 0 Production 0

3 Lemon (Lime & Other Citrus Fruits) Area 14 Production 224 4 Orange & Batavia Area 0 Production 0 5 Custered Apple Area 3 Production 24 6 Grapes Area 0 Production 0 7 Guava Area 287 Production 10906 8 Jack Fruit Area 0 Production 0 9 Mango Area 39229 Production 549206 10 Papaya Area 538 Production 52993 11 Pineapple Area 0

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Production 0 12 Pomegranate Area 4 Production 64 13 Sapota Area 180 Production 2450 14 Muskmelon Area 0 Production 0 15 Watermelon Area 0 Production 0 16 Other Fruits Area 1 Production 26 Total Fresh Fruits Area 51339.9675 Production 1225512.345

Table:8 Aerial Extent (Ha) of Vegetables with Production (MT) in Vizianagaram District (2017-18) Sl.No Name of the Vegetables Statistics 1 Beans Area 477 Production 7488.9 2 Bitter Guard Area 404 Production 7272 3 Bottle Gourd Area 539 Production 11319 4 Brinjal Area 790 Production 23463 5 Cabbage & Knol-Khol Area 143 Production 2717 6 Capsicum Area 5 Production 165 7 Carrot Area 88 Production 1760 8 Cauliflower Area 64

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Production 960 9 Cucumber Area 4 Production 100 10 Chillies Green Area 36 Production 1008 11 Garlic Area 0 Production 0 12 Elephant Foot Yam Area 0 Production 0 13 Bhendi Area 392 Production 6664 14 Onion Area 72 Production 1800 15 Parwal / Ponted Gourd Area 1148 Production 44772 16 Peas Area 0 Production 0 17 Potato Area 0 Production 0 18 Radish Area 0 Production 0 19 Pumpkin Area 0 Production 0 20 Sweet Potato Area 0 Production 0 21 Tapioca Area 0 Production 0 22 Tomato Area 0 Production 0 23 Other Vegetables Area 3802 Production 91248 Total Vegetables Area 7964 Production 200736.9

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Table:9 Aerial Extent (Ha) of Plantation with Production (MT) in Vizianagaram District (2017-18) Sl.No Name of the Plantation Statistics 1 Arecanut Area 0 Production 0 2 Cashew Area 15939 Production 17374 3 Cocoa Area 34 Production 29 4 Coconut Area 2870 Production 491 5 Oilpalm Area 12939 Production 245841 6 Coffee Area 0 Production 0 Total Plantations Area 31782 Production 263243.2196 Table:10 Aerial Extent (Ha) of Spices with Production (MT) in Vizianagaram District (2017-18) Sl.No Name of the Spices Statistics 1 Ajwan Area 0 Production 0 2 Betelvine Area 27 Production 460404 3 Pepper Area 0 Production 0 4 Chillies (Dried) Area 376 Production 2257.2 5 Coriander Area 0 Production 0 6 Ginger Area 0

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Production 0 7 Tamarind Area 0 Production 0 8 Turmeric Area 0 Production 0 9 Others Spices Area 0 Production 0 Total (Spices) Area 403 Production 2257.2

Table:11 Aerial Extent (Ha) of Flowerswith Production (MT) in Vizianagaram District (2017-18) Sl.No Name of The Flowers Statistics 1 Chrysanthemum Area 15 Production 300 2 Jasmine Area 9 Production 57 3 Marigold Area 37 Production 407 4 Rose (Lakhs. Of Flowers) Area 8 Production 48 5 Tuberose Area 0 Production 0 6 Crossandra Area 14 Production 46 7 Other Flowers Area 35 Production 315 8 Total Flowers Area 118 Production 1124.9

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4. Coastal Resources and Aquaculture of Vizianagaram District

4.1 Status of Shoreline Change in Vizianagaram District

Vizianagaram District was formed in the State on 1st June, 1979 with Headquarters at Vizianagaram. The district is a part of the Northern Coastal plains of Andhra Pradesh and lies between 17° 15’ and 19° 15’ of the Northern Latitude and 83° 0’ to 83° 45’ of the Eastern Longitude. It is bounded on the East by Srikakulam district, on the West and South by Visakhapatnam district, on the South-East by Bay of Bengal and North-West by Odisha State. The district was formed with 12 taluks. The district is drained by the rivers of Nagavali, Gosthani, Suvarnamukhi, Champavathi, Vegavathi and Gomukhi which pass through plain and hilly regions. The district mostly gets rainfall during both the monsoon seasons of Southwest and North East. The normal rainfall during South-west monsoon months, June to September amounts to 71% of the annual rainfall and that during North East monsoon months of October to December constitutes 11 % of the annual rainfall.

The shoreline change estimation was carried out for entire Vizianagaram coast which is about 21.44 km in length. In this study, shorelines were extracted visual interpretation from satellite images of 1989, 1999, 2005, 2010 and 2012.

As a result of the analyses, the most significant changes were observed at Vizianagaram Coast. Summary of statistics for the coastal changes is given in Table-12. The analysis discovered that about 34.47% of the coastlines were under accretion, whereas remaining 14.79% region was experiencing varying erosion and 50.73% of the coast has stable form. While near north side of Barripetta, Chinapathivada area and Veluduru beach is noticed with high accretion and Kummaripalem and Puligeddapalem has the most eroded area.

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Fig.18. Shore line changes map of Vizianagaram district Table 12: Shoreline Characteristics and status of Vizianagaram Coast

Cumulative Classification of Coast Extent (km) Percentage of Coast (%) (%) High Erosion 0.00 0.00 Medium Erosion 0.51 2.38 14.79 Low Erosion 2.66 12.42 High Accretion 0.00 0.00 Medium Accretion 0.81 3.79 34.47 Low Accretion 6.58 30.68 Stable Coast 10.88 50.73 50.73 Length of coastline 21.44

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4.2 Aquaculture in Vizianagaram District

Vizianagaram is the district in Andhra Pradesh with least Aquaculture area distributed along Vamshadara, Nagavali River, and other rivers, streams and drains. It is found that 31 Ha Aquaculture, 103.77 Ha Abandoned/dry/Potential totalling to 135.72 Ha. In Vizianagaram district, the highest aquaculture area is distributed in Pusapatirega Mandal i.e. 20.50 Ha aquaculture, 94.48 Ha abandoned/dry/potential, and distributed in total 115.93 Ha area. And the least is in Bhogapuram mandal i.e. 10.5 Ha dry/abandoned/potential area is aquaculture, 9.29 ha dry/ abandoned/ potential area is distributed.

Cluster (group of villages) - wise Aquaculture

Total 3 Clusters (Group of Villages) are covered in Vizianagaram district as shown in Table.13, and Maps for the same are prepared. These maps contain aquaculture areas with Cadastral maps as per availability, covering villages and source of water for the aquaculture.

Table .13 Cluster wise Aquaculture distribution in Vizianagaram district Cluster - wise Aquaculture distribution in Vizianagaram (Area in ha) Aqua Abandoned/ Dry/ S.No Cluster Name Water Source culture Potential 1 Bhogapuram-1 10.5 9.29 Champavati River Creek near 2 Pusapatirega-1 12.6 44.40 Chintapalli Creek near Boddu 3 Pusapatirega-1 7.9 50.08 gurayyapeta

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Fig.19 Aquaculture Distribution in Vizianagaram District

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Table.14 Mandal wise Aquaculture distribution in Vizianagaram district Mandal- wise Aquaculture distribution in Vizianagaram district

Mandal Aquaculture Dry/Abandoned/Potential Total Name

Bhogapuram 10.5 9.29 19.79

Pusapatirega 20.50 94.48 115.93

Total 31.00 103.77 135.72

Creek - wise Aquaculture areas are identified based on the water sources of River, Creek or Drain and in Vizianagaram district, 3 creek maps are prepared and supplied to Fisheries department. These maps show aquaculture areas with cadastral layer also overlaid. In Vizianagaram district, these creek maps are prepared based on the water source of Champavathi River. Other Creeks are near Gollapalli and other small rivers, drains and creeks. A part of Champavathi river and creek is shown in Fig.21.

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Fig.20 Pusapatirega Cluster map of Vizianagaram district

Fig.21 Champavathi River (part) and Creek map of Vizianagaram district

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5. Water and Irrigation Resources of Vizianagaram District

5.1 Surface Water Resources of Vizianagaram District

All the minor rivers in Vizianagaram district are directly joining Bay of Bengal. The Vamsadhara, Nagavali, Peddagedda, Kandivalasagedda, Champavathi, and minor drainages between Gosthani, Champavathi, Madhuravada, Naravagedda and Sharada constitute the minor basins in the district. These 10 minor basins are further divided into 96 sub-basins subsequently divided into 522 cascades. The catchment area of each basin is delineated using the boundaries from master plan records and updated by super imposing on Survey of India toposheet (1:50K). The sub-basins are suitably divided into cascades based on local drainage conditions.

Table 15 Hydrological units of Vizianagaram district

Hydrological unit, Nos. Sr. Major Minor basin Area, km2 Sub No. basin Cascades Tanks basins 1 Vamsadhara 226.25 2 16 115 2 Nagavali 3,232.96 32 209 5,090 3 Peddagedda 72.99 4 10 185 4 Kandivalasagedda 239.93 17 38 556 5 Champavathi 1,436.45 20 124 3,673 Direct to Minor drainages 6 Bay of between Gosthani & 21.33 1 4 19 Bengal Champavathi 7 Gosthani 936.45 9 91 2573 Madhuravada minor 8 11.26 1 2 14 drainages 9 Naravagedda 92.60 7 20 219 10 Saradha 30.74 3 8 51 Total 6,300.96 96 522 12,495

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The number of sub-basins, cascades and tanks within the minor basin is given in the table 15 and depicted in Fig. 22

Table:16 Drainage System with Description of main rivers S.No Name of the River Area Drained % of Area Drained (Sq.KM) in the District 1 Vamsadhara 219.95 3.5 2 Peddagadda 70.95 1.15 3 Narvegadda 100.97 1.64 4 Nagavali 3145.48 51.34 5 Kandivalasagedda 233.33 3.80 6 Gostani 940.28 15.34 7 Champavathi 1414.64 23.09

Table:17 Salient Features of Important Rivers and Streams

Total Length Name of the River or in the Altitude at S.No Place of Origin Stream District (in Origin Kms) 1 Vamsadhara 26.7 Kalyansinghpur,Rayagada 1300 m District, Orissa State 2 Peddagadda 7.3 Bondapalle,Andhra 120 m Pradesh 3 Narvegadda 14.98 Appannadorapalem, 200 m Andhra Pradesh 4 Nagavali 36.09 Lakhbhahal in Kalahandri 1300m District, Orissa State 5 Kandivalasagedda 36.83 Mandiravalasa, Andhra 120 m Pradesh 6 Gostani 35.68 Makiri RF, Andhra 620 m Pradesh 7 Champavathi 78.22 Gummakota, 800 m Visakhapatnam

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5.1.1 Major and Medium Irrigation Projects

Irrigation has assumed an increasing significance in agriculture in the context of new technology, where high yielding varieties and multiple cropping is being practiced. The main reasons for low yields are inadequate rainfall, uneven and uncertain rains during the period of crop growth. It is generally found that the introduction of irrigation is associated with changes in the cropping pattern. The shift from traditional cropping pattern to the most advantageous cropping pattern is possible only in the presence of irrigation facilities. The new agricultural technology is highly based on sufficient moisture conditions. Thus, the development of irrigation is crucial for increasing agricultural production. The irrigation projects are classified as major, medium and minor irrigation projects

5.1.2 Major Irrigation Project: The ongoing major irrigation work in Vizianagaram district is Thotapalli Barrage which covered an ayacut of 70,770 acres falling in four assembly constituencies namely Bobbili, Cheepurupalle, Nellimarla and Parvathipuram. They are depicted in Fig. 2.

5.1.3 Medium Irrigation Project: The completed medium irrigation projects are 1)Thotapalli Regulator 6,938 acres, 2)Vengala Raya Sagaram Project 24,700 acres, 3)Vottigedda Reservoir 16,670 acres, 4)Seethanagaram Anicut 4,118 acres, 5)Peddankalam Anicut 8,160 acres 6)Vegavathi Anicut 4,142 acres, 7)Tatipudi Reservoir 15,366 acres, 8) Andhra Reservoir Project 9,426 acres, 9) Denkada Anicut 5,203 acres, and 10) Peddagedda Project 12,000 acres. They are depicted in Fig. 14.

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Fig. 22 Major and Medium Irrigation Projects of Vizianagaram District

5.1.4 Minor Irrigation Tanks

In Vizianagaram district, according to the Master Plan records (1965-1981) of I & CAD department, there are 8,686 tanks including 24 canals. NIRD study report (< 40 ha) on irrigation tanks in Andhra Pradesh (2007) lists 8,742 tanks, while the Survey of India toposheets (1988-89) show 9,291 tanks.

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Fig.23. Drainage, surface water bodies, basin and sub basin boundaries

The tanks were updated with high resolution satellite data of 2009-10 which shows that there are 12,495 tanks including 165 check dams and 13 medium irrigation projects. Andhra Pradesh Space Application centre has developed Web Portal GIS for Tank Information System (TIS) in Andhra Pradesh. In web portal minor irrigation tanks are classified and information pertaining to nearly 15,000 tanks in Andhra Pradesh has been published in APSAC website, of which only 2807 tanks data pertains Vizianagaram district. And so far data regarding 718 tanks of >40ha and data of 2089 tanks has been received pertaining to category 10 to 40 ha.

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5.1.5 Tank Information System Andhra Pradesh Space Applications Centre has developed a Web GIS Portal for Tank Information System (TIS) pertaining to Andhra Pradesh state. The portal shows minor irrigation tanks classified in to 'more than 40 ha', '10 to 40 ha' and 'less than 10 ha' commands. Information on nearly 15,000 tanks has been published in APSAC website. The tank-wise information comprises location details, hydrological details and other standard information related to the tank

5.2 Ground Water Prospects of Vizianagaram District

5.2.1 Geology of Vizianagaram District

Geologically, the district constitutes a part of Eastern Ghats Mobile Belt of Archaean age. It includes rocks of Khondalite Group, Charnockite Group and Migmatite complex. Sediments of Upper Gondwana, Cainozoic laterite and Quaternary deposits overlie the Archaeans. The lithological units of Khondalite Group include quartzite, talc- granulite and talc-silicate rock with bands and pockets of crystalline limestone +- scapolite +- wollastonite and garnetiferous quartzofeldspathic gneiss with Sillimanite +- graphite. Khondalite is at places sheared and silicified with thin bands of chert. The various units of Charnockite Group include pyroxene granulite (basic Charnockite) and charnockite (acid/intermediate). The Migmatite complex includes porphyroblastic hypersthene-biotite gneiss, hypersthene-quartz-feldspar augen gneiss, cordierite-hypersthene gneiss +- biotite, and at places, granitoid gneiss. Gneissosity in the granite gneiss is more pronounced in the vicinity of Khondalite. Thick veins of pegmatite traverse these rocks in the north-western part of the area. Upper Gondwana sandstone (containing plant fossils viz Hausmania sp. And Cladophlebis sp. and indeterminate bark impressions occur close to the coast, in the southeast. Extensive capping of aluminous laterite is seen over Khondalite

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Group. Quarternary formations, including brown, residual soil, and fluvial and marine sediments, occur along the river courses and coast, respectively.

Thick mantle of flood plain deposits comprising clay and silt are restricted to the Gostani, Champavati, Kandivalasa, Vegavati, Suvarnamukhi, and Nagavali river valleys. Coastal deposits comprising beach sand and dune sand occur as a narrow belt of 500-m to 2 km wide, along the coast between Konada and Duvapeta. Khondalite shows two distinct trends of foliation. In the west, it shows NE-SW to ENE-WSW trend with dips ranging from 50' to 809 towards SE. In the east, the general trend of foliation is N 30` W - S 30' E which swerves, at places to WNW-ESE. The dip varies from 40' to 70° easterly or southerly. However, reversal of dips is also noted. The area has undergone poly phase deformation. Nagavali River is marked by a major NNW-SSE trending lineament and the area to the east of the river represents a faulted block.

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Fig.24 Geology and Mineral Map of Vizianagaram District, Andhra Pradesh (Source: GSI,2000)

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Fig.25 Detailed Legend with Stratigraphic Sequence of Vizianagaram District

5.2 .2 Mineral Resources of Vizianagaram District

The district is endowed with mineral deposits of Manganese, Graphite, Mica, Clay, Quartzite, Molybdenite, Sillimanite, Iron ore and Kankar (Fig.27 & 28). The location of occurrence for major minerals is indicated in the map. Their description is given below. Manganese: The manganese belt is over 60 km long and 20 km wide. The ore is associated with talc-granulite and quartzite and is characterised by high iron and

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phosphorus. The deposits around Garbham, Garividi, Perumali, Chipurupalle and Salur have sizeable reserves. These are used for Steel Industry, used as a Catalyst, as rubber additive and to decolourise glass.

Graphite: Rich disseminations of graphite are seen in Khondalite in the northwest and south. It generally occurs as disseminated flakes in gneiss. Rich pockets are noticed near Paluru and southeast of Lakshmipur. The graphite is generally of low to medium grade with 10-30% carbon. It also occurs as pockets and stringers within Khondalite near Sivalingapuram, Tumaravalli, Marupalli, west of Budarayavalasa, Kondamosuru and Dolemba. Small quantities of graphite are exploited from the deposits near Sivalingapuram. It is used for pencil Industry, refractories, chemical industries and Ayurvedic medicine.

Mica: Pegmatite veins carrying muscovite are reported from the hill about 800m SW of Dolemba and near Kurupam. Pockets of pholgopite occur at places where honey-coloured carbonate veins transect pyroxenite, near Kosiguda and are used as thermal electronic equipment as electrical insulators, in paints as a pigment extender. It helps brighten the tone of coloured pigments

Clay: Moderately plastic, silty clay occurring in tank beds is used for manufacturing tiles and drainage pipes. A tile factory using tank mud is located near Jamunarayanapuram, along Vizianagaram - Denkad road. The clay is used for Ceramic and Refractories.

Quartzite: At some places, quartzite occurring as bands within Khondalite is free from impurities and is used in the manufacture of ferro-silicon and also in Software, Electrical and Glass Industry.

Molybdenite: Thin stringers and streaks of Molybdenite are reported from Kotagandredu area in quartzo-feldspathic veins traversing pyroxene granulite.

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Sillimanite: Sillimanite occurs as shreds and bundles in Khondalite rocks southwest of Vizianagaram and near Peddarayam (6 km south of Garbham). It is used for Metal, Glass Ceramic and Cement Industry.

Iron Ore: Most important iron ore Deposits are found in Sedimentary rock. They are formed from chemical reactions that combine iron and oxygen in marine and fresh water. The two most important minerals in these deposits are iron oxides hematite (Fe2O3) and Magnatite (Fe3O4).

The major minerals are Manganese and Quartzite, and the others are Moulding Sand, Lime Kankar, Feldspar, Mica, Graphite, and Semi Precious stones. Minor Minerals occurring in this district are Road Metal, Building Stone, Gravel and Colour Granite. Use of Iron ore is the basic raw material mainly used in the making of pig iron, sponge iron, steel and alloy steel. Iron & steel industry is the major consumer of iron ore in the country. This industry uses iron ore in lumps as well as fines after pelletization, sintering or briquetting. Sponge iron is another major consumer of iron ore. Sponge iron is used as a substitute in place of scrap in electric arc furnaces and in mini-steel plants.

5.2.3 Geomorphology of Vizianagaram District

Using IRS satellite data and GIS, detailed map of geology, geomorphology and structure of Vizianagaram District was generated on 1:50000 scale as per Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission (RGNDWM) guidelines. The objective is to integrate them to locate potential ground water zones and to recommend suitable structures for ground water recharge. Various hydrogeomorphic units are delineated and suitable recharge structures are proposed for the drinking water affected villages. The geomorphic units of different origins (Fig.14) are mapped and described pertaining to Vizianagaram District.

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5.2.4. Landforms of fluvial origin

The word fluvial is used in Earth science to refer to processes and landforms produced by running water. As with other surficial processes, running water can either erode material from the earth’s landscape, or deposit layers of sediment. The resulting landforms can thus be classified as either erosional landforms or depositional landforms. The incredible power of running water in carving various erosional and depositional landforms is well known. Although the quantity of water in stream is small at one time during the course of the year, very large volumes of water flow through the channel, and they form an important component in the hydrological cycle. The fluvial dissection of the landscape consists of valleys and their included channel ways organized into a system of connection known as a drainage network. Drainage networks display many types of quantitative regularity that are useful in analyzing both the fluvial systems and the terrains that they dissect (NRSA, 2007).

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Fig.26 Geomorphology map of Vizianagaram District

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Channel Bar: Channel bars are formed in the braided river course due to vertical accretion of the sediments. It represents a highly productive shallow aquifer with good recharge from the river flow.

Flood plain: The surface or strip of relatively smooth land adjacent to a river channel constructed (or in the process of being constructed) by the present river in its existing regimen and covered with water when the river overflows its banks at times of high water. It is built of alluvium carried by the river during floods and deposited in the sluggish water beyond the influence of the swiftest current.

5.2.5. Landforms of Coastal origin

Coasts are also the loci of a unique assemblage of erosional and depositional processes. The various landforms of coastal areas are almost exclusively the result of the action of ocean waves. Wave action creates some of the world’s most spectacular erosional landforms. Where wave energy is reduced, depositional landforms like beaches are created. The source of energy for coastal erosion and sediment transport is wave action. A wave possesses potential energy as a result of its position above the wave trough, and kinetic energy caused by the motion of the water within the wave. This wave energy is generated by the frictional effect of winds moving over the ocean surface. Higher the wind speed and Longer the fetch or distance of open water across which the wind blows and waves travel, larger the waves and the more energy they therefore possess. Long open ocean waves or swells travel faster than short, locally generated sea waves.

Beach Ridges: A low, essentially continuous mound of beach or beach and dune material (sand, gravel, shingle) heaped up by the action of waves and currents on the backshore of a beach beyond the present limit of storm waves or the reach of ordinary tides, and occurring singly or as one of a series of approximately parallel

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deposits. The ridges are roughly parallel to the shoreline and represent successive positions of an advancing shoreline.

5.2.6. Landforms of Structural Origin

Landform of structural origin is related to structural aspect of the area. Most of the landforms under this class has genesis related to underlying structure. Structure plays an important role for reducing the resistance of rock which manifests itself in different geomorphic forms. Some of the variations are minor and some are in mega scale. The mega scale forms have a dramatic effect on the genesis of landforms and hence mapping of such forms indirectly indicates the structural set up of the area. The mega scale structural features like fault and fold depending on its type plays an important role in genesis of structural landform. The influence of geologic structures on the development and appearance of landscapes is prominent. The influence of geologic structures ranges from large features, which exert a dominant influence on the form of an entire landscape, to small features, which affect an individual landform and the geomorphic processes operating on it. The structural control could be active structures whose form is directly impressed on the modern landscape or ancient structural features whose influence on a modern landscape is due primarily to differential erosion (NRSA, 2007).

Structural Hills: Hills and valleys, which are originated due to tectonic process and are highly dissected by the drainage lines. This can be further classified as highly, moderately and low dissection depending on the density of joints and drainage. Mostly this will be interpreted from a planimetric satellite data and the classification is highly subjective.

5.2.7. Landforms of Denudational origin

Landform of denudational origin is formed where the denudation process dominates over the other process. Most of the landform resulting due to this

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process is the combined effect of mechanical and chemical weathering. Denudation is the process of removal of material by erosion and weathering. This has direct influence on the relief of the area especially in the reduction of relief to the base level. The agents are mostly water, ice and wind. The major factors affecting denudation are geology, climate, tectonics and anthropogenic effects. All rocks and minerals at or near surface are attacked by physical and chemical process. The effect of this process is not the same everywhere because of rocks’ varying resistance to change. As a result, weathering and erosion yield a number of landforms, which have typical shape and forms. Weathering is an essential part of the rock cycle. The parent material, or rock weathered material is disaggregated to form smaller fragments and some of the minerals are dissolved and removed by the agent of water. This removal of material is erosion and is accomplished by running water, wind, glacier etc. The weathering provides a raw material for the sedimentary rock and soil (NRSA, 2007).

Pediplain: An extensive, multi-concave, rock cut erosion surface formed by the coalescence of two or more adjacent pediments and occasional desert domes, and representing the end result (the “peneplain”) of the mature stage of the erosion cycle. Based on the thickness of weathering, they are further classified as shallow, moderate and deep pediplains.

Pediment: A broad, flat or gently sloping, rock floored erosion surface or plain of low relief, typically developed by sub aerial agents (including running water) in an arid or semiarid region at the base of an abrupt and receding mountain front or plateau escarpment, and underlain by bedrock (occasionally by older alluvial deposits) that may be bare but more often partly mantled with a discontinuous veneer of alluvium derived from the upland masses and in transit across the surface.

Denudational Hill: It is a highly dissected hill which has obliterated structures.

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5.3 Structural Features of Vizianagaram District

Vizianagaram District has consolidated formations which include crystallines (Khondalites, Charnockites and granitic gneisses) and meta sediments (Dolomites, shales, phyllites and quartzites) of Archaean and Pre-cambrian periods, respectively. The Khondalite Group of rocks are seen as prominent hill ranges (strike ridges). The rocks of Khondalite and Charnockite groups, and the layered complex show foliation trending dominantly N-S with local swerves to NE-SW and NW-SE (GSI, 2000). The semi consolidated formations are represented by Tertiary formations (Rajahmundry & Gollapalli sandstones) and unconsolidated formations comprise deltaic alluvial deposits of Quaternary period (CGWB, 2013).

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Fig.27 Structural Map of Vizianagaram District

5.4. Ground Water Prospects in the District

Ground water occurs in most of the geological formations and its potential depends upon the nature of geological formations, geographical setup, incidence of rainfall, recharge and other hydrogeological characters of the aquifer. In consolidated formations, ground water occurs under unconfined to semi-confined conditions. Ground water is developed in these formations by dug wells, dug cum bore wells and bore wells tapping weathered and fractured zones. The yields are in the range

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of 20 to 70 m3/day. The occurrence of fractures in the crystalline formations is limited down to 30 to 40 m bgl and occasionally extends down to 70 - 100 m bgl. The bore wells constructed in the crystalline formations generally tap the weathered and fractured zones. The yields of the bore wells generally range from 80 to 400 m3/day.

Fig.28 Ground Water prospects in Vizianagaram District

The higher yields are limited to the available thickness of fractured and jointed zones. In the meta sediments, the yields are very limited and are in the range of 10 to 80 m3/day. Higher yields occur in limestone formations. Ground water in semi- consolidated formations occurs under unconfined to confined conditions. Ground water is developed in these formations by dug cum tube wells and tube wells. These formations are potential aquifers. The yields of the dug cum tube wells are in the range of 30 to 45 m3/day. Granularity of the sandstone bed is the deciding factor of the yield potential as the higher yields are recorded in the Rajahmundry

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sandstones tapping coarse sandstone beds. The yields of the tube wells in Gollapalli sandstones and Rajahmundry sandstones are in the range of 60 to 200 m3/day and 600 to 1500 m3/day, respectively.

Fig.29 Distribution of Piezometer Observation wells in Vizianagaram District

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5.5 Ground Water Quality of the District

Ground water samples were collected for the entire District from 2126 habitations out of 3141 habitations representing two seasons i.e., post monsoon and pre monsoon in December 2012 and June 2014. The water samples were collected from Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Department (RWS & S) and analyzed for physico-chemical parameters like TDS, TH, Cl, NO3, pH, F, Fe, TA and SO4 using standard techniques in the laboratory and compared with the BIS (10500-2015), in terms of desirable, permissible and non potable classes. Blue, yellow and red colours indicate pre monsoon quality and + , - , . symbols indicate post monsoon quality for desirable, permissible and non-potable classes, respectively.

From the analysis, it has been observed that the ground water is polluted in pre monsoon and post monsoon in about 25% of the area is under non potable category due to high concentration of Nitrate and Total Hardness. About 45% of the area is in potable category and 30% of the area is covered by hills and water bodies of entire District. The occurrence and movement of ground water in an area is governed by several factors such as topography, lithology, geological structure, depth of weathering, extent of fractures, drainage pattern, climate conditions and their inter-relationship between these factors.

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Fig. 30 Ground Water Quality Map of Vizianagaram District

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6. Details of Major and Minor Minerals Their Production and Revenue in the District

6.1 Administrative Set-Up of DMG in Vizianagaram District: The Mines and Geology Department, Govt. of Andhra Pradesh is entrusted with both promotional and regulatory functions for overall development of Mineral Sector by establishment of Asst.Director's office in Vizianagaram District. The following information is obtained from the District Survey Report (DMG).

The office of the Asst. Director of Mines and Geology, Vizianagaram was originally established at Srikakulam as per G.O.Ms.No.850 Industries and Commerce (M–I) Department, dated.20-09-1976 and the same was shifted to Vizianagaram in the Year 1979 with jurisdiction of Srikakulam and Vizianagaram Districts. A separate office was established in March 1992 in respect of Srikakulam District.

The main functions of the office are to regulate Mining and Quarrying activities in this District under the provisions of Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act 1957; Mineral Concession Rules 1960 and Mineral Conservation Development and Rules, 1988; also as per the provisions of A.P.M.M.C. Rules 1966 and Andhra Pradesh Mineral Dealer Rules 2000 and collect the Mineral Revenue from the Mining and Quarry lease holders. Encouraging the Mineral based Industries and provides advice to the entrepreneurs to establish Mineral based Industries is also a part of the functions of this office. This office has no developmental programmes either under Plan or Non-Plan Schemes. The following Minerals are available in Vizianagaram District.

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6.2 Overall view of Mining Activity in the District

The following Minerals are available in Vizianagaram District. :

The main activity in Major Mineral is Manganese and Quartzite mining and the others are Moulding Sand, Lime Kankar, Feldspar, Mica, Graphite, and Semi Precious stones. Minor Minerals occurring in this district are Road Metal, Building Stone, Gravel and Colour Granite. There are “37” Nos. Mining Leases in-force in the District, out of which “22” Nos. are Working and “15” Nos. are Non-Working. Similarly, there are “279” Nos. Quarry Leases in-force in this District, out of which for “230” Nos. are Working, and “49” Nos. are Non-Working. Further, there are 35 No. of Quarry Leases (31 Minerals) in-force. Out of which for 25 are working and 10 are Non-Working. The Mineral Wise Working/Non-Working details are as follows. Sl.No. Name of the Mineral Working Non-Working TOTAL Mining Leases (Major Minerals) 1 Manganese 22 15 37 TOTAL 22 15 37 31 Minerals 1 Quartz/Quartzite 25 05 29 2 Lime Kankar 00 04 04 3 Moulding Sand 01 01 02 Other Minor Minerals 1 Road Metal and Building Stone 212 33 245 2 Building Stone and Gravel 09 01 10 3 Gravel 01 00 01 4 Colour Granite 08 15 23 TOTAL 230 49 270 GRAND TOTAL 277 74 351 In addition to the above, there are “68” no.s Road Metal crushing units, and “71” no.s Mineral Dealer Yards for Major Mineral, and “08” no.s Cutting and Polishing Industries for Colour Granite. The above said mineral based industries are not

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consuming the raw material available in Vizianagaram district except for processing, crushing, Slab and tile making. However, the above mentioned Mineral Based Industries are consuming various minerals.

Bankuravalasa 3P S.K.Sarwagi Manganese Mine

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M/s R.B.S.S.D.& F.N. Das, 24,62, Devada Shreemnagar,P.O,Garividi 41.06 23-01-2005 to 316,dt.2-8- 1 village, Garividi Manganese Working, 2204/M/94 R.S.(E.Co.Rly)Vizianagaram Hect 22-01-2025 94 mandal District -535101

M/s R.B.S.S.D.& F.N. Das, 2/3, 2nd Shreemnagar,P.O,Garividi Sadanandapuram 56.837 15-9-2005 to 131,dt.29-5- 2 Manganese Renewal, 2865/M/86 R.S.(E.Co.Rly)Vizianagaram village, Gurla Hects 14-9-2025 2007 (Working) District -535101 mandal

M/s. S.K.Sarawagi & (P) 3(P),

Ltd & Co, Kaspa Street, Bankuruvalasa 23-01-2001 to 414, 3 15.72 Manganese Working, 2416/M/99 Cheepurupalli-535128, village, Bobbili 22-01-2021 dt.28-7-2000 Hect Vizianagaram District mandal

239/1, 8.09 4 M/s Sai Krupa Minerals Veerabadrapuram, Quarzite Hects Kothavalasa

The office of the Asst. Director of Mines & Geology, Vizianagaram has been allotted an annual target of Rs.3600.00 Lakhs for the Year 2017 – 2018 and achieved the target of Rs.3833.12 Lakhs. Out of which Rs.377.92 Lakhs was collected in respect of Major Minerals and Rs. 3455.20 Lakhs on Minor Minerals; Rs.514.26 Lakhs from Other Department and Rs. 1314.46 Lakhs from Book Adjustments, which were included in the overall achievement i.e. 3833.12 Lakhs.

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Sadanandapuram and devada Manganese Mine RBSSD

Sadanandapuram and devada Manganese Mine RBSSD

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Sy.no.2391 : Sai Krupa Minerals, Veerabhadrapuram, Kothavalasa

6.3 Availability of Sand, Gravel and Aggregate Resources

The Government have introduced free sand policy and issued certain directions, reviewed the status of sand quarrying in the State and defined the role of Mining, Revenue, Police and Panchayath Raj Departments is as follows.

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(i) Mining Department has to identify as many number of reaches as possible, obtain required statutory clearances and handover to the Revenue Department. (ii) Revenue Department has to notify the reaches to the public and to look after the sand quarrying at the reaches. (iii) Panchayath Raj Department has to maintain the ramps in the reaches with the funds of NRGS. (iv) Police Department has to curb the illegal sand transportation both within the state and at interstate borders by strengthening the check posts on national highways and state highways.

The Vizianagaram District has 67 sand reaches in operation. All the sand reaches come under the category of 3rd and/or below 3rd order streams. The sand reaches are under active operation and the sand is utilized for Public and Government Works only. The District Administration is monitoring the Price List and taking effective steps to control the sale price fixed including transportation and loading charges for ordinary sand. The work of Geo tagging of sand excavation, loading, transportation and monitoring every activity in all the sand reaches is being implemented by deploying the Technical Support Persons (TSPs) to integrate with the Real Time Governance (RTG).

The District Level Committee, Vizianagaram, issued the following permissions that are accorded for extraction of sand from the respective patta land so as utilize the same for Government Works only. The details of areas are hereunder. 1. Removal of Sand deposits in Sy.No.32/1 of Denkada Village and Mandal, Vizianagaram District over an extent of 16.98 Acres & 16.93 Acres for a Quantity of 205850 Cum. from the Patta Lands of Smt. L.Padmaja, Sri C.Praveen and Sri K.Ganga Raju, Smt.B.Samrajyam and Sri C.Mangapathi in Sy.No.32/1 of Denkada Village and Mandal, Vizianagaram District 2. Removal of sand deposits in Sy.No.117/3A&B of Kotagandredu Village, Gurla Mandal, Vizianagaram District, over an extent of 4.13 Acs for a Quantity of

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53,425 Cum from the Patta Lands of Sri Boddapati Rajesh and M/s NSPR- SVSMC (Jv) Vizianagaram . 3. Removal of sand deposits in Sy.No.117/3A of Kotagandredu Village, Gurla Mandal, Vizianagaram District, over an extent of 3.67 Acs for a Quantity of 47,528 Cum from the Patta Lands of Smt. Gadde Venkata Narasamma. 4. Removal of sand deposits in Sy.No. 119-16 to 23 & 119-25 to 31of Kotagandredu Village, Gurla Mandal, Vizianagaram District, over an extent of 2.20 Acs for a Quantity of 28,470 Cum from the Patta Lands of Smt Kucharlapati Saraswati and M/s S.V.S.Mookambika Constructions Pvt Limited, Vizianagaram. 5. Removal of sand deposits S.No. Sy.No.10/9 of Kalavacharla Village, Gurla Mandal, Vizianagaram District over an extent of 0.40 Acres for a Quantity of 1618 Cum. from the Patta lands of Sri M.Prasad S/o.Ramulu.

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District Survey Report - 2018

STATEMENT SHOWING THE LIST OF QUARRY LEASES IN FORCE IN VIZIANAGARAM DISTRICT OFFICE OF THE ASSISTANT DIRECTOR OF MINES AND GEOLOGY, VIZIANAGARAM (Table:18) Table:18

Lease Period Production Dispatches Revenue Collections Sl. Lease Holder Name of Survey Lessee ID Extent Village Mandal 2016- No Name Minerals No. From To 2015-16 2017-18 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 17 21105045 1 Smt T. Satyavathi RM&BS 22(8), 0.5 AKULAKATTA BADANGI 8/1/2005 7/31/2015 -- 200 ------3 21107024 M/s Sri Gayatri 2 RM&BS 164, 1 VANTARAM BALAJIPETA 9/26/2007 9/25/2017 366 566 666 50000 50000 50000 0 Stone Crusher Ind. 21108045 BHOGHAPURA 3 Smt G.Aliveni RM&BS 32/6, 2 KAVULAVADA 3/13/2008 3/12/2018 ------9 M 21117047 Smt L.S.T.B.V. KONGAVANIPAL BHOGHAPURA 4 RM&BS 99/10 2 3/23/2017 3/22/2027 -- -- 1330 -- -- 102466 1 Narasamamba EM M 21109025 Sri K.Narasimha KONGAVANIPAL BHOGHAPURA 5 RM&BS 71, 2.37 7/8/2009 7/7/2024 3669 2450 4580 203500 203500 227681 2 Rao EM M M/s Sri 21109014 Venkateswara KONGAVANIPAL BHOGHAPURA 6 RM&BS 100, 0.631 4/7/2009 4/6/2019 550 600 400 47346 47346 31550 3 Construction & EM M Mining Company 21108014 Sri G.K.D.V.Rama KONGAVANIPAL BHOGHAPURA 193023 7 RM&BS 97/14, 5 15/02/2008 8/1/2027 5824 4326 41900 293500 293500 2 Raju EM M 8 21109028 Smt L.Naga KONGAVANIPAL BHOGHAPURA 10/16/201 8 RM&BS 99/10, 2 1/6/2009 924 1500 1333 120000 120000 92011 7 Madhavi EM M 7 21114038 Sri K. Narasimha BHOGHAPURA 9 RM&BS 282/47, 0.3 MUNJERU 7/19/2014 7/18/2024 180 220 12185 15000 15000 609240 8 Rao M 21114038 Sri K. Narasimha BHOGHAPURA 10 RM&BS 282/3, 0.451 MUNJERU 7/19/2014 7/18/2024 224 300 16515 22500 22500 833300 9 Rao M 21106020 BHOGHAPURA 12/11/202 11 Sri K. Pydi Naidu RM&BS 43, 0.5 POLIPALLE 12/12/2016 387 150 350 25000 25000 26216 1 M 6 21109020 Sri K. Appala BHOGHAPURA 12 BS 43, 0.5 POLIPALLE 2/12/2009 2/11/2019 486 990 900 41016 41016 61575 6 Naidu M

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District Survey Report - 2018

21107026 Sri K. Sanjeeva BHOGHAPURA 13 RM&BS 43, 0.5 POLIPALLE 5/18/2017 5/17/2027 318 600 400 25000 25000 33700 6 Rao M 21106025 Sri K. Appala BHOGHAPURA 14 43 0.5 POLIPALLE 237 ------3 Naidu M 21208011 QUART- BHOGHAPURA 15 Smt L.S.Geetha 46,, 20.687 RAJAPULOVA 6/27/2008 6/26/2028 -- 2600 5500 -- -- 409567 6 ZITE M RAMACHANDRA 21114025 Smt PETA H/O BHOGHAPURA 16 RM&BS 97, 1 4/2/2014 4/1/2024 520 810 670 60000 60000 50000 6 L.V.N.Madhavi KONGAVANIPAL M EM 21114037 BHOGHAPURA 17 Sri K.V.S.P. Raju RM&BS 66/2, 1 RAVADA 11/6/2014 9/18/2024 1050 750 900 70406 70406 67500 3 M M/s Sri Kanaka 21114039 Mahalakshmi BHOGHAPURA 18 RM&BS 66/3, 1 RAVADA 8/26/2014 8/25/2029 1050 900 750 59500 59500 56250 3 Stone Crushing M Company 21200001 M/s. S.K.Sarawagi MANGA BANKURUVALA 281085 19 3P,, 15.73 BOBBILI 9/6/2000 1/22/2021 6080 11001 7000 358138 358138 5 & (P) Ltd N ESE SA 5 BUILDIN 21107040 G 20 Sri K. Tirupathi 182, 1 METTAVALASA BOBBILI 7/27/2007 7/26/2017 597 1665 1845 52500 52500 124875 1 STONE- GRAVEL 21106021 Smt M. 21 RM&BS 182, 1.71 METTAVALASA BOBBILI 21.11.2016 20.11.2026 630 300 930 85500 85500 85500 6 Radhamma 21111017 22 Sri P. Ranga Rao RM&BS 178, 1 METTAVALASA BOBBILI 7/19/2011 7/18/2021 900 2850 -- 50000 50000 -- 7 21109016 23 Sri P. Satya Rao RM&BS 182, 0.5 METTAVALASA BOBBILI 1/6/2009 1/5/2019 ------9 21110032 Smt K. 24 178 2.74 METTAVALASA BOBBILI 1365 ------1 Ramanamma 21104001 104650 25 Sri B. Sridhar RM&BS 187/2 1 GARUDABILLI BONDAPALLE 6/22/2004 6/21/2019 15000 16580 1750 1046500 138517 0 0 21104001 26 Sri B. Sridhar RM&BS 187/2 1 GARUDABILLI BONDAPALLE 6/22/2004 6/21/2019 7000 7000 500 474500 474500 72200 2 21112001 M/s Satya Stone 10/17/202 27 RM&BS 187/2 2 GARUDABILLI BONDAPALLE 10/18/2011 11000 7450 1350 720000 720000 107950 4 Crusher 6

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District Survey Report - 2018

21107000 M/s Satya 12/14/201 28 RM&BS 187/2 8 GARUDABILLI BONDAPALLE 12/15/2007 9000 6700 5400 643103 643103 403997 9 Constructions 7 21112011 Sri Ch. Veera 29 RM&BS 187/2 2 GARUDABILLI BONDAPALLE 5/2/2012 5/1/2022 978 900 1200 100000 100000 99400 0 Swamy 21115043 Smt Ch. Surya 30 RM&BS 187/2 0.5 GARUDABILLI BONDAPALLE 8/24/2014 8/23/2024 300 300 -- 36319 36319 25000 2 Kumari 21112011 31 Sri G. Ganapathi RM&BS 187/2 1.5 GARUDABILLI BONDAPALLE 8/14/2012 8/13/2022 1200 1200 1008 104750 104750 75600 1 21115043 Sri 32 RM&BS 187/2 2 GARUDABILLI BONDAPALLE 8/13/2015 6/4/2025 1014 600 1200 125155 125155 99999 1 S.Satyanarayana 21104011 Smt V.Surya 33 RM&BS 187/2 1.5 GARUDABILLI BONDAPALLE 7/30/2004 7/29/2019 720 1500 1020 75000 75000 76500 3 Chakravarthy 21112010 Smt V. Surya 11/12/202 34 RM&BS 187/2 2 GARUDABILLI BONDAPALLE 11/13/2011 990 1338 1350 110140 110140 101250 8 Chakravarthy 1 21115043 Sri 35 RM&BS 187/2 0.5 GARUDABILLI BONDAPALLE 11/10/2014 11/9/2024 210 300 300 30000 30000 22673 0 Ch.Sivannarayana 21112002 M/s Satya Stone 10/17/202 36 RM&BS 187/2 1 GARUDABILLI BONDAPALLE 10/18/2011 5200 3450 800 265000 265000 70250 1 Crusher 6 21114013 Smt V.Surya 37 RM&BS 187/2, 1 GARUDABILLI BONDAPALLE 8/2/2013 8/1/2023 600 1200 690 64600 64600 51750 3 Chakravarthy 21115043 Sri Ch.Veera 38 RM&BS 187/2, 2 GARUDABILLI BONDAPALLE 8/19/2015 8/18/2025 1020 300 1200 121501 121501 99999 3 Swamy 21107013 Smt V.Surya 39 RM&BS 187/2, 1 GARUDABILLI BONDAPALLE 2/12/2007 2/11/2022 600 1500 600 50000 50000 50000 5 Chakravarthy 21112011 Sri Ch.Surya 11/12/202 40 RM&BS 187/2,, 2 GARUDABILLI BONDAPALLE 11/13/2011 1026 1500 1350 111060 111060 101250 9 Prakasa Rao 1 21115041 41 Sri Ch. Papa Rao RM&BS 187/2,, 2 GARUDABILLI BONDAPALLE 11/10/2014 11/9/2024 1020 1200 1200 120980 120980 100000 7 21107000 M/s Satya 10/29/202 42 RM&BS 67, 2.5 KONDAKINDAM BONDAPALLE 10/30/2007 9100 2200 2750 534500 534500 226250 7 Granites 2 21107000 M/s Satya 10/29/201 43 RM&BS 61, 1.66 KONDAKINDAM BONDAPALLE 10/30/2007 3000 1140 1100 190500 190500 82794 8 Constructions 7 21107001 M/s Satya 10/29/202 44 RM&BS 67, 1.5 KONDAKINDAM BONDAPALLE 10/30/2007 5900 1200 1000 340000 340000 82250 6 Granites 2 21113001 45 Sri B. Sridhar RM&BS 67, 1 KONDAKINDAM BONDAPALLE 5/8/2013 5/7/2028 1200 2250 500 90000 90000 50000 3

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District Survey Report - 2018

21113013 Sri M.Srinivasa 46 RM&BS 67, 5 KONDAKINDAM BONDAPALLE 5/8/2013 5/7/2028 6700 3380 3300 450000 450000 255000 2 Rao BUILDIN 21100013 M/s Prakash G 47 9, 2 MARUVADA BONDAPALLE 8/1/2015 7/31/2025 4590 4980 4410 359000 359000 307665 1 Stone Crusher STONE ,RM&BS 21115040 48 Sri R. Sai Suresh RM&BS 9, 1.64 MARUVADA BONDAPALLE 6/5/2015 6/4/2025 900 2200 3080 82000 82000 227400 7 B.STON 21117047 22/03/202 49 Sri N. Rajesh E & 267 4 NELIVADA BONDAPALLE 23/03/2017 -- -- 8080 -- -- 247332 2 7 GRAVEL BUILDIN 21115042 50 Sri S. Ramu G 2, 0.5 OMPALLI BONDAPALLE 7/10/2015 7/9/2025 248 393 252 29851 29851 25000 2 STONE 21210002 M/s. S.K.Sarawagi MANGA CHEEPURUPAL 51 86P, 19.78 ITIKARLAPALLE 1/12/2010 6/6/2023 2300 14500 1960 -- -- 79379 4 & (P) Ltd NESE LE 21207001 M/s. S.K.Sarawagi MANGA 278,279 CHEEPURUPAL 52 17.63 KARLAM 8/14/2007 8/13/2027 ------9 & (P) Ltd NESE , LE 21207001 M/s. S.K.Sarawagi MANGA NIMMALAVALAS CHEEPURUPAL 53 104, 4.771 10/1/2007 9/30/2027 ------8 & (P) Ltd NESE A LE 21204002 M/s. S.K.Sarawagi MANGA PEDANADIPALL CHEEPURUPAL 135502 54 29P, 9.356 3/8/2004 6/6/2023 2300 7000 2000 -- -- 5 & Co.,(P) Ltd NESE E LE 4 21213004 M/s Global MANGA PEDANADIPALL CHEEPURUPAL 55 31/7, 8.19 4/4/2013 4/3/2033 -- 1563 490 -- -- 542325 5 Associates, NESE E LE 21293046 Sri Promod MANGA 78/2 , PEDANADIPALL CHEEPURUPAL 56 7.58 3/29/1993 3/30/2023 -- -- 198 -- -- 361436 4 Bansilalji Kacholia NESE 105/P, E LE 21108023 PATHIKAYAVALA CHEEPURUPAL 57 Sri I. Ramana 52/5 1.35 -- 50 -- 80046 80046 -- 9 SA LE 222/1, 21202010 Sri D. Kailash LIMEKA 11/26/202 58 223/1,4 8.316 GOBHYAM DATTIRAJERU 11/27/2002 ------9 Sharma NKAR 2 , 21212023 Sri G.Tirupathi QUARTZI KORAPA 108267 59 1, 29.14 DATTIRAJERU 5/16/2012 5/15/2032 ------1 Rao TE KOTHAVALASA 5 21201022 QUARTZI 11/28/202 60 Sri M. Jaya Simha 2, 64.75 MARRIVALASA DATTIRAJERU 11/29/2001 ------9 TE 1 61 21200005 Sri B. Ramesh, QUARTZI 11, 40.06 MARRIVALASA DATTIRAJERU 12/6/2000 12/5/2020 81716 52008 113000 3891169 389116 774123

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District Survey Report - 2018

8 TE 9 5 21201043 Sri QUARTZI 196530 62 2 64.75 MARRIVALASA DATTIRAJERU -- -- 2500 -- -- 5 Muta.Jayasimha TE 8 21203006 QUARTZI 176383 126142 63 Smt M.A.R. Kumari 37, 24.28 PORALI DATTIRAJERU 5/26/2003 5/25/2023 29350 41650 21675 1763834 1 TE 4 5 21207005 QUARTZI 12314 244800 925517 64 Smt. R.Suneetha, 1, 28 SARAYYAVALSA DATTIRAJERU 3/5/2007 3/4/2027 35800 123400 2448000 7 TE 6 0 3 21111012 65 Sri P.Adi Babu RM&BS 102, 1 BODDAVALASA DENKADA 5/31/2011 5/30/2021 730 670 1170 65000 65000 87250 9 21114020 Sri M. Appala 66 RM&BS 102, 2 BODDAVALASA DENKADA 3/25/2014 3/24/2029 1500 1200 1650 139500 139500 100500 3 Naidu BUILDIN 21108022 G 12/23/201 67 Sri N. Appala Raju 61, 0.5 D.TALLAVALASA DENKADA 12/24/2008 ------7 STONE- 8 GRAVEL 21108024 Sri Y. Lakshmu 68 RM&BS 65, 1 JONNADA DENKADA 4/4/2008 4/3/2018 -- 432 1700 -- -- 125829 4 Naidu 21108025 Sri S. Appala 69 RM&BS 65, 0.4 JONNADA DENKADA 1/30/2008 1/29/2018 990 900 600 37980 37980 20000 5 Naidu 21109026 Smt 190/6,7 GAJAPATHINA 11/11/202 70 CG 2.91 KONISA 11/12/2009 77.04 90.865 -- 374000 374000 284662 7 N.K.Chinnammal ,12, GARAM 9 21114037 Sri Veeresh GAJAPATHINA 12/31/202 1795.03 954.24 415138 142837 71 CG 178, 9 KONISA 10/27/2014 684.362 4151380 2 Kumar Hatti GARAM 8 6 5 0 2 21105015 M/s Humpi GAJAPATHINA 142.60 72 CG 178, 5.2 KONISA 2/1/2005 1/31/2025 132.033 28.14 338427 338427 492677 8 Enterprises GARAM 5 21114037 Sri Veeresh GAJAPATHINA 12/31/202 529.36 147700 73 CG 178,, 8.466 KONISA 10/27/2014 460.107 453.876 1477000 967787 1 Kumar Hatti GARAM 8 5 0 21105026 M/s Galaxy Rock GAJAPATHINA 74 CG 178, 14 KONISA 10/6/2005 10/5/2025 ------5 Mine Pvt Ltd GARAM 21115040 Sri GAJAPATHINA 217.04 3648.12 957004 75 CG 272,, 5 MUTCHERLA 4/10/2015 4/9/2035 102.234 14057 14057 4 A.Suryanarayana GARAM 9 3 7 21110017 76 Sri S. Ramu Naidu RM&BS 44, 1 GANTYADA GANTYADA 5/31/2010 5/30/2020 960 660 666 57022 57022 50000 3 21106013 77 M/s V-Qubes CG 48, 2.832 GANTYADA GANTYADA 10/9/2006 10/8/2026 ------7 78 21110017 Sri Y. Ramana RM&BS 1, 1 JAGGAPURAM GANTYADA 8/19/2010 8/18/2020 600 600 666 64300 64300 50000

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District Survey Report - 2018

1 Murthy 21110017 79 Sri S.Ramu Naidu RM&BS 1, 1 JAGGAPURAM GANTYADA 6/18/2010 6/17/2020 960 600 666 86200 86200 50000 8 21110017 80 Sri Y. Rajesh RM&BS 1, 1 JAGGAPURAM GANTYADA 8/19/2010 8/18/2020 900 660 642 78838 78838 50000 4 21110018 81 Sri S. Ramu Naidu RM&BS 1, 2 JAGGAPURAM GANTYADA 1/4/2013 6/24/2020 1050 1320 1170 107975 107975 100000 4 21204004 M/s R.B.S.S.D.& MANGA 386547 271840 82 124/P,, 13.868 AVAGUDEM GARIVIDI 1/27/2004 3/31/2020 44400 30520 7300 3865472 0 F.N. Das NESE 2 8 21201002 M/s. S.K.Sarawagi MANGA 219,205 83 46.63 BAGUVALASA GARIVIDI 3/30/2001 6/1/2019 15205 -- -- 275000 275000 -- 7 & Co.,(P) Ltd NESE P, Sri M. Venkata 21107026 84 Laxmi Narasimha RM&BS 24/1, 0.5 DEVADA GARIVIDI 7/2/2007 7/1/2017 450 450 300 25000 25000 25000 3 Raju 21107042 Sri S. Venkata 12/21/201 85 RM&BS 24/1P, 1.3 DEVADA GARIVIDI 12/22/2007 438 870 849 65000 65000 65000 1 Kumar Swamy 7 21110019 Sri Y.Venkata 10/11/201 86 RM&BS 24/1, 1.5 DEVADA GARIVIDI 10/12/2010 1014 1001 1000 92270 92270 75000 8 Laxmi 9 21110032 Smt Y. Venkata 87 RM&BS 24/1P, 1 DEVADA GARIVIDI 6/19/2010 6/18/2020 520 666 666 61513 61513 50000 0 Lakshmi 21109014 Sri Y. Naresh 88 RM&BS 24/1P, 0.75 DEVADA GARIVIDI 1/6/2009 1/5/2019 393 500 500 46135 46135 37500 0 Kumar Sri M. 21115039 89 Venkateswara RM&BS 24/1P, 2.8 DEVADA GARIVIDI 5/28/2015 5/27/2025 1800 1800 2100 183000 183000 157500 8 Rao 21204003 M/s R.B.S.S.D.& MANGA 24,25,6 328421 820359 90 41.054 DEVADA GARIVIDI 1/27/2004 3/31/2020 36200 39250 14300 3284216 9 F.N. Das NESE 2/P, 6 7 21103026 9/2,51/ 91 Sri M.Prabhakar CG 3 DUMMEDA GARIVIDI 6/6/2003 6/5/2023 -- -- 17.283 -- -- 300000 8 1P, 21200008 Sri Pradeep MANGA 1/P, 92 12.69 GADABAVALASA GARIVIDI 5/20/2000 5/19/2020 270 ------4 Chandra Deo NESE 3/P, Shri Bajrang 21200000 MANGA GARIVIDI 93 Power and Ispat 56, 3.95 GARIVIDI 9/27/2000 9/26/2020 4982 2720 3228 215833 215833 881075 5 NESE (URBAN) Ltd., 21213004 M/s R.B.S.S.D.& MANGA GARIVIDI 94 20/P, 21.587 GARIVIDI 12/4/2013 3/31/2020 ------43174 43174 86348 1 F.N. Das NESE (URBAN)

99

District Survey Report - 2018

Sri M. 21109025 95 Venkateswara RM&BS 123, 0.5 KODURU GARIVIDI 10/6/2009 10/5/2019 300 534 -- 25000 25000 -- 0 Rao Sri J. 21107046 MOKHASADUG 96 Venkateswara RM&BS 135, 2.5 GARIVIDI 2/6/2007 2/5/2017 -- 50 ------0 GIVALASA Rao Sri J. 21107024 MOKHASADUG 97 Venkateswara 135 2.5 GARIVIDI 800 ------2 GIVALASA Rao 21202010 Sri D. Kailash LIMEKA 46,79,8 REGATIAGRAHA 11/26/202 98 4.38 GARIVIDI 11/27/2002 ------7 sharma NKAR 0, RAM 2 21202025 Sri V. Srinivasa LIMEKA REGATIAGRAHA 99 43/2, 0.73 GARIVIDI 9/24/2002 9/23/2022 ------8 Rao NKAR RAM 21207003 M/s M.K.Mining MANGA VEDULLAVALAS 100 165, 4.892 GARIVIDI 8/24/2007 8/23/2027 1650 2850 1600 159245 159245 689182 0 Corporation NESE A 21106003 Sri B.V.R.M. 11/15/203 101 RM&BS 1, 1.041 CHINAGUDABA GARUGUBILLI 11/16/2016 1200 900 900 89497 89497 67500 3 Visakha 1 21107026 Sri S. Uma 102 RM&BS 1,, 2 CHINAGUDABA GARUGUBILLI 6/12/2007 6/11/2017 -- 1333 1335 100000 100000 100125 0 Maheswara Rao 21202036 Sri D. Ramana QUARTZI 103 87/14,, 3.96 CHINAGUDABA GARUGUBILLI 9/30/2002 9/29/2022 3050 11800 10500 225615 225615 950000 1 Chitti TE M/s Uma 21112025 104 Maheswari Stone RM&BS 1, 2 CHINAGUDABA GARUGUBILLI 4/18/2012 4/18/2017 3400 1466 1200 175000 175000 50870 4 Crusher 21107009 147078 166895 105 Sri A.V.V.Satish RM&BS 221, 4.58 CHINAGUDABA GARUGUBILLI 1/12/2007 1/11/2017 20668 13173 23253 1470780 0 0 0 21108034 Sri Ch. Rama 106 RM&BS 01, 1.414 CHINAGUDABA GARUGUBILLI 6/28/2013 9/5/2018 520 400 600 -- -- 70700 1 Krishna Sri Baratam 21116046 11/15/202 107 Venkata Ramana RM&BS 1 4.95 CHINAGUDABA GARUGUBILLI 11/16/2016 -- 1200 3300 -- -- 247500 2 6 Murthy Visakha 21107009 108 Sri A.V.V.Satish RM&BS 219, 1.105 CHINAGUDABA GARUGUBILLI 1/12/2007 1/11/2017 3325 2875 5456 198450 198450 355197 1 21115039 109 Sri A. Prakasa Rao RM&BS 1, 1 CHINAGUDABA GARUGUBILLI 7/5/2014 7/4/2024 2523 2006 640 171557 171557 50000 1 110 21108042 Sri N.Ravi Kumar RM&BS 01, 2.5 CHINAGUDABA GARUGUBILLI 12/8/2008 12/7/2018 700 500 800 125000 125000 125000

100

District Survey Report - 2018

0 21112028 Sri V.Satya 111 RM&BS 1, 2 CHINAGUDABA GARUGUBILLI 4/18/2012 5/17/2017 -- -- 333 -- -- 100000 2 Ravindra Reddy 21207008 QUARTZI 193040 112 Sri S.Tirumala Rao 127, 24.484 DALAIVALASA GARUGUBILLI 2/6/2007 2/5/2027 35000 36900 -- 1930408 -- 5 TE 8 M/s Dinesh Das 21200036 QUARTZI 79000. 434774 102600 113 Mines and Steels 01,, 8.093 GOTTIVALASA GARUGUBILLI 4/28/2000 4/27/2020 84990 136800 4347740 5 TE 1 0 00 (P) Ltd., 21106027 M/s Kamalakshi 243.73 114 CG 24,, 3.7 PEDAGUDABA GARUGUBILLI 5/25/2006 5/24/2026 -- 339.356 -- -- 438294 0 Minerals Pvt Ltd 2 Sri A.Gangadhara QUARTZI 115 471 11.13 RAVIVALASA GARUGUBILLI 27.03.2017 26.03.2027 ------Naidu TE 21201024 M/s M.S.R. QUARTZI 116 1, 18.21 UDDAVOLU GARUGUBILLI 7/23/2001 7/22/2021 ------6 Minerals, TE 21202036 Sri QUARTZI 145590 510000 117 1, 19.73 UDDAVOLU GARUGUBILLI 6/26/2002 6/25/2022 20700 3940 71600 1455909 6 B.V.R.M.Visakha TE 9 0 21117048 A.GANGADHAR QUARTZI LAKHANAPURA 118 471 11.13 GARUGUBILLI ------169237 5 NAIDU TE M 21114036 DEVUNIKANAPA 259715 119 M/s P.G. Exports CG 06, 21.16 GURLA 10/28/2014 1/9/2034 585.714 233.99 22.963 2597152 -- 0 KA 2 21209035 M/s MANGA SADANANDAPU 561739 120 2/3, 56.838 GURLA 1/6/2009 9/14/2025 22100 40920 13000 924352 924352 5 R.B.S.S.D&F.N.Das NESE RAM 8 21299011 Sri K. Subramanya QUARTZI 121 330, 11.53 BHEEMASINGI JAMI 2/25/1999 2/24/2019 8000 15000 11554 -- -- 716550 2 Raju TE 21296013 122 Smt S. Laxmi 330 4.11 BHEEMASINGI JAMI 1580 ------9 21115040 Sri I. 123 RM&BS 464, 0.75 JAMI JAMI 6/4/2015 6/3/2025 900 600 468 76875 76875 37500 6 Ramachandrudu 21114037 Sri V.A. Rama 124 RM&BS 464, 1 JAMI JAMI 10/8/2014 10/7/2024 870 679 730 65000 65000 54567 0 Satyam 21108041 125 Sri Ch. Appa Rao RM&BS 394, 0.364 JAMI JAMI 1/7/2008 1/6/2018 180 240 300 20665 20665 22700 3 21107005 126 Sri K. Murali RM&BS 394, 1 JAMI JAMI 12/19/2007 6/8/2017 3850 3800 6366 264400 264400 477450 3 21104032 M/s Jami 11/15/201 127 RM&BS 464, 1 JAMI JAMI 12/28/2004 ------9 SCQWLCC 4

101

District Survey Report - 2018

Society 21102014 Sri I. 128 RM&BS 394, 0.627 JAMI JAMI 9/7/2012 9/6/2022 900 420 768 31500 31500 54328 9 Ramachandrudu M/s Ambedkar 21106014 129 SCQWLCC RM&BS 394, 0.6 JAMI JAMI 1/23/2014 1/22/2024 2400 690 510 118399 118399 38250 7 Society 21105005 11/20/202 130 Sri K. Murali RM&BS 464, 2.5 JAMI JAMI 11/19/2005 5800 8200 12900 351584 351584 912500 9 0 21114031 131 Sri S. Demudu RM&BS 394, 0.5 JAMI JAMI 6/27/2014 6/8/2017 450 360 300 34221 34221 -- 2 21102032 Sri I. 132 RM&BS 394, 0.12 JAMI JAMI 3/22/2012 3/21/2022 1050 540 318 46975 46975 23850 4 Ramachandrudu 21106019 133 Sri V. Appa Rao RM&BS 464, 2 JAMI JAMI 8/14/2016 8/13/2026 2160 1348 1420 124138 124138 46463 0 21110006 Sri K. Eswara 11/24/202 134 RM&BS 394, 0.405 JAMI JAMI 11/25/2010 2500 1300 1200 160048 160048 69500 0 Chandra 0 Sri V. Venkata 21108018 135 Satya Madhu RM&BS 464, 0.5 JAMI JAMI 3/4/2008 3/3/2018 498 400 400 46500 46500 30000 8 Prasad M/s Laxminarayana 21112032 Stone Cutting 136 RM&BS 394, 0.32 JAMI JAMI 4/26/2012 4/25/2027 300 216 170 16000 16000 12368 6 Industries Cooperative Society Ltd., 21112005 117500 137 Sri K. Murali RM&BS 464, 1.4 JAMI JAMI 1/23/2012 1/22/2027 4750 6100 22900 324150 324150 5 0 21109014 Sri I. 138 RM&BS 464, 0.404 JAMI JAMI 2/6/2009 2/5/2019 1500 390 318 82600 82600 24050 8 Ramachandrudu Smt 21114018 12/31/202 139 V.Suryanarayamm RM&BS 394, 1 JAMI JAMI 1/1/2014 840 750 790 62000 62000 59250 7 4 a 21114031 140 Sri S. Demudu RM&BS 394, 2 JAMI JAMI 6/27/2014 1/7/2023 996 1338 1350 114482 114482 101250 3 21102046 M/s Jami 141 RM&BS 464,, 0.5 JAMI JAMI 7/3/2002 3/25/2022 -- 150 300 -- -- 25000 1 SCQWLCC

102

District Survey Report - 2018

Society 21108009 Sri K. Ravindra CHANDRASEKH JIYYAMMA 142 RM&BS 132, 1 1/7/2008 1/6/2018 540 672 300 62982 62982 -- 6 Reddy ARAJAPURA VALASA 21112009 Sri K. Srinivasa JIYYAMMA 143 RM&BS 1, 1 TUMBALI 7/20/2012 7/19/2022 660 672 672 71638 71638 50400 4 Reddy VALASA 21109009 Sri K. Srinivasa JIYYAMMA 144 RM&BS 1, 1 TUMBALI 11/10/2009 11/9/2019 558 672 864 63450 63450 50400 7 Reddy VALASA 21111020 Sri S. Parikshit JIYYAMMA 145 RM&BS 1, 2 TUMBALI 3/4/2011 3/3/2021 1050 1344 1350 123719 123719 101250 0 Raju VALASA 21112010 146 Sri J. Rama Rao RM&BS 3, 1 BANJUKUPPA KOMARADA 8/17/2012 8/16/2022 500 670 660 60000 60000 49750 6 21111009 Sri K. Ravindra 147 RM&BS 3, 0.5 BANJUKUPPA KOMARADA 6/27/2011 4/20/2017 300 336 -- 33522 33522 -- 5 Reddy 21115044 Sri T.Venugopala 148 RM&BS 3, 2 BANJUKUPPA KOMARADA 1/21/2015 7/19/2022 1002 1344 1476 120000 120000 350 3 Reddy Sri 21107044 149 D.Simhachalam RM&BS 3, 0.5 BANJUKUPPA KOMARADA 2/28/2007 2/27/2017 -- 300 333 25000 25000 25000 4 Naidu 21107018 Sri M. Muthu GANGAREGUVA 150 RM&BS 251, 5 KOMARADA 6/1/2007 5/31/2017 2100 2200 1800 251270 251270 250000 5 Kumaran LASA 21203024 M/s M.S.R. QUARTZI 151 131, KOTIPAM KOMARADA 11/3/2003 10/3/2023 ------9 Minerals, TE 21112018 152 Smt D.Kumari RM&BS 43, 1.5 KUNERU KOMARADA 7/21/2012 7/20/2022 -- 1000 1000 75000 75000 75000 0 21112017 153 Smt T.Mahalaxmi 43 1.5 KUNERU KOMARADA ------9 THAMMANNA 21109021 M/s Cherukuri DORAVALASA 154 CG 73, 3 KOMARADA 2/13/2009 2/12/2029 -- -- 105.002 -- -- 300000 2 Granites H/O VIKRAMPURAM 21209012 M/s QUARTZI ARDHANAPALE 11/27/202 155 55, 8.09 KOTHAVALASA 11/28/2009 10500 13700 9600 620075 620075 720000 1 M.L.N.Minerals TE M 9 21117047 BS & ARDHANAPALE 156 Sri M.R.Sudhakar 55 10 KOTHAVALASA 3/6/2017 3/5/2027 -- -- 16467 -- -- 535626 3 GRAVEL M 21115040 Sri S. Raja Gopala ARDHANAPALE 157 55 4.047 KOTHAVALASA 13446 1500 -- 426724 426724 -- 2 Raju M

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District Survey Report - 2018

21298003 M/s QUARTZI 12/22/201 158 141, 3.645 BALIGHATTAM KOTHAVALASA 12/23/1998 4900 10400 8000 54675 54675 567825 5 G.R.R.Associates TE 8 21209012 M/s QUARTZI CHEEPURUVAL 11/27/202 161430 159 175, 10 KOTHAVALASA 11/28/2009 24068 20000 5000 1614300 375000 3 M.L.N.Minerals TE ASA 9 0 21205013 QUARTZI CHEEPURUVAL 160 Sri M.Ramu 175, 8.8 KOTHAVALASA 6/24/2005 6/23/2025 ------6 TE ASA 21117047 BS&GRA CHINTALAPALE 161 D.Jayasri 103 10 KOTHAVALASA 22.06.2017 21.06.2027 -- -- 17300 -- -- 19000 9 VEL M BUILDIN 21110041 Sri P. Dharama G CHINTALAPALE 12/20/202 100000 162 103, 10 KOTHAVALASA 12/21/2010 5500 5520 2600 -- -- 1 Rao STONE- M 0 0 GRAVEL 21117047 CHINTALAPALE 23/03/202 163 Sri Jasti Avaneish GRAVEL 103/5B 10 KOTHAVALASA 24/03/2017 -- -- 2000 -- -- 510959 4 M 7 21102029 M/s Sri Srinivasa 164 RM&BS 180, 1.129 KATAKAPALLE KOTHAVALASA 4/23/2002 4/22/2017 600 753 -- 68296 68296 -- 6 Stone Crusher 21117048 165 M.Satyanarayana RM&BS 180 0.6 KATAKAPALLE KOTHAVALASA 24.06.2017 23.06.2027 ------1 21117047 166 Dasari.Demudu RM&BS 1 5 NARAPAM KOTHAVALASA 19.06.2017 18.06.2027 -- -- 100 ------8 21202023 Sri K. Kodanda QUARTZI NIMMALAPALE 151113 132651 167 1/1,, 13.934 KOTHAVALASA 7/21/2002 7/20/2022 34820 21750 14900 1511131 3 Ram TE M 1 0 M/s Devi 21111042 10/27/202 168 Umamaheswari RM&BS 1/1, 2 PEDARAOPALLE KOTHAVALASA 10/28/2011 7080 5800 1400 550000 550000 105000 3 6 Stone Crusher Sri R.V.V.Satyanaraya 21107047 169 na Raju( RM&BS 1, 5.5 PEDARAOPALLE KOTHAVALASA 1/8/2016 6/11/2017 -- -- 3666 -- -- 252500 0 Amalgamation of 5 Quarry leases) 21117047 170 Smt A.Varalaxmi RM&BS 1 2.5 PEDARAOPALLE KOTHAVALASA 28.04.2017 27.04.2027 -- -- 2143 -- -- 115753 7 21112016 M/s Sakthidhar 171 RM&BS 1, 5.5 PEDARAOPALLE KOTHAVALASA 5/21/2012 4/15/2018 10170 7746 7266 644198 644198 275000 7 Nirmans 21108034 Dr.G.Sudrashana 11/17/201 172 RM&BS 1, 13.5 PEDARAOPALLE KOTHAVALASA 11/18/2008 6820 8800 -- 135000 135000 -- 8 Rao 8

104

District Survey Report - 2018

M/s G V R 21109034 173 Constructions (P) RM&BS 1,, 3.086 PEDARAOPALLE KOTHAVALASA 5/28/2009 5/27/2024 2000 2060 2300 253942 253942 172300 7 Ltd., Sri 21107015 174 R.V.V.Satyanaraya 1 0.5 PEDARAOPALLE KOTHAVALASA 12367 4236 -- 584775 584775 -- 3 na Raju Sri 21111015 120501 175 R.V.V.Satyanaraya 1 1.5 PEDARAOPALLE KOTHAVALASA 21085 1300 -- 1205011 -- 2 1 na Raju Sri 21111015 176 R.V.V.Satyanaraya 1 0.5 PEDARAOPALLE KOTHAVALASA 5930 333 -- 422462 422462 -- 4 na Raju Sri 21111015 402029 177 R.V.V.Satyanaraya 1 1.5 PEDARAOPALLE KOTHAVALASA 63804 21200 -- 4020293 -- 5 3 na Raju 21112034 Smt S.Devi 178 RM&BS 1/1,, 0.914 PEDARAOPALLI KOTHAVALASA 6/19/2012 6/18/2027 1400 735 800 95500 95500 60200 6 Umamaheswari M/s Rocky 01/04/2017 21201015 Minerals QUARTZI 179 1/8, 6.48 RELLI KOTHAVALASA (12/10/200 12/9/2021 1500 6300 3100 137200 137200 232500 1 (transferred from TE 1) Sri S.Satya Rao) 21201008 Sri M.Laxmi QUARTZI 180 1/8, 6.07 RELLI KOTHAVALASA 2/12/2001 2/11/2021 ------8 Narayana TE 21204010 Sri D. Ramana QUARTZI 127500 181 1/8,, 13.35 RELLI KOTHAVALASA 12/10/2004 12/9/2024 16000 48850 189000 -- -- 4 Chitti TE 00 BUILDIN 21116046 Sri Boyana G 182 288/3 1.3 RELLI KOTHAVALASA -- -- 3090 -- -- 27700 3 Solman Raju STONE, GRAVEL BS& 183 Sri B.Solman Raju 288/3 1.3 RELLIVALASA KOTHAVALASA 12/2/2016 12/1/2026 ------GRAVAL 21116046 Sri Korabilli Jagga 184 GRAVEL 1 2 SANTHAPALEM KOTHAVALASA 12/2/2016 12/1/2026 -- 3330 4480 -- -- 99900 7 Rao 21203041 M/s Sri Sai Krupa QUARTZI VEERABHADRA 185 239/1, 8.09 KOTHAVALASA 8/3/2003 8/2/2023 3800 1618 4618 323625 323625 346350 4 Minerals TE PURAM 186 21110016 Smt P. Syamala RM&BS 111, 1.15 REGA LAKKAVARAPU 10/6/2010 4/24/2020 600 510 -- 60600 60600 57394

105

District Survey Report - 2018

5 KOTA 21110031 LAKKAVARAPU 187 Smt P. Syamala RM&BS 111, 0.04 REGA 10/6/2010 4/24/2020 -- 90 -- 2000 2000 -- 8 KOTA 21110016 LAKKAVARAPU 188 Smt P. Syamala RM&BS 111,, 1 REGA 10/6/2010 4/24/2020 456 600 -- 50000 50000 49857 3 KOTA 21107016 LAKKAVARAPU 189 Smt P. Syamala RM&BS 111, 3 REGA 10/30/2007 7/9/2017 900 1230 120 150000 150000 -- 6 KOTA M/s Kallepalli 21106028 LAKKAVARAPU 190 Q.W.L.C.C. RM&BS 111, 1 REGA 2/27/2006 2/26/2016 432 480 -- 5000 5000 -- 6 KOTA Society, 21109012 Sri M.Rangu 191 RM&BS 313, 1.214 MAKKUVA MAKKUVA 5/27/2009 5/26/2019 460 810 -- 60500 60500 -- 5 Naidu M/s Radhika 21297004 MANGA MARKONDAPUT 11/26/201 192 Metals and 104/P, 9.712 MAKKUVA 11/27/1997 ------38848 38848 38848 2 NESE TI 7 Minerals 21107002 11/20/201 193 Sri B.V.Prabhujee RM&BS 14, 3 ANDHRA MENTADA 11/21/2007 2090 2000 -- 179000 179000 -- 0 7 21103015 M/s Humpi 194 CG 7, 33 KUSERU MENTADA 9/8/2003 9/7/2023 ------9 Enterprises 21104027 M/s Unistar Enter 195 CG 2, 4 PULIGUMMI MENTADA 4/7/2004 4/6/2024 ------5 Prizes 21112018 M/s Robust Mega 196 RM&BS 2, 1.5 PULIGUMMI MENTADA 10/12/2012 5/17/2021 -- -- 950 75000 75000 67500 1 Infra India (P) Ltd., M/s Robust Mega 21112018 12/19/202 197 Infra Project India RM&BS 2, 0.5 PULIGUMMI MENTADA 10/12/2012 -- -- 330 25000 25000 25000 2 1 Pvt Ltd., 21297001 M/s. S.K.Sarawagi MANGA BUDARAYAVALA MERAKAMUDI 10/16/201 198 115/45, 9.878 10/17/1997 ------7 & (P) Ltd NESE SA DAM 7 21207002 M/s. S.K.Sarawagi MANGA MERAKAMUDI 199 5P,6/1, 4.055 CHINARAVYAM 3/24/2007 3/23/2027 -- 2500 550 -- -- 16220 6 & Co.,(P) Ltd NESE DAM 87 To 21208004 M/s Rastriya Ispat MANGA 127,128 MERAKAMUDI 105816 151476 200 264.54 GARBHAM 11/6/2008 10/7/2022 6000 3100 2400 1058160 3 Nigam Ltd., NESE ,257/1, DAM 0 0 2,3, 21297039 M/s Mahalakshmi MANGA MERAKAMUDI 259850 201 798, 10.522 GARBHAM 7/15/1997 7/14/2017 -- 14826 6500 -- -- 0 Minerals NESE DAM 9

106

District Survey Report - 2018

,SELECT M/s Sri 21211003 MANGA MERAKAMUDI 202 Venkateswara 227/1, 5.24 GARBHAM 12/3/2011 12/2/2031 1000 1350 300 272506 272506 335334 7 NESE DAM Minerals 21208000 D.Shankarlal MANGA MERAKAMUDI 203 259/1, 4.97 GARBHAM 3/13/2008 3/12/2028 6100 4880 1096 414696 414696 423672 2 Sharma NESE DAM 21211008 Sri S.V.Sanyasi MANGA MERAKAMUDI 204 234, 4.84 GARBHAM 7/18/2011 7/17/2031 ------3 Rao NESE DAM 21209002 M/s. S.K.Sarawagi MANGA MERAKAMUDI 327587 205 9,, 8.656 KOTHAKARRA 8/18/2009 3/20/2027 4000 22500 3500 -- -- 8 & Co.,(P) Ltd NESE DAM 2 21209012 QUARTZI PUTHIKAVALAS MERAKAMUDI 12/10/202 206 Smt Ch. Jayasri 46, 12.14 12/11/2009 3800 2400.1 -- 217632 217632 -- 4 TE A DAM 9 21210025 QUARTZI RACHAGUMADA MERAKAMUDI 10/27/202 207 Smt V.Sreelatha 60, 4.257 10/28/2010 ------7 TE M DAM 0 M/s Sri 21206004 Venkateswara QUARTZI RAVIVALASA(NE MERAKAMUDI 10/18/202 208 43, 24.28 10/19/2006 16000 10000 20200 -- -- 899826 9 Mines and TE AR MUDI DAM 6 Minerals, 21208025 LIMEKA 87,89,8 MERAKAMUDI 209 Sri K.V.K Builders 5.03 SINGAVARAM 7/14/2008 7/13/2028 ------1 NKAR 8, DAM 21205023 QUARTZI MERAKAMUDI 291750 210 Smt G.Vasantha, 467, 26.91 UTTARAVILLI 6/14/2005 6/13/2025 1791 5300 38900 505231 505231 5 TE DAM 0 146 - 21106019 M/s Vishnu Priya 211 CG 2P, 2 NELLIMARLA NELLIMARLA 7/5/2006 7/4/2026 ------88242 88242 -- 6 Granite, 148, SAND 21200005 M/s Rastriya Ispat 212 (OTHER 1,27, 31.16 NELLIMARLA NELLIMARLA 3/2/2000 3/1/2020 ------4 Nigam Ltd., S) BUILDIN 21107017 G 213 Sri B. Ananda Rao 328, 2 NELLIMARLA NELLIMARLA 7/17/2007 7/16/2017 12300 4500 2700 366270 366270 100000 0 STONE- GRAVEL BUILDIN 21110009 Sri G 214 328,, 2 NELLIMARLA NELLIMARLA 12/8/2010 12/7/2020 6900 3875 4800 169010 169010 211500 2 P.Venugopalaraju STONE- GRAVEL

107

District Survey Report - 2018

M/s Rajyog 21116045 181.50 215 Minerals Private CG 133/2, 4.466 NELLIMARLA NELLIMARLA 5/9/2016 5/8/2036 ------4 7 Ltd 21112018 Sri B. Bangaru 216 RM&BS 328,, 2 NELLIMARLA NELLIMARLA 7/16/2012 7/15/2022 9900 5600 3300 332200 332200 100000 6 Raju BUILDIN 21110010 Sri Ch. G 180/1,1 217 1.67 NELLIMARLA NELLIMARLA -- -- 2780 -- -- 36877 5 G.V.Ratnam STONE, 80/2 GRAVEL SARIPALLE SAND 61, 21203031 M/s Rastriya Ispat NELLIMARLANE 218 (OTHER 68,256, 64.67 NELLIMARLA 4/23/2003 4/22/2023 6600 8100 6200 970050 970050 634878 7 Nigam Ltd., LLIMARAJUPET S) 6, A BUILDIN 21115043 Sri N.Srinivasa G 219 242,, 8 KOSTUVALASA PACHIPENTA 5/30/2015 5/29/2025 4495 5334 5800 517126 517126 335000 6 Rao STONE ,RM&BS 21114035 442.12 220 M/s Risab Trades CG 289/P,, 7 NANDA PACHIPENTA 11/12/2014 5/7/2026 159.174 269.817 114949 114949 -- 7 3 21108009 PANASAPEDDI 11/21/201 221 Sri G.Raja Gopal RM&BS 282, 1.5 PACHIPENTA 11/22/2008 547 960 990 75000 75000 75000 9 KONAVALA 8 M/s 21108010 Parammathalli PANUKUVALAS 11/21/201 222 RM&BS 110, 1.5 PACHIPENTA 11/22/2008 550 990 900 75000 75000 75000 2 STQWLCC A 8 Society 21111039 Sri N. Srinivasa PANUKUVALAS 223 RM&BS 242, 1 PACHIPENTA 5/6/2011 5/5/2026 1450 667 1400 120000 120000 105000 7 Rao A M/s 21108010 Parammathalli PANUKUVALAS 224 RM&BS 110, 1 PACHIPENTA 6/20/2008 6/19/2018 278 666 660 55000 55000 50000 0 STQWLCC A Society 21111039 Sri N.Srinivasa PANUKUVALAS 225 242 1 PACHIPENTA 720 600 800 65250 65250 59750 6 Rao A 21108022 Sri M. Shankara PARVATHIPURA 226 RM&BS 135, 1 BALAGUDABA 5/16/2008 5/15/2018 ------4 Rao M 227 21209012 Sri P.Syama QUARTZI 1,260, 4.71 BALAGUDABA PARVATHIPURA 8/5/2009 8/4/2029 100 -- -- 75390 75390 70650

108

District Survey Report - 2018

7 Sundaram TE M 21116045 M/s Pokarna PARVATHIPURA 1112.71 228 CG 121, 10 BUDURUVADA 6/1/2016 5/31/2036 -- 275.77 ------5 Limited M 3 21116045 M/s PARVATHIPURA 229 CG 01, 16.56 KORE 8/16/2016 8/15/2036 -- 58.242 ------4537 7 M.S.P.Granites M 21109022 PARVATHIPURA 230 B.Bala Krishna RM&BS 486, 0.5 NARSIPURAM 3/12/2009 3/11/2019 180 333 -- 25000 25000 25000 5 M 21110023 PARVATHIPURA 231 Sri K.G.K.Raju RM&BS 297, 2 NARSIPURAM 3/4/2010 3/3/2020 940 -- -- 70000 70000 -- 0 M 21110023 PARVATHIPURA 232 Sri K.G.K.Raju RM&BS 297, 1 NARSIPURAM 3/4/2010 3/3/2020 490 -- -- 60000 60000 48986 2 M 21205008 Sri K.Janardhana QUARTZI PARVATHIPURA 256602 233 21,, 45 PEDAMARIKI 2/28/2005 2/27/2025 46100 12800 12020 2566025 226500 9 Naidu TE M 5 BUILDIN 21117046 G 234 Sri P.Gopi 153 4.047 CHOWDAVADA PUSAPATIREGA 2/28/2017 2/27/2027 -- 500 1500 ------9 STONE ,GRAVEL BUILDIN 21111025 Sri K.V.G.P. G 235 281 0.69 KONADA PUSAPATIREGA 2/5/2011 1/5/2021 ------9 Bangaru Raju STONE ,GRAVEL BUILDIN 21108020 Sri K. Gangadhar G 236 1, 2 RELLIVALASA PUSAPATIREGA 2/2/2008 2/1/2018 2780 3300 -- 116000 116000 -- 4 Rao STONE ,GRAVEL 21111016 237 Sri M.V. Suresh 1 2 RELLIVALASA PUSAPATIREGA 5022 -- -- 55000 55000 -- 8 21297006 MANGA CHINTALAVALA RAMABHADRA 238 Sri Y.P.Rama Rao , 29.48 8/27/1997 8/26/2017 960 6528 500 -- -- 315000 3 NESE SA PURAM 7/1 to 16, 21209036 M/s Sanjay MANGA CHINTALAVALA RAMABHADRA 239 15/1 14.261 2/2/2009 9/3/2038 -- 800 810 -- -- 241750 9 Mining (P) Ltd., NESE SA PURAM to5,7to 9, 21208000 M/s Barbil Mining MANGA ITLAMAMIDIPAL RAMABHADRA 240 256/7,, 11.06 8/20/2008 8/19/2028 ------3 & Industries (P) NESE LE PURAM

109

District Survey Report - 2018

Ltd., M/s Barbil Mining 21208031 MANGA 256/7,1 ITLAMAMIDIPAL RAMABHADRA 282533 241 & Industries (P) 4.48 8/20/2008 8/19/2028 11816 19769 4900 315920 315920 9 NESE 0,12, LE PURAM 5 Ltd., 21209006 M/s Sri Ganesh MANGA 5-1,5- RAMABHADRA 242 4.027 LOLLARAPADU 7/3/2009 7/2/2029 ------5 Minerals, NESE 2,5-3, PURAM M/s Dinesh Das 21205036 MANGA RAMABHADRA 243 Mines and Steels 17, 8.093 MAMIDIVALASA 9/12/2005 9/11/2025 500 200 100 20000 20000 32372 4 NESE PURAM (P) Ltd., 21214013 Sri S.V.Narayana MANGA DIGUVAMENDA 244 , 21.77 SALUR 3/3/2014 3/2/2034 ------43660 43660 612656 0 Reddy NESE NGI 21108027 Sri G. Sanjeeva JANAVARIVALAS 245 RM&BS 241, 1 SALUR 6/20/2008 6/19/2018 574 666 666 58622 58622 50000 9 Rao A M/s Jeegram 21109022 Stone Cutting 246 RM&BS 79, 0.5 JEEGIRAM SALUR 5/27/2009 5/26/2019 -- 330 330 25000 25000 25000 1 Industiral,Co- operte Society Ltd 21107032 247 Sri B. Krishna RM&BS 236, 1 KARASAVALASA SALUR 10/1/2007 9/30/2017 350 660 -- 50000 50000 -- 3 21107028 248 Sri P. Mehar Baba RM&BS 236, 3 KARASUVALASA SALUR 10/1/2007 9/30/2017 1100 2020 2000 216500 216500 -- 5 M/s Kothavalasa, 21105028 249 S.T.Q.W.L.C.C.Soci RM&BS 268, 0.5 KOTHAVALASA SALUR 12/2/2005 12/1/2015 ------3 ety 21112018 Sri M.Dhanujaya 1 of 244850 201250 250 RM&BS 5 KOTHAVALASA SALUR 8/17/2012 8/16/2022 36150 25700 33500 2448500 3 Varma 268, 0 0 21110040 124179 251 Sri S.Kishore RM&BS 82, 1 NELIPARTI SALUR 1/7/2010 1/6/2020 17730 6300 6335 1241794 275125 0 4 21209006 Sri Kondla Swami MANGA 12/23/202 252 , 9.35 SIKHAPARUVU SALUR 12/24/2009 ------7 Reddy, NESE 9 21108022 M/s Sriman Stone SEETHANAGAR 253 RM&BS 43, 1 IPPALAVALASA 5/22/2008 5/21/2018 -- -- 150 ------3 Industries AM 21108026 Sriman Stone SEETHANAGAR 11/21/201 254 RM&BS 43, 2 IPPALAVALASA 7/15/2016 -- -- 300 ------9 Industries AM 8 21105006 Sri Srinivasa SEETHANAGAR 255 RM&BS 43, 2 IPPALAVALASA 8/31/2005 8/30/2016 ------4 Constructions AM

110

District Survey Report - 2018

21115045 Sri K.Gopala SEETHANAGAR 256 RM&BS 43, 1 IPPALAVALASA 2/22/2015 2/21/2025 ------6 Krishna Raju AM 21110023 SEETHANAGAR 257 Smt K. Lakshmi RM&BS 43, 1 IPPALAVALASA 3/4/2010 3/3/2020 500 -- -- 60000 60000 50120 4 AM BUILDIN G 21105022 SEETHANAGAR 258 Sri K.G.K.Raju STONE,R 43 1 IPPALAVALASA -- 660 ------50000 8 AM OAD METAL 21108006 Sri Srinivasa ROAD SEETHANAGAR 259 43 2.27 IPPALAVALASA -- -- 3000 -- -- 225000 9 Constructions METAL AM 21107009 M/s Rajayalaxmi SEETHANAGAR 260 RM&BS 228, 5 NIDAGALLU 12/10/2007 12/9/2017 1690 4500 3333 250000 250000 250000 8 Constructions AM SRUNGAVARAP 21108033 Sri. M. 261 RM&BS 01, 2 ALUGUBILLI U 5/8/2008 4/8/2018 1000 1320 1282 120000 120000 100000 9 Kasiviswaradham -KOTA SRUNGAVARAP 21111004 Smt M.Ganga 262 RM&BS 1, 2.46 ALUGUBILLI U 10/6/2015 4/17/2021 1200 1620 1915 143775 143775 123000 8 Bhavani KOTA SRUNGAVARAP 21111036 M/s Aditya 115500 263 RM&BS 01, 6.25 ALUGUBILLI U 3/6/2012 8/4/2018 15740 16400 15400 962500 962500 8 Aggrigates 0 KOTA SRUNGAVARAP 21110032 Sri L. Ashok 264 RM&BS 1, 2 ALUGUBILLI U 9/17/2010 9/16/2020 540 1155 345 100000 100000 100000 5 Kumar KOTA SRUNGAVARAP 21104004 Smt M. Ganga 265 RM&BS 1, 1 ALUGUBILLI U 6/18/2004 6/17/2019 475 656 650 56966 56966 50000 6 Bhavani KOTA Sri SRUNGAVARAP 21112033 266 M.Kasiviswanadh RM&BS 1, 1 ALUGUBILLI U 3/6/2012 8/4/2018 732 660 641 80000 80000 50000 8 am KOTA SRUNGAVARAP 21111002 M/s Aditya 267 RM&BS 1, 4 ALUGUBILLI U 9/3/2011 4/17/2017 -- 2779 ------2 Aggregates KOTA 21108032 Sri L. Ashok SRUNGAVARAP 268 RM&BS 1, 2 ALUGUBILLI 1/29/2008 1/28/2018 510 1092 345 100000 100000 100000 7 Kumar U

111

District Survey Report - 2018

KOTA SRUNGAVARAP 12/14/202 269 Smt D.Jayasri RM&BS 1 1 ALUGUBILLI U 12/15/2016 ------6 KOTA M/s SRUNGAVARAP 21114038 S.V.S.Mookambik 270 RM&BS 365, 2.36 DHARMAVARAM U 12/19/2014 5/21/2023 720 450 2520 -- -- 115210 6 a Constructions KOTA (P) Ltd., SRUNGAVARAP 21113005 271 Sri K. Murali RM&BS 365, 2.33 DHARMAVARAM U 5/21/2013 5/20/2028 3965 4300 4700 232300 232300 297500 6 KOTA SRUNGAVARAP 21108036 M/s Varma Stone 272 RM&BS 365, 3.72 DHARMAVARAM U 5/1/2008 4/30/2018 1366 2480 2480 ------7 Crusher KOTA SRUNGAVARAP 21112017 Sri P.Chandra 273 RM&BS 365, 1 DHARMAVARAM U 9/27/2012 9/26/2022 400 666 665 -- -- 50000 5 Sekhar Varma KOTA SRUNGAVARAP 21113004 Smt D. 274 RM&BS 365, 3.33 DHARMAVARAM U 7/6/2013 7/5/2028 1436 2220 2235 166500 166500 166750 4 Krishnaveni KOTA M/s Rock SRUNGAVARAP 21113003 126560 275 Aggregates Pvt RM&BS 365, 4.2 DHARMAVARAM U 3/13/2013 3/12/2028 12900 10800 17698 875500 875500 6 4 Ltd., KOTA M/s S.V.S.Mookambik SRUNGAVARAP 21114038 12/13/201 276 a RM&BS 365, 2.82 DHARMAVARAM U 12/19/2014 720 450 1980 -- -- 69270 4 7 Constructions(P)Lt KOTA d., Sri S.S.S.Rama SRUNGAVARAP 21117048 raju ( Transferred 277 RM&BS 322 2 DHARMAVARAM U ------100000 6 from M. KOTA Jagannadham) SRUNGAVARAP 21114027 M/s Aditya 278 RM&BS 365, 1.66 DHARMAVARAM U 8/19/2014 3/17/2023 2800 1800 2800 220000 220000 189100 4 Aggregates KOTA 279 21112029 Sri R.Chandra RM&BS 01, 8 KONDAMALLIP SRUNGAVARAP 7/4/2012 7/3/2022 4270 5330 5333 475148 475148 400000

112

District Survey Report - 2018

5 Sekhar, UDI U KOTA M/s Sri SRUNGAVARAP 21112007 KONDAMALLIP 280 Veeranjaneya RM&BS 1, 2.5 U 3/27/2012 5/17/2017 1650 1830 1710 160000 160000 128250 4 UDI Mineral Products KOTA SRUNGAVARAP 21112020 KONDAMALLIP 281 Sri R. Sudhakar RM&BS 1, 6 U 5/6/2012 5/5/2022 3450 4008 4000 355000 355000 299967 2 UDI KOTA SRUNGAVARAP 21112007 M/s Veeranjaneya KONDAMALLIP 282 RM&BS 1, 2.5 U 1/18/2012 5/17/2017 1500 2070 1710 175000 175000 128250 5 Mineral Products UDI KOTA SRUNGAVARAP 21107020 283 Sri R.Sankar Rao RM&BS 7, 1 KOTHAVOORU U 5/24/2006 5/23/2021 495 668 666 79500 79500 50000 7 KOTA M/s Sri Sai SRUNGAVARAP 21115041 284 Krishna Stone RM&BS 464, 2 KOTTAM U 9/28/2014 9/27/2029 1050 1500 1350 109770 109770 101250 5 Crusher KOTA SRUNGAVARAP 21110044 285 Smt K. Mahalaxmi RM&BS 464, 2 KOTTAM U 9/27/2010 2/26/2017 600 -- -- 126965 126965 -- 1 KOTA M/s Laxminarayana SRUNGAVARAP 21112032 Stone Cutting 286 RM&BS 464, 2 KOTTAM U 9/13/2011 9/12/2026 510 1017 345 100000 100000 100000 8 Industries KOTA Cooperative Society Ltd., M/s Sri Krishna SRUNGAVARAP 21115042 22/09/203 287 Mohan Stone RM&BS 464, 6.47 KOTTAM U 23/09/2015 2372 4310 4313 323500 323500 323475 4 0 Crusher KOTA SRUNGAVARAP 21115042 Sri K.V.Mohana 288 RM&BS 464, 4 KOTTAM U 6/24/2015 6/23/2030 2060 2666 2660 244521 244521 200000 5 Rao KOTA SRUNGAVARAP 21115043 289 Smt Ch.Suramma 464 1 KOTTAM U -- -- 622 50000 50000 50000 4 KOTA 290 21115042 Sri P.G.Prasad RM&BS, 85, 3.25 MALLIPUDI SRUNGAVARAP 11/3/2015 11/2/2025 1100 -- 6700 162500 162500 162500

113

District Survey Report - 2018

6 Rao GRAVEL U KOTA M/s Gayatri Blue SRUNGAVARAP 21106039 291 Stone Crusher RM&BS 85, 1 MALLIPUDI U 8/18/2006 8/17/2021 1020 1450 -- 50000 50000 -- 4 Industry KOTA SRUNGAVARAP 21115044 292 Sri S.M. Jani RM&BS 86, 1.75 MALLIPUDI U 7/11/2015 7/10/2025 450 1200 1200 15766 15766 89810 2 KOTA SRUNGAVARAP 21112029 18/09/202 293 Smt A. Kamala RM&BS 1, 8.9 MALLIPUDI U 28/01/2012 7350 7350 6900 645000 645000 381047 3 4 KOTA SRUNGAVARAP 21115043 Sri K. Venkata 294 RM&BS 85, 3.25 MALLIPUDI U 9/23/2015 9/22/2025 1190 100 -- 162500 162500 -- 9 Krishna Reddy KOTA SRUNGAVARAP 21112034 SRUNGAVARAP 10/25/201 295 Sri K.V.Mohan Rao RM&BS 508/1, 2 U 10/26/2008 1800 2100 2100 158000 158000 118840 5 UKOTA 8 KOTA SRUNGAVARAP 21108032 Smt S.Venkata 296 RM&BS 167, 0.5 THIMIDI U 9/4/2008 9/3/2018 180 450 150 25000 25000 -- 2 Lakshmi KOTA M/s Adinarayana SRUNGAVARAP 21115040 297 Stone Crushing RM&BS 167, 2 THIMIDI U 6/11/2012 6/10/2027 4176 2250 1332 256697 256697 100000 9 Industries KOTA 21297003 MANGA 46P,47 DOMMIGANI 298 Sri.A.S.V.Prasad 1.6 THERLAM 7/26/1997 7/25/2017 ------2 NESE P, GADABAVALA ASV Prasad 21210000 MANGA DOMMIGANI 116511 299 Mining Private 35AIC,,, 15.74 THERLAM 11/8/2010 5/19/2020 4420 13900 4200 428519 428519 1 NESE GADABAVALA 5 Limited MANGA NESE ORE 19/3,4P Ms Blue Ocean 21217048 (25% TO ,16P,17 DOMMIGANI 300 Minerals Private 4.747 THERLAM ------501322 3 35% to 27 GADABAVALA Limited MN),MA etc NGANES E ORE

114

District Survey Report - 2018

(35% TO 46% MN),MA NGANES E ORE(UP TO 25% MN) 119/13, 120/1, 21212014 M/s Dharani MANGA 121/1, 301 10.5 PERUMALI THERLAM 4/9/2012 4/8/2031 ------5 Minerals NESE 123,128 ,138/19 ,116, 21210000 MANGA 302 M/s M.Lall & Co., 135P, 4.338 PERUMALI THERLAM 2/11/2010 2/10/2030 ------6 NESE Sri 113.3,1 21213005 MANGA RAMACHANDRA 303 K.Venkateswara 13,56.3, 4.165 THERLAM 10/24/2013 6/18/2029 ------2 NESE PURAM@PER Rao 112.1P, 21203004 Sri Sai Mines and QUARTZI RANGAPPAVALS 367500 304 98, 20.315 THERLAM 5/13/2003 5/12/2023 7100 19660 49000 419258 419258 7 Minerals TE A 0 M/s Sri Venkatesh 21115039 687.83 287500 305 InfraNirman Pvt CG 21,, 18.88 UDDAVOLU THERLAM 4/6/2015 4/5/2035 705.518 239.516 2875000 494241 2 9 0 Ltd., 21115041 Sri D. Veera 306 RM&BS 105/2, 1.6 BODDAM VEPADA 8/6/2015 8/5/2025 695 1800 900 88384 88384 80000 9 Demudu M/s Sai 21114031 307 Parameswari RM&BS 1, 2 JAKERU VEPADA 4/16/2014 9/25/2020 6000 6000 5400 395400 395400 305000 5 Stone Crusher 21107030 308 Sri R. Venkata Rao RM&BS 1, 4 JAKERU VEPADA 7/31/2007 7/30/2017 1966 500 1200 244612 244612 200000 6 21108045 M/s Sri Sai Stone KONDAGANGU 309 RM&BS 1, 5 VEPADA 2/19/2008 2/18/2018 ------297227 297227 250000 1 Crusher PUDI 21108045 M/s Sri Adhitya KONDAGANGU 310 RM&BS 01, 5 VEPADA 2/19/2008 2/18/2018 ------2 Stone Crusher PUDI 311 21109014 Sri Y. Naresh RM&BS 45, 4.5 PEDADUNGADA VEPADA 7/14/2009 7/13/2019 2340 3000 3000 276809 276809 225000

115

District Survey Report - 2018

1 Kumar M/s Divya 21114042 312 Anjaneya Stone RM&BS 7, 2.5 PEDADUNGADA VEPADA 1/27/2014 1/26/2024 918 1662 1992 125000 125000 149400 8 Crusher 21109029 Sri S.Durga Siva 313 RM&BS 45, 4.5 PEDADUNGADA VEPADA 7/15/2009 7/14/2019 2050 2910 -- 225000 225000 -- 8 Prasad 21110030 M/s Mahaveer 12/20/202 603450 356574 314 RM&BS 07,, 17.64 PEDADUNGADA VEPADA 7/15/2013 89100 45845 48144 6034500 0 Aggregates LLP, 0 0 5 21108035 Smt P. Surya 315 RM&BS 07, 2 PEDADUNGADA VEPADA 6/16/2008 6/15/2018 830 1333 1330 -- -- 99910 3 Kumari 21108030 Smt Y. Venkata 316 RM&BS 62, 4 PEDADUNGADA VEPADA 4/26/2008 4/25/2018 2082 2666 3832 246052 246052 199998 5 Laxmi 21114029 24/03/202 317 Sri J.V.K.Murthy RM&BS 7, 2.3 PEDADUNGADA VEPADA 25/03/2014 827 300 -- 115000 115000 -- 9 4 21114037 Sri P. Venkata Koti 318 RM&BS 7, 1.8 PEDADUNGADA VEPADA 1/27/2014 1/26/2024 664 1200 1800 90000 90000 90000 7 Prasad 21114041 Smt A. Appala 319 RM&BS 7, 2.4 PEDADUNGADA VEPADA 3/14/2014 3/13/2024 847 1600 1820 -- -- 120000 0 Narasamma 21114042 Sri A.Koteswara 320 RM&BS 7,, 2.3 PEDADUNGADA VEPADA 1/27/2014 1/26/2024 918 1530 1536 115000 115000 115200 7 Rao 21114040 321 Smt P. Padma RM&BS 7, 2.3 PEDADUNGADA VEPADA 1/27/2014 1/26/2024 840 -- -- 115000 115000 115000 5 21114021 Sri G. Vijaya Siva 322 RM&BS 7, 1.8 PEDADUNGADA VEPADA 4/3/2014 4/2/2024 ------0 Kumar 21114037 Sri K. Srinivasa 323 RM&BS 7, 2.5 PEDADUNGADA VEPADA 1/27/2014 1/26/2024 1018 1667 2232 125000 125000 125000 8 Rao 21114029 Sri G.Chandra 324 RM&BS 7, 1.8 PEDADUNGADA VEPADA 9/14/2015 1/26/2024 1324 1200 1200 90000 90000 89979 7 Sekhar Varma M/s Kanaka 21114030 325 Mahalaxmi Stone RM&BS 07, 2 PEDADUNGADA VEPADA 1/27/2014 1/26/2024 733 ------3 Crusher 326 Sri D.Joginaidu RM&BS 45 4 PEDADUNGADA VEPADA 3/28/2017 3/27/2027 ------M/s Pragathi 21108030 327 Aqua & Mineral RM&BS 7 5 PEDADUNGADA VEPADA 05.11.2007 04.11.2017 -- -- 5110 -- -- 939338 4 Products Pvt Ltd 328 21114035 Sri P.Raghu 7 7.6 PEDADUNGADA VEPADA 3300 -- 6566 380000 380000 451211

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District Survey Report - 2018

6 21115044 329 Sri K.Nagi Reddy 7 2 PEDADUNGADA VEPADA 730 100 -- 100000 100000 -- 0 21114030 M/s Bahupada 26/01/202 330 RM&BS 07, PEDADUNGADA VEPADA 27/01/2014 1000 ------9 Stone Crusher 4 21114020 Sri 26/01/202 331 RM&BS 7, PEDADUNGADA VEPADA 27/01/2014 733 ------8 M.Simhachalam 4 21112021 Sri V. Divakara PEDAKRISHNAR 332 RM&BS 1,, 6 VEPADA 1/9/2011 1/8/2021 3450 3900 3950 300000 300000 299762 5 Rao AJAPURAM 21112012 PEDAKRISHNAR 333 Sri B.Adinarayana RM&BS 1, 2.33 VEPADA 1/9/2011 1/8/2021 1700 1550 1550 146000 146000 116130 6 AJAPURAM 21111030 PEDAKRISHNAR 334 Smt V. Kalyani RM&BS 01, 3 VEPADA 1/9/2011 1/8/2021 1900 1800 2000 150000 150000 147600 1 AJAPURAM 21114019 RAMASWAMIPE 335 Sri B. Chiranjeevi RM&BS 20, 0.5 VEPADA 4/23/2012 4/22/2022 1350 300 -- 71138 71138 -- 1 TA 21115039 RAMASWAMIPE 336 Sri B. Chiranjeevi RM&BS 20, 0.5 VEPADA 4/19/2015 4/18/2025 2100 300 -- 106950 106950 -- 9 TA M/s Veeranjaneya 21108008 RAMASWAMIPE 10/19/201 337 Blue Stone RM&BS 20, 0.5 VEPADA 10/20/2007 300 340 360 35000 35000 21328 0 TA 7 Crusher 21107015 Sri G. Sree RAMASWAMIPE 12/18/201 338 RM&BS 20, 1 VEPADA 12/19/2006 630 300 -- 62149 62149 -- 7 Ramulu Naidu TA 6 21107019 Sri K.Chinna Appa RAMASWAMIPE 339 RM&BS 20, 0.9 VEPADA 12/7/2007 12/6/2017 750 600 -- 83000 83000 -- 4 Rao TA Sri P. 21115041 RAMASWAMIPE 340 Venkateswara RM&BS 20, 2 VEPADA 6/9/2015 6/8/2025 1050 900 -- 100000 100000 -- 2 TA Rao 21114038 Sri A.R.S.K.V.Appa RAMASWAMIPE 12/18/202 341 RM&BS 20, 1 VEPADA 12/19/2014 1800 600 -- 130500 130500 -- 2 Rao TA 4 21197034 RAMASWAMIPE 342 Sri.A.Appa Rao, RM&BS 20, 1 VEPADA 10/10/1997 10/9/2012 ------2 TA 21105019 RAMASWAMIPE 343 Sri B. Chiranjeevi RM&BS 20, 0.5 VEPADA 4/19/2005 4/18/2015 ------2 TA 21107019 RAMASWAMIPE 344 Sri B.Chiranjeevi RM&BS 20, 0.5 VEPADA 12/7/2007 12/6/2017 1800 300 -- 106900 106900 -- 3 TA 345 21113016 M/s Padmavathi RM&BS 20, 1 RAMASWAMIPE VEPADA 3/4/2010 3/3/2020 1156 1352 2006 118000 118000 99908

117

District Survey Report - 2018

0 Stone Crusher TA 21107031 Sri G.Sreeramulu RAMASWAMIPE 346 20 1 VEPADA 498 300 -- 10000 10000 49832 0 Naidu TA BUILDIN G 21113048 Ms Sri Devi RAMASWAMIPE 347 STONE,R 20 3 VEPADA -- -- 2400 -- -- 149733 0 Industries TA OAD METAL 21109015 S.KOTASEETHA 348 Sri M. Ramu RM&BS 01,, 1.2 VEPADA 2/16/2009 2/15/2019 ------6 RAMPURAM 21109012 S.KOTASEETHA 349 Sri P.Adi Babu RM&BS 01, 1.2 VEPADA 4/30/2009 4/29/2019 ------8 RAMPURAM 21116044 M/s Parameswari 310942 350 RM&BS 7, 0.6 SOMPURAM VEPADA 2/29/2016 5/29/2025 546 2400 2700 40864 40864 5 Stone Crusher 4 21115040 M/s Parameswari 351 RM&BS 7, 0.5 SOMPURAM VEPADA 5/30/2015 5/29/2030 4500 2400 3600 311250 311250 270000 8 Stone Crusher 21195033 352 Sri K.Deva Raju RM&BS 7, 0.5 SOMPURAM VEPADA 9/18/1995 10/4/2005 ------2 21196035 Sri M.V.V.S.N. 353 RM&BS 7, 0.5 SOMPURAM VEPADA 5/23/1996 6/17/2016 450 -- -- 25000 25000 -- 0 Murthy M/s 21195044 Neeranjaneya 354 RM&BS 7, 0.5 SOMPURAM VEPADA 8/24/1995 2/4/2025 150 1200 900 25000 25000 42500 7 Black Stone Crusher 21196035 Sri 355 RM&BS 7, 1 SOMPURAM VEPADA 5/3/1996 6/17/2016 370 666 666 50000 50000 -- 8 R.V.Raghavaiah 21198033 356 Sri K.Raju RM&BS 7, 1 SOMPURAM VEPADA 7/1/1998 6/17/2016 ------50000 50000 -- 1 M/s Veeranjaneya 21198008 357 Blue Stone RM&BS 7, 2 SOMPURAM VEPADA 11/11/1998 7/11/2023 6390 7632 4680 450000 450000 251000 1 Crusher 21198037 10/26/201 358 Smt G. Sri Devi RM&BS 7, 2 SOMPURAM VEPADA 2/5/1998 1650 2400 1500 143400 143400 12500 9 7 21101038 Smt K. Krishna RM&BS, 359 7, 0.5 SOMPURAM VEPADA 10/7/2001 10/6/2006 1200 600 -- 76600 76600 -- 0 Kumari SELECT 360 21102034 Sri M. Raja RM&BS 7, 0.5 SOMPURAM VEPADA 4/23/2002 10/6/2016 1200 750 -- 68930 68930 --

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District Survey Report - 2018

9 Sudhakar 21103035 Sri M. Srinivasa 361 RM&BS 7, 1 SOMPURAM VEPADA 1/4/2003 9/5/2023 2700 2250 1350 188450 188450 78750 1 Rao 21117047 Sri K.Ramana 362 RM&BS 7 1.41 SOMPURAM VEPADA 4/4/2017 3/4/2027 -- -- 1200 -- -- 90000 5 Murthy 21198044 363 Smt N. Ammaji RM&BS 7, 0.5 SOMPURAM VEPADA 7/20/1998 6/17/2016 100 330 300 25000 25000 -- 8 M/s Sri 21109017 SRUNGARAVAP 364 Veeranjaneya RM&BS 1,,, 1.2 VEPADA 7/2/2016 2/2/2019 -- 810 810 -- -- 60750 2 U K.S.RAM Mineral Products 21109045 M/s Surya Black SRUNGARAVAP 365 RM&BS 1, 1.2 VEPADA 2/6/2009 2/5/2019 ------60000 60000 60000 0 Stone Crusher U K.S.RAM M/s Veeranjaneya 21109008 SRUNGARAVAP 366 Blue Stone RM&BS 1, 1.2 VEPADA 2/3/2009 2/2/2024 750 1110 900 60000 60000 67500 2 U K.S.RAM Crusher 21112007 M/s Veeranjaneya SRUNGARAVAP 367 RM&BS 1 1.2 VEPADA 27/03/2012 2/2/2019 1050 909 900 60000 60000 67500 9 Mineral Products U K.S.RAM 21117046 SRUNGARAVAP 368 Sri V. Divakar Rao RM&BS 1 1 VEPADA 2/16/2017 2/15/2027 -- -- 600 -- -- 56028 8 U K.S.RAM M/s Chiranjeevi 21109044 SRUNGARAVAP 369 Black Stone RM&BS 1, 1.2 VEPADA 2/7/2009 2/6/2024 300 2250 6900 60000 60000 517500 6 U K.S.RAM Crusher 21109044 Sri SRUNGARAVAP 370 RM&BS 1, 1.2 VEPADA 2/6/2009 2/5/2019 ------60000 60000 -- 9 M.Satyanarayana U K.S.RAM 21112007 M/s Veeranjaneya SRUNGARAVAP 371 RM&BS 1, 1.2 VEPADA 3/27/2012 2/2/2019 900 960 900 60000 60000 65990 6 Mineral Products U K.S.RAM 21112007 M/s Veeranjaneya SRUNGARAVAP 372 RM&BS 1 1.2 VEPADA 3/27/2012 2/2/2019 900 960 900 60000 60000 75000 7 Mineral Products U K.S.RAM 21112007 M/s Veeranjaneya SRUNGARAVAP 373 RM&BS 1, 1.2 VEPADA 3/27/2012 2/2/2019 1050 960 900 60000 60000 67500 8 Mineral Products U K.S.RAM 21114021 Sri G. Pathrudu 374 RM&BS 58, 1.5 VAVILAPADU VEPADA 4/30/2014 4/29/2024 ------4 Naidu Sri 21113030 375 G.Jagannadham RM&BS 58, 3.5 VAVILAPADU VEPADA 11/8/2013 11/7/2023 1200 2650 3133 -- -- 175000 8 Naidu 376 21115039 M/s Sri Ganesh RM&BS 06, 11 VEELUPARTHI VEPADA 5/4/2015 5/20/2019 28750 54600 8832 2403750 240375 550000

119

District Survey Report - 2018

5 Sai Granites & 0 Minerals 21109035 377 Sri P. Malika Devi RM&BS 6, 4 VEELUPARTHI VEPADA 7/2/2009 3/22/2019 -- 4050 11632 200000 200000 708400 4 21108045 Sri K.Bhanu 10/22/201 378 RM&BS 01, 0.5 VELDAM VEPADA 10/23/2008 -- 300 312 ------8 Chowdary 8 21115043 Sri K.Himakara 379 10 3 VELDAM VEPADA 1100 -- -- 150083 150083 -- 7 Bhaskara Reddy 21115043 RM&BS, 380 Sri K. Nagi Reddy 122, 1.34 VEPADA VEPADA 8/5/2015 8/4/2025 490 100 -- 67000 67000 -- 8 GRAVEL 21117047 BS & 381 K. Rambabu 162, 3 KORUKONDA VIZIANAGARAM 10/4/2017 9/4/2027 -- -- 9350 -- -- 280500 6 GRAVEL 21110029 Smt M.Venkata BS & 382 162, 0.5 KORUKONDA VIZIANAGARAM 5/26/2010 5/25/2020 -- 150 1000 -- -- 7000 1 Ratnam GRAVEL BS & 180/1, 383 CH.G.V.Rathnam 1.67 VIZIANAGARAM VIZIANAGARAM 28.01.2010 27.01.2020 ------GRAVEL 180/2

120

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District Survey Report - 2018

References

. APSAC (2017a) Project Report on A.P. Road Information System, 26p. . APSAC (2017b) Identification of potential sites for aquaculture development in coastal districts of Andhra Pradesh using high resolution satellite data, Project Report, 191p. . APSAC (2017c) Ground Water Quality Mapping of Andhra Pradesh, Technical Report, 40p. . CGWB (2013) Ground Water Brochure, Vizianagaram District, Andhra Pradesh, Ministry of Water Resources, Government of India. . DES (2015) Hand Book of Statistics, Vizianagaram District, Chief Planning Officer, Vizianagaram District . DMG ( ) District Survey Report, Vizianagaram District . Geological Survey of India (GSI) (2000) District Resource Map, Vizianagaram District, Andhra Pradesh . NRSA (2006) Manual of National Land Use Land Cover Mapping Using Multi-Temporal Satellite Data. National Remote Sensing Centre, Department of Space, Government of India, Hyderabad. . NRSA (2007) Ground Water Prospects Mapping Using Remote Sensing Techniques and Geographic Information System, Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission Project, Phase-III, Manual, 222p. . NRSC (2009) Space Based Information Support for Decentralized Planning (SIS-DP), Manual, 214p. . NRSC (2011) Ground Water Quality Mapping (RGNDWM), Methodology Manual, 75p.

DMG, GoAP