Naomi J. Halas
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Gold Nanoshells
Nuclear Medicine and Biomedical Imaging Research Article Gold nanoshells: A ray of hope in cancer diagnosis and treatment Shanbhag PP*, Iyer V and Shetty T Saraswathi Vidya Bhavans College of Pharmacy, University of Mumbai, India Abstract Ideal properties of gold nanoshell has resulted in making it a ray of hope in biomedical areas such as targeted drug delivery, cancer detection and treatment and in eliminating tumors without harming normal healthy cells. Gold nanoshells are spherical particles with diameter ranging from 10-200 nm consisting of a dielectric core that is covered by a thin metallic shell of gold. An important role of gold nanoparticle based agents is their multifunctional nature. This review focuses on physics, synthesis and biomedical applications of gold nanoshells due to their inert nature, non-cytotoxicity and biocompatibility. Introduction Advantages The discovery of nanoshell was made by Professor Naomi J. 1. Biocompatibility Halas and her team at Rice University in 2003 [1,2]. Nanotechnologies Non-cytotoxicity can be defined as design, characterization, production and application 2. of structures, devices and systems by controlling shape and size at a 3. Bio sensing application nanometer scale [2,3]. Gold nanoparticles show different shapes as shown in Figure 1 [3]. 4. Protection of drugs from being degraded in the body before they reach their target site Nanoshell particles comprise of special class of nanocomposite materials [4]. Gold nanoshells are spherical nanoparticles composed 5. Enhance drug absorption into tumors and cancerous cells of a dielectric core which is covered by a thin gold shell with tunable 6. Prevention of drugs from interacting with normal cells, thus optical resonances [5,6]. -
PQE-2019 — Invited and Plenary Talks
PQE-2019 — Invited and Plenary Talks Monday, January 7, 2019 Monday Morning Plenary Session 1 Location: Ballrooms 1 and 2 — Marlan Scully, Chair 7:30 Jeff Kimble, California Institute of Technology, “Quantum matter built from nanoscopic lattices of atoms and photons” 8:00 Johann Peter Reithmaier, University of Kassel, “Atom-Like Optical Gain Materials for Advanced Optoelectronics” 8:30 Matthew Pelton, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, “Cavity QED Using Single Quantum Dots and Plasmon Resonances” Monday Morning Invited Session 1 Breakout Session 1: Quantum Optics with Arrays of Atoms and Photons. Location: Ballroom 1 — Jeff Kimble, Chair 9:10 Ana Asenjo-Garcia, Columbia University, “Collective dissipation: going beyond two-level atoms” 9:30 Chen-Lung Hung, Purdue University, “Trapping and imaging single atoms on a microring photonic circuit with optical tweezers” 9:50 Alex Burgers, California Institute of Technology, “Engineering Atom-Light Interactions with Pho- tonic Crystal Waveguides” 10:10 Jeff Thompson, Princeton University, “Ytterbium atom arrays in optical tweezers” Breakout Session 2: Quantum Dot Lasers. Location: Magpie A — Johann Peter Reithmaier, Chair 9:10 Yasuhiko Arakawa, The University of Tokyo, “Advances in quantum dot lasers for silicon photonics” 9:30 Gadi Eisenstein, Technion, “Carrier dynamics in InAs/InP quantum dot - tunneling injection gain media” 9:50 John Bowers, University of California Santa Barbara, “Mode-Locked Quantum Dot Lasers Epi- taxially Grown on Si” 10:10 Frederic Grillot, Telecom Paristech, “Quantum -
What's the Buzz About Nano?
What’s the buzz about nano? Peter Grutter Supported by NSERC, FQRNT, CFI, CIAR, CIHR, NanoQuebec, IBM, GenomeQuebec, James McGill Fellowship P. Grutter Science Fiction: Convergence: GMO, AI & nano 7of 9 on Star Trek Doc Ock (Spiderman) Nano sells! Guess: Nano (yellow/pink patent) nanopants When nanopants attack Nanocube So – what is nano? 1. Making mundane, ordinary science and/or delusional scientific concepts sound like revolutionary scientific “innovations” and/or look feasible by putting the word “nano” somewhere in the text. 2. A flim-flam method of extracting grants from gullible and clueless scientific funding bodies based on minimal scientific substance and giving little in scientific return. http://lachlan.bluehaze.com.au/nanoshite/ How big is a nanometer? What enables Nanoscience and Nanotechnology? New tools!!! • Drive discoveries • Enable technology • Are a high value added business opportunity Storing information atom by atom Ultra high density (Library of Congress on a pin head) Ultra slow (needs life time of universe to write) Huge footprint (UHV 4K STM) D. Eigler, IBM Almaden Small is different Scaling law Small is different Breakdown of scaling Scaling law Nano: Renaissance Science ! size solid state physics & engineering nm biology chemistry time now! nm “Labors of the Months” (Norwich, England, ca. 1480). (The ruby color is probably due to embedded gold nanoparticles.) Nano materials in labeling • High throughput multiplexed assays (‘nano bar code’) • Optical tracking on a cellular level with tagged CdSe quantum Basis: size dependent emission dots: which gene is color of ZnS capped CdSe active? nano particles The Benefits of Nanotech: Nanoshell Cancer Therapy Gold Nanoshells Are biocompatible silica core Small enough to pass through circulatory system gold shell Easily attached to antibodies for specific cellular targeting 10-300 nm diameter Are strong absorbers of light in the near infrared, where light penetrates up to 7 cm into the human body Courtesy of Prof. -
Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering on Tunable Plasmonic Nanoparticle Substrates
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering on tunable plasmonic nanoparticle substrates J. B. Jackson*†‡ and N. J. Halas†‡§¶ሻ Departments of *Physics and Astronomy, §Electrical and Computer Engineering, and ¶Chemistry, †Laboratory of Nanophotonics, and ‡Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005 Communicated by James L. Kinsey, Rice University, Houston, TX, November 8, 2004 (received for review August 13, 2004) Au and Ag nanoshells are investigated as substrates for surface- the development of precisely designed nano-optical components enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). We find that SERS enhance- for SERS and other applications. ments on nanoshell films are dramatically different from those Independent control of the core and shell dimensions of observed on colloidal aggregates, specifically that the Raman nanoshells offers a valuable opportunity to systematically con- enhancement follows the plasmon resonance of the individual trol the plasmon resonance frequency of a nanostructure. The nanoparticles. Comparative finite difference time domain calcula- plasmon resonant frequency of a nanoshell can be tuned from tions of fields at the surface of smooth and roughened nanoshells the visible region of the spectrum into the infrared (19, 22–25), reveal that surface roughness contributes only slightly to the total giving rise to a host of useful applications (26–29). The plasmon enhancement. SERS enhancements as large as 2.5 ؋ 1010 on Ag resonances for Au and Ag nanoshells in this wavelength region nanoshell films for the nonresonant molecule p-mercaptoaniline are quite similar (22). The tunable plasmon frequency allows us are measured. to design substrates with plasmon resonances shifted far away from the electronic resonances of an adsorbate molecule, pro- nanoparticles ͉ nanoshells ͉ plasmons ͉ spectroscopy viding a strategy for separating the electromagnetic from the chemical effects in SERS. -
2013 NCI Alliance for Nanotechnology in Cancer Annual Bulletin EDITOR-IN-CHIEF
2013 NCI Alliance for Nanotechnology in Cancer Annual Bulletin EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Piotr Grodzinski (NCI) SENIOR EDITOR Stephanie A. Morris (NCI) ASSOCIATE EDITOR(S) Dorothy Farrell (NCI) Lynn Hull (NCI) Mary Spiro (JHU) CONTRIBUTORS Martha Alexander (Rice CNPP) Michelle Berny-Lang (NCI) Dorothy Farrell (NCI) Emily Greenspan (NCI) Piotr Grodzinski (NCI) George Hinkal (NCI) Brenda Hugot (Boston CNTC) Lynn Hull (NCI) Contents Hannah Kim (Texas CCNE) 1 Introduction Julia Ljubimova (Cedars-Sinai CNPP) NIH Funding Opportunities Extend the Range Laura A. Miller (UIUC CNTC) 2 of Cancer Nanotechnology in Biomedical Research Sarah H. Petrosko (Northwestern CCNE) Mary Spiro (Johns Hopkins CCNE & CNTC) 6 Alliance Working Groups Provide Their Opinions to the Nanotechnology Community Li Tang (UIUC CNTC) Biana Godin Vilentchouk (Texas CCNE) 8 Crowdsourcing and the Dialogue Matthew Ware (Texas CCNE) on Nanotechnology in Cancer 9 Nano in the News DESIGN Danielle Peterson, Brio Design 12 Alliance Transitions INTRODUCTION BY DOROTHY FARRELL The third year of Phase II of the NCI Alliance for Nanotechnology These efforts included crowdsourcing strategies coordinated in Cancer was a busy and productive one for the Alliance. through a dedicated website (nanocancer.ideascale.com) and a Our investigators published over 300 papers in 2013, bringing Request for Information on the Directions and Needs for Cancer the total number of Alliance publications over the past three Nanotechnology (grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/notice-files/ years to approximately 1,100. Alliance research continues to NOT-CA-13-017.html). The insights gained through these forums be high profile and high impact, as measured by the quality are discussed in the Crowdsourcing section of the Bulletin. -
Nanomedicine and Medical Nanorobotics - Robert A
BIOTECHNOLOGY– Vol .XII – Nanomedicine and Medical nanorobotics - Robert A. Freitas Jr. NANOMEDICINE AND MEDICAL NANOROBOTICS Robert A. Freitas Jr. Institute for Molecular Manufacturing, Palo Alto, California, USA Keywords: Assembly, Nanomaterials, Nanomedicine, Nanorobot, Nanorobotics, Nanotechnology Contents 1. Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine 2. Medical Nanomaterials and Nanodevices 2.1. Nanopores 2.2. Artificial Binding Sites and Molecular Imprinting 2.3. Quantum Dots and Nanocrystals 2.4. Fullerenes and Nanotubes 2.5. Nanoshells and Magnetic Nanoprobes 2.6. Targeted Nanoparticles and Smart Drugs 2.7. Dendrimers and Dendrimer-Based Devices 2.8. Radio-Controlled Biomolecules 3. Microscale Biological Robots 4. Medical Nanorobotics 4.1. Early Thinking in Medical Nanorobotics 4.2. Nanorobot Parts and Components 4.3. Self-Assembly and Directed Parts Assembly 4.4. Positional Assembly and Molecular Manufacturing 4.5. Medical Nanorobot Designs and Scaling Studies Acknowledgments Bibliography Biographical Sketch Summary Nanomedicine is the process of diagnosing, treating, and preventing disease and traumatic injury, of relieving pain, and of preserving and improving human health, using molecular tools and molecular knowledge of the human body. UNESCO – EOLSS In the relatively near term, nanomedicine can address many important medical problems by using nanoscale-structured materials and simple nanodevices that can be manufactured SAMPLEtoday, including the interaction CHAPTERS of nanostructured materials with biological systems. In the mid-term, biotechnology will make possible even more remarkable advances in molecular medicine and biobotics, including microbiological biorobots or engineered organisms. In the longer term, perhaps 10-20 years from today, the earliest molecular machine systems and nanorobots may join the medical armamentarium, finally giving physicians the most potent tools imaginable to conquer human disease, ill-health, and aging. -
Near-Infrared Remotely Triggered Drug-Release Strategies for Cancer Treatment
Near-infrared remotely triggered drug-release strategies for cancer treatment Amanda M. Goodmana, Oara Neumannb, Kamilla Nørregaardc, Luke Hendersona, Mi-Ran Choid, Susan E. Clared, and Naomi J. Halasa,b,e,f,1 aDepartment of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005; bDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005; cThe Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; dDepartment of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611; eDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005; and fDepartment of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005 Contributed by Naomi J. Halas, October 6, 2017 (sent for review July 24, 2017; reviewed by Omid C. Farokhzad and Vincent Rotello) Remotely controlled, localized drug delivery is highly desirable for known highly effective drugs that could otherwise induce toxicity potentially minimizing the systemic toxicity induced by the admin- at high systemic doses. istration of typically hydrophobic chemotherapy drugs by conven- A wide range of host molecules have been developed to pro- tional means. Nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems provide a vide specific binding of therapeutic molecules for nanoparticle- highly promising approach for localized drug delivery, and are an based drug delivery (18–21). DNA and proteins are of particular emerging field of interest in cancer treatment. Here, we demon- interest, since they can be readily conjugated for attachment to strate near-IR light-triggered release of two drug molecules from gold nanoparticle surfaces, and their structures can be tailored – – both DNA-based and protein-based hosts that have been conju- for uptake of drug molecules in a host guest manner (22 24). -
Nonclassical Vibration Analysis of Piezoelectric Nanosensor Conveying Viscous Fluid
WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on APPLIED and THEORETICAL MECHANICS Sayyid H. Hashemi Kachapi Nonclassical vibration analysis of piezoelectric nanosensor conveying viscous fluid SAYYID H. HASHEMI KACHAPI Department of Mechanical Engineering Babol Noshirvani University of Technology Shariati Street, Babol, Mazandaran 47148-71167 [email protected], IRAN Abstract: - In this paper, the natural frequency, critical fluid velocity and stability analysis of piezoelectric biomedical nanosensor (PBMNS) based on cylindrical nanoshell conveying viscous fluid is investigated using the electro-elastic Gurtin–Murdoch surface/interface theory. This system subjected to nonlinear electrostatic field and viscoelastic medium including visco-pasternak and damping coefficients. Hamilton’s principle and the assumed mode method combined with Euler – Lagrange is used for the governing equations and boundary conditions. It is shown that fluid velocity due to motion of biomarkers has major unpredictable effects on natural frequency and critical fluid velocity of the system and one should precisely consider their effects. Key-Words: - Piezoelectric biomedical nanosensor, Natural frequency, Instability, Critical fluid velocity, Nanoshell, Gurtin–Murdoch surface/interface theory, Electrostatic force, Visco-Pasternak medium. 1 Introduction 11]. Also, a nanosensor is proposed for detection of Nanotechnology is a multidisciplinary branch of cancer cells located in a particular region of a blood science which encompasses numerous diverse fields vessel [12] and for detection of cancer biomarkers in of science and technology, pharmaceutical, serum at ultralow concentrations [13]. Recently, a agricultural, environmental, advanced materials, research project will lead to development of a new chemical science, physics, electronics, information category of nanometer-sized chemical and technology, and specially biomedical fields such as biological sensors that are compatible with the imaging agents, drug delivery vehicle, diagnostic intracellular environment and will enable new tools, etc. -
The Nanobank Database Is Available at for Free Use for Research Purposes
Forthcoming: Annals of Economics and Statistics (Annales d’Economie et Statistique), Issue 115/116, in press 2014 NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES COMMUNITYWIDE DATABASE DESIGNS FOR TRACKING INNOVATION IMPACT: COMETS, STARS AND NANOBANK Lynne G. Zucker Michael R. Darby Jason Fong Working Paper No. 17404 http://www.nber.org/papers/w17404 NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138 September 2011 Revised March 2014 The construction of Nanobank was supported under major grants from the National Science Foundation (SES- 0304727 and SES-0531146) and the University of California’s Industry-University Cooperative Research Program (PP9902, P00-04, P01-02, and P03-01). Additional support was received from the California NanoSystems Institute, Sun Microsystems, Inc., UCLA’s International Institute, and from the UCLA Anderson School’s Center for International Business Education and Research (CIBER) and the Harold Price Center for Entrepreneurial Studies. The COMETS database (also known as the Science and Technology Agents of Revolution or STARS database) is being constructed for public research use under major grants from the Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation (2008- 0028 and 2008-0031) and the Science of Science and Innovation Policy (SciSIP) Program at the National Science Foundation (grants SES-0830983 and SES-1158907) with support from other agencies. Our colleague Jonathan Furner of the UCLA Department of Information Studies played a leading role in developing the methodology for selecting records for Nanobank. We are indebted to our scientific and policy advisors Roy Doumani, James R. Heath, Evelyn Hu, Carlo Montemagno, Roger Noll, and Fraser Stoddart, and to our research team, especially Amarita Natt, Hsing-Hau Chen, Robert Liu, Hongyan Ma, Emre Uyar, and Stephanie Hwang Der. -
Federico Capasso
Federico Capasso ADDRESS: John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University 205 A Pierce Hall 29 Oxford Street Cambridge MA 02138 PHONE: (617) 384-7611 FAX: (617) 495-2875 EMAIL: [email protected] PERSONAL: Married; two children CITIZENSHIP: Italian and U.S. (Naturalized; 09/23/1992) EDUCATION: 1973 Doctor of Physics, Summa Cum Laude University of Rome, La Sapienza, Italy 1973-1974 Postdoctoral Fellow Fondazione Bordoni, Rome, Italy ACADEMIC APPOINTMENTS Jan. 2003- Present Robert Wallace Professor of Applied Physics Vinton Hayes Senior Research Fellow in Electrical Engineering, John A. Paulson, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, PROFESSIONAL POSITIONS: 2000 – 2002 Vice President of Physical Research, Bell Laboratories Lucent Technologies, Murray Hill, NJ 1997- 2000 Department Head, Semiconductor Physics Research, Bell Laboratories Lucent Technologies, Murray Hill, NJ. 1987- 1997 Department Head, Quantum Phenomena and Device Research, Bell Laboratories Lucent Technologies (formerly AT&T Bell Labs, until 1996), Murray Hill, NJ 1984 – 1987 Distinguished Member of Technical Staff, Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, NJ 1977 – 1984 Member of Technical Staff, Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, NJ 1976 – 1977 Visiting Scientist, Bell Laboratories, Holmdel, NJ 1974 – 1976 Research Physicist, Fondazione Bordoni, Rome, Italy Citations (Google Scholar) Over 93000 H-index (Google Scholar) 144 Publications Over 500 hundred peer reviewed journals Patents 70 US patents KEY ACHIEVEMENTS 1. Bandstructure Engineering and Quantum Cascade Lasers (QCLs) Capasso and his Bell Labs collaborators over a 20-year period pioneered band-structure engineering, a technique to design and implement artificially structured (“man-made”) semiconductor, materials, and related phenomena/ devices, which revolutionized heterojunction devices in photonics and electronics. -
A New Era for Cancer Treatment: Goldnanoparticlemediated Thermal Therapies
Photothermal Therapy A New Era for Cancer Treatment: Gold-Nanoparticle- Mediated Thermal Therapies Laura C. Kennedy , Lissett R. Bickford , Nastassja A. Lewinski , Andrew J. Coughlin , Ying Hu , Emily S. Day , Jennifer L. West , * and Rebekah A. Drezek * From the Contents 1. Introduction . 2 N anotechnology-based cancer treatment approaches potentially provide localized, targeted therapies that 2. Gold Nanoparticle Design for Photothermal Therapy Applications . 2 aim to enhance effi cacy, reduce side effects, and improve patient quality of life. Gold-nanoparticle-mediated 3. Opportunity #1: Methods to Provide hyperthermia shows particular promise in animal studies, Irradiating Energy to the Tumor. 5 and early clinical testing is currently underway. In this 4. Opportunity #2: Enhancing In-vivo article, the rapidly evolving fi eld of gold nanoparticle Delivery and Biodistribution of Gold thermal therapy is reviewed, highlighting recent literature Nanoparticles . 8 and describing current challenges to clinical translation of the technology. 5. Opportunity #3: Understanding Impact of Gold Nanoparticle Use In vivo . 12 6. Conclusion. 13 small 2010, X, No. XX, 1–15 © 2010 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim wileyonlinelibrary.com 1 reviews L. C. Kennedy et al. 1. Introduction 2. Gold Nanoparticle Design for Photothermal In 2010, the National Institutes of Health estimates that Therapy Applications more than 1.5 million new cases of cancer will have been A diverse range of gold nanoparticles have been explored diagnosed in the United States, with an overall projected cost for use in therapy and imaging applications. Key features to con- [1] of US$263.8 billion. The development of new approaches sider when selecting a particle for hyperthermia are the wave- to improve screening, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer is length of maximal absorption, the absorption cross-section, and an area of intensive research spending and has generated the size of the particle. -
The 2018 Edward Noble Kramer Distinguished Interdisciplinary
Edward Noble Kramer was born April 17, 1908 in Cambridge, Wisconsin but grew up in the small town of Oregon, Wisconsin, just south of Madison, where his parents ran a printing business and published the The 2018 Edward Noble Kramer weekly newspaper, the Oregon Observer. He received his BS and MS degrees in chemistry from Distinguished Interdisciplinary Lecture the University of Wisconsin- Madison and after one year as instructor in chemistry at the University of Wisconsin- Extension at Milwaukee, returned to Madison and completed his PhD in chemistry in Professor Naomi J. Halas 1933 at the age of 25. At UW-Madison he was coxswain of the freshman crew and a member of the Department of Electrical and Computer marching band. He was hired by the DuPont Engineering Company at a time that DuPont had started to Rice University develop a new business to manufacture titanium dioxide white pigment. Over the span of his 40 year career at DuPont Dr. Kramer was intimately involved in the From Faraday to tomorrow: the Growing chemistry, chemical process engineering, physics and materials science of producing titanium dioxide nanoparticles of optimum size, crystal structure and surface Importance and Impact of Metallic characteristics to be effective paint additives. He had a major role in development of the chloride process for producing the rutile form of titanium dioxide, an exceptionally efficient Nanoparticles and controllable process used to produce almost all commercial titanium dioxide. When he retired in 1973 Dr. Kramer was in charge of all technical aspects of the Pigments Department of the DuPont Company. Tuesday, September 18, 2018 Since Dr.