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PPOCEEDING.5 lrll. q■p■si■■ ■■ s■all •■■p■lers i■ Ille ar1I OCTOBER 14-16 1983 PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA SPONSORED BY : IEEE COMPUTER SOCIET Y and IEEE PHILADELPHIA SECTION ✓~,/ / , -•''' a""·, ~ ~ . ~.~"" '' ·~ I . {'~/·! .' . ,· . (}) . - ~ ISBN 0-8186-0499-9 IEEE CATALOG NO. 83CH1930-7 LIBRARY OF CONGESS NO.83- 81625 IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY ORDER NO. 499 THE INSTITUTE OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS. INC. COMPUTER :!.~~9..§..:. SOCIETY~ PRESS ~ • PPOCEEDINGS lnl ■ lll■llllsill■ • ■■all ■111q111111rs i■ 11111 arl■ OCTOBER 14-16 1983 PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA SPONSORED BY: IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY and IEEE PHILADELPHIA SECTION ~-·,///~~­ " ,,, ~ V. COMPUTER 1891-..BY THE INSTITUTE OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS, INC SOCIETY~ AChlWll'l'O#ntcTJll(:AI.- PRESS ~ ISBN 0-8186-0499-9 IEEE CATALOG NO. 83CH1930-7 LIBRARY OF CONGESS NO.83-81625 IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY ORDER NO. 499 Order from: IEEE Computer Society IEEE Service Center Post Office Box 80452 445 Hoes Lane Worldway Postal Center Piscataway, NJ 08854 Los Angeles, CA 90080 The papers appearing in this book comprise the proceedings of the meeting mentioned on the cover and title page. They reflect the authors' opinions and are published as presented and with­ out change, in the interests of timely dissemination. Their inclusion in this publication does not necessarily constitute endorsement by the editors, IEEE Computer Society Press, or the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Published by IEEE Computer Society Press 1109 Spring Street Suite 300 Silver Spring, MD 20910 Copyright and Reprint Permissions: Abstracting is permitted with credit to the source. Libraries are permitted to photocopy beyond the limits of U.S. copyright law for private use of patrons those articles in this volume that carry a code at the bottom of the first page, provided the per-copy fee indicated in the code is paid through the Copyright Clearance Center, 21 Congress Street, Salem, MA 01970. Instructors are permitted to photocopy isolated articles for noncommercial classroom use without fee. For other copying, reprint or republication permission, write to Director, Publish­ ing Services, IEEE, 345 E. 47 St., New York, NY 10017. All rights reserved. Copy­ right© 1983 by The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. ISBN 0-8186-0499-9 (paper) ISBN 0-8186-4499-0 (microfiche) ISBN 0-8186-8499-2 (casebound) Library of Congress No. 83-81625 IEEE Catalog No. 83CH1930-7 IEEE Computer Society Order No. 499 Order from: IEEE Computer Society IEEE Service Center Post Office Box 80452 445 Hoes Lane Worldway Postal Center Piscataway, NJ 08854 Los Angeles, CA 90080 •-Cll'IJl.fC'I--1ff#-~8'-I The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. ii 1983 Proceedings of the Symposium on Small Computers in the Arts October 14-16, 1983 Philadelphia Sponsored by: IEEE Computer Society IEEE Philadelphia Section Delaware Valley Chapter/SIGGRAPH Organized and produced by: Small Computers in the Arts Network 111 Proceedings Committee Edi tors •••••••.........••••............•..............••.•. Eric Podietz Dick Moberg Kerry Sherin Donna Mansfield Layout ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Dick Moberg Eric Podietz Symposium Chairman ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Dick Moberg iv Historical Rotes The Symposium on Small Computers in the Arts grew out of a computer music concert held in downtown Philadelphia in 1978. It was planned as part of the Personal Computing '78 show held at the Civic Center. John Dilks, the founder of the show, graciously backed the idea and provided a hotel ballroom for the event. As word of the upcoming concert spread, we received calls from people as far away as the West Coast asking if they could participate. One musician from New York actually arranged a piece for computer and clarinet especially for the concert. The evening of the concert, over 500 persons showed up and tried to squeeze into a room that only held 300. The concert was recorded and an album made. The success of that concert led the organizers to form an informal group to produce similar events and to act as a clearinghouse for those interested in computer applications in the arts. The 1979 Personal Computer Music Festival, sponsored by the group, included talks and demonstrations during the day in addition to the evening concert. In 1980, a separate day of computer graphics talks and demonstrations was added to make the Personal Computer Arts Festival. All these events were held at the Personal Computing shows in Philadelphia. It had always been our desire to some day organize a major meeting solely dedicated to the use of small computers in the arts. This dream became a reality with the 1981 Symposium, thanks to the support of the IEEE Computer Society and the IEEE Philadelphia section. At the 1981 and 1982 symposiums, 150 computer arts enthusiasts descended upon the Holiday Inn on the University of Pennsylvania campus. An informal and very interactive atmosphere prevailed making the symposium a great success with respect to its goals of increasing the participants' awareness of the uses of small computers in the arts. In May 1982, response to the symposium and succeeding interest led to the publications of Scan, a monthly newsletter on small computers in the arts. The Small Computers in the Arts Network (formerly the Personal Computer Arts Group), as a volunteer not for profit group, continues to promote the use of computers in the arts through its newsletter, concerts, and other informal events. To contact the group, write to: Small Computers in the Arts Network, Box 1954, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19105. V Table of Contents Proceedings Conmittee • . iv Historical Notes . ... V Approaches to Computer Literacy and Training for Artists/Designers/Creatives ••••••• R. LeWinter, J. Shafran, and B. Wiffin Camera In/Camera Out 4 T. Porett MovieMaker: A Real Time Microcomputer Animation System . 8 E.s. Podietz Computer Animation as an Art Form ••••••••••••••••••••• 13 D. Mansfield Experimental Visual Evaluation for Computer Graphics. • . • . • • . 21 M. Holynski and E. Lewis A Pantomation Interface for the Apple II ••••••••••••••••• 25 T. DeWitt Electronic Thinking Cap. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 30 s. Metros State-of-the-Art Questions •••••••••••••••••••••••• 32 L. Spiegel Sound Systems on Micros •••••••••••••••••••••••••• 36 s.E. Jenkins QuadSurf: A Graphics System for 3-Dimensional Halftone Images. 41 S.R. Seidel Design for an Artist's Workstation for the Microcomputer. 48 D. Cook Developing a 3-Dimensional Animation System for the Digital 11/23 Microcomputer •••••••••••••••••••••• 65 M. Schweppe 3-D Computer Graphics for Artists ••••••••••••••••••••• 68 J. Sachter A Professional Quality Digital Audio Peripheral for Small Computers . 74 H. Chamberlin vi A Computer Controlled Installation in a Gallery Space. 81 G.K. Shortess Computers, Music, and the Arts: A Liberal Arts College Course • •••••••.•••.•••..••••.••••• 86 w. Matthews Patter-Pushin'-Palyka Presents Too­ Loose-A-Trek Thru the Selling of a Paint System. 89 o.M. Palyka Microprocessor Typography ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 99 M. Keith Keyframe Animation for the Microcomputer ••••••••••••••••• 103 w.J. Kolomyjec PIPEDREAM--A Complete CAD CAM System for Tubular Sculpture. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 112 F.M. Smullin Using an Artist's Workstation ••••••••••••••••••••••• 128 w. Wright Aut:h.or Index • . • . • . • • • . • . • . 14 3 vii Approaches to Computer Literacy and Training for Artists/Designers/Creatives Renee LeWinter, Joan Shafran and Brian Wiffin Massachusetts College of Art, Boston, MA Jack F. Nolan, President; Marilyn Bever, Advisor The design and implementation of a Comprehensive with using a computer as a design tool and to Computer Graphics and Computer Literacy Program gain some literacy. The College sees as one of has been seen as an essential addition to the its roles that of providing not only training existing course offerings at the Professional Art but also keeping abreast of th~ changing job College. Within the Continuing Education Depart­ markets. ment and the Day School such courses have been in existence for several years. Through these Classes this fall will include Introduction to experimental classes, the College and the Visual Computer Programming, Computers and Visual Commun­ Technology Center have seen the need for expan­ ication, Programming Computer Graphics, Computer sion and growth in the area of Computer Graphics, Graphics Laboratory, and Advanced Computer and are beginning develop interesting course Graphics Applications. work and present a new methodology for learning approaches. The Resistance/Fascination Factor With the commitment to providing access to the Introduction creative, it soon becomes clear that a Pandoras Massachusetts College of Art remains the only Box, of sorts, has evolved. Through course work publicly supported, professional arts college and curriculum development at Mass. Art, it has in the United States. It was founded to train become apparent that the need for "finding out" art educators for the public schools and about computers is strong within the local art designers for industry. The undergraduate community. However, along with the need to know degrees offered are in Art Education, Critical comes a variety of fears, expectations and preju­ Studies, Design, Fine Arts and Media and Per­ dices. Machine fear is the most common, and in forming Arts. Graduate Degrees are offered in some cases,

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