A Diver’s Guide to

2006—2007

Michigan Underwater Preserve Council, Inc. A private, non-profit organization St. Ignace Chamber of Commerce 560 N. State Street St. Ignace, MI 49781 Copies available: 1-800-970-8717 www.michiganpreserves.org Published by J.R. Underhill Communications 3635 Thornhill Kalamazoo, MI 49004 www.jrunderhill.com Information contained in this guide should not be construed as an endorsement by the Michigan Underwater Preserve Council. Although care has been taken in preparing this publication, the Michigan Underwater Preserve Council and J.R. Underhill Communications, and those assisting on this booklet are not responsible for errors or omissions. Front cover photo/illustration: Painting of the Osborn in Whitefish Bay, courtesy of the Great Lakes Shipwreck Historical Society and Michigan Department of Transportation: Artist, Ken Marschall. Photo of Jan Underhill with the stump of the Osborn’s forward mast by Robert Underhill. ©2006 Michigan Underwater Preserve Council, Inc. All rights reserved. Dedicated to those who appreciate, preserve, protect, and respect the incredible and unique shipwrecks of the Great Lakes

We would like to extend our heartfelt gratitude to the follow individuals and companies that have assisted in making this booklet possible.

J.R. Underhill Communications Bob & Jan Underhill, www.greatlakesunderwater.com Peggy S. Kurpinski, Adventures In Diving, Inc. Greg MacMaster, GTBUP Mark Kistner Janet Peterson, St. Ignace Chamber of Commerce Deep Sea Detectives/Dive Portal Tom Farnquist, Great Lakes Shipwreck Museum in association with Artist Ken Marschall

...and all those businesses that have purchased advertising, making it possible to publish and distribute this booklet. Table of Contents

Michigan’s Underwater Preserve System . . . . 4 Boat Diving Etiquette ...... 6 Michigan Underwater Preserve Council . . . . . 7 New Proposed Preserves ...... 8 Alger Underwater Preserve ...... 12 DeTour Passage Underwater Preserve ...... 16 Keweenaw Underwater Preserve ...... 18 Manitou Passage Underwater Preserve . . . . . 20 Marquette Underwater Preserve ...... 24 Sanilac Shores Underwater Preserve ...... 27 Southwest Michigan Underwater Preserve . . . 31 Straits Underwater Preserve ...... 35 Thumb Area Bottomland Preserve ...... 39 Thunder Bay Underwater Preserve ...... 42 Whitefish Point Underwater Preserve . . . . . 46 Calendar of Events ...... 52

A note about the charts included in each Preserve chapter: The coordinates are presumed to be accurate but we place no guarantee. Water depths may be off due to water level changes. Always evaluate weather conditions and divers’ abilities before diving any wreck. We are not recommending any of these dive destinations. We are only publishing information. Caution: Some wrecks may be out of the sport diving depth limit. Diving is a potentially dangerous activity. Use common sense and dive within your training and skill level. Michigan’s Underwater Preserve System

ichigan’s eleven underwater preserves include nearly 2,300 square miles Mof Great Lakes bottomland, an area nearly twice the size of the state of Delaware. The underwater preserves protect some of the region’s most sensitive underwater resources. The vast expanse of the five Great Lakes provided a natural transportation system into the interior of the United States as our nation expanded West. One hundred years ago, the inland waterway of these Great Lakes provided the most dangerous shipping waters in the world. Sudden storms, fog, heavy traffic and steamship companies demanding captains to stay on schedule no matter what the weather, resulted in the destruction of thousands of schooners, steamers and barges. The Great Lakes bottomland is littered with these time capsules from the time when our nation began to emerge into the world power it is today. These shipwrecks, artifacts, and natural features attract skin and scuba divers from across the United States. They come to explore and observe how the cold, fresh water of the Great Lakes preserves history. The Michigan Underwater Preserve system was created in 1980 through legislation supported and largely drafted by Michigan sport divers. Since then, divers have ensured that their sport will remain a high-quality activity with stiff penalties for disturbing the shipwrecks and their artifacts. It is a felony to remove or disturb artifacts in the Great Lakes. Those caught removing portholes, anchors, anchor chain, deadeyes, blocks, or other “souvenirs” will have their boat, car, and equipment confiscated immediately and will face up to two years imprisonment and stiff fines. Divers who have information about the theft of artifacts can report violations to the Michigan Department of Natural Resources by calling (800) 292-7800. As a result of these laws, and SCUBA divers conscientious efforts, wreck diving in the Great Lakes is some of the best in the world. Many sport divers unfamiliar with Great Lakes Shipwrecks are surprised to find such well-preserved shipwrecks. Small items, such as ceramic cups, silverware, tools, machinery ornaments, and other artifacts remain where they were discovered by the first divers many years before. Well-stocked dive shops, knowledgeable sales staff, experienced instruction, and friendly service are the standard in Michigan. Most dive shops, whether they are located near underwater preserves or not, can provide expert advice on preserves and diving in the state. Regardless of origin, divers and their families will feel welcome in Michigan. Dive charter operators can be found in all the underwater preserves. If divers bring their own boats, they will find convenient boat launches, marinas, and other 4 Isle Royale National Park Keweenaw Marquette Whitefish Point Alger Detour Passage

Straits of Mackinac

Manitou Thunder Passage Bay

Thumb Michigan Area Bottomland Preserves Sanilac Maps created by J.R. Underhill Shores Graphics reference: Bureau of History, Michigan Department of State

Southwest Michigan

facilities. Most of the popular dive sites are buoyed in the summer by members and volunteers of the Michigan Underwater Preserve Council, Inc., a private, non- profit organization dedicated to development of the preserves. Many preserves also offer exceptional shore-access diving. A word of caution is in order whenever venturing out on the Great Lakes. These massive bodies of water are as unpredictable as they are beautiful. Storms and heavy seas can arise suddenly and with little warning. Do not head out onto the Great Lakes unless you have proper safety equipment, an appropriate vessel, and experience. Never leave your dive boat unattended. If trouble arises, the U.S. Coast Guard monitors vhf channel 16 and search and rescue service is available. But it is best to avoid such situations. Be prepared for cool water temperatures. Although surface water temperatures may reach 65 degrees or more in midsummer, temperatures below 40 feet may be substantially less. Most Great Lakes divers use full wetsuits, or dry suits. Diving in the Great Lakes may be colder, but it’s well worth the extra effort, to see such pristine wrecks.

5 After diving in any of Michigan’s underwater preserves, you may find yourself wanting to try them all! Each offers a unique experience, both underwater and on land. Visitors will find communities near underwater preserves friendly and accommodating. Lodging is convenient and comfortable. Restaurants offer a variety of tasty cuisine. Campgrounds are nestled in scenic surroundings, and there are many attractions for the entire family. So, come back again and tell your friends and family. Michigan is good to sport divers and great to their families seeking a fun vacation sure to create fond memories for many years. Although each underwater preserve offers a variety of diving attractions, it is possible to describe only some of the most popular dive sites in this booklet. Please contact the sources in each section to obtain more information about diving in that underwater preserve.

Boat Diving Etiquette in Michigan Underwater Preserves • Monitor channel 16 at all times and switch to an appropriate channel when communicating with other vessels. • Keep someone on board that is capable of operating the marine radio and the boat in case of emergency or breaking loose from the mooring. • Cooperate with other vessels when using the moorings. If the weather is appropiate for sharing the mooring, communicate with each other and place the heaviest boat in front to safeguard the smaller vessel. • Communicate arrival with other vessels on the site. • Post a lookout, particularly when approaching and departing from the wreck, and keep an awareness of other vessel traffic in the area. • Moor by the bow of the boat to prevent damage to the shipwreck. Safe Diving Suggestions • Prepare an emergency diving plan for each preserve you dive. • Have proper training and be prepared to administer O2 in emergencies • Monitor channel 16 and use the proper channels for communication. • Be a knowledgeable boater, know and abide by the “Rules of the Road” • Maintain your safety equipment, such as life jackets, ring buoys, and extinguishers. Be knowledgeable in the correct usage of this equipment. • Know “First Aid” • “Take only pictures and leave only bubbles” • Report all plundering to: Department of Natural Resources 1-800-292-7800

6 The Michigan Underwater Preserve Council, Inc. The Michigan Underwater Preserve Council (MUPC) was formed in an effort to preserve, protect the Great Lakes shipwrecks and to educate divers and non-divers on their history and aid in their preservation. MUPC is a private, non-profit, volunteer driven organization. We promote diving and conservation of the shipwrecks in the 11 underwater preserves and Great Lakes. These shipwrecks have been under water for many years, and are often found in good condition, even after being submerged for 100+ years. There are various factors which keep these shipwrecks in the wonderful condition they are in, some natural factors, some manmade. Great care is used in the placement of the buoy, buoy chain and ropes, the amount of scope in lines used and as well as other considerations in preserving and protecting the wrecks. One of our many goals for the future involves placing mooring bases on many of the wrecks in the preserves. This will allow divers to dive the wrecks, without damage from lines, chains and hooks. It will also aid in making the dive safer for the diver.

Mission Statement The PURPOSE of the Council is to: • Foster cooperative stewardship of the historical, cultural, natural and recreational resources associated with the preserves. • Enhance the quality (safety, access and diver ethics) of preserve diving, and provide preserve-related opportunities for non-divers. • Support and speak as a unified voice for the preserve committees. • Promote wider involvement in the preserve council and individual preserves through membership, networking, partnerships and volunteers. • Market the preserves, and cooperatively market diving in Michigan. • Identify, support and participate in projects which benefit the state’s preserves (e.g., placement of marker buoys, development and application of new technologies, artificial enhancement, education) • Provide input and advice on permits and preserve-related research efforts. • Act as an information clearinghouse and referral service to: existing preserve committees, existing and potential preserve-related businesses, and groups interested in establishing new preserve committees. • Facilitate communication among preserve committees and with different preserve stakeholders. • Monitor, assess and develop positions on emerging issues and factors which impact on the preserves and preserves committees. Communicate these positions to the legislature, relevant agencies and organizations, and preserve stakeholders.

7 Grand Traverse Bay Underwater Preserve (Proposed) Grand Traverse Bay has a long and rich maritime history. Long before the arrival of Europeans it was well known to Native Americans because of the ease of water transportation and because it included the interchange point from water to land with trails leading from the head of the bay to points throughout the Lower Peninsula of Michigan. Traverse City was developed by Hannah, Lay & Company, a firm which recognized the value of water transportation and operated a fleet of commercial vessels to provide ready communication. It was also home to Elk Rapids Iron Works, a firm which depended on the water for a supply of iron ore and to ship pig iron, and was also, at one point, the largest iron smelter in Michigan. One of the earliest wrecks in the Bay is believed to be the little schooner A. C. Van Raalte. It was built in 1850 at Marine City, Michigan, for the newly arrived immigrants at Holland, Michigan, and named after the leader who brought them to America. In 1859 it is said to have provided regular service from Grand Haven to Traverse City and intermediate points. The Van Raalte spent the winter of 1859—1860 in Old Mission Harbor on East Bay, where it was crushed by ice early in March and sunk with only her rigging being salvaged as reported by her captain. The era of the 1850s on Lake Michigan saw the highest number of commercial vessels on the lake each year for it was the era of the grain trade when hundreds of canal-sized schooners carried the grain each fall in a mad rush to move the entire harvest from the Great Plains to the cities of New England via Lake Michigan. Among these vessels was the John Thursby, a typical grain schooner of 360 tons (OS), built in 1857 at Cattaraugus, New York. It may have carried a cargo of supplies to the new community of Antrim City just three miles south of Norwood for it was forced to abandon an anchor there in September 1867. A little over a week later on October 8th or 9th, 1867, it stopped to pick up the anchor and was caught in one of the Great Lakes’ sudden storms. It was blown ashore along with its cargo of 14,500 bushels of wheat and went to pieces in a short time. Within several weeks the wheat and everything else removable disappeared. No record exists of salvage of the Thursby and the location of the wreckage remains a mystery. The schooner Metropolis was built in 1857 at Cleveland by Peck & Masters. It was canal sized measuring 125 by 28 feet with a depth of hold of 11 feet. In its early years the Metropolis carried a variety of cargoes including grain, lumber, and pig iron. On November 24, 1886, the Metropolis, under Captain Duncan Corbett, left Elk Rapids for Chicago with a cargo of pig iron and lumber. She immediately

Wreck Name Depth GPS/LAT/LON Level Date Sank A.J. Rogers 45’ 45 03.15’N 085 28.82’W Novice 1898 Barge 80’ 44 47.06’N 085 37.82’W Advanced — Elmwood 22’ 44 58.19’N 085 38.11’W Novice — Metropolis 6’ to 120’ 44 58.19’N 085 27.93’W All levels 1886 Nyord 50’ 44 46.40’N 085 36.00’W Novice 1975 Tramp 45’ 44 51.03’N 085 36.07’W Novice 1975 8 Lake Michigan

 Northport Grand Traverse Bay

A.J. Rogers 

 Metropolis Suttons Bay

Elk Rapids 

Tramp

Elmwood Nyord Shipwreck Boat Launch TraverseBarge City disappeared into a dense snow storm and lost her way. She ran aground south of Old Mission Point and her captain scuttled her to prevent further damage. Salvage efforts commenced two days later but were unsuccessful. Eventually the pig iron was salvaged and the lumber disappeared, some reportedly building a nearby barn. Today

9 the skeleton of Metropolis lies in shallow water while a portion of a side lies nearby in deeper water where it was abandoned by an early scavenger. Perhaps the worst and also the most costly accident in the Bay was the loss of the Selvick tug, Lauren Castle on November 5, 1980. Although 75 years old, the tug was fully equipped as a modern towing vessel. She was over-run by her tow, the tanker Amoco Wisconsin, and dragged on her beam ends, sinking promptly in 400 feet of water taking one crewmen down with her. For more information: www.gtbup.org West Michigan Underwater Preserve (Proposed) The West Michigan Underwater Preserve (Proposed) in Lake Michigan covers the bottomlands from Pentwater in the North to the Southwest Michigan Underwater Preserve in the South. Anna C. Minch, a 380 ft steel bulk freighter steamer built Cleveland in 1903. Sank during the notorious Armistice Day Storm on Nov 11, 1940. Thought to have collided with the Davock, but evidence suggests she was overwhelmed by the storm. Huge site with steel wreckage. The vessel is in 2 pieces. Novadoc, a 252 ft steel bulk freighter built in 1928 at Wallsend, England. Also sank during the Armistice Day Storm. Brightie, a 182 ft lumber schooner-barge built in 1868 at Cleveland, foundered with a cargo of pulpwood on August 23, 1928. Broken up timbers. Interlaken, a 170 ft construction schooner-barge built in 1893 at Algonac, Michigan, sank in a storm in 1936. Quite buried in sand. State of Michigan, a 165 ft wooden passenger and package freight steamer built in 1875 at Manitowoc, Wisconsin (originally named the De Pree). Sank on Oct 18, 1901. Thought to have sunk from throwing a piston rod from her big engine, but never proven. Boiler and outer hull are intact. Salvor, a 253 ft. wooden pseudo-whaleback steamer converted to a steel bulk freight barge built in 1896 at Sunderland, England (originally named Turret Chief). Foundered in a storm on Sept 26, 1930 while being towed by the tug Fitzgerald. The tow rope broke and the Salvor sunk. Vessel is in one piece, but sand covers the midsection making it seem that the vessel is in 2 pieces. Helen, a 90 ft. merchant schooner. Sank in the gale of November 18, 1886. This wreck comes and goes with sands shifting. Nice snorkel too. Henry Cort, a 320 ft. whaleback steamer built in 1892 at Superior, Wisconsin originally named the Pillsbury). Stranded on Nov 30, 1934. She is broken and twisted, found next the outside of the Muskegon north break wall. Presently, she is pretty uncovered, with interesting wreckage. Ironsides, a 218 ft. wooden, twin prop steamer built in 1864 at Cleveland. Foundered in heavy seas on Sept 15, 1873. Hamilton Reef, Also known as “The Rock Pile”. An artificial reef of cement rubble that is in a snake formation just south of the Muskegon Channel in ~30 ft of water. Interesting dive providing fish habitat. Outside the recreational dive limits: William B. Davock, The 3rd steel bulk freight steamer lost in the Armistice Day Storm, and the worst loss. 420 feet in length built in 1909 at St. Clair, Michigan. Thought to have collided with the Anna C. Minch, but evidence is lacking. For more information: www.muskegon.org

10 Ludington 

Commanche Minch Pentwater Novadoc

Davock

Brightie

Interlaken Whitehall State of  Michigan Shipwreck Boat Launch Salvor Other Features Helen Muskegon Henry Cort Hamilton Reef

Ironsides  Grand Grand Rapids Lake Haven  Michigan Port Sheldon Holland

Wreck Name Depth GPS/LAT/LON Level Date Sank Commanche 75’ to 100’ 43 50.25’N 086 29.02’W Intermediate — Anna C. Minch/Bow 36’ to 45’ 43 45.78’N 086 27.77’W Novice 11 Nov 1940 Anna C. Minch/Stern 36’ to 45’ 43 45.70’N 086 27.84’W Novice 11 Nov 1940 Novadoc 12’ to 15’ 43 41.61’N 086 31.08’W Novice 11 Nov 1940 Brightie 70’ 43 29.89’N 086 29.89’W Advanced 23 Aug 1928 Interlaken 15’ 43 27.05’N 086 27.49’W Novice 26 Oct 1903 State of Michigan 60’ to 75’ 43 27.33’N 086 27.85’W Intermediate 18 Oct 1901 Salvor 25’ to 30’ 43 15.61’N 086 22.11’W Novice 26 Sept 1930 Helen 14’ 1 mi. N of Muskegon Channel Novice 18 Nov 1886 Henry Cort 12’ Off N Muskegon breakwall Novice 30 Nov 1934 Ironsides 109’ 43 02.93’N 086 19.15’W Advanced 15 Sept 1873 Hamilton Reef 30’ 43 12.99’N 086 20.49’W Novice — William B. Davock/Bow 215’ to 240’ (Loran: 32402.2/49054.9) Technical 11 Nov 1940 William B. Davock/Stern 215’ to 240’ (Loran: 32402.6/49066.1) Technical 11 Nov 1940

11 Alger Underwater Preserve The Alger Underwater Preserve is located on the south shore of Lake Superior near the city of Munising in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. Munising,Mi This area of Lake Superior’s shoreline includes the Pictured Rocks National Lakeshore, Grand Island and the sheltered waters of Munising Bay. The Alger Underwater Preserve offers several unusual diving attractions including “sea caves”, intact shipwrecks, and underwater interpretive trails. These shipwrecks in Munising Bay have been preserved by the clear, cool waters of Lake Superior. Many of the wreck sites located within the Alger Underwater Preserve are also protected by Grand Island from the fury of Lake Superior. Very seldom are dive trips canceled because of the weather. Divers of any skill level will find shipwrecks in excellent condition awaiting them in the Alger Underwater Preserve. Underwater visibility in the Alger Preserve is considered to be among the best in the Midwest. Thirty feet at depth of one hundred feet is not uncommon. There are mooring buoys and descent lines at all primary dive sites. Each year, wrecks appear and disappear like apparitions as the currents of Lake Superior move the sand around them. Though the total number of shipwrecks in the Alger Preserve is unknown, there are 7 major found shipwrecks in Alger Underwater Preserve. Beside shipwrecks, you will also be able to find sea caves. The caves are formed by wave action which hollows out the sandstone cliffs underwater. Although the caves are shallow, usually only about 20 feet deep, they offer spectacular diving and underwater photo opportunities. The Bermuda (Murray Bay wreck), a 150 foot wooden schooner sank in the spring of 1870 in Murray Bay on Grand Island. The top deck is just 12 feet below the water’s surface where the wreck has remained for 128 years. The Bermuda went down in 1870 and is an intact 145 foot schooner sitting upright and waiting for visitors. Three hatches gave access to the cargo hold, along with two companionways and the large cabin trunk near the stern. An underwater interpretive trail in this popular shipwreck shows divers important features of the shipwreck as well as unusual fish and other aquatic life. Divers can expect to see schools of rock bass and other colorful game fish. The Superior is a side wheel passenger and package freight steamer launched in 1845. It is the oldest known wreck in the area, and lies in 10-20 feet of water. The Smith Moore is an early example of the wooden steam barge, sitting upright in 90’ of water. This is the most famous shipwreck in the Pictured Rocks area. The Smith Moore was lost in the Munising East Channel on July 13, 1889 as the result of damages suffered in a collision out in Lake Superior. The wreck was lost in the channel next to Grand Island while under tow. Divers can reach the deck at about 80 feet, and will find much machinery as well as game fish. Access to some portions of the interior of the vessel is possible through open hatches on the deck.

12 Lake Superior Kiowa Au Sable Point  Stephen M. Pictured Rocks Selvick Superior National Lakeshore Grand Williams Island Island George Herman H. Hettler Manhattan Burmuda Shipwreck Smith Moore Boat Launch Campground Marina Munising Alger Underwater Preserve (113 square miles) Wreck Name Depth GPS/LAT/LON Level Date Sank Bermuda 12’ to 30’ 46 27.89’N 086 38.81’W Novice 15 Oct 1870 George 15’ 46 30.96’N 086 31.25’W Novice 24 Oct 1893 Herman H. Hettler 20’ to 36’ 46 29.03’N 086 35.98’W Novice 23 Nov 1926 Kiowa 25’ to 35’ 46 38.71’N 086 13.21’W Novice 30 Nov 1929 Manhattan 20’ to 40’ 46 28.02’N 086 36.56’W Novice 26 Oct 1903 Smith Moore 91’ to 105’ 46 27.33’N 086 37.06’W Advanced 29 July 1880 Steven M. Selvick 45’ to 65’ 46 29.53’N 086 35.87’W All levels 1 June 1996

The Kiowa was a steel bulk freight steamer 251 feet in length, driven ashore by a gale in Nov. 1929. The remains are now in 20-40 foot depths. On a clear day the huge sections of hull are easily visible from the surface. The stern of the wreck lies on its port side exposing the steamer’s steering quadrant and emergency steering gear. A short distance forward, an enclosed ladder way leads down toward the propeller shaft tunnel. At the forward end of the tunnel, the propeller shaft and its massive thrust bearing can be seen. In November of 1926, the Herman H. Hettler was seeking shelter in Munising Harbor when it slammed into a reef. The wreck now rests in 30’-40’ of water. On the inner edge of the reef where the Hettler struck, a boiler can be found in about 25 feet of water, along with part of the hull and a field of debris such as mechanical parts, tanks, piping, and even a bathtub. The Manhattan, a wooden freighter in 30’-40’ of water, was driven onto a reef in October of 1903. Divers can visit a large portion of the steamer’s hull framing. The vessel’s enormous rudder, with its depth markings still visible, lies nearby.

13 The Steven Selvick, is a 70’ tug sunk in 30’-60’ of water. The Selvick was donated to the Alger Underwater Preserve in 1994, and intentionally sunk on June 1, 1996. It now lies on its port side at about a 40 degree angle, with the bow pointing north. Originally named the Lorain at the builders yard in Cleveland in 1915, the tug was powered by a 1889 steam engine. Later, the hull was refitted with a Fairbanks/Morse diesel engine and renamed the Cabot. The Cabot was instrumental in helping to build the Mackinaw bridge. In 1988, the Cabot was renamed the Selvick when the Selvick Marine and Towing Company purchased it. The tug lies in 70 feet of water, with the pilot house in 40 feet. This is a great dive for beginners to experts. Divers have access to all areas of the wreck. The pilothouse, galley, mess room, engine room, and crew quarters can all be penetrated. Lights are a must! The crew’s quarters should be left for the most experienced divers as this area has only one way in and out. Photo opportunities are everywhere on this dive.

DIVER SERVICES: North Star Charters 1340 Commercial St. Munising, MI 49862 (906) 387-3456 Shop (Charters, air station, equipment sales/rentals,instruction) Email: [email protected] www.lakesuperiordiving.com

14 INFORMATION: Alger County Chamber of Commerce P.O. Box 139, Munising, MI 49862 (906) 387-2138, www.algercounty.org Super 8 LODGING: Munising Comfort Inn Munising • Queen Size Beds M-28 East, P.O. Box 403 • Wireless Internet Munising, MI 49862 • Cable TV (906) 387-5292 • Whirlpool Days Inn Munising • Sauna M-28 East, P.O. Box 403 • Continental Munising, MI 49862 Breakfast (906) 387-2493 HBO and Movie Channels Convenient - Quiet Location Scotty’s Motel Near to Casino 415 Cedar St., Munising, MI 49862 2 miles east of Downtown (906) 387-2449 Near Picture Rocks Shore [email protected] Super 8 10% OFF WITH AD P.O. Box 359 AT CHECK IN Munising, MI 49862 with no other discounts (906) 387-2466, 1-800-800-8000 Excluding Holidays Offer Expires 10/15/06 Sunset Motel on the Bay 1314 Bay Street, Munising, MI 49862 1-800-800-8000 (906) 387-4574, [email protected] RESERVATION ONLY www.sunsetmotelonthebay.com 906-387-2466 Terrace Motel Hwy. M-28E. at Fed Hwy. 13 420 Prospect St. P.O. Box 359 Munising, MI 49862 Munising, Mi 49862 (906) 387-2735

Wandering Wheels Campground M-28 East (3 1/2 miles east of Munising P.O. Box 419, Munising, MI 49862 (906) 387-3315

Report theft of shipwreck artifacts 1-800-292-7800

15 DeTour Passage Underwater Preserve The DeTour Passage is located at the easternmost tip of Michigan’s Upper Peninsula. The area, which extends to the western end of Drummond Island’s shore, became the state’s tenth underwater preserve. The DeTour Passage Underwater Preserve features a variety of dive sites. Among the most popular are the John B. Merrill, which lies south of Drummond Island in about 65 feet of water. Although broken up, the John B. Merrill offers divers an opportunity to see many small artifacts, including tools, ship hardware, and personal effects. The vessel was wrecked in a storm in 1893 and was discovered 99 years later. Divers can expect 10 to 20 feet of visibility and there are no unusual safety concerns at the site. The entire vessel and debris field can be found in an area approximately 100 by 200 feet. Another popular dive site in this preserve is that of the J. C. Ford, off Little Trout Island. Although the steamer is badly broken up from an explo- sion in 1924, there is much to see, including a large propeller. The J.C. Ford lies in only 12 to 15 feet of water and is a favorite among underwater photographers because visibility is frequently greater than 20 feet. The General was a 97-foot tugboat that sank in 1930 off Frying Pan Island. This is a popular dive site because much of the vessel’s structure and machinery can be found in about 20 feet of water. Also, this site is often accessible in even the most adverse weather conditions. Shore access sites abound in the DeTour Passage Underwater Preserve. These include a series of wooden-hulled vessels that were left to “molder” near shore. A portion of one of these, the Sainte Marie, can be seen above water. The steel paddlewheel of another shipwreck can also be seen above water nearby. Near the municipal marina, divers can find the remains of several old freighters, dock ruins, and a variety of small artifacts left from fueling opera- tions. Divers will find many fine restaurants in DeTour Village and on Drummond Island. Many divers enjoy seeing today’s vessels slide through the narrow passage bound to or from Lake Superior.

16 International Canada Boundary 

Rome J.C. Ford Fuel dock ruins Kelly’s Dock Alice C./Two Mytkes Phillip Superior Pigeon Drummond John W. Cullen Cove Island Sainte Marie Schooner

General Silver Spray Troy Saddlebag Island Wreck Traverse Point Wreck Lake Huron John B. Merrill DeTour Passage Underwater Preserve Shipwreck

Wreck Name Depth GPS/LAT/LON Level Date Sank Agnes W. 2’ to 12’ 45 55.453’N 083 42.501’W Novice 12 July 1918 J. C. Ford 5 to 15’ 46 02.663’N 083 50.172’W Novice 26 Nov 1924 General 15’ to 20’ 45 59.202’N 083 53.829’W Novice 30 Nov 1930 Kelly’s Dock 7’ to 18’ 46 008.36’N 083 53.941’W Novice — John B. Merrill 30’ to 80’ 45 54.981’N 083 43.912’W Advanced 14 Oct 1893 Sainte Marie 0’ to 40’ 45 59.303’N 083 53.639’W Novice 1927

Report theft of shipwreck artifacts 1-800-292-7800

17 Keweenaw Underwater Preserve Like the legendary Long Point in Lake Ere, the Keweenaw Peninsula on the South shore of Lake Superior and has often been a “catcher’s mitt” for wayward ships. Over the years many storm driven ships have run out of lake on the Keweenaw. As a result, the 103-square mile preserve is host to a variety of shipwrecks, including one recent addition. In the fall of 1989, the U.S. Coast Guard cutter Mesquite ran aground off Keweenaw Point while retrieving buoys. During the winter, storms pounded the ship against the rocks and damaged it beyond repair. Eventually, the ship was intentionally sunk in about 110 feet of water off the peninsula. Today the wreck of the Mesquite is the most popular dive destination in this preserve. Divers will find the wreck in excellent condition with virtually all of the equipment on deck. A portion of the pilot house was removed during the sinking process and lies near the main section of the ship. Divers can enjoy exploring the interior of the Mesquite, but interior exploration should be reserved for very experienced divers with proper equipment. Visibility at this site generally exceeds 50 feet. Other shipwrecks are concentrated at Eagle River, Eagle Harbor, and Copper Harbor. These wrecks are both steamers and schooners, primarily of the 1800s and very early 1900s. Because they wrecked in relatively shallow water, most have been broken up by waves and ice. This process permits divers to see how ships were constructed. Boilers, machinery, and broken hulls are found on reefs. There is little “penetration” diving at these sites, which makes these sites especially attractive for beginning to intermediate divers and underwater photographers. A couple of the most popular dive sites are the Tioga, a steel package freighter that grounded on Sawtooth Reef in 1919, and the City of St. Joseph, which ran aground north of Eagle Harbor in 1942. The remains of these ships lie in 40 feet of water or less. Divers will find large sections of the hull, machinery, and other artifacts that make for excellent exploration and backdrops for excellent underwater photography. Other dive sites include the John Jacob Astor, a 112’ long two master wooden brig is the oldest known shipwrecks site in Lake Superior. Constructed at Black River Ohio, she was the first U.S. commercial vessel on the big lake. The Astor stranded and broke up in strong winds and remains and interesting dive. The Langham, a wooden steamer, burned to a total loss with a coal cargo but no lives lost. Features include the ship’s two boilers, engine and much machinery still in place. In addition to shipwrecks, the Keweenaw is a popular area for

18 John Jacob Astor City of St. Joseph Wasaga Transport City of Superior John L. Gross Septia William C.Moreland Eagle Copper James Pickands Harbor Harbor Tioga Keweenaw Eagle Point River Mesquite Lake Superior Langham

Maplehurst Calumet

Hancock   Shipwreck Houghton Boat Launch

Wreck Name Depth GPS/LAT/LON Level Date Sank Mesquite 82’ to 112’ 47 22.38’N 087 55.55’W Advanced 4 Dec 1989 Tioga 28’ to 35’ 47 26 31’N 088 16.21’W Novice 26 Nov 1919 City of St. Joseph 25’ to 35’ 47 28.20’N 088 06.75’W Novice 1933 Langham 90’ to 106’ 47’ 22.37’N 087 55.53’W Advanced 23 Oct 1910 John Jacob Astor to 35’ off old Fort Wilkins Dock Novice 21 Sept 1844 exploring underwater geologic formations. Large deposits of copper can be found in this region. Visibility throughout this preserve is generally very good and often exceeds 35 feet. Visitors will find many fascinating historical sites, nature trails, and beautiful countryside to enjoy on the Keweenaw Peninsula.

INFORMATION: DIVER SERVICES: Keweenaw Peninsula Chamber of Commerce A Superior Divers Center Keweenaw Tourism Council 12811 State Hwy M-26 P.O. Box 336 Eagle Harbor, MI 49950 Houghton, MI 49931 (906) 289-4259 (906) 482-2388 or (800) 338-7982 www.keweenaw.org www.copperharbor.org

19 Manitou Passage Underwater Preserve The Manitou Passage Underwater Preserve offers divers a variety of Lake Michigan attractions—from historic dock ruins to fascinating shipwrecks of two centuries. The Manitou Passage Underwater Preserve’s most popular dive site is the wreck of the Francisco Morazan, a package freighter that ran aground during a December 1960 snowstorm. The wreck is a few hundred yards offshore from the south end of South Manitou Island. The Morazan is easily accessible and lies in only 15 feet of water. Those factors make it a great dive for those just learning about Great Lakes shipwreck diving. Divers enjoy exploring the hull of the 246 foot ship. Some machinery remains in the engine room. Although much of the Morazan is above water, divers should not attempt to explore the superstructure. This is a nesting area for cormorants and gulls. A few hundred yards to the south of the Francisco Morazan is the wreck of the Walter L. Frost, a wooden steamer that ran aground in 1905. The Frost is broken up because the Morazan literally landed on top of the wreck during the disaster of 1960. Divers enjoy the Frost because much of the vessel remains. Large sections of the hull, machinery, boilers, and related artifacts offer explo- ration opportunities for divers of all skill levels. The Frost lies in about 12 feet of water. Another popular dive site in the Manitou Passage Underwater Preserve is the wreck of the Alva Bradley, which was discovered between North and South Manitou Islands in 1990. Many small artifacts are associated with the wreck of this schooner. Some of its cargo of steel billets can be found near the bow of the vessel. About 200 yards north- east of the main wreck divers will find rigging and other artifacts from this shipwreck. On September 27, 1911 the Three Brothers, a wooden steamer launched in 1888 at Milwaukee as the May Durr, was beached on South Manitou Island and broken by the autumn weather. No lives were lost, but the shifting sands quickly covered this wreck. In 1996, the sands of Lake Michigan shifted again, uncovering the Three Brothers, a nearly perfectly intact shipwreck. The bow is broken, but the stern is intact, and the hull is filled with sand, the weight of which is threatening to destroy this nearly intact shipwreck. Many artifacts on this site have been lost to divers, snorkelers and those wishing to possess “a bit of history”. Theft of shipwreck artifacts is against the law and should be reported to the State of Michigan at 800-292-7800. In addition to shipwrecks, divers enjoy dock ruins that can be found throughout the Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore. Massive pil- ings were driven into the sandy bottom to create docks and wharves for 20 Lake Montauk Michigan North Supply Josephine Dresden Manitou Island Pickard’s Landing  Crescent City Dock Stormer Dock

J.B. Newland William T. Graves Leland South Alva Bradley  Manitou South H. D. Moore Island Manitou Congress Light Shoal Light P.J. Ralph  Three Brothers Francisco Morazan Point Rising Sun Onleda Walter L.Frost Dock Flying Cloud Pyramid Point Grand Golden Harbor J.S. Crouse Haven Dock James McBride Dock

Sleeping Glen Bear Point Haven Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore Empire Park Headquarters Empire Dock

Shipwreck Boat Launch Campground Platte Marina Bay Aral Dock Wreckage  Lighthouse

Wreck Name Depth GPS/LAT/LON Level Date Sank Alva Bradley 20’ to 27’ 45 02.27’N 085 59.26’W Novice 12 Oct 1894 Congress 165’ 45 01.49’N 086 05.45’W Technical 4 Oct 1904 Walter L. Frost 10’ to 14’ 44 59.66’N 086 08.69’W Novice 14 Nov 1903 James McBride 5’ to 15’ 44 53.69’N 086 04.55’W Novice 19 Oct 1857 Flying Cloud 4’ to 14’ 44 56.19’N 086 57.39’W Novice 29 Oct 1892 Francisco Morazan to 20’ 44 59.07’N 086 08.09’W Novice 29 Nov 1960 Three Brothers 5’ to 45’ 45 00.54’N 086 05.58’W Novice 27 Sept 1911

21 loading lumber, fruits, grain, and other products onto schooners and steamers that transported such goods on Lake Michigan. These dock ruins attract schools of fish and many artifacts, including anchors and pieces of shipwrecks, can be found among the pilings. The Manitou Passage Underwater Preserve is a great place for family attractions because it is adjacent to the Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore and Traverse City, a nationally known resort area.

INFORMATION: DIVER SERVICES: Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore Scuba North, Inc. P.O. Box 277 13380 W. Bay Shore Drive Empire, MI 49630 Traverse City, MI 49684 (616) 326-5134 (231) 947-2520 www.scubanorth.com MUSEUM: Charters, air station, Leelanau Historical Museum equipment sales/rentals, 203 E. Cedar St. instruction Leland, MI 49654 (616) 256-7475

22 Walk down the beach or walk downtown

Rising from the water’s edge, the Holiday Inn West Bay is the only full-service, four-season hotel on the sandy shores of Grand Traverse Bay. Most rooms offer a view of the clear blue water. All the amenities are here for you—excellent Dining, Night Club with live entertainment, Sports Bar and scenic Patio Bar and Grill...all within a few steps of the endless opportunities for fun offered in Downtown Traverse City. Numerous watercraft rental and sailing excursions are available from our own dock.

615 East Front Street • Traverse City, MI 49686 • 1-800-888-8020 • www.tcwestbay.com

Your Manitou Underwater Preserve diving host. Our full-service dive center serves all of Northwest Michigan •Equipment Sales •Rentals •Service •Instruction Charters to: Manitou Preserve, Traverse Bay, Whitefish Point and the Straits Scuba North, Inc. 13380 W. Bay Shore Drive Traverse City, MI 49684 (231) 947-2520 www.scubanorth.com

23 Marquette Underwater Preserve Marquette, Michigan has been a major shipping port on Lake Superior since the discovery of iron ore in 1844. Heavy vessel traffic to and from the port, along with Superior’s gales and fogs made shipwrecks here inevitable in the early days of navigation. The Marquette Underwater Preserve was established in 1990 to promote conservation of the area’s submerged historical resources. The preserve offers outstanding scuba diving along Lake Superior’s shoreline in two areas of Marquette County, the Marquette Unit and the Huron Islands Unit. The Marquette Unit includes some 24 miles of shoreline around Marquette and extends out to the 200-foot depth contour. Within this area divers can explore the wrecks of wooden schooners, steamers and commercial fishing vessels as well as visiting unique geological formations. Dive sites are accessed by boat from launch ramps at Marquette’s upper and lower harbors. Small boats can also be launched at the Chocolay Township launch ramp on the Chocolay River and can reach the Charles J. Kershaw and Queen City wreck sites by navigating the shallow channel at the river mouth. The Huron Islands Unit encompasses some of the most impressive coastline in the state. The shore ranges from sandy beaches to towering cliffs, backed by the scenic Huron Mountains. Much of the diving is done in the clear waters surrounding the Huron Islands, a group of rugged granite knobs rising out of Superior’s depths. Boaters can reach the Huron Islands from the Big Bay Harbor of Refuge at Big Bay, or from Witz’s Marina at Skanee in Baraga County. In either case, it is a cruise of over 12 miles to the islands, so boaters must take appropriate precautions. Some of the highlighted shipwrecks in the area include the Charles J. Kershaw, located about two miles south-southeast of Marquette. The wooden steamer Kershaw, built in Bangor, Michigan in 1874, was towing the schooner-barges, Henry A. Kent and the Moonlight, on September 29, 1895. The Kershaw lost power and all three were stranded by the high seas. Members of the Marquette’s U.S. Life Saving Service made daring rescues of the Kershaw’s crew, while the crews of the Moonlight and the Kent simply jumped onto land. The Detroit Free Press of October 10, 1895 reported that “the recent gale removed the last trace of the Kershaw”. The schooners Kent and Moonlight were recovered and returned to service eight months later. The Kershaw lies broken and scattered, with the huge boiler being the highlight of this dive. The D. Leuty lies about 800’ off Lighthouse Point near downtown Marquette. The wooden steamer, D. Leuty stranded in a snowstorm while trying to enter Marquette harbor on October 31, 1991 with a cargo of logs. No lives were lost, but the ship broke up. The engine, boiler and machinery were salvaged. Three large sections of wooden hull remain at this site, and are usually buoyed. The huge rudder lies in 40’ with tools, fasteners and piping scattered in more shallow water. Unfortunately, this in not a shore dive, as the nearest public access is about 1/4 mile from the wreck site, making for a long swim. The F-106B fighter plane from the nearby K.I. Sawyer Air Force Base lost 24 George Nestor Arctic Huron Island Southwest Lake Superior

Huron Shipwreck River Point Boat Launch Marina Huron Islands Big Bay Unit Marina

Black Rocks Gold Mine Pinnacle Lake Superior

Presque Isle Marina   Marquette D. Lutey Cinder Pond Marina

George Sherman Charles J. Kershaw

Shot Point Marquette Chocolay River Unit Wreck Name Depth GPS/LAT/LON Level Date Sank Arctic 5’ to 100’ 46°57.74’N 087°59.85’W Advanced — DeSoto 8’ to 10’ 46°32.07’N 087°23.55’W Novice 4 Dec 1869 F-106B Fighter Plane 20’ to 22’ 46°31.71’N 087°23.75’W Novice 12 June 1974 Florida 10’ to 15’ 46°32.11’N 087°23.53’W Novice 17 Nov 1886 “Gold Mine” Pinnacle 12’ to 150’ 46°35.38’N 087°21.75’W Advanced — “Iron Man” & J.H. Sheadle 15’ 46°34.08’N 087°23.17’W Novice 12 Nov 1920 Charles J. Kershaw 25’ 46°30.56’N 087°21.81’W Novice 29 Sept 1895 D. Leuty 40’ 46°32.76’N 087°22.44’W Novice 31 Oct 1911 George Nester 20’ to 100’ 46°57.99’N 088°00.20’W Advanced — Queen City 10’ to 13’ 46°29.42’N 087°18.64’W Novice 18 Nov 1864 George Sherman 10’ to 12’ 46°29.89’N 087°09.63’W Novice 23 Oct 1887 Southwest 100’ 46°56.42’N 087°56.11’W Advanced — Superior & Marion L. 20’ 46°32.50’N 087°23.35’W Novice — 25 power and crashed after the pilot bailed out safely on June 12, 1974. The engine and most of the fuselage were recovered, but pieces of this aircraft remain lodged in the shifting sands. The Florida, two masted schooner, built in Oswego, New York in 1868 was dashed against the Marquette docks during a blizzard on November 17, 1886 with the loss of one life. Partly buried in the sand are framing and planking just outside the cribs of an old dock. Located south of Whetstone Brook and just north of the DeSoto wreck site. The DeSoto, launched on April 10, 1856 stranded and broke up on Dec 4, 1869. Some framing and planking make this site suitable for divers and snorkelers alike.

INFORMATION: Marquette Country Convention & Vistors Bureau 2552 U.S Highway 41 West, Suite 300 Marquette, MI 49855 1 800 544-4321 Email: [email protected] Website: www.marquettecountry.org

DIVER SERVICES: Diver Down Scuba Shop, Inc. 717 N. Third St. Marquette, MI 49855 (906) 225-1699 Charters, air station, equipment sales/rentals, instruction www.diverdownscuba.com

Report theft of shipwreck artifacts 1-800-292-7800

26 Sanilac Shores Underwater Preserve Some of the most exciting shipwreck diving in the Great Lakes is found in the 163 square mile Sanilac Shores Underwater Preserve in Lake Huron. One of the most famous shipwrecks in the preserve is the Regina, a 250 foot steel package freighter that sank in the a fierce gale in 1913. The vessel was dis- covered in 1986. The Regina rests upside down in 80 feet of water with the structure of the ship rising 25 feet from the bottom. Some cargo lies scattered adjacent to the wreck. Visibility at this site and throughout the preserve is variable and ranges from 10 to 40 feet. Another popular dive site is the wreck of the Sport, a 57 foot steel- hulled tugboat that sank in a gale in December 1920. The vessel lies mostly upright with a starboard list in about 50 feet of water and rises about 20 feet from the bottom. In 1992, Michigan’s first underwater historical marker was placed on the Sport to inform divers about the historical significance of the vessel. The Checotah was a schooner that sank while being towed in 1906. Although the stern is broken and scattered, this wreck offers excellent diving with many unusual artifacts. The New York was a steamer that foundered in heavy seas in 1876. The vessel is especially interesting because of its oscillating steam engines. The New York, like many shipwrecks in this preserve, has many interesting artifacts associated with it. The Checotah and New York sites should only be explored by advanced divers, according to local charter operators. These vessels lie within a few hundred yards of each other in about 120 feet of water. The Mary Alice B. is the newest wreck found in the preserve and has become very popular. Advanced divers will have an easy dive, as this totally intact vessel sits upright in 94 feet of water. Other popular dive sites include the North Star, Col. A. B. Williams, and Eliza H. Strong. In addition to excellent shipwreck diving, the Sanilac Shores area offers family fun. Historic attractions, such as the Port Sanilac Lighthouse, Sanilac Petroglyphs, and Lexington’s Lake Huron Shipwreck Museum delight visitors of all ages.

27 New York Forestville  Checotah For shallow draft Col. A. B. Williams Lake (small boats) only. Huron Charles Street

F.B. Gardner

Forester  Old dock

Port Sanilac  North Star

Mary Alice B.

 Regina

Shipwreck Boat Launch Campground Lexington  Sport Marina Eliza Strong

Wreck Name Depth GPS/LAT/LON Level Date Sank Charles A. Street 10’ 43.35.50’N 082.27.50’W Novice 20 Jul 1908 Charles S. Price 75’ 43.09.174’N 082.21.174’W Advanced 9 Nov 1913 Checotah 117’ 43.36.107’N 082.28.170’W Advanced 30 Oct 1906 City of Genoa 64’ 43.08.78’N 082.22.31’W Intermediate 26 Aug 1911 Col. A.B. Williams 80’ 43.36.235’N 082.30.805’W Advanced 1864 Eliza H. Strong 22’ 43.15.709’N 082.30.581’W Novice 26 Oct 1904 F.B. Gardner 55’ 43.31.63’N 082.31.77’W Intermediate 15 Sep 1904 John Breeden 45’ 43.12.640’N 082.26.240’W Novice 1 Jul 1899 City of Milwaukee 170’ — — Technical 5 Nov 1875 Mary Alice B. 92’ 43.22.309’N 082.26.301’W Advanced 5 Sep 1975 Canisteo 98’ 43.14.142’N 082.18.292’W Advanced 25 Oct 1920 New York 117’ 43.36.23’N 082.28.272’W Advanced Sep 1856 North Star 96’ 43.23.954’N 082.26.524’W Advanced 25 Nov 1908 Queen City 45’ 43.09.124’N 082.25.711’W Novice 18 Aug 1863 Regina 77’ 43.20.434’N 082.26.787’W Advanced 9 Nov 1913 Sport 45’ 43.16.008’N 082.27.892’W Novice 13 Dec 1920 Sweetheart 20’ 43.02.45’N 082.23.15’W Novice — 28 INFORMATION: MUSEUM: Lexington Chamber of Commerce Lake Huron Shipwreck & Maritime Center 5475 Main Street 38 S. Ridge St. (M-25), Port Sanilac, MI Lexington, MI 48450 810-622-8635 810-359-2262, www.cros-lex-chamber.com www.ring.com/counties/saniattr.htm

DIVER SERVICES: Dive Inn Watersports Four Fathoms Diving 3858 24th Ave., Port Huron, MI 48060 7320 Main Street, Port Huron, MI 48469 810 987-6263, www.diveinnwatersports.com 810 622-DIVE (3483) www.fourfathoms.com Air station, equipment sales/rentals, instruction Air station, equipment sales/rentals, instruction

• Specializing in Recreational & Technical Dive Charters. • Coast Guard Inspected for up to 12 Divers. • Monday through Sunday Dive Charters. • Contact us for information & dates @ www.rectecdivecharters.com

Captain Gary D. Venet Sr. Phone/Fax: 586-263-6606

Dealer for Drager Rebreather DIVE INN WATERSPORTS Your complete Equipment, Service & Training Center 3858 24th Ave. Port Huron, MI 48060 (810) 987-6263 www.diveinnwatersports.com Experienced Professional Instruction Openwater Diver to Instructor Fills Classes Air, Nitrox, Mixed Gas Nitrox, Mixed Gas, Rebreather, Deco, & Argon Extended Range, Advanced Wreck

29 A PADI National Geographic Dive Center 3380 Washtenaw Avenue Ann Arbor, Michigan (734) 971 7770 PADI Diving Society Chapter Š Equipment Sales and Service Š Recreational Activities for the Whole Family Š DSAT Technical Diving Center Š Drive and Dive Experts Tropical Travel Specialists Š Shipwreck Excursions and Training Š National Geographic Adventures Š

www.diversinc.com

Report theft of shipwreck artifacts 1-800-292-7800

30 Southwest Michigan Underwater Preserve Shipwrecks are links to the past. The Great Lakes have EST MIC HW H provided transportation for Michigan’s inhabitants T IG U A for hundreds of years. Thousands of vessels have sailed O N S these “inland seas” including canoes, car ferries, steam U

E N engines. The maritime heritage of Southwest Michigan V D R is especially rich because of the variety and duration of ER E W S human activity. Native Americans, for example, likely ATER RE P found the region’s network of rivers and lakes a convenient means of transportation because rivers eventually flow into Lake Michigan. It is reasonable to expect that the near-shore waters were used by Native Americans on relatively calm days. Dugout and birch bark canoes and similar small craft were likely the only means of water transportation available to them. European settlement came to southwestern Michigan in the early 1800’s. Land was cleared and agricultural centers grew. By 1835, Native Americans were nearly completely displaced and small coastal communities sprang up. In additional to agricultural activities, the region was also an important source of timber and tanbark. It was necessary to clear the land of trees before planting could begin and entrepreneurs found a ready market for lumber. Because there were few natural harbors, and river mouths often filled with sand, piers were constructed on Lake Michigan bottomland to accommodate growing shipping activity. Also, South Haven, St. Joseph, Holland, Saugatuck, and other coastal communities enjoyed a steady shipbuilding industry. Historical photos of area harbors depict busy ports jammed with lumber hookers, scow schooners, and steamers. Several saw mills were once located on the Black River near its mouth in the mid to late 1800’s. Millions of board feet of lumber were loaded from the mills onto waiting lumber hookers, relatively small steam boats designed to carry lumber on its deck for delivery to Great Lakes ports. Schooners and larger steam boats were also used to transport lumber from Lake Michigan coastal communities. Fruit growing was an early practice in southwest Michigan. The soil, topography, and climate, which is moderated by Lake Michigan, offers prime fruit-growing conditions. Orchards of applies, pears, and peaches in the mid to late 1800’s were later supplemented with grapes, blueberries, and other crops. A ready market for fruits grown in the region was found in Chicago and other Lake Michigan communities. In addition, related industries arose. A large basket factory was founded in South Haven in 1879 and canning companies in the 1890’s. Commercial shipping, particularly small package freighters, were used to transport various products across the Great Lakes to markets in rapidly growing coastal communities. With these products traveled accounts of the region’s beauty and natural resources. These accounts gave rise to the region’s important resort industry. On November 13, 1999, The State of Michigan formally dedicated the 31 Muskegon Michigan Ironsides  Commercial Grand Barge Haven Lake Potter’s Barge Port Michigan Sheldon Holland Crane/Barge Francie North Shore Tug Saugatuck Fireboat Douglas Hatch Cover John Butler Johnson II Clay Banks Pier Cove Verano Hennepin Rockaway  Ann Arbor 5 South Haven

Havana Shipwreck Boat Launch  Other Features  Benton Harbor Grand Mere St. Joseph Rocks

New Buffalo Michigan Michigan City Indiana Wreck Name Depth GPS/LAT/LON Level Date Sank Rockaway 60’-70’ 42 26.536’N 086 18.403’W Intermediate 19 Nov 1891 Havana 45’ 42 11.690’N 086 25.631’W Novice 3 Oct. 1887 Verano 55’ 42 30.412’N 086 15.832’W Intermediate 1946 Francie 102’ 42 41.350’N 086 16.932’W Advanced 1980’s Commercial Barge 250’ 42 46.802’ N 086 24.025’W Technical — Crane & Barge 45’ 42 42.71’N 086 13.92’W Intermediate — Potter’s Barge 200’ 42 53.655’N 086 22.209’W Technical — Barge 54’ 42 42.71’N 086 13.92’W Intermediate — Clay Banks 40’ 1000’ north of the Verano Intermediate John Butler Johnson II clay banks 42 34.885’N 08615.436’W Beginner — Fireboat 75’ 42 38.144’N 086 15.840’W Advanced — Ann Arbor No. 5 160’ 42 22.760’N 086 27.427’W Technical 1969 Ironsides 121’ 43 02.903’N 086 19.138’W Advanced 14 Sept 1873 North Shore tug 150’ 42 40.153’N 086 19.551’W Technical 1980’s H.C. Akeley 240’ to 260’ 42 39.524’N 086 31.637’W Technical 11 Nov 1883 Michigan 270’ not yet released as of 8/06 Technical 1885 Hennepin 230’ not yet released as of 8/06 Technical 1927 Chicora not yet found 32 Southwest Michigan Underwater Preserve as the tenth preserve in Michigan waters. The preserve boundaries range from just north of Holland south along the shore of Lake Michigan to Bridgman, near the Indiana border. The preserve extends from the shoreline to the 130 foot depth, or five miles offshore, whichever is closer. The preserve encompasses communities such as New Buffalo, St. Joseph, Benton Harbor, South Haven, Douglas, Saugatuck and Holland. There are numerous shipwrecks in and around the preserve, as well as geological formations including clay banks, underwater rock piles and piers. Presently seventeen sites have been documented in and near the preserve. Some of the more popular sites are the Rockaway, Havana, Verano, Clay Banks, North Shore Tug and Ironsides. The Rockaway was a 107’ schooner lost in a storm while carrying lumber from Ludington to Benton Harbor. The wreck lies in 70 feet and has been the focus of archaeological studies for years. The Havana, a 135’ schooner, sank slowly after taking on water during high seas. The wreck lies in 50 feet of water with keelson, centerboard trunk, hanging knees, and floor framing exposed so divers can get a good view of this ship’s construction. The Verano was a 92’ yacht that foundered in heavy seas on its way from Chicago to Holland. The wreck, now in 55 feet of water, still has keys in the ignition. Many artifacts can be found by exploring around this site. The South Haven Clay Banks are one of the more interesting geological formations of the Southwest Preserve. These banks stretch over many acres and include small grottos, trenches and structures rising as high as 15 feet off the bottom. Divers should use a compass and tow a flag while diving in this area. Some of the deeper wrecks in the area include the steamer Ironsides, North Shore Tug and the H.C. Akeley (once thought to be the long sought Chicora). The Ironsides, which foundered in 1873 with a cargo of general freight. The ship was built to haul iron ore on Lake Superior during the Civil War. Unlike steamers on the lower lakes, ships designed to run along Lake Superior’s wild lonely shore were often equipped with twin boilers, engines, and propellers The Ironsides was a twin engine wooden hulled steamer of 231 feet supported by twin arches running port and starboard. After the war the demand for iron dropped and the Ironsides was sold. After hauling freight and passengers around Lake Michigan it foundered off Grand Haven during a storm. This wreck lies outside the preserve in 120 feet of water. Most of the ship has settled into the sand, but the area around the engines has some of the structure intact. This wreck is an excellent dive for the experienced diver, but visibility can vary greatly from zero to thirty feet. The North Shore Tug was scuttled and sank in about 150 feet of water, and is a technical dive with fishing lines, loose railing and other items that could cause entanglement. The Akeley, not confirmed, but suspected, was found in 2001 after years of searching by the Southwest Michigan Underwater preserve committee and its members. This wreck was found while searching for the Chicora, and is in 240—280 feet of water.

33 INFORMATION: DIVER SERVICES: Southwest Michigan Underwater Preserve Adventures in Diving, Inc. C/O Adventures In Diving, Inc. 960 Butternut Drive, Suite 100 960 Butternut Drive, Suite 100 Holland, MI 49423 Holland, MI 49423 (616) 994-DIVE (3483) (616) 994-DIVE (3483) Fax (616) 994-9993 Fax (616) 994-9993 www.swmup.org Email: [email protected] www.goscuba.net MUSEUM: Equipment sales/rentals, instruction, travel Michigan Maritime Museum 260 Dyckman Avenue Great Lakes Dive Locker South Haven, Michigan. Phone (269) 637-8078 or (800) 747-3810 49009 S. Division Fax (269) 637-1594 Wyoming, MI 49548 Lightkeeper’s Dwelling (269) 637-9156 Phone: 616-531-9440 www.michiganmaritimemuseum.org www.gldl.com E-mail: [email protected] J.R. Aquatic Center 3003 S. 11th Street Niles, MI 49120 (616) 684-7007 www.jraquatic.com

Obsession Charters Grand Haven, Michigan (616) 847-2908, cell (231)-321-1531 [email protected]

Scuba Emporium Alsip and Orland Park, Illinois 800 778-DIVE (3483) www.scubaemporium.com

EST MIC Promoting the HW H T IG Protection & Appreciation U A of Southwest Michigan’s O N S Underwater Maritime Heritage U E For information on diving activities, programs, N V membership & donation opportunities, D R E contact SWMUP c/o Adventures in Diving RW SE AT RE 960 Butternut Drive., Holland MI 49423 ER P (616) 994-3483 • Fax (616) 994-9993 • www.swmup org

34 Straits of Mackinac Shipwreck Preserve The 148 square miles of the Straits of Mackinac Underwater Preserve is located at the northern tip of two of the Great Lakes, Lake Michigan and Lake Huron. The five-mile long Mackinac Bridge, which links Michigan’s upper and lower peninsulas, marks the boundary between these two lakes, splitting the preserve in half. The Straits have always had a reputation as a dangerous area for ships. Storms originating in the lower Lakes can funnel through the Straits, magnifying wind and waves. Over the years a number of ships foundered, or were driven ashore. One of the more popular shipwrecks in Lake Huron, the William H. Barnum, foundered during an early season storm as it was running up the lake from Chicago with a load of grain during the first trip of theseason in 1894. The wreck now lies in about 70 feet of water. Another popular dive site in this preserve is the wreck of the Sandusky. This 110-foot sailing vessel had two masts and a square stern. It sank in a gale in September 1856 and is remarkably preserved. It sits upright in 90 feet of water and is among the few shipwrecks in the Great Lakes to sport a figurehead. Divers will find a kedge anchor, pin rail, wheel and tiller. A more recent shipwreck in the preserve is the Cedarville, which was a 588 foot self-unloading freighter that sank with a load of limestone in 1965 after a collision. The Cedarville was heading west and approaching the Straits of Mackinac in a fog when it was struck by the Norwegian vessel Topdalsfijord. The Cedarville is in about 110 feet of water with the hull of the vessel within 35 feet of the surface. The ship’s superstructure and cabins lie at 75 feet almost upside down. The ship has many opportunities for penetration, but can silt to zero visibility inside. Caution for all divers going inside is recommended. Another site is the C.H. Johnson, which can be reached from shore off Gros Cap Road west of St. Ignace. The C.H. Johnson was a schooner that ran aground in a storm in 1895. It was carrying large sandstone blocks, which are found on the wreck site. Divers enjoy this site because it is protected from most storms and many small artifacts, such as tools, can be found. Large fish generally hide between and under large stone blocks. The C.H. Johnson is in 10 to 15 feet of water and makes an interesting dive for divers of all skill levels. The latest wreck to be discovered in the Straits of Mackinac is the schooner William Young. The Young was accidentally found by Michigan State Police search and rescue divers during a missing person search on the East side of the Mackinac bridge in August of 2002. The wreck is upright and intact in 120 feet of water, in the shipping lane, about a mile east of the bridge. Divers have experienced current on the surface and bottom. Evidently all lower cabins were removed to provide more cargo capacity, 35 Lake Lake Michigan  Huron Mackinac St. Helena Island Island St. Ignace Fred  Rock Maze McBrier Dump Barge Round Island Eber Ward Wm. Young  Uganda Colonel Martin Stalker Ellsworth Sandusky Cedarville Maitland Bois Blanc Minneapolis Island McGulpin Waugoshance Point  Newell Eddy Point  Northwest Mackinaw William H. Barnum ➔ City

Cayuga St. Andrew Sturgeon Bay Shipwreck Boat Launch Campground Marina Wreckage  Lighthouse

Wreck Name Depth GPS/LAT/LON Level Date Sank William H. Barnum 58’ to 75’ 45 44.42’N 084 37.53’W Intermediate 3 April 1894 Cayuga 75’ to 102’ 45’ 43.19’N 085 11.36’W Advanced 10 May 1895 Cedarville 40’ to 106’ 45 47.13’N 084 40.13’W Advanced 7 May 1965 Eber Ward 111’ to 143’ 45 48.83’N 084 49.04’W Advanced 9 April 1909 Fred McBrier 96’ to 104’ 45 48.11’N 085 55.09’W Advanced 3 Oct. 1890 Maitland 85’ 45 49.20’N 085 52.29’W Advanced 11 June 1871 Minneapolis 124’ 45 48.32’N 084 50.08’W Advanced 4 April 1894 Newell Eddy 165’ 45 46.89’N 084 13.81’W Advanced April 1893 Northwest 75’ 45 47.32’N 084 51.30’W Advanced 6 April 1898 Rock Maze to 35’ 45 54.862’N 084 36.402’W Novice — Sandusky 70’ to 85’ 45 48.09’N 084 50.08’W Advanced 20 Sept 1856 Martin Stalker 85’ 45 47.38’N 084 41.04’W Advanced 5 Nov 1886 St. Andrew 62’ 45 42.07’N 084 31.46’W Intermediate 26 June 1878 Uganda 185’ to 207’ 45 50.30’N 085 03.49’W Technical 19 April 1913 William Young 120’ 45 48.79’N 084 41.91’W Advanced 1891

36 probably during conversion to a tow barge. The aft two thirds of the hull is filled with coal to within a couple of feet below the main deck. Forward the bow is split open with coal, anchors and anchor chain spilled into the sand. It is possible to swim through the open bow area and aft to the forward hatch. As stated above, the rest of the wreck is filled with coal. A mast lies along the starboard side, on the bottom. Some deadeyes can be found along the rail. The wheel is still in place next to the rudderpost on the rear deck. These sites, and many other wrecks in this area, are served by dive charter services in St. Ignace. Recently, a team of divers discovered an unusual rock formation just a few hundred yards east of Mackinac Island The formation resembles an underwater maze and is called the “Rock Maze”. It offers excellent photography opportunities as well as a chance to see large schools of fish and protection from westerly winds. This site is buoyed but boaters should be cautious about entering the area because of rock formations nearby. The St. Ignace Harbor served the third oldest city in the U.S. As a result, artifacts from man’s earliest activities, even before European occupation, may be found in this area. One harbor dive site is found at the northernmost point of the bay at the end of Hazelton Street. Divers can enter here and swim toward the end of the old mill slip to find discarded tools, machinery, household items, and wreckage from an unknown vessel. Another shore-access dive site is located near the south end of the St. Ignace Harbor off State Street. This site is found at a city park and is marked with an interpretive sign. Divers can explore dock ruins and discover anchors, pottery, tools, machinery, and many other items discarded from vessels loading at the nearby dock. Whenever diving in St. Ignace Harbor it is important to stay out of the ferry lanes and display a divers’ flag. Visibility in this preserve ranges from 2 to 70 feet, depending upon currents that are sometimes found here. Generally, however, visibility is greater than 10 feet and divers are able to enjoy one of the finest shipwreck collections in the world comfortably. All major dive sites are buoyed. Diving from the shore, it is possible to see personal items lost by passengers aboard turn-of-the-century ships that plied the waters of the Great Lakes. A new waterfront park offers shore access to an area containing anchors, dock ruins and many small artifacts. The Straits of Mackinac is a wonderful vacation destination. St. Ignace, Mackinaw City and Mackinac Island offer plenty of lodging, fine restaurants, charter services and air. In addition, the area offers a wide variety of shopping, many historical attractions and special events for the entire family to enjoy throughout the year.

INFORMATION: DIVER SERVICES: St. Ignace Chamber of Commerce Scuba North, Inc. 560 N. State Street, St.Ignace, MI 49781 13380 W. Bay Shore Drive, Traverse City, MI 49684 (906) 643-8717, (800) 338-6660 (231) 947-2520 www.stignace.com www.scubanorth.com Charters, air station, equipment sales/rentals, instruction Wolf’s Diver’s Supply, Inc. 250 W. Main Street, Benton Harbor, MI 49022 (269) 926-1068 www.wolfsdivers.com

37 Dive the Straits Ad b 2006 3/1/06 3:25 PM Page 1

Dive the Straits of Mackinac from The story of European settlement of the continent is captured in time and rests on the bottom of the Straits of Mackinac Underwater Preserve. Here, schooners, steamers, and artifacts are perfectly preserved and waiting for divers to discover and explore.

Photos By: Cliff Roberts, Royal Oak, MI & Matt Schultz, Madison, WI Annual Treasure Hunt EVERYONE WINS with fun and great diving at the Straits! 2nd Sunday in August Call the Chamber of Commerce to confirm date & purchase tickets. Treasure Hunt at American Legion Park, Downtown For more information, contact: Straits Underwater Preserve Committee St. Ignace Chamber of Commerce 560 N. State Street, St. Ignace, MI 49781 906-643-8717 • 800-970-8717 • [email protected] DRIIFTWO O D Great Diving Facilities SPORTS BAR & GRIILL AND MOTEL in St. Ignace Located directly across the street from the Scuba Center Boat Launch • Public Marina and Star Line Main Dock. Come and unwind in the • Ramps for 4 Boats • Close to Shopping, Sports Bar after your dive • Protected Breakwall Dining, and Boardwalk and then relax in affordable • Large Paved Parking Area • 136 All-New Slips comfort in our motel! • Restroom Facilities • Restrooms, Showers Open year-round, serving breakfast, lunch, and dinner. • Easy access • Gas & Diesel • 24-Hour Security • Pumpouts 590 N. State Street St. Ignace • Reservations by Phone • 30 and 50 Amp Service (800) 447-2757 • Picnic Facilities (906) 643-9133 or (906) 643-7744 Marina Information • (906) 643-8131

38 Thumb Area Bottomland Preserve There are nineteen major shipwrecks in the 276 square miles of the Thumb Area Bottomland Preserve in lower Lake Huron. Although there were never any major communities in this region, ships traveling between Buffalo and western ports such as Duluth, Milwaukee and Chicago made this area a busy place where storms, accidents and fires claimed their share of vessels. Divers can expect to find shipwrecks in a variety of conditions, from intact to very broken up. Visibility in this region is often excellent, with up to 50 feet not uncommon. This Preserve contains many shipwrecks that have yet to be located. When diving in this area, look for debris trails that could lead to important and exciting discoveries. Known ships include the Philadelphia and Albany, which collided in a 1893 accident. The Philadelphia rests upright on the bottom in 130 feet of water. This 236 foot steamer is mostly intact and divers may be surprised to find a cook stove still resting on the deck. The Albany, a 267 foot steel steamer southeast of the Philadelphia, was under tow after the collision when it sank in about 150 feet of water. Both vessels offer excellent diving, but because of the depth, divers should have adequate experience before visiting these sites. Visibility ranges from 5 to 15 feet. Also found here are the Arctic, a steamer which sprang a leak and foundered with no lives lost. The engine is very distinctive. The Dunderburg, a schooner with a very unusual figurehead, was lost after a collision about four miles off of Harbor Beach. Glenorchy was a 365’ steel steamer which collided with the Leonard B. Miller. The wreck is located about ten miles east southeast of Harbor Beach. Goliath was a package and bulk freight steamer which exploded on Lake Huron, taking 18 souls to the bottom. The ship caught fire and sparks reached the cargo of general freight and 200 kegs of blasting powder. The main features are a tall, upright engine, boiler, stove, and unusual early propellers. John McGean was a large steel freighter which went missing with all hands in the Great Storm of November 9-11, 1913, and lies upside down. “Mystery Schooner” is also called the “Challenge,” referring to the daunting task of identifying it. Waverly was a wooden steamer which sank with its coal cargo in a collision with the steamer Turret Court, on July 22, 1903 with no loss of life. A popular site for divers of lesser experience is the Chickamauga, which foundered in 1919. A double-deck schooner, 322’ long, it is found about 1/2 mile east of the Harbor Beach harbor, a relatively protected area, so heavy seas rarely interfere with dive plans. The Thumb Area Bottomland Preserve has been the focus of remote sensing projects, which have led to new discoveries. Other dive sites include the Hunter Savidge, Glenorchy, Iron Chief, Daniel J. Morrell, Governor Smith, and Enterprise. Besides shipwrecks, divers visiting this area will enjoy caves created by eroded limestone, located near the edge of the reef near Port Austin Lighthouse. Grindstones, which were used in manufacturing, can be found off Grindstone City, where they were once manufactured. This area has many boat launches and marinas capable of serving sport divers who bring their own boats. 39 Daniel J. Morrell

Detroit E. P. Dorr Governor Smith Albany Iron Chief Hunter Savidge Caves Grindstones Philadelphia

Pointe Aux   Pointe Barques Aux Port Barques  light Lake Austin Grindstone  City Huron

Mystery Schooner

McGean Port Hope 

Dunderburg Marquis

Shipwreck Boat Launch Chickamauga Marina Other features Harbor Glenorchy Lighthouse Beach  Goliath

Thumb Area Arctic Bottomland Preserve

Wreck Name Depth GPS/LAT/LON Level Date Sank Arctic 131’ 43 41.462’N 082 28.712’W Advanced 5 Sept 1893 Chickamauga 32’ 43 50.950’N 082 37.430’W Novice 2 Sept 1919 Detroit 200’ 44 13.611’N 082 45.435’W Technical 25 May 1854 Dunderburg 155’ 43 55.641’N 082 33.391’W Advanced 13 Aug 1868 Glenorchy 120’ 43 48.39’N 082 31.68’W Advanced 29 Oct 1924 Goliath 104’ 43 47.008’N 082 32.721’W Advanced 13 Sept 1848 John McGean 195’ 43 57.196’N 082 31.717’W Advanced 10 Nov 1913 Mystery schooner 145’ 43 57.851’N 082 35.018’W Advanced — Daniel J. Morrell stern 218’ 44 15.478’N 082 50.088’W Technical 29 Nov 1966 Daniel J. Morrell bow 205’ 44 18.320’N 082 45.161’W Technical 29 Nov 1966

40 INFORMATION: DIVER SERVICES: Lighthouse County Park Great Lakes Odyssey 7320 Lighthouse Road 355 Connecticut Ave. Port Hope, MI 48468 Marysville, MI 48040 989) 428-4749 810) 364-4974 Open May 1—Oct. 1 Charters

EXPLORER CHARTERS Recreational and Technical Diving in & around the Thumb Area Preserve Depths between 15’ (Port Austin Caves) and 200’ (Daniel J. Morrell) Air/Nitro/Trimix available—Please call for schedule & rates www.explorercharters.net 9156 Sue Drive, Pigeon, MI 48755 cell (989) 550-1234 home (989) 856-3182 fax (989) 269-9021 [email protected]

ALL SEASONS DIVING COMPANY POB 90 Dryden, MI 48428-0090 USA Phone: (810) 796-2357 [email protected] www.AllSeasonsDivingcom Great Lakes Adventure Diving Charters Marine & Diving Medic Services, Oxygen, 1st Aid, CPR/AED Training Captain Tom Mercier BS NREMTP U.S.C.G. Licensed Merchant Marine Master Master Instructor Diver Medical Technician – Advanced Hyperbaric Medical Technician - CHT Paramedic – ACLS Wilderness Medical Trained - WEMTP Trimix Extended Range, Full Cave, Mixed Gas Blender

41 Thunder Bay National Marine Sanctuary & Underwater Preserve Lake Huron’s mercurial weather – its murky fog banks and sudden gales – coupled with rocky shoals helped Thun- der Bay earn the unfortunate name of “Shipwreck Alley”. During the 19th and 20th centuries, scores of vessels ended their careers on the lake floor off Alpena. Many of the wrecks remain undiscovered. On October 7, 2000 in Alpena, Michigan Governor John Engler and Elgie Holstein, Senior Advisor to the U.S. Secretary of Commerce, hosted the official designation ceremony for the Thunder Bay National Marine Sanctuary and Underwater Preserve. The designation by NOAA creates the first Great Lakes national marine sanctuary and builds on the existing state underwater preserve designated in 1981. NOAA and the State of Michigan jointly manage the underwater cultural resources. The new 448 square mile sanctuary and underwater preserve protects over 100 historically significant shipwrecks, 33 of which are buoyed for diving. The remain- ing reported wrecks are yet to be discovered. Thunder Bay’s shipwrecks chronicle 19th and 20th century vessels with known sites dating from 1849 to 1966. The joint NOAA and State management focuses on cultural resource protec- tion, education, research and recreation. Current activities include archaeological surveys of Thunder Bay wrecks, installing 35 mooring buoys and a future video link from the wrecks to classrooms. The new Great Lakes Maritime Heritage Center offers 8ooo feet of exhibit space, artifacts, models, interpretive panels and documentaries on the estimated 200 shipwrecks in and around Thunder Bay. Three of the more popular sites visited by SCUBA divers are the MONTANA, GRECIAN and E.B. ALLEN. Other sites range in depth from 12 feet to 200 feet, offering diving from novice to technical and representing many types of Great Lakes vessels. More detailed information can be found on the web sites www.divealpena.com, www.alpenacvb.com and www.TBscuba.com. The MONTANA was a 235-foot wooden steamer that burned to the waterline and sank in 1914. The wreck lies in 70feet of water and the double steeple com- pound engine rises 30 feet from the bottom. This site offers great photography and lots of fish sightings. East of the MONTANA lies the steel steamer GRECIAN that sank in 1906 in 105 feet of water. The deck is at 75 feet of water and divers can explore her triple expansion engine, boiler, decks and cargo holds. Because the amidships is col- lapsed and disorienting, mooring buoys are placed at bow and stern for diver safety. The bow offers interesting photo opportunities, as it rests upright and intact. The E.B.ALLEN is a wooden schooner hull resting intact on a sand bottom in 95feet of water. In 1871 the E.B.ALLEN with a cargo of grain in fog was struck by the bark NEWSBOY two miles southeast of Thunder Bay Island. The colli- sion damage to her port side tells the story of her loss. 42 Portsmouth Middle Lake Island Huron  Nordmeer

Alpena D.R. Hanna  William P. Misery Bay Sinkholes Rend Lucinda Van Valkenburg Shamrock New Orleans W.P. Thew Unknown Oscar T. wrecks Flint Monohansett Isaac M. Scott Scanlon’s Barge Wooden North Pt. Monrovia Barge Wrecks E. B. Allen Partridge Point Sulphur Montana Viator Island Grecian Pewabic

 Nellie Gardner Ossineke

South Shipwreck Point Boat Launch Campground Marina

Wreck Name Depth GPS/LAT/LON Level Date Sank Oscar T. Flint 28’ to 36’ 45 01.48’N 083 20.69’W Novice 25 Nov 1909 Barge #14 5’ 45 00.84’N 083 18.08’W Novice 8 Nov 1918 New Orleans 15’ 45 02.47’N 083 14.24’W Novice 11 June 1849 Montana 33’ to 74’ 44 58.97’N 083 15.495’W Intermediate 7 Sept 1914 Grecian 70’ to 105’ 44 57.98’N 083 11.93’W Advanced 7 June 1906 Nordmeer to 40’ 45 08.07’N 083 09.35’W Novice 19 Nov 1966 Monrovia 90’ to 150’ 44 58.93’N 082 55.26’W Technical 25 June 1959 Isaac M. Scott 180’ 45 02.98’N 083 02.20’W Technical 9 Nov 1913 New York 90’ 43 36.23’N 082 28.24’W Technical 22 May 1914 Pewabic 148’ to 168’ 44 57.82’N 083 05.96’W Technical 9 Aug 1865 Nellie Gardner 15’ to 20’ 44 53.55’N 083 19.50’W Novice 14 Oct 1883

There are a number of shipwrecks not shown within the confines of the Thunder Bay National Marine Sanctuary map shown above, as well as several notable examples not located within the Preserve. We highly recommend further research, as recommended, into more detail than we can show here by accessing www.divealpena.com, www.alpenacvb.com and www.TBscuba.com.

43 ® Captain Paul Rebori 414 N. Gremps • Paw Paw, MI 49079 www.greatlakesdivecharters.com [email protected] (269) 657-6423

44 Serving SCUBA divers from recreational to technical with SCUBA and snorkeling equipment sales, service, rentals, instruction & travel

Aquatic Adventures

To Educate and Explore

Aquatic Adventures of MI, LLC. 2100 Grand River Annex, Ste. 100 Brighton, MI 48114 866-600-DIVE (3483) www.AquaticAdventuresofMI.com

PADI IDC 5 Star Facility Air, nitrox, trimix, O2 & argon fills

45 Whitefish Point Underwater Preserve Whitefish Point Reaches into Lake Superior at the Southeast end of the Lake, providing the geographic separation between the “Greatest Lake”, Whitefish Bay and the entrance to the Soo Locks. The locks connect Lake Superior with the Saint Mary’s River and the lower Lakes. All traffic must pass through the bay and around Whitefish Point before entering or leaving Lake Superior. The “Point” provides a natural shelter for ships during late November gales sweeping across the big lake from the Northwest. The last major shipwreck in the Great Lakes, the Edmund Fitzgerald in 1975, was making for the shelter of Whitefish Bay when it foundered about 17 miles short of Whitefish Point. High traffic, unpredictable fog, early spring and late fall storms have left the area with the highest concentration of shipwrecks in Lake Superior. Because many of the wrecks were the result of collisions and lie under the shipping lanes, it is advisable to keep a close watch for commercial traffic when diving in this area. The cold clear waters in this area have left the wrecks in excellent condition. They range from an early schooner, Niagara, to wood steam barges, Vienna, John Osborn, Samuel Mather, and modern steel Lake freighters Superior City and John B. Cowle. Unlike the lower Lakes, zebra mussels have yet to inhabit the Whitefish Point Underwater Preserve. This is one of the last places to experience Great Lakes shipwreck diving as the original generation of divers did. Most of the wrecks lie below the sport diving depth of 130 feet. Some, such as the John Osborn at 165 feet are within the range of deep air; while others, like the Superior City at 270 feet require mixed gas. Heavy technical gear with dry suits and argon inflation systems are considered normal for diving in this deep cold area of the Lakes. A few the wrecks can be dove with a single and wet suit, especially in the later summer months of August and September when prevailing western winds drive the warm surface water from the Big Lake into Whitefish Bay. The Miztec and Myron, both in 45 feet of water, are good wreck dives even for beginners. Intermediate divers can explore the 249-foot steamer Panther that sank after a collision with another vessel in 1916. A more modern wreck is that of the wooden barge Sadie Thompson which is said to have broken free and sank during the construction of the Harbor of Refuge one mile south of the Point. Divers returning from exploring the shipwrecks in this preserve can make the trip to the restored lighthouse and museum at the tip of Whitefish Point. The museum has an exhibit showing artifacts and a scale model from every wreck in the preserve. They also display the ship’s bell from the last major shipwreck in the Lakes, the Edmund Fitzgerald. Later, stories can be swapped with dive buddies at the Yukon Inn, the last Tamarack bar in Michigan. Divers using their own boats will find launches at Whitefish Point, Little Lake Harbor, Tahquamenon Rivermouth, Brimley State Park, and Bay Mills.

46 Lake Superior

Indiana John Osborn John Mitchell Eureka Niagara John B. Cowle Nimic Miztec Myron Drake Crisp  Point Whitefish Vienna Point Comet Isle Zillah Parisienne Little Superior City Lake Shelldrake Panther  River Sadie Thompson Tahquamenon Falls Samuel Mather Shipwreck  Paradise Boat Launch Whitefish Campground Bay  Lighthouse Sagamore

Wreck Name Depth GPS/LAT/LON Level Date Sank Comet 200’ to 230’ 46 43.02’N 084 52.00W Technical 26 Aug 1875 John B. Cowle 170’ to 220’ 46 44.435’N 084 57.877’W Technical 12 July 1909 Drake 40’ to 50’ 46 46.75’N 085 05.87’W Intermediate 2 Oct 1901 Eureka 50’ to 55’ 46 50.15’N 085 10.76’W Intermediate 20 Oct 1886 Indiana 100’ to 115’ 46 48’66’N 085 17.16’W Advanced 6 June 1858 Samuel Mather 140’ to 170’ 46 34.308’N 084 42.325’W Technical 22 Nov 1891 Mitchell 120’ to 150’ 46 50.05’N 085 04.81’W Technical 1907 Miztec 45’ to 55’ 46 48.073’N 085 04 500’W Intermediate 15 May 1921 Myron 45’ to 55’ 46 48.463’N 085 01.646’W Intermediate 12 July 1909 Niagara 90’ to 100’ 46 49.173’N 085 07.488’W Advanced 7 Sept 1887 Osborn 145’ to 165’ 46 51.974’N 085 05.210’W Technical 9 July 1911 Panther 90’ to 110’ 46 38.40’N 084 48.29’W Advanced 26 June 1916 Sadie Thompson 80’ too 114’ 46 42.512’N 084 59.856’W Advanced 1950’s Sagamore 45’ to 65’ 46 31.089’N 084 37.927’W Intermediate 29 July 1901 Superior City 190’ to 270’ 46 43.51’N 084 52.37’W Technical 20 Aug 1920 Vienna 120’ to 148’ 46 44.46’N 084 57.91’W Advanced 17 Sept 1892 Zillah 230’ too 250’ 46 43.75’N 084 54.97’W Technical 29 Aug 1926

Divers and nondivers alike will enjoy a visit to this area because of the wilder- ness scenery, expansive beaches, Tahquamenon Falls State Park, and the Great Lakes Shipwreck Museum located at the tip of the point. The museum offers divers an opportunity to learn about the rich maritime heritage of the region.

47 INFORMATION: DIVER SERVICES: Paradise Area Tourism Council Superior Coast Divers, Inc./Curley’s Motel P.O. Box 82 • Paradise MI 49768 P.O. Box 49, Paradise, MI 49768 (906) 492-3927 (906) 492-3445 www.paradisemichigan.org Air Station & Lodging

MUSEUM: Scuba North, Inc. Great Lakes Shipwreck Museum & 13380 W. Bay Shore Drive Historical Society Traverse City, MI 49684 Whitefish Point (616) 947-2520 Paradise, MI 49768 www.scubanorth.com (906) 492-3747 • (888)492-3747 Charters, air station, equipment sales/rentals, http://www.shipwreckmuseum.org instruction Lighthouse and museum are open from May 1st until October 31st daily from 10 A.M. to 6 PM November—open Friday and Saturday only

See Maritime History Come Alive... at Whitefish Point, Michigan Artifacts, exhibits and art tell the stories of sailors and ships who braved the waters of Superior and those who were lost.

~ National Historic Site ~ ~ Shipwreck Coast Museum Store ~ ~ Shipwreck Video Theater ~ ~ Edmund Fitzgeral Memorial Bell ~ ~ Restored Lighthouse ~ ~ Museum Store ~ Open May 15 - October 15, 10-6 Daily 877-SHIPWRECK www.shipwreckmuseum.com

48 Lakefront Inn & Suite

Large Indoor Heated Pool, Whirlpool Spa and Sauna, Continental Breakfast, Queen Beds, Kings, and Mini Suites, Patio, or Balcony Lakeside Rooms, Remote Satellite TV, Touch Tone Phones w/Data Ports, Free Local Calls, HSIA, Complimentary In-Room Coffee, Handicap Rooms, 3 floors, Elevator, AARP and AAA 10% discount. Little Falls Inn/Red Flannel Saloon adjacent to hotel (seasonal). (906) 492-3770, or Best Western reservation number 1-800-937-8376

Curley’s Paradise Motel Over 35 years of supporting diving in and around the Whitefish Point Underwater Preserve. Cottages & Houses to 4 bedrooms with fireplaces (906) 492-3445 & up to 36” Color TVs 1-800 2 FOR FUN (Reservations only) 700 ft. “sugar sand” beach P.O. Box 57

Tahquamenon Falls Brewery and Pub Welcome Divers Enjoy Fine Family Dining & Handcrafted Beer and Root Beer Open year round except April & Nov. Camp 33 Serving 11:00 a.m. - 8:30 p.m.(9:00 on Sat.) Forest Primeval • Tahquamenon • Upper Falls (906) 492-3300

!YES DIVE PARADISE!! TRAVELERS MOTEL [email protected] * Charters Available * Dive Discount All Inclusive Pkgs. Available Your Host Debi Kruizenga P.O. 174, Paradise, MI 49768 (906) 492-3364 www.travelersmotel.com

49 50 1806 East Michigan Avenue Lansing, Michigan (517) 485-3894

Celebrating 25 Years in Business! _Scuba Lessons _ Equipment _ Repairs _Travel

www.zzunderwaterworld.com

Michigan Underwater Preserves Website Now Online

www.michiganpreserves.org or www.mupc.net

51 Michigan Underwater Preserves Calendar of Events

Michigan Maritime Museum (South Haven) Open year round: Tues.—Sat. 10:00—5:00 Lake Lore Saturdays—call for schedule (616) 637-8078, www.michiganmaritimemuseum.org

Manitou Passage Underwater Preserve Annual New Year’s Day Dive & Annual February Ice Dive on the Keuka, Cherry Festival (first week in July), various dive events year round. Info: Contact Scuba North (231) 947-2520, or Great Lakes Scuba (231) 943-3483, www.gtbup.org

Southwest Michigan Underwater Preserve Annual “Dive Into Marine History” event held every fall This program includes a collection of shipwreck presentations (616) 994-3483, www.swmup.org

Our World Underwater Held at the Donald E. Stephens Convention Center, Rosemont, IL during February of each year, www.ourworldunderwater.com

Whitefish Bay Underwater Preserve Fish Boil every September, Annual Edmund Fitzgerald Memorial Service, Nov. 10th, Museum Opening Mid-May—check www.shipwreckmuseum.com for dates

Thunder Bay Underwater Preserve Thunder Bay Maritime Festival, 4th of July weekend each year Annual Brown Trout Festival, mid-July—call 1-800-4-ALPENA

Straits of Mackinac Underwater Preserve Annual Treasure Hunt, Picnic & Reception August each year: Call (906) 643-8717, www.sicc.com

Marquette Underwater Preserve Treasure Hunt August each year Call Diver Down Scuba at 906-225-1699 for more info

Sanilac Shores Underwater Preserve Shipwrecks Remembered Program November each year Treasure Hunt Fund Raiser – July of each year Call Adventure Scuba (248) 615-3483, or Four Fathoms (810) 622-3483

52