ISLAM, IMAN, IHSAN the Three Foundations of Faith JUNE 28 - JULY 23, 2012/1433 COURSEPACK
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ISLAM, IMAN, IHSAN The Three Foundations of Faith JUNE 28 - JULY 23, 2012/1433 COURSEPACK 1 © 2012 Deen Intensive Foundation and its licensors. All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited without written permission from the Deen Intensive Foundation. Graphic design by Hanane Korchi. HANAFI FIQH ASCENT TO FELICITY Maraqi'l Sa‘adat By Imam Abu’l-Ikhlas al-Shurunbulali Taught by Imam Afroz Ali HANAFI FIQH Syllabus The course will guide you, inshā Allāh, regarding the main elements of Purity, Prayer and Fasting in Hanafi fiqh, to enhance your rituals and devotions and understand what is acceptable and where shortcomings must be addressed. We will cover the main topics as listed below, together with the processes, intricate rulings and methods and recommendations. Your specific questions on each topic will be addressed in each class. Rulings of Fiqh Purity • Types of water • Wudhu • Ghusl • Tayammum • Khuffain • Najāsa • Menstruation and other feminine matters Prayer • Adhān and Iqāmah • Prayer and its constituent elements, etiquettes and nullifications • The Imāmate • Nawāfil and Wājib prayers • The Friday and ‘Eid prayers Fasting • Types of fasts • Nullifications • Expiations • Recommendations for fasting • Special cases: the traveler, one who is ill • I’tikāf 3 4 HANAFI FIQH Lesson Plan Overview INTRODUCTION Lesson 1 Qualified Scholarship, Biographies, Terminology PURIFICATION Lesson 2 That Which is Permissible to Use, Types of Water, Istinja Lesson 3 Ablution Lesson 4 Purification Bath, Dry Ablution Lesson 5 Wiping the Footgear, Filth & Its Purification Lesson 6 Menstruation, Discharge PRAYER Lesson 7 Adhan, Prayer Lesson 8 Conditions of Prayer And It’s Pillars (A) Lesson 9 Conditions of Prayer And It’s Pillars (B) Lesson 10 Nullifications, That Which is Disliked Lesson 11 The Imamate Lesson 12 Witr, Superogatory Prayers, Tarawih Lesson 13 Prostration of Forgetfulness, The Recital Prostration Lesson 14 Prayer of the Traveler, The Friday Prayer Lesson 15 Eid Prayer, Funeral Prayer FASTING Lesson 16 Types of Fasting & Their Description, Intention Lesson 17 Nullifiers, Expiation Lesson 18 Disliked & Recommended, Fortuitous Circumstance, I’tikaaf 5 DU’AS IN SALAH Supplications of Prayer With Meaning and Transliteration • ThanaDu’a after Adhan • QunootDu’a in thein Witr Last Sitting • Tashahhud • • • Du’as of Janazah Prayer • Salat ‘Ala Nabee (Durood Shareef) Du’a After Adhan s First, send blessings and salutations (salawat) upon the Messenger of Allah (Muslim) and then recite the following: ، ، . Allāhumma Rabba hādhihi-‘d-da’wati ‘t-tāmmati wa ‘ṣ- ṣalāt ‘il-qa’ima(ti), āti Muḥammadani’l-wasilata wa’l-faḍila(ta), wab’athhu maqāmam maḥmūdani’lladdhi wa`attah(u). O Allah, Lord of this perfect call and established prayer, grant Muhammad a place near to you, an excellence and exalted degree, and raise him to the praiseworthy station that You have promised him. s Whoever recites this du'a will gain the intercession of the Messenger of Allah on the Day of Judgment (Bukhari). Thana: ، . Subhanaka Allahumma wa bihamdika wa tabaraka smuka wa ta’ala jadduka wa la ilaha ghairuka. All Glory be to You, O Allah! And Praise be to You, blessed is Your name and exalted is Your majesty; and there is none worthy of worship besides You. 6 Tashahhud ، . At-tahiyyatu lillahi wassalawatu wat-taiyyibatu assalamu ‘alaika ayyuha nnabiyyu wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuhu assalamu ‘alaina wa ‘ala ‘ibadihllahi saliheen, ash-hadu an la ilaha illa-Allahu wa ash-hadu anna Muhammadan ‘abduhoo wa rasooluh. All reverence, all worship, all sanctity are due to Allah. Peace be on you O Prophet and the Mercy of Allah and His Blessings. Peace be on us and all the righteous servants of Allah. I bear witness that there is none worthy of worship except Allah and I bear witness that Muhammad is His Servant and Apostle. Salat 'Ala Nabi (Durood Shareef) . Allahumma salli-‘ala Muhammad wa ‘ala ali Muhammad, kama sallayta ‘ala Ibraheema wa ‘ala ali Ibraheema innaka Hameedum Majeed. O Allah, send grace and honor on Muhammad and on his family, just as You sent grace and honor on Ibraheem and on his family. Surely, You are the Praiseworthy, the Great. . Allahumma barik-‘ala Muhammad wa ‘ala ali Muhammad, kama barakta ‘ala Ibraheema wa ‘ala ali Ibraheema innaka Hameedum Majeed. O Allah, send Your blessings on Muhammad and on his family, just as You sent blessings on Ibraheem and on his family. Surely, You are the Praiseworthy, the Great. 7 Dua in Last Sitting . Allahumma inni zalamtu nafsi zulman katheeran wa la yagh-firudh-dhunooba illa anta, faghfirli maghfiratan min indik, warhamni, innaka anta'l Ghafooru Raheem. O Allah! I have been extremely unjust to myself and none grants forgiveness against sins but You; therefore forgive me with the forgiveness that comes from You and have mercy upon me. Verily, You are the Forgiver, the Merciful. Qunoot in Witr ، ، ، . Allahumma inna nast'eenuka wa nastaghfiruka wa nu'minu bika wa natawak- kalu 'alayka wa nuthnee 'alayk-al khayr. Wa nashkuruka wa laaa nakfuruka wa nakhla'u wa natruku ma(n)y yafjuruka. Allahumma iyyaka na'budu wa laka nusal-lee wa nasjudu wa ilayka nas'a wa nahfidu wa narju rahmataka wa nakhsha 'adhabaka inna 'adhabaka bil kuf-fari mulhiq. O Allah, we beseech Your help and ask Your pardon and believe in You and trust in You, and we praise You in the best manner and we thank You and we are not ungrate- ful to You and we cast off and forsake one who disobeys You. O Allah! You alone do we serve and to You do we pray and bow down to and to You do we flee and we are quick (in doing so), and we hope for Your mercy and fear Your punishment; surely Your punishment overtakes the unbelievers. 8 Du’as of Janazah Prayer ، ، . Allahumma gh-fir li hayyina wa mayyitina wa shahidina wa gha’ibina wa saghirina wa kabirina wa dhakarina wa unthana; Allahumma man ahyaitahu minna fa-ahyihee ‘alal Islam, wa man tawaffaitahu minna fatawaffahu ‘alal Iman. O Allah! Forgive our living and our dead, the present and the absent, the young and the old, the males and the females. O Allah! He (or she) to whom You give life, cause him to live with Islam and he to whom You give death, cause him to die in the state of Iman. If the deceased is a minor and a boy, then recite the following Du’a:- ، ، . Allahummaj’alhu lana fartan waj’alhu lana ajran wa dhukhran waj’alhu lana shafi’an wa mushaffa’an. O Allah! Make him our fore-runner, and make him for us a reward and a treasure and make him for us a pleader, and accept his pleading. If the deceased is a minor girl, then recite the following Du’a: ، ، . Allahummaj’alha lana fartan waj’alha lana ajran wa dhukhran waj’alha lana shafi’an wa mushaffa’atan. O Allah! Make her our fore-runner, and make her for us a reward and a treasure and make her for us a pleader, and accept her pleading. 9 HANAFI FIQH LESSON 1 Rulings of Fiqh There are 8 broad categories of rulings, which apply to all areas of our lives in terms of fiqh guidance and principles. 1) Fardh – the Obligatory: - • Such acts are determined based on decisive texts (dalīl qati’) and there is no opportu nity for various forms of interpretation thereof. • Performance of fardh acts out of obedience is rewarded, and if it is left out without a valid excuse, that is punishable. • If the fardh is left out from a Sacred act, then that is null and void • If one denies a fardh act that is established through dalīl qati’, then he is considered a 2) Wājibdisbeliever. – the Necessary: • This is established by a firm command, but the source text allows for possibility of interpretation (dalīl dhanni). • To leave out a wājib act is sinful - • Denying a wājib act is considered corruption (fisq) • Omitting a wājib act absentmindedly requires performance of prostration of forgetful ness (discussed in lesson on Salāh) 3)• Mandūb/Omitting a wājib Sunnah intentionally – Recommended requires the prayer Act: to be repeated. 1. Sunnah Muakkadah – Emphasized Sunnah: These are categorized under 3 categories- • These are acts that the Prophet and companions performed most of the time, and only omitted them on rare occasions. • Performance of such an act is rewarded, and omittance is not punishable but worthy of blame. s • Habitually leaving out Sunnah is considered sinful, as one is turning away from the Beloved2. Nāfilah Prophet – Recommended . Sunnah (mustahab): s diligently • These are acts that the Prophet did on one or more occasion, but did not perform - • Performance of these is rewarded and leaving it out is not blameworthy. s • Sunnah