Nematode Tree-Of-Life Project
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Molecular Markers, Indicator Taxa, and Community Indices: the Issue of Bioindication Accuracy
NEMATODES AS ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATORS This page intentionally left blank NEMATODES AS ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATORS Edited by Michael J. Wilson Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, The University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK Thomais Kakouli-Duarte EnviroCORE Department of Science and Health, Institute of Technology, Carlow, Ireland CABI is a trading name of CAB International CABI Head Office CABI North American Office Nosworthy Way 875 Massachusetts Avenue Wallingford 7th Floor Oxfordshire OX10 8DE Cambridge, MA 02139 UK USA Tel: +44 (0)1491 832111 Tel: +1 617 395 4056 Fax: +44 (0)1491 833508 Fax: +1 617 354 6875 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.cabi.org © CAB International 2009. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronically, mechanically, by photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owners. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library, London, UK. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Nematodes as environmental indicators / edited by Michael J. Wilson, Thomais Kakouli-Duarte. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-84593-385-2 (alk. paper) 1. Nematodes–Ecology. 2. Indicators (Biology) I. Wilson, Michael J. (Michael John), 1964- II. Kakouli-Duarte, Thomais. III. Title. QL391.N4N382 2009 592'.5717--dc22 2008049111 ISBN-13: 978 1 84593 385 2 Typeset by SPi, Pondicherry, India. Printed and bound in the UK by the MPG Books Group. The paper used for the text pages in this book is FSC certified. The FSC (Forest Stewardship Council) is an international network to promote responsible man- agement of the world’s forests. -
Oscheius Tipulae* §
Oscheius tipulae* § Marie-Anne Félix , Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS – Universités Paris, 75251 Paris cedex 05, France Table of Contents 1. Phylogenetic relationships ......................................................................................................... 2 1.1. Phylogenetic position of the Oscheius genus .......................................................................2 1.2. The Oscheius genus .......................................................................................................2 2. Natural populations .................................................................................................................. 3 2.1. Ecology .......................................................................................................................3 2.2. Isolation and wild genetic resources .................................................................................. 3 2.3. Population genetics ........................................................................................................ 3 3. Basic biology in the laboratory ................................................................................................... 3 4. Genetics .................................................................................................................................3 4.1. Basic forward genetic methods ........................................................................................ 3 4.2. Available mutants ........................................................................................................ -
Towards Universal Forward Genetics: Using a Draft Genome Sequence of the Nematode Oscheius Tipulae to Identify Mutations Affecting Vulva Development
Genetics: Early Online, published on June 19, 2017 as 10.1534/genetics.117.203521 Towards universal forward genetics: using a draft genome sequence of the nematode Oscheius tipulae to identify mutations affecting vulva development 5 Fabrice Besnard*1,2,3, Georgios Koutsovoulos†1,4, Sana Dieudonné*, Mark Blaxter†,5 and Marie-Anne Félix*2,5 10 * Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, CNRS, Inserm, Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, 75005 Paris, France † Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK 1 Co-first authors. 2 Co-corresponding authors: [email protected], [email protected] 3 Current Address: Laboratoire de Reproduction de développement des plantes, Lyon, France; 15 4 Current Address: INRA, Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, ISA, France 5 Co-last authors Besnard F., Koutsovoulos G. et al. Oscheius Mapping-by-sequencing 1/48 Copyright 2017. Running title: Oscheius Mapping-by-sequencing Key words : Oscheius tipulae, genome assembly, mapping-by sequencing, vulva development, mig-13 Co-corresponding authors: Fabrice Besnard Address: Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes (RDP) 20 Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon (ENS-Lyon) 46, allée d'Italie, 69364 LYON Cedex 07. Tel: +33-4-72-72-86-05 mail: [email protected] Marie-Anne Félix Address: Institute of Biology of the Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS) 25 46 rue d'Ulm, 75230 Paris cedex 05, France Tel: +33-1-44-32-39-44 mail: [email protected] Besnard F., Koutsovoulos G. et al. Oscheius Mapping-by-sequencing 2/48 Abstract Mapping-by-sequencing has become a standard method to map and identify phenotype-causing mutations in model species. -
Research/Investigación Addition of a New Insect Parasitic Nematode, Oscheius Tipulae, to Iranian Fauna
RESEARCH/INVESTIGACIÓN ADDITION OF A NEW INSECT PARASITIC NEMATODE, OSCHEIUS TIPULAE, TO IRANIAN FAUNA J. Karimi1*, N. Rezaei1, and E. Shokoohi2 1Biocontrol and Insect Pathology Lab., Department of Plant Protection, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, PO Box 91775-1163, Mashhad, Iran; 2Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, Potchefstroom, North West University, South Africa; *Corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT Karimi, J., N. Rezaei, and E. Shokoohi. 2018. Addition of a new insect parasitic nematode, Oscheius tipulae, to Iranian fauna. Nematropica 48:00-00. On behalf of an ongoing project on diversity of insect pathogenic and insect parasitic nematodes of Iran, a new species was collected and characterized. This species was collected in soil from the Mashhad, Arak, and Mahalat regions of Iran through 2011-2012 using Galleria larvae baits. Based on morphologic and morphometric traits as well as SEM images, the species tentatively has been identified as Oscheius tipulae. Phylogenetic analysis based on ITS and 18S rDNA genes confirmed the species delimitation. This is the first record of this species from Iran. Key words: 18S rDNA, insect parasitic nematode, Iran, ITS, Oscheius tipulae, SEM RESUMEN Karimi, J., N. Rezaei, y E. Shokoohi. 2018. Adición de un nuevo nematodo parásito de insectos, Oscheius tipulae, a la fauna Irán. Nematropica 48:00-00. En nombre de un proyecto en curso sobre diversidad de patógenos de insectos y nematodos parásitos de insectos de Irán, se recolectó y caracterizó una nueva especie. Esta especie fue recolectada en suelo de las regiones de Mashhad, Arak y Mahalat de Irán durante el período 2011-2012 utilizando cebos Galleria. -
Functional Diversity of Soil Nematodes in Relation to the Impact of Agriculture—A Review
diversity Review Functional Diversity of Soil Nematodes in Relation to the Impact of Agriculture—A Review Stela Lazarova 1,* , Danny Coyne 2 , Mayra G. Rodríguez 3 , Belkis Peteira 3 and Aurelio Ciancio 4,* 1 Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2 Y. Gagarin Str., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria 2 International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Kasarani, Nairobi 30772-00100, Kenya; [email protected] 3 National Center for Plant and Animal Health (CENSA), P.O. Box 10, Mayabeque Province, San José de las Lajas 32700, Cuba; [email protected] (M.G.R.); [email protected] (B.P.) 4 Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, 70126 Bari, Italy * Correspondence: [email protected] (S.L.); [email protected] (A.C.); Tel.: +359-8865-32-609 (S.L.); +39-080-5929-221 (A.C.) Abstract: The analysis of the functional diversity of soil nematodes requires detailed knowledge on theoretical aspects of the biodiversity–ecosystem functioning relationship in natural and managed terrestrial ecosystems. Basic approaches applied are reviewed, focusing on the impact and value of soil nematode diversity in crop production and on the most consistent external drivers affecting their stability. The role of nematode trophic guilds in two intensively cultivated crops are examined in more detail, as representative of agriculture from tropical/subtropical (banana) and temperate (apple) climates. The multiple facets of nematode network analysis, for management of multitrophic interactions and restoration purposes, represent complex tasks that require the integration of different interdisciplinary expertise. Understanding the evolutionary basis of nematode diversity at the field Citation: Lazarova, S.; Coyne, D.; level, and its response to current changes, will help to explain the observed community shifts. -
The Wisconsin Integrated Cropping Systems Trial - Sixth Report
THE WISCONSIN INTEGRATED CROPPING SYSTEMS TRIAL - SIXTH REPORT TABLE OF CONTENTS Prologue ..................................................... Introduction .................................................... ii MAIN SYSTEMS TRIAL -1996 1 . Arlington Agricultural Research Station - 1996 Agronomic Report . 1 2. Lakeland Agricultural Complex - 1996 Agronomic Report .................. 3 3. Weed Seed Bank Changes: 1990 To 1996 ............................ 9 4. Monitoring Fall Nitrates in the Wisconsin Integrated Cropping Systems Trial . 18 5. WICST Intensive Rotational Grazing of Dairy Heifers .................... 26 6. Wisconsin Integrated Cropping Systems Trial Economic Analysis - 1996 ...... 32 WICST SATELLITE TRIALS - 1996 8. Cropping System Three Chemlite Satellite Trial - Arlington, 1995 and 1996 .... 35 9. Corn Response to Commercial Fertilizer in a Low Input Cash Grain System ..... 36 10. WICST On-Farm Cover Crop Research .............................. 38 11 . Summer Seeded Cover Crops - Phase 1, 1996 ........................ 43 12. Improving Weed Control Using a Rotary Hoe .......................... 49 WICST SOIL BIODIVERSITY STUDY - 1996 13. Preliminary Report on Developing Sampling Procedures and Biodiversity Indices 53 14. Soil Invertebrates Associated with 1996 Soil Core Sampling and Residue Decomposition . 66 15. Analysis of Soil Macroartropods Associated with Pitfall Traps in the Wisconsin Integrated Cropping Systems Trial, 1995 ............................ 71 16. Biodiversity of Pythium and Fusarium from Zea mays in different -
Állattani Közlemények a Magyar Biológiai Társaság Állattani Szak- Osztályának Folyóirata
ALL ATT AN I KÖZLEMÉNYEK A MAGYAR BIOLÓGIAI TÁRSASÁG ÁLLATTANI SZAKOSZTÁLYÁNAK FOLYÓIRATA SZERKESZTI ANDRÁSSY I STYÁN LIX. KÖTET, 1-4. FÜZET uiv II II V — 1 AKADÉMIAI KIADÓ, BUDAPEST 1972 Az Állattani Közlemények a Magyar Biológiai Társaság Állattani Szak- osztályának folyóirata. Megjelenik évenként egy kötetben, 12 ív terjedelemben. A folyóiratban - a »Rövid Közlemények«-et kivéve csak azok a cikkek közöl- hetők, amelyek tartalmáról a szerző az Állattani Szakosztály egyik ülésén be- számolt. A szerkesztőség kéri a szerzőket, hogy közlésre szánt kéziratukat az illető előadás elhangzása után lehetőleg nyomban juttassák el a szerkesztő cí- mére: DR. ANDRÁSSY ISTVÁN, ELTE Állatrendszertani Tanszék, Budapest, VIII. Puskin u. 3. A kéziratokat két gépelt példányban, oldalanként 25— 30 sorral (ritka sorközzel gépelve), tipizálás (aláhúzás) nélkül kell elkészíteni. Az esetleges meg- jegyzéseket, szedési kívánalmakat külön lapon kell mellékelni. Az egyes cikkek terjedelme általában az egy nyomtatott ívet nem haladhatja meg. Az ábrák lehetnek fehér kartonra vagy pauszpapírra készített vonalas tusrajzok, illetve fényképek esetében reprodukcióra alkalmas, éles pozitívok. Az irodalomjegyzék összeállítására nézve a jelen kötet irodalomjegyzékei az irányadók. Minden kézirathoz rövid összefoglalást is kell mellékelni az idegen nyelvű kivonat szá- mára. MEGEMLÉKEZÉS DIL DUDICH ENDRÉRŐL (1895 —197D írta: Soós ÁRPÁD (Természettudományi Múzeum Állattára, Budapest) Éppen egy évvel ezelőtt, februári szakülésünk végén kaptuk a váratlan és megdöbbentő hírt, -
First Record of Diploscapter Coronata (Rhabditida), a Possible Health Significance Nematode Associated with Tomato Crops in Argentina
Rev. FCA UNCUYO. 2016. XX(X): XXX-XXX. ISSN impreso 0370-4661. ISSN (en línea) 1853-8665. First record of Diploscapter coronata (Rhabditida), a possible health significance nematode associated with tomato crops in Argentina Primer registro de Diploscapter coronata (Rhabditida), un posible nematodo de importancia sanitaria asociado a cultivos de tomate en Argentina Augusto Salas 1, José Matías Rusconi 1, Nora Camino 1, 2, Daiana Eliceche 1, María Fernanda Achinelly 1, 3 Originales: Recepción: 21/03/2016 - Aceptación: 08/10/2016 Nota científica Abstract Diploscapter coronata is a free-living soil bacterial-feeding nematode found in compost, sewage or agricultural soil and as a facultative parasite of insects and verte- brates, even humans. The clinical symptoms include epigastric tenderness, diarrhea, crampy abdominal pain, weakness and nauseas. Also, they have been considered as potential carriers of bacteria pathogenic to the surface of preharvest fruits and vegetables in contact with soil. In this note, we reported the presence of D. coronata in the framework Argentina. Soil samples taken from tomato growing (Lycopersicon esculentum) were processedof diverse soilin the nematodes laboratory samplings by the centrifugationin orchards of Abastomethod, town, while Buenos collected Aires roots province, were observed directly under stereomicroscope in order to isolate nematodes. Specimens presence of D. coronata in agricultural soil and in association with root galls, caused by thewere plant-parasitic identified by morphologicalnematode, Nacobbus and morphometric aberrans. Females characteristics. were the Resultsonly isolated showed stage. the The detection of this nematode in greenhouses where dogs, cats and poultry live together without any health control highlights the importance of applying proper hygiene measures during agricultural practices to avoid contamination of fruits and vegetables and prevent Diploscapter genus with the species D. -
Description of Oscheius Indicus N. Sp. (Rhabditidae: Nematoda) from India
JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY Article | DOI: 10.21307/jofnem-2019-004 e2019-04 | Vol. 51 Description of Oscheius indicus n. sp. (Rhabditidae: Nematoda) from India Puneet Kumar1,2, Wajih Jamal1, Vishal S. Somvanshi2*, Khushbu Chauhan2 and Sabia Mumtaz1 Abstract 1Department of Zoology, Aligarh A new amphimictic species Oscheius indicus n. sp. is described Muslim University, Aligarh, India. and illustrated with morphological and molecular data. The species 2 is characterized by a medium-sized and slender body (female: L = Division of Nematology, ICAR – 1.1 to 1.5 mm; a = 16.8 to 20.6; b = 5.7 to 7.1; c = 7.5 to 10.4; c’ = Indian Agricultural Research Insti- 5.0 to 7.6; V = 45 to 51%), presence of four incisures each in the tute, LBS Center, PUSA Campus, lateral fields with three minute warts, long rectum (2 to 3 anal body New Delhi, India. diameters), nine pairs of papillae arranged as 1+1+1/3+3 pattern, a *E-mail: [email protected]. prominent double-flapped epipytigma on vulval opening, presence of open leptoderan bursa and crochet needle-shaped spicules place This paper was edited by: Eyualem it in the insectivora group. Morphologically, O. indicus n. sp. closely Abebe. resembles O. carolinensis, O. chongmingensis, O. colombiana, and Received for publication September O. nadarajani. Molecular phylogenetic analysis carried out using ITS 3, 2018. and D2/D3 expansion region of 28S rDNA sequences suggests that O. indicus n. sp. is closer to O. chongmingensis and O. rugaonensis. In summary, the morphometrical data, morphological observations and molecular phylogenetic analysis suggested that O. -
Ecology of Caenorhabditis Species* §
Ecology of Caenorhabditis species* § Karin Kiontke , Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY 10003 USA § Walter Sudhaus , Institut für Biologie/Zoologie, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany Table of Contents 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................2 2. Associations with other animals .................................................................................................. 2 2.1. Necromeny ..................................................................................................................2 2.2. Phoresy .......................................................................................................................3 2.3. Possible adaptations to nematode-invertebrate associations .................................................... 3 2.4. Vertebrate associations ................................................................................................... 3 3. Ecology of Caenorhabditis species ..............................................................................................3 3.1. Ecology of C. briggsae, C. elegans and C. remanei ..............................................................4 4. Ecology of the Caenorhabditis stem species and evolution of ecological features within Caenorhabditis .. 5 4.1. The Caenorhabditis stem species ..................................................................................... 5 4.2. Evolutionary trends within Caenorhabditis -
Sensory Cilia As the Achilles Heel of Nematodes When Attacked by Carnivorous Mushrooms
Sensory cilia as the Achilles heel of nematodes when attacked by carnivorous mushrooms Ching-Han Leea,b,c, Han-Wen Changa,b,c, Ching-Ting Yanga, Niaz Walic,d,e, Jiun-Jie Shiec,d,e, and Yen-Ping Hsueha,b,c,f,1 aInstitute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; bMolecular and Cell Biology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; cTaiwan International Graduate Program, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; dInstitute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; eChemical Biology and Molecular Biophysics, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; and fDepartment of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan Edited by Paul W. Sternberg, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, and approved January 27, 2020 (received for review October 22, 2019) Fungal predatory behavior on nematodes has evolved indepen- Pleurotus-triggered paralysis in the model nematode Caenorhabditis dently in all major fungal lineages. The basidiomycete oyster elegans. We demonstrate that P. ostreatus paralyzes C. elegans via a mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus is a carnivorous fungus that preys previously unreported mechanism that is evolutionarily conserved on nematodes to supplement its nitrogen intake under nutrient- across different nematode species. Through unbiased genetic limiting conditions. Its hyphae can paralyze nematodes within a screens, we found that the toxins produced by the Pleurotus few minutes of contact, but the mechanism had remained unclear. mushrooms could only exert their nematicidal activity via the We demonstrate that the predator–prey relationship is highly con- sensory cilia of C. elegans, triggering massive intracellular calcium served between multiple Pleurotus species and a diversity of nem- influx and hypercontraction of the pharyngeal and body wall atodes. -
Phylogenetic Relationships of Insect-Associated Free-Living Rhabditid Nematodes - 93
Azizoglu et al.: Phylogenetic relationships of insect-associated free-living rhabditid nematodes - 93 - PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS OF INSECT-ASSOCIATED FREE-LIVING RHABDITID NEMATODES FROM EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN REGION OF TURKEY AZIZOGLU, U.1* − KARABÖRKLÜ, S.2 – AYVAZ, A.3 – YILMAZ, S.4 1Department of Crop and Animal Production, Erciyes University, P.O. Box 38900 Kayseri, Turkey. 2Department of Field Crops, Düzce University, P.O. Box 81620 Düzce, Turkey. 3Department of Biology, Erciyes University, P.O. Box 38039 Kayseri, Turkey. 4Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Erciyes University, P.O. Box 38400 Kayseri, Turkey. *Corresponding author e-mail: [email protected] (phone: +90-537-596-22-66; fax: +90-352-437-82-64) (Received 15th Feb 2016; accepted 12th Apr 2016) Abstract. Free-living nematodes play an important role in nutrient cycling. The study was designed to characterize insect-associated free-living soil nematodes in Rhabditida order from Eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey using their 28S rDNA sequences and phylogenetic analysis. A total of 105 soil samples were taken from different habitats. Galleria baiting technique was used to obtain free-living nematodes. The nematodes were harvested from cadavers of last instar Galleria mellonella larvaeafter trapping process. Free-living soil nematodes were detected in 14 soil samples (13.3%). PCR products obtained from 28S rDNA of isolates were sequenced and phylogenetic trees created. BLASTN homology searches and phylogenetic tree results constructed by Neighbour Joining and Bootstrap Tree methods. Results showed that these insect-associated isolates were determined as species belonging to Rhabditidae (Rhabditis terricola and Mesorhabditis sp.), Chambersiellidae (Macrolaimus sp.) and Cephalobidae (Cephalobus sp., Pseudacrobeles sp.