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Thomas Maissen Inhalt Dank ......................................................................................................IX Zur Schreib- und Zitierweise.................................................................XI Einleitung ............................................................................................... 1 TEIL I: DER WIEDERAUFBAU VON FLORENZ DURCH KARL DEN GROSSEN ............................................................. 11 1. Vorbemerkungen zu den karolingischen Traditionen in Italien ..... 13 2. Die Gestaltung der Florentiner Karlslegende durch Giovanni Villani ............................................................................. 14 3. Auf- und Übernahme der Legende im 14. Jahrhundert .................. 29 4. Coluccio Salutati und der diplomatische Gebrauch der Karlslegende................................................................................... 36 5. Die humanistische Kritik: Leonardo Bruni..................................... 44 6. Die Bestätigung als offizieller Staatsmythos unter den Medici...... 49 a. Diplomatie.................................................................................. 49 b. Historiographie........................................................................... 52 c. Dichtung ..................................................................................... 67 7. Die Bedeutung der Legende in den Jahren um 1494 ...................... 73 8. Das Verschwinden der Karlslegende aus der diplomatischen Sprache.................................................................. 82 9. Die Legende in der Florentiner Historiographie des 16. Jahrhunderts ....................................................................... 89 10. Die endgültige Kritik...................................................................... 94 a. Francesco Guicciardini............................................................... 94 b. Vincenzo Borghini und der Vasari-Zyklus in der Signoria........ 97 11. Volkstümlichkeit und Fortleben der Florentiner Legende............ 105 12. Adaptionen der Karlslegende im übrigen Italien .......................... 110 Zusammenfassung.............................................................................. 114 TEIL II: DIE VERBREITUNG DER KENNTNISSE ÜBER DIE FRANZÖSISCHE GESCHICHTE IN DER ITALIENISCHEN HISTORIOGRAPHIE DES 15. UND 16. JAHRHUNDERTS ......... 121 A. Das erwachende Interesse für die französische Vergangenheit .... 123 1. Grundzüge der mittelalterlichen Historiographie in Frankreich ... 123 2. Die Kenntnisse der französischen Geschichte im spätmittelalterlichen Italien .......................................................... 125 3. Das neue historische Interesse in der zweiten Hälfte des 15. Jahrhunderts ..................................................................... 129 VI B. Italiener als Verfasser französischer Nationalgeschichten........... 143 1. Giovanni di Candida..................................................................... 144 2. Alberto Cattaneo........................................................................... 153 3. Die Gaguin-Rezeption in Italien................................................... 165 a. Michele Riccio ......................................................................... 165 b. Vittorio Sabino......................................................................... 171 c. Andrea Cambini ....................................................................... 172 4. Paolo Emilio ................................................................................. 176 a. Leben und historiographische Anfänge ................................... 176 b. Die handschriftlichen Fassungen einer Geschichte der Franzosen ........................................................................... 185 c. Die Ausgaben von De rebus gestis Francorum ....................... 190 d. Methode ................................................................................... 192 e. Intention und Geschichtsbild.................................................... 199 f. Aufnahme und Nachwirken ..................................................... 207 5. Die Dichtung................................................................................ 210 a. Giuliano Dati............................................................................ 211 b. Giovanni Battista Mantuano .................................................... 212 6. Grundzüge der italienischen Geschichtsschreibung über Frankreich um 1500: gesellschaftliches Umfeld und konzeptionelle Erneuerung........................................................... 214 C. Die französische Vergangenheit in der italienischen Historiographie des 16. Jahrhunderts.......................................... 229 Zusammenfassung.............................................................................. 239 TEIL III: DIE VERWENDUNG VON EXEMPLA AUS DER FRANZÖSISCHEN GESCHICHTE............................................ 243 1. Die historische Verpflichtung zum Kreuzzug .............................. 245 2. Von den Memorabilia zu den Detti e fatti.................................... 251 3. Italienische Reaktionen auf die französischen Konfessionskriege ........................................................................ 258 a. Neue Aufgaben der Geschichte: Sperone Speroni ................... 258 b. Intensivierung der Publizistik und Revision des Quellenkanons.......................................................................... 264 c. Papst und König von Frankreich bei Roberto Bellarmino ....... 266 d. Das Geschichtsbild des Tommaso Bozio ................................. 269 4. Französische Lektionen für eine katholische Staatsraison: Giovanni Botero ........................................................................... 275 5. Die Rückkehr zu den Quellen im Gefolge des Tacitismus........... 282 a. Ciro Spontone und Froissart..................................................... 283 b. Die Commynes-Renaissance.................................................... 286 c. Die französische Vergangenheit zwischen Tacitus und Staatsraison .............................................................................. 295 Zusammenfassung.............................................................................. 300 VII TEIL IV: FRANZÖSISCHE PROTAGONISTEN IM ITALIENISCHEN URTEIL: DETAILUNTERSUCHUNGEN ZU EINZELNEN TRADITIONEN...................................................................... 305 1. Die Quellen der französischen Geschichte ................................... 307 2. «Galli», «Franci», «Francesi» – Bezeichnungen des Wandels oder der Kontinuität?.................................................................... 317 3. Origo gentis.................................................................................. 327 4. Chlodwig....................................................................................... 350 5. Brunhilde und Fredegunde............................................................356 6. Saint-Louis.................................................................................... 361 7. Philippe IV.................................................................................... 368 8. Jeanne d’Arc................................................................................. 374 9. Louis XI........................................................................................ 386 Zusammenfassung.............................................................................. 407 Schlussbetrachtung: Motive und Techniken der Aneignung einer fremden Geschichte ............................................................................ 409 Verzeichnis der Abkürzungen............................................................ 418 a. Archive und Bibliotheken ........................................................ 418 b. Editionsreihen und Zeitschriften .............................................. 418 Bibliographie ..................................................................................... 419 1. Handschriftliche Quellen.............................................................. 420 a. Archivio di Stato, Firenze (ASF).............................................. 420 b. Manuskripte.............................................................................. 420 2. Vor 1800 verfasste, gedruckte Werke........................................... 423 3. Nach 1800 verfasste Werke (Sekundärliteratur)........................... 441 Index nominum, locorum gentiumque ............................................... 455 Tabellen Tabelle I: Die Gewichtung der verschiedenen Herrscher, Dynastien und Exkurse in den humanistischen Geschichten Frankreichs............................................................... 224 Tabelle II: Aufgliederung französischer Exempla nach Epochen...... 256 Tabelle III a: Quellen der Italiener zur französischen Geschichte (1317-1557) ............................................................... 310 Tabelle III b: Quellen der Italiener zur französischen Geschichte (1561-1632) ............................................................... 312 Tabelle IV: Übersicht über die wichtigsten Anekdoten um Louis XI.................................................................................. 394 IX Dank Die vorliegende Untersuchung wurde am 9. November 1989 in Neapel begonnen und am 1. August 1993 in Zürich beendet. Auf Antrag ihres Betreuers Prof. Hans Rudolf Guggisberg und des Korreferenten Prof. Achatz von Müller wurde sie im Wintersemester 1993/94 von der Philosophisch-Historischen
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