PASI 2011: Open Vent Volcano Hazards Workshop Sponsored by Michigan Technological University Universidad De Costa Rica National Science Foundation
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PASI 2011: Open Vent Volcano Hazards Workshop Sponsored by Michigan Technological University Universidad de Costa Rica National Science Foundation Workshop Location: Escuela Centroamericana de Geologia, Universidad de Costa Rica Dirección postal: Escuela Centroamericana de Geología Apartado 214 (2060) UCR Sede Universitaria Rodrigo Facio, San Pedro de Montes de Oca. San José, COSTA RICA Teléfonos 1 (506) 2511-4330 Fax (506) 2234 -2347 [email protected] Workshop Hotel: Gran Casa Universitaria Boutique Hotel University District San José, Costa Rica Tel: (506) 2253-6773 - Mobile: (506) 8395-0627 E-mail: [email protected] Sunday, January 9 PASI Welcome Reception at the Gran Casa Universitaria 6:00 – 9:00 PM PASI 2011: Open Vent Volcano Hazards Workshop Jan 9 – 23, 2011 PASI General Information: Dress Attire This is a “working” workshop, so please dress casually for the entire workshop, including the reception and dinner. Field Trips Two Field Trips are planned – a one‐day excursion and a weekend excursion involving two nights in the field. Make sure to bring good shoes and layered clothing. Parts of the field trip will be in higher elevations where it will be cool, damp, and perhaps rainy. It is expected that temperatures could be as cool as 10 C (50 F). *** Please bring a hard hat if possible for the Poás and Arenal Field trips *** The nights of the field trip will be spent in two separate hotels, where everyone will need to share rooms. You may pack separately for the field trip, and leave the remainder of your belongings safely at the Gran Casa Universitaria hotel while gone on the field trip. Gran Casa Universitaria The hotel is in 2 locations that are 10 blocks apart. The “Old Gran Casa” is a 10‐minute walk to 2 UCR’s School of Geology, and the “New Gran Casa” is a 15‐20 minute walk. Mr. Von Breymann has mentioned he could provide a shuttle service if needed. We have made room assignments that are still be subject to some changes. The hotels have wireless for guests and laundry and kitchen facilities. Address of “Old Gran Casa” by UCR’s main campus: "Gran Casa Universitaria” – Frente a Facultad de Medicina Costado norte Universidad de Costa Rica Frente Facultad de Medicina (contiguo rótulo “Geotecnologías”) Edificio tres pisos, columnas de piedra y azulejo azul Tel: (506) 2253‐6773, Celular (506) 8395‐0627 Address of “New Gran Casa” by UCR's Research Campus ("Ciudad de la Investigación") and UCR´s Sport Facilities (“Instalaciones Deportivas): "Gran Casa Universitaria" – Sabanilla (“la Cosecha”) Carretera a Sabanilla, de “La Cosecha” (esquina del “Gimnasio del Este”) 300 metros norte y 10 metros oeste Edificio de 4 pisos de piedra con azulejo azul Tel: (506) 2253‐6257 ‐ Celular (506) 8395‐0627 PASI 2011: Open Vent Volcano Hazards Workshop Jan 9 – 23, 2011 Transportation from Airport to Hotel We are making arrangements with Randolph Von Breymann to pick up everyone from the airport. You will need to pay the airport taxi, but the expenditure is reimbursable as noted below. Because we have so many flight arrival times, we need to work out a schedule that will fit with the roundtrip travel time from the airport to the hotel. Some of you may need to wait for a few more flights to arrive before being transported to the hotel, but we hope to keep this reasonable. We will provide all of you with a schedule of arrival times and flights so that you will know when to expect Mr. Von Breymann’s transportation. The drivers will hold a sign: “PASI WORKSHOP – Gran Casa Universitaria” E‐mail: [email protected] Tel: (506) 2253‐6257 ‐ Cellular (506) 8395‐0627 Note: The Gran Casa hotel is near the University of Costa Rica, but it is not a very well known hotel by other taxi drivers at the airport, and they may not be familiar with the address. It may be in your best interest to look for the transportation from Gran Casa Universitaria. Expenses and Reimbursements 3 We must follow Michigan Technological University sponsored research travel policies and U.S. National Science Foundation policies for allowable costs. We have attached a spreadsheet that shows the expenditures in Costa Rica (not including the airfare). All of the accommodations and most of the meals are being paid by Michigan Tech directly. The lunches and dinners indicated in color on the attached spreadsheet are those that you will need to purchase and for which you will be reimbursed afterwards (about 4 weeks after you submit the expense report). No receipts are needed for meals, we will reimburse to a maximum of $10 for each lunch and $15 for each dinner as noted in the attached spreadsheet. Taxis are reimbursable and no receipt is necessary if less than $25 per day. Please save your receipts for the taxis if over $25, for the exit fee of your home country and your departure from Costa Rica, baggage fees, and visa application. After you return home from the workshop, complete the attached spreadsheet and e‐mail it to [email protected] and scan and e‐mail the needed receipts. We will also need you to include how your name should appear on the check and the address to which it should be sent. PASI 2011: Open Vent Volcano Hazards Workshop Jan 9 – 23, 2011 PASI 2011: Open Vent Volcano Hazards Workshop Session Details ___________________________________________________________________ Monday, January 10 8:30 am to 12:30 pm Volcanic ash sensing/mapping 8:30‐9:30 Bill Rose‐‐ Workshop Welcome and Intro to volcanic ashfall hazards and sensing (50 mins) • Ashfall and its hazards • Satellite based ash detection and VAACs • Trajectory models, numerical fallout models 9:30‐10:30 Fred Prata‐‐ Recent developments in volcanic ash remote sensing (50 mins) • Present and future detection improvements and technology • High spectral resolution techniques • Gas/particle separation 10:30‐11:15 Coffee 4 11:15‐12:30 Prata & Rose: Computing Lab sessions on Eyafyallajokull cloud sensing using ENVI software 12:30‐2 pm Lunch 2:00‐6:00 Volcanic Threat Assessment 2:00‐2:35 pm Jose Luis Palma: Assessing the Volcanic Threat in Latin America • Intro to volcanic threat • Distribution of volcanoes and population around volcanic centers in L‐A • The NVEWS scoring method • Volcanic Threat in selected L‐A countries (Central America and Chile) • Pros and Cons of this type of assessment • A couple of examples of different scenarios, with different hazards, exposure, and final threat. 10 Minutes of Questions 2:50‐3:35 pm Hugo Delgado Granados: Hazard, Threat, Vulnerability and Risk • What do all these terms mean? Definitions o Differences and similitude in English and Spanish • Data collection on eruptive history and monitoring efforts in Latin‐American volcanoes: preliminary results • Examples of Hazard and Risk studies in Latin‐American countries PASI 2011: Open Vent Volcano Hazards Workshop Jan 9 – 23, 2011 10 Minutes of Questions 3:55‐4:30 pm Coffee break 4:30‐ 5:00 pm Guillermo Alvarado I: Volcanoes in Costa Rica • Geological Context • Activity and Hazard/Risk Assessment 10 Minutes of Questions 5:15‐ 5:45 Discussion, with an active participation of the workshop attendees: • Efforts to assess volcanic hazards and risk in L‐A countries • Efforts to communicate these assessments to the general public and decision‐ makers/stakeholders. • Integrating volcano monitoring with hazard/risk assessments. 5:45‐ 6:00 pm Special Volume of PASI materials Announcement and discussion of Plan ________________________________________________________________________ 5 PASI 2011: Open Vent Volcano Hazards Workshop Jan 9 – 23, 2011 Tuesday, January 11 OMI and other volcanic SO2 sensing Simon A. Carn, Lizzette Rodriguez, Jose Luis Palma, Fred Prata 8:30‐9:30 am: Lecture • Introductory lecture (Simon, with contributions from Fred P.?) o Welcome and goals o Motivation for SO2 measurements (volcano monitoring, climate, health impacts etc.) o Brief overview of techniques used to measure SO2 (from direct fumarole sampling to satellite retrievals) – subsequent focus will be on remote sensing o Spectral regions used for remote sensing of SO2 (UV, IR, microwave) 300‐350 nm (UV): electronic transitions 4 µm, 7.3 µm, 8.6 µm (IR): rotational‐vibrational transitions ~1 mm (microwave): rotational transitions Other sulfur species (e.g., H2S) – possibly important but hard to measure o Radiative transfer considerations for SO2 remote sensing UV: daytime only, scattered light (photon path and air mass factor issues), ozone interference, UV penetration depth, diurnal variations (solar zenith angle effects) IR: negligible scattering, thermal contrast (background vs. gas), water 6 vapor/ash/aerosol interference o Spectral and spatial resolution – impacts on sensitivity etc. Compare/contrast ground‐based and satellite techniques o Retrieval methodologies Calibration cell technique – COSPEC, UV Camera Forward modeling approach ‐ TOMS and OMI Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS) – GOME‐2, most ground‐based measurements 9:30‐10:00 am: Mini‐lecture and website demonstration/exploration (computer lab) • Satellite remote sensing of volcanic SO2 emissions (Simon) o Overview of satellite sensors currently used for SO2 sensing UV: OMI, GOME‐2, SCIAMACHY IR: AIRS, IASI, MODIS, SEVIRI, ASTER, HIRS Compare/contrast characteristics and applicability to volcano studies o Satellite total column SO2 measurements Vertical sensitivity Effects of clouds/aerosols o SO2 burdens (top‐down) vs. SO2 emission rates (bottom‐up) o Sources of satellite SO2 data Web‐based imagery: • OMI SO2 websites (NOAA, UMBC, MTU) PASI 2011: Open Vent