FREE MASCULINITY, POWER AND TECHNOLOGY 1ST EDITION PDF Ulf MellstrГѓВ¶m | 9781351919340 | | | | | Feminist technoscience - Wikipedia Feminist technoscience is a transdisciplinary branch of science studies which emerged from decades of feminist critique on the Power and Technology 1st edition gender and other identity markers are entangled in the combined fields of science and technology. Feminist technoscience focuses less on intrapersonal relationships between men and women, and more on broader issues Masculinity knowledge production and how bodies manifest and are acknowledged in societies. Feminist technoscience studies are inspired by Power and Technology 1st edition constructionist approaches to gendersexintersectionalitiesand science, technology and society STS. It can also be referred to as feminist science studies, feminist STS, Power and Technology 1st edition feminist cultural studies of science, feminist studies of science and technology, and gender and science. According to Judy Wajcmanthe concept of technology has historically been bound to indigenous women. The roles of harvesters, or caretakers of the domestic economy taken up by these women lead Wajcman to conclude they would have created tools such as the sickle and the pestlemaking them the first technologists. This transformed the meaning from including useful arts technology — such as needleworkmetalworkweavingand mining — to strictly applied science. The women's health movements of the s in the United States and the United Kingdom provided momentum to the emergence of feminist politics around scientific knowledge. Science was originally seen as an alien entity opposed to women's interests. Rather than asking how women can be better treated within and by science, feminist critics instead chose to focus on how a science deeply involved in masculinity and masculine projects could be used for the emancipation of women. Today's feminist critique often uses the former demonology of technology as a point of departure to tell a story of progress from liberal to postmodern feminism. According to Judy Wajcman, both liberal and Marxist feminists failed in the analysis of science and technology, because they considered the technology as neutral and did not pay attention to the symbolic dimension of technoscience. Feminist technoscience studies have become intrinsically linked with practices of Technofeminism and the development of feminist technologies in cultural and critical vernacular. Feminist technoscience studies explore the coded social and historical implications of science and technology on the development of society, including how identity constructs and is constructed by these technologies. Technofeminism emerged in the early s, leaning on Masculinity different feminist movements. Feminist Power and Technology 1st edition reanalyzed the Scientific Revolutionand stated that the resulting science was based on the masculine ideology of exploiting the Earth and control. During this time, nature and scientific inquiry were modelled after misogynous relationships to women. Femininity was associated with nature and considered as something passive to be objectified. This was in contrast to culture, which was represented by objectifying masculinity. This analysis depended on the use of gender imagery Power and Technology 1st edition conceptualize the nature of technoscientific masculine ideology. Judy Wajcman draws parallels between Judith Butler 's theory of gender performativity and the Power and Technology 1st edition of technology. Butler conceives gender as Masculinity performative act as opposed to a naturalized condition one is born into. Drawing from the work of Butler and Donna HarawayAmade M'charek analyzes how objects, when linked to another object or signifier, construct identity through the use of human imagination:. Differences and similarities may be stable or not, depending on the maintenance work that goes Power and Technology 1st edition the relations that help to produce them. They are neither fundaments nor qualities that are always embodied… Differences are relational. They do not always materialize in bodies in the flesh, genes, hormones, brains, or the skin. Rather they materialize in the very relations that help to enact them. In this theory, identity is not the byproduct of genes, but the constant upholding of hierarchical difference relations. Technology too, as proposed by Wajcman, is a product of mutual alliances, not objectively given but collectively created in a process of reiteration. Western technology and science is deeply implicated in the masculine projection and patriarchal domination of women and nature. The differences between female and male needs were asserted by feminist movements, drawing attention to the exclusion of women being served by current technologies. During this time, household technologies, new media, and new technosciences were, for the most part, disregarded. Feminist technologies are ones that are formed from feminist social relations, but varied definitions and layers of feminism complicate the definition. Deborah Johnson [13] proposes four candidates for feminist technologies:. The successes of certain Power and Technology 1st edition, such as the pap smear for cervical cancer testing, relied on the feminization of technician jobs. Combined oral contraceptive pills were first approved for use in the United States induring the time of the women's liberation movement. The birth control pill helped make it possible for more women to enter the workforce by giving them the ability to control their own fertility. Decades prior to this, activists such as Margaret Sanger and Katharine McCormick fought for female contraceptives, seeing it as a necessity for the emancipation of Power and Technology 1st edition. The male domination of these fields led technologies such as oral contraceptives to be developed around what men considered to be universal, defining characteristics of women Masculinity being their sex and reproductive capabilities. The development of reproductive technologies blur the lines between nature and technology, allowing for the reconfiguration of life itself. Through the advances of genetic technologies, the controlling of pregnancy, childbirth, and motherhood has become increasingly possible through intrusive means. These advances in biotechnology are serving to develop life as a commodity and deepen monetary inequality - a link made by feminist theorists such as Donna Haraway. Haraway instead chooses to embrace technology as feminist instead of reverting to this idea of naturalized femininity. The corporatization of biology through the alteration of nature through technology is also a theme explored by Haraway. The OncoMouse is a laboratory mouse genetically modified to carry a specific gene which increases the creature's chance of developing cancer. UntilAmerican conglomerate DuPoint owned the patent to the OncoMouse, reconfiguring and relegating life to a commodity. Increasing breast cancer Power and Technology 1st edition in Black women are discussed in eco-feminist analysis of the modification of lab animals from breast cancer research to being the discussion into an ethically ambiguous space. Masculinity in particular raises the question of whether modifying and expending a live commodity like OncoMouse is ethical if it leads to the development of a cure for breast cancer. The reconfiguring of life in biotechnologies and genetic engineering allow for a precedence to be set, leading to capitalist Power and Technology 1st edition consequences. Through these technologies technoscience becomes naturalized, and also becomes increasingly subject to the process of commodification and capital accumulation in transnational capitalist Masculinity. This also develops life and nature as a thing to be exploited by capitalism. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Women's suffrage Muslim countries US. First Second Third Fourth. General variants. Religious variants. By country. Lists and categories. Lists Articles Feminists by nationality Literature American feminist literature Feminist comic books. European Journal of Women's Studies. Technology and Culture. Archived from the original PDF on Retrieved Social Studies of Science. Feminist STS has long established that science's provenance as a male domain continues to define what counts as Masculinity and expertise. Wikipedia, arguably one of the most powerful sources of information today, was initially lauded as providing the opportunity to rebuild knowledge institutions by providing greater representation of multiple groups. However, less than ten percent of Wikipedia editors are women. Our main objective In sum, our aim here is to present a consolidated analysis of the gendering of Wikipedia. Cambridge: Polity, Handbook of Gender Power and Technology 1st edition Women's Studies. Cambridge: Polity. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Polity. Theatre Journal. Handbook of gender and women's studies 1. London [u. Feminist Technology : 6. Archived from the original PDF on 30 August Retrieved 30 April Cambridge: Polity, Accessed December 04, Feminist theory. Feminism portal. Ecofeminism Feminist method Hegemonic masculinity Women's history Women's studies. Russell Dorothy E. Smith Marilyn Waring. Women's studies journals. Science and technology studies. Economics of science Economics of scientific Power and Technology 1st edition. History and philosophy of science History of science and technology History of technology. Actor—network theory Social construction