Tanzania in 2009

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Tanzania in 2009 Tanzania in 2009 In a year without major political changes or excitement, politi- cal discussions mainly centred on several allegations of high-level corruption, ever clearer signs of deepening rifts between quarrelling factions of the ruling party CCM, and the continuing confrontation between the two leading parties, CCM and CUF, in semi-autonomous Zanzibar. The overwhelming dominance of CCM was not in seri- ous jeopardy, while internal cracks were partly a forerunner of infighting for a rearrangement of power positions in the election year 2010. Local government elections were convincingly won by CCM, while all opposition parties remained relatively weak as op- ponents of the long-dominant governmental forces. Despite some reluctance, Tanzania finally accepted the next step in deepening the EAC into a common market. The economy remained surprisingly resilient to the negative effects of the global economic recession, but some fall in the growth trend of recent years was unavoidable. International financial institutions continued to support the gov- ernment’s economic policies, while the majority of the population became increasingly dissatisfied with not seeing any direct tangible improvements. Domestic Politics One year before the next general elections, the ruling party ‘Chama cha Mapinduzi’ (CCM/Revolutionary Party) maintained its dominant position despite severe internal rifts and the first signs of infighting about the nomination of candidates. Support for opposition parties, namely ‘Chama cha Demokrasia na Maendeleo’ (CHADEMA/Party of Democracy and Progress), increased slightly but without pos- ing a serious threat to CCM’s political dominance. Several opinion © koninklijke brill nv, leiden, 2019 | doi:10.1163/9789004407879_007 tanzania in 2009 83 polls conducted throughout the year indicated a still significant but decreasing and by no means compelling degree of sympathy for President Jakaya Kikwete, and massive dissatisfaction with the per- formance of his government and the CCM. Public discontent result- ed mainly from a perception of continuous and increasing hardship for the majority of Tanzanians while a small minority among the elite were seen to be benefiting excessively from government poli- cies, mostly through corrupt practices, and – despite all the official anti-corruption rhetoric – without being prosecuted. The campaign against corruption remained one of the hot is- sues. Numerous cases involving accusations against high-ranking politicians and civil servants had been revealed in previous years, but hardly any visible measures had been taken against the alleged culprits. Former prime minister Edward Lowassa, who had to resign in February 2008 in the wake of corruption allegations, creating the severest government crisis in more than 25 years, was never legally taken to task and also retained his powerful position on the CCM Central Committee. Two other former ministers, who had alleged- ly been involved in the same scandal – known as ‘the Richmond- Saga’ – and had stepped down with Lowassa, also got off scot- free. During the parliamentary budget session (June/July), Deputy Minister for Energy and Minerals Adam Malima submitted a gov- ernment report that cleared three senior civil servants (former at- torney general Johnson Mwanyika, former permanent secretary in the Ministry of Energy and Minerals Arthur Mwakapugi, and Director-General of the Prevention and Combating of Corruption Bureau Edward Hosea) of any wrongdoing in the scandal. Parliament firmly rejected the report and demanded clear answers to the out- standing questions, which, however, had not been provided before end-2009. Shortly after the parliamentary debate, the state house issued a detailed response to rumours that Kikwete had been di- rectly involved in the scandal. The statement elaborated four areas in which the president had played a role in the deal, but rejected any involvement in corrupt practices. .
Recommended publications
  • Issued by the Britain-Tanzania Society No 112 Sept - Dec 2015
    Tanzanian Affairs Issued by the Britain-Tanzania Society No 112 Sept - Dec 2015 ELECTION EDITION: MAGUFULI vs LOWASSA Profiles of Key Candidates Petroleum Bills Ruaha’s “Missing” Elephants ta112 - final.indd 1 8/25/2015 12:04:37 PM David Brewin: SURPRISING CHANGES ON THE POLITICAL SCENE As the elections approached, during the last two weeks of July and the first two weeks of August 2015, Tanzanians witnessed some very dra- matic changes on the political scene. Some sections of the media were even calling the events “Tanzania’s Tsunami!” President Kikwete addessing the CCM congress in Dodoma What happened? A summary 1. In July as all the political parties were having difficulty in choosing their candidates for the presidency, the ruling Chama cha Mapinduzi (CCM) party decided to steal a march on the others by bringing forward their own selection process and forcing the other parties to do the same. 2. It seemed as though almost everyone who is anyone wanted to become president. A total of no less than 42 CCM leaders, an unprec- edented number, registered their desire to be the party’s presidential candidate. They included former prime ministers and ministers and many other prominent CCM officials. 3. Meanwhile, members of the CCM hierarchy were gathering in cover photos: CCM presidential candidate, John Magufuli (left), and CHADEMA / UKAWA candidate, Edward Lowassa (right). ta112 - final.indd 2 8/25/2015 12:04:37 PM Surprising Changes on the Political Scene 3 Dodoma to begin the lengthy and highly competitive selection process. 4. The person who appeared to have the best chance of winning for the CCM was former Prime Minister Edward Lowassa MP, who was popular in the party and had been campaigning hard.
    [Show full text]
  • Zanzibar Human Rights Report 2015 by Zlsc
    Zanzibar Human Rights Report 2015 TransformIfanye Justicehaki IweInto shaukuPassion Zanzibar Legal Services Centre i Funded by: Embassy of Sweden, Embassy of Finland The Embassy of Norway, Ford Foundation, and Open Society Initiatives for Eastern Africa, Publisher Zanzibar Legal Services Centre P.O.Box 3360,Zanzibar Tanzania Tel:+25524 2452936 Fax:+255 24 2334495 E-mail: [email protected] Website:www.zlsc.or.tz ZLSC May 2016 ii ZANZIBAR HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT 2015 Editorial Board Prof. Chris Maina Peter Mrs. Josefrieda Pereira Ms. Salma Haji Saadat Mr. Daudi Othman Kondo Ms. Harusi Miraji Mpatani Writers Dr. Moh’d Makame Mr. Mzee Mustafa Zanzibar Legal Services Centre @ ZLSC 2015 i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Zanzibar Legal Services Centre is indebted to a number of individuals for the support and cooperation during collection, compilation and writing of the 10th Human Rights Report (Zanzibar Chapter). The contribution received makes this report a worthy and authoritative document in academic institutions, judiciary, government ministries and other departments, legislature and educative material to general public at large. The preparation involved several stages and in every stage different stakeholders were involved. The ZLSC appreciate the readiness and eager motive to fill in human rights opinion survey questionnaires. The information received was quite useful in grasping grassroots information relevant to this report. ZLSC extend their gratitude to it’s all Programme officers especially Adv. Thabit Abdulla Juma and Adv. Saida Amour Abdallah who worked hard on completion of this report. Further positive criticism and collections made by editorial board of the report are highly appreciated and valued. Without their value contributions this report would have jeopardised its quality and relevance to the general public.
    [Show full text]
  • The Authoritarian Turn in Tanzania
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by UCL Discovery The Authoritarian Turn in Tanzania Dan Paget is a PhD candidate at the University of Oxford, where he is writing his thesis on election campaigning in sub-Saharan Africa, and in particular the uses of the rally. While living in Tanzania in 2015, he witnessed the general election campaign and the beginning of Magufuli’s presidency first-hand. Abstract Since 2015, Tanzania has taken a severe authoritarian turn, accompanied by rising civil disobedience. In the process, it has become a focal point in debates about development and dictatorship. This article unpicks what is happening in contemporary Tanzania. It contends that Tanzania is beset by a struggle over its democratic institutions, which is rooted in rising party system competition. However, this struggle is altered by past experience in Zanzibar. The lessons that both government and opposition have drawn from Zanzibar make the struggle in mainland Tanzania more authoritarian still. These dynamics amount to a new party system trajectory in Tanzania Dan Paget 2 The Tanzanian general election of 2015 seemed like a moment of great democratic promise. Opposition parties formed a pre-electoral coalition, which held. They were joined by a string of high-profile defectors from the ruling CCM (Chama cha Mapinduzi, or the Party of the Revolution). The defector-in-chief, Edward Lowassa, became the opposition coalition’s presidential candidate and he won 40 per cent of the vote, the strongest showing that an opposition candidate has ever achieved in Tanzania.
    [Show full text]
  • Check Against Delivery HOTUBA YA WAZIRI MKUU, MHESHIMIWA
    Check Against Delivery HOTUBA YA WAZIRI MKUU, MHESHIMIWA EDWARD LOWASSA, (MB), WAKATI WA KUTOA HOJA YA KUAHIRISHA MKUTANO WA SITA WA BUNGE LA JAMHURI YA MUUNGANO WA TANZANIA, DODOMA, TAREHE 9 FEBRUARI, 2007 Mheshimiwa Spika, Mkutano wa sita wa Bunge lako Tukufu umehitimisha shughuli zote zilizokuwa zimepangwa. Mkutano huu ni wa kwanza baada ya Serikali ya Awamu ya Nne kutimiza mwaka mmoja madarakani. Taarifa za mafanikio na changamoto zilizojitokeza zimewasilishwa kupitia mikutano mbalimbali ya Chama Tawala, Serikali na vyombo mbalimbali vya habari. Mheshimiwa Spika, kwa masikitiko makubwa, nachukua nafasi hii tena kwa niaba ya Serikali na wafanyakazi wa Ofisi ya Waziri Mkuu kutoa rambirambi kwako wewe Mheshimiwa Spika, kwa Waheshimiwa Wabunge wote, kwa familia, jamaa na marafiki kwa msiba uliotokana na kifo cha aliyekuwa Mbunge wa Tunduru, na Waziri wa Nchi, Ofisi ya Waziri Mkuu, (Bunge na Uratibu) Marehemu Juma Jamaldin Akukweti. Wote tulimfahamu Marehemu Akukweti kwa umakini na umahiri wake hapa Bungeni. Marehemu Akukweti alifariki kutokana na ajali ya ndege iliyokuwa inamrejesha Dar es Salaam baada ya kumaliza kazi ya kukagua soko la Mwanjelwa lililoteketea kwa moto mkoani Mbeya. Katika ajali hiyo Watumishi wa Serikali walipoteza maisha. Watumishi hao ni Bibi Theresia Nyantori, Mwandishi wa Habari wa Idara ya Habari; Bwana Nathaniel Katinila, Mratibu wa Mradi wa Masoko; na Bwana George Bendera, Afisa Habari Idara ya Maafa, Ofisi ya Waziri Mkuu. Majeruhi katika ajali hiyo ambao bado wanapata matibabu lakini wametoka hosptali ni Bw. Nisetas Kanje, Katibu wa Waziri wa Nchi, Ofisi ya Waziri Mkuu, (Bunge na Uratibu); na rubani wa ndege hiyo Bw. Martin Sumari. Tunamwomba Mwenyezi Mungu awasaidie majeruhi wote waweze kupona haraka na kurudia katika afya zao.
    [Show full text]
  • Tanzania Human Rights Report 2008
    Legal and Human Rights Centre Tanzania Human Rights Report 2008: Progress through Human Rights Funded By; Embassy of Finland Embassy of Norway Embassy of Sweden Ford Foundation Oxfam-Novib Trocaire Foundation for Civil Society i Tanzania Human Rights Report 2008 Editorial Board Francis Kiwanga (Adv.) Helen Kijo-Bisimba Prof. Chris Maina Peter Richard Shilamba Harold Sungusia Rodrick Maro Felista Mauya Researchers Godfrey Mpandikizi Stephen Axwesso Laetitia Petro Writers Clarence Kipobota Sarah Louw Publisher Legal and Human Rights Centre LHRC, April 2009 ISBN: 978-9987-432-74-5 ii Acknowledgements We would like to recognize the immense contribution of several individuals, institutions, governmental departments, and non-governmental organisations. The information they provided to us was invaluable to the preparation of this report. We are also grateful for the great work done by LHRC employees Laetitia Petro, Richard Shilamba, Godfrey Mpandikizi, Stephen Axwesso, Mashauri Jeremiah, Ally Mwashongo, Abuu Adballah and Charles Luther who facilitated the distribution, collection and analysis of information gathered from different areas of Tanzania. Our 131 field human rights monitors and paralegals also played an important role in preparing this report by providing us with current information about the human rights’ situation at the grass roots’ level. We greatly appreciate the assistance we received from the members of the editorial board, who are: Helen Kijo-Bisimba, Francis Kiwanga, Rodrick Maro, Felista Mauya, Professor Chris Maina Peter, and Harold Sungusia for their invaluable input on the content and form of this report. Their contributions helped us to create a better report. We would like to recognize the financial support we received from various partners to prepare and publish this report.
    [Show full text]
  • Tanzania Page 1 of 7
    Tanzania Page 1 of 7 Published on Freedom House (https://freedomhouse.org) Home > Tanzania Tanzania Country: Tanzania Year: 2016 Freedom Status: Partly Free Political Rights: 3 Civil Liberties: 4 Aggregate Score: 60 Freedom Rating: 3.5 Overview: In October, Tanzania held its most competitive elections since its transition to multiparty rule in the early 1990s. John Magufuli, the candidate of the ruling Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) party, won the presidential election with 58 percent of the vote. The runner-up, Chama Cha Demokrasia na Maendeleo (CHADEMA) candidate Edward Lowassa—a former prime minister who had been considered a front-runner for the CCM nomination and who had defected to the opposition after losing the ruling party’s primary nomination—claimed electoral malfeasance and rejected the results. International observers generally assessed the conduct of the elections on Tanzania’s mainland positively. Magufuli was inaugurated in November, succeeding President Jakaya Kikwete of the CCM; Magufuli’s running mate, Samia Suluhu Hassan, became the country's first- ever female vice president. Meanwhile, the CCM lost some seats in the parliamentary polls, as opposition parties, many of which had coordinated parliamentary and presidential candidates through a unified coalition, gained their largest representation in parliament yet. Later in November, parliament approved Majaliwa Kassim Majaliwa, a former junior minister and relative unknown, as the country’s new prime minister. However, simultaneous elections on the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar sparked controversy. Polls conducted ahead of the vote had predicted a contentious election for Zanzibar’s president and a potential victory for Maalim Seif Sharif Hamad of the opposition Civic United Front (CUF).
    [Show full text]
  • CCM Imefeli Visiwani
    Mpenzi msomaji kuanzia Februari 19, 2015 ANNUUR litapatikana kwa Shs 800/= tu Sauti ya Waislamu JINAMIZI LA UDINI TANZANIA: Sheikh Suleiman Takadir, “Askofu Makarios” ISSN 0856 - 3861 Na. 1164 RABIUL THANI 1436, IJUMAA , FEBRUARI 13-19, 2015 BEI TShs 500/=, Kshs 50/= Uk.14 Al-Shabaab asilimisha wafungwa Segerea Aliingia Collins atoka akiwa Muhammad Sheikh Msellem ampa ‘Kalima Shahada’ MUHAMMAD Javan Omundi, Mkenya aliyesilimu akiwa gerezani Segerea Jijini Dar es Salaam. Ghasani, hili ndio kosa la Wazanzibari…. Kila uchochoro Mji Mkongwe akina ‘William’ wanaona gaidi Ila kama ni balaa wataleta Wazungu na… Rais Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete akimpa zawadi mwenyeji wake Sultani wa Oman Qaboos bin Said Al Said katika kasri ya AL Alam jijini Muscat Oman, wakati Wanaopiga kampeni za chuki kanisani wa ziara yake nchini humo mwaka jana. Sio hizi porojo za Waarabu wa Oman CCM imefeli Visiwani CUF yahitaji kubadilika haraka La sivyo itakuwa haichaguliki IPO haja kwa CUF Wanahitaji na kutaraji vipande vya kupigia kubadilika haraka vyama vyao vya siasa kura kwa vyama iwezakanavyo, la wanavyoviamini na vyengine. sivyo, wafuasi wake kuvikubali kuwa Maana vyama wataikimbia, ingawa vitawafikisha pazuri. vyote viwili, CUF hawatarejea CCM. Lakini huenda na CCM, vyaelekea Zanzibar wanahitaji watakubali wasipige kufanana kwa kila MMOJA wa waliokuwa mabadiliko. kura au wauze hali! (Soma Uk.8) MHE. William Lukuvi Masultan wa Zanzibar. AN-NUUR 2 Tahariri/Makala ya Mtangazaji RABIUL THANI 1436, IJUMAA FEBRUARI 13-19, 2015 AN-NUUR Palestine opens first Western Europe embassy in Sweden S.L.P. 55105, Simu: +022 2400786 Cel: 0784 370 208, 0713 110 148, 0755 260 087 , DSM. PALESTINE has opened its www.annuurpapers.co.tz E-mail: [email protected] first embassy in Western Ofisi zetu zipo: Manzese Tip Top Europe in the Swedish Usangi House (Jengo dogo), barabara ya Morogoro, D'Salaam capital city of Stockholm amid Israel’s anger.
    [Show full text]
  • Issued by the Britain-Tanzania Society No 106 Sept - Dec 2013
    Tanzanian Affairs Text 1 Issued by the Britain-Tanzania Society No 106 Sept - Dec 2013 The Race for the State House President Obama’s Visit Surprises in Draft Constitution Tanzania in a Turbulent World Shangaa - Art Surprising the US Newspaper cover featuring twelve people said to be eying the Presidency. cover photo: Shirt celebrating the visit of President Obama to Tanzania. New cover design - we are trying a new printer who offers full colour. Comments welcome, and please send photos for future covers to [email protected] David Brewin: THE RACE FOR STATE HOUSE Americans usually start campaigning for the next election contest almost immediately after the completion of the previous one. Tanzania seems to be moving in the same direction. Although the elections are not due until late 2015, those aspirants who are considering standing for the top job are beginning to quietly mobilise their support. Speculation is now rife in political circles on the issue of who will succeed President Kikwete. Unlike some of his opposite numbers in other states, notably Zimbabwe, he is expected to comply with the law and retire at the end of his second term as all his predecessors have done. A number of prominent figures are expected to compete in the elections. One factor which could become crucial is a long established ‘under- standing’ that, if the president is a Muslim, as is President Kikwete, his successor should be a Christian. President Nyerere was a Catholic, former President Mwinyi is a Muslim and President Mkapa is also a Catholic. As both the Christian presidents have been Catholics the large Protestant community might be wondering when its time will come.
    [Show full text]
  • Tanzania General Elections
    Report of the Commonwealth Observer Group Tanzania General Elections 25 October 2015 Report of the Commonwealth Observer Group Tanzania General Elections 25 October 2015 Table of Contents CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ................................................................................. 1 Terms of Reference ......................................................................... 1 Activities ...................................................................................... 2 Chapter 2 ........................................................................................ 3 POLITICAL BACKGROUND ...................................................................... 3 Major Developments since Independence ............................................... 3 Restoration of Multi-Party Politics ........................................................ 4 Electoral History since the Adoption of Multi-Party Politics .......................... 4 Other Political Developments ............................................................. 6 Key Developments for the 2015 General Elections ..................................... 6 Chapter 3 ........................................................................................ 9 ELECTORAL FRAMEWORK AND ELECTION ADMINISTRATION .............................. 9 Electoral System ............................................................................. 9 Legal Framework and International and Regional Commitments .................... 9 National Electoral Commission and Zanzibar Electoral Commission
    [Show full text]
  • MAJADILIANO YA BUNGE ___MKUTANO WA SITA Kikao Cha
    BUNGE LA TANZANIA ______________ MAJADILIANO YA BUNGE _____________ MKUTANO WA SITA Kikao cha Nane – Tarehe 10 Februari, 2012 (Mkutano Ulianza Saa Tatu Asubuhi) D U A Spika (Mhe. Anne S. Makinda) Alisoma Dua HATI ZILIZOWASILISHWA MEZANI Hati ifuatayo iliwasilishwa Mezani na:- NAIBU WAZIRI WA ELIMU NA MAFUNZO YA UFUNDI: Taarifa ya Mwaka na Hesabu zilizokaguliwa za Chuo Kikuu Huria cha Tanzania kwa Mwaka 2009/2010[The Annual Report and Audited Accounts on the Activities of the Open University of Tanzania for the Financial Year 2009/2010]. MASWALI NA MAJIBU Na. 105 Upungufu wa Maji Katika Mji wa Pangani MHE. SALEHE A. PAMBA aliuliza:- Mji wa Pangani ni Mji unaokuwa kwa kasi kutokana na ongezeko la watu na shughuli za kiuchumi. ongezeko hilo husababisha maji yanayosambazwa na Mamlaka ya Maji Pangani kutosheleza mahitaji ya wakazi wa Mji huo:- Je, Serikali ina mpango gani wa kuongeza ujazo wa maji katika Mji huo ili kukudhi mahitaji hayo? NAIBU WAZIRI, OFISI YA WAZIRI MKUU, TAWALA ZA MIKOA NA SERIKALI ZA MITAA (TAMISEMI) alijibu:- Mheshimiwa Spika, kwa niaba ya Mheshimiwa Waziri MKuu naomba kujibu swali la Mheshiumiwa Salehe Ahmed Pamba, Mbunge wa Pangani, kama ifuatavyo:- Mheshimiwa Spika, huduma ya maji katika Mji wa Pangani na Vijiji vinavyoizunguka Mji huu vya Boza, Mwenbeni, Madanga, Jaira na Kimang’a hutolewa na kusimamiwa na mamlaka ya maji safi mjini. Idadi ya wakazi wanaohudumiwa na mamlaka ya maji ni 16,320 na mahitaji yao ya maji yanakadiriwa kuwa mita za ujazo 2250 kwa siku (2250m3/d) na uwezo wa mamlaka kusambaza maji kwa sasa ni mita za ujazo 1,184 kwa siku ambazo ni sawa na asilimia 52 ya mahitaji ya maji.
    [Show full text]
  • Issued by the Britain-Tanzania Society No 116 January 2017
    Tanzanian Affairs Issued by the Britain-Tanzania Society No 116 January 2017 A new editor after 30 years One year into Magufuli’s Presidency Earthquake in Kagera Tanzania & Morocco ASANTE DAVID ! As the incoming editor of Tanzanian Affairs, I feel very lucky – and a little daunted – to be able to follow in the footsteps of David Brewin, who has done a fantastic job editing the journal for more than 30 years. Over that time, Tanzanian Affairs has evolved and grown under his stewardship into the engaging, informative and highly respected publication that it is today. I am sure you will all join me in thanking him for his remarkable work. David has now decided it is time to step back from the editorship, though I am delighted to say that he will continue to be involved as a contributor. I promise to do my best to protect David’s wonderful legacy and to maintain the high regard in which TA is held by its readers. Ben Taylor Incoming Editor, Tanzanian Affairs Left is the cover of Issue 19 (1984), the first issue edited by David, covering the death of Edward Sokoine in a car crash. To the right is the familiar green cover David introduced a year later which many readers will remember. cover photo: PM Majaliwa views earthquake damage in Kagera (State House) Ben Taylor: ONE YEAR INTO MAGUFULI’S PRESIDENCY Since coming to office, the pace of President Magufuli’s activity has surprised many observers. In government, the phrase – HapaKaziTu! (Work and nothing else!) – rapidly evolved from a campaign slogan into a philosophy for governance.
    [Show full text]
  • Tanzania.Informalgovernance.Country Report
    Informal Governance and Corruption – Transcending the Principal Agent and Collective Action Paradigms Dismantling networks of corruption: challenges and opportunities in reforming informal governance in Tanzania Sambaiga, R.F., Baez-Camargo, C. and Koechlin, L. | July 2018 Basel Institute on Governance Steinenring 60 | 4051 Basel, Switzerland | +41 61 205 55 11 [email protected] | www.baselgovernance.org BASEL INSTITUTE ON GOVERNANCE This research has been funded by the UK government's Department for International Development (DFID) and the British Academy through the British Academy/DFID Anti-Corruption Evidence Programme. However, the views expressed do not necessarily reflect those of the British Academy or DFID. 1 BASEL INSTITUTE ON GOVERNANCE Table of contents 1 Introduction 4 1.1 Informal Governance and Corruption: Rationale and project background 4 1.2 Conceptual approach and methods 4 1.3 Informality and informal networks in Tanzania 5 2 From ideology to instrumentality: the development of network-based governance in Tanzania 7 2.1 Rise and fall of the Wanamtandao 11 2.2 The Magufuli nomination 12 3 Analysis: drivers of informal governance and the 3C’s 14 3.1 From single party state to competitive authoritarianism and top-down co-optation of political actors 14 3.2 Economic liberalisation and horizontal co-optation 17 4 Informal governance and the failure of anti-corruption measures 19 4.1 Elections as drivers of corruption 19 4.2 Managing the networks: co-optation and control practices 20 4.3 Informal governance and the
    [Show full text]