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AP US History Mr. Blackmon Chapter 30 Turbulent Sixties Kennedy Administration: 1. All of the following were characteristic of reform activity during both the Progressive and the 1960s EXCEPT A . Civil rights for black Americans were supported by the federal government B. Reform activity was encouraged by strong and active Presidents C. Reform in the area of women's rights was advocated by feminists D. Governmental reform initiatives were curtailed by war E. Reform occurred despite the absence of severe economic depression. 2. Which of the following was the most important factor in John F. Kennedy’s 1960 presidential election victory over Richard Nixon? A. Americans’ deep and growing dissatisfaction with the Eisenhower Administration B. Revelations of corrupt activities on the part of Nixon C . Kennedy’s better showing in nationally televised debates D. Kennedy’s long record of administrative experience as governor of Massachusetts E. Nixon’s failure to serve in the armed forces during the Second World War. 3. After concluding its investigation of the assassination of President John F. Kennedy, the Warren Commission announced its finding that A . Lee Harvey Oswald acted alone in assassinating the president B. Oswald was assisted by two other marksmen on the “grassy knoll” in front of the presidential motorcade C. Oswald had been the only gunman but was part of a widespread conspiracy D. Oswald in fact had nothing to do with the assassination E. The true facts of the assassination and any possible conspiracy involved with it will probably never be known. 4. Which of the following was an achievement of the John F. Kennedy administration? A Passage of civil rights legislation B Passage of bills to create health insurance for the aged and to increase aid to education C Extension of diplomatic recognition to the People's Republic of China D Passage of the Alliance for Progress to provide economic aid for Latin America E Passage of the Economic Opportunity Bill 5. The 1962 book that helped launch the national environmental movement was A James Baldwin's The Fire Next Time B Michael Harrington's The Other America C Alice Walker's In Search of Our Mothers' Gardens D Jack Kerouac's On The Road E R achel Carson's Silent Spring 6. The Bay of Pigs incident involved A. The presence of Soviet nuclear missiles in Cuba B. A ClA plot to overthrow Chilean leader Salvador Allende C. A confrontation between U.S. and Soviet troops in Europe D. A clash between a U.S. Navy destroyer and North Vietnamese patrol boats. E . A U.S. sponsored attempt by free Cubans to overthrow Communist dictator Fidel Castro. 7. The Bay of Pigs affair had what effect on John Kennedy’s presidency? A. It made Kennedy a national hero for his tough, uncompromising stand against Castro and Communist Cuba B. It forced Soviet Premier Khrushchev to schedule an early summit meeting with Kennedy to avoid future American-Soviet confrontations C. It had virtually no effect on Kennedy’s presidency, as it was kept secret until after Kennedy’s assassination D. It forced Kennedy to allow Soviet occupation of military bases in Cuba E . I t was a major embarrassment to Kennedy’s administration and led to further crises in American-Cuban relations 8. In 1962, which of the following contributed most directly to a crisis in Soviet- American relations over Cuba? A Cuban attacks on the United States naval base at Guantanamo B. The failure of the Bay of Pigs invasion. C. Cuban support for leftist guerilla movements in Latin America. D Cuban withdrawal from the Organization of American States. E . T he discovery of Soviet missile sites in Cuba. 9. The Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962 A. Displayed Soviet nuclear superiority B . F orced President Kennedy to quarantine military equipment shipped to Cuba C. Boosted Nikita Khrushchev’s position in the international community D. Enabled the Cubans to deploy nuclear warheads E. Helped the United States prepare for the Bay of Pigs invasion. 10. What event made Kennedy a national hero in 1962 due to the way in which people believed he successfully stood up to the Russians? A. The Berlin Blockade B. The Berlin Wall Crisis C. The Pueblo Incident D . T he Cuban Missile Crisis E. The Gulf of Tonkin Incident 11. Which of the following best describes the agreement that ended the 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis? A. The Soviet Union agreed not to station troops in Cuba, and the United States agreed not to invade Cuba. B . T he Soviet Union agreed to withdraw its missiles from Cuba, and the United States agreed not to invade Cuba. C. The Soviet Union agreed not to invade Turkey and the United States agreed not to invade Cuba. D. The Soviet Union agreed to withdraw its missiles from Cuba, and the United States agreed not to invade Turkey. E. The Soviet Union agreed to withdraw its missiles from Cuba, and the United States agreed to withdraw its missiles from Western Europe. 12. Which of the following resulted from the Cuban missile crisis? A The Soviets were allowed to keep existing missiles in Cuba but could not increase the number of missiles. B The United States agreed to withdraw from Berlin in exchange for Soviet withdrawal from Cuba C The Soviets gained none of their objectives, while the United States emerged victorious D The United States succeeded in eliminating all communist influence from the Western Hemisphere E The Soviets withdrew their missiles from Cuba in exchange for a promise from the United States not to attack Fidel Castro Johnson Administration 13. Lyndon Johnson’s Great Society program was aimed primarily at A. Spurring advances in American science and technical education and increasing funding to high-tech facilities B. Sending American volunteers to impoverished foreign nations to help educate their people and build their economic base C . Securing civil rights for all Americans and eliminating poverty D. Providing minimum wage jobs for all unemployed Americans and shifting tax dollars from the military to the civilian sector of the economy E. Retraining adults who had dropped out of school and increasing the number of Americans who attended college. 14. The “War on Poverty” was an attempt by A. President Richard Nixon to aid Latin American nations B . President Lyndon Johnson to end hunger and economic despair in America C. President John F. Kennedy to organize the Peace Corps D. George Marshall to feed the people of Europe after World War II E. President Dwight Eisenhower to reduce the number of people on public assistance. 15. The major objective of the antipoverty programs of Lyndon B. Johnson's Great Society was to A break the cycle of poverty among poor people through education and job training B provide temporary benefits to the "new poor" during times of recession C transfer the federal government's responsibility for welfare back to the states D simplify welfare by replacing job programs with cash grants for the poor E build a socialist society in the United States 16. During 1968 the deep divisions within the American public were demonstrated by all of the following EXCEPT A the assassinations of Robert F. Kennedy and Martin Luther King, Jr. B urban riots in major cities across the country C antiwar demonstrations at the Democratic national convention in Chicago D the refusal of most Republicans to support Richard Nixon as their presidential candidate E the strong showing of George Wallace's American Independent Party in southern states and some northern urban centers 17. Segregationists had the choice of aJ;lti-integrationist candidates for president in both the 1948 and 1968 elections. Their choices in these two campaigns were, respectively, A Thomas Dewey and George McGovern B Henry Wallace and John Anderson C Henry Wallace and Richard Nixon D Strom Thurmond and George Wallace E Strom Thurmond and Henry Wallace 18. Which of the following statements about George Wallace's third-party presidential campaign in 1968 is correct? A He appealed to many middle-class voters upset by the civil disobedience associated with the Civil Rights and antiwar demonstrations B He appealed to the isolationists who opposed United States involvement in Vietnam. C He supported the integrationist goals of Martin Luther King, Jr., but opposed the more extreme tactics of the Black Muslims and Black Panthers. D He was strongly supported by intellectuals and college students who thought the Democratic and Republican parties were both too conservative. E He advocated an expansion of poverty programs in an effort to win the support of the inner-city poor 19. All of the following were presidential candidates during the campaign of 1968 EXCEPT A George McGovern B Eugene McCarthy C George Wallace D Richard Nixon E Hubert Humphrey 20. Which of the following is correct about United States involvement in the Vietnam War? A. It was justified by an appeal to the Open Door policy. B. It was the exclusive responsibility of the Johnson and Nixon administration. C. It came about only after a formal declaration of war. D. It was primarily anti-Soviet in purpose. E . It grew out of policy commitments and assumptions since the Second World War. 21. Which of the following is true of the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution? A It ended the Vietnam War B It barely passed in Congress, reflecting the bitter division over American involvement in Vietnam C It was a statement of American policy that followed the Tet Offensive D It allowed the President to deploy combat troops in South Vietnam E It provided for the first peace negotiations between the United States and North Vietnam 22.

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