Islamists, Religion, and the Revolution in Syria Mohammad Abu Rumman ΔϴϤηΎϬϟΔϴϧΩέϷΔϜϠϤϤϟ ΔϴϨρϮϟΔΒΘϜϤϟΓήΩϯΪϟωΪϳϹϢϗέ (2013/9/3259) ή˷ΒόϳϻϭϪϔϨμϣϯϮΘΤϣϦϋΔϴϧϮϧΎϘϟΔϴϟϭΆδϤϟϞϣΎϛϒϟΆϤϟϞϤΤΘϳ ϯήΧΔϴϣϮϜΣΔϬΟϱϭϪϴϨρϮϟΔΒΘϜϤϟΓήΩϱέ ϦϋϒϨμϤϟάϫ Imprint Published in 2013 by Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, FES Jordan & Iraq / FES Syria FES Jordan & Iraq P.O. Box 941876 Amman 11194, Jordan Email:
[email protected] Website: www.fes-jordan.org FES Syria P.O. Box 116107 Riad El Solh Beirut 1107 2210, Lebanon Not for sale. © FES Jordan & Iraq / FES Syria All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reprinted, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means without prior written permission from the publishers. The views and opinions expressed in this publication are solely those of the original authors. They do not necessarily represent those of the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung or the editor. Translation: Dr. Hassan Barari Editing: Anja Wehler-Schoeck Cover: Ramzi al-Arabi Printing: Economic Printing Press ISBN: 978-9957-484-26-2 2 Foreword In the current fall of 2013, not a single day passes by without the crisis in Syria making new headlines. The international community has demonstrated indecision regarding concerted strategic action in the face of Bashar al-Assad’s brutal acts against the Syrian population. Meanwhile, the subsequent refugee crisis is heavily impacting Syria’s neighboring countries Jordan, Turkey, Lebanon and to a lesser extent Iraq. In the two latter, the political implications of what is turning more and more into a proxy war are felt the strongest and contribute to the increasing instability of both countries.