SSU Dept. Intercollegiate Athletics

FIRST AID ADULT CPR AED Good Samaritan Law - Protection for Voluntary Care

— A lay person who decides voluntarily to act in an emergency, but does not have any special or advanced medical training — Expects No Compensation Good Samaritan Law - Protection for Voluntary Care

— California Health and Safety Code Section 1799.102 says, “No person who in goodfaith, and not for compensation, renders emergency medical or nonmedical care at the scene of an emergency shall be liable for any civil damages resulting from any act or omission.”Dec 15, 2014 First Responder

—A person trained in emergency care that can be called on to give such care as routine part of their job. —Prerequisite for EMT Training BASIC EMERGENCY ACTION STEPS —CHECK

—CALL 911 — Potential Life-Threatening Injuries / Illness — Unusual Behavior / Sounds / Odors

—CARE Obtaining Consent

— Identify yourself

— State level of training

— Explain what you observe

— Explain what you plan to do

— Ask permission

— If No consent – Do Not Provide Care / Call 911 Anyway Prevention of Disease Transmission —Personal Hygiene —PPE – Personal Protective Equipment — Gloves (Change btw Patients / Don’t Touch other things / wash hands after use) —Engineering Controls —Work Practice Controls SAMPLE History

— Medical Identification Tags — S – Signs and Symptoms — A – Allergies — Not just medications — M – Medications — P – Pertinent Medical History — L – Last Food or Drink — E – Events Leading up to the Insident Steps in General Care for Respiratory - Cardiac Arrest — Check Consciousness - Unresponsiveness Shout & Tap Check Breathing 5-10 sec. — Someone Call 9-1-1 — 30 Chest Compressions — 2 SLOW Rescue Breaths — Checking for Chest to Rise (About 1 second) Steps In Caring for Respiratory - Cardiac Arrest cont. — Pulse Present = Rescue Breathing — Adults / Children 1 Breath : every 5 seconds — Infants 1 breath: every 3 seconds — Be Aware of Volume — Pulse Absent / Cardiac Arrest = CPR — 30 Compressions (Rate of 100 min.) — 2 Breaths (1 sec breath rate) Cardiac Chain of Survival (Increases Chance of Survival) Actions by a Citizen Responder Recognition of Problem

Persistent Chest Pain / Profuse Sweating / Nausea Calls 9-1-1 Overview of CPR

Adult Child Infant Compressions (Smooth/Reg) 100 per min 100 per min 100 per min Compression Depth 1½ - 2 inches 1 –1½ inches ½ - 1 inch

Breaths 1 second long 1 second long 1 second long Cycles 1 30 to 2 (5x- Person 2min) 30 to 2 30 to 2 Cycles 2 People 30 to 2 15 to 2 15 to 2 CPR Compressions — Push 1½ - 2 inches

— 100 – 120 compressions minute

— Smooth & Regular

— Straight Up & Down

— Chest Returns to Normal Position

— 2 breaths to 30 compressions

— (5 cycles in 2 min.) Continue CPR Care Till:

—Fatigue —Unsafe Scene —Victim Breaths on Their Own —Transfer of Care Airway Obstruction Conscious — Encourage coughing — If can not breath/cough — Lean then forward give — 5 back blows — (between Shoulder Blades) — 5 abdominal thrusts — (Middle Abdomen Above Navel) — Until the airway becomes un-obstructed or the until the patient becomes unconscious — Same for Infant (different delivery of back blows and abdominal thrusts) Airway Obstruction Unconscious — Consciousness and Breathing Check — 30 Chest Compressions — 2 Rescue Breaths — If 1st Breath Does Not Go in Retilt Before 2nd — 30 Chest Compressions — Finger Sweep / 2 Breaths / Chest Comp — Repeat AED

— When Available Use as Soon as Possible — Electrically Stops Heart so it Can: Redevelop a Normal Rhythm — Does Not Restart a Non-Electrical Activity Heart — If “No Shock is Advised” Continue CPR AED Precautions

— Do Not Touch Patient Stand Clear — Prevents Shock of Bystander — Allows Appropriate Heart Rhythm Analysis of Patient — Water - Electronic Devices — Metal - Moving Vehicle — Flammables (oxygen) — Internal Pacemaker/Defibrillator — Medication Patches — Do Not Clean the Chest with Alcohol Pads — Do Not Defibrillate <8 Yr-Olds or < 55 Lbs. AED Procedures

— Confirm Cardiac Arrest — Turn On AED — Attach AED to Electrodes — Apply Pads to Victims Chest — Upper Right Side of Chest Btw Nipple & Collarbone — Lower Left Side of Chest Below Nipple — (Small Child Avoid Pads Touching : Center of Chest & Back) — Analyze — Deliver Shock if Advised AED Protocol

— Check Pulse — If No Pulse — Do CPR until AED Fully Attached & Ready

— Analyze Rhythm — Shock Advised — Deliver Shock (150 – 360 joules) — No Shock Advised — Recheck Pulse — In No Pulse Continue CPR Chain of Survival

Actions of Citizen Responder Recognition of Problem Calls 9-1-1 Shock Definition & Effects — Hypoperfusion = Inadequate Blood Volume

Due to Blood Loss

Fluid Loss

Vasodilatation — Life-Threatening — Inevitable Result of any Serious Illness or Injury (Burn / Wound / Anaphylaxis) Care for Shock

— Call 9-1-1 — Monitor vital signs - LOC — Help Circulation - Position — Help Breathing - Position / O2 — Keep Warm — Reassurance — Give specific care as needed Care External Bleeding

— Sterile Dressing with a Gloved Hand — Apply More Dressings- Do Not Remove

Direct Pressure Elevation Pressure Bandage Pressure Points

Tourniquet (Multiple Life-Threatening Victims) Care for Diabetic Emergency Too Much or Too Little Blood Sugar

— Shock Care — Ingestion of Sugar (15-20 grams sugar / wo fat content) — Call EMS if : Decreasing Vital Functions Care for Seizures — Place patient on soft ground away from anything that may injure them

— Do not hold or restrain

— Move Nearby Objects

— Protect head

— Call 911 if: > 5 minutes Seizure is in water First time seizure Pregnant Failure to regain consciousness

Known diabetes Fibrile Stroke (Ruptured or Blocked Blood Vessel in the Brain)

— F- Face (ask to smile) — Weakness on one side of face

— A – Arm (raise both arms) — Weakness or numbness on the arm

— S – Speech (repeat the sky is blue) — Slurred speech or trouble speaking

— T- Time — Time to call 9-1-1 — Note time Classification of Burns

— Superficial (1st Degree)

— Partial Thickness (2nd Degree)

— Full Thickness (3rd Degree)

— Treatment — Remove from Source — Cool — Cover — Tx for Shock Injuries Sprain — Ligament Strain — Muscle — Tendon

Tx RICE If Call 911 Ice Only Head, Neck or Spinal Injury Concussion

— Care — Call 9-1-1 — Minimize movement of the neck/head — Cervical Collar — In-Line Stabilization

— Concussion — Traumatic Brain Injury — Chemical Disruption of Neuro Function — Anatomical Damage to Nerves Heat Cramps / Exhaustion / Stroke

— Signs Extreme Sweating or None Pale Skin or Red Weakness and Exhaustion Mental Confusion Slightly Elevated Temp / Rapid Rise — Treatment Remove from Activity Get Shelter from Heat Cool Body Off Replace Fluids and Electrolytes Anaphylaxis

Exposure to An Allergen

— Food - Ingested (Shellfish / Peanuts – Legumes) / Insect Stings / Medications / Latex

Signs

— Severe Swelling

— Respiratory Difficulty

Tx

Epinephrine Auto Injector — Check Label and Medication

— Locate the Injection Site

— Grasp Firmly and Pull Off Safety Cap

— Tip of Injector at 90-degree Angle to Thigh

— Quickly and Firmly Push Tip Straight Into Outer Thigh

— Remove Injector and Massage Injection Site – Several Secs

— Check Person’s Response to Medication 2nd Dose if EMS Delayed and 5-10 min after first dose w Still Sign/Symptom Asthma – Acute Attack

— Defn. — Sudden worsening of asthma symptoms — Tightening of muscles around your airways (bronchospasm) — Lining of the airways also becomes swollen or inflamed and thicker mucus (more than normal) is produced.

— Tx — Quick-Relief Medication / Inhaler — Call 911 if non improvement within 5-15 min.