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Nursing Informatics Definitions Overview: Nursing Informatics Part II 0100011101000101010101010001011101001010101111101010101010010101010 1010010010111010101011001010101001101010100010110000001010101010101 0101010010100010010101001010100101001010001111010010101001010100101 0010010101001010100100000010100100000111000011101100110111111001010 1001010100001010101010100101010010101001000101010010101001010100101 0100101110011111100101111100101010100101010010101000010010010101010 1010101010111011100100010010101010010101010101010010101010010101001 0001110100010101010101000101110100101010111110101010101001010101010 1001001011101010101100101010100110101010001011000000101010101010101 0101001010001001010100101010010100101000111101001010100101010010100 1001010100101010010000001010010000011000011101100110111111001010100 1010100001010101010100101010010101001000101010010101001010100101010 0101110011111100101111100101010100101010010101000010010010101010101 0101010111011100100010010101010011101010100010101010000010101000111 1101010101010010101010001010101001010010101001001010010100101001010 0101011101010101010010100100010011010000010010000000111000111010111 1111100101010101001010101001000010010101010111010100101010000111001 1010101010101010101011111010100010010101010101011001000011100101000 1100011001 Krysia Hudson Nursing Informatics Definitions What is Informatics? The term “informatika” was coined by Russian scientist A. I. Mikhailov in 1966 as “the discipline of science which investigates the structures and properties (not specific content) of scientific information, as well as the regularities of scientific activity, its theory, history, methodology and organization." Collen, 1995 1 What is Informatics? The phrase ‘informatics’ was coined in the 1970’s from the French term, informatique It was used to emphasize the computer processing of data and information, whereas nursing data processed by the computer was referred to as nursing informatics. Nursing Informatics “… a combination of computer science, information science and nursing science designed to assist with the management and processing of data, information and knowledge to support the practice of nursing and the delivery of nursing care”. Graves and Corcoran, 1989 Nursing Informatics “…a specialty that integrates nursing science, computer science, and information science to manage and communicate data, information, and knowledge in nursing practice. Nursing Informatics facilitates the integration of data, information, and knowledge to support patients, nurses, and other providers in their decision-making in all roles and settings”. ANA Scope of Practice for Nursing Informatics, 2001) 2 Informatics in Healthcare Management and processing of information to support decision making in practice Encompasses all information needs related to a healthcare practice The study of informatics improves the effectiveness of data assimilation, interpretation and representation, so that healthcare professionals can make informed decision Components of Healthcare Informatics Cognitive Computer Science Science Information Science Turley, 1996 Cognitive Science The scientific study either of mind or of intelligence (e.g. Luger 1994). Focus on understanding the functions of the mind Human thinking, understanding and remembering Concerned with the nature of knowledge, its components, its sources, its development and its deployment 3 Cognitive science Is itself a combination of: Computer Science Psychology Linguistics Philosophy Anthropology Neuroscience Artificial intelligence Computer Science Refers primarily to the development, configuration and architecture of computer hardware and software Information Science primarily concerned with the structure, creation, management, storage, retrieval, dissemination and transfer of information, for future use. stu dies the applica tion of in forma tion in organizations, on its usage and the interaction between people, organizations and information systems recent years: also interest on human computer interaction (HCI) and to the ways people generate, use and find information. 4 Components of Nursing Informatics Nursing Computer Science Science Information Science ANA, 2001 I propose Definition evolves NI= fx (Information Science + Computer Science + Cognitive Science + Nursing Science) Purpose – to allow for managing and communicating of data, information and knowledge to support nurses and healthcare providers in making decisions concerning patients Focus Point of care Need focus on secondary data 5 Informatics Core Concepts Data Information Knowledge Widsom DIKW Wisdom Knowledge Information Data Data Discrete entities that are described without interpretation (Romano, 1996) Raw facts; basic materials 120, inflated, 98.6 120 – the speed I would like to run inflated – what my tire wasn’t last week 98.6 – my favorite FM station Data alone, has no meaning ! 6 Information Data processed into a structured form. Data that are interpreted, organized or structured and given meaning Systolic is 120 Foley inflated with 5 cc NSS 8 AM oral temperature is 98.6 degrees Knowledge Synthesized information derived from the interpretation of data, and it provides a logical basis for making decisions. UiUsing knowl ldedge is essentilial in making decisions as well as in making new discoveries. If systolic is 120 then discharge patient from unit If oral temperature is 98.6 then d/c cooling blanket The five rights of information Right information – accurate, free of error and meaningful Right person – must be given to right person to be useful Right time – time is crucial to patient’s health Right place - Right amount - 7 Boundaries INs use computers, technology, and other NI tools and methods to “support” nursing work INs focus on information structure, design, and presentation and on what that information can do to promote decision-making Boundaries within and outside nursing NI’s Boundaries Within Nursing distinguished from other nursing specialties by focus on information of nursing when focusing on handling of patient care information, the informatics nurse is functioning in the clinical domain. (ANA,1994) NI’s Boundaries Outside of Nursing Interaction with supporting disciplines computer science, management (science), information science, information services, engineering, and library science Interaction with all other healthcare disciplines Nurses use programs and data sets that are common to many clinical disciplines 8 Roles of Informatics Nurse Theory development Analysis of information needs Selection of computer systems DiDesign of computer systems and custom itiizations Testing of computer systems Training users of computer systems Education of users on information policies Hebda, Czar and Mascara (2005) Roles of Informatics Nurses Evaluation of the effectiveness of computer systems Ongoing maintenance and enhancements Identification of computer technologies that can benefit nursing Compliance with regulatory requirements for information handling Project management Research Hebda, Czar and Mascara (2005) This is the End of Module 1 Part II 9.
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