DOCSLIB.ORG

UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA Santa Barbara Resetting Predator

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA Santa Barbara Resetting Predator UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Santa Barbara Resetting predator baselines in coral reef ecosystems: population dynamics, behavior, and ecological characteristics A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Environmental Science and Management by Darcy E. Bradley Committee in charge: Professor Steven Gaines, Co-Chair Professor Bruce Kendall, Co-Chair Professor Robert Warner Dr. Jennifer Caselle September 2016 The dissertation of Darcy Bradley is approved. ____________________________________________ Jennifer Caselle ____________________________________________ Robert Warner ____________________________________________ Bruce Kendall, Committee Co-Chair ____________________________________________ Steven Gaines, Committee Co-Chair September 2016 ii Resetting predator baselines in coral reef ecosystems: population dynamics, behavior, and ecological characteristics Copyright © 2016 by Darcy Bradley iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am truly indebted to my advisors, Steve Gaines and Bruce Kendall, and my committee members, Jenn Caselle and Bob Warner, for their support throughout the past five years. Steve, thank you for granting me the freedom to pursue ideas that I thought were interesting, and thank you for giving me the necessary insights to make those ideas into publishable science. Bruce, thank you for always holding me to a very high standard, particularly in regards to math and methods. Jenn, I am truly indebted to you for the unparalleled opportunities you gave me in the field, for inviting me to participate in your ongoing research projects, and for not just teaching me, but also showing me, how to be a better scientist. Bob, thank you for generously offering your time, ear, and discerning eye to talk and read through each of my chapters – your comments and suggestions have profoundly improved this dissertation. All of the work presented here was conducted in collaboration with multiple individuals, and none of it would have been possible without their participation. In particular, I want to thank Yannis Papastamatiou for his contribution to each of these chapters, and for giving me numerous opportunities to collaborate on other projects. I also want to thank Eric Conklin, Doug McCauley, Kydd Pollock, and Amanda Pollock for their significant contributions to this work. Several field assistants helped collect the data used for my first two chapters: Jay Calhoun, Ryan Carr, Jacob Eurich, Alex Filous, Jonatha Giddens, Melanie Hutchinson, Scott Larned, Rebecca Most, Rich Pollock, Kosta Stamoulis, Jessica Schem, Mike Shepard, Roxy Sylva, Yuuki Watanabe, and Tim White. My third chapter never would have been completed without field assistance from Katie Davis and Peter Carlson, and lab assistance from Wade Sedgwick and Lindsay Hornsby. iv Fellowship funding was provided by a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship (DGE-114408), a Toyota Environmental Fellowship, and a Dr. Daniel Vapnek Fellowship. Field research was made possible by support from an AAUS Kathy Johnston English Scholarship, the National Geographic/Waitt Institute for Discovery, Save Our Seas Foundation, and the UCSB Coastal Fund. I would not have gotten through this work without my labmates, my dear friends, and my family – thank you all for your unwavering support. Thank you to my brother, Ryan Bradley, for encouraging me to be a marine biologist over ten years ago so we could “go on adventures for the rest of our lives and get paid.” Most importantly, I would like to thank my husband, Klaus Fastenmeier, for encouraging and supporting me unconditionally and unfathomably. This dissertation is dedicated to my grandparents, Joan and Larry Bradley, who introduced me to the wonders of the underwater world and who continue to inspire me to live a life full of great adventures. v CURRICULUM VITAE DARCY BRADLEY September 2016 EDUCATION Ph.D. University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB) – Bren School Environmental Science & Management (2016) B.A. (cum laude) Princeton University Philosophy (2007) FELLOWSHIPS & SCHOLARSHIPS 2013-16 NSF Graduate Research Fellowship 2013 AAUS Kathy Johnston English Scholarship 2012 Dr. Daniel Vapnek Award, UCSB Bren School 2011-12 Toyota Environmental Fellowship, UCSB Bren School 2007-08 Princeton in Asia Postgraduate Fellowship 2006 Princeton University International Internship Scholarship GRANTS 2016 UCSB Earth Research Institute, “Combatting illegal fishing, one high-value fishery at a time.” ($1000) 2016 UCSB Academic Senate Doctoral Student Travel Grant ($685) 2016 UCSB Bren School Conference Travel Award ($745) 2015 UCSB Bren School Conference Travel Award ($420) 2015-16 Save Our Seas Foundation, “Accounting for shark behaviour in estimates of reef shark population size and abundance.” ($4800) 2015-16 UCSB Coastal Fund, “Baited remote underwater video for monitoring and citizen science in California.” ($10200) vi 2014-15 National Geographic Society/Waitt Institute for Discovery (with J. Caselle and Y. Papastamatiou), “Exploration of deep water ecosystems and apex predators in a pristine atoll.” ($10900) 2010 Marine Conservation Action Fund, “Conservation of the threatened whale shark: public education and community monitoring via photo-identification.” ($6550) AWARDS 2016 Best Oral Presentation (UCSB Bren School PhD Student Symposium) 2015 Gruber Award (best student oral presentation, American Elasmobranch Society) 2015 Carrier Award (best student poster, American Elasmobranch Society) TEACHING EXPERIENCE 2014 Ecology Teaching Assistant (TA) for Dr. Dave Tilman 2014 Advanced Statistics Lecturer & TA for Dr. Allison Horst 2012-14 Statistics & Data Analysis TA for Dr. Allison Horst PUBLICATIONS 2016 Dee, L. E., S. Miller, L. Peavey, D. Bradley, et al. Functional diversity of catch mitigates negative effects of temperature variability on fisheries yields. Proceedings of the Royal Society B. 283:20161435. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2016.1435 2015 Papastamatiou, Y. P., Y. Y. Watanabe, D. Bradley, et al. Drivers of Daily Routines in an Ectothermic Marine Predator: Hunt Warm, Rest Warmer? PLoS ONE. 10(6):e0127807. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127807 2015 Aceves, E., A. Adeyemi, D. Bradley et al. Citizen Science as a Tool for Overcoming Insufficient Monitoring and Inadequate Stakeholder Buy-in in Adaptive Management: Criteria and Evidence. Ecosystems. doi: 10.1007/s10021-015-9842-4 vii 2014 Bradley, D. and S. D. Gaines. Counting the cost of overfishing on sharks and rays. eLife 3: e02199. 2014 Papastamatiou, Y. P., C. L. Wood, D. Bradley, D. J. McCauley, A. L. Pollock, J. E. Caselle. First records of the sicklefin lemon shark, Negaprion acutidens, at Palmyra Atoll, central Pacific: a recent colonization event? Marine Biodiversity Records. 7(e114). MANUSCRIPTS IN REVIEW In review Bradley, D. et al. Resetting predator baselines in coral reef ecosystems. In review Bradley, D., Y. P. Papastamatiou, J. E. Caselle. No persistent behavioral effects of scuba diving on marine predators In review Bradley, D. et al. Growth and life history variability of the grey reef shark (Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos) across its range. In review Davis, K., P. M. Carlson, D. Bradley, R. R. Warner, J. E. Caselle. Predation risk influences feeding rates but not space use for a Pacific parrotfish. In review Papastamatiou, Y. P., T. W. Bodey, A. Friedlander, C. Lowe, D. Bradley, et al. Competition shapes reef shark distribution. In review Papastamatiou, Y. P., Y. Y. Watanabe, U. Demsar, V. Leos-Barajas, D. Bradley, et al. Activity seascapes highlight central place foraging strategies in marine predators that do not require a home. PROFESSIONAL PRESENTATIONS 2016 13th International Coral Reef Symposium, “Low but stable reef shark population abundance and density at an unfished coral reef.” Honolulu, Hawaii, June 2016, oral presentation. viii 2016 Gordon Research Conference on Predator-Prey Interactions, “Do SCUBA divers affect the long term spatial behavior of reef sharks?” Ventura, California, January 2016, poster presentation. 2015 31st Annual Meeting of the American Elasmobranch Society (Joint Meeting of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists), “Managing a moving target: a spatially explicit capture-recapture reef shark population density estimate at an unfished coral reef” Reno, Nevada, July 2015, oral presentation. 2015 31st Annual Meeting of the American Elasmobranch Society (Joint Meeting of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists), “Do non-extractive human impacts have quantifiable behavioral effects on Palmyra’s reef sharks?” Reno, Nevada, July 2015, poster presentation. 2012 Ecological Society of America 97th Annual Meeting, “The Tradeoff Between Biodiversity and Management Effectiveness in Predicting Fisheries Production and Stability.” Portland, Oregon. August 2012, poster presentation. 2012 Gordon Research Conference in Industrial Ecology, “Effectiveness of Management Regime Better Predicts Fisheries Food Provisioning Services than Biodiversity at the EEZ Scale.” Les Diablerets, Switzerland, June 2012, poster presentation. 2010 Whale Shark International Conference, “Whale Shark Community Monitoring: understanding a threatened species.” Isla Mujeres, Mexico, July 2010, invited talk. LEADERSHIP External Advisor, Master’s Group Theses Projects (2014-present) Undergraduate Mentor, UCSB Women in STEM (2016-present) Founder & Mentor, Master’s Group Project Mentorship Program (2014-2016) ix Founder & Member, PhD Student Symposium Committee (2014-2016) PhD Student Representative, Dean’s Advisory Council (2013-2016) Co-advisor,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Introduction to Eu External Action
    UNITED NATIONS UNEP/MED WG.450/Inf.3 UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME MEDITERRANEAN ACTION PLAN 25 June 2018 Original: English Regional Meeting on IMAP Implementation: Best Practices, Gaps and Common Challenges Rome, Italy, 10-12 July 2018 Agenda item 4: Supporting Resource Mobilization for IMAP Implementation A Funding Strategy for the implementation of the Ecosystem Approach in the Mediterranean, with a special emphasis on the implementation needs of the Integrated Monitoring and Assessment Programme in the Southern Mediterranean For environmental and economic reasons, this document is printed in a limited number. Delegates are kindly requested to bring their copies to meetings and not to request additional copies. UNEP/MAP Athens, 2018 A FUNDING STRATEGY FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ECOSYSTEM APPROACH IN THE MEDITERRANEAN, WITH A SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON THE IMPLEMENTATION NEEDS OF THE INTEGRATED MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT PROGRAMME IN THE SOUTHERN MEDITERRANEAN Table of Contents 1. Executive Summary 2. Introduction: The implementation needs of the Ecosystem Approach in the Mediterranean and the overall objective of the draft Ecosystem Approach Funding Strategy: 2.1. Overall policy framework for Ecosystem Approach in the Mediterranean 2.2. Ecosystem Approach Roadmap under the UN Environment/MAP-Barcelona Convention 2.3. Key implementation needs 3. Specific implementation needs of the Southern Mediterranean Countries: Capacity Assessment of IMAP implementation needs of Southern Mediterranean (EcAp-MEDII project beneficiaries) countries (Algeria, Egypt, Israel, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia): 3.1. Algeria 3.2. Egypt 3.3. Israel 3.4. Lebanon 3.5. Libya 3.6. Morocco 3.7. Tunisia 4. Funding opportunities for the implementation of the Ecosystem Approach/IMAP in the Mediterranean under the EU MFF: 4.1.
    [Show full text]
  • Climate-Driven Deoxygenation Elevates Fishing Vulnerability for The
    RESEARCH ARTICLE Climate-driven deoxygenation elevates fishing vulnerability for the ocean’s widest ranging shark Marisa Vedor1,2, Nuno Queiroz1,3†*, Gonzalo Mucientes1,4, Ana Couto1, Ivo da Costa1, Anto´ nio dos Santos1, Frederic Vandeperre5,6,7, Jorge Fontes5,7, Pedro Afonso5,7, Rui Rosa2, Nicolas E Humphries3, David W Sims3,8,9†* 1CIBIO/InBIO, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agra´rio de Vaira˜ o, Vaira˜ o, Portugal; 2MARE, Laborato´rio Marı´timo da Guia, Faculdade de Cieˆncias da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Nossa Senhora do Cabo, Cascais, Portugal; 3Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth, United Kingdom; 4Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientı´ficas (IIM-CSIC), Vigo, Spain; 5IMAR – Institute of Marine Research, Departamento de Oceanografia e Pescas, Universidade dos Ac¸ores, Horta, Portugal; 6MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Cieˆncias da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; 7Okeanos - Departamento de Oceanografia e Pescas, Universidade dos Ac¸ores, Horta, Portugal; 8Centre for Biological Sciences, Highfield Campus, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; 9Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre Southampton, Waterfront Campus, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom *For correspondence: [email protected] (NQ); Abstract Climate-driven expansions of ocean hypoxic zones are predicted to concentrate [email protected] (DWS) pelagic fish in oxygenated surface layers, but how expanding hypoxia and fisheries will interact to affect threatened pelagic sharks remains unknown. Here, analysis of satellite-tracked blue sharks †These authors contributed equally to this work and environmental modelling in the eastern tropical Atlantic oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) shows shark maximum dive depths decreased due to combined effects of decreasing dissolved oxygen Competing interests: The (DO) at depth, high sea surface temperatures, and increased surface-layer net primary production.
    [Show full text]
  • Science for Sustainable Marine Bioresources
    - SCIENCE FOR SUSTAINABLE MARINE BIORESOURCES A report for the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), the Department of Environment, Fisheries and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) and the Scottish Executive for Environment and Rural Affairs (SEERAD) Manuel Barange GLOBEC International Project Office Plymouth Marine Laboratory Prospect Place Plymouth PL1 3DH [email protected] May 2005 CONTENTS Executive Summary page 3 1. Introduction page 5 2. Why a research activity on sustainable Marine Bioresources page 6 2.1. Scientific drivers page 7 2.2. Policy drivers page 8 2.3. Structural drivers page 9 3. State of the research on Marine Bioresources in the UK page 11 4. Principles behind a new research activity page 15 5. A scientific programme for the Marine Ecosystem Research Partnership (MERP) page 18 5.1. Module 1 page 21 5.2. Module 2 page 25 5.3. Module 3 page 29 5.4. Module 4 page 34 5.5. Module 5 page 39 6. Implementation strategy page 41 7. The international context page 45 8. Conclusions page 48 9. Acknowledgements page 49 10. References page 50 11. Appendix page 56 11.1. Appendix 1: Terms of reference page 57 11.2. Appendix 2: Scoping forms page 58 2 Executive Summary The Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) and the Scottish Executive Environment and Rural Affairs Department (SEERAD) commissioned a study to explore the possibility for improvements in the science supporting current and future management needs in the area of Marine Bioresources1. The study was endorsed by English Nature (EN), Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH), Joint National Conservation Committee (JNCC), the National Federation of Fishermen’s Organisation (NFFO) and the Department of Agriculture & Rural Development in Northern Ireland (DARDNI).
    [Show full text]
  • Save Our Seas Foundation Press
    BREAKING NEWS : 28 AUGUST 2019 1/2 ENDANGERED SHARK AND RAY SPECIES RECEIVE GLOBAL SUPPORT AT CITES CONFERENCE IN GENEVA Geneva, Switzerland – Since August 17, most of the 183 member nations of the Convention on Sharks and rays are essential for the overall health International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild of our oceans, helping to maintain marine ecosystem Fauna and Floras (CITES) have been debating trade balance. The added trade regulations for these regulations for numerous endangered species at species comes at a crucial time. Across their range, their eighteenth Conference of Parties (CoP18). The they have all been declining at alarming rates, with Geneva-based Save Our Seas Foundation (an extinction already taking place in some areas. When organization supporting shark and ray research and shark and ray population disturbances like this take conservation projects across the globe) has been in place it can lead to unforeseen consequences, such attendance throughout the conference alongside as the collapse of fisheries. some of its key project leaders. “The increase in shark and ray Appendix II listings On Sunday, August 25th, a long-awaited victory was from 29 to 47 at this year’s Conference of Parties achieved when Committee 1 of CITES approved demonstrates a stronger willingness from countries Appendix II listings for endangered mako sharks to stand up for the many critically endangered fish (72% Parties voted in favour), all 10 species of species,” explained Aurélie Grospiron, Director of wedgefishes (78% in favour), and six species of giant Communication of Save Our Seas Foundation. guitarfishes (79%). Well-regarded for its strong “Since 2017, we’ve been dedicating more of our benefits, an Appendix II listing is an international resources towards research and conservation ruling aimed at securing legal, sustainable, traceable projects related to shark-like ray species, including international trade, and encourages stronger sawfish, giant guitarfish and wedgefish, because of fisheries regulations across the globe.
    [Show full text]
  • The Influence of Environmental Variables on the Presence of White
    The Influence of Environmental Variables on the Presence of White Sharks, Carcharodon carcharias at Two Popular Cape Town Bathing Beaches: A Generalized Additive Mixed Model Kay Weltz1*, Alison A. Kock1,2, Henning Winker1, Colin Attwood1, Monwabisi Sikweyiya2 1 Marine Research Institute and Zoology Department, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa, 2 Shark Spotters, Fish Hoek, Cape Town, South Africa Abstract Shark attacks on humans are high profile events which can significantly influence policies related to the coastal zone. A shark warning system in South Africa, Shark Spotters, recorded 378 white shark (Carcharodon carcharias) sightings at two popular beaches, Fish Hoek and Muizenberg, during 3690 six-hour long spotting shifts, during the months September to May 2006 to 2011. The probabilities of shark sightings were related to environmental variables using Binomial Generalized Additive Mixed Models (GAMMs). Sea surface temperature was significant, with the probability of shark sightings increasing rapidly as SST exceeded 14uC and approached a maximum at 18uC, whereafter it remains high. An 8 times (Muizenberg) and 5 times (Fish Hoek) greater likelihood of sighting a shark was predicted at 18uC than at 14uC. Lunar phase was also significant with a prediction of 1.5 times (Muizenberg) and 4 times (Fish Hoek) greater likelihood of a shark sighting at new moon than at full moon. At Fish Hoek, the probability of sighting a shark was 1.6 times higher during the afternoon shift compared to the morning shift, but no diel effect was found at Muizenberg. A significant increase in the number of shark sightings was identified over the last three years, highlighting the need for ongoing research into shark attack mitigation.
    [Show full text]
  • Spatial Dynamics and Expanded Vertical Niche of Blue Sharks in Oceanographic Fronts Reveal Habitat Targets for Conservation
    Spatial Dynamics and Expanded Vertical Niche of Blue Sharks in Oceanographic Fronts Reveal Habitat Targets for Conservation Nuno Queiroz1,2, Nicolas E. Humphries1,4, Leslie R. Noble3, Anto´ nio M. Santos2, David W. Sims1,5,6* 1 Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth, United Kingdom, 2 CIBIO – U.P., Centro de Investigac¸a˜o em Biodiversidade e Recursos Gene´ticos, Campus Agra´rio de Vaira˜o, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, Vaira˜o, Portugal, 3 School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom, 4 School of Marine Science and Engineering, Marine Institute, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, United Kingdom, 5 Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton, Waterfront Campus, Southampton, United Kingdom, 6 Centre for Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Highfield Campus, Southampton, United Kingdom Abstract Dramatic population declines among species of pelagic shark as a result of overfishing have been reported, with some species now at a fraction of their historical biomass. Advanced telemetry techniques enable tracking of spatial dynamics and behaviour, providing fundamental information on habitat preferences of threatened species to aid conservation. We tracked movements of the highest pelagic fisheries by-catch species, the blue shark Prionace glauca, in the North-east Atlantic using pop-off satellite-linked archival tags to determine the degree of space use linked to habitat and to examine vertical niche. Overall, blue sharks moved south-west of tagging sites (English Channel; southern Portugal), exhibiting pronounced site fidelity correlated with localized productive frontal areas, with estimated space-use patterns being significantly different from that of random walks.
    [Show full text]
  • SOSF 2020 Annual Report
    SAVE OUR SEAS FOUNDATION ANNUAL REPORT 2020 SAVE OUR SEAS FOUNDATION ANNUAL REPORT 2020 “AS LONG AS THERE ARE PEOPLE WHO CARE AND TAKE ACTION, WE CAN AND WILL MAKE A DIFFERENCE.” THE FOUNDER | SAVE OUR SEAS FOUNDATION An oceanic manta ray in the Revil- lagigedo Archipelago National Park, Mexico. CONTENTS 02 FOUNDER’S STATEMENT 07 CEO’S FOREWORD 12 17 YEARS OF THE SAVE OUR SEAS FOUNDATION 14 WHERE WE WORK 16 OUR CENTRES 18 D’Arros Research Centre 24 Shark Education Centre 36 Shark Research Center 46 OUR PARTNERS 48 Bimini Biological Field Station Foundation 58 The Manta Trust 68 Shark Spotters 78 The North Coast Cetacean Society 88 The Acoustic Tracking Array Platform 98 PROJECT LEADERS 100 Small grant projects 110 Keystone projects | Continuation 118 Keystone projects | New 122 COMMUNICATION PROJECTS 132 OUR TEAM 140 FUNDING SUMMARY 140 Centres, partners and sponsorships 141 Index A: all projects funded in 2020 in alphabetical order 142 Index B: all projects funded in 2020 by type 144 Credits A group of whitetip reef sharks resting together on a ledge. CEO’S FOREWORD This year has not been the one any of us expected. As I write to reflect on 2020 amidst another lockdown, it is very hard to imagine a time before the current pandemic brought the world to a standstill. It has been a difficult period, with unparalleled loss for many. But there is hope. Vaccines are rolling out and we continue to adapt. Humanity is resourceful, and it has been humbling to witness the tremendous goodwill and sense of community as people work together to make this better.
    [Show full text]
  • Science for Sustainable Marine Bioresources
    SCIENCE FOR SUSTAINABLE MARINE BIORESOURCES A report for the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), the Department of Environment, Fisheries and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) and the Scottish Executive for Environment and Rural Affairs (SEERAD) Manuel Barange GLOBEC International Project Office Plymouth Marine Laboratory Prospect Place, Plymouth PL1 3DH [email protected] May 2005 RE-FORMATTED VERSION, APPENDICES ONLY For referencing, use version with original page-numbering at: http://www.nerc.ac.uk/research/emergingops/bioresources/documents/scoping_study_final_report.pdf APPENDIX 1: Terms of reference of the scoping study Purpose: To carry out a scoping study to identify the new areas of fundamental underpinning science, and possible modes of implementation/partnerships, required to achieve a step-change improvement in the sustainable ecosystem-based management of marine bioresources. Deliverables: A written ~10,000-word report (excluding annexes) to: 1. Provide a brief overview of the science that is being done by the UK into understanding the sustainable use and ecosystem based management of marine bioresources (focusing on fish and shellfish stocks), and an indication of how the various sectors work together to link science and policy. 2. Describe the current and likely future issues in marine bioresource sustainability in UK and European shelf/slope and estuarine waters, and identify key new areas of underpinning science required to address them, drawing on experiences and relevant science from the Southern Ocean and developing-country waters, as appropriate. 3. Explore the relevance of, and potential for, involvement of the social and economic science sectors and to present an informed view as to: a. The key science areas and players in the social and economic sciences that would be relevant to this study area.
    [Show full text]
  • Coral Reefs, Climate Change and Resilience an Agenda for Action from the IUCN World Conservation Congress in Barcelona, Spain David Obura & Gabriel Grimsditch
    Coral Reefs, Climate Change and Resilience An Agenda for Action from the IUCN World Conservation Congress in Barcelona, Spain David Obura & Gabriel Grimsditch IUCN RESILIENCE SCIENCE WORKING GROUP PAPER SERIES - NO 6 IUCN Global Marine Programme Founded in 1958, IUCN (the International Union for the Conservation of Nature) brings together states, government agencies and a diverse range of non-governmental organizations in a unique world partnership: over 100 members in all spread across some 140 countries. As a Union, IUCN seeks to influence, encourage and assist societies throughout the world to conserve the integrity and diversity of nature and to ensure that any use of natural resources is equitable and ecologically sustainable. The IUCN Global Marine Programme provides vital linkages for the Union and its members to all the IUCN activities that deal with marine issues, including projects and initiatives of the Regional offices and the six IUCN Commissions. The IUCN Global Marine Programme works on issues such as integrate coastal and marine management, fisheries, marine protected areas, large marine ecosystems, coral reefs, marine invasives and protection of high and deep seas. Acknowledgements The workshops and publication of this document were made possible by a grant from the John D and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation to the IUCN Climate Change and Coral Reefs working group. Editors David Obura Director, CORDIO East Africa/Chair, IUCN Climate Change and Coral Reefs working group Gabriel Grimsditch IUCN Global Marine Programme/Climate Change and Coral Reefs working group Contributors Tundi Agardy Director, Marine Ecosystems and Management (MEAM) Kent Carpenter Director, Global Marine Species Assessment.
    [Show full text]
  • Transatlantic Migration and Deep Mid-Ocean Diving by Basking Shark
    Biol. Lett. 2. MATERIAL AND METHODS doi:10.1098/rsbl.2008.0147 Two basking sharks were tagged with MK10 pop-up archival Published online transmitting (PAT) tags (Wildlife Computers, Redmond, USA) off the southwest Isle of Man, under licence from the Department Marine biology of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry (DAFF), Isle of Man. Each tag was attached via a short nylon leader to a dart at the base of the dorsal fin, and was able to measure water temperature from K40 to 608C(G0.058C) and depth to more than 1500 m (0–1000G Transatlantic migration and 0.05 m, 1000–1500G0.1 m), as well as light levels (as irradiance in WcmK2 at 550 nm wavelength). Data were recorded as frequency deep mid-ocean diving by histograms in 12 hour time periods to provide day and night series within the UTM time zone, stored in 14 linear bins ranging from less basking shark than 1 to more than 1000 m in depth and from 1–38C to greater than 158C in temperature. A depth protection device was fitted to the Mauvis A. Gore1,2,*, David Rowat1,3, Jackie Hall4, tether that would release the tag at depths in excess of 1800 m. The 5 2,6 length of the sharks was measured against the markers established on Fiona R. Gell and Rupert F. Ormond the boat when alongside the shark for tagging. 1University Marine Biological Station, Millport, Isle of Cumbrae Following tag detachment from the shark (set for 100 days), data KA28 0EG, UK were transmitted to Argos receivers on NOAA satellites.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Report 2015 Table of Contents
    ANNUAL REPORT 2015 TABLE OF CONTENTS SEE 2 LETTER FROM THE DIRECTOR WHAT’S 4 HIGHLIGHTS INSIDE 6 PUBLICATIONS 8 BY THE NUMBERS 9 IN THE FIELD 11 RESEARCH 16 INSIDE SRC his document is a report summarizing Tthe achievements and progress of the 18 SRC ALUMNI University of Miami’s Shark Research and Conservation Program (SRC) in 2015. 20 SCIENCE 23 EDUCATION 24 OUTREACH 26 SPECIAL GUESTS 27 SUPPORT SRC is a joint initiative of the Rosenstiel School of Marine & Atmospheric Science (RSMAS) and the Leonard and Jayne Abess Center for Ecosystem Science and Policy (CESP) at the University of REDITS Miami. 31 C 2 11 LETTER FROM THE DIRECTOR Dear SRC Friends, Colleagues and Supporters, The mission of the University of Miami’s Shark Research and Conservation Program (SRC) is to advance ocean conservation and scientific literacy by conducting cutting edge scientific This past year was one of our most successful to date. We research and providing innovative and meaningful outreach opportunities for students through continued our shark research surveys in Miami, Palm Beach, exhilarating hands-on research and virtual learning experiences in marine biology. Focusing South Africa and the Bahamas. During 61 days of sampling primarily on the study and conservation of sharks, the Program’s full-immersion approach allows in Miami, we captured, sampled, and tagged 323 sharks students to actively grow as future scientists. of 12 different species! We also started new shark research projects in Japan, the Galapagos, and Brazil. Our Rescue A Reef program also achieved great things – 8 expeditions, in which 77 citizen scientists out-planted 421 corals, creating 147 meters of new coral reef off Miami.
    [Show full text]
  • Social Network Analysis of Partner Preference in Lemon Sharks
    Coastal Carolina University CCU Digital Commons Electronic Theses and Dissertations College of Graduate Studies and Research 5-15-2015 Social Network Analysis of Partner Preference in Lemon Sharks, Negaprion brevirostris, During the Introduction of Unfamiliars to Familiar Groups Bryan Keller Coastal Carolina University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.coastal.edu/etd Part of the Behavior and Ethology Commons Recommended Citation Keller, Bryan, "Social Network Analysis of Partner Preference in Lemon Sharks, Negaprion brevirostris, During the Introduction of Unfamiliars to Familiar Groups" (2015). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 27. https://digitalcommons.coastal.edu/etd/27 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the College of Graduate Studies and Research at CCU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of CCU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Social Network Analysis of Partner Preference in Lemon Sharks, Negaprion brevirostris, During the Introduction of Unfamiliars to Familiar Groups May 2015 This thesis is available for library use on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. I certify that all material in this thesis which is not my own work has been identified and that no material has been previously submitted and approved for the award of a degree by this or any other University. Signature: Committee members: __________ ____________ Daniel Abel Richard Viso _______________ ____________ Tristan Guttridge Sharon Gilman ii Acknowledgements I would like to specifically thank my co-authors for their assistance throughout the entire project.
    [Show full text]