DOCSLIB.ORG

Authigenic Analcite in the Golden Valley Formation Southwestern North Dakota Marvin J

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Authigenic Analcite in the Golden Valley Formation Southwestern North Dakota Marvin J University of North Dakota UND Scholarly Commons Theses and Dissertations Theses, Dissertations, and Senior Projects 1970 Authigenic analcite in the Golden Valley Formation southwestern North Dakota Marvin J. Furman University of North Dakota Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.und.edu/theses Part of the Geology Commons Recommended Citation Furman, Marvin J., "Authigenic analcite in the Golden Valley Formation southwestern North Dakota" (1970). Theses and Dissertations. 103. https://commons.und.edu/theses/103 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, and Senior Projects at UND Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of UND Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Authentic Analcite in the Golden Valley Formation (?), SouthWestern North Dakota by Marvin J. Furman Bachelor of Science, St. Lawrence University 1965 A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the University of North Dakota in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Grand Forks, North Dakota July 1970 /~ \ ..,;,, .. ..:. .. _. .,· ,,,,:;, / I I t ·-----·- t ,-~~·__: ............. ;.... "":."' b ..:;.:::.:,o~ I•, -·.- .. ~ ... ,., ' . -.JV·-'"'.••- I:.Ao.m. t!"'.. e ·u:;::vcrsity v:: gree that the Libr-.'.l.ry of this University shall m::::.:{o it f1~00:y available i'"ol,... ir:.spoct,ion. I further agreo th~t permission for 0xtensiv8 cor,yi~g in r-.is ~bso:-.. ce )' by tho of the Dcp::..rtmcnt or othc:..,, Ol~ tt.a.s or It is c2..lso . · given to rri.e the University of :.:.:r.y schol~~ly uze which m.ay c~ of a.,y material The field Tho writer is ir.debted to his fellow g:i.~aduatc st"..l.d0r:.ts whc acted. as a sounding board for many of the ideas eh-pressed hero .. Spccia.1 th~:1.}:s are extended to W. J. ·stone for the use of his samples and to H. C. Ziebarth for his inv.11.uable assistance and suggestions on photogr~phic . :rep;r-od:uct ion .. .:, I l iv 1 ·~ .i~:..DL~~ c_~ '""' -·~·~~·~.~~~"\ s ?::..;:/3 .li.CKl\O~·~·LWGl·:Z\J?S . • . .. • .. .. .:;_ ',/ LIST 01~ TABL:SS 0 . .. .. • . .. .. .. .. .. .. " . vii 7" -ell" ;..;..LvJ. OF ILLUSTRP.TI Ol'JS . • • . .. .. • . • . .. • • • . viii :_r-~~ ..'.BS '.:'.R.ACT . • • .. .. • . • • • . 0 • . • . • . .. ~ INTRODUCTION • . • • . .. " . .. • . • . .!. Modes of Cccurrcnce of P.,:,-.alcits • .. • .. • • l Scope ar.d Pc.r-_pose of Study • • • • • • • • . 2 Previous Investigations • . • . • . • .. • . J Description o.f Study Area • . .. • . .. • • • . 3 METHODS Ob, INVESTIGATIONS • • • .. .. .. • . • .. • . 7 Sarnplir,3 .. .. " • . .. • • " .. .. .. • .. • • ? .Analyti::::::.l Procedures .. • .. • .. " . • .. .. • .. • • • 7 G;:;::.G :.'\?.l ~ 0 Q .. • " .. .. .. • .. .. .. 7 ?ct:..... ~;~:.*"r.. :~hic PrGpara. tio:c. • • .. • . • • . 8 ..... ::-·o g:...'\s.:Jhic a:.11d C·;,tic~l ~:c:.::.suramen ts • . 8 Q 8 X-?..~}" Diff~'\action )11talysis .. " . • . P-t'occdures for X-R2.y Diff:i.'"'actio:'1 }_YJ.a.lysis . • .. g . .. .. • .. .. .8 Precision and Accuracy of "SGrni- Q.1antit.ative X-Ray Diffraction ll .c:.r-.tlysis .. • .. • • .. .. • . • .. " • • . .. D::;·:,,:;~... rninatio~ of Ana.lcite Corrrposition .. .. • • 13 Clu)'" l"line~tl Analysis • • • . • .. • .. • .. • 15 j c:. G~~i:1. Size ,Analysis . .. .. • • . .. .. • . -.-1 STPJ~'I:IGl'::ii.J;...-;;~.i 0 0 l? • .. • " . • .. " • • .. • . .. • .. • G0nartl Discussion .. .. ~ " • .. .. .. .. .. • .. .. l? fuscz-i i:;~~i.:>i'lS oi' Formatic~s E:;cposed :L."l the A;:0;;.. o:f .A.nalcite-ba~~ing Sedimenta:.:-y Rock::, .. • .. l'? 'I·c:... ~"::..G Rivel"' :£i'ormatio11 .. • .. .. .. • .. .. • • . .. f $ S.:/.~.-::i:-1el. Fo:c-m.:ition 0 Butte . .. • • . • • 19 ~ " ...-,r- C,.::;~::.,:;n Valley F o~rr.. c. ti en .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ~v l.t . " • " ~' .:;-__ .. d:."'on Formation .. • .. .. • . .. 2.2. 3:.~ulo 2-::· Fom.ation .. .. .. " . ...\: .. il{aree Formation . .. • • . • 22 Stl.~c;.tic~:r~~phic and Litholc;c;ic Distrioutic.n o:f .An:.:..lcito .. • .. • • . .. • • . • . • . V c,,.,,.....,,..... ~ ............ , ?.) ................. ..,i..;. ....... Dizctt!i~ion . iL~n.lc:i.tc ~~ ·c.ho Sontinol B:~:.to Itc:c-:r:.::.:tion . ?.h I !.J.1alcitc in +·...,ne Golden V::..lloy Forr.-1~t:l.on . 2L;.. I ,.'i; ? BT!\OGR.J\.P h"'Y o·'.t' ANA:CITE-BEJ._q=:; G RCCKS • . 29 j: !1inern.ls .. .. • . .. • • • "' .. .. .. 29 Quar-;;.z . .. • . .. .. .. .. • 29 Feldspar .. .. .. g .. .. .. • .. • . 2.9 Chert . • .. .. • .. • • " . 32 1~1~lcitc .. • .. • . • . • • • • . • • 32 ,:,f,:.., Cl.:1~r l"1inoral~ .. .. .. • • . .,, j • l!. ', j~ Rock TIJr,os • . • • . • . • . • ,J ( • • • ~ .Arkoso . • • . • • . .. 43 ][ lmalcimolite • . • • . • . • • • • 53 DISCUSSION . • • . • . • • • . • • • . • • 64 J:,Iineral Associations • • .. • . • . • • . • . • . 6l~ ll Analcite-Pyroclastic Association • • • • . • • . 64 I .Analcite-Quarlz Association . .. .. .. • • . 66 lu~alcite-Feldsp~~ Association • . • • . • 66 Analcite-Sericitc Association .. • . 79 . I 80 Fok~mn.tion of Sphcrulites • • .. .. • • • .;'ii Ii Relationship of L-rialcite Occurrences i·r... t!"'.. e . A11' Arkose and Analcimolite • • . • • • • .. 82 ~1nr1 Relation snip of .balcita Pistributiori to the 85 Post-Eocene Unco:nf ormity • . .. • " • .. • • • • r ! l SC/.:Y.i".:"li.Y OF CONCLUSIONS .. .. .. 86 j .. • • • • • • . • • . • • • \ .li.l~P~"\JDIX . • . .. .. • .. .. • . • . • • • • • • • • • • 88 B?ERE:i.'JCES 0 103 . • .. " • • . • .. .. • • • • • • • • • • • . • Ii, 1,t1i : ,:ti:1 ·1111 'ii ,1 '.,r•·I 1·:1:J:1 ·.1U:I 'f;li'li' (111111 1111!1 ,1111111 _1 1m11 vi LIST OF T.A3LEs Table Page 1 Vru.uos Used for the Calcula-::.ion o:f N"cd.'.?.l Compositions • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • 11 2 Standard Deviations of the Weight Fractions of: Minor.:ils Obtained by Direct Scrd.-Quar.ti­ tati ve X-Ray tiffraction .!L"l.:i.lysis • • • • • . lJ J I'linimum level o:f Detoct. ...1.bili ty of' Y1inor.:1ls by Semi-Quantitative X-Ray Diff~action .Analysis • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . 14 4 Goneral.izcd Section of Formations Exposeq in the Arca ot· A:.-'lalcite-boa:ring Sedimentary Rocks in Southwestern North Dakota ••••• • • • • • • 18 5 Minerals Identified in Samples Taken in Reconnaissance Study •••••••••• /' • • • • • • • • 25. ·O X-Ray Dii'.fraction Powder: Data for ..A.na.lcite • • • • • • • 41 7 Cox.position of J.na.lci te • ·• • • • • • • • • • • • • • . 42 8 Grc.in-Size Data for Analcite-bearing .!h~kcse •• '>•••••9•o••••• " .. 9 l'icda.l Comyosi tion of L"la.lci te-beari..ng .Rocks on S(mtinel Butte • • • • • • • • . 59 .. 10 lfod.al Co:npcsition of .l\..i-:talcite-bearing Rocks en Flat Top Butte.·· ••••••••••• • •• 61 11 Modal Composition of 1:...'1alcita-bea:i:-ing Rocks on Bullion Butte .. • · • • • • .. • • • • • • • • • • 12 :Kodal Corc:oosi tion of }:n.alcite-be~ring Rocks c::i Slide and Cru:i.JJ~J Buttes • • • • • • • • • • •.• 63 13 Confider.ca Levels at which the Hypothesis 'x;,::::0 :.! X,.;::;.,can be Accepted. a.s Significant • • • • 0 • • • 71 J.::-eal. Locations :...'1d Stratig-~aphic Positions of Specimens Cited i."1 'i'axt • • • • • 0 • .. • . .. 89 vii ,. C, :tcfcror.. cu }X..::i • z cr~:i..:... .. .. ., . 4 .A.il~lcit0 Si)i'.to:'"""~litc wi~h ;5 R.:.::.di.:µ. St~~ct~~0 • • . Analcitc Sphorulite with .:.. lVia.ssive )5 5 Center .::ind Peripheral Radial Sti:"Uc~ure •••• 6 Distorted, Coalesced, ~~~alcite • .. .. • • • • • " • • • • Coarso-Grained IJ.litic Katrix 7 • • • • • 37 (Sericite) .... • • .. • .. • • • 8 SG~icite L~clusions in J.nalcite .40 .. .. • .. • .. Sphe!"Ulite • • • • • ... " .. • • C;; }fodtl Co.:nposi tion of A."l.alci te- 45 bearing 1.rkose ••• o. v o ••••• • • • ~ ,... Y.d.ne~alogic Classification of .J.U .. • .. • • 48 }.nalcite-bearing Arkose • ~ • • " • • • • G~ain-Size Distribution of .P..nalcite-beari.."lg Al."'kose " .................. • • 52 Coa1.,se Sc~icite Fl~kes Or·i.ented Ta:.~gantial to the Periphe~"Y o~ 55 Sphe!'Ulites. • .. • • • It • • o • .. • • • • • • • • • a • .. 55 Texture of Analcimolite • • • • • • • • .. • .. • 58 Modal Composition of :..nalcimolite • • • • • ,.. _ l5 Classification of Analcite Based O) 0 • .. .. • on Composition ...... C •••• • ... • • • - ., ...LO Sc.s.tt'er- Dia.gra."ll of Analcite­ 68 Dat:.~it.ll Plagicclase .. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Scat.tar Diagram of J... "1.alcite­ 70 Datrital. Potassium Feldspar • • • • • • • • viii -· ,.., •' . ..... _..., .... _._...,, .. r- .• ~. 19 VA 77 20 Cc:rr:::,a:.."'":~o~r: of .: ¥--~:1 rs:: o:: ...:..:.1tlci~::.o i:: ~·...:.:~:_ci:.:c:...::..!..:.~ ,., ,.,..r,.., ,., ·,.- ,- w,,-,,,.. ~,,.,,. ~ t-..Jv,....,.v .J' .,,.. ..__ ' ... ,,,, .-... ,.,_., ...J,.-.vv1/'..,., ....... ," .,..,_n,,.-,y,"- Tb.e ~~lei "~o ., ..................... v ' . r,:--,·,..._ .,-:\ occ.:. .............. cc~~rs as spherulitos i:r: the interstic0s cf ..~: .. 0 ~:.~!{osG ~:':.Q £.:.S lJ. cc:r.:cn.t :'.L.:"i the c-r,.. ~-..-­ Three types of sptcr~litos a~e recog~iz0~: (:.) - J,.. .. 1!,,; _ _ uli~es with an internal radial str-~cture; (2) sptc~~lite~ with a ~.as- si.ve center a.-rid a peripheral radial st::c-u.cture; c:,.;r.d (3) spherulites an i:.ternal ht:vi:-.g OCC'i.1::.-' ir.d:. v:..c:c...::..:.iy K-feldspa~, and i:.lite~ arkose ur.it ,.#0 ...:.:t.::~io~-.:. feldspa~... s. It ·oronos.ad that &nalcite ;. ... b }.:'1~lci te ::.~ cl.:1ssified chemistry~ .:::.nd tics ,;.iith the foldspathoids (Deer, 1963). .'..J"a~:cite is gene~ally expressed as varLJ.tions in composition, in which potassium substitutes for sodiu...'11,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • South Dakota to Nebraska
    Geological Society of America Special Paper 325 1998 Lithostratigraphic revision and correlation of the lower part of the White River Group: South Dakota to Nebraska Dennis O. Terry, Jr. Department of Geology, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0340 ABSTRACT Lithologic correlations between type areas of the White River Group in Nebraska and South Dakota have resulted in a revised lithostratigraphy for the lower part of the White River Group. The following pedostratigraphic and lithostratigraphic units, from oldest to youngest, are newly recognized in northwestern Nebraska and can be correlated with units in the Big Badlands of South Dakota: the Yellow Mounds Pale- osol Equivalent, Interior and Weta Paleosol Equivalents, Chamberlain Pass Forma- tion, and Peanut Peak Member of the Chadron Formation. The term “Interior Paleosol Complex,” used for the brightly colored zone at the base of the White River Group in northwestern Nebraska, is abandoned in favor of a two-part division. The lower part is related to the Yellow Mounds Paleosol Series of South Dakota and rep- resents the pedogenically modified Cretaceous Pierre Shale. The upper part is com- posed of the unconformably overlying, pedogenically modified overbank mudstone facies of the Chamberlain Pass Formation (which contains the Interior and Weta Paleosol Series in South Dakota). Greenish-white channel sandstones at the base of the Chadron Formation in Nebraska (previously correlated to the Ahearn Member of the Chadron Formation in South Dakota) herein are correlated to the channel sand- stone facies of the Chamberlain Pass Formation in South Dakota. The Chamberlain Pass Formation is unconformably overlain by the Chadron Formation in South Dakota and Nebraska.
    [Show full text]
  • Petrology of Sandstones from the Bullion Creek and Sentinel Butte Formations (Paleocene), Little Missouri Badlands, North Dakota Mark A
    University of North Dakota UND Scholarly Commons Theses and Dissertations Theses, Dissertations, and Senior Projects 1978 Petrology of sandstones from the Bullion Creek and Sentinel Butte Formations (Paleocene), Little Missouri Badlands, North Dakota Mark A. Steiner University of North Dakota Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.und.edu/theses Part of the Geology Commons Recommended Citation Steiner, Mark A., "Petrology of sandstones from the Bullion Creek and Sentinel Butte Formations (Paleocene), Little iM ssouri Badlands, North Dakota" (1978). Theses and Dissertations. 286. https://commons.und.edu/theses/286 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, and Senior Projects at UND Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of UND Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. PETROLOGY OF SANDSTONES FROM THE BULLION CREEK AND SENTINEL BUTTE FORNATIONS (PALEOCENE), LITTLE MISSOURI BADLANDS, NORTH DAKOTA by Mark A. Steiner Bachelor of Arts, College of St. Thomas, 1972 A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the University of North Dakota in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Grand Forks, North Dakota December 1978 This thesis submitted by Mark A. Steiner in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts from the University of North Dakota is hereby approved by the Faculty Advisory Committee under whom the work has been done. (Chairman) .// ' (r~· _j {~µ..~ Dean of the Graduate School 11 Permission PETROLOGY OF SANDSTONES FROM THE BULLION CREEK AND SENTINEL BUTTE FORMATIONS (PALEOCENE), Title------------'-'--=----~------------------- LITTLE MISSOURI BADLANDS, NORTH DAKOTA In presenting this thesis in partial fulfillment of the require­ ments for a graduate degree from the University of North Dakota, I agree that the Library of this University shall make it freely avail­ able for inspection.
    [Show full text]
  • Status of Mineral Resource Information for the Fort Berthold Indian Reservation, North Dakota
    STATUS OF MINERAL RESOURCE INFORMATION FOR THE FORT BERTHOLD INDIAN RESERVATION, NORTH DAKOTA By Bradford B. Williams Mary E. Bluemle U.S. Bureau of Mines N. Dak. Geological Survey Administrative report BIA-40 1978 CONTENTS SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS ................................................. 1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................ 1 Area Location and Access .................................................... 1 Past Investigations .......................................................... 2 Present Study and Acknowledgments ........................................... 2 Land Status................................................................ 2 Physiography .............................................................. 3 GEOLOGY ..................................................................... 4 Stratigraphy ............................................................... 4 Subsurface .......................................................... 4 Surface ............................................................. 4 General ....................................................... 4 Bullion Creek and Sentinel Butte Formations ......................... 8 Golden Valley Formation......................................... 9 Cole Harbor Formation .......................................... 9 Structure................................................................. 10 MINERAL RESOURCES ......................................................... 11 General .................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Basin-Margin Depositional Environments of the Fort Union and Wasatch Formations in the Buffalo-Lake De Smet Area, Johnson County, Wyoming
    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Basin-Margin Depositional Environments of the Fort Union and Wasatch Formations in the Buffalo-Lake De Smet area, Johnson County, Wyoming By Stanley L. Obernyer Open-File Report 79-712 1979 Contents Page Abstract 1 Introduction 5 Methods of investigation 8 Previ ous work - 9 General geol ogy 10 Acknowledgments 16 Descriptive stratigraphy of the Fort Union and Wasatch Formations 18 Fort Union Formation- 18 Lower member 20 Conglomerate member 21 Wasatch Formation 30 Kingsbury Conglomerate Member 32 Moncrief Member 38 Coal-bearing strata Wasatch Formation 45 Conglomeratic sandstone sequence 46 The Lake De Smet coal bed 53 Very fine to medium-grained sandstone sequence 69 Fossil marker beds 78 Environments of Deposition 79 General 79 Alluvial fan environment 82 Braided stream environments 86 Alluvial valley environments 89 Tectonics and Sedimentation 92 Conglomerates and tectonics- 92 Coals and tectonics 98 Conclusions 108 References 111 11 ILLUSTRATIONS Plates Plate 1. Bedrock geologic map of the Buffalo-Lake De Smet area, Johnson County, Wyoming In pocket 2. Geologic cross sections along the Bighorn Mountain Front, Buffalo-Lake De Smet area, Johnson County, Wyoming In pocket FIGURES Page Figure 1. Location map sh wing the major structural units surround­ ing the Powder River Basin, Wyoming and Montana 7 2. Composite geologic section of the rocks exposed in in the Buffalo-Lake De Smet area- 11 3. Generalized geologic map of the Powder River Basin 12 4. Isopach map of the Fort Union and Wasatch Formations, Powder River Basin, from Curry (1971) 14 5. Generalized stratigraphic column of the conglomerate sequences 19 6.
    [Show full text]
  • Theodore Roosevelt National Park Geologic Resource Evaluation Report
    National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Program Center Theodore Roosevelt National Park Geologic Resource Evaluation Report Natural Resource Report NPS/NRPC/GRD/NRR—2007/006 THIS PAGE: The Little Missouri River flows near the Juniper Campground in the North Unit of Theodore Roosevelt NP, ND. ON THE COVER: View from the Oxbow Overlook Theodore Roosevelt NP, ND. Photos by: Dave Krueger Theodore Roosevelt National Park Geologic Resource Evaluation Report Natural Resource Report NPS/WASO/NRPC/GRD—2007/006 Geologic Resources Division Natural Resource Program Center P.O. Box 25287 Lakewood, Colorado 80225 June 2007 U.S. Department of the Interior Washington, D.C. The Natural Resource Publication series addresses natural resource topics that are of interest and applicability to a broad readership in the National Park Service and to others in the management of natural resources, including the scientific community, the public, and the NPS conservation and environmental constituencies. Manuscripts are peer- reviewed to ensure that the information is scientifically credible, technically accurate, appropriately written for the intended audience, and is designed and published in a professional manner. Natural Resource Reports are the designated medium for disseminating high priority, current natural resource management information with managerial application. The series targets a general, diverse audience, and may contain NPS policy considerations or address sensitive issues of management applicability. Examples of the diverse array of reports published in this series include vital signs monitoring plans; "how to" resource management papers; proceedings of resource management workshops or conferences; annual reports of resource programs or divisions of the Natural Resource Program Center; resource action plans; fact sheets; and regularly- published newsletters.
    [Show full text]
  • Geologica Acta, Vol.4, N°4, 2006, 409-438 |415| Ce
    'geológica FOmS^Y ACTA GEOLÓGICA HISPAfilCA Geológica acta: an international earth science journal Universidad de Barcelona [email protected] ISSN (Versión impresa): 1695-6133 ESPAÑA 2006 C.C. Labandeira THE FOUR PHASES OF PLANT-ARTHROPOD ASSOCIATIONS IN DEEP TIME Geológica acta: an international earth science journal, december, año/vol. 4, número 004 Universidad de Barcelona Barcelona, España pp. 409-438 Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina y el Caribe, España y Portugal ®re¿!alyc^ Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México http://redalyc.uaemex.mx Geológica Acta, Vol.4, N° 4, 2006, 409-438 Appendix l-IX geología acta Available online at www.geologica-acta.com The Four Phases of Plant-Arthropod Associations in Deep Time C.C. LABANDEIRA |1||2| 111 Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History P.O. Box 37012, MRC-121 Department of Paleobiology, Washington, D.C., USA 200137012. E-mail: [email protected] 121 University of Maryland, Department of Entomology College Park, Maryland, USA 20742 1 ABSTRACT I Vascular-plant hosts, their arthropod herbivores, and associated functional feeding groups are distributed spa- tiotemporally into four major herbivore expansions during the past 420 m.y. They are: (1) a Late Silurian to Late Devonian (60 m.y.) phase of myriapod and apterygote, hexapod (perhaps pterygote) herbivores on several clades of primitive vascular-plant hosts and a prototaxalean fungus; (2) a Late Mississippian to end-Permian (85 m.y.) phase of mites and apterygote and basal pterygote herbivores on pteridophyte and basal gymnospermous plant hosts; (3) a Middle Triassic to Recent (245 m.y.) phase of mites, orthopteroids (in the broadest sense) and hemipteroid and basal holometabolan herbivores on pteridophyte and gymnospermous plant hosts; and (4) a mid Early Cretaceous to Recent (115 m.y.) phase of modern-aspect orthopteroids and derived hemipteroid and holometabolous herbivores on angiospermous plant hosts.
    [Show full text]
  • Eocene Vertebrates, Coprolites, and Plants in the Golden Valley Formation of Western North Dakota
    GLENN L. JEPSEN Dept. Geology, Princeton University, Princeton, N. J. Eocene Vertebrates, Coprolites, and Plants in the Golden Valley Formation of Western North Dakota Abstract: An early Eocene date for the origin of this early Tertiary biofacies indicate warm, humid, the Golden Valley Formation in North Dakota is swampy lowlands with subtropical forests bordering confirmed by the discovery of fossil fish, amphib- sluggish streams. Montmorillonite in the formation ians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Riparian and may represent ash from volcanoes to the west. aquatic animals and plants that were associated in CONTENTS Introduction 673 References cited 683 Acknowledgments 673 Salvinia preauriculata as an index fossil. 675 Figure Age of the Kingsbury Conglomerate. 676 1. Distribution of the Golden Valley Formation Naming of the Golden Valley Formation. 677 in part of Stark County, North Dakota . 674 Fossils of the Golden Valley Formation . 678 Vertebrates 678 Plate Facing Coprolites 680 1. Rocks and fossils of the Golden Valley Forma- Plants 681 tion, Stark County, North Dakota .... 676 "Hard Siliceous" layer 681 2. Vertebrate Coprolites from the Golden Valley Conclusions 682 Formation, Stark County, North Dakota . 677 faculty members and students from universities INTRODUCTION and other schools in Colorado, Connecticut, Recent discoveries of many fossil vertebrates Massachusetts, Montana, New Hampshire, in Stark County, western North Dakota, New Jersey, New York, North Dakota, Ohio, validate an early Eocene (Sparnacian, Wasatch- and South Dakota participated in a program of ian) age for the Golden Valley Formation prospecting for fossils and quarrying in the and extend the known geographic distribution Golden Valley beds on the margins of the of North American, early Eocene land- Little Badlands synclinal basin area southwest vertebrate faunas several hundred miles east- of Dickinson, North Dakota, in the Heart ward.
    [Show full text]
  • The Stratigraphy and Sedimentology of the Sentinel Butte Formation (Paleocene) in South-Central Williams County, North Dakota
    University of North Dakota UND Scholarly Commons Theses and Dissertations Theses, Dissertations, and Senior Projects 1992 The trs atigraphy and sedimentology of the Sentinel Butte Formation (Paleocene) in south-central Williams County, North Dakota Wesley D. Peck University of North Dakota Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.und.edu/theses Part of the Geology Commons Recommended Citation Peck, Wesley D., "The trs atigraphy and sedimentology of the Sentinel Butte Formation (Paleocene) in south-central Williams County, North Dakota" (1992). Theses and Dissertations. 221. https://commons.und.edu/theses/221 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, and Senior Projects at UND Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of UND Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE STRATIGRAPHY AND SEDIMENTOLOGY OF THE SENTINEL BUTTE FORMATION (PALEOCENE) IN SOUTH-CENTRAL WILLIAMS COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA by Wesley D. Peck Bachelor of Science, North Dakota State University, 1987 A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the University of North Dakota in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Grand Forks, North Dakota August 1992 r This thesis, submitted by Wesley D. Peck in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of ·Master of Science from the University of North Dakota, has been read by the Faculty Advisory committee under whom the work has been done and is hereby approved. (Chairperson) This thesis meets the standards for appearance, conforms to the style and format requirements of the Graduate School of the University of North Dakota, and is hereby approved.
    [Show full text]
  • Unclassified Unclassified
    .'C /ts*.r .:_, UNCLASSIFIED TEI-61(Pts. i and GEOLOGY AND MINERALOGY U. S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR RECONNAISSANCE FOR TRACE ELEMENTS IN NORTH DAKOTA AND EASTERN MONTANA PART 1. GEOLOGY AND RADIOACTIVITY PART 2. RESERVES AND SUMMARY By Donald G. Wyant Ernest P. Beroni This report is preliminary and has not been edited or reviewed for conformity with U. S. Geological Survey standards and nomenclature. February i960 .4Geological Survey. Washington, D. C. Prepared by Geological Survey for the UNITED STATES ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION Technical Information Service Extension, Oak Ridge, Tennessee UNCLASSIFIED Date Declassified: March 9, 1956. This report has been reproduced directly from the best available copy. Issuance of this document does not constitute authority for declassification of classified material of the same or similar content and title by the same au­ thors. Printed in USA. Price $1.00. Available from the Office of Technical Services, Department of Commerce, Washington 25, D. C. AEC Technical Information Service Extension Oak Ridge. Tennessee CONTENTS Page PART I—GEOLOGY AND RADIOACTIVITY Abstract ................ 5 Introduction ............... 5 General Geology .............. 6 General Stratigraphy ............. 7 Structure ............... 8 Radioactivity ............... 8 Non-radioactive or slightly radioactive rocks ........ 9 Benton formation ............. 9 Niobrara formation ............. 9 Pierre shale .............. 9 Fox Hills sandstone ............. 10 Hell Creek formation ............ 10 Ludlow formation ............. 10 Cannonball formation ............ 11 Fort Union formation ............ 11 Golden Valley formation ............ 13 White River formation ............ 13 Pleistocene and Recent deposits . .13 Mineral deposits ............. 13 Radioactive rocks .............. 13 Sentinel Butte Member of the Fort Union formation ....... 13 Sentinel Butte area ............. 14 Flat Top Butte area ............. 14 Bullion Butte area ............. 15 H-T-White Buttes area ...........
    [Show full text]
  • Depositional History of the Chadron Formation in North Dakota
    Depositional History of the Chadron Formation in North Dakota by Clint A. Boyd1 and John R. Webster2 1North Dakota Geological Survey 2Geosciences, Minot State University REPORT OF INVESTIGATION NO. 120 NORTH DAKOTA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Edward C. Murphy, State Geologist Lynn D. Helms, Director Dept. of Mineral Resources 2018 Table of Contents Abstract ........................................................................................................................................... v Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................................ vi Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1 Late Eocene Paleosols of North Dakota ......................................................................................... 3 Paleosols at White and Haystack Buttes (Stark County) ............................................................ 4 Description of Section 1 .......................................................................................................... 5 Description of Section 2 .......................................................................................................... 7 History of Paleosol Development ......................................................................................... 13 Interpretation ......................................................................................................................... 16
    [Show full text]
  • Synorogenic Basin Deposits and Associated Laramide Uplifts in the Montana Part of the Cordilleran Foreland Basin System
    SYNOROGENIC BASIN DEPOSITS AND ASSOCIATED LARAMIDE UPLIFTS IN THE MONTANA PART OF THE CORDILLERAN FORELAND BASIN SYSTEM Susan M. Vuke Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology, Butte, Montana ABSTRACT The North American Cordilleran Foreland Basin System extended from the eastern edge of the Cordilleran Sevier fold-thrust belt in western Montana across central and eastern Montana from Jurassic into early Paleo- gene time. In the central and southern Montana part of the system, isolated Laramide basement-cored uplifts and sedimentary basin pairs characterize the main Laramide Province. The thrust/reverse fault-propagated arches and basins of the province developed primarily during Late Cretaceous through earliest Eocene time, although regionally, initiation of uplift may have occurred during Early to middle Cretaceous time in southwest- ern Montana. Associated prominent WNW–ESE- and NE–SW-striking linear features refl ect Laramide reactiva- tion of basement faults that now extend to the surface, or are entirely in the subsurface. They occur throughout the main Laramide Province and are likely genetically related to development of the uplift-basin pairs. The asymmetric Laramide Bighorn and Powder River Basins developed in association with uplift along basin-bounding thrust/reverse faults of the Beartooth and Bighorn basement-cored arches, respectively. Thrust loading associated with uplift along the faults propagated asymmetric synclinal basin folds that accommodated the greatest thicknesses of synorogenic deposits adjacent to the range-bounding faults. In Montana, synorogenic deposits of the Bighorn Basin primarily include the Paleocene Fort Union Formation, and those of the Powder River Basin primarily include the Paleocene Fort Union and Eocene Wasatch Formations.
    [Show full text]
  • Depositional Environments of the Upper Part of the Sentinel Butte Formation, Southeastern Mckenzie County, North Dakota Robert Post Johnson University of North Dakota
    University of North Dakota UND Scholarly Commons Theses and Dissertations Theses, Dissertations, and Senior Projects 1973 Depositional environments of the upper part of the Sentinel Butte Formation, southeastern McKenzie County, North Dakota Robert Post Johnson University of North Dakota Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.und.edu/theses Part of the Geology Commons Recommended Citation Johnson, Robert Post, "Depositional environments of the upper part of the Sentinel Butte Formation, southeastern McKenzie County, North Dakota" (1973). Theses and Dissertations. 150. https://commons.und.edu/theses/150 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, and Senior Projects at UND Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of UND Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. })£POSITIONAL ENVIRONMENTS OF THE UPPER PART OF THE SENTINEL BUTTE F0R1'1ATI0N, SOUTHEASTERN MCKENZIE COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA by lobert Post Johnson Bachelor of Philosophy, University of North Dakota, 1970 A Thes.is Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the University of North Dakota in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Grand Forks, North Dakota May 1973 This thesis submitted by Robert Post Johnson in partial ful­ fillment of the requi=a~ents for the Degree of Master of Science from the University of North Dakota is hereby approved by the Faculty Advisory Committee under whom the work has been done. ii Permission DEPOSITIONAL ENVIR0~11ENTS OF THE UPPER PART OF THE SENTINEL Title BUTTE FORMATION, SOUTHEASTER...~ MCKENZIE COUNTY, NORtH DAKOTA Degree~~~~-M_a_s_t_e_r__ o_f ___ S_c_i_e_n~c_e __ ~--~------~--~--~~--------~ In presenting this thesis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a graduate degree from the University of North Dakota, I agree that the Library of this University shall make it freely available for inspection.
    [Show full text]