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Hawaiian Plant Studies 1191 Pacific Science (1984), vol. 38, no. 3 © 1984 by the University of Hawaii Press. All rights reserved Novelties in Lipochaeta (Compositae). Hawaiian Plant Studies 1191 HAROLD ST. JOHN 2 ABSTRACT: Included are descriptions, based on morphology, of 12 new species and three new varieties of Lipochaeta (Compositae) of the Hawaiian Islands. AN IMPORTANT ELEMENT IN the flora ofthe arid cuneata marginibus depresse serrulatis den­ lowlands ofthe Hawaiian Islands is the genus tibus in hydathodo globoso terminantibus Lipochaeta (Compositae). While preparing a supra sparse adpresse hirsutulis infra cum revision ofthis genus 3 the author has detected pilis simulantibus densioribus nervis secun­ several new species and varieties. To make dariis 8-10 in dimidio quoque, cymis cum them known, they are here described and most 1-4 capitulis, pedunculis 2-9 cm longis of them are illustrated. adpresse hirsutulis, capitulis 2.5-3 cm dia­ metro, involucro hemisphaerico, 4-5 phyl­ lariis exterioribus 6-10 (-12) mm longis Lipochaeta acris Sherff lanceo-ovatis dense adpresse hirsutulis, var. lata var. nov. flosculis radiatis 10-14, tubo 3mm longo, A specie differt in phyllariis lanceolatis. radiis 11 mm longis 4 mm latis obIongo­ Differs from the species by having the outer ellipticis in apice paullo bifidis, squamis phyllaries lanceolate. The species has them disci 5mm longis 2 mm latis oblanceo­ lance-linear. navicularibus proxima apicem puberulis, flosculis disci fere 40 cum 2 setis 2-2.5 mm HOLOTYPUS: Hawaiian Islands, Kauai longis, corollis cum dimidio infero 2 mm Island, bottom of Kaaweiki, 3/6/69, Robert longo anguste tubuloso dimidio supero W. Hobdy 94 (BISH). anguste campanulato et cum 5 lobis anguste There are 20 other collections of the new ovatis, achaeneis radiatis 3 x 2-2.7 x var. lata in the Bishop Museum. They were 1.1 mm deltoideo-obovoideis laevibus badiis found all along the Na Pali coast ofKauai, at cum 2 aculeis exterioribus 1mm longis et 2 Kokee, and in the Waimea Valley region. This interioribus 0.5 mm longis, achaeneis disci variety and var. acris are sympatric. 2.9 x 0.8 x 0.2mm ellipsoideis plano-con­ vexis acum 2 aculeis 0.8-1 mm longis. Lipochaeta Christophersenii sp. nov. (sect. Aphanopappus), fig. 1 DIAGNOSIS OF HOLOTYPE: Shrub 1m tall; leafy branchlets 1-3mm in diameter, stra­ DIAGNOSIS HOLOTYPI: Frutex 1m altus est, mineous, appressed ascending white hirsutu­ ramulis foliosis adpresse hirsutulis, petiolis lous; internodes 1-7cm long; nodes with 2-4mm longis adpresse hirsutulis, laminis an elevated ring but not perfoliate; petioles 3-12 x 0.8-3.2 cm firme chartaceis lan­ 2-4mm long, white appressed ascending ceolatis vel anguste lanceolatis acutis basi hirsutulous, broadly channeled above; blades 3-12cm long, 8-32mm wide, firm chartaceous, Ianceolate to narrowly lan­ 1 Manuscript accepted 15 March 1984. ceolate, acute, the base cuneate, the margins 2 Bishop Museum, Box 19000-A, Honolulu, Hawaii, remotely low serrulate, the teeth ending in a 96817. globose hydathode, above dark green, shin­ 3 The sections ofthe genus proposed by Gardner (1979) are used in this paper, but since the difference between ing, and sparsely appressed white hirsutulous, them is only on a majority count ofthe disk corolla lobes, below pale green and with similar but more it is not considered significant. dense pubescence, secondary veins 8-10 in 253 254 PACIFIC SCIENCE, Volume 38, July 1984 , o ... :,!~.,.,~ I.: ~I', i d o 511\11\ o, 5cm {A-".-.A.' ~ ~. g 1 o FIGURE 1. Lipochaela Chrislophersenii St. John, from holotype. a, habit x}; b, head, x 2; c, ray floret, x 4; d, chaff, x 4; e, disk floret, x 4;f, g, ray achene, x 6; h, i, disk achene, x 6. Hawaiian Plant Studies l19-ST. JOHN 255 each half, arcuate ascending, and a pair ofthe specializing in plant ecology. He served as lower ones strong and thickened; cymes with botanist for the Bishop Museum in 1924 on 1-4 heads; peduncles 2-9 cm long, appressed the Tanager Expedition to Nihoa and Necker; ascending white hirsutulous; heads 2.5-3 cm and on the Whippoorwill Expedition to Fan­ in diameter; involucre hemispheric; 4-5 outer ning, Christmas, Jarvis, Washington, Palmyra, phyllaries 6-10 (-12) mm long, lance-ovate, Howland, and Baker islands, and published densely appressed ascending white hirsu­ two bulletins on them. From 1929 to 1934 he tulous; inner phyllaries similar; ray florets was botanist at the Bishop Museum and made 10-14, the ovary 3 mm long, subelliptic; 2 three trips to Samoa to study its ecology. Since pappus awns 1.3 nun long; the tube 3 mm there was no useable flora ofit, he found that long, the ray 11 mm long, 4 mm wide, oblong he hadfirst to collect the plant specimens, then elliptic, slightly bifid at apex; chaff 5mm on return to Honolulu to study their taxon­ long, 2 mm wide, oblance navicular, near the omy. He published two floristic bulletins apex puberulous; disk flowers about 40, with about Samoa, but nothing on ecology. Because the ovary 1.9 nun long, ellipsoid, the 2 awns of his wife's ill health, he resigned from his 2-2.5 nun long; corolla with the lower half museum position in 1934 and returned to 2 mm long, narrowly tubular, the upper half Oslo, Norway, where he worked as a member narrowly campanulate and bearing 5 narrowly of the Norwegian foreign service. ovate lobes; ray achenes 3 mm long, 2-2.7 mm wide, 0.1 nun thick, deltoid obovoid, smooth, Lipochaeta elliptica sp. nov. (sect. brown, with 2 outer awns 1rom long, and 2 Lipochaeta), fig. 2 inner ones 0.5 mm long; disk achenes 2.9 mm long, 0.8 mm wide, 0.2 mm thick, ellipsoid, DIAGNOSIS HOLOTYPI: Frutex multi-ramosus brown, smooth, plano-convex, bearing 2 awns 6.5 dm altus est, ramulis foliosis dense adpresse 0.8-1 rom long. setulosis, petiolis 2-12rom longis cuneatis alatis cum pilis simulantibus, laminis 1.5-3 x HOLOTYPUS: Hawaiian Islands, Oahu Is­ 0.9-2 cm subcoriaceis ovatis apice acuto vel land, Waianae Mts., Central Lualualei, head subacuto basi cuneata marginibus serratis . of valley 2, foot of cliffs below Kanehoa, cum 4-7 dentibus in dirnidio quoque paginis 450 malt., June 1, 1922, Erling Christophersen ambis dense adpresse setulosis et scabris nervis 3,691 (BISH). secundariis 3-4 in dimidio quoque infra ele­ DISCUSSION: Lipochaeta Christophersenii is vatis prominentibus, inflorescentiis termi­ a member of the section Aphanopappus. Its nalibus, cymis cum 3 (-5) capitibus cum pi1is closest relative, L. Garberi St. John, of Oahu, simulantibus, pedunculis 1-3cm longis, is a species with the blade margins remotely capitulis 10-12mm diametro, involucro in low serrulate; outer phyllaries 6-10 (-12) mm flore 3-3.5 mm alto 3.5-4 mm diametro hemi­ long, densely appressed ascending white sphaerico, 4 phyllariis exterioribus 2.5-3 mm hirsutulous; ray florets 10-14 and 11 x 4 mm, longis 1.7-2rom latis late e1lipticis viridibus et oblong elliptic; disk florets about 40, and the adpresse setulosis, illis interiorihus 3.7-4mm lobes 5. Lipochaeta Christophersenii has the longis ovatis acutis, flosculis radiatis 5-8, blade margins remotely coarsely crenate; ovario 2 setas pappi 0.6-0.7 mm longas outer phyllaries 5-6mm long, densely ap­ ferrenti, tubo corollae 1mm longo, laminis pressed ascending white hirsute; ray florets radiatis 5.5 x 2.6 mm ellipticis emarginatis, 10-14, the ray 10 x 2.5-3mm, ligulate; disk flosculis disci circa 24 et cum 2 setas pappi florets 25, and the lobes 4. 0.7-0.8 mm longas ferrenti, tubo corollae This species is named in honor of the col­ 2 mm longo parte 2/3 infera anguste tubulosa lector, Erling Christophersen. He was born on parte supera campanulata, 4lobis 0.5-0.6 mm April 17, 1898 in Christiania, Norway. He longis ovatis, antheris 0.7 nun longis separatis, studied at the Royal Frederick University in achaeneis radiatis 2 x 1.8 x 1.2 mm trigono­ Christiania during 1916-1917, 1921-1922; he obovoideis obscure badiis laevibus angulis earned his Ph.B. at Yale University in 1920, subtilibus, 3 setis pappi 1-1.3 mm longis, 256 o Sl'ntn ''-- I .2.Cm • Hawaiian Plant Studies l19-ST. JOHN 257 achaeneis disci 4.4 x 1.3 x 0.5 nun ellip­ HOLOTYPUS: Hawaiian Islands, Kahoolawe soideis compressis planoconvexis badiis laevi­ Island, alongside jeep road from Hanakanaea bus marginibus subtilibus, 2 aculeis pappi Bay, past the dump and just s. ofthe concrete 0.5-0.7 nun longis. observation post, sww exposure, in full sun, very rocky substrate, 90 ft elev., 4-21-1980, G. DIAGNOSIS OF HOLOTYPE: Shrub 6.5 dm tall, Clarke & C. Corn 370 (BISH). freely branching; leafy branchlets 0.5-4mm in diameter, brownish, densely appressed as­ SPECIMENS EXAMINED: Hawaiian Islands, cending white setulose; internodes 1.2-6cm Kahoolawe Island, Hanakanaea Bay, back of long; nodes enlarged; leaves opposite, diver­ shoreline, 1/8 mile nw of barracks, about 10 gent; petioles 2-12mm long, cuneate winged, plants, in full sun, with exotic weeds, on lat­ similarly setulose; blades 1.5-3 x 0.9-2 cm, erite soil with scattered rocks, 30 ft elev., subcoriaceous, ovate, the apex acute or sub­ 4/21/1980, G. Clarke & C. Corn 371; 372; and acute, the base cuneate, the margins serrate 383; nw of Kaukaukapapa beach, 40-50 ft with 4-7 teeth to a side, on both sides densely from shore, in rock outcropping, with Hetero­ appressed white setulose and scabrous, above pogon and Prosopis, colony of 6 plants, some dark green, below green, the secondary veins leaves ovate, others 3-10bed, 150 ft elev., 4-22­ arcuate ascending, 3-4in each half, below the 1980, L.
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