Living in the Landscape Essays in Honour of Graeme Barker

McDONALD INSTITUTE MONOGRAPHS

Edited by Katherine Boyle, Ryan J. Rabett & Chris O. Hunt Published by:

McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research University of Cambridge Downing Street Cambridge, UK CB2 3ER (0)(1223) 333538 (0)(1223) 339336 (Production Office) (0)(1223) 333536 (FAX) [email protected] www.mcdonald.cam.ac.uk

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ISBN: 978-1-902937-73-1 ISSN: 1363-1349 (McDonald Institute)

All rights reserved. No parts of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research.

Cover design by Dora Kemp.

Cover image: An archway within Gasr ash-Shahdiyn, a Late Roman fortress located on the main road between Al-Baida and Al-Maj, 4.5 km southwest of the Wadi Kuf bridge, Libya. (Photograph: Ryan Rabett, 2008; details: Paul Bennett).

Edited for the Institute by James Barrett Series( Editor) and Anne Chippindale.

Printed and bound by Short Run Press, Bittern Rd, Sowton Industrial Estate, Exeter, EX2 7LW, UK. Contents

Contributors vii Figures x Tables xii Acknowledgements xv

Foreword xvi James Barrett

Part I Introduction 1 Chapter 1 Introduction: Frameworks and Landscapes 3 Colin Renfrew

Part II Before the Holocene 9 Chapter 2 Hallam Movius, Helmut de Terra and the Line that Never Was: Burma, 1938 11 Robin Dennell

Chapter 3 First Modern Human Occupation of Europe: The Middle Danube Region as a Case Study 35 Philip R. Nigst

Chapter 4 Possible Population Histories in North Cyrenaica during the MSA/Early Upper Palaeolithic 49 Timothy E.G. Reynolds

Chapter 5 Spatial and Temporal Variation in North African and Southwest Asian Palaeoenvironmental and Archaeological Records during Marine Isotope Stage 4 59 Lucy Farr and Sacha Jones

Chapter 6 Pleistocene Island Occupation in the Mediterranean: Insights from a Tied-Biome Approach to Glacial Refugia 83 Nellie Phoca-Cosmetatou and Ryan J. Rabett

Chapter 7 Microlithism and Landscape Exploitation along the Cyrenaican Coast between the Late Pleistocene and the Holocene: A Matter of Continuity 109 Giulio Lucarini and Giuseppina Mutri

Chapter 8 Shorelines, Mangroves and Human Environments in the Coastal Lowlands of Northeastern Borneo during the Late Quaternary 121 Chris O. Hunt and David Gilbertson

Chapter 9 Visual Vocabulary of the Landscape: Environmental Exploitation and Upper Palaeolithic Art 137 Liliana Janik

Part III Transitions Towards Farming 147 Chapter 10 Neolithic Hunters in the Landscape of Northern Italy 149 Katherine Boyle

Chapter 11 Farming comes to Arcadia: Notes on the Neolithic Settlement of Central Europe 161 Peter Bogucki

Chapter 12 Archaeology of the Dog in Borneo: New Evidence from the Everett Collection in the Natural History Museum, London 171 Earl of Cranbrook

Chapter 13 Death in the Landscape: The Locality of Ancestors in Neolithic Island Southeast Asia 183 Lindsay R. Lloyd-Smith v Chapter 14 Of Prehistoric Pioneers: The Establishment of the First Sedentary Settlements in the Mekong Delta Region of Southern Vietnam during the Period 2000–1500 cal. bc 209 Philip J. Piper and Marc F. Oxenham

Chapter 15 Under One Roof: People, Crops and Animals in Neolithic North China 227 Xinyi Liu and Martin Jones

Chapter 16 The Horse is Man’s Wings: Archaeology, Genetics and the Changing Nature of the Human–Horse Relationship in Central and East Asia 235 Mim A. Bower, Michael G. Campana, C. Stephen Downes, Elizabeth Barrett and R. Ellen R. Nisbet

Part IV Into the Light of Written History 255 Chapter 17 Beyond Feasting: Consumption and Lifestyle amongst the Invisible Etruscans 257 Caroline Malone, Simon Stoddart, Letizia Ceccarelli, Luana Cenciaioli, Patricia Duff, Finbar Mccormick, Jacob Morales, Stephen Armstrong, Jennifer Bates, Jeremy Bennett, Jamie Cameron, Gabriele Cifani, Sheira Cohen, Tiomoid Foley, Francesca Fulminante, Hettie Hill, Laura Mattacchoni, Skylar Neil, Antonio Rosatelli, David Redhouse and Saskia Volhard-Dearman

Chapter 18 Landscape and Society: The Making of San Vicenzo’s Mediterranean Valley 267 Richard Hodges

Chapter 19 Landscapes of Power: Looking In, Looking Out in the Medieval Mediterranean and Beyond 287 Oliver Creighton

Chapter 20 Castles in the Desert: Living in Libyan Landscapes 299 David Mattingly

Chapter 21 Agriculture, Feasting and Social Change in Early Southeast Asia 313 Charles Higham

Chapter 22 The Power of Pits: Archaeology, Outreach and Research in Living Landscapes 321 Carenza Lewis

Chapter 23 Investigating Large Landscapes: Constraints and Developing Techniques 339 Charles French

Part V Afterword 351 Cyprian Broodbank

Index 353

vi Contributors

Stephen Armstrong Jamie Cameron School of Geography, Archaeology and Keble College, Oxford, OX1 3PG, UK. Palaeoecology, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Email: [email protected] BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland, UK. Email: [email protected] Michael G. Campana Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Elizabeth Barrett Harvard University, Peabody Museum, 11 Divinity McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Email: [email protected] Cambridge, CB2 3ER, UK. Letizia Ceccarelli James Barrett McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3ER, UK. Cambridge, CB2 3ER, UK. Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Luana Cenciaioli Jennifer Bates Soprintendenza per i Beni Archeologici dell’Umbria, McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, Piazza G. Bruno 10, 06121 Perugia, Italy. University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Email: [email protected] Cambridge, CB2 3ER, UK. Email: [email protected] Gabriele Cifani Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata, Facoltà Jeremy Bennett di Lettere e Filosofia, Edificio B, IV piano, via Magdalene College, Cambridge, CB3 0EU, UK. Columbia 1, 00133 Rome, Italy. Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Peter I. Bogucki Sheira Cohen School of Engineering and Applied Science, Prince- Department of Classics and Ancient History, Uni- ton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. versity of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Mim A. Bower Gathorne Cranbrook McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, Great Glemham House, Saxmundham, IP17 1LP, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, UK. Cambridge, CB2 3ER, UK. Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected], [email protected] Oliver Creighton Katherine Boyle Department of Archaeology, University of Exeter, McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, Laver Building, North Park Road, Exeter, EX4 4QE, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, UK. Cambridge, CB2 3ER, UK. Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Robin Dennell Cyprian Broodbank Department of Archaeology, University of Exeter, McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, EX4 4QE, UK. University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Email: [email protected] Cambridge, CB2 3ER, UK. Email: [email protected]

vii C. Stephen Downes Chris O. Hunt School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, School of Natural Sciences and Psychology, Coleraine Campus, Cromore Road, Coleraine, Co. Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Londonderry, BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK. Building, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK. Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Patricia Duff Liliana Janik McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3ER, UK. Cambridge, CB2 3ER, UK. Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Lucy Farr Martin Jones McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, Department of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3DZ, UK. Cambridge, CB2 3ER, UK. Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Sacha Jones Tiomoid Foley McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, School of Geography, Archaeology and University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Palaeoecology, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Cambridge, CB2 3ER, UK. BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland, UK. Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Carenza Lewis Charles French Department of Archaeology and Anthropology, Department of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3DZ, UK. University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3DZ, UK. Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Xinyi Liu Francesca Fulminante The Interdisciplinary Program in Archaeology, Magdalene College, Cambridge, CB3 0EU, UK. Washington University in St Louis, Email: [email protected] Campus Box 1114, One Brookings Drive, St Louis, MO 63130-4899, USA. David D. Gilbertson Email: [email protected] School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sci- ences, Plymouth University, Drake Circus, Plym- Lindsay R. Lloyd-Smith outh, PL4 8AA, UK. Institute for East Asian Studies, Sogang University, Email: [email protected] 35 Baekbum-ro, Mapo-gu, 121-742, Seoul, South Korea. Charles Higham Email: [email protected] Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, Giulio Lucarini New Zealand. McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, Email: [email protected] University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3ER, UK. Hettie Hill Email: [email protected] Magdalene College, Cambridge, CB3 0EU, UK. Email: [email protected] Caroline Malone School of Geography, Archaeology and Richard Hodges Palaeoecology, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, American University of Rome, Via Pietro Roselli 4, BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland, UK. 00153 Rome, Italy. Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

viii Laura Mattacchioni Nellie Phoca-Cosmetatou Sezione di Scienze Archeologiche, Università degli McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, Studi, Via Aquilone 7, 06123 Perugia, Italy. University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Email: [email protected] Cambridge, CB2 3ER, UK. Email: [email protected] David Mattingly School of Archaeology and Ancient History, Philip J. Piper University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, School of Archaeology and Anthropology, Hope LE1 7RH, UK. Building #14, The Australian National University, Email: [email protected] Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. Email: [email protected] Finbar McCormick School of Geography, Archaeology and Ryan J. Rabett Palaeoecology, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland, UK. University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Email: [email protected] Cambridge, CB2 3ER, UK. Email: [email protected] Jacob Morales Departamento Ciencias Históricas, Universidad de David Redhouse Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Pérez del Toro 1, Las Department of Archaeology and Anthropology, Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas 35003, Spain. University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cam- Email: [email protected] bridge, CB2 3DZ, UK. Email: [email protected] Giuseppina Mutri McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, Colin Renfrew University of Cambridge, Downing Street, McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, Cambridge, CB2 3ER, UK. University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Email: [email protected] Cambridge, CB2 3ER, UK. Email: [email protected] Philip R. Nigst Department of Archaeology and Anthropology, Timothy E.G. Reynolds University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Department of History, Classics and Archaeology, Cambridge, CB2 3DZ, UK/Department of Human Birkbeck, University of London, Room B.06, Evolution, Max-Planck-Institute for Evolutionary 26 Russell Square, London, WC1B 5DG, UK. Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany. Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Antonio Rosatelli Skylar Neil Società Agricola Fondi Rustici Montelabate Srl, Magdalene College, Cambridge, CB3 0EU, UK. Strada Di Montelabate 3, Piccione, PG 06134, Italy. Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

R. Ellen R. Nisbet Simon Stoddart Department of Biochemistry, University of Magdalene College, Cambridge, CB3 0EU, UK. Cambridge, Building O, Downing Site, Cambridge, Email: [email protected] CB2 1QW, UK. Email: [email protected] Saskia Volhard-Dearman 31 Narcissus Road, West Hampstead, London, NW6 Marc F. Oxenham 1TL, UK. School of Archaeology and Anthropology, Hope Email: [email protected] Building #14, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. Email: [email protected]