DOCSLIB.ORG

From the Lane to the City: the Impact of the Orangi Pilot Project’S Low Cost Sanitation Model

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
From the Lane to the City: the Impact of the Orangi Pilot Project’S Low Cost Sanitation Model From the Lane to the City: The Impact of the Orangi Pilot Project’s Low Cost Sanitation Model A WaterAid report by Akbar Zaidi From the Lane to the City: The Impact of the Orangi Pilot Project’s Low Cost Sanitation Model WaterAid/Caroline Penn WaterAid/Caroline This report is one of a series which analyse WaterAid’s experience in supporting integrated water, sanitation and hygiene education projects in developing countries. Other reports in the series are: WAMMA: Empowerment in practice Hitosa Water Supply: A people’s project India: Making government funding work harder Contracts or Partnerships: Working through local NGOs in Ghana and Nepal WaterAid Men dig a trench and lay pipes through compacted sewage, earth and rubbish in Prince Consort House Hassanpura, Faisalabad. 27-29 Albert Embankment London SE1 7UB Telephone: +44 (0)20 7793 4500 Fax: +44 (0)20 7793 4545 Website: www.wateraid.org.uk Charity Reg No 288701 Published by WaterAid London June 2001 All rights reserved. Cover Photo: WaterAid/Caroline Penn 2 From the Lane to the City: The Impact of the Orangi Pilot Project’s Low Cost Sanitation Model From the Lane to the City: The Impact of the Orangi Pilot Project’s Low Cost Sanitation Model A WaterAid Report TAJIKISTAN CHINA Written by Akbar Zaidi Edited by Eric Gutierrez and Virginia Roaf Mingora June 2001 Rawalpindi AFGHANISTAN Faisalabad ➛ 0 150 300 Kms N Multan Contents Lodhran Uch INDIA Introduction 4 PAKISTAN OPP Principles of Good Practice 8 Karachi IRAN Problems of Replication 13 OPP – The Wider Impact 16 Conclusion 19 List of Acronyms and Terms 21 Bibliography 22 Acknowledgements 23 Boxes and Tables Akhtar Hameed Khan and the OPP’s Growing Influence 12 The Anjuman Samaji Behbood (ASB) Experience in Faisalabad 15 3 From the Lane to the City: The Impact of the Orangi Pilot Project’s Low Cost Sanitation Model Introduction In 1994, WaterAid started a had radically changed the Orangi education. By 1988, four relationship with one of Pakistan’s settlement. Gone were the murky, autonomous institutions were in most influential non-governmental stinking open sewers that place to manage the OPP’s organisations (NGO) and perhaps crisscrossed the settlement and expanding concerns. The main the world’s best-known non- which posed considerable health OPP Research and Training governmental project in the large- and physical hazards to its Institute (OPP-RTI) took charge of scale provision of sanitation for the residents. Mobility improved the Low Cost Sanitation urban poor – the Orangi Pilot within the community both for Programme and the Education Project (OPP). This relationship goods and human traffic, boosting Programme. The Orangi was primarily aimed at learning home-based enterprises and small- Charitable Trust (OCT) ran the lessons from the ‘OPP experience,’ scale trading. Infant mortality rate Family Enterprise Economic and in funding projects to replicate fell from 130 per thousand live Programme that provided cheap this process inside and outside births in 1982 to 37 per thousand in and readily accessible credit. The Pakistan. Five years later, as 1991, which was far faster than it Karachi Health and Social WaterAid was to carry out some had fallen in Karachi or the rest of Development Association form of assessment of this funding, Pakistan.(Badshah, 1996: 49; and it received a proposal for a broader Reed and Vines, 1992a:19)4 The 1 The proposal was submitted by the OPP study on the impact of the OPP.1 availability of cleaner and extended and the London-based International Wishing to contribute to an space in front of houses had a Institute for Environment and Development independent critical assessment of significant social and recreational (IIED) in early 1999. the OPP, WaterAid funded the impact as well. New and relatively 2 Karachi is Pakistan’s economic centre with broader study, from which this safer play areas for children a total population of over 9 million 5 abbreviated report is derived. emerged. Women were able to residents. move around more freely and be The OPP started in 1980 in the 3 It is not very clear by how much the OPP visited by friends and relatives, depressed and crowded Orangi low-cost sanitation model is cheaper than leading some to comment that it settlement, one of Karachi’s2 most other alternatives because of difficulties in improved marriage prospects for blighted districts and its largest comparison. However, some studies have young women.6 Such success has katchi abadi with a population of 1.2 shown that sewer construction in Orangi naturally drawn attention from the million. Led by the renowned Dr are one-seventh the cost compared to those world over. The OPP experience is, Akhtar Hameed Khan (see box constructed by the Karachi Metropolitan in WaterAid and many other Corporation (KMC) due to the p.12), the OPP evolved in just a few development agencies’ view, a simplification of the technical design and years to be a remarkable self- most impressive demonstration of the elimination of middlemen, contractors funded, self-administered and self- just how much urban poor and the pay-off to professionals like maintained grassroots movement communities can contribute to the engineers. (Siddiqui and Rashid, 1997). relying on nothing more than the development of quite complex 4 The improvement in infant mortality rates resources and skills of its urban large-scale infrastructure projects. can be attributed to many factors, including poor constituents using local It also presented a challenge to reduction of solid wastes, the reduction of materials and labour in building dominant development paradigms children defecating in the streets, etc. But hundreds of kilometres of that are too technical, too reliant on most observers and official sources agree extremely low-cost underground government and donor support, that the most important factor is the sewers.3 By April 2001 these had construction of underground sewers. and which generally treated poor benefited 92,184 families in 6,134 communities as simply the objects 5 In the Manzoor Colony where an 8-12 foot lanes, representing almost 90% of of, rather than the central force of wide concrete case was built on a 2050-foot the entire settlement. There have nala local enthusiasts acquired a continuous development. also been 409 collector sewers built, cricket pitch. and collectively the community Over time, the OPP expanded 6 It is customary in Pakistani society for the have invested Rs. 82.141 million beyond sanitation provision to potential husband’s parents and elders to (£924,000) in their sewerage cover programmes for health, visit the house of their prospective system. By the late 1980s, the OPP credit, low-cost housing and daughter-in-law. 4 From the Lane to the City: The Impact of the Orangi Pilot Project’s Low Cost Sanitation Model WaterAid/Caroline Penn WaterAid/Caroline (KHASDA) implemented the Health Programme. And finally there was the OPP Society that administered funding from the Infaq Foundation, a Pakistani charity, for the OPP organisations. The OPP, however, was as controversial as it was popular. Despite its ostensible success and tremendous potential, the ‘OPP experience’ was perceived not to be replicable on any serious scale outside of Karachi. It faced a number of critics – from government, the international donor community, as well as Pakistani NGOs – who posed a wide array of arguments that downplayed and sometimes denied outright the OPP’s claims to success. There were critics who pointed out that the OPP experience was specific to Orangi. Orangi has a natural slope, which made secondary sewer lanes and collection points dispensable to a certain extent. Had Orangi been on flat terrain, the project may have had to rely on government and donor support from the outset. Furthermore, most Orangi Children cross over the sewage flow in Mansoor colony, Karachi. householders were acknowledged owner-occupiers, who had more community and government was criticism of NGOs that thrive on incentive and security of tenure its firm, resolute and active foreign funding which, as a result, than renters or squatters to invest rejection of any form of subsidies reinforces development paradigms their hard-earned income in sewer or funding for what it termed as that depend on complex, technical construction. Others say that the internal7 development work for inputs from highly-paid OPP was too ‘Dr Khan-centred’, poor communities. The OPP consultants and organisations and reliant on his involvement. stressed that the responsibility to rather than rely on what is Government engineers and fund the internal component rests available from communities. The industry professionals initially solely with the community. It OPP has in fact developed a doubted the quality and technical believes that government or donor reputation for taking on and standards of the OPP-facilitated money, when used for internal challenging even international sewer lines. Some critics look at development, is a corrupting donor organisations. It called the sustainability, arguing that OPP- system that undermines the initiated community organisations indigenous and self-motivated created through this process do not 7 The OPP used the term internal to refer to initiatives of communities. They actively continue once construction any form of development work that the condemned NGOs that readily work has been completed. people, communities, and lanes are accept donor money as contractors supposed to do, while external refers to the But perhaps the main point that who make a business out of responsibility of government. This is brought the OPP into conflict with development work. The OPP discussed in the following section of this a number of NGOs, the donor became known for its consistent report. 5 From the Lane to the City: The Impact of the Orangi Pilot Project’s Low Cost Sanitation Model Urban Basic Services (UBS) Most of the many materials on the longer-term and relatively more programme – nominated by the OPP are documentation assembled objective perspective.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Butcher, W. Scott
    The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs Oral History Project WILLIAM SCOTT BUTCHER Interviewed by: David Reuther Initial interview date: December 23, 2010 Copyright 2015 ADST TABLE OF CONTENTS Background Born in Dayton, Ohio, December 12, 1942 Stamp collecting and reading Inspiring high school teacher Cincinnati World Affairs Council BA in Government-Foreign Affairs Oxford, Ohio, Miami University 1960–1964 Participated in student government Modest awareness of Vietnam Beginning of civil rights awareness MA in International Affairs John Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies 1964–1966 Entered the Foreign Service May 1965 Took the written exam Cincinnati, September 1963 Took the oral examination Columbus, November 1963 Took leave of absence to finish Johns Hopkins program Entered 73rd A-100 Class June 1966 Rangoon, Burma, Country—Rotational Officer 1967-1969 Burmese language training Traveling to Burma, being introduced to Asian sights and sounds Duties as General Services Officer Duties as Consular Officer Burmese anti-Indian immigration policies Anti-Chinese riots Ambassador Henry Byroade Comment on condition of embassy building Staff recreation Benefits of a small embassy 1 Major Japanese presence Comparing ambassadors Byroade and Hummel Dhaka, Pakistan—Political Officer 1969-1971 Traveling to Consulate General Dhaka Political duties and mission staff Comment on condition of embassy building USG focus was humanitarian and economic development Official and unofficial travels and colleagues November
    [Show full text]
  • Migration and Small Towns in Pakistan
    Working Paper Series on Rural-Urban Interactions and Livelihood Strategies WORKING PAPER 15 Migration and small towns in Pakistan Arif Hasan with Mansoor Raza June 2009 ABOUT THE AUTHORS Arif Hasan is an architect/planner in private practice in Karachi, dealing with urban planning and development issues in general, and in Asia and Pakistan in particular. He has been involved with the Orangi Pilot Project (OPP) since 1982 and is a founding member of the Urban Resource Centre (URC) in Karachi, whose chairman he has been since its inception in 1989. He is currently on the board of several international journals and research organizations, including the Bangkok-based Asian Coalition for Housing Rights, and is a visiting fellow at the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED), UK. He is also a member of the India Committee of Honour for the International Network for Traditional Building, Architecture and Urbanism. He has been a consultant and advisor to many local and foreign CBOs, national and international NGOs, and bilateral and multilateral donor agencies. He has taught at Pakistani and European universities, served on juries of international architectural and development competitions, and is the author of a number of books on development and planning in Asian cities in general and Karachi in particular. He has also received a number of awards for his work, which spans many countries. Address: Hasan & Associates, Architects and Planning Consultants, 37-D, Mohammad Ali Society, Karachi – 75350, Pakistan; e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]. Mansoor Raza is Deputy Director Disaster Management for the Church World Service – Pakistan/Afghanistan.
    [Show full text]
  • Social Entrepreneurship – Creating Value for the Society Dr
    Prabadevi M. N., International Journal of Advance Research, Ideas and Innovations in Technology. ISSN: 2454-132X Impact factor: 4.295 (Volume3, Issue2) Available online at www.ijariit.com Social Entrepreneurship – Creating Value for the Society Dr. M. N. Prabadevi SRM University [email protected] Abstract: Social entrepreneurship is the use of the techniques by start-up companies and other entrepreneurs to develop, fund and implement solutions to social, cultural, or environmental issues. This concept may be applied to a variety of organizations with different sizes, aims, and beliefs. Social Entrepreneurship is the attempt to draw upon business techniques to find solutions to social problems. Conventional entrepreneurs typically measure performance in profit and return, but social entrepreneurs also take into account a positive return to society. Social entrepreneurship typically attempts to further broad social, cultural, and environmental goals often associated with the voluntary sector. At times, profit also may be a consideration for certain companies or other social enterprises. Keywords: Social Entrepreneurship, Values, Society. 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Defining social entrepreneurship Social entrepreneurship refers to the practice of combining innovation, resourcefulness, and opportunity to address critical social and environmental challenges. Social entrepreneurs focus on transforming systems and practices that are the root causes of poverty, marginalization, environmental deterioration and accompanying the loss of human dignity. In so doing, they may set up for-profit or not-for-profit organizations, and in either case, their primary objective is to create sustainable systems change. The key concepts of social entrepreneurship are innovation, market orientation and systems change. 1.2 Who are Social Entrepreneurs? A social entrepreneur is a society’s change agent: pioneer of innovations that benefit humanity Social entrepreneurs are drivers of change.
    [Show full text]
  • Drivers of Climate Change Vulnerability at Different Scales in Karachi
    Drivers of climate change vulnerability at different scales in Karachi Arif Hasan, Arif Pervaiz and Mansoor Raza Working Paper Urban; Climate change Keywords: January 2017 Karachi, Urban, Climate, Adaptation, Vulnerability About the authors Acknowledgements Arif Hasan is an architect/planner in private practice in Karachi, A number of people have contributed to this report. Arif Pervaiz dealing with urban planning and development issues in general played a major role in drafting it and carried out much of the and in Asia and Pakistan in particular. He has been involved research work. Mansoor Raza was responsible for putting with the Orangi Pilot Project (OPP) since 1981. He is also a together the profiles of the four settlements and for carrying founding member of the Urban Resource Centre (URC) in out the interviews and discussions with the local communities. Karachi and has been its chair since its inception in 1989. He was assisted by two young architects, Yohib Ahmed and He has written widely on housing and urban issues in Asia, Nimra Niazi, who mapped and photographed the settlements. including several books published by Oxford University Press Sohail Javaid organised and tabulated the community surveys, and several papers published in Environment and Urbanization. which were carried out by Nur-ulAmin, Nawab Ali, Tarranum He has been a consultant and advisor to many local and foreign Naz and Fahimida Naz. Masood Alam, Director of KMC, Prof. community-based organisations, national and international Noman Ahmed at NED University and Roland D’Sauza of the NGOs, and bilateral and multilateral donor agencies; NGO Shehri willingly shared their views and insights about e-mail: [email protected].
    [Show full text]
  • Group Identity and Civil-Military Relations in India and Pakistan By
    Group identity and civil-military relations in India and Pakistan by Brent Scott Williams B.S., United States Military Academy, 2003 M.A., Kansas State University, 2010 M.M.A., Command and General Staff College, 2015 AN ABSTRACT OF A DISSERTATION submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Security Studies College of Arts and Sciences KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY Manhattan, Kansas 2019 Abstract This dissertation asks why a military gives up power or never takes power when conditions favor a coup d’état in the cases of Pakistan and India. In most cases, civil-military relations literature focuses on civilian control in a democracy or the breakdown of that control. The focus of this research is the opposite: either the returning of civilian control or maintaining civilian control. Moreover, the approach taken in this dissertation is different because it assumes group identity, and the military’s inherent connection to society, determines the civil-military relationship. This dissertation provides a qualitative examination of two states, Pakistan and India, which have significant similarities, and attempts to discern if a group theory of civil-military relations helps to explain the actions of the militaries in both states. Both Pakistan and India inherited their military from the former British Raj. The British divided the British-Indian military into two militaries when Pakistan and India gained Independence. These events provide a solid foundation for a comparative study because both Pakistan’s and India’s militaries came from the same source. Second, the domestic events faced by both states are similar and range from famines to significant defeats in wars, ongoing insurgencies, and various other events.
    [Show full text]
  • Mike Davis, Planet of Slums
    - Planet of Slums • MIKE DAVIS VERSO London • New York formy dar/in) Raisin First published by Verso 2006 © Mike Davis 2006 All rights reserved The moral rights of the author have been asserted 357910 864 Verso UK: 6 Meard Street, London W1F OEG USA: 180 Varick Street, New York, NY 10014 -4606 www.versobooks.com Verso is the imprint of New Left Books ISBN 1-84467-022-8 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress Typeset in Garamond by Andrea Stimpson Printed in the USA Slum, semi-slum, and superslum ... to this has come the evolution of cities. Patrick Geddes1 1 Quoted in Lev.isMumford, The City inHistory: Its Onj,ins,Its Transf ormations, and Its Prospects, New Yo rk 1961, p. 464. Contents 1. The Urban Climacteric 1 2. The Prevalence of Slums 20 3. The Treason of the State 50 4. Illusions of Self-Help 70 5. Haussmann in the Tropics 95 6. Slum Ecology 121 .7. SAPing the Third World 151 ·8. A Surplus Humanity? 174 Epilogue: Down Vietnam Street 199 Acknowledgments 207 Index 209 1 The U rhan Climacteric We live in the age of the city. The city is everything to us - it consumes us, and for that reason we glorify it. Onookome Okomel Sometime in the next year or two, a woman will give birth in the Lagos slum of Ajegunle, a young man will flee his viJlage in west Java for the bright lights of Jakarta, or a farmer will move his impoverished family into one of Lima's innumerable pueblosjovenes .
    [Show full text]
  • Abbott Laboratories (Pak) Ltd. List of Non CNIC Shareholders Final Dividend for the Year Ended Dec 31, 2015 SNO WARRANT NO FOLIO NAME HOLDING ADDRESS 1 510004 95 MR
    Abbott Laboratories (Pak) Ltd. List of non CNIC shareholders Final Dividend For the year ended Dec 31, 2015 SNO WARRANT_NO FOLIO NAME HOLDING ADDRESS 1 510004 95 MR. AKHTER HUSAIN 14 C-182, BLOCK-C NORTH NAZIMABAD KARACHI 2 510007 126 MR. AZIZUL HASAN KHAN 181 FLAT NO. A-31 ALLIANCE PARADISE APARTMENT PHASE-I, II-C/1 NAGAN CHORANGI, NORTH KARACHI KARACHI. 3 510008 131 MR. ABDUL RAZAK HASSAN 53 KISMAT TRADERS THATTAI COMPOUND KARACHI-74000. 4 510009 164 MR. MOHD. RAFIQ 1269 C/O TAJ TRADING CO. O.T. 8/81, KAGZI BAZAR KARACHI. 5 510010 169 MISS NUZHAT 1610 469/2 AZIZABAD FEDERAL 'B' AREA KARACHI 6 510011 223 HUSSAINA YOUSUF ALI 112 NAZRA MANZIL FLAT NO 2 1ST FLOOR, RODRICK STREET SOLDIER BAZAR NO. 2 KARACHI 7 510012 244 MR. ABDUL RASHID 2 NADIM MANZIL LY 8/44 5TH FLOOR, ROOM 37 HAJI ESMAIL ROAD GALI NO 3, NAYABAD KARACHI 8 510015 270 MR. MOHD. SOHAIL 192 FOURTH FLOOR HAJI WALI MOHD BUILDING MACCHI MIANI MARKET ROAD KHARADHAR KARACHI 9 510017 290 MOHD. YOUSUF BARI 1269 KUTCHI GALI NO 1 MARRIOT ROAD KARACHI 10 510019 298 MR. ZAFAR ALAM SIDDIQUI 192 A/192 BLOCK-L NORTH NAZIMABAD KARACHI 11 510020 300 MR. RAHIM 1269 32 JAFRI MANZIL KUTCHI GALI NO 3 JODIA BAZAR KARACHI 12 510021 301 MRS. SURRIYA ZAHEER 1610 A-113 BLOCK NO 2 GULSHAD-E-IQBAL KARACHI 13 510022 320 CH. ABDUL HAQUE 583 C/O MOHD HANIF ABDUL AZIZ HOUSE NO. 265-G, BLOCK-6 EXT. P.E.C.H.S. KARACHI.
    [Show full text]
  • TCS Office Falak Naz Shop # G.2 Ground Floor Flaknaz Plaza Sh-E - Faisal
    S No Cities TCS Offices Address Contact 1 Karachi TCS Office Falak Naz Shop # G.2 Ground Floor Flaknaz Plaza Sh-e - Faisal. 0316-9992201 2 Karachi TCS Office Main Head 101-104 CAA Club Road Near Hajj Tarminal - 3 0316-9992202 3 Karachi TCS Office Malir Cantt Shop#180 S-13 Cantt Bazar, Malir Cantonement, Karachi 0316-9992204 4 Karachi TCS Office Malir Court Shop # G-14 Al Raza Sq. New Malir City Near Malir Court 0316-9992207 Shop # 3Haq Baho shopping Center Gulshan e Hadeed Ph.1 Gulshan e 5 Karachi TCS Office Gulshan-E-Hadeed 0316-9992213 Hadeed 6 Karachi TCS Office Korangi No. 4 Shop # 10, Abbasi Fair Trade Centre, Korangi # 4 Opp. KMC Zoo 0316-9992215 7 Karachi TCS Office GULSHAN Chowrangi Shop A 1/30, block No 5. Haider plaza gulshan-e-Iqbal Karachi 0316-9992230 8 Karachi TCS Office GULISTAN-E-JOHAR Shop # Saima Classic Rashid Minas Road Near Johar More 0316-9992231 9 Karachi TCS Office HYDRI Shop # B-13, Al Bohran Circle, Block-B, North Nazimabad. 0316-9992232 10 Karachi TCS Office GULSHAN-E-IQBAL Shop # 06, Plot # B-74 Shelzon Center BI.15 Opp. Usmania Restrent 0316-9992234 11 Karachi TCS Office ORANGI TOWN Banaras Town, Sector 8, Orangi Town Karachi Opp. Banaras Town Masjid 0316-9992236 12 Karachi TCS Office S.I.T.E Shop # 5, SITE Shopping Centre, Manghopir Rd. Opp. MCB SITE Br. 0316-9992237 13 Karachi TCS Office NIPA CHOWRANGI Shop # A -8 KDA Overseas apartment 0316-9992241 S 5 Noman Arcade Bl. 14 Gulshan-e-Iqbal Near Mashriq Centre Sir 14 Karachi TCS Office Mashriq Center 0316-9992250 suleman shah Rd.
    [Show full text]
  • Be Where the Growth Is Be Where the Growth Is
    Be Where the Growth is Small & Mid Cap Large Cap Gold Debt Visual is for illustration purpose only. Nippon India Asset Allocator FOF (An open ended fund of funds scheme investing in equity oriented schemes, debt oriented schemes and gold ETF of Nippon India Mutual Fund) Performance of various Asset Classes and Sub Asset Classes keep changing over time. Even the best of minds cannot always predict which asset class will do well. But we have a solution for you! Nippon India Asset Allocator FoF invests across Equity oriented schemes, Debt oriented schemes and Gold ETF of Nippon India Mutual Fund with the help of an in-house proprietary model. This model decides allocation across Large Cap, Mid Cap, Small Cap, Short Term Debt, Long Term Debt and Gold ETF. This dynamic framework uses a robust set of Macro, Micro & Market Indicators with an aim to deliver superior risk adjusted returns. This ensures that you are always invested in the asset classes where the growth is most likely to be! NFO Opens On:18th January'21 | NFO Closes On:1st February'21 For more information, contact your mutual fund distributor or visit: mf.nipponindiaim.com Investors will be bearing the recurring expenses of the scheme in addition to the expenses of underlying schemes. Nippon India Asset Allocator FoF (An open ended fund of funds scheme investing in equity oriented schemes, debt oriented schemes and gold ETF of Nippon India Mutual Fund) Nippon India Asset Allocator FoF is suitable for investors who are seeking*: • Long term capital growth • An open ended fund of funds scheme investing in equity oriented schemes, debt oriented schemes and Gold ETF of Nippon India Mutual Fund Investors understand that their principal *Investors should consult their financial advisors if in doubt about whether the product is suitable for them.
    [Show full text]
  • Plan for Irrc in G-15 (Islamabad) Ahkmt-E-Guard Initiative
    INTEGRATED RESOURCE RECOVERY CENTRE G/15 ISLAMABAD Recycining center Dhaka Bangladesh Presented By Dr. Akhtar Hameed Khan Memorial Trust PLAN FOR IRRC IN G-15 (ISLAMABAD) AHKMT-E-GUARD INITIATIVE JKCHS Plan for IRRC Private Initiative 1.5 Kanal land by JKCHS Total 4600 plots 3-5 ton capacity IRRC 2200 HH are residing now UN-Habitat and UNESCAP Secondary collection system provided financial support was not available and waste concern and CCD provided technical support for AHKMT the IRRC Primary collection service is providing to almost 1500 hh through mutual agreement Primary collection will be extended gradually within 5 years PARTNERSHIP ARRANGEMENTS SITUATION IN ISLAMABAD As per survey in 2014 total population is 1.67 million and waste amount was 800 tons p/day Landfill site is still required Secondary collection and waste transportation requires huge funds Recyclables and organic material is not being utilized Mostly Housing societies of Zone II and Zone V have not proper waste collection and disposal system Present Situation Mixed Waste Waste Bins Demountable Transfer Containers Stations Landfill PROBLEMS Water Pollution Spread of Disease Vectors Green House Gas Emission Odor Pollution More Land Required for Landfill What is Integrated Resource Recovery Center (IRRC)? IRRC is a facility where significant portion (80-90%) of waste can be composted/recycled and processed in a cost effective way near the source of generation in a decentralized manner. IRRC is based on 3 R Principle. Capacity of IRRC varies from 2 to
    [Show full text]
  • Services for the Urban Poor a People-Centred Approach by George Mcrobie
    Services for the Urban Poor A People-centred Approach by George McRobie George McRobie was educated in Scotland. At the age Contents of 17 he began to work in the coal mines. He studied as an evening student and earned a degree at London Preface 4 School of Economics in his 20s. In 1956 he became assistant to E.F. Schumacher, then Acknowledgements 4 Economic Adviser to the National Coal Board, and 10 1 Introduction 4 years later helped him form the Intermediate Technol- Problem 4 ogy Group in London. He left the Coal Board to work Method 5 on small industry development in India, and during his Organization of the Report 5 three years there, started the Appropriate Technology Development Association of India. In 1968 he returned 2 General Considerations 5 to London as an executive Director of the Intermediate The Urban Poor and Health 5 Technology Group. On Schumacher’s death in 1977, Different Strategies for Providing Services 6 McRobie became Chairman of the Group and published Appropriate Technologies for Service Provision 7 Small is Possible, a sequel to Schumacher’s Small is Water Supply 7 Beautiful. Sanitation 8 He has worked for many years as a consultant on ap- Household Garbage 10 propriate technology and rural development in Africa, Costs of Service Options 11 Asia and Latin America. He serves on the governing bodies of Intermediate Technology, the India Develop- 3 Recommendations 12 ment Group, the New Economics Foundation and the Community Involvement and the Role of Soil Association, and two non-profit companies promot- Government 12 ing appropriate technologies in Europe and the Third Design of a Community-Based Programme 13 World, Technology Exchange and the Bureau of Knowl- Implementation of a Community- edge and Finance.
    [Show full text]
  • Farmerprotestsflare Upagain,Manyinjured Inharyanacrackdown
    eye THE SUNDAY EXPRESS MAGAZINE In the Light of Ye sterday KOLKATA,LATECITY Once there wasaKabul that AUGUST29,2021 wasacityofdreamersand 18PAGES,`5.00 poets, kite flyersand (EX-KOLKATA`7,`12INNORTHEASTSTATES&ANDAMAN) children trudging to school DAILY FROM: AHMEDABAD, CHANDIGARH, DELHI, JAIPUR, KOLKATA, LUCKNOW, MUMBAI, NAGPUR, PUNE, VADODARA WWW.INDIANEXPRESS.COM PAGES 13, 14, 15 ED summons BKU ISSUES CALL TO FARMERS TO GATHER to Abhishek, wife; Mamata Farmerprotestsflare says agencies upagain,manyinjured ‘let loose’ inHaryanacrackdown Lathicharge on protestagainsta Abhishek,Rujiraare facing a BJP meetchaired moneylaundering case by CM; Khattar says if violence, EXPRESSNEWSSERVICE NEWDELHI,KOLKATA, ‘police have to act’ AUGUST28 THE ENFORCEMENT Directorate EXPRESSNEWSSERVICE (ED) has summonedsenior Afghans queue up forone of Italy’s lastmilitaryaircraftout of Kabul, Friday. Italysaid it had evacuated 4,890 people in all. Reuters CHANDIGARH,AUGUST28 Trinamool Congress leader and Chief MinisterMamata THE AGITATION againstfarm Police break up the protestatBastara toll plaza, Karnal. Express Banerjee’s nephewAbhishek laws enacted lastyear returned Banerjee and his wifeRujirafor First outreach signal: UNSC drops to the spotlight Saturdaywhen questioning in connection with a Haryana Police crackeddownon case of moneylaundering asso- farmers in Karnal, leaving sev- If someone breaches ciated with alleged pilferageof eral injured in alathicharge at coal from Eastern Coalfield Taliban reference in line on terror the Bastara toll plaza on the na- cordon, make sure has a Limited mines. tional highway. Abhishek,anMPfrom The farmers were protesting Diamond Harbour,has been India chair,itmentionedTaliban on Aug16; onlytalksofAfghan groups Aug27 againstaBJP meeting on the broken head: IAS officer asked to appear before the forthcoming panchayatpolls — Investigating Officer on ity as the chair forthis month.
    [Show full text]