Quality Defining Organizations in India and Their Direct and Indirect Role-In Life for Maintaining the Standard of Leaving: a Review Article

QUALITY DEFINING ORGANIZATIONS IN INDIA AND THEIR DIRECT AND INDIRECT ROLE-IN LIFE FOR MAINTAINING THE STANDARD OF LEAVING: A REVIEW ARTICLE

Dr.G.R.Bhagure Department of Chemistry, Satish Pradhan Dnyanasadhana College,Thane

Abstract:

Basic needs of human beings are food ,house and cloth, however with growing age of technology needs changes and increases too. Indian Government has been developed standards for all types essential and non-essential articles, require for human being. These standards regulate the manufacture, storage, distribution, sale and import to ensure availability of safe and wholesome for direct and indirect consumption. The various standards / certification marks and standard controlling organization commissioned and exist in India are; The Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO), The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI),AGMARK, The FPO mark, India Organic, VEGETARIAN MARK, A Geographical Indication (GI) Mark, ISI Mark for product Certification (Bureau of Indian Standards),ECO MARK, SYSTEM CERTIFICATION UNDER BIS, SILK MARK,NON POLLUTING VEHICLE MARK, Toxicity label, BIS Hallmark, BEE STAR Mark etc. These certification mark/ regulation of product through statutory bodies is mandatory to sale any product in India.

Keywords: Certification mark, FSSAI, Agmark, BIS hallmark, FPO, BEE hallmark.

Introduction: Human Beings require a number of products for direct and indirect use. Direct Consumable products related with health safety and efficacy whereas indirect consumable products should provide a safety environment for intended use. There are four main customer needs that an entrepreneur or small business must consider. These are price, quality, choice, and convenience. With the growing age of technology, social media, and Customers reviews, customers need changes with respect to product requirements and can be stated with the following points; 1. Functionality 2. Price 3. Convenience 4. Experience 5. Design 6. Reliability 7. Performance 8. Efficiency 9. Compatibility 10. Empathy 11. Fairness 12. Transparency 13. Control 14. Options 15. Information 16. Accessibility

A customer buys a product or service for unique, individual values, real or perceived, they believe that it will help them fulfill. Any article when a customer thinks to buy he looks into how creative or artistic and unlocks other personal or professional artistic opportunities. These reasons for purchasing something can vary from customer to customer. In order to fulfill the demand of users in India and abroad, Indian Government implemented standards for the system/ process as well as products that are manufactured through this process. All these rules, regulations, and standards are laid down by the Indian Government as per the Provision made in Indian constitution. Article 21 of the Constitution of India1, 1950 provides that, “No person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to procedure established by law.” ‘Life’ in Article 21 of the Constitution is not merely the physical act of breathing. It does not connote mere animal existence or continued drudgery through life. It has a much wider meaning which includes right to live with human dignity, right to livelihood, right to health, right to pollution free air, etc. In order to have trade across the border as well as in India every company /system has to standardize the product or system according to standards developed by Indian Government. The standards developed by Indian governments are applicable to Health care products Pharmaceutical products, Cosmetics, Process food, Agriculture process food, Fruit process products, Confectionery, Gems and Jewelries, Paints and pigments, Silks, Industrial products where in safety and efficacy is required.

Currently 31 products2 are exported from India, these are; Refined petroleum, Mineral fuels, Gems, precious stones, Machinery and mechanical appliances, Cars, Organic chemicals, Pharmaceutical products, Electrical machinery and equipments, Iron,& steel ,Cotton, Clothing, Kinds of cereals, Seafood, Plastics, Textile, apparel and accessories, Aluminium, Meat and edible, meat offal, Miscellaneous chemical products, Coffee, &Tea ,Spices, Ships and marine equipment , Nuclear reactors and related equipment, Aircraft, Spacecraft, and parts thereof, Rice, Jewellery, Diamonds, Automobile parts and accessories, Phone system devices, Footwear, Rubber and Linen. Products to be exported should be qualitative in all aspects, every Industry has own setup or some of them are hiring services to maintain the quality of products through operations which are carried out in Quality Control Laboratory. In view of prime conditions and requirements to maintain the quality of the product, Indian government has laid down criteria’s through the Standard Control organization in every segment of the products manufacturing. Currently the products are certified by various marks such as Agmark, FPO mark, Geographical Indications marks, India Organic, ISI mark, ECO mark, Silk Mark, Non Polluting Vehicle mark, Vegetarian mark, Toxicity label etc. In case of pharmaceutical products , (CDSCO) organization looks after quality as well as regulation. In the present paper author has taken the comprehensive review of these quality control organization which will orient and create awareness amongst the customers the users in all aspects.

1. The Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO): This Organization (CDSCO)3 comes under Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India. It is the National Regulatory Authority (NRA) of India. Under the Drug and Cosmetics Act, the regulation of manufacture, sale and distribution of Drugs is primarily the concern of the State authorities while the Central Authorities are responsible for approval of New Drugs, Clinical Trials in the country, laying down the standards for Drugs, control over the quality of imported Drugs, coordination of the activities of State Drug Control Organizations and providing expert advice with a view of bring about the uniformity in the enforcement of the Drugs and Cosmetics Act. The Drugs & Cosmetics4 Act,1940 and rules 1945 have shouldered the responsibilities to central & state regulators for regulation of drugs & cosmetics. It envisages uniform implementation of the provisions of the Act & Rules made there under for ensuring the safety, rights and well being of the patients by regulating the drugs and cosmetics. CDSCO looks after transparency, accountability and uniformity in its services in order to ensure safety, efficacy and quality of the medical product manufactured, imported and distributed in the country. Under the Drugs and Cosmetics Act, CDSCO is responsible for approval of Drugs, Conduct of Clinical Trials, laying down the standards for Drugs, control over the quality of imported Drugs in the country and coordination of the activities of State Drug Control Organizations by providing expert advice with a view of bring about the uniformity in the enforcement of the Drugs and Cosmetics Act. Further CDSCO along with state regulators, is jointly responsible for grant of licenses of certain specialized categories of critical Drugs such as blood and blood products, I. V. Fluids, Vaccine and Sera. For smooth conducting the activities related with grant of licenses of certain drugs and uniform operations of all Pharmaceutical Industries CDSCO have six zonal offices, four sub zonal offices. Thirteen Port offices and seven laboratories spread across the country

2. The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI): This organization has been established under Food Safety and Standards5, 2006 which consolidates various acts & orders that have hitherto handled food related issues in various Ministries and Departments. Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India is the Administrative Ministry for the implementation of FSSAI. FSSAI came into existence to control the quality of food and food products. FSSAI has been developed standards for articles of food and to regulate their manufacture, storage, distribution, sale and import to ensure availability of safe and wholesome food for human consumption. Before Food Safety and Standards Act5, 2006, the various act which was enforce up to 2006 were; Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, 1954, Fruit Products Order, 1955, Meat Food Products Order,1973,Vegetable Oil Products (Control) Order, 1947,Edible Oils Packaging (Regulation)Order 1988, Solvent Extracted Oil, De- Oiled Meal and Edible Flour (Control) Order, 1967, Milk and Milk Products Order, 1992 etc. All these law was repealed after commencement of Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006. The Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006 (Act No. 34 of 2006), published in the Gazette of India (Extraordinary) Part I, Section 1 dated 24th August, 2006. Following principal regulations were notified and came into force on 01.08.2011. a. The Food Safety and Standards (Licensing and Registration of Food Businesses) Regulations, 2011, b. The Food Safety and Standards (Packaging and Labeling) Regulations, 2011, c. The Food Safety and Standards (Food Products Standards and Food Additives) Regulations, 2011, d. The Food Safety and Standards (Prohibition and Restrictions on Sales) Regulations, 2011, e. The Food Safety and Standards (Contaminants, Toxins and Residues) Regulations, 2011. FSSAI aims to establish a single reference point for all matters relating to food safety and standards, by moving from multi- level, multi- departmental control to a single line of command. Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India is the Administrative Ministry for the implementation of FSSAI. FSSAI has been mandated by the FSS Act, 20065 for performing the following functions;

INTERNATIONALJOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARYEDUCATIONALRESEARCH ISSN:2277-7881; IMPACT FACTOR :6.514(2020); IC VALUE:5.16; ISI VALUE:2.286 www.ijmer.in Peer Reviewed and Refereed Journal:VOLUME:9, ISSUE:12(5), December:2020 a) Framing of Regulations to lay down the Standards and guidelines in relation to articles of food and specifying appropriate system of enforcing various standards thus notified. b) Setting mechanisms and guidelines for accreditation of certification bodies engaged in certification of food safety management system for food businesses. c) Laying down procedure and guidelines for accreditation of laboratories and notification of the accredited laboratories. d) To provide scientific advice and technical support to Central Government and State Governments in the matters of framing the policy and rules in areas which have a direct or indirect bearing of food safety and nutrition. e) Collect and collate data regarding food consumption, incidence and prevalence of biological risk, contaminants in food, residues of various, and contaminants in foods products, identification of emerging risks and introduction of rapid alert system. f) Creating an information network across the country so that the public, consumers, Panchayats etc. receive rapid, reliable and objective information about food safety and issues of concern. g) Provide training programmes for persons who are involved or intend to get involved in food businesses. Contribute to the development of international technical standards for food, sanitary and phyto-sanitary standards. Promote general awareness about food safety and food standards. Thus FSSAI helps to regulate and it also supervises the functioning of the food businesses in India, and to monitor and to promote public health. It is thus mandatory for all the food business operators, distributors, retailers and the storage houses to get an FSSAI license.

3. AGMARK The term AGMARK was coined by joining the words 'Ag' to mean agriculture and 'mark' for a certification mark. This term was introduced originally in the bill presented in the parliament of India for the Agricultural Produce (Grading and Marking) Act6. The entire system of Agmark, including the name, was created by Archibald MacDonald Livingstone7, Agricultural and Marketing Advisory to the Government of India, from 1934 to 1941. AGMARK is a certification mark employed on agricultural products in India, assuring that they conform to a set of standards approved by the Directorate of Marketing and Inspection an attached Office of the Department of Agriculture, Cooperation and Farmers Welfare under Ministry of Agricultural & Farmers Welfare an agency of the Government of India8,9,10. The AGMARK Head Office is located at Faridabad (Haryana), is legally enforced in India by the Agricultural Produce (Grading and Marking) Act of 1937 (and amended in 1986)8. The present AGMARK standards cover quality guidelines for 222 different commodities spanning a variety of pulses, cereals, essential oils, vegetable oils, fruits and vegetables and semi-processed products like vermicelli. The type and number of agricultural products requires AGMARK are presented in table-1 Table-1 AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS REQUIRES AGMARK Sr. No. Type of Agricultural Products Number of Agricultural Products 1. Food grain and allied products 30 2. Fruits and Vegetables 51 3. Spices and condiments 27 4. Edible Nuts 8 5. Oil Seeds 17 6. Vegetable Oils and Fats-19 19 7. Oil cakes 8 8. Essential oils 8 9. Fiber crops 5 10. Livestock, Dairy, and poultry products 10 11. Other products 30 12. TOTAL 213 In order to certify the agricultural products in India, the quality is tested in the state-owned Agmark laboratories located across the nation which act as testing and certifying centers. Apart from this the Central AGMARK Laboratory (CAL) in Nagpur, there are Regional AGMARK Laboratories (RALs) in 11 nodal cities (Mumbai, New Delhi, Chennai, Kolkata, Kanpur, Kochi, Guntur, Amritsar, Jaipur, Rajkot, Bhopal)11.Each of the regional laboratories is equipped with and specializes in the testing of products of regional significance. Hence the product range that could be tested varies across the centers12. I order to have AGMARK on the products, the organisation needs to apply application along with; A copy of the test report which is duly authenticated, and other essential documents and processing fees, details given on website8.

AGMARK on food products give legal advantage as per the quality certification for agricultural produce by the Government of India. It also gives comparable in the international market the grading standards are fixed keeping in view the terms of WTO. The role of FSSA and AGMARK can be understood by referring table-2 in brief;

Table-2 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN FSSAI AND AGMARK

Basis AGMARK FSSAI Meaning AGMARK is a certification made for all the FSSAI is established as a regulatory body under the Food agricultural products in India. safety and standard act of 2006 for inspecting the quality of food products. Establishment Established under agriculture produce i.e grading and Established under the Food safety and standard Act, 2006. marking the act of India, 1937. Role It is employed on agricultural products in India It lays down science-based standards for articles food to assuring that they conform to a set of Standard regulate their manufacturing, storage, distribution, sale, approved by Directorate of Marking and Inspection an and import to ensure availability of safe and wholesome agency of the government of in India food for human consumption. Basic Certification Inspection of Agency Allotment The allotment is done after various analyses. The allotment is done on the basis of turnover and activity. Coverage The present AGMAR standards cover quality It covers all the food products for some standards have guidelines for 205 different commodities spanning a prescribed while a lot of them have to abide by the variety of Pulses, Cereals, essential oils, vegetable oil, different provisions of law. etc.

4.0 The FPO mark The FPO mark is a certification mark mandatory on all processed fruit products sold in India such as packaged fruit beverages, fruit-jams, squashes, pickles, dehydrated fruit products, and fruit extracts, following the Food Safety and Standards Act of 2006.FPO mark issues by Ministry of Food Processing Industries of the Government of India13. The standards have been in force since 1955 by the law of Fruit Products Order, after which the mark is named, but the mark itself got a mandatory status only after the Food Safety and Standards Act of 200614,15. The FPO mark guarantees that the product was manufactured in a hygienic 'food-safe' environment, thus ensuring that the product is fit for consumption. A FPO license is necessary to start a fruit processing industry in India16. 5.0 India Organic: The 'India Organic' certification mark certifies that an organic food product conforms to the National Standards for Organic Products17 established in 2000. The certification is issued by testing centers accredited by the Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA)17. Under the National Program for Organic Production of the Government of India18, 19. India Organic standards ensures that the product or the raw materials used in the product were grown through organic farming, without the use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, or induced hormones. Even though the standards are in effect since 2000, the certification scheme and hence the certification mark came into existence in 200218.Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) in December 2017 introduced the Jaivik Bharat logo to help customers identify authentic organic food20. 6.0 VEGETARIAN MARK: Package food and toothpaste products to be sold in India are required to be labelled with a mandatory mark in order to be distinguished between lacto-vegetarian and non-vegetarian21. This symbol is compulsory according to Food Safety and Standards (Packaging and Labelling) Act of 2006, and got a mandatory status after the framing of the respective regulations (Food Safety and Standards [Packaging and Labelling] Regulation) in 2011.[1] According to this law, vegaterian food should be identified by a green symbol and non-vegetarian food with a brown symbol21. 7.0 A Geographical Indication (GI) Mark: A geographical indication (GI)22 is a sign used on products that have a specific geographical origin and possess qualities or a reputation that are due to that origin. In order to function as a GI, a sign must identify a product as originating in a given place. In addition, the qualities, characteristics or reputation of the product should be essentially due to the place of origin. Since the qualities depend on the geographical place of production, there is a clear link between the product and its original place of production. Geographical indications are typically used for agricultural products, foodstuffs, wine and spirit drinks, handicrafts, and industrial products. A number of international treaties deal partly or entirely with the protection of geographical indications or appellations of origin. Below are links to relevant treaties administered by WIPO, as well as to the World Trade Organization’s22 Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS). Popular examples of possible Indian Geographical Indications23 are Basmati Rice, Darjeeling Tea, kanchipuram silk saree, Nagpur orange, Kolhapuri chappal, Bikaneri bhujia, Agra petha. The benefit of registration of geographical indications; are to offer legal protection to Geographical Indications in India, It Prevents unauthorized use of a Registered Geographical Indication by others, It also provides legal protection to Indian Geographical Indications which in turn boost exports and promotes economic prosperity of producers of goods produced in a geographical territory.

8.0 Bureau of Indian Standards: Department of Industries and Supplies issuing a memorandum on 03 September 1946, formally announcing the to establish an organization called the “Indian Standards Institution”. Actually the draft of ISI was prepared Institution of Engineers (India). The Indian Standards Institution (ISI) came into being on the 06 January 1947 and in June 1947. ISI is an initialism of Indian Standards Institution, This national standards body was working for India until 1 January 1987.After this, Indian Standards Institutionwas renamed as the Bureau of Indian Standards. BIS has been in the product certification since 1955 and System or process certification from 2016. A) ISI Mark for product Certification (Bureau of Indian Standards) : The ISI mark is given as quality hallmark for industrial products in India since 1955. The mark certifies that a product conforms to an Indian standard (IS) developed by the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS), the national standards body of India. The ISI mark is mandatory for certain products to be sold in India, such as many of the electrical appliances24 like switches, electric motors, wiring cables, heaters, kitchen appliances, etc., and other products like Portland cement, LPG valves, LPG cylinders, automotive tyres25etc. In the case of most other products, ISI marks are optional26,27.The ISI certified products carries 7-digit licence number (of the format CM/L-xxxxxxx, where x signifies a digit from the license number) required by BIS; and (ii) the IS number on top of the ISI mark which signifies the Indian standard a particular product is in compliance with28. If the product having number of components ,in this case all the components should carry ISI mark , then and then manufacture can print ISI mark on the product with valid 7-digit license number. Currently there are 297 ISI standards developed by BIS. 1. The BIS Product Certification Scheme is unbiased and open to manufacturers in all countries. Textiles 2. Chemicals and Pesticides 3. Rubber and Plastic products 4. Cement and concrete products 5. Building materials 6. Pumping, irrigation, drainage and sewage equipment 7. Pipes and fittings for water supply 8. Basic metals and fabricated metal products 9. Machinery and equipment 10. Electrical, electronics and optical equipment 11. Automotive components 12. Agriculture, food and tobaccos 13. Black tea and beverages 14. Packaged drinking water and Natural mineral water 15. Leather products 16. Wood products 17. Paper and pulp products 18. Testing instruments Following different scheme is suggested by BIS for Certification; a) Scheme-I (Mark scheme (ISI mark ) b) Scheme-II (Registration Scheme) c) Scheme IV (Grant Of Certificate Of Conformity) d) Licensees under FMCS 338 products are under compulsory certification of ISI marking scheme under BIS, 63 products from Electronics and IT Goods under ‘Compulsory Registration Scheme’ for Self Declaration of conformity-Notified by Ministry Of Electronics And Information Technology, 8 products related to Solar Photovoltaics, Systems, Devices and Components under Compulsory Registration Scheme- Notified by Ministry Of New and Renewable Energy. Up till now BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS has issued 1081 Licences to foreign manufacturer under Indian standard (BIS) .

B) ECO MARK The Government of India launch a scheme for labeling of environment friendly products to be known as ECO Mark29. The whole process of the scheme is being administered by the Bureau of Indian Standards. Under the Ecomark Scheme various product categories covers like Soaps and Detergents, Paints, Food Items, lubricating oils, Packaging materials/Package, Architectural Paints and Powder Coatings, Batteries, Electrical and electronic goods, Food Additives, Wood Substitutes, Cosmetics, Aerosols and Propellants, Plastic Products, Textiles, Fire-extinguisher, Leather and Coir & Coir Products. The Scheme is being operated on a national basis and provides certification and labeling for house-hold and other consumer products which meet certain environmental criteria along with quality requirements prescribed in relevant Indian Standards for the product. For the implementation of the scheme, BIS is responsible for the following functions: i) Assessment of the product for ECO

Mark, certification of the product for award of ECO Mark. ii) Renewal, suspension and cancellation of the licence. iii) Products certified as eligible for the ECO Mark shall also carry the ISI Mark (except for leather) for quality, safety and performance of the product and shall be licensed to carry the ECO Mark for a prescribed time period after which it shall be reassessed. iv) Undertaking inspections and taking samples for analysis of any material or substance in relation to which the BIS – ECO Mark has been used as may be necessary for proper implementation of ECO Mark. For this purpose the Standard Mark of Bureau would be a single mark having a combination of the ISI Mark and the ECO Logo.

C) SYSTEM CERTIFICATION UNDER BIS Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) is National Standards Body of India30.BIS act was came in force as BIS act 2016. BIS issues management system certification licence. With the help of a well qualified and trained pool of auditors Bureau of Indian standards issuing certification to the system or process. The QMS, EMS & FSMS Certification is accredited from NABCB for various scope of sectors. The certification of an organisation by BIS will help the organisation to increase the business and name and fame of an organisation in the market A management system is the way in which an organization manages its business in order to, It is a third party certification of Management system of an organization to demonstrate its capability to meet the requirements of a management system standard. BIS offers following 15 types of Management system certifications offered by BIS 1) IS/ISO 9001 (Quality Management System) Certification 2) IS/ISO 14001 (Environmental Management system) Certification 3) IS/ISO 45001 (Occupational Health & Safety Management System ) Certification 4) IS/ISO 22000 ( Food safety Management System) certification 5) IS/ISO 50001 ( Energy Management system) Certification 6) IS/ISO 13485 ( Medical Devices Quality Management System) certification 7) IS/ISO 39001 ( Road Traffic Safety Management System) Certification 8) IS/ISO 21101 (Adventure Tourism Safety Management System) Certification 9) IS/ISO 21001( Educational Organization Management System) Certification 10) IS/SO 37001 ( Anti Bribery Management system) Certification 11) IS/ISO 27001 ( Information Security Management system) Certification 12) IS 15700 ( Service Quality Management system by public service providing organizations) Certification 13) IS 15000 HACCP Certification 14) IS 23485 ( Medical Devices Quality Management System and essential principles of safety & performance) certification 15) IS 16001 (Social Accountability Management system) Certification BIS offers two other type of certification i.e. RMC certification & Integrated Milk certification This is a combination certification of Food Safety Management System (FSMS ) & product certification of Pasteurised milk pouches ( ISI Mark) . In this certification, Food safety management system of a dairy is assessed from milk collection at the farmer point to delivery to the retail centre. Conformance of pasteurised milk pouch against IS 13668 is also verified. Thus providing the common consumer a complete solution to Quality & food safety of pasteurised milk pouches. The dairies can enhance their brand image and market share with the help of very popular Quality certification Mark of BIS i.e. ISI MARK IMS or Integrated Management system certification is a combination of two more management system certification. Most popular IMS certification is for QMS, EMS & OHSMS certifications. In IMS certification single documentation is used and one audit to verify implementation of two or more different management system standard. This type of certification saves lots of time and money for the organization 9.0 SILK MARK India is the second largest producer of silk in the world. It provides employment to over 8.25million people in the country. There are five major types of silk of commercial importance, obtained from different species of silkworms. These are Mulberry, Oak Tasar & Tropical Tasar, Muga and Eri31. Except for mulberry, other non-mulberry varieties of silks are wild silks, known as vanya silks. India has the unique distinction of producing all these commercial varieties of silk. South India is the leading silk producing area of the country and is also known for its famous silk weaving enclaves like Kancheepuram, Dharmavaram, Arni, etc32. Consumers and traders of genuine silk demanded that the Central Silk Board introduce measures to bring in fair practices to the trade. As a response to those demands, Silk Mark was launched on 17th June 2004. The certification scheme was founded by the Central Silk Board in 200433, 34, 35. Silk Mark is promoted by Silk Mark Organization of India (SMOI), a registered society under the Karnataka Society Act 196036 .SMOI is an initiative of the Central Silk Board, Ministry of Textiles, and the Government of India37. The Silk Mark labels are in the form of paper hangtags and sew-in labels. These are affixed only on pure silk products by the authorized users of Silk Mark. Each label has a hologram and a unique number printed on it, which helps the consumer trace the product back to the authorized user. The certification process assures the consumer a facility for free testing of the marked product in Silk Mark Chapters (accredited labs) in case of doubt38. Silk Mark is here to help you to identify pure silk. The silk consumer has long struggled to identify pure silk among numerous other fibers just like the consumer of gold had difficulty recognizing its purity before the introduction of hallmarks. Objective of silk mark39

INTERNATIONALJOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARYEDUCATIONALRESEARCH ISSN:2277-7881; IMPACT FACTOR :6.514(2020); IC VALUE:5.16; ISI VALUE:2.286 www.ijmer.in Peer Reviewed and Refereed Journal:VOLUME:9, ISSUE:12(5), December:2020 is to Protect the interests of the consumer, Protect the interest of genuine traders and manufacturers of Silk, and Generic Promotion of Natural Silk 10.0 NON POLLUTING VEHICLE MARK: Bharat stage emission standards (BSES) are emission standards instituted by the Government of India to regulate the output of air pollutants from compression ignition engines and Spark-ignition engines equipment, including motor vehicles. The standards, based on European regulations were first introduced in 2000. The standards and the timeline for implementation are set by the Central Pollution Control Board under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change40. According to this standard organisation every new Motor vehicle old in India requires the Non-Polluting Vehicle mark. The mark certifies that the motor vehicle conforms to the relevant version of the Bharat stage emission standards (BSES)41,42. This certification for a brand new vehicle has a limited validity of 6 months from the date of sale of the vehicle. After this, the vehicle has to be tested afresh. The vehicle is tested in the car companies’ garage during the years maintenance and a renewed certificate has to be obtained. The certificate thus issued on a used vehicle is the Pollution under Control certificate. The sticker can be removed after the buying the vehicle. To regulate the pollution emitted by cars and two-wheelers, the government of India has placed forth regulations known as Bharat Stage Emission Standards (BSES). The Central government has mandated that every vehicle manufacturer, each two-wheels and four- wheels, ought to manufacture, sell and register solely BS6 (BSVI) vehicles from 1 April 202043. 11.0 Toxicity label According to Insecticide act 1968 and 1971 it is compulsory to label pesticide and insecticide by particular colour label to indicate toxicity level. Red label, yellow label, blue label and green label are mandatory labels to be employed on pesticide containers in India .This colour lebel shows identification about the level of Toxicity44-46. The labelling follows a general scheme as laid down in the Insecticides Rules, 1971, and contains information such as brand name, name of manufacturer, name of the antidote in case of accidental consumption etc. A major aspect of the label is a color mark which represents the toxicity of the material by a color code. Thus the labelling scheme proposes four different colour labels: viz red, yellow, blue, and green. Red label indicates extremely toxic, yellow label indicates highly toxic, blue label indicates moderately toxic and green label indicates slightly toxic. 12.0 BIS Hallmark: Bureau of Indian Standards brought the hallmarking system called as The BIS hallmark. This hallmarking system used for gold as well as silver Jewellery to be sold in India . It is certifying the purity of the metal47-48. It certifies that the piece of jewellery conforms to a set of standards laid by the Bureau of Indian Standards. The BIS system of hallmarking of gold jewellery began in April 2000. Bureau of Indian Standards brought standard for gold and other precious metal purity and its guaranty to customers and end user for sale in Indian market.Bureau of Indian Standards laid down standards and are presented in Table-4 Table-4 STANDARD FOR GOLD AND OTHER PRECIOUS METAL BY BIS Sr.No. IS Standard Purpose of Standard 1 IS 1417 For Grades of Gold and Gold Alloys, Jewellery/Artefacts, 2 IS 1418 For assaying Gold alloys, Gold Jewellery/Artefacts Gold in Gold Bullion i.e. Gold metals in the form of bars, ingots, or specialized coins that is said to maintain its worth better than conventional currencies and is therefore kept as a form of emergency currency by both governments and private citizens alike. 3 IS 2790 Guidelines for Manufacture of 23,22,21,20,19,19,17,16,14 and 9 carat Gold Alloys), 4 IS 3095 Gold solders for use in manufacture of jewellery49 5 IS 2112 (2005) the standard specification for 'Hallmarking of Silver Jewellery/Artefacts'.

The BIS hallmark BIS hallmark for gold jewelry consists of The BIS logo, Purity of Gold either one of this 22K916 Corresponding to 22 Carat, 18K750 Corresponding to 18 Carat and 14K585 Corresponding to 14 Carat, Logo of the assaying center, Logo/code of the jeweler. In order to assign BIS Hallmark, BIS has approved private Laboratories which will work for assaying the purity as well as Hallmarking. Across the country there are statewide and district wise private Laboratories are approved by BIS for BIS Hallmark. The mandatory status of hallmarking gold jewelry sold in India, although declared, is yet to be implemented. It will mandatory across the country from January 15, 202149. But it has a wide acceptance among consumers. 13.0 BEE STAR Mark: Government of India created the agency, Bureau of Energy Efficiency in March 2002 under the provisions of the nation's 2001 Energy Conservation Act50. The agency's function is to develop programs which will increase the conservation and efficient use of energy in India51. The scheme was launched by the Hon'ble Minister of Power in May, 2006. The government has proposed to make it mandatory for certain appliances in India to have ratings by the BEE starting in January 201052. The mission of Bureau of Energy Efficiency is to "institutionalise" energy efficiency services, enable delivery mechanisms in

INTERNATIONALJOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARYEDUCATIONALRESEARCH ISSN:2277-7881; IMPACT FACTOR :6.514(2020); IC VALUE:5.16; ISI VALUE:2.286 www.ijmer.in Peer Reviewed and Refereed Journal:VOLUME:9, ISSUE:12(5), December:2020 the country and provide leadership to energy efficiency in all sectors of the country. The primary objective would be to reduce energy and save the economy. The scheme is made mandatory in 2006 for following 10 products53-55; 1) Frost Free (No-Frost) Refrigerator 2) Tubular Fluorescent Lamps 3) Room Air Conditioners 4) Distribution Transformer 5) RAC (Cassette, Floor Standing Tower, Ceiling, Corner AC) 6) Direct Cool Refrigerator 7) Electric Geysers 8) Color TV 9) IAC Variable capacity Air Conditioners ) 10) LED lamps There are many organisation which wants to highlight their products for energy efficiency however for such products BEE have recommended Voluntary Scheme for 16 products 1) Induction Motors 2) Agricultural Pump Sets 3) Ceiling Fans 4) Domestic Liquefied Petroleum Gas(LPG) Stoves 5) Washing Machine 6) Computer (Notebook /Laptops) 7) Ballast (Electronic/Magnetic) 8) Printer, Copier, Scanner, MFD’s). 9) Diesel Engine Driven Monoset Pumps for Agricultural Purposes 10) Solid State Inverter 11) Diesel Generator 12) Chillers 13) Microwave Ovens 14) Solar Water Heaters 15) Light Commercial Air conditioners 16) Deep Freezers

Acknowledgement:

Author wish to express the gratitude towards Indian Government to make available all the directives and essential instruction on Website of various Standard Control Organisation. Information available on website use to write this article.

References

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