Smisby Conservation Area

Character Statement

2014

SOUTH DERBYSHIRE DISTRICT COUNCIL LullingtonSmisby ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement

3 7 8 1 1 2 3 10 10 13 16

Contents

Conservation Area Building Materials and Details and Materials Building Approaches Landmarks and Views Spaces Historic Development Historic

details architectural Distinctive Appendix Map Area Conservation  Description Area Conservation Damage and Loss    Area of Archaeological Potential Archaeological of Area Analysis Area Conservation  Introduction Summary Smisby LullingtonSmisby ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement   as follows: summarised be can Smisby characteristics of distinctive The terraced ofcottages. groups of number and frontage, a road of 17 series a late by of characterised farmhouses, is imposing street main The village. the of the end on west sit the which at ground house, high manor adjacent and church parish its by dominated is village The their of evidence exhibit of self frequently way the in little buildings is There centuries. the the over redevelopment and Derbyshire, reconstruction evolution, South Harpur in the of many villages with As estate village. estate an of that not is however, identity, Its off ownership. estate sold in still was are buildings and of handful 1660 a Only from onwards. 1950s Estate the from Harpur gradually the by owned was village the of majority The settlers. early for location subtle The agriculture. defensive a and point vantage for good a provided Wolds” “Ashby land the over height in advantage productive good, was and sandstone permeable” ”highly as classified is It Lane. Forties on outcrops small as Smisby within seen be can it and Ashby fine and colour reddish its by distinguished Sandstone, Bromsgrove of band a on sits village The off. feelcut Smisby make roads, which enclosure featureless thinly via approached south a on south in lies Smisby Summary on Council District Derbyshire future South 1978. July 13th by designated for was Area Conservation professional opportunities Smisby The making thus when and Council the interest by special used be that applications. development of merits the on judgements will to document This damage enhancement. of degree assesses also Itthe protection. of worthy Smisby of appearance and character the makes that It Council. District Derbyshire South with, association in and for, Conservation Morris Mel by produced been has statement This Introduction Smisby

- rie caatr Tee r bns f adtn otrpig n hs ra ot of north area this in outcropping sandstone of bands are There character. grained (Chapel Street), which meet at the parish church meet parish atthe which Street), (Chapel street back narrow a and Street Main winding a with form plan medieval nucleated a quiet and peaceful with little through traffic little with peaceful through and quiet - conscious estate design and estate building features are generally quite subtle. generally are features estate building and design conscious estate Conservation Area Conservation - aig ilie vrokn te akt on f Ashby of town market the overlooking hillside facing

- east Derbyshire, only half a kilometre from the Leicestershire border, Leicestershire the from kilometre a half only Derbyshire, east -

ouae fre cmo ln, hc i taesd y tagt and straight by traversed is which land, common former populated

th

century and early 18 early and century sets out the special historic and architectural interest architectural and historic special the out sets 1

th

century design, set back from the from back set design, century

- de - la - oc. t is It Zouch.

- Crewe LullingtonSmisby ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement

2 facing aspect -

form evidence of the settlement. It has been carried -

knit development of cottages alternating with a few large farmhouses set within - small groups of three or more terraced labourers cottages cottages more of three labourers groups terraced small or sandstone rubble boundary walls of occurring building red the same andbrick,a soft in both mixture often of sandstone contours taking advantage of a south taking advantage contours a strong sense of enclosure with plain brick back of the pavement boundary the walls lining elevations of buildings and tall, simple there is a concentration of mature trees, wide verges and grassed embankments and grassed mature of a there wide is trees, concentration verges tight plots spacious a densely developed core where buildings are built in rows running parallel with the rural setting, with leafy rural approaches from the west fromrural the rural approaches with leafy setting, village end of the verdant west at the character wherechurch the around of St. James,

Record Officer at Derbyshire County County Council. Record Officer at Derbyshire An area of archaeological potential may encompass both statutory designations (including Scheduled Ancient Monuments and Registered Historic Parks and Gardens) and other An area of archaeological potential has been defined through an assessment of the known archaeological, documentary and plan out as part of the Archaeologist, review of the each Development conservation Control area Archaeologist in and consultation the with Sites the County and Monuments Area of Area of Archaeological Potential         LullingtonSmisby ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement nlsr Aad it fu mi fehles I patc ti mat ht hr ws little was there that meant this practice In freeholders. 20 main the four until lists village Award the Enclosure within freeholders were of there and handful parish a the in only land the of ownership on grip firm a maintained family The 1978. was sold in Harpur the of hands the in remained It farm. tenanted a was it whilst constructed been have would buildings surrounding the of Many farm. tenanted a became main The south. the house manor old Kendall's to the 1660, from so hand, at close was family Ashby Harpur the of house of views good commanding and sandstone, of outcrop an tower tall, handsome, a is It 14 the from 16 siteare church, the of west immediate the this to lying building, standing the of on origins house manor a probably was There of ancestors of Harpur the Calke. John Sir to 1660 in sold was it until family Kendall the with remained it and 1560 about in family the of branch senior the from Smisby of manor the bought Kendall George family. Kendall the to marriage, by passed, manor the when 1500s early the until remained 13 mid the In mile. square 1 over name the tojust equates which wide, furlongs 6 and long of ½league pasture, woodland of area its large origins for notable The most settlement farming small a was It time. Stafford. of Nigel of lordship the this under before existedwas land the (1086) Domesday At have farm”. smith’s “the meaning Norse, Old are may “Smidesbi” settlement a as Smisby 11 the in documented first is It 19 the in mentioned was well town water”. spring “pure excellent having the and village the in was line spring A soils. agricultural rich relatively its and products, iron of manufacture the for fuel providing of combination a of location, hillside wooded result its ore, iron particular a in deposits, mineral local its as circumstances; largely arisen have to seems Smisby of development The Development Historic Analysis Area Conservation area. conservation the of boundary the with coincide necessarily not need potential archaeological of area an Consequently, shift. may focus their develop, and grow settlements as centuries, the Over that expectation reasonable ground. below be survive may may periods medieval post and/or there medieval the to relating potential evidence archaeological archaeological of area the and/or Within medieval the during activity industrial and settlement post of extent probable the non hne r xaso o te ilg o is am ad ut cnieal tight considerable quite and farms its buildings that is occurrence common A or Street. Main and Street Chapel between squeezed village the of werebuildings ancillary and cottages small as village, the of confines the within development expansion or change - - statutory site information from the Derbyshire Sites and Monuments Record. It shows It Record. Monuments and Sites Derbyshire the from information site statutory medieval periods. periods. medieval

th

etr te ao ws ed y h See fml, n hs hns it hands whose in family, Shepey the by held was manor the century

- like building, of three storeys plus an attic storey, situated on situated storey, attic an plus storeys three of building, like th

century in the Domesday Book but it is quite possible that possible quite is it but Book Domesday the in century

3

th

th etr. h 12 Draft 1827 The century.

etr bt h earliest the but century - Crewe family until it until family Crewe th

etr as century th

century. century. - knit knit LullingtonSmisby ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement

contained (see 1827 - east, east, now Myrtle Lodge - The manor situated house alongside present church. is the house Manor and chapel probably were initially linked until closely the chapel and its endowments given to were the Calke, and Priory thereafter of to Repton. After that time, the development of manor the house c h u and r c h the independent. s i t e w e r e

St. James Church at Smisby at Church St. James century, century, the whole of this eastern garden land

th 4

century,

th Smisby Manor Smisby century, century, the church had been approached from the south via a narrow

th century, probably by the lord of the

th manor in the foreground with a view of the church in buttresses and the a background. small These building walls with have typical Elizabethan or Jacobean stonework, no present. longer This engraving shows that the garden was small and self stone stone walled passage between two separate gardens that appear to have belonged manor to house. the Eventually, part of the garden to the east of the passage was taken into the churchyard and was developed as a new entrance, up a wide flight of steps, which remains today (listed grade II). Later, during the 20 was taken into the churchyard, to create the lofty, open churchyard that we see today. An engraving of Smisby Church of 1790 shows quite clearly the tall walls surrounding the Up until the 19 and it was generally regarded as a parochial chapelry. At the time of the dissolution of the monasteries the chapel was confiscated by the crown and sold on. At some time prior to 1780 the chapel with its endowments was acquired by 1735 survives the showing the Hastings chapel and a family separate farm to and its south a plan of parsonage.of the original the site Farm, may been which have worship worship to save them from having to travel to the parish canons of Repton Priory would church. have taken The services for Augustinian each chapel. was However, the as furthest chapel it from Repton, the Smisby chapel acquired separate rights of baptism and burial of people living in the village but it may have been built on the site of the earlier chapel. In 1271 the chapel became a “chapel of ease”, one of eight dependent on the mother church at Repton. A “chapel of ease” was one where parishioners could to the villagers’ crofts, which were located both behind and between behind the farmhouses. which the villagers’ wereboth to located crofts, A chapel was built in Smisby before the mid 12 manor. The earliest standing part present church of of St. the James is 13 were rebuilt on an identical footprint, a good example being the Methodist Chapel of 1845, which was built on the footprint of a barn and stackyard. Even as late as 1900, very little of the south side of Main Street had been developed. This was traditionally the area devoted LullingtonSmisby ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement e en a hg pit aog h lane. the along points high at seen, be can outcrops Occasional route. the ancient an is through it although time, of worn passage through over than been rather have straight bedrock, to appears channelled and banks, part between cutting deep, a is road hollow (a lane sunken This 1825. in Lane” “Hollow and 1830 in Lane” Forty “The as known the was village, the at of end right), west (pictured Lane Forties the from out radiating roads of Lane. andseries Annwell Street, Lane Forties along Main churchyard a with “nucleated”, is village the of form plan The south the to “tongue” a Ashby with Street Main of side south the on situated crofts were the Smisby Within settlement. medieval the to integral were that spaces important and are “crofts” settlement, The fields. medieval open and planned waste commons, the moors, outlying the of from distinct part containing were as for out smallholding laid enclosed originally an were as They homestead livestock. the of occupier the by used land houses principal the ofparcel thin long, the was “croft”the and homestead the was “toft” with The village. the within associated crofts, as known land, of areas had villages Medieval Common the Crewe. of George Sir ownership land the in the of enclosed, been had side thesouthern the of on time land of the swathe By large a Award Forties. Enclosure The draft at 1825 those as such edges, the on main built dwellings been the had of there and enclosed and Common the from east appropriated been had land time over but area the to large a as off and started It rights. grazing had locals where Common, the was village the of east Street north the To Field). (Broomhill Chapel road Hartshorne the as far as church the of of north the to north immediate the fields Ashby open three to The plough, village. 1) medieval the of the south were of and north lines the to plough both the fields the furrow”, in surviving and “ridge with Smisby, around and agreements enclosure private 19 in the enclosed before been had areas large the although and 1820 1827, in in Act the Award late, quite were Smisby for Award and Act Enclosure The land. fields of open exchanges through the groups into of amalgamated were parts strips the as small enclosed gradually were Act Enclosure 1820 the and period medieval the Between physical no is there Visually Smisby. to joined officially was parishes. different the under grew they that separately evidence it when 1883 until parish Hartshorn within remained Farm, Hillside including village the of end east the at Smisby, in land of fragment a and Hartshorn of parish the of part originally was Smisby of lordship The to thefarm. courtyardrelated separate a with garden, original the of corner the formed have to appears pavilion the and map) enclosure developed to avoid the wet ground of the road below. The road itself must have been a been have high must itself a road The below. probably road the east, of ground footpath wet the the avoid to to a developed field adjacent by the through skirted running is road This - – Ticknall road. Beyond these, to the south, were the villagers’ hayvillagers’ meadows.the were south, Beyond tothe these, road. Ticknall Ticknall road (Park Field), 2) to the south west of the church (Windmill Field) and 3) and Field) (Windmill church west ofthe (Park south 2)tothe road Field), Ticknall th

century. There is plenty of evidence of the medieval open field system in in system field open medieval the of evidence of plenty is There century. - way), set within a within set way), - odd steep wooded, 5

- ee pdsra route pedestrian level - east of the of east

- LullingtonSmisby ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement -

Nelson Place Nelson west west through Smisby had - west. west. Main Street had a - century, century, on the very edge of

View looking down ginnel at at down ginnel looking View th and and early 18

century, probably shortly after the Harpur th

passed passed the village and Forties Lane became - th

6 century century origins. The south side of Chapel Street has

th

or early 18

th 25) 25) was overlaid onto the existing road network and took the focus of - century in origin. The alignment may represent an earlier building line, and

th century.

th with a shortage of available building land, the current buildings that line the pavement may be encroachments onto the road. A large range was described in the 1825 draft Enclosure Chapel Truro as Cottage, Street.ranges One of these survives awardas a “Cart Hovel”. eaves suggesting late 17 distinctive ranges narrow buildings of running parallel with the road. These probably started off life as ancillary buildings to the main farms on the Main Street frontage although many of these buildings cottages. are now One buildings, these of The Cottage, is set back from the road frontage, although it runs parallel probably 17 with it. It has a stone chamfered plinth and is The small buildings that encroachments, built probably from the late 17 hug the north side the open field of (Park Field). None Chapel of the standing Street buildings although appear Rose to were Dene, be Chapel of Street, located any retains great its age central on chimney stack and old sawtooth brick never been a significant thoroughfare it had led, via Forties Lane, up to The Smisby creation Common. of the new road effectively by principally an access road to a nucleated few plan cottages form and of the the village neighbouring is Ticknall fields. road (1820 not The immediately medieval obvious because the main church. fromthe villageaway the Ashby The The present road structure had been laid out between 1820 and 1825 as part of the fields Enclosure and commons. The main road leading from Ashby of the open to Ticknall (the present B5006) was the principal new road and several roads were created to the west, east just north of and Smisby. Although the main road running east This This was once even more densely developed; a terrace of three cottages behind the Smisby Arms, in the area that now forms its car park, was pulled 20 down in the fronting Main Street to create an the back lane. open field beyond (Park Field) easy route to the Clustered between Main Street and Chapel Street and roughly in the centre of the village are a large group of cottages and buildings, built near to The Smisby Arms. properties was a terminating at back the church. Between lane these two streets (now was at least Chapel one access alley or Street), “ginnel”, which is still preserved as Nelson Place. This may have originated as an access path created by the occupiers of properties number of large properties fronting it. suggests The that dating most were evidence built of in the these late larger 17 estate took farmhouses over ownership of the manor and its lands and when they were able to invest village. the in the fabric of Parallel with Main Street and to the rear of the drove road, which originally petered out where it reached the edge of Smisby Smisby Common. reached the edge of it petered where out whichdrove originally road, The Main Street was one of two routes running roughly east LullingtonSmisby ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement em t sie at h vlae Aog hs od te hrce i dmntd y t rural the characterise its hawthorn by and holly dominated of is hedgerows mature character thick, the with fields road, Large this setting. Along it village. although the (B5006), past road slice Ashby to to seems Ticknall the along is Smisby into approach main The Approaches village pub. one than no and more chapel, the or school the either to sustain 20 the in that has meant village of the sizesmall the However, lock the reason this for and authorities, proper the before brought law for confinement of means temporary provide to required often were villages isolated more the particular, In services. these needed therefore it and remote fairly be to considered was village the centuries previous the During chapel. a and had it hamlet a lock a included These with associated properties of 19 the during numbers buildings sustain to managed the only has Smisby Although as known and village the to thewest of village. the windmill local the from separate was This Street. of Main of side south the on stand still which centre the in situated was 19 the well in buildings Town interesting Other The warehouse. a as used is It up. boarded and redundant now is which 1845, in chapel a erected Methodists Wesleyan The VillageHall. current the into built was building old the of fragment a 1979 In School. Sunday and hall parish a to converted was school Crewe’s John Sir and pupils 120 for Council County the by built was It Nursery). Day private a (now had Street Main of school side south the village on rebuilt been the 1905 By children. 60 held 17 a which transforming buildings, school the into on farmhouse century £100 over spent John George Crewe Sir death Sir his after by shortly and founded c1845 Crewe was School National A tall treea lamppost. and fir a memorial, similar or 20 cross a with replaced village been today a has which also map, 1827 the was on denoted there feature, Street Main and Lane Forties of junction the At parish. the within pasture common of availability limited the and rearing stock of importance the of reminder penned temporarily be straying could livestock where enclosure walled a 1880, by pinfold village the of location the was This map. Survey Ordnance 1880 the of date the by disappeared had it although map, Enclosure the on appeared which Lane, Forties and Street Chapel of junction the at located space larger a into Street Main 19 the during meets time one At green. small a is it there where where meets again it out opens where then out and opens Street road Chapel the Lane, Forties down southwards hill the Descending oe io rrl ots no h vlae u aog ote Ln ad nwl Ln. The Lane. Annwell and Lane Forties along run village the into routes rural minor More by supplemented hedges, holly thick the village Street. Main continueinto walls, brick stoneand the entering On landscape. immediate

- up, a pinfold, several pubs, the village school and post office, a church a post office, and school village the pubs, several pinfold, a up,

- n y h “one” Te omr xsec o a ifl i a is pinfold a of existence former The “pounder”. the by in th

century include a steam mill, and the miller’s house, house, miller’s the and mill, steam a include century

Wonder Mill Mill Wonder th

7 century that are more typical of larger villages. larger of typical more are that century

th

in 1857. in th remainon old this sign,although the The HarpurCrewe coatof arms still

century there was a small cottage small a was there century propertyhas changedhands

th - breakers, until they could be could they until breakers,

century it has not been able able has notbeen it century - up was built in 1790. in built was up

th

century war century

LullingtonSmisby ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement

way, way, - range and more - Zouch in the distance the in Zouch - la - de -

sided sided banks, through a tunnel of - approach road along Forties Lane plunges for most of its between high length down trees, as far as the church of St. James, where a hollow out.it immediately was a opens principal This approach, before the new road was created circa 1825, and gives the arrival, greatest sense marked of by which several meet in road front junctions, of features the such church, as and the by war memorial House. Round and the

8

View from the churchyard looking down Main Street & to Ashby & Street Main down looking churchyard the from View Approach into Smisby along Forties Lane Forties along Smisby into Approach document. document. The landform falls away from north to south across the settlement. As a result, there are frequent glimpses of the rooftops of buildings on the rising land. The main views of Every conservation area has a multitude expansive, of changing too views, numerous both to close cover comprehensively section describes in a selection a of general and document more specific views of that are this likely to themselves impress scope. most strongly This in a visitor’s experience of the conservation viewpoints area. Some of referredthe to are included in the conservation area map included in this verges and plump native hedgerows provide a sharp contrast with the red brick and stone buildings boundary walls of Manor Farm as the road rises to the brow of of Smisby Manor.front the hill, just in Views and Landmarks Annwell Lane becomes wider where it enters the conservation area, and wide grassy LullingtonSmisby ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement - narrow and streets lock village The occasion. on sharply direction, change roads the the as unfold views of Picturesque pinchpoints. with curve sections winding shallow the the by confined are views to Street Chapel and Street Main Along village the across winter, the east. immediate in Ashby towards and, churchyard Zouch the from south the to views good enables church the of elevation the and road the above bank high a on lies churchyard the of part south The of north footpath Street. public Chapel the from and Street Chapel from trees the through glimpsed be can tower the cover leaf keyno is there When Lodge. Hillside near B5006 from fewthe off footpath and the House, Ivanhoe a near Street, Main of from end east the visible at village; the within and locations pattern, settlement dense the amidst prominent landmark local a is tower the and village the of west the to bank a on elevated sits James St. of church The beyond fields the and plots village. settingofthe rural emphasises the croft and garden narrow street long, the to degrees 90 often right) (pictured at are run that views buildings These agricultural beyond. former and fields cottages buildings, of rows long the by the channelled to and former and gardens crofts to downhill looking south Street the Main on of buildings side the between glimpsed be can Views across east. tothe village churchyard the the from looking and north looking Street Main from are rooftops Street. Main on short range from prominent up (pictured right) is an important local landmark, but only but landmark, local important an is right) (pictured up

Te ls pyia cneto bten the between connection physical close The .

visible fromvisible the public footpathabove Chapel Street Above Left -

viewof the church towerfromDerby Road - 9

inthe winter the church istower more prominent,

- de - la -

LullingtonSmisby ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement

10 public open space where the elevated position of the village can -

rural spaces. Together with the churchyard on the bank nearby, the junction of Main - Stone Smisby is built on a band of Bromsgrove Sandstone, a pale pinkish brown colour where outcrops. it This is classified as highly permeable sandstone. The area has a series of bands of Local geology and availability way in the village appearanceand in which of Smisby. rangethe The found they of materials of building materials were used in local building details is intricately directly linked with local identity. The appendix lists influenced the the special and typical traditional building details encountered within form the conservation area, and of the local details. vernacular a by provideand supplemented photographs,snapshot to is The main open space in Smisby where Main Street meets Annwell Lane, Chapel Street & Forties Lane Lane Forties & Street Chapel Lane, meets Annwell Street Main where Smisby in space open main The Building Materials and Details beech dominates the junction of Chapel Street and Forties Lane and the green character of the space of the grassed churchyard. risingverges land and the is enhanced by the wide grassy The churchyard is a semi be appreciated. Defining this space are rubblestone boundary the walls tall of Pitts walls Farm, hedges, supplemented of and with Hasbury tall the Cottage, rubblestone which the retain boundary the bank above walls and which altogether of create a striking the enclosure. churchyard, This is one strongest of identity the most within memorable the spaces conservation with area. the A large copper semi the principal within the village.is Street andLane Annwell space open The war memorial (pictured right) is now located at the this centre space, of but this was probably once the site of the village cross. Spaces The wide junctions of the lanes at the west end of the village merge and create informal, LullingtonSmisby ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement would have been made in temporary clamp kilns. Local clays would have also been used to to used been also have would clays Local kilns. clamp temporary in made been have would brick for material Harpur the by owned Ticknall, at pits clay local The a probably was there that brick nearby. and pit kiln marl of indicating extension 1825, in northern Road” a Kiln lane, “Brick small named was A Lane, village. Forties the in material dominant the now is Brick Brickwork window Stone is however, use, doors. Its Farmhouse. and Hillside inlimited Smisby. very and windows Rotherwood both for at seen dressings be can for dressings reserved was stone imported 18 the In Cottage. and Firtree Cottage Hasbury Poplars, The Row, School No.2 Farm, Manor at buildings farm the Street, Chapel old RoseCottage, 1 e.g. Where buildings the of development archaeological economically. the materials illustrating build resulted, different often of has to patchwork desire a enlarged, the or heightened to were rubblestone response of estatebuildings an be to earlier appears It from retained estate. same and the by rubblestone owned Derbyshire also was which South Ticknall, nearby and of Smisby of in prolific region quite was this sections of characteristic distinctive large a is with site the on combined buildings brick of use The of timbera presence indicatethe former occasionally timber of examples surviving no timber been have would buildings earliest The 18 brick. from built early were Smisby The rubblestone. than more material building been have may village 18 the 18 By the of rubblestone. sections still walls retain the in brick in for fashion rubblestone the by of displaced extensive, use The quoins. for incorporated blocks regular larger with rubblestone, from built were cottages older smaller, the of Many 18 the 18 late the in to up stone locally quarried being local was stone that signs no are the There century. of sources Calke the of probably were building the in used 1701 was Abbey (this Hill Pistern north and at north village the to quarries small were there but village the within quarrying stone of sign no is There buff. evenly to from built were in Farm pinkdark from colour in variation wide eroded a with Manor sandstone coursed and heavily church sandstone, The pink soft places. of blocks large the of typical are Farm Manor surrounding walls boundary The stone. local from built were village the within properties standing oldest 160 the along Sandstone Bromsgrove 18 late from the ofDerbyshire part this into brought were tiles, which clay blue Staffordshire the lessthan durable were as they limited, are surviving tiles plain clay red of instances the although tiles, roofing clay produce th

- n 19 and ) er ail ae Fr n Suhod These Southwood. and Farm Hayes Daniel near 4) th

or 19 or

- making supplemented by more localised brick manufacture, where bricks where manufacture, brick localised more by supplemented making th th

centuries, when transportation of heavy goods radically improved, improved, radically goods heavy of transportation when centuries,

centuries.

- framing. Rubblestone plinths can still be seen and may may and seen be still can plinths Rubblestone framing. th

century.

- 7 mte otu. The contour. metre 170 11

-

framed on rubblestone plinths but there are there but plinths rubblestone on framed th th

century brick was more prestigious as a was more brick century

- - - etr ad erin oss within houses Georgian and century Crewe estate, provided a high a provided estate, Crewe east of the the of east framed building. framed th

century. Many of the boundary boundary the of Many century. th

- quality LullingtonSmisby ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement century century wedge lintels were

th

century for structural details such as

th

3 Main Street. Traces -

12

and 19

th

century century on the smaller domestic buildings. This was the simplest

century onwards. Several of the old brick th

th

century. century. There are examples at Pitts Farm, Ivanhoe House and Hillside

th century, century, which are generally moulded and triangular,

and and early 19 th

th

joints, without the need without cut the brick.joints, to the wedge stone lintel. During the commonly first used half in South of Derbyshire the although 19 they had generally died out by around the segmental brick arch. This is found throughout the Main Street, Myrtle village Lodge Farm, Firtree on Cottage and Pitts Farm. buildings It is generally such found in as 3 the 18 and easiest lintel to construct as the taper was accommodated wholly in the mortar

  front front of Ivanhoe House. There are also examples of copings dating from the 19 in redbrick. or blue cills and Lintels types common most The of lintel are: coursed stone walls aroundOrchard. perimetercoursed stone the of The Brick boundary walls appear to village from the late have 17 been introduced into the walls have a moulded stone coping, such as the swept copings in Boundaries The majority of traditional boundaries within the conservation area are formed from rubblestone walls and been on occasion these heightened have rubblestone or is the repaired main building material in there are examples brick. of Although random The The Harpur estate frequently used their rounded buildings and moulded these bricks can in be School seen Row on and the the chimney terrace stacks known at as right). At Nelson Square Nelson they are used in combination Square with square (pictured which the estate buff pots frequently used. “sacrificial” weatherproof coating, e.g. nos. 1 of limewash can still be seen in eaves. sheltered The places, practice such of as limewashing under has cottages now that died were out once and limewashed, many such as Street, rendered. have been Nos.1 and 2 Main Raised Raised brick bands can be found on found a in numberthe 18 of properties, a decorative detail render). by later disguised Farmlatter partially the (both that is In a number of instances brickwork was limewashed to provide a header brick projects to create a decorative effect. In a number of cases the header bricks are laid diagonally to produce a “sawtooth” pattern. There are examples of each of these fashions within Smisby. Several properties incorporate bricks were dentilled laid on brick edge, a eaves detail that where is found the in other estate. villages developed by the Harpur Brickwork was used in the corbelled eaves. early Sometimes, these are 18 plain with several courses above of the other. brick Sometimes they projecting incorporate “dentilled” one brickwork, where each alternate LullingtonSmisby ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement Main Street is wide, with a pavement on both sides, and and sides, both on pavement a with wide, is Street Main Lane. it bends joins where Annwell sharp are there and turns and twists road The church. the towards street. the old The of character picturesque the to contributes enclosure of pattern intermittent The pavement. the of edge the line buildings brick and walls boundary brick Tall buildings. of ranges narrow between crofts wide and and passages frontage, playground school the large as with such alternate gaps, These spaces. private and gardens enclose walls high of sections long elements; contrasting Street Main Description Area Conservation Village School. the on used were at example machine surviving with built being one were is There 19 pitch. the of shallower a needed short fairly was Smisby slate within Welsh of use The Rotherwood. that those and roofs 19 the of quarter second the in appeared slate Welsh “plain a as known verge”. close detail simple a predominantly have roofs gabled the Elsewhere House. gable each at added 17 the During more a and degrees 35 the pitch. steeper roof the roof, older of the degrees. general of 45 In pitch typical minimum a pitches between vary roof tiles The clay tiled. and or thatch thatched with associated either been have would Smisby in roofs earliest The Roofs Farm). Hillside substantial more 19 the the of farmhouses on and substantial houses more even the Smisby in brickwork, Generally, House). Ivanhoe the and Farm Pitts of (e.g. properties properties weathering simple the on relying used, normally not were cills stone arches, brick segmental the with combination In School and Mill The (e.g. the of Row). practices strength these of the examples the upon several are or relying There frame, required, frame. window window support the the on directly providing carried lintel, was timber brickwork simple a by either supplemented was brickwork the and lintel brick a for need no often was there floor uppermost the On altogether more rural in character, with grass verges verges grass with character, in rural more altogether is which Lane, Annwell into Street, ground, Main rising up the led following is eye The street. the from visible hard a is 80 Tee r pan xmls t ilie am n mr dcrtv eape at examples decorative more and Farm Hillside keystone. a raised incorporate which Rotherwood, at examples plain are There 1860.

Lock - th de evrnet ih e piae gardens private few with environment edged

century plain clay tiled roofs came back into fashion and most new buildings buildings new most and fashion into back came roofs tiled clay plain century

- th

Up

century the pitched roofs often had “coped gables”, where a parapet was parapet a where gables”, “coped had often roofs pitched the century has a strong character dominated by by dominated character strong a has

is a key building in views looking west west looking views in building key a is - end and finished with stone. Examples of this detail survive at Ivanhoe at survive detail this of Examples stone. with finished and end - made red Rosemaries, which were readily available. These available. readily were which Rosemaries, red made

th

century have dressed stone cills (e.g. Rotherwood and Rotherwood (e.g. cills stone dressed have century 13

th

century and was ideal for hipped for ideal was and century

- lived. In the last quarter last quarter the lived. In

LullingtonSmisby ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement

and

less less in their -

or -

Ivanhoe Ivanhoe Farm, Hillside Farm , were built with the gable end abutting level, level, round, -

agricultural use, which is adjacent to Poolcroft. and its farm stand 14 -

, an important historic 3 School Row

- 1 Smisby Smisby Manor 3 Main Street, the terrace of cottages on the street frontage. on the street 3 Mainof cottages Street, the terrace - and

Annwell Annwell Lane , had large courtyards of farm buildings, which survive more Ivanhoe Farmhouse Hillside Farmhouse Hillside Farmhouse Ivanhoe A number of buildings, such as Main Street. As well as these, outbuildings running at 90 degrees to the road can be seen prominent element of the streetscape, running parallel with the road, but also for its plain, sight. unusual now a is comparatively utilitarianwhich character, There is a marked contrast in scale buildings and between the terraced workers cottages. In one of the the most memorable views, Hillside farmhouses and their former ancillary Farm above rises Nos.1 Hillside Hillside Farm and, to a extent, lesser at Ivanhoe Farm. The smaller farms have generally lost their dwellings. farmby have formerconversion to The buildings or been they much altered farmbuildings are less easy to spot on Chapel Street. building There on Main is Street that one is surviving still in agricultural semi This is particularly important within the village, not only because it is a strong and Manor Manor Farm original configuration, although there has been some loss of agricultural character at The largest properties that front Main other Street villages in South are Derbyshire, there seems the to have been former little expansion of farmhouses. the farms Unlike after the many enclosure of the open fields, perhaps because enclosure occurred so late and the agricultural boom had slowed. The largest farms, manor farm buildings courtyards, with early stone footings and are walls supplemented largely contained by later phases within of building two in soft mostly red brick. plain, The with walls occasional are relief glazed). (now openings ventilation from high St. St. James Church virtually alone on group, set apart from the remainder of the village, with few signs of twentieth or twenty first century influence. Both the church and the manorare house located the road, away from on the high ground, overlooking Ashby to the south. The lining the road. Tall stone boundary walls beyond the verge of Smisby Manor from generalsome view. mask LullingtonSmisby ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement nbe ec south each enabled dense, this survive, for reason still and tight The rows Cottage. Street, Blue three and these, Cottage Main The Of Arms, and Place. Smisby by Nelson Street represented as known Chapel now between ginnel the contours off the accessed along running housing, of higgledy a in resulted has development ofgrain tight the where Street Chapel and Street Main between buildings of core a is There building. older an 18 early buildings be may The street. the along views in point focal a is and at cottages of row 17 incorporate may a and croft narrow on built been have to appears school, the predates which common windows. share casement and arches and conspicuous are features cottages village. of the in Rows presence strong a have cottages of Terraces Hasbury Poolcroft, village. the smallestthe cottageswithin of many distinct of characteristic a house, Mill The is This frontage. frontage. private a without road the the abut all Cottage The and from Poplars The Cottage, croft each of rear the to access the trace enabling whilst footage square of may amount the maximised alignment This seen. be sometimes buildings These mill. former can buildings earlier the of footings stone the and axis same the on buildings earlier of footprint and Farm Ivanhoe at Poolcroft, behind rfla (85,ad a dt fo aon ta tm, lhuh TeCtae, hc is which Cottage”, “The 17 plinthbe andmay has stonechamfered a row, ofthe although part time, that around from date may and (1805), Trafalgar Square - nt atr o dvlpet s o cer I ws sitd y h rsn ln, which land, rising the by assisted was It clear. not is development of pattern knit -

a hv be nmd fe Amrl od esns itr a te ate of Battle the at victory Nelson’s Lord Admiral after named been have may dentilled or sawtooth brick eaves, segmental brick segmental eaves, brick sawtooth or dentilled 1 th -

3 School3 Row 1 century in origin, or sit on the footprint of of footprint the on sit or origin, in century 1 - - facing cottage to have a reasonable amount of daylight. daylight. of amount reasonable a have to cottage facing Mi Street Main 3 rm h ra s ta i i more is it that imposing. so road the from back positioned been have to appears is Farm example good Pitts A thought. more with located clearly were properties larger the space, available best the of make use to located been have to appear cottages smallest the Whilst

o. 1 Nos. th

-

has a strong character strong a has pcue lf) which left), (pictured piggledy character. There were originally four rows four originally were There character. piggledy century remains. The The remains. century - Sho Row School 3 15

th ,

century in in origin. century - 3 StreetMain earlierstone wall preserved Poolcroftwith ofremains Former farmFormer building at at theat base

Nelson

LullingtonSmisby ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement up up - up and Hasbury - century alterations alterations century

th century century may have encroached

has has a much straighter alignment

th

seeded seeded trees and overgrown hedgerow -

16 Chapel Chapel Street , Main Street, where modern 20 where, Main Street, modern

Views along Chapel Street Chapel along Views

The The Cottage

Crewe Crewe estate planted Corsican pines in other settlements that they and -

acknowledgement of the need to accelerated following War. intended change that development wasthe Second not It World conserve the “cherished local scene” should in be prevented, but the rather that face settlements should of develop over time in reflects and strengthens their special character. At Smisby, some ofa the undesirable changes way that tunnel. Loss and Damage The concept of conservation areas was introduced by the Civic Amenities Act 1967, as an owned, most notably Ticknall, but also in Swarkestone. They may well have planted these trees in Smisby for their picturesque effect. The large copper beech tree at the west end of Chapel Street is an impressive landmark tree, situated on a wide section greatof verge, canopy with a that stretches over the trees road. at Self the top of the bank crowd over the road on Forties Lane creating a dramatic church. Trees are particularly important within the western part of the conservation area. At the west end of Main Street a Cottage. large Further Corsican pines pine line the sits northern between perimeter the Street. of Lock The Pitts Harpur Farm where it joins Chapel The The character of the rural setting of the village, dominated by hedgerows, continues in part along Chapel Street, where many of on the the properties northern side the of street share golden privet hedges and a wide grassy verge, distinctive features in views towards the frontage. The frontage was once even fronted the road behind more Fir Tree Cottage and a densely further long “barn” range was packed; replaced by a long 7 and Street. 8 Chapel range of buildings Although it was secondary in importance, than Main Street and the two streets narrower, the buildings are smaller in scale and line the street a more creating emphatically, are quite different in character. Chapel tighter visual Street framework. Some is of the buildings of the 19 onto the road further than their predecessors contributing to the present narrow built The The evolution of the village is difficult to unravel Channel and Cottage there are other examples, such as origins. historic may be concealing their LullingtonSmisby ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement New developmentNew enclosure of sense poor very a Lock with corner, Close weak village. the of a rest the with compared created has Street Street Chapel Main of corner and the along fencing palisade timber of use The Arms. Smisby to park car the as such obvious frontage, the are in gaps there been where has damaged enclosure of pattern The replaced forms of traditional enclosure. more or on supplemented have occasion walls boundary plainly. Concrete treated boundary generally brick were in walls the place of where out Smisby is This village. the of character the from detract niches, with semi and walls parapets brick scalloped red undulating where of gates use the as such and designs, personalised walls uncharacteristic several boundary are There of and Loss alteration boundaryto walls same the avoid to and alterations damaging the future. the mistakes in of some reverse to the authority and designers planning householders, help will these identifying that hoped is It character. this diluted have cumulatively or individually either that losses or alterations suffered has village the where instances identify also can we area conservation the of character the defining In permission. for planning by need the achieved be could this as far so development, harmful further against safeguard a as place in put was designation The 1978. in area conservation the of designation the predate below described - up, are also out of also out place. are up, Garages17 to settingof the conservationarea - 21Chapel Streetdetract from the

- circular circular

SmisbyArms create a hole inthe frontage of Main Street

The loweredboundary wall and parkcarfronting the 17 -

boarded fences, such as that adjacent to the to adjacent that as such fences, boarded

o o grgs wt off with garages, of row The Street. Chapel on properties the of rest the than prominent land higher slightly on set are they because particularly are They left). (below level street at garages of row a by fronted are and road the from back set are conservation predominant 17 Nos. area. the the of not character to does relate development new where instances few a are There f oml nlsr ad looks and enclosure formal of street the particularly robs designed, is poorly front, in parking

- 21 Chapel Street, Street, Chapel 21 - street street

LullingtonSmisby ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement

bearing, bearing, negative impact on the street. More 18 -

century buildings along the north side of Chapel Street are partially hidden by

th

Square Square and Hasbury Cottage, Main Street. No. 3 Main Street and Rotherwood survive. windows sash and the historic casement where of examples most are good The plethora of replacement uPVC and stained hardwood windows is the single most incorporated traditional styles of joinery and some instances make the traditional a timber joinery installed positive as part contribution, of an although approved scheme replaced in uPVC. been subsequently in has The original proportions of windows altered on with some the of creation the of cottages long have “picture” occasionally windows, been such as at The Cottage, Nelson There has been an overwhelming loss of historic window and door joinery within Smisby, except on the handful of listed buildings. In many instances stained hardwood or uPVC had joinery. replaced timber traditional Where there are new buildings within the conservation area, these have largely muted muted colours that are more representative of traditional paint colours, achieved originally by mixing natural pigments such as ochre, more withcharacterin the keeping of Smisby. umber and blood, are more appropriate and details building Loss of Colour of buildings of Colour Whilst a number of the historic buildings within the village were traditionally either painted in limewash or rendered, in one particular instance on Chapel been Street, painted a cottage bright that has blue creates an over from the simple, open, rural character of the space. open, from the simple, rural character At the west end of the village concrete kerbs have been introduced to define the edge the of road, where there were previously no kerbs or pavement. This largely rural lanes. is out of place along extent extent that it now blocks one of the most important views of St. James Church, which was once in direct line of sight from Main Street. The tree whole The of the green triangle with timber defined of posts is by aa linked series chain. At is of no amenity or wildlife value. the centre is the war memorial which is further separated from the public domain by a set of railings. The result of all these separate features is a cluttered environment that detracts realm Public The street lighting column on the green at the junction of Annwell Lane and Main Street is particularly unsightly, built from concrete with a repair in galvanised metal, it now doubles up as a signpost. Alongside this lighting column is a tall fir tree which has grown to such an character and setting of Chapel Street.character of and setting Other 20 tall walls and hedges and mature gardens, and street. have less impact on the character of the out out of place. They do not follow the where traditional buildings settlement were pattern placed along close Chapel to Street the edge Although of outside the the road, conservation creating area a boundary, tight they framework. have a significant impact on the LullingtonSmisby ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement buildings to Hillside Farm). toHillside buildings farm former the (e.g. identifiable longer no are uses agricultural historic distinct the cases many In use. residential to converted been have buildings farm the of majority the as lost, largely been has farmyards former of charm and character rugged The depleted. been has character this but buildings, agricultural and farms small its by dominated once was Smisby of agricultural Loss andcharacter identity neglected and Empty redundant buildings the of tothevillage. character original alteration damaging

h fre Wsea Mtoit hpl a been has Chapel The left). (pictured condition poor Methodist in is and up boarded Wesleyan former The still it although itsretains machinery. condition, poor in is mill steam former 19

Smisby Conservation Area Designated : 13th July 1978

FORTIES LANE

ET RE ST EL AP CH

MAIN STREET SMISBY MANOR

ANNWELL LANE

B5006

Conservation Area boundary

Open spaces Principal views Architectural landmarks & focal points Listed buildings Other buildings which contribute positively to the 0 100 200 special architectural or historic character Areas of high archaeological potential metres This map is reproduced from Ordnance Survey material with the permission of Ordnance Survey on behalf of the Controller of Her Majesty'sHer of Survey SurveyStationery with the permissioncopyright. of the Controller on behalf of Ordnance material Ordnance O!ce from Crown map is reproduced This 100019461.2014 LA District South Derbyshire Council. or civil proceedings. prosecution to lead and may copyright infringesUnauthorised Crown reproduction Appendix

Distinctive Architectural Details

SMISBY Checklist of details

The details in this appendix illustrate those building elements that help to define Smisby’s particular character. These may be common everyday vernacular details found repeatedly throughout the conservation area or may be more exceptional, consciously designed features.

This appendix may prove useful in providing inspiration for new development, whether traditional or contemporary, if used with care. Paradoxically, the outstanding architectural details of a conservation area may not be the ones that are most typical of the area. They often belong to the important key buildings of a village and may look out of place on smaller buildings in subordinate locations. The majority of buildings in the conservation areas of South Derbyshire are plainly and simply detailed.

Boundary treatments  Tall, red brick walls with triangular and half-round red clay copings, and more formal walls with shaped stone copings  Random rubble sandstone walls  Coursed sandstone walls with chamfered triangular copings

Roof types and details  Pitched roofs with raised moulded stone-coped gables  Pitched roof with corbelled and dentilled verges  Staffordshire blue clay tiles  Pitched roofs with plain close verges  Hipped tiled roofs with bonnet clay tiles to the hips

Chimney stacks and pots  Square brick chimneys with moulded brick corners  Two oversailing courses of red brick  Buff-coloured square pots, favoured by the Harpur Crewe estate  Brick chimneys with engaged flues

Walls  Plain raised brick bands  Combination of brick and older patches of stone  Corbelled brick eaves, sometimes embellished with “sawtooth”, or dentilled or moulded brickwork  Dentilled brick eaves with bricks laid on edge  Brickwork with roundels  Large blocks of rubble sandstone with remnants of chamfered plinths

Windows  Two-pane casement windows  Multi-paned timber casements, some within chamfered frames  Small-paned vertically sliding sash windows

Lintels and cills  Segmental brick arched windows in red brick  Moulded stone window surrounds (formerly mullioned and transomed windows)  Brickwork without cills  Stone wedge lintels and stone cills  Timber lintels, painted white Checklist of details (cont’d)

Doors  Boarded doors with scratch mouldings, within garden walls  Heavy-duty, old, boarded, cross battened and studded door at the Lock Up

Street Furniture  ER wall-mounted post box, c 1960s  K6 telephone box (designed by Sir Giles Gilbert Scott) BOUNDARY TREATMENTS Walls and railings

Brick walls - moulded triangular brick copings at 4 Main Street (above left) and tall brick wall with moulded triangular brick copings at Rotherwood (above right). Salt-glazed terracotta copings to gatepiers at Poolcroft (top left).

Below - stepped brick wall with swept, moulded, stone copings at Ivanhoe House, Main Street. Above left and top right - cast iron railings and gates with spear-headed finials at St. James Church. Above right - hooped steel railings with finials at Hamilton House, Chapel Lane.

Below left - coursed sandstone boundary to Smisby Manor, with chamfered double-course stone coping. Below right and bottom - rubble sandstone walls, one mortared, the other laid semi-dry. ROOF TYPES AND DETAILS

The majority of roofs within Smisby are steeply pitched and finished with a plain close verge, where the tiles simply overlap the brickwork or render (see example on the left).

The raised gable at Ivanhoe House (above) is finished with a moulded stone coped parapet, a common detail in the outlying villages, but this is the Below - gable-fronted elevation of the former chapel only surviving example of this roof type on Chapel Lane. The corbelled and dentilled brick within the village. verge continues part way along the front elevation. Above and top - a number of the former farmsteads of the 18th and 19th centuries are grouped around courtyards. The adjoining hipped, tiled roofs have special clay bonnet tiles at the hips (4 Main Street and Manor Farm).

Right - the octagonal roof of the Lock Up, built entirely in brick, and surmounted by a large ball finial, is a distinctive feature of the village. It was one of several lock-ups of this pattern in the locality. CHIMNEY STACKS & POTS

Many of the chimneys within Smisby were built or adapted in the 19th century by the Harpur Crewe estate.

Above - moulded brick chimneys with two oversailing courses at School Row. Top right - corbelled chimney with rounded moulded brickwork at a Harpur Crewe property on Nelson Square.

Right and far right - chimneys with engaged brick flues at Smisby Manor.

The Harpur Crewe estate favoured square buff pots, as found at The Poplars (right).

Plain stacks also occasionally have a strong presence - such as the large square stack at Pitts Farm (far right). WALLS

Brick buildings within Smisby have few embellishments.

Above - raised horizontal brick band at Pitts Farm.

Left - high-level roundels at Manor Farm were probably added for ventilation and to enable barn owls to roost, rather than as pitching eyes. They are now glazed.

There are few surviving stone buildings. Where they do survive, there are sometimes original 17th century details, such as moulded window surrounds and mullions (below left - Hasbury Cottage) or chamfered stone plinths (below right - The Cottage, Nelson Square). WALLS - Eaves details

Left - brick-on-edge, laid as a dentilled and corbelled brick eaves at Firtree Cottage, Chapel Lane and Ivanhoe House (below left).

Each alternate brick projects to create a decorative effect.

Below - sawtooth brick eaves at 1 Main Street. “Sawtooth” brickwork is another decorative detail found in several places within the village. The remnants of faded yellow limewash can still be seen clinging to the brickwork.

Above left and right - dentilled brick eaves at The Poplars and the barn on Main Street.

Left - moulded brick eaves laid in a dentilled pattern at Rotherwood. WINDOWS

Above left - side-hinged casement windows, recessed within a chamfered frame (Firtree Cottage, Chapel Street). Above right - multi-paned casement at Smisby Manor.

Right - modern casement window based on an historic style (Rotherwood House).

Bottom left and right - multi-paned casement windows with flush-fitting frames (3 Main Street and Ivanhoe House). The larger houses, such as Rotherwood (left) and Hillside Farm (bottom left) had multi-paned vertically sliding sash windows in the Georgian period. The sash window boxes in both houses are hidden, set within a rebate behind the rendered brickwork, enabling as much light as possible to flood the room beyond.

Below and bottom - high-level, four- light and two-light casements within chamfered frames. In each case the window has a painted timber lintel. LINTELS AND CILLS

Where economy was important, and for utilitarian buildings, lintels were simple in form - a segmental arch (left), formed by a single course of “header” bricks.

Stone wedge-lintel with raised keystone used at Rotherwood (left). Wedge-shaped stone lintels were very popular in the first half of the 19th century.

Cills Most of the buildings that incorporate wedge stone lintels also have stone cills (illustrated on the previous page).

Many of the smaller brick cottages, with segmental brick arches, had no cill, such as that at 3 Main Street (right).

DOORS

Above - early 19th century doorcase with narrow pilasters and cornice (Ivanhoe House). The boarded and battened door is 20th century. Boarded doors with scratch mouldings, within garden walls, are a feature of Main Street (left). Below - heavy-duty, old, boarded, cross battened and studded door at the Lock Up. STREET FURNITURE

Right - ER wall-mounted post box, c 1960s

Below - K6 telephone box (designed by Sir Giles Gilbert Scott), unlisted