S u rre y A rc h ae o l ogic a l C o llec t i o n s
Rel ati ng to th e
Hi story an d Anti quiti es o f th e Co unty
publi shed by th e
SU RREY ARC HZEO LO G I CAL SO C IETY
VOL X L . .
R P RI NTE D BY BUTLE AN D TANNER LTD. , FROM E,
FOR THE SURREY A RC HZEO LOG I C AL SO C IETY C S E ARCH G DFORD A TL , UIL
M D CC C CXXX I I Th e COUNCIL of th e SURREY ARCHE OLOGICAL SOCIETY des ires it to b e di s tinctly unders tood that it i s n ot res p ons ible for any s tatement or Op inions exp ress ed in the COLLECTIONS ; th e Authors of the s evera l mmun ns b e n al n un a b le for th e s me co icatio i g o e acco t a . C ONT E N TS
PAGE
R F 1 1 EPORT O PROCEEDINGS , 93
R 1 2 EPORT OF PROCEEDINGS , 93 LIST OF MEMBERS
- . I N U SOCIETIES , ETC , NION LIBRARIES
RULES OF THE SOCIETY
ARTICLES
An A un of the Bu l n s of N e rk Pr r n e cco t i di g wa io y , with a ot ’ m l M r a H . on its F un e s F b C. . o d i y , y CAPTAIN PEARCE , F A . S . .
The L r s L eu en n of Surre b the O o d i t a t y , y EARL OF NSLOW ,
S . P . C. , F . A .
urr B ll - B rr s b L V RI N S E LL S me S e e . . G o y a ow , y ;
’ urr b D R u Ma Of S e W . e s . ocq p y, y ILFRID HOOPER , LL
E ns H s mb e C l n une— ul xcavatio at a co amp , Goda mi g , J J y , E N B T 1 1 b S . . WI OL 93 , y
The R n R on the Surre - Ken B und b M oma oad y t o ary , y JA ES B E G M . . C . RAHA ,
n n l Br in S urr S me A n List of Mo ume ta as s es ey . o dditio s n b B A P d rre s . . . S . A a n C . o ctio , y MILL STEPHENSON , ,
NOTES
Cremation Trenches near Pea slake
’ R r S n K er ne s C ur Mers . es n of th e ai t ath i h ch , tham to atio C n el 1 1 ha c , 93
Roman Burial s near F arley Heath iii iv C O NTENTS . PAGE
N — ont OTE S c d .
Inh umation Burials at Bas hing
The Domes d a y Mill at Betchworth
Reiga te— Old Bricks
N otes on Medi aeval Stone - vaulted Crypt Wa llin gton
Res toration Work i n S urrey Church es
REVIEWS AN D NOTICES
ADDITIONS To SURREY MUSEUMS INDEX LI S T OF I LLUS T RATI ON S
PAGE NEWARK PRIORY :
r Plan of Newar k Prio y .
— Ne rk Pr r a nd E ns fr th e Air Plate I . wa io y xcavatio om
— S u all s of e s ern arm II . o th w a t S outh wall of s outh trans ep t Wes t wall of s outh trans ep t a nd s outh s ide of retro - choir
Plate TI L— North wall of p res b yt ery North - eas t angle of p res byt ery Remains of al tar an d reces s i n s outh transept
Pl — S u ll of resb t er and e s ll ate I V . o th wa p y y a t wa of s outh tran sept Straight join t i n eas t end of s creen wall n orth s id e of choir S u ai sl e f un a ns l k n e s o th o d tio , oo i g a t
P ate V —Re e s ne b se mark of r ul r l . igat to a with ci c a p ill ar in dorter s ub - vault N r sle f un ns l k n e s o th ai o datio , oo i g a t ‘ Mas oned coflin in middl e of chapter hous e
Pl I — P b e e n n b n ate V . aving tw e ove ases in kitche Rere r er l k n e s do t , oo i g a t Til e hear th and Reigate s tone block i n ’ Cell arer s range
’ — S u r s f r t un n ell ar r n Plate VI I . ppo t o i C er s a ge
C al k - floored nnel l ki n e s h cha , oo g a t Eas tern s ide of receptacl e at west end of chal k- floored channel
Pl a — Ou l on r k a nk te VIII . t et eas t s ide of b ic t Flin t - wall ed receptacle at wes t end of Chal k- floored Chann el Blo k of ma s nr s u of a nd a rall el c o y o th , p l k— floored annel with , cha ch vi I LLU s TRATI O N s LIST OF . PAGE
— NEWARK PRIORY contd .
Newark Priory — Site Plan
— T l e fr Ne rk Pr r Plat e IX . i s om wa io y
l a X — Tl es fr N e rk Pr P te . i om wa iory
l a — N e rk Pr r S e l P t e XI . wa io y a s
’ l a — Bu k s V e of N rk Pr r P te XII . c i w ewa io y
SOME SURREY BELL - BARROWS Ma p Of Distrib ution of S urrey B arrows
— El Tr l e Barr Plate XIII . stead ip ow
— W l n B ell - Barr Pl a t e X I V . is ey Commo ow S ection of Hors ell Common (W ) Barrow
Tr le B ell - B rr s u - ea s of Crooksb ur C m n ip a ow, o th t y o mo
Pl X — Deerl ea W Bell - B rr at e V . p ood a ow K ey to p hotograph of Deerl ea p Wood fa ci ng 62 Bell - Barrow
Plans of S urrey Bell - Barrows
AT M M G M : EXCAVATIONS HASCO BE CA P , ODAL ING
— 1 1 . P an f b e C Fig . o Has com amp
— Fi . ef n es re ns ru e S e n u N . . e g 2 . ctio thro gh W d c co t ct d
— ~ ll a n d f ss — A N E . u e Fi . . r r u g 3 C os s s ection th o gh . va m o
Pl X I — T l k n e s e V . r u v ll u at h o gh a m , oo i g a t S e e f ss e l k n ea s t pp d o , oo i g t E s f s s e l k n n r a t o , oo i g o th
l — P V . F l . ate X II ir ep ace in G 2 . En r n e l k n es t a c , oo i g w t
— Pl n ra n f a m Fig . 4 . a of ent ce o H s co b e Camp
— E n r n Fig . 5 . S . t ance b a k : s ection
Pl e V — Fl n rn l m nt e c . i e e s r s er s et . at X III i t p , pott y h d , 90
— . r Fig 6 . Wo ked flints 9 1
F — i . . R m rna m n Te r s O e s et c . of La ne II I e g 7 i , t , p ott y 94
MAP OF ROMAN ROAD NEAR LI MPSFIELD CHART 98 O F i LIST ILLUSTRATI O NS . v i PAGE OF M I N : LIST _ MONU ENTAL BRASSES SURREY
— Bed n on ir a r 1 . Pl a e . S R d C r e 20 t XIX ich a w, 5 di gt fa ci ng
— m n Pl a e Pal m ses ns r n n F r 1 80 . t XX i p t i c iptio , Joh o o d , 5 Car s halton fa ci ng
Pl e X X L— n Red n e 1 08 . Cr n at Joh i g , 5 oydo fa ci ng . un B Thos H te . eddington
l - l M P a e . W l a ll 1 a i n 68 . Cr c t XXII i i m i , 5 oydon f g
Cl St . Pe er apham , t
Re ers e of B n e ns r n T r e v o d i c iptio , ho p
NOTES
Pl a e — Au b r M r . e s a m C ur t XXIII m y , th h ch fa ci ng S a mia n Bowl foun d a t F a rl ey Heath
Pl a — T r a ci n te XXIV . h ee of the Bashing b urial s f g
Reigat e— Old Bricks
Fifteenth - century Cryp t a t Wallington
R E PORT OF PROCE EDINGS
193 1
AN wa s el on F eb ru r 2 8th en th e AFTERNOON MEETING h d a y , wh m l ll r d Me b er Templ e Church and Mi ddl e Te p e Ha we e vis ite . m s ere n u ed b M s er Bru e W ll ms n of the M d l e Te l e w co d ct y a t c i ia o i d mp , who s poke on th e ar chitecture of th e Chur ch and gave a very h b u l n T ere wa interes ting dis cours e on th e history of t e i di gs . h s a n an a large tte d ce .
AN AFTERNOON EXCURSION to Gatton a nd Mers tham took place fir Sir r m a n h a n H us e wa s s s e . e e o Ap ril 2 8t . G tto o t vi it d J i h Colman met th e p ar ty an d s p oke for a few minutes on the history M mb ers ere en s n th e f m us M rb e H ll of Gatton . e w th how a o a l a b u l b L r M ns n i n 18 0 an d fir s n en e for F er i n n i t y o d o o 3 t i t d d d a d , K n O S Th e sm ll l a s s b u l n n e r th e us e kn n a s i g f p ain . a c ic i di g a ho ow h an r b Mr n n C. B . E t e T n Hall wa s s e e d e . e ow i p ct d a p ap y G ochio , wa l r n wa r b M r un s un b e b e es e s e Mr . who a to p t , ad y o da t ’ R ers S t An r s C ur i s n n r n H u . . e s e s e og d w h ch , wh ch ta d a Gatto o , wa s n ext vis ited and a short d es cription of it s antiquities and m Mr M P . hn n F d ern furn ur wa en b . S A . M m e s . s . . e o it giv y Jo to , b ers en r ee e b m r - a Mers am C ur ere th p oc d d y oto co ch to th h ch , wh Mr n r a r on it r n . s n e e s s a d ar e ure r n Joh to ad a p p hi to y chit ct , t aci g the growth of its plan from th e Pre - Conques t p eriod rep resented b y th e shell of th e nave to th e early s ixteenth century or Tudor i in h n l an d u a l He n u Goth c t e cha ce s o th ch p e . p oi ted o t es pe cially t he uni ue al s of the n el r hi are of ru e ref l q cap it cha c a ch , w ch a d t oi s hap e on plan an d are car ved with an imitation of the acanthus of C r n n a l s s u es n th e rk of re urned Crus er o i thia c pita gg ti g wo a t ad . Among other s p eciall y interestin g features h e dr ew attention to th e doubl e p is cina with its two quite p erfect b a s in s support ed on
rb el s r e es of e rl een - en ur f l e co ca v d with two typ a y thirt th c t y o iag , t he l e fifteenth - en ur l s s and n n s in the s u el at c t y g a p ai ti g o th chap , a nd th nu n n r e mo me ts a d b as ses .
THE - G R i n r n e SEVENTY SIXTH ANNUAL ENE AL MEETING , acco da c Rule X I wa s el a t uil f r a t the u l h ll b ki n with , h d G d o d G i d a , y d n n Of the M r Of u l f r n S ur A r o l 2 th . i vitatio ayo G i d o d , at day , p i 5 I x O F X REPO RT PROCEEDI N GS .
Th e Pres en the Earl of Ons l wa s i n th e C r id t , ow, hai . With him on the l a f r ere Hi s W rs th e M r C un ll r p t o m w o hip ayo , o ci o C. T. B e n L r F arrer Pres en of th e S urre Re r at ma ; o d , id t y co d Society ; Sir Henr L b er C r a n of th e E e u e C ee and y am t , hai m x c tiv ommitt , r oth e s . Th e n e n en n the ee n n been re the M nu es otic co v i g m ti g havi g ad , i t of th e l as Ann u l ener l Mee n ere re and d t a G a ti g w ad adopte . Th e A un s a nd Re r of Coun l for th e e r endin 1 0 cco t po t ci y a g 93 , r n e a nd in the nds of e b ers r ken r e e as e . p i t d ha m m , w ta ad
Rep ort of Counci l
or the ea r endin mbe 1 t ece r 3 1 0 . f y g D 3 , 93
THE COUNCIL OF THE SURREY ARCHzEOLOGI CAL SOCIETY has pleasure i n res en n s its - L R e er p ti g thi , SEVENTY SIXTH ANNUA EPORT , tog th with th e CASH ACCOUNTS a nd STATEMENT OF ASSETS AND LI ABI LI r th e er n am TIES fo p iod ed .
PUBLICATIONS — The vol ume on S ta i ned Gla ss i n S urrey Churches i s alr eady in th e hands of memb ers a nd is a fitting memori al to l r P lin s e fri n n b u h the ate D . eat g who e ds co tri ted towards t e cos t f it s r u n for ur Me b ers w ll b re o p od ctio this p pose . m i e awa that ’ th e S e s Pub l ns e b een in rre rs for s e e s oci ty icatio hav a a om tim p a t , nd f ur l u s ill b e n b h n 1 V l u e a o vo me w owi g y t e e d of 193 . o m X X X V P r hi was e e e ul b e ssue i n III , a t II , w ch it xp ct d wo d i d 1 0 was el e th e l s en b an unf r un e en 93 , d ay d at a t mom t y o t at accid t u n w h n r S l eff r s are b e n b t i s o in t e ha ds of memb e s . pecia o t i g made to catch up th e remain ing thr ee volumes during th e p res en t ear b r u n in n V l u e X X X Of th e r in r y y p od ci g , additio to o m IX o d a y Collecti ons t h e f ll n lu es out of th e r i nar s er es : , o owi g vo m o d y i ( 1) a General Index to th e l as t eighteen p ublications of th e S ociety in continuation of that p ublished in 1914 (2) a p ortfolio of coll o ’ typ e rep roductions of Rocque s map of S urrey in 9 sheets is sued 1 2 Thi s ma i s r re an d of r ul ar n eres fr its l r e in 76 . p a p a tic i t t om a g l an d u i s b el e e its re r u n ll s ca e cop io s detail . It i v d that p od ctio wi meet with gen eral app roval .
Th e Coun cil regrets to have to announce th e res ign ation of Mrs . Grens ide to whom it i s indeb ted for havi ng acted as Hon orary Ed r i n s l a d re a M ss use h as ito S ce 192 6 . It i g to port th t i Gi pp i The kin dl y un dertaken to s ee Vol um e XX X IX through th e p ress . work of p repar ing th e General Index has al ready b een p ut i n un e a n d an d Mr . R L A k n n h b een en u h . . t i s o as good o gh to d r ’ ma t a ke th e s upervis ion of the production of Rocque s p . xi REPO RT O F PROCEEDI NGS .
— ef u s ns th e Mus eum MUSEUM AN D LIBRARY . The chi acq i itio to d ur ing the y ear have b e en the val uabl e coll ection of S axon finds ’ from the Gui ldown Cemetery referred to in the Council s las t M um b Mr a nd Mr T ese ere resen e th e us e . s . Report . h w p t d to y
Ke s er th e ners of th e s l i n e ere f un . T e mp t , ow oi which th y w o d h y are of s p ecial interes t owing to th e s mall n umb er of Saxon exhib its M u O er ns n l u e s me fine s e hitherto in th e us e m . th additio i c d o p ci
- ens of mes r n rk res en ed b Mr . . C. C ks u m do tic i o wo p t y J oc h tt , mb r r H . S e a nd nu e r r n s res en e b M . s everal f am ed p i t p t d y avag , a n h l Mr Fr nk of flin t implements from th e coll ectio of t e ate . a
Las ham p res ented by hi s widow . S e fur er b k s es e b een r e for th e L br r om th oo ca hav p ovid d i a y , to nu b er of f s e al s b een m e a s ell a s th e us ua l which a m gi t hav o ad , w addi tions by exchange with other S ocieties .
M R M — C un l i s l a d b e bl e re r MUNI ENT OO . The o ci g to a to p o t that th e new b uil ding and th e fittings ha ve now b een completed and the room is availabl e for reception of docum ents . The Management of th e Muniment Room i s in th e hands of h n Mu u C Honorary Offi cers appointed by t e Joi t se m ommittee . I n all t echn ical matters affecting dep os it a nd arrangement of umen s e r s fe an d ubl es s em ese Offi ers Doc t , th i a ty , p ic acc to th , th c in nsul n H n r r A s ers n n e b act co tatio with two o o a y dvi , omi at d y the Surre Re r S e ll ers n ll ns e th e r y co d oci ty , who wi p o a y i p ct oom Th e res en A s ers are b Ass s n from time to time . p t dvi oth i ta t r At th e re ues of the u l f r K eep ers of th e Public Reco ds . q t G i d o d T n C un l th e R m h a s n ow b een r e b th e M s er ow o ci , oo app ov d y a t n r l R r of th e Roll s a s a place of dep os it for Ma o ia eco ds . The MSS the r er of th e S e a e b een l e i n the p op ty oci ty, h v p ac d m n r n a al T w ll Mun en R a d are in es s Of b e ue . e im t oo , p oc i g c t og d h y i l m r n ul un r r er s fe uar d then b e avail ab e for me b e s to co s t de p op a g s .
— rk u n the S n Ceme er f un i n EXCAVATIONS . The wo po axo t y o d ’ th e ar en of C al k H ll Guil down wa s en ne in l s e r s g d h i , , m tio d a t y a
re r E ns ere e on ll the s u er of 1 0 . po t . xcavatio w carri d ti mm 93 Mr An n O n C l nel N r l e n th e ne b ur . wi g to o o o th avi g igh o hood, tho y L er k r e th e b e inn n of the e r and h e h as owth too cha g at g i g y a , r en the Re r hi ll e r in th e ne lume of th e w itt p o t , w ch wi app a xt vo Th e S e i re l n eb e b C l nel N r Collections . oci ty s g at y i d t d oth to o o o th Mr Mr L er for s lu ble rk a nd Mr . an d s . and . owth thi va a wo to K r r emp ste fo p ermitting it . T el e fur e bu ls one le e ot a nd s e b r ken w v th r ria , comp t p , om o p ott ery were found in the s ame s ummer during road excavations m r off M un S ree not far s n fr the Guil d own Ce e e . o t t t , di ta t om t y Some excavations at Holrnb ury Hill were undertaken early in xii REPO RT OF PRO CEEDI NGS .
S . E l a n h r b Mr . Winb o t d a R h t e e . e r on t e rk n y a y , po t wo do e e rs i n V l u e X X X V Par of th e Collections ap p a o m III , t II , . The attention of th e Coun cil was call ed during 1 930 to th e evid ences of a very a ncient s ettl ement dis closed during quarryin g i n the sa n b Brockh am L ne Be P r . er n dpit y a , tchwo th ott y dati g fr m N e l Br nz e A e R m n a nd S n er s e b een o o ithic , o g , o a axo p iod hav und ere a ell a s u n fo h s w q a tities of fiin ts . Th e Coun cil wa s abl e to a make s mall finan cial p rovis ion for the n es n of s s e b ut mus r en n th e f i v tigatio thi it , it t d aw att tio to act that th e Excavation F und will n eed repl eni s hing b efore any serious work can b e undert a ken a nd tha t th e need for this may ari se at a ny moment .
— f- a EXCURSIONS . Three hal d y excurs ions were arr anged during
h ur f 1 0 in n h usual l - t e s e o t e e e urs ns . co 93 , additio to two who day xc io On th f rn ns of Mar 8th a nd A r l th Mr B nn r e e . e a t oo ch p i 9 , o , ’ n u e s s L n ln s I nn a nd H n C ur co d ct d vi it to i co ampto o t , a nd on S e emb er 1 Pe ers m C ur an d Ha m H us e ere pt 3th , t ha h ch o w d r th d n Dr E F F un S . T u W . . t L . nn . S . A . h s e e e e of . e vi it d g i a c i y , An nual E urs n was Cr urs a nd Lin field on ul 2 8th xc io to owh t g J y , a nd a whol e - day excurs ion outs ide th e county took place on June 12th when t h e Roman Pavements at Bignor a nd Arundel Cas tl e r d we e vi site . Th un l ke i s r un a n Mr S r kl n e Co ci ta s th opp o t ity Of th king . t ic a d a nd a ll ers a ss s e in mak n es e s s s o s u ess ful oth who i t d i g th vi it cc .
HONORARY SECRETARYSHIP AN D E XECUTIVE COMMITTEE — F ol lowing the announ cemen t a t th e l as t Annual Gen eral Meeting of Mr M r a R r h th e end n res n n of . un e s t e C un l imp i g ig atio o d t og , o ci k l n M M He ul s e s fill hi s e a d f un s s O. . too t p to p ac , o d that i ath wo d b e p rep ared to un dertake th e Honorary S ecretary ship p rovided sh e wa s relieved of certain of it s res pons ibili ties by th e appointment o f a s mall Commi ttee which woul d b e able to give h er advice an d s up p ort . Th e C un l b e n a n us l s elf of h er s er es and o ci i g xio to avai it vic , havi ng in mind th e r ecomm endations of a s p ecial committee (form ed s ome y ears b a ck to cons ider th e duties of th e S ecretary ’ s hip) that an in creas ed CO- ordin ation of the Society s activities wa s l d es r a bl e a o n e sm ll s ub - mm ee ns er high y i , pp i t d a a co itt to co id how b es t thes e aim s coul d b e ob tai ned a t thi s j un cture .
This s ub - committee rep ort ed tha t t h e p res ent division of th e ’ Society s activities b etween th e Hon orary S ecretar y and inde p endent s ub - committ ees makes it harder rather than eas ier for the
Honorary S ecret ary to ma int ai n co - ordina tion s ince he i s res p on s ible directly to th e Council for only a s mall p roportion of the E ii REPORT OF PROC EDI NGS . xi
’ And the s am e ime a s res ul of s e s un er k n s . Soci ty d ta i g at t , a t thi ’ d e res ns b l and t he r in th e s e of th e S e s di vi d po i i ity , g owth cop oci ty rk u b us nes s es b ef re th e C un l in a n un es ed wo , too m ch i com o o ci dig t T e ns d ere l re ar E ur s ns an d s tate . h y co i d that p o icy with g d to xc io a ns s ul d b e l s el lli e a n d a th e u r Pub lic tio ho c o y a d , th t a tho ity that d eal t with general corres pond ence s houl d b e in clos e touch with Mu um u l r T e re b oth and with th e Lib rary an d s e at G i dfo d . h y commend ed th e p rovis ional appointment of a s mall Executive mm ee rk M s s He a s H n r r S e re r Co itt to wo with i ath o o a y c ta y, to ’ - r in e th e S e s es and b e res ns ble th e co o d at oci ty activiti , to p o i to Ex Coun cil i n pl a ce of s ep ar ate Edi torial and curs ion Committees . The C un l e s r s l a nd n e for the ur s e o ci adop t d thi p opo a , app oi t d p p o , Mr Ar ur B nn r Sir Henr L b er C. B . . e y am t , , th o ,
L - n Ge . Sir Al fr B n l r k ns n eu . e e Mr . H l a en i y J i o , i t d i g y , M P r F S B . and C n C. . H . e e . . A . C. , aptai a c , The Coun cil b elieves that thi s arrangement h a s already pro fa r r s ul s and re mmen ds i ts n nuan duced s atis cto y e t co co ti ce .
ET - S - n w m m MEMBERSHIP OF THE S OCI Y . ixty two e e b ers ha ve b een ele ed ur n the e r b ut th e S e h a s l s 2 8 emb ers ct d i g y a , oci ty o t m Am n b y res ign ation and 1 1 b y death . o g these last th e Coun cil mos t es peciall y records the irrep arable los s th e Society h as s us Mr E M H . . l en e l r n t ained b the e of . s s shi a d y d ath a d , who cho a p p rofoun d historical knowl edge of th e Coun ty have s o oft en enriched Mr M l d en wa s el e h h ollecti ons . e t e C un l f t e th e C . a ct d to o ci o S e in 18 6 and ur n t h e war ears of 1 16— 20 h e e oci ty 9 , d i g y 9 , act d S r r a s it s ec eta y .
— V - Du n the e r th e S e h a l ICE PRESIDENTS . ri g y a oci ty s os t two
V e - Pres den s in the uke of N r u b erl a n a n d Sir H C sm ic i t D o th m d . o o B The C un l h a l Bonsor t . s re e sure in n n , o ci had g at p a app oi ti g n Mr Mr M ll S e ens and . M S u . s e . i t ph o , . Gi ppi , of the sen r emb ers of th e S e e rend ered re two io m oci ty , who hav g at service to archae ology in th e Coun ty and have b oth a cted a s n r r S e re ri es in h Th e C un l a l Ho o a y c ta t e p as t . o ci h s p eas ure al s o in Mr P M n in n . . . hn s b e appoi t g Jo to , to a
COUNCI L — Under Rul e IV th e foll owing memb ers of the Council
re and are nel bl e for r - l f r on re e e e n Dr . r o e e r W . H e ti i igi ctio y a oop , Mr B k r . M M D . e S e s s O. . Hea s Mr . B n W . LL rwic ay , i th , aco ’ (appointed in 1930 to s erve th e remaind er of Canon Livett s t erm Th fif l a of office) . e th p ce d ue to b e va ca t ed i n 1930 h a s not b een fill e s n e th e e of Mr N . rr s in 1 The l d i c d ath o i 928 . S ixth p ace wa s xiv F REPO RT O PR O CEEDI NGS .
l O O
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o O N O fi c a n xvi F I S REPORT O PROCEED NG .
The C un l n m n es for el e n the f ll n : L u o ci o i at ctio o owi g ie t . Gen Sir Alfred B l . Dr Fl n e t h e Rev. . o er Sir Henr L mb er i g y , y , y a t , Mr Ed r . n H C n n N Mr F W . S . ld e ll . e wi a t , a o wi , i . I n dd n n es e s am n e b ers of a itio , two vaca ci xi t o g m m Council el e ed i n 1 28 d ue t he rem ure es s n of ele e l ct 9 , to p at c io ct d p aces by
Sir Henr Lamb er an r Fl - d D . o er u on co n in 1 y t y p optio 930 . The Coun cil nominates for election for the remainder of this Mr er H . r . C l f an Mr . A . W . . L d . e t m J ha c a t G owth r . Two s l r a n es e s n s e el e e s ear d ue imi a vac ci xi t amo g tho ct d thi y , ’ Mr - . S e ens n s en a V e Pr n n s es e a nd Mr . to t ph o appoi tm t ic id t , to ’ M l den s d e Th m a ath . e Coun cil n o inat es for t h e remain der of this rm Mr e . . S n n n a H . . Kn e d C . W ker t J Gatto way apt oc .
The Report and Accounts were dul y adopted a nd a vote of nks the Pres en Offi ers and C un l ar r e un n us l tha to id t , c o ci c i d a imo y .
Th f ll n ere le e emb rs f C un l L u - n e e Ge . Sir o owi g w ct d m e o o ci : ie t . Al fr B l K E B h R Dr F C. I . C. . t e ev. . l o r F . A e n e . e . S . d i g y , ; y , Mr B Mr E ar C . sl n . n H Sir Henr . . Go i g, dwi t , y L b r B a n t h an n N e O . d e Rev; C e ll . am t , o wi
Mr H T l r Ca n Kn k r Mr A . C f H . W . e . . W . . . . ha c a t , ptai oc , G L er and Mr n S ne ere al s el e e th e C un l owth . J . Gatto way w o ct d to o ci fill ex r r n r n to t ao di a y vaca cies .
Mr Ar ur B nner wa s re - el e ed H n r r Tre surer . th o , ct o o a y a r r Re re with a vote of thanks for hi s s ervices du ing the p as t yea . g t wa s exp res s ed tha t owing to ill nes s h e wa s unable to b e p resent th at e meeting .
Mr R S r kl n d wa t e - el e e H n r r E urs ns S e re W . . s . t ic a ct d o o a y xc io c S a r n r r Au rs M r L . C E urr e a n d R . . l e H r a n . C ta y d es s s . . i J d i o o a y dito k r with a vot e of than s for their s e vices . M O M He h a d a ken er the S e re ar l u es s s . . i ath , who t ov c t ia d ti n r M r un R ers wa s ele e H n r r on the res n of M . ig atio o da t og , ct d o o a y
S e cretary of the Society for th e ensuing year . I n addressing th e meeting th e Pres ident s p oke of th e great re re fel b e er e b er of the S e an d man u s de g t t y v y m m oci ty y o t i , Th S e ar ae l Mal n n l r . e a Mr . e wa s o n e e th t d o g with th m oci ty , ch o ogy , a nd County History h a s s us tained a s evere los s in hi s l am ented
F r an ar s h e wa s an a e member of e r C un l . d eath . o m y y e ctiv th i o ci r L r Onsl s ke He wa s th e author of many works on S ur ey . o d ow po al s o on th e p res ervation of ancient monuments an d es p ecially of t h e import an ce of p reserving historical facts b y recording them in r n I n ref rr n the m l e e Mun en R m in uil d w iti g . e i g to co p t d im t oo G ford h e s a id that Guil dford had sp ent a considerable s um of money
viii F I x REPORT O PROCEED NGS .
r ns n n n r n s r n f h M . Joh to gave a i t e es ti g de c iptio o t e architecture o f th e Church a nd al s o o f th e work of repair which h a d lately b en u T s n luded th e re l of th e e n e car ried o t . hi i c mova ightee th century ceili ngs whi ch h a d b ecome dangerous a nd t h e b ringing to h n r n ns o f fur er ll light of t e a cient roof timb e s . I dicatio th wa p aintings h a d b een di s covered of a n earlier dat e p rob ably than h a r h ll C r s e on t e s u . t e p inting Of St . h i top h o th wa
THE L E a l F n m h ANNUA XCURSION w s he d at arnham o S epte b er st . I n th e morning Waverl ey Abb ey was Visit ed by p ermis s ion of M r R r . An e s n . Th r r d a n a r ajo D . d o e uins we e ins pecte d a p p e on th e hi s r f th b r Mr E o e A b e was e d b . L . . Curr e . to y y a y . C i
Memb ers en l ef b m r - a for Vern n H us e F rn m th t y oto co ch o o , a ha , n E M rr n h wa e b e n of Mr . s . I n t e which s se y p rmis s io s . G . o i o aft ern oon a l arge n umb er a s semb led and were conducted over l Re r and re t ra F arn am C s b th e R R ub nd . H . . H s s o h a t e y ev . a p ai tion work in volvin g extens ive al teration in th e b uilding b eing n ow in r ress th e C s l e members ere ble make a n e a m na p og at a t , w a to x i tion of th e ancient s tructure which h a d n ot hitherto b een pos s ibl e . r Hub a n S ke on th e s r of th e Ca s l e fr e rl es es M . d po hi to y t om a i t tim xh b l ar numb r ur a nd l a n He e l ne a nd e i ited a ge e of p ict es p s . xp ai d th e work of al tera tion which wa s b eing carried out an d th e many w f ur f n r h b u l d n f es e th e s im ne eat es o i te es t in t e i i g . O th mo t port a nt wa s th e di s covery of th e origin al N orma n doorway in th e
re H ll th e e s en e of hi h a d b een un kn n b ef re . A G at a , xi t c w ch ow o very careful wa tch wa s b eing kept and every di s covery of interes t re rd e and wa s r b abl e en th e rk of re r was co d , it p o that wh wo p ai compl eted th e evidence ob t a ined woul d n eces s ita te a n entire re On l ea n vis ion of p revious theories on the hi story of th e fab ric . vi g th e Cas tl e members p roceeded to F arnham High Street for t ea ’ I n th e b s en e a n l a r th P r ur of St An dr e s . d te to e a ish Ch ch . w a c h e Re r C n n E M rl n wa s a e d es r b e of t . . cto , a o Gi i g , who to h v c i d h b u l di n Mr ub a n a ai n ddres s ed th e mee n a n d e t e . H i g , d g a ti g gav a n int eresting accoun t Of the history of t he Church a n d its a r hi ur c tect e .
’ P M WAY — I n n th e usual e urs ns ILGRI S MEETINGS additio to xc io , a s eries of walkin g exp editions wa s arranged during th e winter an d S pring months 1930— 3 1 for the p urpos e of examining the an cient wa y runn ing thr ough K en t a nd Surrey usually kn own as the Pil ’ ri s Wa The b b Ob ai n a r u r s of th e g m y . o j ect eing to t tho o gh g a p real cour s e and mea n ing of th e Old Road b y actual in s p ection of
ell - kn n r ns of th e firs of th e mee n s k l e in w ow p o tio it , t ti g too p ac ix REPORT O F PROCEEDI NGS . x
B d n Kent where the Roa d i s s p eciall y well p res erved . y s tu yi g the usual p os ition and chara cteris tics of th e well - defin ed p art s of th e r d in s un was e s er r e th e re b s ure oa thi co ty , it a i to t ac mo o c r u S urr The firs al k k l e on N e b er line of o te in ey . t w too p ac ov m 2 th 1 0 memb ers mee n Mai s n e Museu and r ee 9 , 93 , ti g at d to m p oc d ing b y omnib us to Thurnham Church and thence on foot al ong l a Ed n H r r an z d h n s the O d W Mr . e t e ee y . wi a t , o g i m ti g and s poke on each occas ion on the his tory of th e Road a nd on r nn The m s r n other features of inte es t co ected with it . o t impo ta t centres of interes t al ong th e Prehistoric Wa y were vis ited and all ae l ai n n f h r u Ten th e arch o ogical rem s within eas y dista ce o t e o te .
lks ere n e th e ee n - l es b e n as f ll s M wa w arra g d , m ti g p ac i g o ow aid s ne A l es f r Wr O f rd O ed d s ne Mers am to , y o d , otham, t o , xt , Go to , th , Th fur er s e n of the R Re e rk n Al b ur n s . e igat , Do i g , y Dow th ctio oad fr m lf r F rn n f r a n r Mem o Sha o d to a ham wa s p ostpo ed o othe y ear . ’ b r r r H r rk in r n n e s exp ess ed their app e ciation of Mr . a t s wo o ga izi g th e me n s an d of hi l e ur n the r h R A eti g s ct es o histo y of t e oad . l h H r fu l des cription of t e Old Wa y b y Mr . a t will b e p ublished l er in th e Collections at .
1 932
’ AN was el St am e Pal n Mar AFTERNOON MEETING h d at . J s s ace o ch th 1 2 en l r e n u b er o memb ers ere res en Mr s , 93 , wh a a g m f w p t . .
H . en es r b e t h e s r of th e b u l n a n d G ochio , d c i d hi to y i di g n u e th e r r u th e r us S e r ms n l u i n co d ct d p a ty th o gh va io tat oo , co c d g th e C el R al with hap oy .
’ PILGRIMS WAY MEETINGS — Two further walkin g exp editions al ong ’ th e P l r s Wa k la e on A ril 2nd and A r l 16 con i g im y too p c p p i th , ’ d u e b Mr Har M m . . e b ers et St C er ne s C el on ct d y t m at . ath i hap Ap ril 2nd and walked by S andy Lane to Compton a nd afterwar ds r u th e r un s of Monksh atch Pu enh On A r l 16 th o gh g o d to tt am . p i th they met at Puttenham and wal ked to the j un ction of ancient and m dern r u es in th e ne b ur of Se l e C ur o o t igh o hood a h ch .
THE - G I in r SEVENTY SEVENTH ANNUAL ENERAL MEET NG , acco d an e Rul e k l e u l f r on A ril and c with XI , too p ac at G i d o d p 3oth was el a t the u l all b kin n n of the M u l f r h d G i dh y d i vitatio ayor of G i d o d . Th e Pres en the E rl of Onsl was in th e C ai and was id t , a ow, h r, s u r e b His W rs th e M r C un ll H ppo t d y o hip ayo , o ci or W . ar vey ; L r F rrer Pres en of the S urre Re r S e and ers . o d a , id t y co d oci ty, oth The H n r r S e re r Mr Hu r . N e ll re the n e o o a y c ta y, mph y vi , ad otic O F XX REPORT PROCEEDI NGS .
n n n the n Th M co ve i g meeti g . e inutes of th e las t Annual General Mee n ere re d a nd d The A un a n ti g w a a op ted . cco ts d Report of C un l for t he e r endi n 1 1 r n e and in th e n o ci y a g 93 , p i t d ha ds of mb r r ken a r a e e s e e a s e . m , w t d
Rep ort of Coun ci l
or the ea endi n ecembe 1 t 1 1 r r 3 . f y g D 3 , 93
THE COUNCIL OF THE SURREY ARCHE OLOGICAL SOCIETY h as
le s ur e in res en in s i ts - p a p t g thi , SEVENTY SEVENTH ANNUAL R e er th e a nd M EPORT , tog th with CASH ACCOUNT STATE ENT OF A N D for th e er d n am e ASSETS LIABILITIES p io d .
PUBLI CATI ON S — D uri n g th e year two volumes of th e Collecti ons a e b een b r u ou n el ol X X X V Pa t V . r ss ue in h v o ght , am y III , t II , i d Mar for h e e n e ed Mr Gren i n t S is b s . s de a d ch , which oci ty i d t to , Vol X X X X M s s us e k n l un e k e . r s e I , which i Gi ppi i d y d too to r u th e res s a n d was s sue emb ers in O b er th o gh p which i d to m cto . Th e firs t of thes evol umes contai n s th e final Rep ort of th e exca vation of th e Roman Vill a at Ashtead ; and a full account of th e dis coveri es on th e s ite of th e Saxon Cemetery at Guil down app ears i n l X X X X . B of e e a r h e rk of Mr r Vo . L s e t . A . t e I oth th wo ow h , ’ l u b le an d er m l e e r r Th e Re r u n of R ue s va a v y co p t eco ds . p od ctio ocq Ma of S urre was th e r ubli n ss ue b th e S e p y , which thi d p catio i d y oci ty d ur n th e ear h h e un l el e es en eneral f n as t C b s s . i g y , , o ci i v , giv g ati actio Th e ma i s on sl l s mall er s al e n th e r nal b ut er s e p a ight y c tha o igi , oth wi l s es l le b re r u n ma b e men ne ere u o itt y p od ctio . It y tio d h that tho gh th e ma i s ss ued in res e of s ub s r ns re e e in 1 26 all p i p ct c iptio c iv d 9 , memb ers who have joined th e Society S ince 1 926 can ob tain it for t en s ill n S me fur er r ul rs of th e ar us e ns of h i gs . o th p a tic a v io ditio th e origin al map b etween th e y ears 1762 a nd 1775 have come to ’ nd s n e th e ubl n of th e S e s re r d u n a nd a n e ha i c p icatio oci ty p o ctio , ot ’ n hi s s u e li in h e S e s nex lum e o t b j ct will b e p ub shed t oci ty t vo . A s e nd lu e of ener l n e i s now b e n r n e a nd co vo m G a I d x i g p i t d, en h a s b een s s ue all rre rs of ublic a ns ill th e wh that i d, a a p tio w , b een d e u C un l i s l b e ble re e . o ci g ad to a to port , hav ma p
’ E rE — F ur eeks e n EXCAVATIONS AN D DI SCOV R s . o w xcavatio at Has comb e Hill Camp wa s carried out for th e Pres ident of th e A full e on s S e b Mr b l in A us . S . E Win o t u oci ty y . . g t r port thi ll S e en work will app ear in th e next volume of th e Co ecti ons . p cim fin s n s s n of fr men s of er s li n b l s b r ken uerns d , co i ti g ag t pott y , g o t , o q M f r an d rke fiints e b een res en e th e us eu uil . wo d , hav p t d to m at G d o d The S nd Brockh am L n e Be r en ne in l s a p it at a , tchwo th, m tio d a t xxi REPORT O F PROCEEDI NGS .
’ e r s Re r h as n nue el fin s of b r ken er of y a po t , co ti d to yi d d o p ott y mb er of R m n ins us es and fiint s . E e for nu vario ag , xc p t a o a co ,
r n n of ul ar n e h as b een d u u . The ns howeve , othi g partic ot g p coi
n f Mr Bar man . are now in th e p oss es sio o . D . g shi n ne r God al rni n s er of s e n eres was At Ba g, a g, a di cov y om i t t
- d F e skele n made in th e cours e of work on th e new By Pas s roa . iv to s and indications of others were found lying a few feet ap ar t immedi Fr m th e s l e en e ately in th e line of th e new roadway. o ight vid c
l n th e R m n - Br s er d avail ab le these would app ear to b e o g to o a o iti h p io . Par t of a Roman b ronze pin an d a few b its of rough p ottery were
a h e b ur ls b ut ere was no r e furn ure . A re foun d ne r t ia , th g av it p ort b y Sir Arthur Keith will b e p ub lished later with a des cription and al s Th e C un l kes s r un of n plan of th e b uri . o ci ta thi opp o t ity agai recording its appreciation of th e help given b y the Sup ervis ing Engineer an d other Officers of th e S urrey County Council in p re s erving th e fin ds from d estruction an d of their readin es s to meet a th e Society in every w y .
R I N — Two le- a nd ree al f- da e urs ns e e Excu S O s . who day th h y xc io w r f r er e Th e l an e ur n th e e r a s in rs . es i s e arr g d d i g y a , o m y a p ac v it d ere as f ll s — F eb ru r 28th 1 1 The Tem le C ur an w o ow a y , 93 , p h ch d M dl e Tem l e H ll Le urer M s er B u e W ll s n of the id p a ; ct , a t r c i iam o , Te le A r l 1 8th 1 1 n P rk a nd M M le . ers m idd mp p i , 93 , Gatto a tha E B hi s . C. . E and Le turers H. en P M C ur . . ns n h ch c , G oc o , q , , Joh to , Ma 2 8th 1 1 E n C lle e Es . and W n s q , y , 93 , to o g i d or
C s l e Le u er th e R . C. A . Alin t on . Au us 8th 1 1 a t ct r , ev g g t , 93 , W ners C ur and Alb ur Old C ur es r b e b th e R o h h ch y h ch , d c i d y ev . M n E m A . L . Br n and P . . hn s s . Se e b e th 1 1 ow , Jo to , q p t r 5 , 93 , W erle Abb e F arn C s le an d F ar n P r s C u av y y, ham a t ham a i h h rch ; d h L e s L E e E . a n t e Re s H . R e u r . C. . Curr v Hu n . . b ct r , i , q , a d .
Th e e i mu n eb Mr . R . W r S s e . S kl an he t Hon . oci ty ch i d t d to t ic d, E urs ns S e re for hi s rk in r n n ese e ur n xc io c tary, wo o ga izi g th xc s io s . Th e very large numb ers attending them are p roof of th e p op ul arity of the ee n s Th e C un il ul s u es m ti g . o c wo d gg t that memb ers n u e th e s rs e b r n b e me e b ers of th e S e i d c vi ito th y i g to co m m oci ty . I n n th e usual e u s ns s er es of al k n e edi ns additio to xc r io , a i w i g xp tio ’ al ong th e route of the Pilgrims Way wa s organ ized during th e n e n s 1 0 an d 1 1 an d r e er n eres n Un e wi t r mo th 93 93 p ov d v y i t ti g . d r th e u n e of E n H r Es . th e le of the Wa fr g ida c dwi a t , q , who y om Mai ds tone to n ear Guildford was s tudied a nd ancient s ites along th e r u e e is en e es e lk o t vis it d . It int d d that th wa s shall b e continued ur n h d i g t e spring .
— I R M AND M R M . L b r h a L BRA Y, MUSEU MUNI ENT OO The i ary s e e e the usual i ns in e n e e e r c iv d add tio xcha g with other Soci ti s . xii F x REPO RT O PROCE ED I N GS .
Among th e p resentations made during th e y ear is a fin e vol ume of C ll e ns for th e H s r of P rb r resen e b Cur s o ctio i to y i ight , p t d y Dr. ti a nd M C rn O er resen ns n lu e : W s s . ea ld en I ron i awtho th p tatio i c d , b Ern es S r ker The Archaeolo o S urre b Whim . C. s ter y t t a gy f y , y D t o well W lli and A r e A hort Hi s or E b C. S B Hi s ca l S . s i tori y f , y i f n Woodmanste ne b Sir Hen L b e Accou t o r r . f , y y am rt Additions to th e Mus eum include : Th e coll ection of fin ds from Has comb e Hill a very fin e fourteenth - cen tury J ug found at Earl s n W wood an d p res e ted b y Dr . ilfrid Hooper ; Old S urrey Barl ey b Mr u l den Re ers res en e . S e All R an C ner r Urn ap , p t d y am a om i a y fr Pu enh am resen e b Mr lin an d e e of . . B . s om tt , p t d y G Go g ; a p i c n en l a n ll n re n fin e L f P e s e e b Mr . C. S . W ll s . i o d i g, p t d y i i Th e Mun iment Room h as received addi tion s from th e British
Record Society an d als o th e very n ot abl e coll ection of Leigh - Bennet ’ ea d men ned in l X X X of h e e u l a d eeds al r y tio Vo . X I t Soci ty s p b ic ns Pr res s h as b een e in th e rk of C al u n a nd tio . og mad wo at og i g n e n an d s me rk h as l s b een un er ken in th e re ri n I d xi g, o wo a o d ta p ai g Memb er are ai n re nde n of ancient s eal s . s ag mi d of th e imp orta ce en u en fr e n of s avi ng anci t doc m ts om d structio .
THE — C un l b el e es th e n OFFICERS OF SOCIETY . The o ci i v that appoi t ’ ment of th e Executive Committee as recommended i n las t year S Rep ort h as p roved b eneficial to th e work of th e Society b y fa cilit a t ing co op eration b etween thos e who are res pons ible for admi nis bl n s and e ur i n e f r n fin n e u s s . ref re atio , a c , p icatio , xc o It th o n n n e re re s e nn recommen d s its co ti ua c . It g t to hav to a ounce th e res n n of M s s He un er k th e H n r r S e re r ig atio i ath , who d too o o a y c ta y n M M r un R ers i n ship on th e res ig ation of r . o da t og 1930 an d ers elf un ble rr on h e rk M s s He h a s now fin ds h a to ca y t wo . i ath d one a great d eal of val uab le work for th e S ociety b oth as Se cretary an d in nn e n th e L b r r and Mus eum an d th e C un l co ctio with i a y , o ci feel s h er res n n fr m th e Secretar shi will b e re ss that ig atio o y p a g at lo . s l b e ab le re mm en th e n en Mr It i g ad to to, co d appoi tm t of . ’ h e H M He l e Th Hu r N ll a s on . e r r ss e mp y vi S c eta y in i ath s p ac . C un l b el e es b e ell ualifie for th e s an d ns ers o ci i v him to w q d p o t , co id it i s p articul arly fortunate in ob tainin g th e services of a Secretary ’ who will b e living in th e n eighb ourhood of th e Society s head l df rd i ne e o h e a u Mr . Ne ll s f t e l e Mr . Ral quart rs t G i o . vi a ph w at ph N e ll s e n me is ell kn n th e l er vi , who a w ow to o d memb ers of s e Th e C un l i s l s l re en thi Soci ty . o ci a o g ad to comm d th e n men of M ss u e a s Hon E M ss us e app oi t t i Gi s pp i . ditor. i Gi pp i h as al ready done cons iderab l e work for th e Society in edi ting X X X X of h e l h Vol . t Co lecti ons an d t e C un l kes s o or I , o ci ta thi pp unit o n k n h er for h er se es in b r n n ou s u e t y f tha i g rvic i gi g t thi vol m . O F iii REPO RT PROCEEDI NGS . xx
F THE — memb ers of th e S e MEMBERSHIP O SOCIETY . The hip oci ty
res en 2 S - ree n ew emb ers e b een s tand s at p t at 6 7 . ixty th m hav el e ed ur n th e e r a nd ere a e b een 2 d e s a nd 2 1 ct d i g y a , th h v 7 ath n a ns Th e C un l re r s dee re re the rea l s s resig tio . o ci co d with p g t g t o i ned in h e de of Mr H E Mal den MA th e S e h a s s us a t . . . oci ty t ath , h n h d a e h e l e r M a s e s e t e of t s R . r who di d i c t a t p o t . Mal den p os ses s ed an unriva ll ed knowledge of th e his tory of th e e a di ffi ul County an d h e leav s a g p which it will b e c t to fill .
COUN CI L — Under Rul e I V th e following memb ers of Coun cil
— re re an d are n el b le for t e - ele n for one e r z Er rdner ti i igi ctio y a ic Ga , n n d h M rk E A R C Es . a t e R E s . M . . . . q , . , otto , q , ev a
l H r f Es . a n L e a T. C al d A . W . . w r S m nd s s . i mo ; o h c a t , q , G o th , r th e une re erms f ffi e E s . ere n e s e e o q , who w app oi t d to v xpi d t o c Hen Lam er of Dr Fl o er an d Sir r b . . y y t There i s al s o one vaca ncy to b e filled d ue to th e app ointment of
ns n a s V e - Pres d en a nd th e C un l re mm en d h e Mr . s t Joh to ic i t , o ci co l n of th e f ll in fill u t he n — Dr F . e ectio o ow g to p vaca cies . J . B E M ll n s . s s O . M. Hea N s W . Dr . H W . er icho , aco , q , i th , oop , F l E E . an d W . S . e s . H . en s G ochio , q , i d , q The C un l re re s nn un e th e res n n f o Dr W S . o ci g t to a o c ig atio . . lm n fr th e C un l a n d n n e the R C s . E er o a om o ci omi at ev . J . Jagg h ma n d er hi erm to fill t e re i of s t of office .
FINANCE — The Annual Volume for 1901 was is s ued early in 1 02 and in the s u ee n e rs e ssue was s m l ar l i n 9 , cc di g y a ach i i i y One effe of i s was n re se th e b l n arr ear . ct th to i c a a a ce at th e
Bank and e s un was O ene . T s s 1 0 , a D p o it acco t p d hi tood at £5 in 1 2 1 and the a b s en e of an ss ue all in 1 22 and a n i n 9 , c y i at 9 gai 1 26 n re s ed 00 a nd al s s ren ene th e Curr n 9 i c a it to £4 o t gth d e t account . Th e er k n of ese arre rs now n e r n le n ll ov ta i g th a , a i g comp tio , wi cancel th e one accoun t a nd weaken th e other ; a nd th e in clus ion of three annual iss ues — two of them excep tionall y cos tly— in this ’ ear s un s s s s era n in r es Th e lu e o y acco t how thi op tio p oc s . vo m f eneral n e n ow in th e ress will re res en th e 1 1 G I d x p , which p t 93 s ub s r n ill al s b e b e th e er e s and th e b lan e c iptio , w o a ov av ag co t , a c remaini ng of th e Dep os it Account (temp orarily in ves ted in War L e e n e an i s e e r . O th re e s s d e ur n 1 1 o ) xp ct d to cov it c ip t i , d i g 93 th e numb e of Sub s r ns and En r n e F ees 66 i s th e es r c iptio t a c 5 , high t on re r m ar n 6 1 1 in 1 0 and 1 i n 1 2 hi ke co d, co p i g with 93 59 9 7 , w ch ta s econd an d thir d place ; an d Sal es from Pub lications are al s o hi er n in re u ar i s e f gh tha p vio s y e s . It hop d that this s atis actory l evel will b e main tai ned in View of th e un avoidable in creas e of a dmin is trative exp endi ture an d th e des irab ili ty of keep ing up th e res en d of the ubl ns n s n . I the As se s p t ta ard p icatio t , it O F I REPORT PRO CEED N GS .
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h 1 d ma b e n e t e 0 1z s . . er en W y ot d that £3 9 5 p c t . ar Loan d r m n n f h e 11 . e o t e r includes £280 9s . ai i g t mp o ary inves tment of th e £400 whi ch was on Dep os it ; a nd that th e mar ket val ue of b oth Cons ols and War Loan at 3 rs t Decemb er— a period of d e ress n— h as r e S n e e S n rres n n p io imp ov d i c that dat , howi g a co po di g n r s e in th e b l an e in f ur of th e S e i c ea a c avo oci ty .
I n n th e n of th e Re or the Pres en S ke of movi g adop tio p t , id t po th e work that was b eing done to p reserve an cient documents in ’ th e County and of th e S ociety s work of excavation durin g the ar He e ress e th e e a e b ers ul n n p as t y e . xp d hop th t m m wo d co ti ue all e ul d r s res er n re r s of i s r al n eres to do th y co towa d p vi g co d h to ic i t t . Th e Report an d Accounts were d ul y adopted and a vote of nks th e Pres en C un l an d Offi ers of th e S e for tha to id t , o ci c oci ty d ur n th e r w arr ed una u their s ervices i g e p as t y a as c i nimo sl y. Th e memb ers n omin ated for the Coun cil in th e Report were l dul y e ected . Mr Hum r N e ll was el e e H n r r S e re r of th e . ph y vi ct d o o a y c ta y M s s u e H n r r E r The H n r r S ociety an d i Gi s pp i o o a y dito . o o a y
Tr urer Mr Ar ur B nn e was re- el e e e of nks e s . a , th o r, ct d, with a vot tha d ur n h s Mr R S kl an W . . w for hi s s ervices i g t e p a t year . . tric d as
- l n r E ur ns S re an d M r E r s ar L. C. . re e ected Ho o a y xc io ec t y ess s . R S r n r r Audi r Curr e and . dl e H a s e of nks i a i o o y to , with a vot tha e for thei r s ervi c s . Votes of thanks were then p as s ed to the Mayor for the use of l r th e Guildhall an d to Lord Ons ow for p es iding . ’ After th e meeting t ea was p rovi ded at Ab b ot s Hos pit al and an in teres tin g p aper on Deneh ol es an d Kin dred Excavations in
S urr w b Mr . B er ey ill us trated by lantern s lides as read y onn . XXV II
SUR R EY A RCHEEOLOGI CA L SOCI ETY
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F . . A . . D S LL . , EDG R ORN Sir A H E .
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Honora ry Trea surer A R R ONNER F . U . S A TH B , 8 L Curs r S ree nd n E . C. . 3 , ito t t , o o , 4 (Telephone : Holborn
Honora ry S ecreta ry U R NEV H MPH Y ILL , Hullh at ch Sh aml e r n ee . , y G (Tel ep hone : Bramley
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P . A . M . S BALHA ARTHUR BONNER,
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F . R . R BYFLEET L ICHA DS . M R D CA BERLEY EGINALD AVIES .
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. . W P M . . P . EGHA J H ILCHER , J F L YE R R . T . . O D . D . F . S . A . ESHER he ev J K , , L UDE S LE Y EWE LL C O S . WILLIS . F M F ARNHA HAROLD ALKNER, P G A M . . . . OD L ING C H PARRY, J
HASLEMERE E . W . SWANTON . M M s s P . HOL BURY ST . MARY i JOAN ARKES
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- l R Co . . . E Lt . R M . LI PSFIELD H CUNNINGTON , Z LINGFIELD S . HA ELL .
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Hol o S u r . S . F ox m C bha m r B rn es Sir . a , G , , , ey L l ll a e a lli n t hi S a nd n W on . B rr n A . C o L a o , . , p , y , g F R nda ls Ha mbledon oda lmi n B n R ou . ar C . . . to , ap t , , , G g n w s Hill u old Fa rnha m Ba s ll M. A o n R n . ha , Joh , D , f , d e oda lmi n B s f rd H L i bon Lo . Rev . . a h o , . , D g , G g B es E nes Wi nwn Cro t P url e owns Roa d at , r t , f , y D ,
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1 n i d more S unn i de H a t 26 Br . Br s e hden e Road Wa lli n to 9 ow , G g , y , , g n . * 18 8 Bur es s C rl es Bi rch Ha n er oda lmi n 9 g , ha , g , G g . 1 B ur l A Li ttl a bles e P a r E 20 . . e 2 0 Th ad e s om. 9 , D , G , , , p
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m M B I rove La ne Ki n s ton - u on - Tha mes 1 2 1 S s s . 2 9 ith , i . , 5 , G , g p . 1 m l ees P a La ne A s ht ad W . S i vertr r e . 22 S C. k 9 ith , , , , v We t E nd Vi ca a e m H . s r Chobha . 1 2 1 S m e R e . W . 9 . yth , , g , m e L Oc a m E d Cobha m 1 2 S s . . . kh n . 9 7 oa , J G , , B l ml ei h N i hti n a le R a d ow rb u s A M Mus . P 1 2 S e tt . . . C. . o 9 7 , J , , , y g , g g , d Gui l f ord . M t os s We bri d e M. S . Cr . 1 26 S ens s s E . 9 p , i , , y g 1 d e M T Dr down S here ui ld ord 0 S s ss . . 93 p otti woo , i , y , , G f ’ * R a d W. 1 . 1 n l Re ent s P a rk o N . 2 S t a dfie d F . 6 9 7 , , 4 , g , * l K t b v a e ea en . 1 0 1 S eb n W . P . D . F i e W s U r 9 t i g , , y , pp D , * A 1 i hti n a l e La n e S Mill B N . W. 1 188 S e ens n . . 2 . 9 t p h o , , , 49 , g g , d wa rd d B o rn m uth S e ens o wi n Ho Roa u e o . 1 00 C. S . o 9 t v , , G , ,
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T r a nd o t i d a ra nl ei h . e H . F . S cr R w C ho p , , f , g y , g Leere Cotta e Ches tnut A ve ue i ld d T . S . . u or r e T C n . ho p , , g , , G f ti t t o Hi ll ki Ti em a Mrs . 10 Con s u i n Wa n . y , , , , g i e Tll M s tudl e We br d . s V . S i , i , y , y g
T n . M ea d w H u e Ha s leme e own e d M V . o o s r . , , , n M to Ha ll Roa d T e d 1 er n S W. 1 . ns . ow , G , , 9 Tr er E F a i l a wn es t Hors le r W . i , . , , y _ m Mr ob a m Ri d es The M a ultwa a mberl e Tr n a s . Ch h C i gh , , g , y , y ,
S urrey . Tr n M s s Chobha m Ri d es The M a ultwa Camber i gham , i D g , y ,
l e S urre . y , y Tr n am Rev C n n Lon c os s Chobha m S ur e r r . i gh , . a o , g , , y r r A i i e Redhill T e . W . ow , , gg , l r i to Turn er Mrs . en s 2 6 M a e Roa d S u b n , D i , , p , .
le B ula H l e wood E 1 U C r s 6 e h i l U r N or S . . PTON, ha , 4, , pp , 9
lfr B M a n W . A . 12 h cer La n e V Rev. C W C . 2 AILLANT , i id , 3 , y , . . Mr M E as t o B a le Van Less en s . . . M a n r r m , D , , y . l iii A R H/E O LO G I CA L x v S U R R EY C SOC IETY .
1 28 a u an - M r n La S a ri s beri e Wes n V t Cla don . 9 gh o ga , dy , ,
- Lei t H ll r h i Pla ce . 1 12 V u n W ll ms M s . orki n 9 a gha i ia , , , D g T e r s s wa Li Vawdre R . W h C o s m s eld 1 2 . 9 3 y , y , p fi 1 2 V r Publ L b r r Melb urne Aus ral c a M es s rs 9 5 icto ia ic i a y, o , t ia , / . n Pi cca di ll 1 H S athera Ltd . W y . , 43 , y , . . 1 16 V r a nd Alb er Mus eu L b r r S K ens i n t on S . W 9 icto ia t m i a y , . g , . 7 .
Lucks r en tta e ra nl 2 W T m . 1 as S e Co C ei h . 9 5 ADE , ho , G g , g W Ti mberhi ll Roa d Ca ter a m a lle 1 Wa ne . h V S ur e 22 r . 9 i , G , y , y d B i t l a r l Wal . . Wh e P ce a n i h 1 1 C e . 9 9 y , J , , g 1 0 W l f rd B r ers 6 N ew Ox ord S treet W C 1 9 3 a o oth , , f , . . . H e M T e m l Wal ker A . . D h Com on ra ei 1 2 1 . C n h 9 , op , , , g . 1 1 Wal ker La d S us n La ns downe S dne Roa d ui ld ord 93 , y a , , y y , G f . ’ 8 W lker Emer 16 l i ord s nn 1 Sir C I E C . 94 a , y , , f , . 4 T E D . e N ew ous e s e Wal ker F M. H r 1 2 R . . h h . 9 3 , , , , E i n r a r C. S r ove Cob m. 1 26 Wal ke T. . h 9 , , p g G , a ll a ce C Wa lcot B ra mbledawn Roa d Wa lli n t n 1 0 W . o 93 , , , , g . Wal le en er C W ke Hi ll H s Wi nc e ter 1880 S . ou e h s . p o , p c , y , 1 W a l ers H Ha ldi sh S ha ml e re n i 0 . e u ld ord . 93 t , J , y G , G f a l r H Ha ld h l W e s Mr . . . i s S ha m e reen i d 1 0 s u ld or . 93 t , J , , y G , G f
- - l r Mr A . 0 rove es cent K i n t n m 1 1 Wa e s s . Cr s o ou Tha es . 93 t , , 5 , G , g
Li me Cotta e la a te u e . 1 1 W l n F ra nk W . C S rr 9 3 a to , , g , yg , y l L t l n W n d r Pub b r r Wes Hi l Wa ds wort S W. 18 . 1 88 s h . 9 a wo th ic i a y , , ,
B B A M i x a - - a m s 1 0 W rb ur n H . . . 1 1 ount F el W lton ou Th e . 93 a to , , ,
A rle R dens R a d a lto - o - a mes n R . o W n u Th . 1 26 W rb ur . 9 a to , J , y , y , d H N orma nhurs t Albi on Roa d tton 1 22 W r . S . S u . 9 a , , , , 1 Wa rd Mrs B ourn e Cres t F a rnha m 1 . . 93 , J , P a k enma r H ll E E . rove r k i S . . . 1 20 W rd W . 9 a , , 9 , G , D , 5 W 6 E a st S heen Avenue M ortla ke 1 2 2 W s W . . 9 att , 4 , , ,
W. 1 . S . 4
P T a rde Wa lton - ou - T a me 1 10 Web b er H he n h s . 9 , cy G ,
b r oun t Ha ll K i n s ton - on - Tha mes 1 1 Web Pe . C . 93 , cy J , y , g ke M E H Waodma ncourt odalmi n 1 0 Wee s s s . . . 93 , i , , G g M m l a e Te e rd ns E C. . 1 2 1 Weekl e . . 9 y , G , 3 , p G , 4 * A s hlei h L ld Roa d Wi mbled on 1 10 Well s Sir W . eo o 9 , , g , p , ,
W. 1 . S . 9 l ll ea l a m P a e Hi S e F a rnh . 1 2 Wend Mrs . de 93 , , y , , H l e e B a rb r Ha tch F i eld Wes t ors . 1 26 W s Mrs . n e 9 t , Ja a a, , y
a d ns S ua re W 2 . W s rn M M F F A K ens i n ton r e . 1 1 e e s s . . . 6 93 t , i , 9 , g G q ,
1 Wh ims ter S outh Lod e Rus hmore Hi ll K n ockhalt K en t. 2 C. 9 9 , D . , g , , ,
1 a El r t l remont A venue Waki n . 22 W b urn A . . S u r mc o C a 9 hit , G t t , f , , g E 1 22 W e Au us us 8 rea t Wi nchester S treet . C 2 . 9 hit , g t , , G , 1 t er a a l 22 Wh e W . W . S ou h n od mi n . 9 it , , y , G g 1 L m s eld 1 W m r Mr H L le a rk i . e s . . . Tench s P 93 hit o , , y , p fi
S U RR EY E I I ARC H OLOG CAL SOC ETY .
HON O RA RY M M B R S E E .
M er ru e M uns tead Wood oda lmi n Y s s . JEK LL , i G t d , , G g
MI Re n l All en er B . A . Briti s h M us eum W C 1 S TH , gi a d d , , , .
S O C I TI S 85 C I N UN I ON E E , ,
H I WHIC EXCHANGE PUBL CATIONS .
M M R W r es er ss U. S . A . A ERICAN ANTIQUA IAN SOCIETY, o c t , a Pr fes H il n . r ASSOCIATED ARCHITECTURAL SOCIETIES o so A . am to T s n Be k C a e A el Lee s homp o , c ott g , d , d . AN D G R E R l n BRISTOL LOUCESTERSHI E ARCH OLOGICAL SOCIETY . o a d Aus n 2 P ken R l u es er ti , 4 , ar d oad, G o c t . ’ E E D ARCHEOLOGI E DE Mus ée d e l a P r e d e BRUXELLES , SOCI T . o t
Hal , Bruss el s .
BUCKI NGHA MSHIRE ARCHITECTURAL AN D ARCHE OLOGICAL SOCIETY . l B e l e . W. tch y B B rn ar B I E . . M . A . CA RIDGE ANTIQUAR AN SOCIETY a d , 2 rk r b e 6 W S ee C r . , a worth t t , am idg D CAMBRIDGESHIRE AN HUNTINGDONSHIRE ARCHE OLOGICAL SOCIETY . Vi ers l e el H Rev E H . L S uk un . e s . . g , itt t y , t L AN D E C n n CHESTER ARCHITECTURA ARCH OLOGICAL SOCIETY . a o R A Th e ll e er T s C e C es . . . homa , o g , h t
R F h e Mu eu T ur . O . T s CORNWALL , OYAL INSTITUTION m, r o D P urre E H. C ERBYSHIRE ARCH OLOGICAL SOCIETY . . y , M ke Pl e er r b . 3 , a t ac , D y H Andre s E C. EAST HERTFORDSHIRE ARCH OLOGICAL SOCIETY . . w ,
W . . V r a nd Alb er Museu S u Kens n n S . icto ia t m , o th i gto , 7
R Th e Museum Hul l . EAST IDING ANTIQUARIAN SOCIETY . , l ARCHIEOLOGI CAL Th e C s l e C es er . ESSEX SOCIETY . a t , o ch t D Rev S e n EXETER IOCESAN ARCHITECTURAL SOCIETY . . h rwi , l C s H d n ne r E e er . y t y o , a x t M F F r nk W rren S le rdens Win HA PSHIRE IELD CLUB . a a , tap Ga ,
Ches ter . THE R F F 6 Merr n O O . IRELAND , OYAL SOCIETY ANTIQUARIES 3 , io S u e ubl n q ar , D i . M i ds ne E The Mus eu . KENT ARCH OLOGICAL SOCIETY . m , a to M M li LI ST O F E BERS .
R W rdma n R A N D . . LANCASHI E CHESHIRE ANTIQUARIAN SOCIETY a , M s e r dl es re s S ee C e e C . 53 , a i t t , h a , h hi N D E LEICESTERSHIRE ARCHITECTURAL A ARCH OLOGICAL SOCIETY .
M r Freer V D S A 10 N ew S ree Le es er . F . . ajo , . . , , t t , ic t THE OF Burl n n H us e OF . LONDON, SOCIETY ANTIQUARIES i gto o , a ll W 1 P d . . icc i y , N D E B s o s a e LONDON A MIDDLESEX ARCH OLOGICAL SOCIETY . i h p g t C ns u e E . 2 . I tit t , S A M nnes U. . . MINNESOTA HISTORICAL SOCIETY, i ota,
N - - E F F Th e TH O O . EWCASTLE UPON TYNE , SOCIETY ANTIQUARIES
- - L b r r Th e C s le N e s le u n T ne . i a y, a t , wca t po y H E G R . AN D . N W ENGLAND HISTORIC ENEALOGICAL SOCIETY . A l e n . S . Ed Mem r al R ms As b ur n P B s U . dy o i oo , 9 , h to ac , o to , N N R H L I L u ld all H ll AN D A C JEO OG CA . ORFOLK ORWICH SOCIETY G i h i ,
Norwich .
~ - l L P s La n d Mus eum Wels . POWY S AN D . CLUB owy , hp oo l 1 m ur a C. . R E 1 B sb S u re W . OYAL ARCH OLOGICAL INSTITUTE , 9 , oo y q , ll u e 1 C. . R 22 Rus s e S r W . OYAL HISTORICAL SOCIETY, , q a ,
R OF C n u S ree W . 1 . OYAL INSTITUTE BRITISH ARCHITECTS , 9 , o d it t t , C E ST N D E . . A . . ALBANS ARCHITECTURAL ARCH OLOGICAL SOCIETY l ne rk L d e S b n . s t . A s Jo , Yo o g , a THE F F N nal Mus eum o f O O . SCOTLAND , SOCIETY ANTIQUARIES atio An u r es ueen S ree Ed nb u . tiq iti , Q t t , i gh D N SHROPSHIRE ARCHE OLOGICAL AN ATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY . Pub l L b ra r a nd M se m re s b ur u u S . ic i y , h w y M M m n n S . N a n l useu W s U . S ITHSONIAN INSTITUTION , tio a , a hi gto ,
. A U S . .
E E E RS I A I S E L M ée St Hel er er e . e us . s SOCI T J , i , J y . M E AN D N Th e SO ERSET ARCH OLOGICAL ATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY . Mus eum T un n , a to . M K ON GL VI TTE RHETS OCH ANTI UI TETS STOCKHOL , . HISTORIE Q A A MI E N K DA .
OF E Mo ses H ll Mus eum SUFFOLK INSTITUTE ARCH OLOGY . y a , r dm Bu St . E und y s . ARCHIE OLOGI CAL B rb n H us e Le es SUSSEX SOCIETY . a ica o , w . 16 ueen S ua re Leed . s . THORESBY SOCIETY , Q q , ll lk . H nd W er 1 P r e n . k V ll N THOROTON SOCIETY J o a a , 5 , a a y, otti g h m a .
W E AN D N ILTSHIRE ARCH OLOGICAL ATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY . Th e Mus eum e z es . , D vi W ARCHi EOLOGI L Rev ll eff r CA . W s d ORCESTER SOCIETY . J . i i , D o V r e W r es er ica ag , o c t .
E E . Cr s le P W. s . S . A YORKSHIRE ARCH OLOGICAL SOCIETY . o y , Th e L b r r 10 P rk Pl a e Leed s . i a y , , a c , li E i S U RREY ARC H OLO GI CAL SO CIETY .
LI BR A RI ES
WHICH RECEIVE PUBLICATIONS .
H O T E . BODLEIAN , XFORD HE M T BRITISH MUSEU . M R m r d e U C b . CA BRIDGE NIVERSITY LIB ARY, a i g bl u n . TRINITY COLLEGE LIBRARY , D i
N W Ab er s . ATIONAL LIBRARY OF ALES , y twy th
E O er La ne W C 2 . TH R C n . . LIBRARY, PUBLIC ECORD FFICE , ha c y ,
THE N Ed nb ur . ATIONAL LIBRARY OF SCOTLAND , i gh RULES O F THE S U R R EY A RCHIEO LO GI CAL S O C I ETY
I — T e e s al l b e ll ed THE E . h Soci ty h ca SURREY ARCH OLOGICAL
SOCIETY .
11 — Th e b e s of s S e S al l b e . o j ct thi oci ty h
To ll e a n d ub l s th e b es nf rma n on th e An en 1 . co ct p i h t i o tio ci t Arts a n d Monuments of th e County : incl udin g Pre his toric An u es Ar e ure C l E l es s l and M l r tiq iti ; chit ct , ivi , cc ia tica , i ita y ; S ul ure P n n s on W l l s W d or l s s H s r a nd c pt ai ti g a , oo , G a i to y An ui es m r s n Man rs M n r a l R s Pr l e es tiq ti , co p i i g o , a o i ight , ivi g , a nd Cus toms ; Heral d ry a n d Genea logy ; Cos tume ; N umis ma ti cs ; Cera mics ; Eccl es ia s tical His tory a nd Endowm ents ; ll er a n d C ar a b l e F und a ns Re rd s etc . and a h it o tio , co , ; oth
ma tters comp ris ed under th e head of Archaeology .
To r ure reful b s er ns and res er n of 2 . p oc ca o vatio p vatio antiquities d is covered i n th e p rogres s of works s uch a s Ra il Bu ld n etc a s F un ns oi s . w y , o datio i i g ,
T n ra e nd ual s or b l b d e i n m k n 3 . o e cou g i ivid p u ic o i s a i g res e r es a nd ex ns and ff r em s u es ns and a ch cavatio , a o d th gg tio
- co op eration .
To e a nd re en a s far a s ma b e r b l e a n . s 4 op po p v t , y p actica , y n ur es M numen s of e er es r n ma i j i with which o t v y d c iptio y , fr m me me b e rea ene and ll e ur e o ti to ti , th t d ; to co ct acc at
d r n s l ns and es r ns ere f . awi g , p a , d c ip tio th o
— Th e S e S al l ns s of Memb ers and H n r r III . oci ty h co i t o o a y mb er nd d l s S e es or ns u n Me s u s . , I ivi a , oci ti I tit tio
— Th e ffa rs of th e S e S all b e n u e b a C un l of I V . a i oci ty h co d ct d y o ci
Ma n emen ns s of th e Pres den V e - Pres en s Tre s urer ag t to co i t i t , ic id t , a , S e re ar or S e re r es and Edi r s ll b e el e e nnu ll c t y c ta i to , who ha ct d a a y a nd of en - f ur memb ers S i x of S ll b e el e e ea tw ty o , whom ha ct d ch y ear for a p eriod of four y e ars and Shall then retire and b e ineli gibl e for e - el e n ll f er l a s e of on e I n n es e r ctio ti a t a p e y ar . additio to th t h e Council may CO- opt annu ally for a p eriod of one y ear n ot more i x di n l me b er Th l m e n s s . e C un a u n th e a tha ad tio a m o ci y , p o d th or res n n of a n el e e emb er co - o t n er me b er i n ig atio ct d m , p a oth m hi s l a e for the unex r n f i f memb p c pi ed p ortio o h s p eriod o ers hip . T ree m emb ers of th e C un l e lus e of the S e re ar or S e re h o ci , xc iv c t y c i e s a ll f r u rum All ffi ar s . es s ll b e n r r . t , h o m a q o o c ha ho o a y lii i liv /E S U R REY A RC H OLO GI CAL SO CIETY .
— Th e n mes of n d es for Memb ers s a ll V . on t he a ca di at hip h , r en n m n n Of Memb er b e s ub e the C un l fo w itt o i atio a , mitt d to o ci r l n e ectio .
I — E Memb er S al l a a n Annu l r V . ach h p y a S ub s c ip tion of Ten Shill n s b e d ue on th e I s t of nu r in e e r i n n e i g , to Ja a y ach y a , adva c , a nd a n En r n e F ee of Ten S ll n s or 8 in l eu ere f a s t a c hi i g , £ i th o , a e e a n n n compos ition for l ife . Soci ti s d I s titutio s shall not b e em titl ed to p ay a comp os ition .
— T n M m e VI I . h e S ub s criptio s of e b rs s hal l entitl e them to one cop y of al l p ub lica tions is s ued b y d irection of th e Council d uring their Memb ers hip and no p ublication s hal l b e i s s ued to Memb ers ub ns e in a rrea r Memb ers s e s ub r n whos e S s criptio ar . who s c ip tio s a re u wa rds o two ea rs i n rre r ma f er d ue n e b e rem e p f y a a y , a t otic , ov d L M b r from th e is t of em e s .
— Al l m n b e m e h e Tre ur V . e s t s er the un III p ay t to ad to a , to acco t of th e S e s u Ba nk n - us e a s th e S e ma d re oci ty , at ch i g ho oci ty y i ct a nd no Cheque s hal l b e d ra wn e xcep t b y order of th e Coun cil a nd every cheque S hal l b e S igned b y th e Treas urer on b ehal f of th e
Society .
, — Th e L r — L eu ena n of th e C un al l Memb er . s of th e IX o d i t t o ty , Hous e of Peers res iding i n or who a re Landed Prop rietors in the County ; a l s o al l Memb ers of th e Hous e of Common s rep res enting th e County or its Boroughs ; th e High Sheriff of th e County for th e me b e n th e C rm n of th e S urre C un C un l a nd su ti i g hai a y o ty o ci , ch er ers ns as the C un l ma e ermine s al l b e n e oth p o o ci y d t , h i vit d to
- i M m r h b e me V e Pres d en s f e b e s of t e S e . co ic i t , oci ty
~— Pers n s em n en for e r s er es Ar ae l or An X . o i t th i vic to ch o ogy ti qua ri a n Res earch Shall b e eligib l e to b e a s s ociated to th e Society a s H n ra r Memb ers an d b e el e e a t ener l Mee n a nd o o y , ct d a G a ti g no p ers on s hal l b e nomin ated to this clas s without th e s an ction of n th e Cou cil .
— An nn ener l Mee n s ll b e el s u e . A ual XI G a ti g ha h d at ch dat , t me an d l e a s th e C un l s all n re e e and ns er i p ac o ci h appoi t , to c iv co id th e Re r an d A un s of th e C un l on th e s e of th e S e po t cco t o ci tat oci ty , n a nd to el ect th e Ofii cers for th e ens ui g twelve months .
— T l u er ene Me n s i n e XII . here S hal b e al s o s ch oth G ral eti g ach ear for the re d n of a ers a n d er b us nes s b e el y a i g p p oth i , to h d at s uch times and places as th e Council may direct .
— Th l ma an me l l l ener l XIII . e Counci y at y ti ca a Sp ecia G a Mee n a nd e s al l a t al l mes b e b und d o s o on th e r en ti g , th y h ti o to w itt re u s n of Ten Memb ers s e f n th e na ure of th e b us nes s q i itio , p ci yi g t i n f a n l e n to b e tra s a cted . N otice o th e time d p ace of s uch Me ti g lv R U LES .
S all b e s en to th e Memb ers l ea s f ur een s re us l h t at t o t day p vio y , mentioning the s ub j ect to b e b rought forward ; a nd no other Me n s ub j ect s hall b e dis cus s ed at s uch eti g . X I V — Th e Council shall mee t for th e trans action Of b us ines s connected with th e mana gement of th e Society on s uch da y s a s m r th e Council s hal l from time to ti e di e ct .
— At e r Mee n of th e S e or of th e C un l the res lu XV . e v y ti g oci ty , o ci , o ns Of th e m r res en S al l b e b nd n a nd s u Mee n s tio ajo ity p t h i i g, at ch ti g the C rma n S al l e s n e n e en en l of hi s e hai h hav a ca ti g vot , i d p d t y vot l a s a Memb er of the S e or of th e C un a s th e s e ma b e . oci ty o ci , ca y
— Th e C un l s al l b e em ere n L l S e re X VI . o ci h pow d to appoi t oca c i l i n th e C un a s ma e r es ra ble taries n s uch p aces o ty y app a d i .
— H n r r Memb ers an d L l S e re r es s h all e a ll XVII . o o a y oca c ta i hav th e p rivil eges of Memb ers excep t tha t of voting .
— Th e l e effe s and r er of th e S e s a ll XVIII . who ct p op ty oci ty h b e “ und er th e n r l and a n emen of th e C un l S a ll b e a t co t o m ag t o ci , who h l b er ur s e b ks s s or er r l es or ex a n e i ty to p cha oo , ca t , oth a tic , to ch g or dis p os e of dupl icates thereof . X I X — The Council Shall have th e power of p ublis hing s uch a ers a nd en r n s a s ma b e eemed r of b e n r n ed p p g avi g y d wo thy i g p i t , e er Re r of the Pr ee n s of th e S e b e tog th with a po t oc di g oci ty , to n An l l um is s ued i n th e form of a nua Vo e .
- Th e um f five un s ou o XX . s o p o d t f th e compos ition of each L fe Memb er and s o mu of th e sur l us of th e n me a s the i , ch p i co C un l ma d re f er r n for th e urren e ens es o ci y i ct (a t p ovidi g c t xp , r n n th e Annua l V l ume s al l b e n es e i n ern en p i ti g o , h i v t d Gov m t S e ur es a s th e C un l ma d eem m s e e en th e n eres c iti , o ci y o t xp di t i t t onl y to b e a vail abl e for current dis b urs ements ; a nd no p ortion S al l b r n u th e s n n of n r l M h e withd aw witho t a ctio a Ge e a eeting .
X X L— TWO Memb ers s hall b e annual ly appointed to audit th e un s of th e S e a nd re or ere n the Annu acco t oci ty , to p t th o at al
General Meeting .
X X — N O rel us or l l s us s ns s al l b e rm II . igio po itica di c io h p e itted Mee n s of the S e nor s of s m l n ure e at ti g oci ty , top ic a i i ar at admitt d ’ in th e Society s p ub l ications .
— N n e ll b m i X X III . O cha g sha e ade n the Rul es of th e Society e e S e l ener l Mee n xc p t at a p cia G a ti g . XXIV — The Trustees of the Society for al l p urposes Shall b e th e Pres en a nd Tre surer for the e b e n id t a tim i g. BY- LAW S
ORDERED B Y THE COUNCIL FOR THE GOVERN EN OF THE R R M T LIB A Y .
— Th e L b ra r S al l b en for 1 . e th e us e of Memb ers d a l i y h op i y , with th e ex e n of S un s a nd th e us ual enera l c p tio day g holid a y s .
— Memb ers s e Annua l S b r n l 2 . who u s c iptio s S hal not b e more than three months i n a rrea r ma y b orrow out o f the Lib ra ry a n n umb er of r n ed lumes n ot e x ee in r ee a nd y p i t vo c d g th , m a ex a n e a n s u l umes a s Of en a s e l ea s e y ch g y ch vo t th y p , p rovid ed they d o not have more than three vol umes i n
th eir pos s es s ion a t a ny one time .
All a l a n s for th e l n of b ks S all b e ma d e r 3 . p p ic tio oa oo h e ithe b r n th e L b r r n Ca s l e Ar uildf rd y w iti g to i a ia , t ch , G o , who ll l ea e th e l umes a t th e L b rar b e al l ed for or wi v vo i y to c , ers na ll t he Ca re ker th e L b ra r W m p o y to ta at i y , to ho a s n e re e s a ll b e en ig d c ip t h giv .
— A L b ra r el er B k S al l b e ke i n S ll b e 4 . i y D iv y oo h p t , which ha en ered th e l e of e er b k b rr e th e n e of t tit v y oo o ow d , am
th e b rr er a n d th e me of b rr w n . o ow , ti o o i g
— N O b k l en out of th e L b r r s al l b e re ai ned for l n er 5 . oo t i a y h t a o g r n p e iod than two mo ths .
— Memb ers b rr n a n b k fr m th e L b r r S ll b e 6 . o owi g y oo o i a y ha res pons ibl e to th e Society for i t s s a fety a nd good con d ition from th e time of its l eaving th e Lib ra ry to i ts re urn a n d in th e s e of l s s or ma e h e s l l re l e t ca o da g , ha p ac r k th e s ame o ma e it good .
— P r n not b e n Memb ers of th e S e m a b e a dm e 7 . e s o s i g oci ty y itt d the L b r r ns ul r n ed b ks on th e n r to i a y to co t p i t oo , i t o d u n ers n a l or i n ri n of Memb er s l l b e ctio p o w ti g a , who ha res p ons ibl e for th e care and s afety of any b ooks S O con
s ul ted b y th e p ers on h e int roduces .
8 — er b k a ken fr th e S el es b Memb er or ers n . Ev y oo t om h v y a p o n r u e b a Memb er mus b e re u ne th e l e i t od c d y , t t r d to p ac i m from wh ch it wa s re oved .
l Vi
AN ACCOUNT OF THE BUI LDINGS OF NEWARK PRI ORY
’ W ITH A NOTE ON I TS F OU NDERS FAMILY
M H . E E F A . N C . P R S . CAPTAI . A C , .
HE p rop os a l to e xcavat e the S ite of Newark Priory origin ate d wi th th e Surrey Arch aeological Socie ty which wa s good en ough to make a s ufficie nt gran t from i t s s mall e xcava tion fun d to en able me to s tart operations i n May 1928 . Th e e n n fun s e e c ll e e l b se lf b ut r mai i g d w r o ct d part y y my , n u s s k lful e b . ill S e e s n w e chi fly y Mr M t ph o , itho t who i fin an cial man agemen t the project coul d n ot have b een carrie d u a n A W Cl f e uen l B h e d . . . thro gh . oth Mr apham , r q t y i s e th e S e a n d e e a n d s u es ns a s th e k V it d it , th ir advic gg tio to wor e n lu b l me u n th e le S i x n s of th e w re i va a e to . D ri g who mo th work I had th e advantage of a n e xcellen t a n d enthus ias tic R l m n S l a n th ss s n f Mr . B oxa f e e e e d e e o . . or ma , G org a , a i ta c N , k r n b b s n ls n eb e who too cha ge whe I had to e a e t . I am a o i d t d Mr Bl oxa m for n of t h e s e u e a n d to . ma y photograph r prod c d , E C P e n f r h n l f h l ns . s o t e of t e . to Mr . . r to fi a orm two p a Ne wark Priory s tood among th e wat er meadows on th e e e of th e r s of S en a n d R l e a nd ne r th e b un r dg pa i h d ip y , a o da y n on n un o f b etween it a n d Pyrford . No i dicati s have b ee fo d a ny b u il ding upon th e s pot e arl ier than that of which th e " e ins s ll s n a nd th e P i s n o ub th e n ew r ma ti ta d , riory do t pl ace which Rua ld d e Caln a inten de d s ho ul d b e b uil t upon th e S ill en ll e Aldeb ur Th e us e wa s d ss l e pot t th ca d y . ho i o v d on 1 n u 1 Sir An n B wne b e n ut i n a s 5 Ja ary , 539 , tho y ro i g p f e f r th e C wn arm r o ro . The accoun t s of the Augmentation Office S how that h e wa s ren ting th e S ite of th e l at e mon as tery along with th e demes ne l n s i n 1 0— 1 and i s b b l e s u s of th e a d 54 4 , it pro a that ch part r B 2 NEWARK PRI O RY . b u il di ngs a s could e as ily b e demolis h ed were at on ce pull e d f r th e s ke of th e l e f s n e s n e n o etc . dow a ad , a hio d to , Sir An thon y had a gran t of t h e man or of Ripley a n d of all ’ th e l ate Prior y s pos s e ss ion s i n th e paris h in July 1544 : b ut ne e h e n or h is es en n s e e l e u n s e ith r d c da t v r iv d po thi prop rty , a n d there i s n o reas on for thin king that th e S ite of th e Priory wa s e n use a s e n en ell n - l e Af e ev r agai d a p rma t dw i g p ac . t r t h e in itial s tr ippin g of th e b uildings th ey were n ot at a ny one e s s e ll es e b ut e e ulle wn a n d t im y t matica y d troy d , w r p d do d ug up for road a n d b u il din g material in haphazard fas hion A r n r n l a s occas ion aros e . cco di g to G os e th ey were o y s ave d from complete dis appe ar an ce b y th e in terven tion of Spe aker
ns l d in 1 68 . O ow , who ied 7
Rema i ns of Church .
Th e Church wa s b uil t throughout of flin t rub b l e with Re igate s tone dres s ings a n d th e foll owing portions remain ab ove groun d 1 Th e e e b s of th e es b er on th e n S e a nd . thr ay pr yt y orth id , a n n h u T e e th e mid dl e d wes tern b ays o t e s o th s ide . h r a re in dications of th e e as tern ret urn wall at th e n orth n l e as t a g e . Th e ree b s of th e n th e s s e a n d th e 2 . o th ay choir outh id , l ns f b s n h e n r s ower portio o two ay o t o th ide . Th e s u ns e l e e a s i ts wa ll s a n d th e 3 . o th tra pt , comp t to , ‘ s outh ern wall o f on e o f two chapel s le adin g e as twar d On th e u e f es Of th e e s ll of s from it . o t r ac a t wa thi tran s ept an d of th e s outh wall of th e presb yter y there a re in dication s which e n ab le one to re cons truct b oth l thes e chape s . Th e l e a of ee ll s b el n in one of 4 . ow r p rt thr wa o g g to two corres pon di ng chapel s l e ading from th e e as t Of th e n ns e H n on th e u e f e of the orth tra pt . ere agai o t r ac n orth wall of th e presb yt ery are in dication s en ab lin g l u s to re cons tru ct th e other chape .
P f th e s u ll of th e b el - ul e s s e 5 . art o o th wa arr va t d pa ag b e een th e s u ns e a n d th e e us e tw o th tra pt chapt r ho , f lk th l eadi n g rom th e Clois t er wa to e ce me tery . A n of th e u ll of th e s u s le of th e n e 6 . portio o ter wa o th ai av l in n i ts S y g upo ide . PLATE I
face pag e 2 PLATE II
w f S . a s o ea s ern a r m S o w n S ri n o f c o r a r ch . ll t , h i g p g h i
w 5 . a o f ra n h w n m a r s o f XV S . s e S o w n . a r o f S a s e a n d S . S d e ll t p t , i g k ll . t p t i
a b e o f e a s ern c a u s ra ra n e - . of re ro c o r S o w n m a r s o f g l t l t l g t h i , h i g k S a s e r o f i l o . f ace pa ge 3
4 NEWARK PRI ORY . b etween s creen a nd pulpitum would thus form a s mall retro choir . I t i s n oteworthy that the choir proj e cte d s tructurally in to n T s i s n the wes ter arm . hi o case of th e eas te rnmos t b ay of n e b e n cut off f e Th e a the av i g to orm a r trochoir . wes tern b y of th e wa s ul e l e th e e a n choir va t d ik oth r two , d though th e n ave ais les e xten de d one b a y further eas tward than th e n ave s e l f e a re n ns s u e s n e it , th re i dicatio gg ti g that th y , too , may e b een s u off i n li ne th e ul u Th hav h t with p pit m . e ch a ir wa s 2 fe l n e n i o f 2 fee n s 4 et o g with a m a w dth 5 t 9 i che . Th e w e of e u l es n i H n C . . rit r the archit ct ra d criptio the V . of S urrey s ees i n the l a y - out at Newark e viden ce of a n older b uil i n s et a Sli l ffe en s e es n e b th e C d g at ght y di r t axi , r pr e t d y hoir n h i s n u He s u a d n ave of t e e x ti g ch rch . gges ts that th e pres en t C i sen s th e esb e a n d s s bl th e ls ho r repre t pr yt ry , po i y choir a o ,
— of a S imple twelfth - cen tury church a ll els e b ein g thirteenth n cen tury enlargeme ts . S uch detailed work a s e xis t s gives little groun d for s u ch d ffe en n b e n all of ns n n th e s e e l i r tiatio , i g it co o a t with am ar y
- r I n e es h e e f thirt eenth cent u y date . ord r to t t t d gree o impor h e s u l n i n n ce t o b e e t o t s e e x s . ta attach d ppo d a t ratio a i , Mr Clapham h a s made a careful s urvey of what remain s ab ove und gro . I t wa s foun d th at the differen ce i n orien tation b etween l V C . H n n h . lan sb e a d ch o S O e s n o t e . pre yt ry ir, mark d y how p , i s in e l e r n u ere i s n ee S l n e r a ity v ry t ifli g , tho gh th i d d a ight cha g i n Th e u l e l f e b i n l nes f th e axis . q adri at ra orm d y draw g i rom
‘ two e as t ern an gl es Of th e pres b yt ery t o th e two wes t ern angles of th e choir— ign orin g th e di r ection of t h e choir walls
— n But i s foun d to have a n a ll b ut cons is tent mea l in e . where as th e presb yt ery h a s a width at e ither e n d of 2 5 fee a n d th e s e n of 2 fee 6 n es th e t , choir a we t r width 5 t i ch , Th e C l att er h a s a n e as t ern width of a h nost 2 6 feet . hoir But wall s thus s play out a s they approach th e presb yt ery . it i s only wh en e ither of the m i s regarde d in conj un ction with th e adj acen t pres b yt ery wall that th e ey e receives the rk r en e in s Th e e n l n e impres s ion of a ma e d dive g c axi . m a i of presb yt ery a n d choir a s a whole i s affect e d only to t h e s mall e xt en t that th e in crease d wi dth of th e e as t ern en d of t h e choir i s dis pos ed une venly on either s ide at th e poin t of j un ction PLATE III
— N . w a o f res b t er i n f r ll p y y o eg r ou n d s p rin g o f a rch of s ou e rn m o s d oo r ro u u u m th t th gh p lp it .
N ’ . a n E . e o f re s b t er s o w n ra g p y y , c es R e m a i n s o f a a r a n d r e c e s s i n l h i g t lt S . _ o f re r e d o s ra n s e t p t . face page 4 PLATE I V
a f b e a n w a f r S . o re s r S . n w d E . o a s e w ll p y t y ll t p t , ith n d c a o n s o f S i e C a e s i i ti d h p l .
fo u n a o n s o o n e a s . S r a o n i n E e n d o f s c re e n S . a s e d t ight j i t . i l ti , l ki g t w S e o f c o r a ll N . id h i fa ce pa ge 5 NEWARK PRI ORY . 5
Th e f ul us l es th e l n en with th e presb yt ery . a t th i with a ig m t of th e s creen walls b etween choir a nd trans ept s rather than
- with th e gen era l l a y out of t h e choir . Th e clue to this b a d alignmen t i s provided b y th e s traight j ointing of th e quoins i n th e nor th - eas t angle of the s outh trans ept . l n a unn n i . . H s This s traight j oin t i s S hown n th e V C . p a r i g R f ll . lan right through to the other s ide o th e wa . Mr ow d P ul i n h i s l n ub l s e in th e B uilder of 26th b e a p a p i h d Novem r, 1 8 8 n e th e es n n s n on o e 9 , ot d that corr po di g traight j oi t the th r s f ll a s el 2 fee t o th e es a n d ide o th e wa w approximat y t w t , con clude d— corre ctly a s s ub s equent e xamin ation proved that th es e two were conne cte d b y a third a n d int ermediat e ll n for s n b u e i n t h e . I t e e e e traight joi t ri d wa r mai d , how v r , Cl th e n l us n es e h ee s Mr . apham to draw co c io that th t r traight n s s s e in s e s e esen e th e ee e s of a n j oi t , di po d t p , r pr t d thr ord r arch which had b een origin all y int en de d to Open from th e T e e are s l l s s e s choir t o th e tran s ept . h r imi ar y di po d traight j oint s at th e s outh - e as t angle of th e n orth trans ept denoting s n n n t s l s On th s u a corr e po ding arran geme t o tha ide a o . e o th the s traight j oin ting ceas es j us t b e fore the top of the s creen W ll i s e e t h e k b e b e n f n e o o e . a r ach d , wor a ov i g cor I t s ee ms therefore that when b oth choir a n d transepts were n o e n 10 fee b e r un l n was c n mor tha t a ov g o d the p a ha ged . I ns e of a n en s s n b e een esb t e a nd t ad op cro i g tw pr y ry choir , it wa s d e cided to S hut Off th e trans epts a n d to advance the choir s a s n ll n i n e as twards . Thi w do e b y fi i g n the i t en ded open ings s een al l s b u l e e s e n n s us w h with cr w i t , at th ir a t r e d , fl h it the n s e ati g of th e three orders of th e ar ches origin ally d es ign e d . t o open to th e trans epts rather than aligne d t o the presb ytery ll Th e es e n e n f wa s . w t r d o th e Choir ca n at that time have had l l e re n i ts f n s i n s n for e is n o s itt mo tha ooti g po itio , ther traight j oin t at t h e n orth - wes t angle of the s outh trans ept to in dicat e r b een s e on that wo k had tart d that s ide of th e arch . Excavatio ns were s ub se quen tly made along e ach S ide of th e s een ll s a n d e n n cr wa , th y co firm th e ab ove co clus ions .
Th e middl e of e ach wall i s foun d for ab out two - thirds of its l en es u n a n n e en en l n u f un n gth to r t po i d p d t y co s tr cted o datio , b utt e d up at e ither e nd agains t mas s ive footings 5 to 6 feet l n a n d l s a s e e s th e en e of o g a mo t wid , which proj ct toward c tr 6 I NEWAR K PR ORY . e ach arch from b eneath th e pos itions when ce th e arch es woul d Th e s ren f have b een carried . t gth o thes e footings l eads one to s urmis e that it may have b een inten ded that th e arches en le e s ul en l w wh comp t d ho d carry a c tra tower , hich woul d e a n n e n l e su e en of 26 fee u hav had i t r a m a r m t t s q are . The Church a s origin ally planne d woul d in that cas e have b een divide d into a n e as t ern arm of 42 feet contain ing the esb e ss in of fee a n d es e n n in n pr yt ry , a cro g 34 t , a w t r arm co ta i g b n n A u ll a s l e oth choir a d ave . ct a y comp t e d it cons is t e d of a pres b yt ery a n d choir which with their cr os s arches meas ure d f n n f f Th e n 2 ee a d e o 6 ee . e b e f 9 t , a av 9 t i t rior r adth o the
- f cr os s arm wa s 94 eet .
T he Tra ns epts .
Th e s u nse e s u es 0 f e b 2 fe and was o th tra pt m a r 3 e t y 5 } et , li b l n n in its e a n ll t y three a cet wi dows as t d wes t wa s . I t had en f b ne on e c b els of e n in a wood roo or ight or , two which r mai n l A l f b wa s lit b l n in t t h e s outhern a g es . o t a ove y a a cet h e u rn b l n I n its e s ll a re n e es l e din s o the ga e e d . a t wa poi t d arch a g to th e two chapel s a n d b etween th e arches are th e remain s of f n u T s i a n altar with a reces s 2 eet 6 i ches s q are ab out it . hi s n ow l argely fill e d i n with modern flin t . work p ut i n when th e i n 1 P ul e u u n n ene 1 I n 18 8 Mr . s r i s were s tre gth d 92 . 9 a m a red s l a s fee l n and e fee a nd s aw c s of thi a tar 5 t o g ov r 3 t high , tra e b e s w e el uld n s c b els on rack t ith a v ry d icate mo i g , or perhap or , At th e es e n en d of s u e ith er S ide of th e re ces s . w t r the o th wall of this trans ept a ragge d hol e repres ents th e entran ce f th e e th e d s n f us e b een b rom dort r , e ce t rom which m t hav y n s a woode night tair . Th e foun dations of th e wes t a n d n orth wall s of th e n orth tran s ept were e xcavate d a n d S howed that it di d not differ f h s u ans e I t i s n ot e e ll in s e t e . mat ria y iz rom o th tr pt , how ver, i n li n en b e n s et s 18 n es fu e a g m t with it , i g ome i ch rth r to the e The C el s f s ns e are S i l l out of as t . hap rom thi tra pt mi ar y u ali gnmen t with their fellows on th e s o th . There appe ars to ‘ have b een a cl as ping b uttres s roun d th e n - es n l e of s ns e s lle b u es s orth w t a g thi tra pt , a ma r ttr midway al n i t s n e n ll a n d b b u es s it s n o g orth r wa , a road flat ttr at orth l th e l s n b u es s ll f un n wa s e as t an g e . From c a pi g ttr a wa o datio n l e d f trace d towards th e river for s ome 2 0 fee t . Nothi g rom I NEWARK PR ORY . 7
’ a nd es u bl b e a ll b un n C n ns it , it pr ma y or wa o di g the a o cemet ery .
s The Chapel .
Th e chapels on th e s outh S ide me asure d 27 feet by 10 feet 1 f s el Th e nne one a n a n d 12 feet b y 1 ee t re pectiv y . i r had
l s s e - C ul b el ul a n d wa s ere b l e n - a mo t mi irc ar arr va t , cov d y a a to f th e of h a s le rl s e e e b een roo , pitch which c a y at om tim or oth r n e n T e s lle l r b ee o b s . h a t e e d . It had divid d i t two ay ma r el s l l n e b el ul s n n f chap had a ight y poi t d arr va t , pri gi g rom a s n urs e a n d e e b b le f cut ss tri g co , cov r d y a ga roo which acro th e lower part of th e trans ept lan ce t overhead ; ab ove th e b arrel vaul t a nd b en eath th e roof is a s mall win dow from th e r ns e T e e a re th e e ns of s n on th e s u h t a pt . h r r mai a pi ci a o t
S ide . T es e C els u s e b s e n ot sh e com h two hap , tho gh id y id , did ar a ll T wa a n en s f n mon wa . here s op pace o three feet b etwee th e s outh wall of th e lon g chapel a n d th e n orth wall of th e ’ s al l C l Th e u e f e of t h e ns s n m hape . o t r ac tra ept eas ter wall b e rs th e n s of e of es e lls a n d b e een e a toothi g ach th wa , tw th m , b u 18 n es f th e un e e e ns e n a o t i ch rom gro d , th r r mai a proj cti g
- drip s tone . Th e C el s on th e n s e e s u e 61~ f 10 fe hap orth id m a r d 2 2 eet b y et a nd 1 1 fee b 10 fee es e el T e le l % t y t r p ctiv y . h y were C ar y of th e s e l n a s th e s u n el am p a o ther chap s .
N a ve .
Th e e xact l engt h of th e n ave wa s for s ome time in doub t th e rub b is h foun d on th e s ite of th e wes t en d b eing very in deter n But t n mi at e . h e o e good pie ce of foun dation un covere d h a d a face from which a meas urement of 96 feet t o th e pulpit um was es b l On u ta is he d . th e as s mption that th e b ays of th e n ave arcade had a s pan s imilar to that of th e mos t wes t ern b a y of th e choir— that i s 12 fee t — th ere woul d have b een s i x b ays t o th e n e av . This as s umption wa s s trengthene d b y th e dis covery of a l ump of rubbl e foun dation 2 2 feet b elow groun d i n th e lin e of th e n orth ar cade at a poin t corres pon din g with th e s uppose d s n of th e s e n e f th e n T en po itio co d pi r rom wes t e d . r ches were d ug along th e whole l ength of b oth arcades to a d epth of 3 ; fee b ut e e es e of f un d n a b een e t , v ry v tig o atio h d r moved . Thin 8 NEWA R K PRI O RY .
us was a ll e ne i n s n s e for th e mortar d t that r mai d the a d , av l ump j us t mentione d a n d a l ength of good rub b le foundation s u n T s w n at th e wes t en d of th e o th arcade tre ch . hi as ot e l i n s n b ut b een u n e n on xact y po itio , had t r ed ov r orthward e to it s s id .
Ai s l es .
l l 1 f A n t e Th e s outh ais e had a wa k 0 eet wide . gai s t h
a ns e ll ca n b e s een th e e n s of i ts l e n - f tr pt wa w atheri g a to roo , which cut acros s th e lowe r part Of th e in nermos t wes tern lan ce t Th e e n n l en t of s u s le ll of s ns e . thi tra pt r mai i g g h o th ai wa , n w f ll en on it s s e S s l e n e s u f e e e o a to id , how a c a mortar d r ac wh r h a s e f it s f un ns an d es e e e f un b e it part d rom o datio , th w r o d to
u - u n o more than quite s hallow mortared p dding s tone . F rther to th e wes t th e foun dations were foun d at ab out 1 8 in ch es i n f u b elow gr oun d a n d e xten d g to a depth o ab o t 2 feet 6 in ches . T ere of the s e e u e in was hey w am charact r , tho gh mortar d fl t
u - n A in th e n ow usu all y foun d ab ove th e p ddi ng s to e . ga s t lin e of th e s outh aisl e wall at t h e poin t wh ere th e wes tern Cl s e ll n s e e wa s f un n e un l e el b l oi t r wa j oi it , th r o d ar gro d v a ock b l as n 6 fee b fe a n a of very har d rub e m o ry t y 5 et d s deep . us e s of s b l k i n t h e n l e o f th e ll s wa s f un J t a t thi oc , a g two wa , o d t h e only pavin g ob vious ly s till i n pos ition— a t riangul ar fr ag men t with S ides ab out 4 feet l on g a n d compos ed of oran ge a n d dark gre en til es s et roughl y di amon dwis e . A l le es f th e b l of s n th e n itt w tward rom ock ma o ry, fli t or
u n - s ne f un n en e b u l a n d f e of p ddi g to o datio d d a r pt y , a t r a gap fee fille nl s n e e b e n f es e of two t , d o y with a d , th r ga a r h typ foun dation o f mu ch dis in tegrate d Reigat e s tone b as e d on
- w f un n l a sl l e e puddin g s tone . This n e o datio y at a ight y gr at r b el r un l e el a nd e t en e for e Of f ur depth ow g o d v , x d d a d pth o h un As ra n es l e ee er fee t in to t e gro d . it w tward it ti t d d p i n th e un b ut en e us b ef e th e s u - es to gro d , it d d j t or o th w t n l e l e l s a ll n les b een eful l Cl e e a g which , ik a mo t a g , had car y ar d
out . Th e n orth aisl e wall foun dations were dis clos e d i n excel l en n n nl one f b el un l e el a n d e t co ditio o y oot ow gro d v , th y continue d throughout it s whol e length b ut for i ts n orth - e as t
- l T e en e ee fee in th e a n d n orth wes t ang es . hey xt d d thr t to
un a n d ns s e of e fl n n u n - s ne gro d , co i t d mortar d i t a d p ddi g to
I O I NEWARK PR O RY .
P a ss a e g .
To th e s outh of the s outh trans ept th ere rema in s a piece of wall ab ove groun d formin g part of th e s outhern wall of a s s e b e en th e ns e a n d e u At i pa ag twe tra pt the chapt r ho s e . t s e s en d s ll f s th e s u - e s n le of th e s s a t thi wa orm o th a t a g pa age , a n d t he n - e s n le of e us e orth a t a g the chapt r ho .
T s ss e i s 0 . fee l n b 12 fe e a n d was hi pa ag 4 3 t o g y 3 et wid , covere d b y a l ow b arrel vault th e s prin ging of which ca n b e s een on th e u e wall of th e n s e P ul a o t r tra pt . Mr . a s w a reces s i n th e n r - e s n l e b ut e e i s n ow l le e n o th a t a g , th r itt mor tha a li e es s n i n th e as n s ght d pr io m o ry . Ab ove th e wes t ern en d of it mus t have run the pas s age t from th e dorter to th e night s tair . Over h e res t woul d appe ar e b een n e l n n ls o ul e to hav a oth r o g arrow room , a with a va t d f f th e e en e of s n n on th e u e nse all roo rom vid c pri gi g o t r tra pt w . Ab ove this again on th e s ame wall ca n b e s een th e marks of th e bl e of th e e s e n an e b e een an d th e ul n ga a t r r g , tw which va ti g of th e u e ss e e e wa s e i en l ns e b le l f pp r pa ag th r v d t y a co id ra o t . Th ere wa s n o dir ect me ans of acces s from th e Church to th e lower pas s age a n d it may have b een s ol ely th e approach to th e ’ n n e e Th e e s u e n t C s e . s e e h e s s a o c m t ry tr a ry , or p rhap v acri ty for n o b i us l e e s s e b een in th e u e which o v o p ac xi t , may hav pp r ss e — c b ein nl b th e n s pa ag room approa h g o y y ight tair . e ns e e in a n of s s s e No xcavatio w re mad y part thi pa ag room , b ut from it t o the day s tair th e wes t ern wall of th e e as t ern range wa s foun d t o have it s lower foun dation in tact — pudding n e f fee b el es en r un l el T s to e at a d pth o 3 t ow pr t g o d ev . here l n aft er on y rubb is h remai s .
Ho Chapter us e.
E e This prove d to b e 40% fee t l on g b y 2 2 feet wide . xc pt for th e e e of ll s n di n b e r un a n d th e ss n pi c wa ta g a ov g o d , ma ive fli t f un n Of b u ess u s e its s u - e s n le th e e s e n o datio a ttr o t id o th a t a g , a t r e n d wa s trace d only b y th e rub b is h l eft after th e flin t had b een n th e e n n e e of ll a re n di ns of d ug out . Upo r mai i g pi c wa i catio th e vaul tin g which s ugges t a height of roof cons iderab ly ab ove th e l evel of th e pas s age from dort er to n ight s tair which mus t u A have run over the wes t ern e n d of th e chapt er ho s e . s ol ution i s provi de d b y s uppos in g a n an te chamb er wi th a lower f l e el n th e es of t e C e use u th e len roo v tha r t h hapt r ho , tho gh gth PLATE V
R e iga te s to n e b a s e with m a r k o f c irc ula r p illa r i n
- u d o rt er s u b va lt .
Ma s on e d c o ffi n i n m d d e o f c a er N . a s e fo u n d a on s oo n e a s . i l ti , l ki g t i l h p t u ho s e . fa ce pa ge 10 PLATE VI
P a i n b e we e n o e n b a s e s i n c e n R a s e d e v g t v kit h . i til e a r h t o r h h t ig t .
T e e a r a n d R e a e s o n e b oc R ere d o r e r oo n e a s . t , l ki g t il h th ig t t l k ’ i n Ce lla re r s r a n ge . face pag e I r I R NEWARK PR O Y . I I
of th e room i s n ot s uch a s t o s ugges t this s ub divis ion . The whole floor S pace wa s d ug across from n orth to s outh at in ter f f n b ut le s n was met s for ls ee . va o 5 t Nothi g c ar a d with , ave f f n ll n ffi n f s ne n a n d l ee b ee e e . o e co o ma o d fli t cha k , 7 t y 3 t xt r a y n l en n lu n e i s fee 8 n es Th e i t erior gth , i c di g h ad cavity , 5 t i ch , a n d i ts w th e s ul ers 1 f n es a n d th e fee idth at ho d oot 7 i ch , at t I t n ne S kele n in es e n 1 foot 3 in ches . co tai d a to poor pr rvatio kull I t S e i n th e r un is s u i ts a n d without a s . d pth g o d ch that lid n ow ss n if of kness b l e h th e es , mi i g , a thic compara wit r t , Th e ffin lid now would have b een flus h with th e fl oor l evel . co l n in t u ns e ul e e e s ffin yi g h e s o th tra pt co d hav cov r d thi co , which pres umab ly i s that of a n e arly pr ior . I n th e Cl ois te r wal k immedi ately out s ide this room s i x int e rments without coffin s were foun d .
A s olid block of flin t mortare d together a n d s et on pudding s tone adjoins th e chapt er hous e on the s outh a nd exten ds th e is fee b a n whole wi dth of th e e as tern range . It 9 t road d is
' f n n f h i s n b e h e u o t e s . co j e cture d t o . t o datio day ta r
P a s s age Room.
S u of th e s s 1 fee b 20 fee wa s ce o th tair a room 9 t y t tra d . nl i ts s u e n ll wa s n inue e s a s rt O y o th r wa , which co t d a tward pa f i nfir rnar f un n inin h o th e ss e o s e . T e y pa ag , had datio r ma g le s e wa s d u b ut nl s ell ne us les who floor pac g over, o y mi c a o artic f un o d .
D t - l or er S ub va u t.
T s n n o d f un ns l ef a n d was e ble hi agai had har o datio t , trac a nl b f l n b it s ub s . wa s ee b 20 fe o y y r i h It 43 t o g y et wide . Th e le s e was e e dee in em l n ubb s who pac cov r d p d o itio r i h , amid which there were foun d in pos ition down th e middl e of th e e ul n e l s of f t o fee ee Re e room at irr g ar i t rva rom 5 9 t , thr igat s ne b s es an d th e fl n f n f f u o a o . T es e b s to a , i t ooti g rth h a es were e ach roughly a foot s qu are a n d from 4% in ches t o 6 inches T e e e C f high . h y w r ham ere d off from hal f their h eight t o a s u e of b u n es q ar a o t 9 i ch . One had th e markings of a Circular pill ar upon it— prob ably I 2 NEWA R K PRI ORY .
Th e ill s s n in on of wood . p ar ta d g th es e b as es Cle arly b ore th e f floor o th e dort er . Th e flooring coul d n ot b e dis tin gu is he d from th e rub b is h s u e s e on b ut ee f u iles of s e e p rimpo d it , thr or o r t the am g o l e n e f un e metrica patt r w re o d her .
Re o red rter .
S outh of th e dort er s ub - vault there i s th e rubb is h of a wall s e 6 fee w e us e th e nn n om t id , which m t hav to do with co ectio n a n r r Th e l b etwee d ort er d e e dorter . att er itself s eems to have b een 8 feet acros s a n d of n o gr eater l ength than th e width Th n i of th e e as tern range . e drai s h ere hardl y 4 feet acros s a n d h a s a cl ay b ottom b oun de d b y a timb er framin g wi th
s s - s s n e ls u n es e on th e s u S e cro tay at i t rva , po which r t d o th id u s e of s u e Re e s nes a nd on n s a co r q ar d igat to , the orth ide
- puddin g s tone .
th e u s e on th e n S e S l b s of u in - s ne From co r orth id , a p dd g to e e f un e n one b e n th e oth er e th e n w r o d proj cti g yo d ov r drai , i n s u ch a way a s to s ugge s t that th e s ides of th e drain roughly Th e l e r ere e a curve d towards e ach other . who dort r w s com letel ll e ss es of b ken l es s e s ell s a nd p y fi d with ma ro ti , oy t r h e of a n n nu n f h an imal b ones . No trac y co ti atio o t e rere s f un dort er to e as t or wes t wa o d .
S o Ra e uthern ng . Th e inner wall of this range h a s tolerab le foundations from th e es e nd a s far a s th e e s e n en d of th e f a e e en n w t a t r r t r , xt di g l f 3 f f b e un e o e . T re f from 2 eet ow gro d to a d pth 3 3 e t he a t er
- t o t h e s outh e as t an gl e rub b is h only i s foun d . Th e e as t ern room of this ran ge meas ures approximately b el e e b e s n b 2 0% feet b y 19% feet . I i v it to that room how y ’ Bu ck s prin t a s e xis ting i n 1737 an d place d b y him to the l e ft ' X I ue h e l e far of th e Chapter hous e (Plate I I) . t is tr p ac s it t oo ne l in li n en th e e us e an d l e es a n in ar y a g m t with chapt r ho , av fli n s b een th e But e s in his n s u cie t pace etw two . it app ar pri t b s u e b uildi n of s es e c o f h as fir e t o e a q ar g two tori , a h which a l e a n d e b een b ene a ble unnin f e s p ac , to hav ath ga r g rom a t to C e s s s u a s es e en e unl el wes t . haract ri tic ch th r d r it ik y that it ul e f e of th e e s e n n e a n d et u e co d hav orm d part a t r ra g , y j dg d b y what s till remains Buck gave a faithful representation of NEWARK PRI O RY . I 3
e P — e en few e e n s a s s ll N wark riory v , with a xc ptio , to ma il i s unl kel en h e e u n his n n deta . It i y , th , that dr w po imagi atio l n f r s b u l n b ut u e l el t o b r n n o a o e o thi i di g , q it ik y that i g it i t th e pers pe ctive of his pict ure h e b oth advan ce d its pos ition ne t hi s n b e s Th e l e s an d move d it arer o mai o j ct . ow r tory ’ e b een th e n us e l el s may hav warmi g ho , or more ik y the prior i b e ll h s b e . ha , with cham r a ov
F a er r t .
1 l n 1 3 f Of i s s u a n This wa s 6 feet o g b y 93; eet b road . t o th d e as t wall s th e rub b is h only remain s — except for a l ump at the s outh - e as t corner which woul d s ee m t o den ot e a proj e ction n th At th e es ern en d a s l b ut d e n e i to e room . w t ight fi it foun dation marke d th e prob able pos ition of s creens 12 fee t n ll Th l n f from th e wes t er wa . e effe ctive e gth of th e rat er woul d thus b e re duce d to th e more proportion ate length of f 49 eet .
K i c t hen .
This room h as only rub b is h in dications on its n orth a n d 3 e s s es ts e s ll a f un n w t id . I a t wa h s good o datio s at 2 3; fee t be l un e e for fee th e n e n e nd Th e ow gro d xc pt 5 t at orth r . s u ll ls i s f r th I ts n s ns o th wa a o o e mos t part good . dime io e e 2 fee b 1 fee w r 7 t y 9% t .
I n i ts n orth - wes t angle a re th e remain s of what s eems to b e th e fire b s e of a n en e ul n An e n of a ov or fix d ca dro . dgi g Re e s ne s et in Cl s u un s c cul fee igat to ay rro d a ir ar patch , 5 t i n e e s e of l e s of l e woo a nd diam t r , compo d ay r c ay , charr d d , n l A S l r ul of l n u agai c ay . imi ar ci c ar patch c ay a d a sh witho t
u b n wa s f un i n th e s u - es n le a nd b e ween a c r i g o d o th w t a g , t the m where tre ading woul d b e con s tan t i s a pie ce of paving compos e d of Re igat e s ton es s et diagon ally a n d forming a u n Of 6 fee b fee ro gh diamo d t y 3 t . Apart from this no trace of a floor l evel wa s foun d in the n s a d . A l le th e e s i s s ll e of les s et on e e itt to a t a ma h arth ti dg , f n e n le fee b 2 fee T s i s not s et ns ormi g a r cta g 3 t y t . hi agai t th e s e of a n ll b ut b e een a nd th e n ll e e it y wa , tw it orth wa th r wa s u l m ch c ay . I I 4 NEWARK PR ORY .
Western Ra n e g .
Al l th e f un ns of s e e e ble b ub b s nl o datio thi w r trac a y r i h o y , e e for 1 » fee a t th e s u e n end of i ts e s e n ll xc pt 44 t o th r a t r wa , wa s i n ell n s fee i e a n d i s which exc e t tate , 4§ t w d w th a tep l e n ne th e f of th e f un n ik projectio ar oot o datio . From it at right angles and to the wes t ra n a good piece of mortare d f un n b u fee u Th e o datio a o t 4 t s q are . two were not b on ded e b ut n e b s iff Cl tog ther j oi d y t ay .
’ Cell a rer s Buildi n s g .
Th e s u e n o of s n e was 2 6 fee b 2 1 fee o th r r om thi ra g 5 t y 5 t . A tren ch d ug through it yielde d up n othin g b ut a s mall ’ Ci ul C e t s e il e b e n f l K n s e T s rc ar h r y t ari g the ami iar i g h ad . hi l l had c ea r y n ever b ee n u se d . T n i a f 1 f I n th e en o the orth s room 39 ee t by 2 3 eet . c tre of i ts width a nd 10 feet from its s outhern wall i s a he arth 2 5 fee b 2 fee s et di n w se a n d ns s n of l es on e e t y t amo d i co i ti g ti dg .
I i l n t h of and a hn os t u i n i s 2 - f mmed ate y or it , to ch g , a oot S u of R i e s ne q are e gat to . At th e other en d of this room a floor l e vel of e art h a n d clay b e aten h a rd b y l on g us age was foun d at a depth of a foot or 18 n l l On a re wo i ches b e ow th e adj oining C ois ter wal k . it t parall el l engt hs o f walling e ach ab out 7 fee t l on g an d 1 } feet T e a re fe n es an d are u l c on wide . h y 4 et 4 i ch apart ro gh y s uc e of all nd s of e al S uss e b le b r a nd tr t d ki mat ri , x mar , ick R ll a s fli n On H s Sl b s e s ne a s e . igate to , w t top are or ham a b us I an d with them a n in verte d circul ar moul ded a ac . t s eems reas on ab le to conj e ct ure that th ese a re th e s upport s h e ell of th e r e t un a n d e s a s t e . g at , to acc pt thi room gr at c ar
Outer E ntry . Next to this room i s a con fuse d mas s of d eep mortar rub b is h u I t cu es th e S e s tretchin g t o th e wall of th e Ch rch . oc pi it of th e oute r entry which mus t h a ve b een approximately 13 fee w e t id .
Wa ter S u l a nd Dra i ns pp y .
Cl s u n s the s ou ll o f th e en an d end n o e p agai t th wa kitch , ext i g e as twards from the s outh - wes t corn er of the kitchen for 42
PLATE VIII
u e o n f r O E . s d e o b c a n tl t i i k t k .
F i n - w a e r c a a t W e n d B oc o f m a s o n r s ou o f a n d a ra e d e e c e . l t ll p t l l k y , th p ll l
- - o fl r nn e w c a fl oo re d c a n n e . f Cha lk oo ed cha l . ith h lk h l face page 15 I NEWARK PR ORY . I 5 f e i s nnel 1 fee e a n d 2 fee ee unn n b e een e t , a cha 3} t wid 3 t d p r i g tw
- wall s of face d up flint a foot wide . u l is le nl n s ed Th e e as tern end t ermin at es ab r pt y . It c a y fi i h off a n d n o e i s f un in th e s n of a n n nu n of , trac o d a d y co ti atio h a s l b s e for th e fi s 10 fee i ts cours e . It a c ay ottom av r t t a re e l bl s 1 f from th e wes t which pav d with cha k ock , oot e ee A urs e of Re e s ne es th e s quare b y 8 in ch s d p . co igat to divid C l n fr th e es an d e e th e i s of l ha k floori g om r t , wh r floor cha k , n n f n the wal ls on e ither s ide ar e of Re igate s to e i s te ad o fli t . At th s n end of th e lk re n th e en l s n e ea ter cha floo d portio , c o i g wall s are cut down slightly a s though to form a s e atin g for l E s s omethin g which cros se d this part of th e channe . a tward again a nd Oppos ite th e s ou th - e as t angle of th e kitchen there i s a marke d circular depress ion in th e wall on th e s outh S ide of th e channel which may den ote th e re moval of a wall which h as cross e d at this poin t in con tin uation of th e e as t wall of e n I f we er i s el b e el s o f e th e . kitch , ho v , it d i rat y orm d , it ul s u es a n nle a n u le ere not t i s wo d gg t i t or o t t , w it tha it hard to b eli e ve e ither of these would b e midway in th e len gth of th e n cha nel . i f ul un f f u s of s nn l I t It s di fic t to acco t or th e e at re thi cha e . may b e hazar de d that it had s ome conne ction with th e origin al e s u l a n d th e lk re a n d Re e ll e r n wat r pp y , cha floo d igat wa d po tio i s Cl e arly des ign e d to hol d water i n great er purity than th e res I f e e f ere th e ere r e r n — a t . wat r flow d rom h to r do t r d ai f ll of n es nl s e n r n e ul b e ne es s r a 9 i ch o y , om co t iva c wo d c a y to re en n n n b b k n u a n d t o n n p v t co tami atio y ac i g p , mai tai a e i n th e f a s n n e h ad part rom which it w i t e d d to draw wat er . A pen s tock may have s tood at th e e as t en d of th e Chalk e t n a n d e e b een r n fr b e pav d por io wat r hav d aw om a ov it . Though it i s clos e b y th e kitchen there a re n o adj acen t foun d a ti ons e en ll ub b s n e wa s un e , or v wa r i h to i dicat that it d r a r oof . At s ome later date it s origin al us e mus t have b een ab an d one d for i t s es e n en d i s e ffe el bl ke b u e , w t r ctiv y oc d y a h g mas s of rough mas onry which i s s e curely mortare d in to the l e u o f th e nn l T s b l k f r th e n who mo th cha e . hi oc o ms e as ter S e of u us e e l e b u fee ee th e re n n id a c rio r c ptac a o t 5 t d p , mai i g s ides of which a re irregular flin t wall s ab out a foot wide a n d n e l en s of fee 6 n f 1 n with i t rior gth 3 t i ches to 3 eet 0 i ches . 6 I NEWARK PRI O RY .
ns e i s e full en ere ul rl on t h e e s a s I id it car y r d d , partic a y a t , though it were e s s en tial that whate ver it h eld S houl d not gain lk nn l h a s n o u l acces s to th e cha floore d cha e . It o t e t at th e b a n d i f a s i s n e u e wa s s e k n of en ottom , , co j ct r d , it om i d midd s ll ess us e b een k l e o f or ma c pit , it m t hav aw ward to c ar what e i t e n ne for i ts r r ns are s ll ev r may hav co tai d , p opo tio too ma for ma n rk f a to wo rom within it . To th e s u of th e l n nel a n d n ne e o th cha k cha , co ct d with it n s b s n i s b r n k b u 10 fee at two poi t y ma o ry , a ickwork ta a o t t s u e t h e e s a nd n or ll s of a re re n f r e b q ar , a t th wa which i o c d y ll n u F or s e fee of i ts fr n r flint wa i g o t s ide . om 7 t width om o th to s outh it had had a flatt ene d b rick arch ove r it runn in g from Th e e n n fee ne e b een e e as t to wes t . r mai i g 3 t had v r arch d The le h a ll s n th e n th r n e . s e e ov r who arch co ap d i to ta k , floo i g
f i s f b ks s et n e At s u - es a n d n o which o ric o dge . the o th w t orth e s n s h a s a n nle a n d u le res e el b of a t cor er it i t o t t p ctiv y , oth w a r e l a s e s u e ll hich e pav d with cha k th y pa s thro gh th wa s . This tan k i s r ather more deeply s un k than th e chalk floore d l th e fr in 6 f T s nne e b e ee . cha , h ight om floor to arch g % t hi l l n f r Th e d re n o f its n l e i s c ear y a ta k or wate s torage . i ctio i t S s us en e wa s fed u n o e e ins i n th e how wh c it , tho gh trac r ma groun d imme diat ely adj oin ing of a n y water course to or from it . Th e chalk fl oore d Channel coul d only b e fe d b y wate r b rought from th e le vel of th e weir a n d e el trap roun d two s ides of a a th e s e s u e s s n u n . q ar , how po k tch map Both th e al ignment of th e chann el a n d th e l e vels taken demons trat e this . T u e e i s fall of fee th e u e n e ess ho gh th r a 4 t , ro t c ary to avoid th e l ow interven in g groun d i s s o l ong that this gr adi ent mus t e b een uns s f for a le e s u l e en if th e hav ati actory c ar wat r pp y , v l l l n in i s wat er evel at th e we ir cou d a ways b e mai ta e d . It concl ude d that for this re as on th e old s ys t e m of s upply wa s ab an done d in favour of a s torage pon d midway b etween th e P a n d th e e el e ul b e e full e e n riory trap w ir , which co d k pt v en t h e e l e el th e e wa s l ow a n d ul wh wat r v at w ir , which wo d give a fall of ab out 2 feet over a mu ch S horter dis tan ce in to b r k nk Th e r b b le u s e of th e fee s n th e ic ta . p o a co r d to thi po d n Th e n — now i s s hown b y a S hallow ditch s till remai in g . po d a s edgy mars h— h a s at it s lower en d a high e arthen e mb an k men t with a n arrow channel through it i n which a pens tock
I 8 NEWARK PRI ORY . coul d control th e dis charge o f s urpl us water into th e e el trap s e tr am . From this pon d a s upply dit ch mus t have run towards the Pr a n d 1 fee s u of th e b r a n was f un iory , 9 t o th ick t k it o d , n f n At s n Clearly coming from th e directio o th e po d . thi poi t it h a s only a ramp of pudding- s tone on it s s outh s ide where t h e un falls b ut n e e wa s un e gro d away , at each poi t wh r it cover d further on it had l ow b ut s ub s tan tial walling of the s ame l n b s Th e s u l d s n o n e mat eria o oth S ide . p p y itch come ear r n s th e b k nk b ut th e nle O en n of th e l e tha thi to ric ta , i t p i g att r faces towards t h e ditch a n d th e c onne cting ditch or pipe mus t n ne s s have b ee ar thi pot . The main ditch then curves away towards the reredorter ou s i n c nnel n w d wn n e s e thr gh which it flow a ha , arro ed o to i cr a t h e a n d f e s s n ne th e infirmar b u ldi n s flow , a t r pa i g ar y i g , the n as h a s n ow b e e s es in d e on of drai , it com , di charg the ir cti s l ow un s u - e s of n s ome wet gro d to the o th a t the preci ct .
e l B ell S te p e.
Fifty feet wes tward from th e middle of the wes t ern range are t h e foun dations of a s quare s tru ct ure with a n interior
’ meas uremen t of 2 2 feet s qu are an d a n out s ide me asuremen t f 1 f e E s e h as ee b u es ses b u fe o 3 e t . ach id thr ttr a o t 7 et b y f I n l e i s b l f f un n f ee . o d o 8 e s u e 4 t the midd a ock o ati et q ar . Th e pres en ce of this b ui ldi ng was detect e d b y th e aid of air Th f un n n f l photographs . e o datio s co s is t o 2 to 3 fee t of grave mixe d wi th clay s un k wi th al mos t ge ometrical precis ion into l s n N ot e f n f th e c ear a d . a v s tige o fli t or s tone wa s oun d at an a of f un ns y p rt the o datio . I t i s pres ume d that thi s mus t have b een a n is olat e d b ell le e f f a n s t eep . No trac o a tower was oun d at y part of the C u ou i s - kn n f di s s lu n un s h rch , th gh it ow rom the o tio acco t that e e was s ee le ll h e s n u s n th r a t p with three b e s . T tro g b ttres i g of s o s ll b u l n s w s an d bl c ma a i di g accord ith thi theory , the o k of foun dation in th e middl e may have b een th e footing of a n l ll ce tra pi ar . Th e n u e of f un ns we e a cle l n s at r the o datio , ho v r , re ar y agai t th e e n b een of a n e tow r havi g y h ight . I n t h e b ays b etween th e b uttres ses on th e s outh S ide more f en s of s ne l ss w f un n n e ls ragm t tai d g a ere o d tha a ywh re e e , I NEWARK PR ORY . I 9 incl uding s ufficien t t o recons truct th e pattern of one whole u q arry .
F a rmery . A pas s age 8 1 fe e t l ong a n d 8 fee t wide le ads from th e e as tern n f s h a s ll n a n d ra ge t o the a rmery . Thi s ha ow fli t mortar foun dations ab out 3 feet wide for a l ength of 33 feet on th e s u s e af e e e i s ubb s nl ll s l b ef e o th id , t r which th r r i h o y ti hort y or f ll b s Th e n t S e i s a ub . the armery is re ached . or h id r i h Th e pas s age l e ads to a room conj e ct ure d to b e th e farmery ll f f Th e n ll of an d e s u n 2 ee b ee . ha , m a ri g 5 t y t orth wa s i s ub b s u le rl e ne ns th e s n u n thi r i h , tho gh c a y d fi d agai t a d po th e n t n On th e nne s e 10 - f b n of or her s ide . i r id a oot a d mortar rub b is h ext en ds for 2 7 fee t al ong th e length of th e wal l an d i s b un n h s u s li n a n d e l f un n o de d o t e o th b y a ght fli t grav o datio . u l I t i s pos s ible that this re pres ents a range of c b ic es . A continuation of th e n orth wall of th e farmery hall to th e n l T e e e as t forms o e S ide of t h e s uppos ed farmery chape . h r i s much rubb is h again i n t h e n orth - eas t of th e hall ne ar th e n n e tra ce to th e s uppose d chapel . Th e wes t wall of th e hall h as a good piece of foun dation unn n s u h f th e ss e for few fee f e r i g o t rom pa ag a t , a t r which th ere i s a gap of 18 feet i n which th ere a re n o s ign s of a ny f un n n T s i s s u ee e b o datio havi g e ver e xi st e d . hi cc d d y a l en t of f un n fee i n l en e en in t o g h hard o datio , 9% t gth , xt d g t h e s u - es n s n er a n e ell en e e o th w t cor er . From thi cor xc t pi c of f un n f r r f 1 f t o datio 3g ee t wide p oject s wes twa d or 3 eet . I i s well face d up with mortar at th e wes t b ut d eteriorates where n s th e f e it j oi arm ry . Th e s outh wal l h a s intact foundations of flint on gravel
fee a n f 1 11» f e I t h as e ns 4 t wide d rom to 2 e t deep . a h arth agai t it 8 feet lon g b y 3 feet wide compose d of s quare d Reigat e s nes of r ous s es b ut a ll b u n e e T th e 6 s e . o to va i iz , a o t i ch d p e s of s is s ll en l s u e s un 1 f n th e un d a t thi a ma c o r k oot i to gro , the S ides of which are 33 feet b y 2 feet a n d are forme d of til es s et flatwa s i n l I t h a n n h e n y c ay . s o b ottom other tha t s a d . Th e eas t wall h a s good flin t and gravel foun dations from th e s u - e s ne for S t l n u e e b of o th a t cor r a hor e gth , s cc ed d y a gap 1 fe s i l t o i n T e e ma 9 et mi ar that the wes t wall . h r y have b een s e b e ons uc n in e s W e e th e s om tim r c tr tio thes gap . h r ea t 2 0 NEWAR K PRI ORY .
ll of th e ll ee s th e s u ll of th e el th e l e wa ha m t o th wa chap , att r i s prolonge d 6 fee t in to th e hall an d i n continuation of this ere i s s n n e i n l e l s s th e ll th a di ti ct cha g floor ve right acro ha . This in dicat es th e poss ib il ity that at one time it h a s b een d ivide d into two rooms .
S u f h ll i l e fe b » f ne o th o t e ha s a arg room 24 et y 35 5 eet . No f i ll f un n ar I t n in n it s o ts wa o datio s e good . co ta ed agai s t n ll e r 10 fee l n b 1 fee w e s e of orth wa a h a th t o g y 3 } t id , compo d les on e e u dl e i n Cl a n d e e u w ti dg p d d ay dg d p ith mortar . To th e wes t of this a n d n early adj oin in g it i s a pit s un k l l l f r e s fr th e ll a n b e ow th e eve o th e groun d . It p oj ct om wa d h a s i ts other three S ide s retain e d b y good flint - mortare d work b u 18 n es e w e en d ee e n th e un a o t i ch wid , hich xt d p r i to gro d on th e s outh a n d at th e s outhern e n ds of th e e as t a n d wes t s es Th e b of th e su s fee b id . ottom pit , which mea re t y 3 % feet cons is t s of un r e fli nt s s et i n s n i s l l e , mo tar d a d wh ch ope ik th f h n n f n u e b ottom o t e retai i g walls rom orth to s o th . Th e chapel h as a l en gth of good foun dation on th e s outh i s e n n f u n The eas ll w th om i di catio s o a b ttres s agai s t it . t wa coul d only b e e xamine d at one poin t a n d then very imperfe ctly — f r n n n r o it coi cides with a b a k o which trees a e growin g .
A few weeks in th e s ummer of 192 9 were devot e d to work u n e us e a n d u on us n s the po the gat ho , p vario poi t which ’ re us e s r n n t l u s s f p vio y ar wo ki g had o c eare d p a ti actorily .
Gatehous e .
This s tood 5 0 0 feet wes tward of th e Priory on the inner s f Th e l u s es of its e s e n ll ide o a deep ditch . ower co r w t r wa s till retain th e b an k of this watercours e where a cart - track r s s es Th e ll ns s s of n and Re e s ne e ue c o it . wa co i t fli t igat to ch q r r Th e s us b el n th e fif een en u . wo k , which m t o g to t th c t ry root of h edgerow trees have s o dis in tegrate d th e mortar rubb is h of th e n r s u n ll n if ees ul b e o th , o th a d e as t wa s that e ve the tr co d e a nd th e s ub b u l l e e n th e f ll r moved root gr ed p , itt mor tha o ow in ul b e s Th e e use wa s ll b u l n g co d aid . gat ho s a ma i di g , what
— re main s b ein g th e full l ength of the wes t ern wall s ome 3 6 feet . Fr om wes t t o e as t th e walls s eem to have b een ab out 1 6 feet l n T not us o g . he modern b rick archway cros s ing t h e di tch is fl h th e in l n u f th e use with orig a e try thro gh the mi ddl e o gateho ,
I 2 2 NEWAR K PR O RY .
The b k n wa s le el l e e s e a n d a n ric ta k comp t y c ar d thi y ar , e th e n nu n of its u l N o attempt made to trac co ti atio o t et . i n dication what ever could b e foun d i n what appe are d to b e untouch e d s an d . Parall el with th e chalk wat ercours e a n d 6 feet from its s u e n S e i s e e n ul b l of n s n o th r id , a gr at r cta g ar ock fli t ma o ry, 18 fe e 6 n es l n fee e a n d fee 6 n es ee n o t i ch o g , 5 t wid , 3 t i ch d p i t I t e en s e s b u th e s n e th e groun d . xt d a tward a o t ame dis ta c l T u l a s al nne . e u on it s u e f e i ts the ch k cha ho gh irr g ar pp r ac , n s a n d s es are ell fin s e off a nd h as n o en e d id w i h d , it appar t n n ll T e n conn e ction with a y adj ace t wa s . h s a d on its s outhern n l b en s ub s ide h a s e vid e t y e j e cte d to fierce he at . It s ee ms des igne d to b ear a gre at weight — fa r more than that of a pent hous e roof from the kitch en wall which at b e s t woul d have nl of l nn l N s s f covere d o y part the cha k cha e . O ati actory it u s h a s b n u the ory a s t o s p rpo e ee add ce d . Par all el tren ches were d ug from wes t to e as t through th e r b e a n d a n d s l s e e en e of u us p es yt ry choir, di c o d vid c m ch previ o us e s of th e C el en es th e s n f diggin g . J t a t hap tri at we t e d o t h e presb ytery two b urial s were foun d ab out 4 feet in th e n One es l s i n th e dl e of th e esb e grou d . li a mo t mid pr yt ry : e een a n d th e s u ll B b een in th e other b tw it o th wa . oth had f n Th e f e c ns e bl n wooden co fi s . orm r had had o id ra e mas o ry un s u es n th e f un ns of s u e s b ro d it , gg ti g o datio a p rimpo ed tom e b en n e fe e w an b n b ut th e grav had e i t r r d ith d ro b ed of all s to e . Th e s kel eton wa s that of a s mall a n d Slightly b uilt man a n d l Th — f l wa s e xcell ent y pres erve d . e other that o a arge ma n of over 6 feet — wa s i n poor pres ervation a n d had n o s ign s of a tomb . T es e en es e le n o i ndi ns of a n l a l f m h tr ch r vea d catio a t r p at or , or of an y other in t ernal arrangements : nor was there a ny ll lf Th e en f r s trace of th e e as t wa itse . tr ch proj e cte d o thi u se wa s e on b ut n o b uildi n s ee s e s e p rpo carri d , g m to have xi t d further t o th e e as t . S imilar tren ch es produce d e qu ally n egative resul ts in the s u ns e a n d in th e two s u h els w e e o th tra pt o t chap , here th r were no s igns what ever of th e foun dations of th e miss in g walls . I t wa s cons tan tly ob serve d during th e cours e of the e xcavations that usu all y there are fewer t races i n th e gr oun d of what i s known to have b een s tanding lat el y than of what i s kn own t o NEWARK PRI ORY . 2 3
e b een ulle l I t s e s hav p d down e ar ier . e m that when the ruin s of th e Pr e e s eri usl e for d e al t iory w r o y attack d roa mat ri , h e n le e of th e s n of th e l e b u l n s an k ow dg po itio o d r i di g had died , d
e s s - e e f un ns es On th that th ir gra cov r d o datio cape d . e other n s n di n lls e e n ot nl ulle n b ut e ha d , ta g wa w r o y p d dow , th ir foun dations s o complet ely removed that b ut for th e e viden ce o f toothin g on adjacen t wall s it woul d b e impos s ible t o s how that they had exis t e d .
Th e Ob e s f un e e a s Wh le i s n A f j ct o d w r a o d appoi tin g . air numb er of ge ometrical patterned s quare s lip tiles were d ug u in us s of th e e ns b ut e e l p vario part xcavatio , they w r rare y n n One il h a i good con di tion (Plat es I X a d X) . t e s on it a s e e l e on un s e é of u ef l s n l pr ad ag a gro d m q atr oi withi a circ e . I n th e pres b yt e ry were foun d two part s of a tile depicting e u a n d f en of one th e n u e s of M rc ry , a ragm t with hi dq art r a k f l C l n l B deer runn ing through oa o iage . o o e idder i n h i s e xcavations at Merton foun d what appe ars t o b e a pp roxi u il E n l e f mately th e other h alf of s ch a t e . dgi g ti s O various S es e e f un a n d s ll e e iles e ch c n in n a iz w r o d , ma w dg t a o ta i g s e e l e e an d l n l es l e in us c l u s parat tt r , p ai t i g az d vario o o r ,
o n e reen e a n d b l . ra g , g , whit , ack Th e usu l s ell n us e l wa s f un — b o n s a mi c a eo m ta o d r ke key , b Cl s s n s an d s ns a n d s u s a n e e ook a p , k ive , poo , p r , adz h ad , part of a e in l e n an d n l e t aken b ut r ap g hook , ad pipi g wi dow ad a , n no coi s . Some S us s ex marble s hafts an d Volutes were foun d ne ar th e ul u in th e Cl s e s a n d i n th e infirmar th e el of p pit m , oi t r , y , chap which als o con taine d a piece of carve d foliage a nd a great B en e wa s f un i n quan tity of b roken gl as s . rok crock ry o d an l es ul rl in th e ins a n d in i nfirmar m y p ac , partic a y dra the y were a few pie ces of Bell armine ware . The pau city of fin ds i s n o doub t chiefly d ue to the higher groun d on whi ch th e Priory s tood having b een arable lan d till n l s f e Th e l u us ns n l e withi th e a t fi ty y ars . p o gh m t co ta t y hav u n u il es an d e s ll b e s l n ne s u f e t r e d p t oth r ma o j ct yi g ar the r ac . Within th e walls n ow s tan ding there i s kn own to have b een a good deal of illicit digging in th e pas t b y un informed p ers ons f e u i n s e arch o hidden tr as re . 2 4 NEWARK PRI O RY .
A farm - hous e i n th e neighb ourhood i s re cor de d i n 1 806 to n en l l s f un e s e men have had or am ta ti e o d at N wark , om with on hors eb ack a n d i n 1 844 th ere were e xhib it ed to th e S ociety o f Antiqu aries a nu mb er Of s mall articles foun d from T ese a re enu e e in A chwol o i a e e on th e s e . r tim to tim it h m rat d g , 1 n d n l u e u b n th e i of a n e l d Vol . a 3 , i c d a th m ri g , matr x h ra ic s e l s ll b es a n d s e e l l es on e th e u e a , two ma adg , v ra ti with fig r o f r es on e of a n e one s e b e een a p i t , with that arch r , with a ro tw n e a fox a d goos . These may well have b een s ome of th e res ult s of e xcavation s ’ e i n A r l 1 8 0 a n d efe e i n Br l e s Hi stor o mad p i 4 , r rr d to ay y y f l S urre Vol . 1 u es e n e y , I I , p 37 , which q ot a pamph t pri t d at Woking i n 1 840 entitle d A Hi story a nd D es cripti on of N ewa rk I e b een un b l e e a n of s b ut P ri or . y hav a to trac y copy thi , it woul d appear that th e e xcavations were th e un authorize d act o f s e e l ers n s i n th e n e b ur a n d ere s e v ra p o igh o hood , w topp d P n s f e ll a s s oon a s dis covere d . ortio o t ss e at e d pavemen t were f un i n th e s u ns e s ll l e iles o d o th tra ept , chi fly ma g az d t e b n nl e es of n m l s floWerS b uil i n s a n d xhi iti g i aid d vic a i a , , d g ; on one wa s impres se d th e figure of a n abb ot with hi s pas toral ff We e les e e ls o f un b e rin l e e s a n d s ta . dg ti w r a o d a g tt r l u h l e was s n r l n u er s b t t e e b e es s di n . m a , who di arra g d y ca ggi g I n t h e u s n es i s n ot e k b le l le o f s circ m ta c , it r mar a that itt thi n b f un kin d remai e d t o e o d .
THE F U E S OF E K PRI O ND R N WAR ORY .
L l e h a s e b een e e of Rua ld d e Cal n th e itt hith rto r cord d a , f un r f N r k P u l e s e h is n i n o de o e wa riory . D gda mi r ad ame t h e C e R ll f 1 0 a n ll Rual al o 2 d s d d e C . hart r o 3 , ca him va This e rror h a s b een copied from th e Mon a s ticon without verification into e very s ub sequen t account of th e Pri ory a n d b s u h i n n i f il h a s e s e . e i s s s e of h s o c r d id tity O c it di po d , am y his tory proves to b e well do cumente d . Al s e nl e e h e or h is fe Be e d e S n es mo t c rtai y ith r wi , atric a d , e es en e Ra inold s on of Erch emb a ld el b S en i n r pr t d , who h d oth d S urrey a n d Shipton I n Hamps hire un der Alfre d of Marlb orough t h e e f t D at tim o h e omes day S urve y . Al f e el a s en n i n C ef e e n ne e r d h d t a t hi , tog th r with i oth r Here f r s e n rs th e C s le of E s i n th e es Of o d hir ma o , a t wya march E PLAT IX .
full size)
(5 full s i ze)
TILES FROM NEWARK PRIORY .
P LATE X .
full s i z e)
(l full Si ze) (i full size)
F I TILES ROM NEWARK PR ORY .
0 I 3 NEWARK PR O RY . a nd when this ret urn i s analys e d in conj un ction with th e s ub se uen en s of s u es a n d s ul s ee q t paym t c tag aid , it wo d m that the s ervices which at th e time of th e S ur vey were performed b y five knights e ach with a carucat e n ear Ewyas were now d ue f five fees Ruald el : one s ll E s h rom which h d ti at wya , whic Arch emb ald el a nd ss bl h is f b ef e h im a s had h d , po i y ather or one of th e five n s — th e e s S en a n d k ight oth r , two at d two at i l E S n n s Ra nold e of l of s . hipto , ma or which had h d the ord wya There i s n o compl ete proof of rel ationship b etween Rainold s on of Erch emb al d a n d Erch emb ald s on of Ra inold b e een g , or tw A ch mb al a n R But th e s u n se r e d d uald . pre mptio rai d b y Ruald holdi ng three man ors in di fferen t coun ties kn own t o have b een h eld formerly b y e ither R a in old or Arch emb ald is much s trengt hened b y th e further coin ciden ces of n ame and nu e e n te re h r give . Th e appell ation d e Caln a s eems to have b een a pers on al nl C ln i n l s l in es n . e W e b e n e K d criptio o y a i t hir o g d to the g , an a f u Rual b n d w s arme d o t at a rent . d may have ee ass ociated w i n s b ut th e s n n f e of th e n was ith it thi way , fir t k ow arm r tow ul d e Ca ntil u e e e e n of i n th e e rl s F k p , who r c iv d a gra t it a y year ’ ’ of n n b u th e e f Rual 1 s e o d s e . Joh r ig , a o t tim d ath Between 1 175 a n d 1 184 th e Pipe Roll s re cord fines of 10 marcs a nd 5 marcs for fores t offen ces which were b ein g paid Off con u en l b Ruald d e C ln a n d C ln Rual i 2 The s c rr t y y a a a a d . word ’ ’ Rua ld s C lne s u es a ll C lne wa s n ot Rua ld s a n d a gg t that a , perhaps he wa s only at th e h e ad of a Norman colony s ettled S e b s En l id y ide with th e g is h town . Hi s s urn ame pres umab ly wa s Ma ub anc— that which his c il e b a n i s f ll n d b h e wa s s e es d . h dr ore , y which wi om tim ca e No groun d i s kn own for conne ctin g him with th e Maub an cs wh o e b ns of th e P l ine C un of C es e b ut e e w re aro a at o ty h t r , th r a re in dications that th e family of Clifton Ma ub anc in Dors et a n d H t n i n S us s e was of his s or o x tock . Ruald wa s l n in 1 1 en h e e s u e for s u n ivi g 93 , wh gav r ty pro ec ti g a s uit i H f 3 H a s 1 n e e ds e . e w e b 1 0 n B r or hir d ad y 2 , whe eatrice rehe ars e d a n d confirme d a chart er which Sh e had grant e d to th e P f i 4 T s i in l n l riory a ter h s death . hi s words a mos t ide tica
1 C o e R l n m 1 2 2 s o s 6 o . . l c P e R o So a s s i m. l l , J h , ip l p 3 P e R ol S oc N ew S er es V ol 2 ip l i , . iii , p . 9 . of S um 1 1 o n F. F . , J h , 1 N EWA R K P R I O RY . 3 with thos e of th e firs t charter b y which s h e an d Ruald had n e e l n s i n S en th e Ham of Pa eworth gra t d , with oth r a d d , pp ns u u i n l lle Aldeb ur e to co tr ct there a ch rch a p ace ca d y , togeth r h u of S en a n d th e of R l e th e c u with t e ch rch d oratory ip y, h rch i n ' 1 o f Shipton a n d th e chapel of S nod gton . But whereas Rua ld a n d Beatr ice were j oin t don ors in the “ s e Be e i n th e s e n wa s in un n ne fir t chart r , atric co d co ditio d ’ was s ll e f e h er us b n s e . e e pow r a t r h a d d ath Mor ov r , it ti I t pos s ible to refer t o Will iam Ma ub an c a s our heir . may b e Ruald el i n of his e Be e an d that h d right marriag with atric , l n r e that sh e wa s th e heires s of th e i e t ace d ab ov . On th e e n i n 120 W ll Maub a nc wa s in a oth r ha d , 5 i iam n r n e 2 Th e e i en es en pos itio to wa ra t the firs t chart r . v d ce at pr t l is n n l u avail ab e i co c s ive .
Th e P us e b een f un e b 1 1 w n f riory m t hav o d d y 99 , he God rey , B s of W n es e r n e a n nnu l ens n of lf i hop i ch t r , g a t d a a p io ha a f l in H n u f St mare from th e ch urch o Wie d a ts t o the ch rch o . T s th e f Al ie a n the c nons Mary a nd St . homa Martyr o deb yr d a n 3 there s ervi g God . The s ame Bishop en dowe d it with Roth ercomb e in Eas t n — u b t f P n f C . H . a s f o Meo (mis q ot e d y h e V. the gi t o rior Joh Al b ur T es e n s a re th e nl n un for de y) . h two gra t o y k own gr o d ’ th e ass ertion i n Bis hop Woodl ock s regist er in 13 12 that the us e wa s f un e b B s of n s e Th cl m ho o d d y a i hop Wi che t r . e ai i s contrary to th e t enor of the chart ers of th e Priory confirme d i n 1 2 0 a n d e s n b l b e e l ne a s s en de 3 , may r a o a y xp ai d a tatem t ma i n s upport a n d i n e xtens ion of th e fact that th e Bis hops of Win ches t er e xercis e d patron age over th e Priory— a right recorde d a s e arly a s Cox i n H . h t e V . C . . S u e l I I . 10 c s s rr Vo . c Dr y ( , p 3) a ept thi claim a n d s ays : I t woul d appe ar that th e chart er of Ruald a n d Be e tem R f f un n . wa s one o e atric , p ichard I , r o di g rather than foun din g (as in deed is implie d b y th e act u al phras eo l a n d th e n n f S Au n Al b u e e of s o t . s w ogy ) , that ca o . ti at d ry r ” far l e es bl s en a o d r ta i hm t .
1 C ar er Ro 1 E d w I I 111 8 h t ll, 4 . , . . f f S . o . urr 6 o n F F J h , 3 Wi n on Ca Ca rt R ec c . no 0 Ha n s . S o . t th . 9 , t
Re . o a n Ponti s a ra S rr R ec S oc 1 . s u . . g J h . , . , ix, p . 4 3 . 2 N EW R K PR 3 A I O RY .
Th e wording re fe rre d to mus t b e that b y which th e grant i s made to th e can ons there s ervin g or ab ou t to s erve God ” ns u e i n l e ll e Aldeb ur But to co tr ct ther a p ac ca d y . l le ca n b e e u e f s Th e Monas ti con u li es itt d d c d rom thi . s pp man y e xampl es of s uch phras in g where th e gi ft s had b een made an d th e commun ity es tablishe d b efore th e date of th e f l f f un E en l n th e orma chart er o o dation . v the imp icatio that community wa s in e xis t en ce at th e actual dat e of foun ding is not un common with Aus tin houses which often gre w from s mall b odies of s ecul ar pries ts livin g together for a comm on u s e T e e s n n p rpo . h r eems o reas on to doub t that d e Calna a d h i s fe e e th e rs f un e s of th e Aus n P a s s u wi w r fi t o d r ti riory ch , though a n u cleus of th e commun ity may well have e xis te d u l n e th e n L — Pl previo s y . I d ed ame Novus ocus th e N ew ace or
— Ne wark which quickly s upers ede d th e old pl ace - n ame of
Al d eb ur b e el n . y , may h d to poi t to it I n this c on nection it i s n ote worthy that th e oratory of R l e s urvives in l r n C n el of th e res en ip y , which the ate No ma ha c p t i s f rk u s e t e s l e n th e s u u e e . ch rch , om or y y ar o d r tha tr ct r at N wa I f a s e s R l e di d not e s a s a cen e of ul n , app ar , ip y xi t tr pop atio un l f e th e f un i n of th e P can e ti a t r o d g riory , the oratory hav n o l i n A i f s lu n of th e had parochia orig . t th e t me o th e dis o tio Priory it wa s as s ociate d with a n a lrnsh ous e where the Prior ’ n n e t en e s ns a n d E VI s n com mai tai d poor p r o , dward cha try mi s s ioners s peak of it a s b u il de d longe tyme pas t e for an ” s l a n n l i s s s ble ho pita e d s ythe that t yme a tere d . I t po i that this wa s a s mall roads ide foun dation which wa s developed b y ’ d e Galn a s b enefactions into a n Aus tin Priory on a fre s h s ite . Will s on of Rua ld d e C ln was s o es r b e in 1 18 — iam , a a , d c i d 4 5 1 He when h e wa s fine d for b ows again s t th e as s ize in S urrey . witnes s e d a charter o f Rob ert of Ewyas in an d b es ides ’ n n his en s e e h e n his warra ti g par t chart r to N wark , co firmed ’ f e f E 3 T s l s was nes s e b ath r s gi t s to wyas Priory . hi a t wit d y a s on Rob ert Ma ub a nc who wa s pos s ibly husb an d of Gunild a a n E un u a n c 4 a lni os t ce nl d father of dm d Ma b . From him rtai y des cen d that cade t b ran ch o f the famil y which in the n ame
1 P e R o S oc V ol . 2 . ip ll xxxiv , p 3 7 2 l R o ls S er es vol os . Ca r n o . c c Gl t . , x , l i , . 33 . 3 E a s C ar Hereford Pu b Li b wy h t . . m 0 of S Hen I I I old As s z e R ol 888 . . . um . F F , 44 , ( i l , , 3 16 E d w I I ( . ) .
N EW R K PR O R . 34. A I Y
b een s u ee e b h er s on n d e Den deswell le had cc d d y , Joh , whi Al ice Ma ub a nc had marrie d a n d di e d le avin g a s on Geoffry M ub an 1 12 1 Lu was l s e a n d h er s on T s a c . B y 9 cy a o d ad , homa 2 ’ Al b a n d e Pa pp ewort h wa s claiming in h er s t ead . ice Mau c s kn Her s on b o e th e n e Ma ub anc usb an e ns un n . h d r mai ow r am , e a n n s n a n d poss ibly s h e was marri d to ag atic cou i . ’ Thes e are th e representatives of Rual d s three cohe irs who have b een de al t wi th s o confusedl y in th e his tor ies of S u rrey . I n 1 2 90 in quiry wa s made whe ther it woul d har m th e Kin g if John Tregoz (chief l ord of the fee b y i nh eritan ce from th e Ewyas famil y) s houl d gr an t to Ne wark th e s ervice s d ue to him from th e mesne l ords a n d if Thomas a n d Alice d e S en de l n n l n s 3 nn n a n d B s hou d gra t to Ne wark certai a d . Ma i g ray read t h e fin din g of th e j urors to denot e that a certain Rob ert d e Lodeh a m el th e ' l l s f Tre oz a n d h d who e ord hip rom g , had un e n de Blun d n d e Den deswell an d T s d r him Joh , Joh , homa ’ d e S en e e ldi n of n s fee in of e d , ach ho g a third a k ight right th ir ’ T e a l es Rual d Ma ub an c s u e s . s e wiv , da ght r h y y , corr ct y en u th e n was el e a n d din l o gh , that gra t d ay d , add that accor g y ’ on Tre oz s e in 1 2 e ff Ma ub a n c n d e en es g d ath 99 G o ry , Joh D d ell an d Sirnon P r a re e f un l i of w , ipa d ach o d to ho d a th rd two ’ n s f es f in S en k ight e rom him d . H s n th e n u Th . i e V C . . es s s in 12 0 vari thi , ay g that gra t o ght 9 act ually took place : that Ali ce d e S en de i s kn own t o have ’ b een Rual d s daughter : that th e other two— on e of them apparen tly Dion is ia— may have marrie d l o Blun d an d de ’ D A th in u s n f e r z en deswell . s to e q i itio a t r T ego s death in 12 e ff Maub an c n d e Den d es well a n d S m n 99 , G o ry , Joh , i o H l C . . e e Pipard a re s aid b y th e V . to hav h d a third of two ’ kn f f ight s ees apiece ormerly . n Both these in quis itions have b ee mis re ad . That of 1290 s hows Rob ert d e Lodeh a m holdi ng n ot th e whol e fee whi ch R f nl T n uald el b ut o . s a d Al e d e had h d , a third it o y homa ic n l e Blun d a n n S en de hel d from him . Joh d Joh de Den deswell
el th e e - ds n ot fr d e Lodeh a m b ut f h d oth r two thir , om , rom ’ T A in th e n u s n of 1 0 1 f e re oz . Tre oz s e g ga , i q i itio 3 a t r g d ath
1 I c T rm N r ora m R e e R o 6 Ed w . e o 2 ot C . . i n d or o g ll , , Mi h , 3 , . 7 s . 1 Ro l 0 m 2 2 i n d o 2 0 E d w I s s z e ors . . A i l , 3 3 , . ( ) 3 C anc 18 E d w I e 1 N o 0 h . . , Fil 4 , . 3 . N E R K PR R WA I O Y . 35 i n 12 99 does n ot s a y that Ge offry Ma ub a nc held a third of two fees wh en Tregoz die d— as did Pipar d a n d de Den d es well b ut h e f erl el s u a n d Tre oz that had orm y h d ch a third , that g n n le Blun d in a n un kn nn 1 had ali e ate d it to Joh own ma er . Th e di s crepan cy i n th e numb er of fees given in th e two in quis itions i s perhaps d ue to one b e in g s till in dower i n 1 290 a n d th e e xpl an ation of th e s ub s tit ution i n 13 0 1 of Ge offry Ma ub an c a n d Pipard for le Blund a n d d e S en de who hel d in f ll s 12 90 i s a s o ow . T s de S en e i s n ne e n T s d e Pa eworth homa d o oth r tha homa pp , ’ Lu Ma ub an c s s on a n d e le Al e h is fe b e cy h ir , whi ic wi may a R I n 1 8 a s s n f u e of b e d e Lodeh am . 2 2 T s o o da ght r o rt homa , T s d e Pa eworth h e n e e e n l n s in S en homa p p , co v y d c rtai a d d to Rob ert d e Lod eh a m who s e ttle d them on Thomas a n d Alice ’ a n d th e heirs of their b odies failing whom to Alice s b rother Richard a n d th e heirs of his b ody : failing whom to Rob er t s elf a n d his e s u th e e wa s b him h ir , thro gh whom prop rty to e 2 held of th e chief lord . I n 1 290 occurs th e attempt b y Thomas de S en de a n d Alice h is fe n o f s s e l n e r a n d s wi to gra t part thi am a d to N wa k , thi ’ n h n s n i s frus tr ate d a s agai s t t e ki g i t eres t s . Next i n 1 2 96 Richard d e Lod eh am a n d Roger d e Lo d eh a m el n u s e r n eres i n th e re s es s e le in 12 82 an d r i q i h th i i t t p mi tt d , con ve y the m to Thomas a n d Alice d e S en de a n d th e heirs of th eir b odies : faili n g whom to Simon Pipard a n d hi s wife n 3 W l e Pr of e k u s i n his l Dio is ia . a t r ior N war p t c aim again s t T e e f ll s e f th e pas s in g of this fine . h r o ow a ries o actions b etween th e Pi ard s th e d e S en des a n d th e P th e ur of p , , riory, p port which i s diffi cult to foll ow through th e b roken s equen ce of th e
s ll But s eems likel - e e e llus as ize ro s . it y that th y w r co ive actions es ne efe th e S u e of n a n d effe d ig d to d at tat t Mortmai , to ct a n n r u P a s n n co veya ce to Ne wa k thro gh ipard a omi ee . I n 1 0 1 o n l o W e r n s n o f n Tre oz a n d en 3 , J h arr , g a d o Joh g th ef l b ne le e s f th e k n h e wa s chi ord , o tai d tt r rom i g , with whom s e n i n S l n es in th e n of se s n th e Pr rvi g cot a d , r pit g gra t i i to ior of Ne wark of th e man or of S en d which h e had ob taine d b y llus n th e Pi ards let e sel e s b e s ue an co io with p who had th m v d , d
1 n i m E w I C a c . . . 2 d . e h p 9 , Fil 9 4 1 f rr 10 I o S u . E d w F . F . , . , 1 of S urr 2 E d w I F . F . . , 4 . , N E R K PR O R 3 6 WA I Y .
n f ul 1 S m l l e e s on th e s f l os t th e ma or b y de a t . i i ar tt r core o hi s ab s en ce i n S cotl an d were iss ue d in June a n d Augus t 1303 1 with regard to a n as s ize of n ovel diss eis in b rought agains t him ar s But no fu e e of e e s u can b b y t h e Pip d . rth r trac ith r it e f un a n d i s un e n e e th e Pr e e b ine o d , it c rtai wh th r iory v r o ta d
s n P wa s s ll l n - i f t h e l an d i n que tio . ipard ti ho di g two th rds o two fees i n S en d i n
As ff Maub a n c s e - s in 1 01 b e n to Geo ry , who two third 3 had e l en e hn l e Blun d s u of u l e e 4 r a i at d to Jo , a it m ch at r dat e rs es h e ri e on e Al e s e u e a n d h ea that mar d ic , who da ght r heir Juli an a inherite d l an ds in S en d con veye d b y John l e Blun d to
Geoffry a n d Alice a n d th e h e irs o f h er b ody . A cas e report e d 5 i n a Ye ar Book a s having occurre d in 12 93 throws s ome light on s n of l e Blun d u e i s th e n fus n of the po itio , tho gh ther co io n es a n d es m nl f un d in e b ks th e s le am dat co mo y o y ar oo , o f hi was th e e n of n f l purpose o w ch r porti g poi ts o aw. Geoffry Ma ub an c i s repres ent e d a s havin g en feoffe d John l e lun th e ns n of Sir n T r ot s i c hi s l B d e . with co e t Joh e g ( ) , ov r ord Le Blun d then j oin tly enfe offs Ge offry a n d hi s wife Mau d (s i c) ff d s a n e a n d ei e s . e e d u a s s u n to th m th r h ir G o ry i , Ma d rvivi g n fe ffee enfe ffs Hen d e ul ef for l fe Ter ot j oi t o o ry G d ord i . g di s pos ses s e s d e Gul deford on the groun d that th e l as t enfe off ’ men t deprive d him of hi s wardship of Geoffry s in fan t s on l li De ul ef b n s an s s z e of n el s s e s n Wi am . G d ord ri g a i ov di i i n s Ter ot a n d s u ee s on th e s e of th e l e in agai t g , cc d cor att r hav g en t ere d with in t en t to harm rather than to prote ct th e interes t s n f n of th e i a t h eir . l l There a re p ain y errors in th e facts s tat e d . Ge offry Maub an c e ai nl u l e Tre oz a n d our e en e i s his w fe c rt y o t iv d g , vid c that i ’ a n n u We n o f hi s fe s u e was Alice d ot Ma d . k ow wi da ght r ’ a n d ei uli an b ut n hi n of e ff s s u s e s on an d h r J a , ot g G o ry ppo d n f un el n o e of th e as e e heir William . U ort at y trac c r ported But we a re b b l s f s u n can b e foun d . pro a y a e in a s mi g that l e Blun d wa s enfe ffe a s us ee of s e n u th e o d a tr t om ki d , tho gh ’ li mitation to th e heirs of Ali ce s b ody presen t s a di fficul ty y et to b e s olve d .
1 W a rr a n s 2 E d w I 2 6 C a nc . h . t , 9 , 2 a n c W a rra n s a n d C os e R o 1 E w C . d I h t l ll , 3 . . 3 I m 1 R o E d w . C os e . . l ll , 3 4 , 9 4 D e B a n co R i c 2 2 Ri c I I N o . . o 1 m 8 . ll , M h , , . 5 5 , . 9 5 Y e a r Bo o 2 1 a n d 2 2 Ed w I R o l s S eri es 1 k, . , l , 3 .
8 N EW R K PR O R 3 A I Y .
Ge offry Ma ub an c wa s i n pos s es s ion again i n b ut ul n fe of Hen d e l a Be e s u e J ia a , wi ry ch , had cc ede d h er mother Al e se e sh e wa s in e ffr ll ic , who h ir , G o y as we a s Alice us en e b een e a n d en ef n m t th hav d ad , th c orward o portion of ’ th e n s fees e ne th e al l n f two k ight r mai d to m e i e o Maub ancs .
TH L E S E A S .
Th e S e i s n eb e ll . S e ens n for oci ty i d t d to Mr Mi t ph o , t h e plate of th e Priory S e als fr om cas t s i n th e coll e ction of th e of An u es a n H S e d t o . K n s f As s s n . S . oci ty tiq ari Mr i g ord , i ta t S e e of th e S e of An u es for th e un of cr tary oci ty tiq ari , acco t T ee are f s e ls e f u them . hr rom a attach d t o th e ollowing doc men ts of S elb orne Priory now i n th e pos s es s ion of Magdal en C ll e e f o g , Ox ord l n n s . 1 a n Th e s e a un l a e N o d 3 . a d co terse a to n agreem t n t h e Pr f el n a n r 1 66 b etwee iori es o S b or e d Ne wa k d at e d 2 . Th e s e l e b R P . 2 . o f e No a attach d y ichard , rior N wark , to th e Proces s for th e Annexation of S elb orne Priory to Magdal en C ll e e i n 1 8 for u se h e b een n e o g 4 4 , which p rpo had appoi t d a ss ne b th e B s f W n s Commi io r y i hop o i che ter . i s No trace h a s b een foun d of th e s e al from which No . 4 k n ta e .
The P o 1 . ri r S ea l y .
i n es i n . 2 . V ica , x Ab e th e n n e s e e on b en a n d s u l n ov , Virgi crow d , at d a ch ck i g th e Child who s its on h er l eft knee on e ither S i de two cens in g l l bles on e e n e s . Be un e us e a g ow , d r a c p d arch with ga ith r e t h e f s of C n e b u : on th e s o St . T id , martyrdom homa a t r ry l ef e n s th e f e s one in l s e el e a n d t , two arm d k ight , or mo t c o d h m t
’ ldi n s el e b e for F u s l e es ho g a hi d , charg d with a ar itz r e , c av th e h ead of th e kn eeli ng archb is hop an d at th e s ame time un s th e of s n s b e n l n th e wo d arm Grim , who ta d hi d ho di g archi e s l Th e fi u es s n on l ow e of ee pi copa cros s . g r ta d a arcad thr
arches .
’ [S z E] CCLESI E BETE MAR IE E ME MARTI RI DE : L C SVRREI S . NOVO O O
1 m 1 E d w I . C os e R o . l ll , 34 , 9g 1 wI I m 2 E d . . s s z e R o 8 8 . A i ll , 7, (5 ) PLATE XI
ce p a ge 38 face pag e 39
THE LO DS - LI E TE A T OF S E Y R U N N URR .
BY F L T E RL ON P . F A H E A O . . S OW C . S , ,
P ident o the o i et res f S c y .
Y th e middl e of th e s ixt eenth century th e an cien t office ff e l ne i n n l n e wa s of S heri had d c i d importa ce . No o g r th e e n of th e S e th e C n of i ts f es th e he Gov r or hir , aptai orc , f i t s u i s ue th e C un r w pres iden t o Co rt . It tr that o ty Cou t a s s ll i n e s en e b ut it s nce wa s u ll n s n ti xi t c , importa grad a y dimi i hi g owing to th e growth of th e powe r of th e Jus tices of th e Pe ace fi n e un e E B th e i e o th e rs t co s titut d d r dward I I I . y t m f ’ Tu dors th e Jus tices a ctin g un der th e Court of King s Bench adminis t ere d i n th e coun ty th e s tatute s relatin g to police a n d ' oth er matt ers of local government th e military po s ition al s o th ff e l n e of e S h eri had d c i d .
Th e actua l con s titution of th e office of Lord - Lieut en an t did n ot take pl ace till th e S tatute of 37 Henry VI II b u t prior to that d ate Special Commis s ions were is s ued to s pecial officers oth er than th e Sheriff for th e rais ing a n d train ing of coun ty l evi es to guard a gains t foreign attack or domes tic dis e T s i n 1 6 Sir An n B wn e K G ll u . u e th e ord r h 53 tho y ro , . . , ca d p ’ S u e le es for - a s n in Sir An n wa s s on rr y vi thirty two d y trai g . tho y of th e C ns bl e of C la s a n d Lu e ll u e of n o ta a i cy N vi da ght r Joh , M ue s of n B wn e wa s s e e l Kn arq s Mo tacute . ro v ra times ight of th e S hire for S urrey an d acquire d much proper ty i n th e coun ty th e s s lu n of th e n s e es at Di o tio Mo a t ri .
Th e firs t func tioning Lord - Lieuten an t un der th e Act of 1545 s ee s e b een Hen 1 E l of A un el wa s m to hav ry , 4th ar r d , who n i n 1 Wh e e h e th u l l f L appoi ted 545 . th r had e act a tit e o ord L eu en n n ot s ee s b e un e n b ut h e 13 s l e i t a t or m to c rtai , ty d C s s n e f A n os S u e l o i C . S us s e H n s W s ommi io r rray rr y, x , a t , i t , n a nd Be s i n 1 a n d L eu en n of u in 1 Oxo rk 545 i t a t S s s e x 549 . 40 - E 1 TH E LO R D S LI EUTEN AN T O F S U R R Y . 4
Commis s ion s of Lieut en an cy i n thos e days were is s ue d annually n e es s l ene e n ee e e e e a nd n ot c ari y r w d , i d d th y w r at that tim a d hoc appointments in cas e of neces s ity . I 1 W ll P ues s of n b e e n 15 5 i iam arr , Marq Northampto , cam k R O an d el th e n B of th e S of S . Lieut enan t (Warra t oo s . . . ) h d ff n l 1 He el th e l eu en n of n e o ice u ti 5 53 . h d i t a cy ma y oth r n es us times b ut hi s l s e nn e n S u e cou ti at vario , c o co ctio with rr y i s b h i s n b een e e in 1 0 B l ff of S u e s hown y havi g cr at d 55 ai i rr y , S teward of Godalming a n d K eeper of Henl ey a nd Guildford P ks n was b e of C e ne P ar . Northampto , who a roth r ath ri arr , i fe of Hen wa s n e on th e es s n of w ry VII I , attai t d acc io Mary n hi s s u of L ne e b ut n e in 1 owi g to pport ady Ja Gr y , pardo d 554
- n li b e a n d re create d a Marques s on th e acces s io of E za th . Lord Howard of Effin gh a m exercis ed th e duties of Lord ’ L eu en n ur n W s reb ell n a n d L r M n ue i t a t d i g yatt io , o d o tag , a s on of Sir An n B n e th e s a e in 1 un l A un el tho y row , did m 5 57 ti r d ,
s e e a s L - L eu en n i n 1 el th e ffi e for who had rv d ord i t a t 545 , h d o c — I n 1 Lo H of Effin h a m two years i n 155 8 9 . 55 9 rd oward g wa s appoint e d Lord- Lieut en an t an d wa s th e firs t t o hol d th e office for any l ength of time a s h e s erved continuously till h i s e i n 1 He wa s s u ee e b h is s on C les wh o d ath 573 . cc d d y har , had l b een or e Kn o th r n P for S u e . f s evera y ars ight f e Shi e a d a J . . rr y
Th e Lord - Lieutenan cy s eems to have b een in ab eyan ce un til 1 8 b ut i n 1 L H n ow E l of n wa s 5 5 , 579 ord oward , ar Notti gham , n C s s ne of us e s in e I n 1 8 n a Joi t ommi io r M t r S urr y . 5 5 Notti g ham wa s given a s eries of commis s ions pl acing him at th e h ead of th e efen e o th e n n n H d c f cou try agai s t th e Spanis h me ace . e wa s e L - L e u en n of S us s e Su e e n a n d mad ord i t a t x , rr y , D vo C n ll a nd L H A l of En l n el n a nd or wa ord igh dmira g a d , Ir a d l es I n 1 88 h e n e i n ef th e ef of th Wa . 5 comma d d chi at d eat e S n s Arm He el th e L u en n of e n l h i s pa i h ada . h d ie t a cy S urr y u ti de ath i n 1624 an d for th e firs t time comb ine d with it th e office of Cus s R ul ru Th e u es of s ffi e a s of th to ot o m . d ti thi o c thos e e
Lor d - Lieuten an cy had originally forme d part of those of th e S e ff b ut i n th e e n of Hen b e e th e us h ri , r ig ry VIII it cam c tom to des ign ate i n th e Commis s ion of th e Peace one of th e le adin g Jus tice s of th e coun ty a s Cu s tos Rotuloru m or keeper of th e
oll s of th e e e ma n n L- b r Ef en r p ac , a who accordi g to am a d ( r wa s es e ll ke out e e for s coun ten aica) p cia y pic d ith r wi dom , n e l e . un l the e n of W l a n d r a c , or cr dit Not ti r ig i iam Ma y TH E LO R DS - L E TEN N T O F S R E I U A U R Y . was it usual to comb ine th e two offices ; a n d in S urrey this di d n ot ke l e ll th e l e of th e e een en ta p ac ti midd ight th c tury . From 162 1 un til hi s death in 1624 Nottingham hel d th e Lieu en n in l his s on C les s e n E l t a cy j o t y with har , co d ar , who had s a t i n s everal Parliamen t s a s a me mb er for S urrey cons titu
i On th e e of hi f - enc es . s e h e b e e L L e u en n d ath ath r cam ord i t a t , b ut th ere wa s as s oc iat ed wi th him as j oin t Lieuten an t John R s E rl of Holdern es s e He . e e e i n 1626 a nd am ay , a di d , how v r , , E r s un W b le n was in e i n h i s e dwa d , Vi co t im do appo t d s t ad . W mb l e n wa s th e r s on of W lli s e n L Bu l e i do thi d i am , co d ord rgh y n s E l of E e e He el th e s l l h i a d fir t ar x t r . h d po t ti s de ath in 1 6 8 I n 16 6 T s E l of A un el l s n 3 . 3 homa , ar r d a o b e came j oi t Lieuten an t a n d held th e offi ce until th e outb re ak of th e Civil Wa r i n 16 2 en th e R l C s s n n s e e . 4 , wh oya ommi io t rmi at d n e e wa s e s s ne b th e P li en Notti gham , how v r , r commi io d y ar am t a s s l e L eu en n b ut di e l s e el a nd was o i t a t , d a mo t imm diat y, s u ee e b Al e n n Pe E l of u b e l n cc d d y g r o rcy , ar North m r a d , who
as al s L - L eu en n of S s s e w o ord i t a t u x . Durin g th e lieuten an cies of th e two Nottinghams a n d North umb erl a n d we ob s erve a gr owin g activity on th e part of th e
- L u n n Th e n s e e en e Deputy ie te a ts . Notti gham w r b oth gag d i n pub lic affairs at home a n d ab road a n d Northumb erl an d wi th h i s own b us in ess i n th e North ; s o de tails of coun ty
l n n e e l ef th e e u - L eu en n s mi itary orga izatio w r t to D p ty i t a t , Sir P n n s e of Los el e Sir R b Pa hu s e b e oy i g Mor y , o ert rk r t , m m r for uil f r l s S u n a nd Sir R nsl G d o d , Nicho a to ghto ichard O ow , Kn of th e S e T u u th e C l War we e e ight hir . hro gho t ivi h ar v ry
l l e of th e L - L eu en n u u b e l n el itt ord i t a t , tho gh North m r a d h d
th e s un l th e R es n w en h e b e e L - L eu en n po t ti toratio , h cam ord i t a t
a n d Cus tos Rotul oru m of S uss e x an d Lord- Lieuten ant of b erl n I n S u h e wa s s u ee e b L Northum a d . rrey cc d d y ord un of A l n th e s e n s on of th e s E l of Pe e Morda t va o , co d fir t ar t r b u b een one oi th e s s ne s in 16 oro gh , who had commi io r 5 9 to h R s n o l e He el th e ffi e ill t reat for t e e toratio f Char s I I . h d o c t h i s e i n 16 en h e wa s s u ee e b P n e Ru e d ath 75 , wh cc d d y ri c p rt , l n W en Ru e e in 682 h e was D uke of Cumb er a d . h p rt di d 1 ll H H th k of lk As h a s f e b en u e f . o ow d y ry oward , 7 D Nor o al e b een en n e i n th e e n of W ll an d r ady m tio d r ig i iam Mary , it
b ecame general for th e two offi ce s of Lord - Lieuten an t an d Cus s R ul u t b e e in one e s n u h to ot or m o merg d p r o , tho g they
- . TH E LO R D S L E TE N N T O F S R RE 4 4 I U A U Y . l k n ma n s a nd s u — hi s s ub ue a oo i g , hort to t o riq t w s Duck ” l He e e es s El b e K e s . n of g marri d a rich h ir , iza th ight Jamaica , a n d with h er money cons iderably e xten de d hi s Surrey prope rty a n b u l th e esen us e Cl n n T e i s n ot u d i t pr t ho at a do . her m ch to record of h i s lieuten an cy e xcept one anecdot e which i s a
u ee en on e een - en u e ul q r comm tary ight th c t ry cr d ity .
A s L - L eu en n a s P e s h e u us ord i t a t , or a J . . p rhap , had a c rio f i 1 A e n duty to per orm n 726 . c rtai Mary Toft of Godalming had ar ous e d th e in t eres t o f th e s ci enti s t s of thos e days by re en n r u a n n en ous f u e b b b s p t di g th o gh i g i ra d to giv irth to ra it . Sh e s u ee e i n e e n n H f l . o u f cc d d d c ivi g Dr Joh oward G i d ord , ’ An e th e K n S n An a n d St . s u e s Th fr . . e u Mr dr , i g rg o atomi t a d wa s un s e b Sir Ri nn n L ma k d y chard Ma i gham , ord Onslow wa s as ke d to ob tain th e eviden ce of all thos e at God a lming or at Guildford wh o might b e ab l e t o throw li ght on th e s e an d e s ns e e s n b ef e e e ca , th ir depo itio w r wor or him , ith r l f l n n at Gui d ord or at C a do . I n 1 0 T s e a n d wa s s u ee e b h i s s on R 74 homa di d cc d d y ichard ,
rd L nsl l s s u e e a s L - L eu en n 3 ord O ow , who a o cc ed d him ord i t a t R ul u H for M n s e s e e s b e e P . a d Cus to ot or m . had om y ar n for u l f b ut h e n o e s for ff s s o . G i d ord , , had gr at ta te a air It happene d that during h i s re ign th e importance of th e Lord L n e n ll th e n en of ieut en an cy i cr as ed . Nomi a y appoi tm t us es wa s a s s ll i s i n th e n s of th e C n u J tic , it ti , ha d row thro gh the L n ell D n th e dl e of th e s e en een ord Cha c or . ow to mid v t th century th e Ju dges of As s ize were e xpecte d to make recom m en da ti ons of s u b l e e s n s b ut f e th e R es n s ita p r o , a t r toratio thi ’ s n A ce as ed wi th th e Judge s upervis ion of cou ty b us ines s . e of u el l l n ul n su ee e b ut a s p riod p r y po itica ma ip atio cc d d , Jus tices were appoin te d or dis mis s e d for n o re as ons b ut l n en s uffe e b l uall l nes L l e . po itica o , oca Gov r m t r d ad y Grad y th e Crown came to rely on th e Lord - Lieuten an ts more a n d e a n d b th e e R nsl b e e L eu en n mor , y tim that ichard O ow cam i t a t of S urrey th e advice of the Lieutenan t wa s th e main avenue th e Ben u th e C n ell e ine th e h to ch , tho gh ha c or r ta d right w ich ll n en en n n ll b e s een h e s ti enjoys of i dep d t appoi tme t . It wi that th e patron age place d c ons iderab l e power i n th e han ds of th e L eu en n es e ll en wa s e th e n . i t a t , p cia y wh it add d to appoi t
- men t of D eputy Li eutenan t s a n d Militia Officers . I n 1 en th e n s n o f En l n b th e P e en e 745 , wh i va io g a d y r t d r - L E TEN N T O F S R R E TH E LO R DS I U A U Y . 4 5
l e th e L - L eu en n f e a n s s n s e took p ac , ord i t a t orm d a ociatio to rai e i n of C un l A C un e n wa s el a r g me t o ty Mi itia . o ty Me ti g h d K n s n on th b e 1 an d e en s e London at i g to 9 Octo r , 745 , a r gim t rai d ( Ga z ette nsl w n e th e e i en a s , O o comma d d r g m t C l nel b ut ne e th e e l a n d n e can l e o o , it v r took fi d i d ed hard y hav b een s e e s e e e in e b aid to hav xi t d xc pt m ryo . ’ I n 1 P s li B ll e e e th e R l As s en b ut 757 itt Mi tia i r c iv d oya t , owi ng t o th e Oppos ition s hown i n Surrey a n d el s ewhere to i t s s ns wa s not ill 1 nsl wa s b l e e provi io , it t 75 9 that O ow a to tak
s s e th e e en I n nu ee - fifth s of mea sure to rai r gim ts . Ja ary thr th e coun ty qu ota of men were chos en a nd enroll e d a n d com s s ns s s ue th e e u s e numb e of ffi e s nsl mi io i d to r q i it r o c r . O ow wrot e to Pitt as king for arms a nd accoutremen ts for th e re gi en He s elf b een n e th e s C l n el of m t . him had appoi t d fir t o o th e R m en b ut h e es n e s n a n d Si r l s C e egi t , r ig d oo Nicho a ar w i l On th une 1 nsl es P h s e . 2 took p ac 5 J , 75 9 , O ow writ to itt that th e e en ns s e of 800 men e n o t en n es r gim t co i t d , divid d i t compa i a n d en - five ffi e s a nd f On rd une tw ty o c r orty 3 J , 1 h e wa s e e e b th e e en a n d es 75 9 , dir ct d to m ody r gim t d patch five n es R es e a n d S r f an d compa i to och t r t ood , two to Dart ord C f and e s en I n b e th e e en ray ord , thr e to Grave d . Novem r r gim t wa s s l n th e s b l n of five n es b e n p it i to two , fir t atta io compa i i g under th e comman d of Si r Nicholas Carew a n d th e s econ d un e e e ns l Th e C l u s of th e Re en s u li e d r G org O ow . o o r gim t pp d b th e Wa r Ofii ce e e n n l an d Wh e Fl y w r two , a U io F ag a it ag b e n th e s of th e L - L h l A i . e t ns s eu en n . e . ari g arm ord i t a t , O ow rm ’ Th e L - L eu en n s A s e e l s n on th u s ord i t a t rm w r a o b or e e dr m .
On th e death of Ge orge I I th e Lord - Lieuten ant wr ote to Pitt a f ll H 0 P a ers M i i ti 1 s s l a . 0 o ow ( . . p , p 3)
CLAN D N O , 1 une 1 6 1 9 j , 7 .
S I R , Y o u ha ve herewith t h e n a mes of th e s evera l gentlemen wh o ha ve e en a o n ed officers in t h e S urre a os e Commi s s ons b p p i t y Militi , wh i d e ermi ne b t h e re oca on of mi n e from h i s a e a es t I mus t y v ti l t M j y . t r f r d es re ou t o la e r n a m f r e e o e M . th i y y th i es be o e H .
On 2 2n d e e b e 1 62 E e n 011 th e es s n D c m r , 7 , gr mo t , who acc io ’ of Bu e s e n en s u ee e P s en r e s t o t Gov r m t had cc d d itt , t o d r s e b th e l di m ody Mi itia . ’ Th e Militia were n ot call e d out again durin g On slow s life e b ut w n th e uns e le s e of ff s h e wa s e e tim , o i g to tt d tat a air , dir ct d 6 TH E LO R DS - L E TEN N T o r S R R E 4 I U A U Y . i n 177 1 to furn is h a compl et e ret urn o f th e s trengt h of hi s f es a n d e n e l us e wa s e e in 1 orc a g ra m t r ord r d 773 . us b ef e h is e th e Su e li lun ee e b J t or d ath , rr y Mi tia vo t r d to e e l n a n H M s ul in k e o u . . e We mp oy d y d ty that ho d th prop r . y u en S e e of S e e nsl : mo th , th cr tary tat , wrot to O ow
M mm n H . . co a d s me t o con e rou u M u n a o H . L e e n of v y th gh y . i t t t h e Coun o f S urr e hi s er r a c ou s a ro a on o f t h e comm en d ty y , v y g i p p b ti a ble z e a l a n d S p irit S hown b y t h e Offi c ers of th e Mili tia of tha t Coun ty i n the ir loy a l o ffer
Onslow di e d i n 1776 an d wa s s u ccee de d b y h i s s e con d cous in e e L r C nl e s on of S e ke A u n sl G org , o d ra y , p a r rth r O ow , who us b e e L nsl a n C nl e He b e e I s t th cam ord O ow d ra y . cam E l of nsl in 1 80 1 I n 1 6 h e s u ee e h i s us n a s ar O ow . 77 cc d d co i
L - L eu n o e n u R l P ord i te an t f S urr y a d C s to s otu orum . rior to h i s b eing cre ate d a pe er h e had s a t for l ong a s Knight of th e S hire for S urrey a n d he had al s o comman de d th e S urrey il He b e n of uil f i 1 6 a n a M itia . had e Mayor G d ord n 7 8 d w s H K n He b e e H S e of igh S teward of i gs ton . cam igh t ward Guildford a s h i s thre e prede ces s ors in the Lieu ten an cy had b een n h h l I n 8 as e e s u ee e t e ns ee e . 1 wh cc d d to O ow p rag 77 , s oon a s th e Treaty b e twe en Fran c e an d th e revolt e d American C l n es b e e kn n h e wa s ere e b the S u e o o i cam ow , ord d to m ody rr y li n Th e e s of th e L Mi tia a d prepare them for s ervice . pow r ord Lieuten an t over th e Mili tia had b een re vis e d S in ce 1 757 a n d h e wa s e n trus te d b y th e Act of 1779 with t h e duty o f th e apportionmen t of th e m en i n di fferen t paris he s a n d of con th m l b ll He l s s ll nt e th e ffi e s u n e . d cti g i itia a ot a o ti appoi d o c r , f n n h K n To ens u e th e a ter s ub mitti g th eir ames to t e i g . r that l e m b e e s ons n e es e i n th e efen e of th e eal att r ight p r i t r t d d c r m , th e Lord - Lieuten a n t wa s en trus te d with th e duty of making certain regul ations at hi s own d is cretion a s to th eir s ocial ls s n a n d er u li n wa s e u e . po itio , a prop ty q a ficatio a o r q ir d e e en th e l wa s n ot e b d e th e L Mor ov r , wh Mi itia m o i d , ord Lieut en an t had power to di s charge a certain numb er of officers ’ L s l f e f u e s s e i e i n e e e es e e . a t r o r y ar rv c ord r to cr at a r rv a t y , th e Lord - Lieuten an t wa s en tru s te d with th e duty of s uper T us s n an d an n for th e e ul nn u l n n s . vi i g arr gi g r g ar a a trai i g h , th e whol e mili tary admin is tration of th e coun ty wa s in his ’ n s Bu n s es ha d ( r Dig t , Th e Militia on this occas ion were emb odie d for four years
8 TH E LO R D S - L E TEN N T o r S R R EY 4 I U A U . rece ive d th e congr atulations of th e S ecretary of S tate on th e s u ess of th - t cc e t um ou . I n 1798 th e Militia i n S urrey wa s reporte d to b e b elow th e s en u re b Act of P l en T s s e s tr gth req i d y ar iam t . hi e m to have us s e en for T e n e s th e ues n in th e ca ed om comm t , i r y rai ed q tio Hous e of Commons a n d move d for a n inquiry in to th e Lord ’ Li eut en an t s cond uct in regard to th e manner i n which th e Act to provide for th e d efence of th e re alm had b een carried in to effe i n th un of u e e C S . n of e e ct o ty rr y Nothi g came it , how v r, a nd Tiern ey wa s b e aten i n a divi s ion b y 141 to 22 on 8th 1 8 May , 79 . I n ul 1 th e S u e l u e e Pl u J y 799 rr y Mi itia were q art r d at ymo th . I n Augu s t Onslow wrot e to Hus ki s s on ab ou t the future es tab li shment of th e Militia s aying that th e three regimen ts had e ach furn is he d th eir qu ota to th e lin e a nd h e hoped to b e ll e e th e C un n ow e u e n a ow d to divid o ty , r d c d to i to s of h e ee e en 600 e . e s e e t thr r gim t ach It app ar , how v r , that Govern men t favoure d th e re duction of th e s tren gth to one e i en a s nsl o e on 1 b e s n l u n r g m t , O w wrot 3th Octo r tro g y rgi g th e e en n of th e 2n d S u e on th e es b li s men M ili ti a r t tio rr y ta h t ( ,
— 8 1 0 O . 1 8 2 . 2 H 79 , No 7 , ) I n 1801 we fin d th e s trength of th e Militia in S urrey to have f ll en b el th e s n of ef en a nd in b e L a ow ta dard fici cy , Octo r ord
Hob art wrote s trongly to the Lord - Lieut en an t u rging him to
’ l s no i n u l n h e e en He e in e of o e time s pp yi g t d fici cy . r m d d him th e pen al ty th e Coun ty wa s un der for e very man deficien t h e A t of G c 1 f e s n e un e t c eo . 106 . 0 . n a t r thi otic d r 39 , Nothi g , e e wa s ne a s th e el n es of e e e e S ne how v r , do , pr imi ari p ac w r ig d n A ens in 1 I n i n th e s ame month a d ratifie d at mi March 802 .
April th e Mili tia were dis emb odied . u n Wa r b e out Th e Pe ace of Amiens was of s hort d ra tio . rok n i n 180 b ut b ef e el ns b e een En l n a n d agai 3 , or r atio tw g a d n e e e s e e e th e il a wa s e b e on 1 1th Fra c w r v r d M iti m odi d , March , h e ffi s th e u s e 1 0 A di f ul u e n t . 8 3 . fic ty occ rr d amo g o cer at o t t Hu s n b een n e n Maj or d o , who had appoi t d to a vaca t maj ority , Th e di ffi ul a s i n 180 1 n ow wa s s e n . w , po t d to a compa y c ty d b ein L u - C l nel s the un C l nel ue . to there g two ie t o o , j ior, o o Su n b ein n of th e Re en Th e L tto , g appoi ted Maj or gim t . ord L ll e e He ul n ot do s o ieu tenant wa s c a e d on to d cid . co d him s l Th e e a s e en u ll e f a n d consulte d Lord Hob art . matt r w v t a y - N F S R R E TH E LO R D S LI EUTEN A T O U Y .
eferre th e l a w ffice s e e i n f ur of Hu s n r d to o r , who d cid d avo d o , S utton b e ing pl ace d on th e s upernumerary lis t un til a vacan cy l s hou d occur . Jus t b efore th e emb odimen t took place Ons low s ub mitte d ol s for th n n of th e H 1 80 V . e e e ( 3 , XXXI) a ch m orga izatio M l B s s e e e en s e e b e S urrey i itia . y thi ch m two r gim t w r to cons titute d with th e s ame numb er of companies into which th e two corps were forme d previous to th e pas s ing of th e l as t ct T s s e e wa s e e b th e e n en a nd ul A . hi ch m acc pt d y Gov r m t d y e out carri d . l u s A good de al of difficu ty wa s experien ce d in ge tting recr it . This wa s th e cas e mainly i n S outhwark wh ere th e men us e d to n a s s n a s en ll e nsl s n ab s co d oo ro d . O ow took dra tic actio to s top this b y s en di ng a Gu ar d to att en d th e Magi s trates Court r hn k l e T e e e en e wh ere th e en o ent too p ac . h y w r th march d off e u e s e e e un e en s u e s n l to h adq art r , wh r th y d rw t ch p r o a al teration a s woul d make them readily kn own to military men n l r l r a nd cons equ e t y mo e re adi y appreh en de d if they des e t ed . S ll th e u wa s n ot f n a n d i n Ma a n u en ti q ota orthcomi g , y rg t l H 80 Vol th e f e e e O. 1 . e f e H tt r ( . , 3 , XXXI) cam rom om O fic , s aying that unl es s th e qu ota were forthcoming b y th e en d of h n l B k or th e mon th t e regime t wou d b e dis emb odied . y hoo b y crook th e Lord - Lieuten an t collected th e men a nd th e n s e e n ne regime t w r mai tai d .
On 1 1th July a meeting of Lords - Lieuten an t wa s h eld at s T s ee n a s for th e u se of th e Hors e Gu ard . hi m ti g w p rpo fixing th e prece den ce of th e various emb odi e d Militia Regi n s T s wa s th e l s s n on ns l a s b le me t . hi a t occa io which O ow w a e in ubli c for s e e a s h e wa s ken ill i n 1 80 to app ar p om tim , ta 4 ,
a n b l e o n e - L u en e h i s u es d o ig d to app i t a Vic ie t ant to p rform d ti .
Th e e - L eu en n wa s L e n u Te n u wa s Vic i t a t ord T ig mo th . ig mo th appoin te d i n March 18 04 a n d it wa s n ot un til Augus t 1807 that
we find nsl n n a s L - L u en n O ow agai acti g ord ie t a t . I n 1802 th e lun ee Act wa s s s e w n e Vo t r pa d , hich gra t d volun teers exemption from th e mil itia b allot i n c ons ideration ’ of five s nn u l n n I n 180 th e e ll e a day a a trai i g . 3 e Gov rnm n t c a d l n ee Th e ll for more vo u t rs . adminis tration of the Force fe
u n th e L s - L eu en n a nd th e s a s no l one po ord i t a t ta k w ight . T e e wa s no l k of re u s for b lun ee n man h r ac cr it , y vo t ri g a e s cape d th e militia b all ot — als o it wa s kn own that there wa s E 0 THE LO RDS - L E TEN N T o r S R REY 5 I U A U .
b b l of th e l e en ma s s e b e n e ou t un e a pro a i ity vy i g carri d , d r which every ab le - b odi e d man woul d b e drill ed whe ther h e l ot C ef n th e f ul es wa s of b n iked it or n . hi amo g di fic ti that o tai i n s I n S u e s e ene u n th e e Th e g arm . rr y thi thr at d to r i Forc .
Lord - Lieutenan t protes te d s trongly a n d forwarde d a letter from on e of his col on el s s aying that among 600 men there were b ut 2 20 mus kets a n d that unl es s th e remain der were at on ce foun d b y th e Ordn an ce th e Corps woul d b e b roken up ; for th e men had drill e d for three mon ths withou t arms a n d were e of But n of s l n e wa s a n e en e e e l tir d it . wa t di cip i v gr at r vi . I n th e Lamb eth Corps th e right of appointing th e ofii cers wa s es e in th e e b e s of th e s e u e e v t d m m r corp , who had q ipp d th m el es Th e in l ffi e s e e n e b l s v . orig a o c r w r appoi t d y a civi com mittee c ns s e of e s ns s ub s b e l b e , which o i t d p r o who had cri d i r ll e u en of th e s But e wa s ns u e a y to the q ipm t Corp . th re co tit t d a Military Committ ee which at on ce came to l oggerheads with t h e C l C ee e th e n en of f e s Th e ivi ommitt ov r appoi tm t o fic r . C b e ell C r s ual l u n e a nd Te n u n am rw o p act y m ti i d ig mo th , acti g for nsl d s b n e b ut th e e b e s e e a ll e O ow , i a d d it , m m r w r acc pted a e u s for th e S u C r s s r cr it o thwark o p . s n o e th e s e of e I f Affair did t improv with pas ag tim . n act ’ it wa s Onslow s duty to report i n 1807 on e of th e wors t cas es of n s l ne u e u u th e un i di cip i that had occ rr d thro gho t co try . On e s e e n of th e Ri n C s s u C l nel parad , a rg a t chmo d orp tr ck o o e us b n n e out Th e wh o e e di s e a d u . Dr w , ca d him to arm d t r d S ergean t b rought a n action again s t th e Col onel a n d it wa s ’ h el d that th e l atter had n o right to take ‘ th e S erge an t s n n s s word s o Drew wa s mul cte d i £5 00 damages a d cos t . No wonder that Teign mouth reporte d when Onslow took over th e u es of L - L eu en n n f e hi s ll n s s in 180 d ti ord i t a t agai a t r i e 7 , Th e Volun teer plan wa s at firs t en tere d in to i n a right a n d e s b ut now h a s ndl e n l le el s e prop r pirit , it dwi d dow to itt ” n n He e ut tha exemptio from other s ervice s . might hav p th e s u e n l ca e m ch mor s tro g y . I n th e autumn of 1 807 th e Copenh agen Expe dition wa s un dertaken owing to th e grave danger that wa s imminen t from th e co- operation of th e Dan es with th e French an d th e ns e uen n re s n e l of n s n All l e e wa s s e co q t i c a i g p ri i va io . av topp d for th e A a n d l s n n u e en s e e el out rmy Mi itia , tro g i d c m t w r h d to militia men to j oin th e line a n d a n Act wa s pas s e d t o en ab le
2 THE LO R DS - L E TEN NT o r S R R EY 5 I U A U . of e s i n P l en b ut n ot for S u e ns uen He y ar ar iam t a rr y co tit cy . b een s e of th e M n en l l s i n 1 801 had Ma t r i t (th a po itica po t) , a L of th e A r l a n d L of th e Be b e He ord dmi a ty a ord dcham r . wa s PC a n F R d . . S a . . W en h e e h e wa s s u ee e b W ll I s t E l of h di d cc d d y i iam , ar L el e b een i n m n f th e u e Ye n o S . ov ac , who had com a d rr y oma ry ’ Lord Lovelace s lieu ten an cy rivall ed i n poin t of Vi ew of time of th e th nsl for h e fill e th e f e f 1 8 0 ll that 4 O ow , d o fic rom 4 ti h is e i n 1 d ath 893 . He wa s b n i n 1 80 a nd th e a e of f u e i n 1 a S i . . 80 w or 5 at g o r, 9 , ken s ee e r e L nsl Th e l e l t o ta to G o g , ord O ow . att r to d him rememb er that he had met a man wh o a s a chil d had s een one of th e lb e i e s on th e s ff l of C l es I T s wa s ha rd r ca o d har . hi Au us n Boi s ra on wh o fun ne in s nn e ed g ti g , ctio d thi ma r , ag e een i n 1 6 L nsl wa s b n i n 1 1 a nd B s ight , 49 . ord O ow or 73 oi n us a e b een ell e 100 en h s a w im I n rago m t h v w ov r wh e h .
1809 Onslow wa s s e ven ty - eight a nd Lor d Lovelace died eighty f u e l e Th e e l s n Th e es 26 e s . e s o r y ars at r . thr iv pa 2 y ar tory i s quite au th enticate d a nd th ere i s n o doub t of i t s truth a s n n s f L l ma y ca t e ti y who h eard it from ord Love ace .
Mili ti a Ac h L - L e n of I n 187 1 th e , t deprive d t e ord ieut na cy u of i ts l n e b ut s wa s in n ew m ch mi itary patro ag , thi revived a form s ome thirty - five ye ars l at er when th e Territorial Force was ns u e Th e lun ee e en e o l i tit t d . Vo t r mov m t , howev r , t ok p ace ’ during Lord Lovelace s t enure of offi ce a nd h e wa s active i n i ts en u e en f 18 n s His s u es s was co rag m t rom 5 9 o ward . cc or A l h H n E an as dm t e o . n s e n d e in 18 6 d w ira Fra ci g rto , who i d 9 s u ee e b Willi 8th s un l e n s e e cc d d y am , Vi co t Mid to , who p riod of ff e c n e th e S u Af n War u n i o ic oi cid d with o th rica , d ri g wh ch h e rais ed afres h th e S urrey Regim en t of Ye omanry which had b een di sb an de d as a s eparate unit a n d had b ecome a of th e H s Y n i n 18 0 troop amp hire eoma ry 3 . h i e b O1 th e Ho Hen T e new reg ment was c omma n d d y C . n . ry
Cub wh o en L dl e n es n e b e e L - L u itt , wh ord Mi to r ig d cam ord ie t enant in 1905 an d who s till c ontin ues to pres ide over th e l n n nu C un a nd we e c e s o . o ty , hop may o g o ti to do
A l is t of th e Lord - Lieu ten an ts of Surrey i s dis pl ayed in the C un H ll Kin s n b ut s di ffe s in s ome es e s f o ty a at g to , thi r r p ct rom c es e es l e b eli e b e ccu s o I that whi h my r arch ad me to ve to a rate , s venture to append a lis t givi ng my authorities for my s tatement . D — L E TEN NT E TH E LO R S I U A O F S U R R Y . 5 3
" . A 4 1 4 A S 6 4 A A m 6 i 6 o . E U 8 v 2 . S 3 3 m 3 3 n 3 n s A 3 3 o 0 . m ? m o N c 6 6 6 o . Q 6 6 S 6 6 . A m o u m a Q O “ e m . N m . R a A A A cE R 5 s s s R m s w N 5 m M . w 8 E3 o o a o a H E fl o S fl 8 g m i fl r 3 E a o a 9 E E o m S m fl R fl s V 3 S w z n o k m m a m E w m m N m fi n A m E s m . fl q x s 5 . K 5 H . 3 a 2 . a 2 $ w . Q © H e S o v :c2 o m S c o o 3 8 3 m $ fl 8 w S 3 T > 3 m m S a A d 3 3 :fi 3 o m m S o 6 6 8 0 m mQ m 5 4 o 5 m Q w 0 0 0 0 9 o U oQ w . d u S s > S u S S m u . n 2 3 o S a u H E n n R E E fi fi E E 5 3 m 5 o u o a $ “ o R o e S 0 g fl o 0 n ? 6 w d R w 3 Q w Q 6 S o w o n 6 » 0 f c A Q O p TH E LO R D S - L E TEN NT O F S R RE 5 4 I U A U Y . u A 4 m. mc g 3 & . c 6 o s u m o v s S wS c 5 . e 0 a S m m 3 mm S G m E E N 9 e c M m S w K o 8 u m 3 S . w Q fi 8 o m z N u kmo fi . 6 c . d E 2 3 3 z S 8 m0 m t
- - 0 a 8 5 u o o o qz 9 8 fl 2 . 1 m 5 fi S O 8 m o u 6 z u me $ a 0 E m 3 “0 n z 6 ( . Q a a u o . a Q fi 3 fi s mx a u o o E o m 4 u a M e 9 m a q m c m . m o z r fl w w “ . m fi u 3 e m fi m “ o . o fi S c o “ . m m m fi a o . fl o a fi z u E a o w i 6 t fi fi u . n fi 5 a a s o o g i c o a o 5 d s o a E— m 8 a u o mmm2 H u wo 6 z a n o m H o jw m m
S OME S EY BELL- BARRO S URR W . BY
R N ELL L . V . G I S .
I N TR OD UCTI ON .
B ell - ba rrows i n Genera l : thei r e ni ti on T es i s tri buti on D fi , yp , D
a nd D a te .
HE - whi ch ancient burial mounds , tumuli or barrows add interest and beauty to s o many of the uplands of E l a re ng and and elsewhere , of various kinds , and until they have been opened it is helpful to classify them according to their outward appearance .
A bell - barrow is a burial - mound surrounded by a platform l which is genera ly surrounded by a ditch . The presence of a platform or berm outside th e mound is the cri terion of a bell barrow , provided that the berm is not too wide and the mound
- not too small , when the type becomes a disc barrow . I S rm 1 n urrey the berm or platfo tends to be rather wide , particularly in the Horsell Common and Deerl eap Wood e in examples , and the tendency to a wide berm is vident the
Avebury district as well . Wide and narrow berms are both S S frequent in the tonehenge area , but in West ussex all the
- ll bell barrows have narrow sloping berms . Norma y the berm is on the same level as the ground immediately outside the
a — a s i l barrow, but occasion lly on M lston Down , Wi ts , and m S a Wisley Com on , urrey , the berm is r ised three or four feet n l above the surrou di ng ground . In severa examples in Wilt shire and S urrey there is a l ow ringwork or rampart outside h the ditch , but this feature is the exception rat er than the
- ul i n . r e . Bell barrows ex st in singles , rows , twi s or triples n l l sur Twins are surrou ded by an ova ditch , and trip es are
1 A s th e Surrey bell - ba rrows a re a ll on s a n dy s oil a nd th e moun ds l ers r a h erm w r ll w r l l a re con s e uent o e t e s e e or na e s t . q y v p d , b igi y id i 56 E EY E - W SOM S URR B LL BARRO S . 5 7
u u W ' 8 E E E - 5 SOM SURR Y B LL BARROWS . rounded sometimes by an elongated oval ditch (as on Amesbury D Crooksb ur S r own , Wilts , and y Common , u rey) and some
— - O times by an hour glass shaped ditch (as on verton Hill ,
Wilts) . Barrows of the bell form have been recorded chiefly 1 from the counties south of the Thames , and they are most abundant l S A in Wiltshire , especial y near tonehenge and vebury . The
1 0 - S E writer has details of over 3 bell barrows in outhern ngland , and about eighty of those are in Wiltshire , eight in Dorset , ten S in Hampshire , twelve in Berkshire , twelve in ussex and about
S . S S seven in urrey The figures for Wiltshire , ussex and urrey are fairly complete a s almost every barrow h as been examined h hi but a search among the barrows of Hamps ire , Berks re and D l l orset wou d probab y reveal a few more . An examination of nearly all the known barrows on th e S ussex Downs (about a thousand in number) reveal ed the fact that the bell - barrows n all A in that cou ty are found west of rundel , and a more recent examination of nearly a ll the known Surrey barrows
(about eighty) shows that in this county bell - barrows are not k S foun d east of Dor ing . earch among a few of the barrows K l ” of ent has revea ed no bells , and none are mentioned in ’ any of the volumes of A rchaeol ogi a Ca nti a na or in J essup s rc aeo o o K e County A h l gy f nt.
i ll - i s ffi Regard ng the period of be barrows , it su cient to point out that excavation in them has revealed primary interments of a ll periods from the Beaker period (as at Woodyates and S a s l near tonehenge) to the inverted urn period ( at Huish Hi l , ’ Anci ent D s R . s ee . Wilt , and Woodyates , orset C Hoare s
I . . r Wi lts . 2 , Vol , p 43 , and elsewhere) The most f equent method of primary interment in bell - barrows seems to have
i e h . been by simple cremation ( . . cremation wit no urn)
- S URRE Y BE LL BA RRO WS .
— - CROOKS BURY N ELe AD i l . 1 3 . COMMO , Tr p e barrow
0 — r m i nn er mar i n o f ma 6 1 1 mm . o W 3 3 f . g p Ma 0 S ‘ E ' s ' 6 o ‘ p 3 — i ar i n of ma mm r m S nner m . 2 18 2 2 . o 5 f . g p l w r r n a n P i f l s t ea Soi : Lo e G ee s . I n a r s h o E d . d n n urve s ma e a nd P ot o ra e I n depe de t s y d h g ph d ,
O i i N N W E itua ti on on hi roun . n ta t on b S S . S r e . . . y . . gh g d
1 r olk E xa mpl es north of th e Th a me s h a ve been n ot ed f om Norf .
PLATE X I V
WI SLE Y COMMON B E LL - B A RROW
N ot e t h e ra i s e l a t for m d p .
OF H R E MM N w E - ARR SECTION O S LL CO O ( . ) B LL B OW
N ot e t h e it c h i n i ca t e b l i ht e r a n d l o n e r ra s s t h e [ d d d y g g g , v e r w i e b e r m a n d t h e m o u n b e i n n i n t o r i s e o n t h e y d , d g g l e ft S l d e o f t h e p hot ogr a p h ] fa ce p ag e 5 9 E E - W SOM SU RREY B LL BARRO S . 5 9
D es cripti on — The earthwork consists of three roughly l circu ar mounds enclosed within an elongated oval ditch , out i l side which s a ow bank . This ditch and bank could not be
- - traced by the writer on the west south west side , where they appear to have been obliterated when a path was made along this side . The northern mound is not quite in line with the i s other two , being placed a little to the east , but it joined by h a col to the central mound , whic has a depression in the s o centre . The northern mound is not large as the other two . The berm is definite at the northern end where it is slightly d th e raise , but it is vague at the south , and southern mound appears to slope straight into the ditch . The whole earth 2 0 6 work is about 4 feet long and 9 feet wide . The encircling ditch is about 1 8 inches deep and the exterior ringwork between f 1 2 . O i s and feet high The width the berm varies , but 4 or 5 y a rd s a t the north and north - east parts where it is best pre i s 6 served . The northern mound about feet high , the middl e h 1 0 one about 9 feet and the sout ern about 9 or feet high . [Horiz ontal measurements are by tape vertical ones by t judgmen ] The whole earthwork is covered with pines , and al l so with vague hummocks and hollows and undu ations , and r the plan is therefore somewhat diag ammatic .
- Triple barrows are extremely rare , and previously recorded Wes s ex om the Ai O G r r . S examples are described in f , by . . Al K eill er Crawford and exander . Brief reference to the i s H r . S u re E V C . . I . 0 lstead example made in y , Vol V, p . 4 5 , and ’ imst er s A rche ol o o S urre 8 Wh . 22 in gy f y , p but the import z ance of the earthwork does not appear to have been recogni ed .
I S E N . 4 . W L Y COMMO
” a 1 B or er 2 6 2 — mm M . 2 6 r m nn 6 . o W i er ma i p 7 d 5 f . rg n of
a m p .
I n Pa ri s h Of Wis l e . Soil :B a s ot B e s y g h d . E xa mi n ed a n d a n a r l r Situ a tion On t u a is e .
D es cripti on — A large circul ar earthwork consisting Of a mound placed on a raised platform . This appears to be a va ri a nt - f of the true bell barrow , di fering from the normal type in that no ditch is visible and the platform is raised about E E - SOM E S U RR Y B LL BARROWS .
- 4
4 - 4
6 2 E R REY E - SOM S U B LL BARROWS . O l north . n account of vague undu ations it is not possible to l state whether the ditch is annu ar or interrupted . The overall diameter (excluding slight suggestion Of outer 1 1 8 vallum) is 57 feet , the ditch is foot deep and feet wide , 1 and the berm 2 feet wide . The mound is 99 feet in diameter and 5 feet high . The mound has several depressions in the centre and a l arge one at th e side .
T 6 R E N E . . HO S LL COMMO ( AS )
” 6 Ma 1 N W p 7 -
Si tua ti on On l ow- l in r un y g g o d . I f r ll a n Pa r is h o o s e Soil B s ot B e s . H . g h d E a mi ne a n d P ot o ra e x d , h g ph d ,
s i ti o — e cr n A . D p fairly good example , covered with trees l i The mound has a arge cav ty in the centre , and an old country man who li ves near the barrow informed the writer that he G 6 dug the hole during the reat War . He dug about feet hi s i down , and found loose soil to the extent of digg ng . This barrow has a vague suggestion of outer vallum . The mound is 4 or 5 feet high and the ditch about 2 feet l Of a l deep . The overal diameter (excluding trace outer v l um) i s 12 8 80 feet , the diameter of the mound being feet , the berm 1 being 5 feet wide and the ditch 9 feet wide . Li tera ture
o rr III 1 A P er rn bu a i on S u e . . a l t . ubrey , f y , Vol , p 93
I I 1 2 . Vol . V , p . 5
V C H rre I 0 . S u . . . . . y , Vol V , p 4 5 h i r e o o S u e 2 0 W ms t e The A rch ol rr . . , gy f y , p 3
DE E RLE AP D 7 . WOO .
1 — mm rom W in n er ma r n Of ma ) 5 9 . f . gi 6 Ma O S ‘ p 3 3 mm r m S in n er ma r i n fm a o . o . f g p . Situ a ti on I n r a ther l ow - lyi n g groun d bet ween t h e North Down s a n d e t l l L i h Hi . I n a i f W t n oi l wer Greens a n P r s h O ot o S Lo . . d I s a Sc e u l e An c en t Mon u ment h d d i . E a mi n e a n d P ot o r a ed x d , h g ph ,
i — - es cr ti on A . D p very well preserved , large and fine example Al though situated in a wood it is not SO thickl y covered with
ll - h trees as most Of the S urrey be barrows . The ditc was prob PLATE X V
DE E RLE A P WOOD BE LL - B AR ROW
K E Y TO P HOTOGRA PH O F D E E RLE A P WOOD BA RROW
face p age 6 2
6 E E E - 4 SOM S U RR Y B LL BARROWS .
1 l 1 5 feet , and the width of the outer val um 5 feet . The overall 18 diameter is therefore about 0 feet . The mound is about 1 2 7 feet high , the ditch % to feet deep and the outer vallum 1 1 1 about to 5 feet in height . Li tera ture
H rre V . C . S u . I 0 y , Vol . V , p . 4 5 . Whims ter A rchwol o o S urre 2 0 , gy f y , p . 4 .
CON CL US I ON
From the above notes it is Observed that the typical Surrey
- bell barrow has a mound not very high for this class of barrow , a wide berm , definite ditch and generally an outer ringwork ri h a s or a suggestion th ereof . The w ter seen barrows of this l h ll Am genera type on Huis Hi , Botley Down and esbury D wn h a d o s in Wilts ire , n in the sandy areas of Berkshire between Newbury and Reading are about s ix possible bell h barrows on Brimpton and Mortimer Commons , whic resemble the Surrey group but do not appear to have outer rin gworks .
The bell - barrows on Huish Hill and Botley Down might al most be classed as intermediate between th e Bell and Disc S types , and the examples in the urrey group approach the
- Disc type more closely th an is usual in bell barrows . F or a few additional local ities of ordinary barrows on the h map the writer is indebted to Dr . W . Hooper . T anks are due r h h t e . G . G i h t o Mr . . Crawshaw for ass stance wit photog ap y
s N ote on E a rthworks a t Li ttl eworth Clui np .
- L Cl um S The alleged twin barrows at ittleworth p , described ’ F La sh a m s l H S e I 0 . V C . . urr . . in . y , Vol V , p 4 5 , and in artic e ] X I I 1 A h l VO S . . C in . (p . 53) of the are omitted from t is artic e because in the Opinion of the writer the entrenchments round these moun ds may be fairly recent and connected wi th tree
l l ma . p anting . The mounds themse ves y or may not be artificial ’ Y ROCQ UE S MAP OF S URRE . BY LF D OOP L D I I E L. W R H R, .
N his valuable Preface to the reproduction of Rocque ’ s L f R . O S S . . Map urrey , lately issued by the ociety , Mr A i i tkinson , follow ng the earl er authorities , states that the 1 6 t o map was published in 7 2 . This date appears have The B ea uti es o E n l a nd a nd Wa l es originated with f g , published 18 1 ri A in 3 , where the desc ption reads , Topographical Map of the County of S urrey in eight sheets on a scale of two inches 1 to a mile . By J ohn Rocque The map was produced in nine sheets , not eight , and this slight error is followed by a more serious one in regard to the date . The same year is repeated in the list of maps contained in the appendix to the ’ Hi s tor o S urre third volume of Manning and Bray s y f y , pub lish ed 1 8 1 w in 4 and , ith this respectable authority to support S it , came to be the commonly accepted date . Mr . harp quotes Hi s tori ca l Ca ta l o ue o S urre M a s it in his g f y p , published so h s as 1 2 . I a I recently 9 9 t never , so far as know , been expressly challenged ; yet the difficulty in accepting SO early a period di d not escape notice , and a number of dates , ranging from 1 6 2 1 n 7 4 to 775 , have been assig ed to the map by various modern writers who have had occasion to refer to it .
Mr . Thos . Chubb puts the date about The British Museum Map Catalogue gives the same year wi th a question E L . S mark , though Mr dward ynam , uperintendent of the
Map Room , informs me that as a result of correspondence that has recently passed between us he proposes to date the two A Museum copies of the Map provisionally . nother
I V Ol X I V 2 8 . , p . 9 . ’ 3 ea r r Ra l e a e e ti c A rch 1 764 a pp s in M . ph N vill s Old Cott g a nd D om s i e u e n Sou th Wes t Surre t ct r i . y , p 5 4 . 3 Pri n ted M a s i n the A tla s es o a B a a 8 Gre t rit in a nd I rel nd . . p f , p 44 6 5 ’ 6 6 E E ROCQU S MAP OF S URR Y . f E O . . . 1 0 estimate , which had the support Mr H Malden , is 77 1 or thereabouts . The latest attribution which I have seen is 1 G wr E 775 , and occurs in a uide to Haslemere itten by Mr . . W . S S ’ wanton , Curator of the Haslemere Museum , and the ociety s 2 local honorary secretary . S O remarkable a difference of opinion would be hard to l a ll exp ain were copies of the map alike , but complete Of uniformity among them is lacking . When a number original copies are examined and compared it is found that at least three different impressions or editions were issued , each distinguishable from the others by progressive variations , largely in the way of additions that appeared in the later i a a e di t ons . The S me plate was used throughout but was altered on two occasions preparatory to the issue of fresh Of impressions . The year publication was no doubt purposely omitted with the Obj ect of revising the map from time to l time , SO far as the plate wou d permit of revision , and issuing further impressions when the demand arose . The problem of the date is therefore a complex one involving Of i s a threefold inquiry . To fix the date any copy it first necessary to determine to which edition it belongs . The year 1762 1S ruled out at once by the dedication to the G E Duke of loucester and dinburgh . The only apparent R 4 reason for selecting it was that ocque died in that year . l s on F Wil iam Henry, of rederick Prince of Wales , and brother Of G I II 1 th eorge , was not raised to the dukedom until 9 1 6 l th e November , 7 4 , a fact which re egates publication to the l end of that year or ater .
There are two other constant data , which are marked on
‘ a ll L the copies known to me , these being eith Hill Tower and S 1 66 tockwell Episcopal Chapel . The tower was erected in 7 h according to Manning and Bray , and t is agrees with the stone inscription which appears on the west face of the lower stage
1 i tor o Su re 1 8 s r . . H y f y , p 3 3 ’ e i e e i a n Dis trict 2 n d c d . The R a mbl r s Gu d to Ha s lemer H ndhead d , , , 8 1 1 pp ‘ 4 3 » 9 ! 3 ° 3 S e e Ta l e t en b a d . ’ l S oc H e e 2 a n u a r 1 6 2 Mu s ra e s O t u a r a r . . di d 7 J y , 7 g v bi y (H Th e Ca t e rha m Urba n Dis t rict Co un c il po s s es s e s a c opy da t e d 1 76 2 a a n s t t h e m rint b u t i t i s c l ea r on e a m n a t on t a t t h e ea r h a s g i i p , x i i h y een ns ert e b a n s u s e u en l b i d y h d b q t y .
’ 6 8 E EY ROCQ U S MAP OF SURR . did not as yet possess any residential connection with the county . The first edition , then , could not have appeared 1 6 I l earlier than 7 7 , and conc ude that it came out probably 1 68 in 7 . S ’ l The ociety s copy be ongs to the first edition , and this 1 z gives the reproduction additional interest . It is characteri ed by the paucity of names of own ers and residents as compared E with later editions . ight only are marked , these being confined to the second , third , fifth and Sixth sections . This feature was greatly extended in the subsequent editions . The second edition , to which the copy at the Croydon Public L l ibrary be ongs , Shows the names of owners or occupiers of all estates in parts of the county , except the extreme south l 2 h . west , thoug most numerous y in the fourth and fifth sections A l l t first sight these names Shou d , it might be supposed , supp y a key to the chronology , but on examination it soon becomes I evi dent that taken indiscriminately they are misleading . n the first place names were in some instances retained after the estates had been given up by those to whom they were L B ull enb rook F 2n d ascribed . ord ( rederick , Viscount or a ll Bolingbroke) , f example , appears at Battersea on editions , though he parted with the manor of Battersea as early as In other cases the connections Often continued until too late to supply any but a general clue to the period of the
' Of map . This class evidence is in fact only valuable for our purpose in those cases— c omparatively few— where the parties designated are known to have acquired the s eats at a date later than , or at least as late as , that which can be fixed by A i other internal evidence . pply ng this principle , the only I h L useful name can find is t at of ord Clive at Claremont , or E Cl a remount . A as it appears on the map , Park , sher t the date suggested above for the first edi tl on the Duke of New 1 68 castle was the owner . He died in November 7 , and in the L l following year ord C ive , the first Baron , purchased the estate l a from the Duchess , and employed Capability Brown to y out the grounds and erect the huge mansion , which remained A l 1 6 unfinished at his death . date ear ier than 7 9 is thus
1 e t on s Th e B rit is h Mus eum copies bel on g t o th e fir s t a n d t hi rd di i . 3 Th e Min et Li ra r Ca m erwell a l s o o s s es s es a c o . b y , b , p py a Ta l r Ou L ad o B a ters e . 2 . G . o r J . y , y f y , p 9 ’ E E 6 ROCQU S MAP OF SU RR Y . 9
s o 1 0 precluded , that 77 may be taken as the approximate year of publication of this edition . The third edition contain s many alterations and a few additions to names of residents , with some corrections of the al topographical nomenclature . The alterations supply v uable I chronologi cal clues in at least four instances . n the fifth
L : . section Mr . ock is entered at Norbury Park he was Wm L F ock , the friend of anny Burney , who purchased the Park 1 I in 774 . n the eighth section Miss Tucker appears against Sh e Bechworth . A Castle was the daughter of braham Tucker , 1 the Philosopher , who owned the Castle , and died 774 . Mr . Th a mp s on is put under Leith Hill Place thi s must stand for Mr . Harry Thompson who purchased this property
A G i r Bt . S . in t atton the name of Wm Mayne , , who 1 S i r G purchased the estate in 774 , takes the place of eorge l Colebrooke . We are not , however , in this edition ob iged to l rely on the names a one . Two new bridges now appear in the i Ri th rd section spanning the Thames at Battersea and chmond . 1 1— 2 Battersea Bridge , the early wooden one , was built 77 7 , while Richmond Bridge was commenced in 1774 and com l ete d O p n the other hand , Titsey Church , which was pull ed down and rebuilt outside the Park in 1775 and the following year , is Shown on its original Site within the Park , as 3 I 1 in the earlier editions . think therefore 775 may safely l be adopted as the approximate date of pub ication . Judging by the number of copies of this edition extant , it was more popular than either of the preceding editions , and probably several issues were called for . I li t has been objected that the date of pub cation , though l l a proper subject of historica inquiry , has little practica value i when ascerta ned , Since the actual survey of this as of other early maps must have preceded the publication by an interval of unknown duration that possibly ran to several years , in the course of which the topography of various parts of the county ma may have undergone material changes . This objection y deserve some consideration in respect of the later editions ,
1 V C H u I V . . . S rre . a n d 0 y , , p 9 , III , p . 5 4 . 3 S a n d B . l o M . A . . c i 1 O H . a n b ut s ee V . d , III , p p , p v , . III , p 5 7 2 n . 5 . 3 V C H u rre I V . S . . y , , p . 333 . ’ 0 E E 7 ROCQU S MAP OF SU RR Y . l particu arly the third , but further detailed study is necessary h ow to test far it is j ustified as regards the first . Topo graphical details were not , it seems , revised in the later editions roads and fields for example , remained unaltered , and apart from the indicati on of the two bridges I have not detected any A h . S changes under this ead regards the first edition , my i s own impression that this criticism , if treated as a charge of serious and widespread obsolescence , is invalid . There is first the titl e stating that the map had been completed by A ndrews , the engraver , and that completion included revision is shown by the appearance of features like Leith Hill Tower S ll l and tockwe Chape , which did not come into existence until ’ w R . as after ocque s death Moreover , if the map already h obsolescent w en it appeared , the landed class , on which its l z commercial success depended , wou d scarcely have patroni ed it to the extent of three editions .
A ll . Mr . tkinson calls attention to the erratic spe ing Illus t ra ti ons l of this abound , principal y in the middle and lower
. R A sections The fact that ocque , and probably ndrews , were n foreig ers , and their unfamiliarity with the names outside R ’ L the area which had been covered by ocque s Map of ondon , 1 may partly account for these vagaries . They seem also to have copied a good proportion of their errors from Bowen ’ s ll map . Most of the novel spellings are misspe ings , the result of mere blunders or of attempts to reproduce local pronunci l l l ation . The map has consequent y ittle va ue for the student
l - h of p ace names , except SO far as it can be c ecked by other sources . To cite a few examples Hooley (Coulsdon) appears l L L Denb i es as Who ey and Wolley , eigh as eith , (Dorking) as Din b Lowfield L g y , Heath (near Horley) as ovel Heath , Horsell Hoswell Brockh am ll Buch am ll dl as , Hi as Hi , Hea ey Common a s E l G l d en Common , anders Hole (Reigate) as Canters Ho e , S Wa lli swood (Ockley) as Walli stiwood . ome of these howl ers were corrected in the subsequent editions . On the other
- n hand , some odd looking forms such as Marti (Merton) , Meroe
1 R oc ue ro uce two ma s of Lon on ot or ina ll a t e 1 6 . q p d d p d , b h ig y d d 74 Th fir s t wa s s l e A Pl a n of t h e Cit ies of Lo n on a n d Wes t mi n s t er e ty d d , a n d B orough of Southwa rk t h e s econ d A n e xa ct s urvey of ’ t h e City s o f Lo n don Wes tmins t er y e B orou gh of Sou th wa rk a n d t h e c ount r n ea r t e n m l es roun re e r o f cours e t o t h e s econ y i d I f , , d 1 6 an othe r e dition of t his wa s publis hed b y hi s widow i n 7 3 .
’ E 7 2 ROCQU E S MAP OF S URR Y . The names of the hundreds are not always evenly spaced over those areas ; and in two cases (COp th orne and Tand ridge) the initial letters C and H run into the adj oining divisions , implying that the boundaries were inserted after the lettering . Names of farms and other features are occasionally misplaced a conspicuous illustration of this occurs in the eighth section o I F of the first editi n where ronmonger arm , j ust over the county border , is attributed to the wrong property , the error I being subsequently corrected by a long arrow mark . n defining the hundreds Rocque appears to have followed once again the lead of Bowen , who in turn followed his predecessors , l h . wit some unfortunate resu ts Thus Burstow Parish , though in Reigate Hundred , is included partly in that but mainly in the adj oining hundred of Tandridge whil e Banstead is Co th orne similarly severed between p Hundred , to which it H h belonged , and Croydon undred . Part of Betc worth , D properly in Reigate , is placed in orking Hundred . The
- omission on the part of these earli er . map makers to show parish boundaries deprived them of a valuable check on the contours of the larger divisions , and mistakes were perpetuated by copying one from the other without verification . a i The map was not designed for arch eolog cal purposes . It fails to designate antiquities . Prehistoric earthworks , such as camps and barrows , are almost entirely omitted , the only exceptions I have found being three barrows apparently those E n d on West Common , Chobham , which are styled 3 bur ” S l S rows ( ection while 3 borrow hil s , figured in ection 1 2 l . , are suggestive of tumu i The same remark holds good of m edimval r antiquities , apa t from buildings such as churches i l Th und ers field old . and houses that were st l in use Castle , l a moated stronghold of the de Clares in the Wea d near Horley , is Shown in the strange guise of a conical tree - topped mound styled Horn Castle . Nevertheless , the map is of value to the arch aeologist for the light it throws on various aspects of local history and topography . To mention a few examples l l E Common fie ds are traceab e at gham , Battersea , Wands
1 Th e n a m e Thre e B a rrows a ppea rs in Chert s ey Abbey Cha rt er s
- o f re Co n ues t a t e a s Th re m B ur e n t h e s t e o f which Mr . Bo nn e r p q d g , i t n k s i s e n t fi e b B a rrow ll s a ro ert ma rke on th e hi id i d y Hi , p p y d
s he e t . ’ ROCQU E S MAP OF SURREY . 73
A L . worth , shtead , eatherhead , and Bookham The extensive E l commons that were then attached to Croydon , Horley , wel , F Esher and etcham , and were enclosed wholly or partly
- n within the next half century , are show , with many another common and green of which the name alone survives . Bygone industries are recalled by iron mills Shown at Abinger Hammer S and Thursley , with two more ( hotover and Pop Hole) on the county border near Haslemere : copper mills at Wimbledon hi n S Ea s . and Merton , and a paper mill at g ome valuable ’ light is cast on old roads ; sections of the Pilgr ims Way now R a nmer disused are Shown , though not , of course , as such , below Ra nmore ( ) Common and through Titsey Park , and the road through Albury is shown turning up by the old Church . West S S heen is marked ( ection 3 ) with the lanes approaching it , and G III the road , extinguished by eorge , that formerly separated 1 the Riverside Parks at Richmond .
In correcting others it is easy to go wrong oneself . Copies h of the map are by no means abundant , and the number whic
I have been able to examine is comparatively small . It is I possible , though think improbable , that another edition was I I issued , which has escaped my notice . f so , hope that this note will lead to its disclosure , though in that case some of my conclusions may need to be modified .
Thanks are due to several correspondents , including Mr . A r tkinson , for assistance in this inquiry , and also to va ious owners of maps who have kindly lent or allowed me to examine their copies , and to Mr . Bonner for examining his copy on my
l . behalf and making severa useful suggestions To my brother ,
. A I Mr . P . Hooper , am indebted for constant help in many i ways , w thout which much of the necessary investigation could not have been carried out in the time at my disposal . His services included the compilation of a complete list of the differences between the three editions from which the Table has been drawn up . The following Table sets out in parallel columns examples of some of the differences , consisting of omissions , alterations n l l and additions of ames , whether persona or ocal , that occur th e in three editions of the map . By means of this the edition ff of any copy may be readily identified , and copies of di erent
1 S ee S A V l X X X V a nd 10 0 . C o . . . . II , pp 9 9 ’ E EY 74 ROCQU S MAP OF S U RR .
editions compared and contrasted . The words not marked where they appear against the name of a property or feature denote the omission of that name in the edition to which the column relates . The words not named against a personal or nobiliary name denote that that name is similarly omitted .
AS Col A Col . 2 The terms in . s in , denote that the entry in the preceding column under the first or second edi tion AS is repeated without alteration in the succeeding edition . already mentioned , the third edition is identifiable by the fact that Battersea and Richmond Bridges appear therein for the first time .
E E ROCQU S MAP OF SU RR Y .
. . x O o n o c . q o w o
. m m E x l u . E z l m l m . o d G s O U d l g a o m c . B / m o a s O m l c l t o E . A . u m o d Q l H o o m fi > fi fi t c « 9 m w m O w o u E u o . . c . . a ms s A 5 O fl u N w m N N s a O 2 2 fi Q o x B x E En E E 0 9 u c E 9 E o B c m o o o m m 5 5 u 9 O 3 c O m m 4 4 . z fl O m w mH . < 4 3
. E t o o 6 o . m m c . m E s 8 . m w . . 8 m O w 3 2 5 a E w O m 9 8 e E d 2 m w 5 8 . a . z . 3 r O o 2 m 4 e m s o 4 fi t . 9 E m o a 0 E o h c a O n . e 8 . m mO O m O A o E m 4 . O l m E O C O i O l l w d O o O A l d O u d l o n M t e i l l o Ew w H l l l d d . . n h fi I d H m s v i o I t t w S t fl e d E Em o o s E w mfi E fl E e 9 O a m m u s N m S A H a o o A 8 o . m . m E C . . . . . c a £ . “ H H fl H H H Q H H m H m H $ o 9 3 o E 6 O “ z O m m 6 g p 5 n 9 o E 5 u H E Ex H E E E E E E c s m E c m u 9 3 8 w m O 5 O m m m w w a w m m 9 p o 9 fl m m 4 m m 4 4 < m G < . 4 Z . 4 < < 2. o m 4 .
O Z
8 O . fi 9 c o S o 5 . x c 6 e . O u . . c s 9 . 8 5 O E a fi I o 3 . fi O 8 5 9 8 E o . E m fi 9 a o z 8 3 c w 5 9 e I “ 8 c c q a O E 8 O 5 l m n 5 O O “ q O O 3 d z S z S Z O O fi 8 Z o l I E Z i c l . 8 u l E Z u m l I o fi d O Q c l u . G o l fi m o 9 E S S fi E m E o a e s B E a a c E u m — B fi mn o 8 O w 3 a t a E wm u o a E n E m e mo Q m 2 o o 8 E 3 O m g O fl m 5 m A 2 6 0 E b fl o o m a 9 o G 8 E p E 2 x $ n 5 c U 3 o O 3 « 8 9 8 o R a 5 m v c u E m o d 5 ” 8 a o 8 m O 2 s 5 — fi x H E m m m H 2 Q m m m moE o : mo ’ E ROCQU E S MAP OF SURR Y . 77
S o . . fi I a
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. . a E . . O O O O O S m E E . E s E u E I o E e E O E u O O m e m M o H E a mE . « m m o o . . E . . m u u . 9 mfi N u u u E o m w 3 w 2 q w E E 5 o o o E E E E 5 m t w h n 9 E m m m S 8 0 o mm4 4 0 . nO 4 4 4 H q
. S B a 6 . o . m m E z b m o . s c fi . f v o O m m m wt E m . . m fi m m E E o 8 E o o . K . o E E m§ ? E o o E h E u O E I O o . m l fi O U E u m o sE d E . O I o E mE . m E fi O 3 e 8 o m m I S l E a o m S O E t s w l o E A o o E o O o a E E EE w l I m u E m l O fi m a m m u o d H mE m s o m O w . w . . a . c m . . . H e H H . H E H H H c . e w “ m E z O w o E fi o w c 8 R o O n fl R w fi E £ c w e E E o E C E E E Efi u n w o E w e m E A w m m s m - ES 8 m m m e B n < f1<1< 4 4 mD 4 mg Q w 4 4 4 4 wz m mfi
m
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. G E O . o R a E A . E O O w E m m E EZ : z E O u . w O O o l m fi a Z z o E . m é . m m o l l EE c E w d B m O E 8 M a s 8 Z 2 . v a o 3 m o fi mm 8 l m . q u a m2 d m m 5 R m fi ” E mE 9 m E E k 8 a n 9 E 5 E o b 3 E fi 3 0 H w u wE 8 O fi L o C n ? m3 H m A U fl EXCAVATI O S AT AS COMB E CAMP N H , GODALMI G N .
a — l 1 j m J u y 93 1 .
BY E 8 . . WI NBOLT .
I ntrod u ctor y .
N Ap ril 1 93 1 a generous offer wa s made to me b y Lord n sl our Pres en fin n e e ns H s b e O ow , id t , to a c xcavatio at a com C s o a n e b e e on th e l nes of th e amp , that att mpt might mad , i wo k H l b u i n 1 0 i t s u n Mr C e . . r at o m ry amp 93 , t o dat occ patio s e n of P H in dl ns en e a n d th e Jo ph Godma , ark atch , k y co t d , e s s n o H M ffi e of rks wa s b ne th e C . W p rmi io f . O c o o tai d , amp b e n s e ul a s ub l nu n I s e ure ree i g ch d ed a p ic mo me t . c d th e ll en — B r H b A e of s W . a o s e . S e e A . f xc t digg r mham a com , t mp
B r ml d olv n of Fi sh rs a t — Wh o l e s f n e a n . C e e e a y , G g , whi hi ti g
ns of s o l k l k - th n o i en to i ept a keen oo out for e mi u tia f ev d ce . ” I n ll s s w n n W K n a e e e e e . . . ca w t dow to d ad arth Mr i g , of Ab n e H er n a s H l b u l en us eful i g r amm , agai , at o m ry ; t two u s th s u s n o e of Lox un e e e f . . C h t , which , d r p rvi io Mr J oop r , H ll e e b u b l th e Whi te H07 3 6 ule u th e i , w r ro ght y orry to , ha d p s ee a nd r u n s l e of th e ll b s u f s es t p o gh orth op hi y two to t arm hor , a nd e e e T e e a n b s l u e n e es s in s out - oi r ct d . h y wer a o t c ity thi th e - l e u on th e l e we s u e e way p ac , tho gh who had ch good w ath r that th e men did n ot l os e a quart er of a n hour i n th e whol e f u ee s Th e s e i s er r n b en— u of o r w k . it ov g ow with rack m ch it fee — a nd b b l es th e le n of wa s n o 7 t high ram , c ari g which
H . C. n ns e b l e of our I e n . i co id ra part work . hav to tha k Mr
Cardew - Rendl e of Godalming for faithful as s is tan ce from b e n n n t o end of th e a nd n ot l e s for s gi i g dig , a t photograph ll us n s l Th e wa s ns e e b L i trati g thi artic e . work i p ct d y ord nsl a nd t of S u e Arch a ol o i cal S e O ow , a par y the rr y g oci ty , 7 8
E C T O N S A T H S CO M BE C M P O D L N X AVA I A A , G A MI G .
t h e e l d u f th e f s se u s e Th e en n with mat ria g rom o o t id it . tra ce i s th e n of th e l e of i s s e n e u n ll u to orth midd th id , i t rr pti g va m and f s se s o a s e i n on l e el th n e r o t o com a v with e i t rio area . It i s u e on e e s e b b n k n ow l l e e n fee g ard d ith r id y a a , itt mor tha 3 t
a n d i s b u 12 f i A u r - ee e . b fee n e s high , a o t t w d o t t o th a t of th e en n e on th e s e e i s Tel e r H ll n ow ell tra c , am ridg , g aph i , w ’ ee b ut en le i n e rl e es ir b l s ui e for tr d , wh c ar a i r tim adm a y t d a
s n l s n e th e We l . b l e of nsm n ig a tatio ov r a d , capa tra itti g a ess e d e H l b u a n d An s ti b ur fur s m ag ir ct t o o m ry to e y th er ea t . F r om 1 796 to 1 82 0 th ere was h ere a s ign al lin g s tation worked on t h e b l k - a n d - hi e s u e s s e un in i ac w t h tt r y t m , comm icat g w th
l k n s u - e s a n d Be l e H - T s B ac dow ( o th w t) x y eath (n orth e as t) . hi b e en e e e b b e n l l e l e on th e s u sl e had pr c d d y a aco a itt ow r o th op , u b l in El b e n s pres ma y iza tha tim e . Of th e three camps whi ch s eem to have form ed a relat e d An s ti eb u h as th e l r 1 1 r a n d r es e e . es trio , y arg t ac ag (c % ac ) , r s H Has comb e th e s mall es t (c . 5 % ac e ) olrnb ury i s m edial b oth 8 r i n o s n a n d e en . es b ut r s es th e i es of th e p itio xt t (c ac ) , i h gh t Th e s u H s three (85 7 feet) . o th vi ew from a comb e Camp over th e We l i s e fin e m n n th e S u n s fr es a d v ry , co ma di g o th Dow om w t l rk t h u urn of Arunde Pa to e O se gap at Lewes a n d Moun t Cab . A s moke s ign al from s u ch prehi s toric s ettl emen t s a s those on W ols t anb ury a n d Ch a n ct onb ury coul d b e e as il y s een on H s b e on s s of th e e r a n d e e e i n ll a com mo t day y a , , mor xc pt o a y ,
' u n Th e L n ll e F rn ma n d Crooks b ur on th e Cab r . o g Va y at a ha y s n u b oldl th e n - es a n d n e rl th e l e l en t ta d p y to orth w t , a y who g h ’ of th e Hog s Back a n d th e Nort h Down s to n ear Ra nm ore a re s b l T n Has b e C e e a re few b e e pl ai nl y vi i e . ha com amp th r tt r e xampl es of th e hi gh l on g - vi ewed places on s an d or chalk
- aff ect ed b y Ne oli thi c a n d I ron Age pe opl es for th eir villages . l At res en th e n e s W e fail ed to l ocat e a n ear wat er s up p y . p t are t
i s b ou u e - l e n th e n - e s s l e a n kn own a t a q art r mi dow orth a t op , un f l n o l n ot on l es n ot r out n i n ai i g p o , c ay (which do c op orth th e Has comb e vall ey ; though on th e s outh s ide th e j un cture of l a n d s n i s b ou 00 fee b el th e h ll - b ut c ay a d a t 3 t ow i top) , apparen tly force d up through th e sa n d b y n atural press ure . Th e b se n e of e fr th e i n er e er i s n ot e ll a c wat r om t ior , how v , r a y H k s in s out er di s urb in f for a s . C. e a v y t g actor , , Mr aw po t A nti ui t r i n s u c m s e ul s e es e e ( q y , Ma ch ch a p r g ar i g w r l ai nl un e of a nd n r ll e e ul b e l l e p y dream d , o ma y th r wo d itt BE M P O D LM N . 8 1 EXCAVATI O N S AT HAS COM CA , G A I G
A l l n difficul ty i n fetching wat er from outs ide . itt e way dow
— h - es s l e us b el th e 00 fee n u l ne t e n orth w t op , j t ow 5 t co to r i , a
- a s un i n 1 880 b ut i t s e i s not flin t arrow he ad w fo d , charact r r r T ee e s l e wa s f un n s e on th e e co ded . hr y ar at r o d a fli t crap r
u s l e b el th e oo- fee n u an d n b en s o th op , ow 3 t co to r, ma y rok s ll b e f un e e s u es n e e e flint s may ti o d th r , gg ti g that th r may hav r us b el th e s n a s e e wa s i n b een a flin t facto y j t ow a d , th r a pre cis ely s imilar s ituation at Be dh a m which faces Has comb e l I n th e s s es s n of on th e oth er (s outh) s ide of th e We a d . po io s e n i s ll e n of e flint s f un i n Mr . Jo ph Godma a co ctio work d o d
e b u of th e — - e s b l e f th e ne ar n igh o rhood camp arrow h ad , oth a a rb e a nd n e ?B n e A e a nd s haped nd b a d ta g d ( ro z g ) , l n e s n b l b e s su e t other flin t imp eme t s . It may r a o a y a m d hat there wa s s ome s ettl emen t of ?Ne olithic a nd l at er fli nt - us ing
l u - l n l w n Aus en i s e e t o e L e . C e peop e . i t o o God i t r port d hav f un un e n ebbl es s u a s we f un e e i n n o d ro d d fli t p , ch o d , ith r or ear h t e camp . Th e arch aeol ogical l ore ab out Has comb e Camp I foun d very
' Aub e es b ef ss n efe en e limit ed . r y mak a ri pa i g r r c to it M o B ri t Th e S ur e A ae l l S e n . . ( , iii , r y rch o ogica oci ty
s e th e l e on 2 ul 18 I X . vi it d p ac 3 J y , 95 XI II , ) No n of a n s s s e s i s ec e e xcavatio y ort , y t matic or poradic , r ord d . F n L s s e no I n 1 895 Mr . ra k a ham XII) tat d that i n th e I n ol n V . excavation s have e ver b ee made camp . XI II 18 6 R e ll i s e t e e n e th e n n ( 9 ) Mr . . N vi r por d to hav adva c d opi io th e i s of R n r n a s i s u d n ul i n that camp oma o igi , it q a ra g ar f a n d es f th e e rl es er of th e R n on orm , dat rom a i t p iod oma oc i n a n Mr ll S e ns n u l e s far e e . p a t o d . Mi t ph o p t it at a at r dat r n o l r un f r s e Th e e s eem to have b ee n rea g o ds o either s urmi . Of th e two an gl es made b y th e wes t erly returns from th e n orth e s s e on th e n i s r ll n le a t id , that orth p actica y a right a g , that on th e s outh i s s lightly ob t us e th ere a re n o oth er an gl es at ll ut s of u Th r ll re a b e es es . e e s a re , a ri c rv arthwo k typica y p R n of th e l e E rl n A e a n d we f un not es oma at a y Iro g , o d a v tige of n t n R n of l f r l s a y hi g oma or a at er a ge . Wide o th e ma k a o wa s th e authoritative pron ouncemen t i n A S chedul e of the i ui i es i n S urre b Ant t P . M ns ll H R . . E . ne e q y ( y Joh to , N vi , . “ M l en a n d ers H s b e i s e l a d oth , that a com a good N o ithic ” h a s n ne of th e a s s o Camp . It o ch ract eri tic n w kn own to mark th e l c c s b een n es e Th e nl Neo ithi amp that have i v tigat d . o y G E C T O N S AT H S C O BE C M P O D LM N X AVA I A M A , G A I G .
e ll e nen e rk can find re r e i s of Mr L s r a y p rti t r ma I co d d that . a ham th H s vi z . e b e ul XI I , that camp at a com wo d s u el s e n s n r y repay om i ve tigatio . Th e diffi cul ties of maki ng a s tart s oon reve al e d th ems elves a n d e s e l n th e s e h a s n ot b een l e b ef e p rhap xp ai why it tack d or . ’ i s b h a nd e e e e b fift een - nu es lk It oth igh r mot , r ach d y a mi t wa u s ff sl e f th e n e es th e White Hors e p a ti op rom ar t road at , H s b e Of th e di e s one nl wa s l l one b e a com . gg r , o y oca , had to l e i n th e ne b ur a n d on f B l e e e . odg d igh o hood , cam rom ram y Pers n ll a n d fro f H rs fif een l es o a y I had to go to rom o ham , t mi e e a n d u l e r n k b e ne away , v ry day ; m ch c a i g wor had to do b ef ul s e s ore we co d e Wh ere to tart .
d em A R .
Has comb e proved to b e a compan ion camp to Holmb ury (s ee 2 1 6 s e es e b l n e XXXVI II , pt . , pp . 5 q ) , r m i g it v ry l s el i n th e e en e u e a n d b e n en en l c o y vid c it prod c d , it may co v i t y e e un e th e s e e i n s th e e r s tr at d d r am h ad g (i) arthwo k , (ii) en es an d l es d u a n d th e e en e e i el e iii th e tr ch ho g , vid c th y y d d , ( ) s e dm n a n d i n th e uil f r fin ds (now wi th Mr . Jo ph Go a G d o d
us eu a nd iv H s b e i n s l s e n . M m) , ( ) a com hi torica tti g
THE E RTHWORKS (i) A (Fig . Th e eas i es t way to get a n otion of th e s ize a nd s hape of th e i s al un th e e e f 1 0 fee camp to w k ro d t rrac path , rom 5 to 3 t l h l l Th e e e s o e s u e a nd l n b e ow t e camp eve . p riph ry m a r d a o g th e n r - e s f s s e i s b u 80 s the n n e o th a t o a o t 7 yard , co tai d area s n b u s Th r i s f rl l l e . e e e e compri i g a o t 5 2 acr a a ai y v , with a sl en n f s u n t b ut th e s u - es end ight tr d dow rom o th to or h , o th w t l 6 f s es un e ll a n e e n of ee . ri to a ro d d hi ock , with vatio 45 t
Th e defen ce of th e n orth - eas t en d con s is t s of a very slight e xt erior b ack (prob ab ly l evell ed down a s el s ewh ere) a n d a deep fos s e cut down thr ough the s an ds ton e rock i n a s eries of s t eps to 9 feet b elow th e origi n al l evel a n d 2 1 fee s s th e ns e s th e llu wa s l e on t acro top . I id thi va m pi d a b se 1 fee W e n ow fee 8 n es b b l l e s a 4 t id , 4 t i ch high , pro a y at a t 6 feet a s origi n ally made a nd s urmoun t e d with a wooden s tock
d - l f l fin Th u s n a e th e s es o we f e d . e , po t ho which ai d to fl id a d of th e 1 2 fee h a s s l e n on e e s e e e top % or t i t d dow ith r id mor ov r, r oots of b racken an d t rees b lacken th e s ub s oil s o mu ch a s to
8 E C T O N S AT H S C O BE C P O D LM N 4 X AVA I A M AM , G A I G . vivin s us es en n f s s e fee ee l b e g thi , it m t d c d i to a o 5 t d p , c am r out of s a nd u 1 — 0 fee of th e ne s ee sl e an d n ll thi p 5 3 t xt t p op , fi a y e t h e nn e b n w it s s k e b ef e s e n f ns e ov r i r a k ith toc ad , or tti g oot i id t h e The l e s s e wa s er f b l e camp . who y t m a v y ormida pro
s n At s u end of th e n - e s s nn e po itio . the o th orth a t ide the i r b n f s s e a n d u e b n e n ow b een l s on th e s ee a k , o o t r a k hav o t t p s u sl e b b l d e l s e m Th e o th op , pro a y mo i h d to ad it a pathway . e es l en of th e e i s 8 0 fee e s s a nd gr at t gth camp ar a c . 4 t a t to we t , i t s gr eat es t width over th e high groun d at th e s outh - wes t end 00 f e Th e of f s s e n e l e b th e e e e . n c . 5 t provi g a o co c a d y t rrac
F u’s e n t
FI — S E TI N THR H N W EFE E R E T TED G . G D N C U . . C S R . 2 . O O CON S UC walk goes to confirm what I s us pect ed b ut had n ot time to H l f n e e th e s u s r l b u wa s s m l e e . prov , that o th ca p at o m ry i i ar y d d d Pos s ib l e Celtic ways dow n from th e camp were (i) n orth
‘ e s u n n e s e n s o n th e We l i n th e a t , t r i g a t , to Nor Farm , a d i to a d o f n direction f Cranl eigh a n d Holmb ury ; (ii) No . i orki g towards th e Guildford gap at Pe as mars h a n d s o to th e an cien t e as t - to - wes t route al ong th e North , Down s ; (iii) down the s u sl e es of P H s uns f l iv o th op , w t ark atch , toward D o d ; ( ) n - es n H s b all e orth w t i to the a com e v y .
T r E A N D (ii) HE DIGGI N G o TRE N CH S HOLE S .
A T u - s ll u a nd s s 12 s s u - e s . n e f e hro gh orth a t va m o , yard o th a t of l l l n th e all u en n e i n en 62 f e e . I tra c , gth eet v (Fig v m what b een th l l l l n s out u e l e l had e origin a eve b efore pi i g tood q it c ar y , E C T O N S AT H SC O BE C P O D L N . 8 X AVA I A M AM , G A MI G 5 b eing of a whit er a s con tras t ed with th e yell ower s an d ab ove I n th e l e of th e llu th e n l l e el s es 1 f it . midd va m origi a v ri oot u l ne a n d th e e of th e l n b e 6 inch es ab ove dat m i , h ight pi i g a ov i s f 8 n s Th e b s h ll um a s n ow i s ee . e i . e t e it , . va it , 4 t i che a Th e f s s e ll s b 8 s e s measures 4 1 fee t through . o wa drop y t p to a flat trough or gull e y 1 foot 3 in ches to 1 foot 6 in ches wi de f w n s ee T s e of h b a nd e e . f e at t e ottom , a i ch d p hi carri d wat r r 1 On th e e s s al ong th e s lope from s outh to n o th . e oth r ( a t) ide s l i n 6 s s Th e u n of th e fos s e wall ris es more teep y tep . c tti g s me l th e us e of s n n l s s u ch a fos s e appear to to imp y tro g iro too . Th e pres en t top of th e fos s e i s only 1 foot 8 in ch es b el ow th e l l u l e b ut i ts b a s n ll cut wa s feet eve dat m in , ottom origi a y 9 Th e s e e s of La Tene e e e f un i n b el ow it . fir t pi c I II pott ry w r o d al lu e l on th e r n l l e el a nd e e es th e v m xact y o igi a v , oth r pi c i n th e f s s C flints e f un 4 fee t 6 in ches down o e . hipped w re o d
Da tum
— - — H R U H N E D S A . FI R E TI N T . ALL F E C . V U M A N S G . C S S S G . 3 O O O O s e e b u u u th e ll u es u b l catt r d a o t thro gho t va m , pr ma y thrown r h i n l su f Th e e i s b up with it f om t e orig a r ace . pott ry eyon d f E I A a n d th a s s e fli nt s of th e s t ub o . . e e e do t ociat d am da . At 2 fee 8 n es b e th e f s s e b wa s b u n l e t i ch a ov o ottom a r t ay r , 1 f i ns s n of l s es a nd f en s oot th ck , co i ti g charcoa , wood a h , ragm t Th e f s s e s l e u h b i s ones e of pottery . o had i t d p wit g t to a h ight of 2 feet 8 in ches b efore th e b urnt mat erial had b een thrown out over th e vall um i n this part of the fos s e there were no n s of b s b s Th e t o fee 8 n es s ig dé ri a ove thi . p 4 t i ch we may e n a s th e of b u ea s s l n b e o n r cko work a o t y r , the i ti g c mi g sl ower and s l ower a s b anks wore down and th e foss e floor b e e l e el a nd a s b h b e ss - n Th came mor v , ot came gra grow . e al l u wa s e b bl f e u h n n ot s cu el v m v ry pro a y ac d , tho g I thi k e r y, b i s n s n f the f s s e l e t n of h ch with g to e take rom o , a arg propor io w i had roll ed down into th e fos s e thos e that were l eft on th e b n we u i n s ec ns A nd C a k had to dig thro gh tio a .
’ 1 C m are th e c ann e in th e d c N o f Ha d r a n s W a o p h l it h . i ll . 8 6 E C T O N S AT H S CO BE C P O D L N X AVA I A M AM , G A MI G .
B b e un 1 0 fee s u - e s of A i e of s , g t o th a t , with a V w earchin g th e b of th e f s s e for l en t wa s l ou for ottom o a good g h , aid t 1 0 fee 6 fe e 6 n es e for th e s 8 fee a n d fee 5 t , t i ch wid fir t 3 t , 7 t 6 n es e for th e e n e Th e l e wa s u i ch wid r mai d r . who d g for s e e l fe n f th e b ut th e b for 2 f v ra et dow rom top , to ottom 5 ee t
nl f th e n - es end I n s s e th e o y rom orth w t . thi tr tch average e of th e b f th e es en wa s 6 fee 6 n s d pth ottom rom pr t top t i ch e .
At 3 8 feet from th e n orth - wes t end anoth er s ection C wa s d u r s s ll u a n d f s s e a n d wa s i n s a n d for s g ac o va m o , it thi ome feet s outh of it at 1 % fee t from th e b ottom that we foun d con s id erab l e e ns of l e s s of La Ten e e r mai at a t two pot I I I dat . ub b en en n e e s ll fu e No do t rok wh throw away , th y w re ti rth r f u e b f ll n s n es b e een th e e es e e ract r d y a i g to , tw which pi c w r f un e W e e e n - u s e s on a e . e o d w dg d ith th m w r two ha d cr h r , b i n u l n th e e s e out of d r - b wn g at ra fli t , oth r hap d har da k ro r At f n on t h s s i ons ton e . 3 eet dow e we t or camp ide of th e s l o e of C wa s n e l l e n s aw an d s e i n es p a at itt fli t om fl t flak . T es e fin s on th e e of d n e en u n for h d ighth day iggi g wer co ragi g , ’ ” l l S n es s l l u s e en e e C e e s . vid c , ik o ridg pri g , com ow y p thi way Here a n d th ere i n mos t tren ch es an d hol es we foun d roun ded e fli n eb b l es en l e a s H l b u f gr y t p , appar t y import d , at o m ry , rom th e b ed of Wool wich peb bl es which i s a n atural depos it i n three ’
l D f r s . p aces on th e North own s eas t o S t . Ma tha E th e s u end u e n h n b ut l ell , at o th , prod c d ot i g charcoa , w l l n th of th b u n s n s ne a n d fli n n . e e r t a d to , a t p a e F , a o g top
- l al l u e es en s n e fin d s es . 1 2 v m , r pr t a vai att mpt to po t ho F , , 3 , a n d G 1 a n d 2 j us t in s ide th e vall um were int ended to fin d s igns of hab itation i n th e s nug prot ect ed qu art er it wa s i n a s imil ar pos ition at Holmb ury that mos t hab itation ves tiges were f un I n 1 s e s of o l b u n s n s ne n o d . F h rd pot , charc a , r t a d to , ma y flin t flakes a nd chips were foun d 1 foot 6 inch es to 2 feet down a n b i of ns ne Ca rrst on e l ll ll e d a igg sh piece iro to ( , oca y ca d ’ s e f H don s B ll Blackh eath s tone Thi ore cam rom y a , T l s es a n d wa s e s s el e i n . h e . 2 e c mi w t , p rhap m t d the camp l f 6 n s n a b b n l wa s . 1 ha itatio eve c oot i che dow , m rked y a b n s s an n ll r s s - n e en s b u row i h d , origi a y g a grow , which xt d a o t i 1 f ee e e e th e un di s u b e ell s n wa s n e n e . oot d p r , wh r t r d y ow a d vide c I n Bel ow this i n mos t part s of the camp i s the s an ds tone rock . 2 s ns o f e a nd one n s ee s e F were ig a h arth , at poi t a pit m to hav f At b b een dug through the rock to a depth of 4 eet . the ottom
PLATE XVII
fa ce pa ge 8 7 E C T O N S AT H S CO M BE C P O D L N 8 X AVA I A AM , G A MI G . 7 of s wa s b u n l e b e 2 n es of s n on thi a r t ay r , a ov which i ch a d this an oth er b urn t l ayer a nd ab ove it an other t hin l ayer of s n on of et n e b urn l e T s wa s a d , top which y a oth r t ay r . hi a
fire - Th e b of b e n b el th e ene l l e el pit . ottom it , i g ow g ra rock v , collect ed th e wat er from th e s l ope down from th e s outh a nd f th e llu e s an d for n e th e s n ere wa s er rom va m ( a t) , o c a d h v y w t I n 1 a nd 2 e e b u n s nes of e r r l a n d e . G w r r t to h a th , cha coa e e ns of fire a n d e s e s n es a n d oth r r mai pott ry h rd , with fli t flak b ble s Th e e i n G 2 wa s 1 f 8 n es a n e . n d p h arth oot i ch dow , cons is ted of four s tones l aid flat i n a s hall ow hol e with one As H l b ur h s et u on th e es e e . s of t e pright w t dg at o m y , mo t k n wa s n e un e th e ll u n i n th e ll u coo i g do d r va m . Diggi g va m a n d f s s of th n n wa s un u o e n orth e e tra ce prod ctive . L Th e l n i s of th e en n e n s b e n . o g ax tra c poi t midway twee
— s a nd s - n s Th e en n e wa s u l e a t ea t orth ea t (Fig . tra c thoro gh y e l e en 66 fee l n 1 fee b e e end xp or d with a tr ch t o g , 5 t road at ith r , fee i n th e en e n s u b e s n wa s n arrowi n g to 9 t c tr . U di t r d a d e e on th e e e 2 fee 2 n es n th e n en r ach d av rag at t i ch dow , a ci t l e el b e n b u 1 f 6 n es b el th e e n l e el v i g a o t oot i ch ow mod r v . It wa s not el b e el en e h s ne b ut e e e e d i rat y hard d wit to , th r w r en u s n s nes n ur ll i n s i tu ee f l and o gh a d to at a y to k p it air y hard , a l arge numb er of s tones had roll e d down on to it from th e ks A el el l r e nu b e of sl n a nd n s ide b an . r ativ y a g m r i g ha d w n eb bl es b e een 0 a nd 0 e e f un e e s e thro i g p , tw 3 4 , w r o d h r , om s s of e n b en fli nts s of crap pott ry , a good ma y rok , two part a b ee e ue n a nd s e n e es of Ba r at e s n e hiv q r , om thi top pi c g to b u fr th e e s e of th e H s b e ll e H l es ro ght om oth r id a com va y . o for e - s s we f le find b ut e e wa s one b i s ne gat po t ai d to , th r g flat to , u l ul b een b ken n f u e u l s ro gh y circ ar , which had ro i to o r q a part , e e e s u e th e b of s T s which app ar d to hav pport d ottom a po t . hi wa s th e n rr es r of th e en n e u l i n th e le at a ow t pa t tra c , ro gh y midd i t s l n n On th e old of e t a d e e th e e e b een . g h , h r gat may hav l e el l s e e s e n e e l u s of a sh s n a nd l v a o w r om co cr t d mp , a d charcoa (Fig Th e s le u b el e e un ue e of s imp , tho gh , I i v , iq charact r thi en n e s w th e e of e f un b us tra c accord ith typ pott ry o d , oth j ti fying th e as s ignmen t of th e camp to th e earlies t of th e Celtic ’ s Ha k A n e w es s e . i vad r (Mr . typ ) Thi s wa s a fir t e th e esen e D . s att empt to prov that pr t t rrace l was n ll f s s wa s s u es e b u wa k origi a y a o e . It gg t d y the tro gh T H BE C P O D L N 8 8 EXCAVATI O N S A AS COM AM , G A MI G . i n the groun d wh ere th e l eaves had coll ected to a cons iderable e a n d b re n s of b n u s e a n d wa s le el d pth y mai a a k o t id it , comp t y
vaxu u m 4- f t 8 m mg} ?Hi m /3
9 a dee p “
— M P FI . . P LA F E T A E F A B E A G 4 N O N R N C O H S COM C . s u ess ful a s th e s e a nd of th e f s s e e out u e cc , hap depth o cam q it cl e l Th e f ss e wa s fee n es n f th e e n ar y . o 5 t 4 i ch dow rom mod r s e e on th e s u s e n on th e n a nd top , te p r o th (camp) id tha orth ,
— FIG S E N TR AN C E B AN K ! S EC TI N . . 5 . . O
0 E C T O N S AT H S C O BE C P O D L 9 X AVA I A M AM , G A MI N G . f s s es e s ul e b een ss bl e ul o prov that thi wo d hav po i e . W co d have n e l le e b of s e n for e b e us e th e u do itt mor y way archi g th m , ca gro nd i s ob s truct ed on a ll s ides b y th e growth of young trees which n ur ll b e es ec e S ll th at a y had to r p t d . ti e traces of occupation were s o s can ty a s to s ugges t only occas ion al us e of th e camp l f fu I f wa s o e r a s e o e e . s s e e e th e n e a p ac r g thi , wh r w igh b ouri ng villages for whos e convenien ce Has comb e Camp wa s con s truct e d ? Po s s ibly al ong th e s an d ridge b oth eas t a nd es n ow s o ens el e a s ke e s e e w t , d y wood d to ma th ir di cov ry v ry difficul t . Th sum of e e en i n es E I A . s i s e my xp ri ce th e . . camp that th e e n ee ub le l l e b u th e n ne e b ut xcavator d tro itt a o t co tai d ar a , s ul n en e e on ll u and f s se e s e ll th e ho d co c trat chi fly va m o , p cia y l e an d th e un l s e un e th e ll u f s att r, gro d c o d r va m which a ford r n f n e s n s p ot ectio rom orth or a t wi d .
— i th s s s f N D S . n e e s n o se n (iii) FI (Now po io Jo ph Godma , P rk H and u l f us u E s . e q , a atch , G i d ord M m . )
a F li nt — S e 80— 100 n ebbl s e hi n on ( ) om ovoid fli t p e , w ig g
l b lue - u s a e e b u 2 oz . s r e e nd b l u the av rag a o t , mo t y g y o t id e i n s e n e e f un s e e a ss i m T r e . e e or g y ctio , w r o d catt r d p h y w re e f W l Re din Be s on th e t ns import d rom oo wich or a g d Nor h Dow ,
e l e th e n - s of e l e an n Ranmore at N t y , to orth we t N t y , d ear . They s eem to have b een s el ecte d an d us e d for two purpos es th s ll e a s s l n s nes th e l e a s n - n s s l es e . ma r i g to , arg r ha d throwi g mi i
i s e n e e l s us e as - b le s as we f un It c rtai that th y wer a o d pot oi r , o d H u R t l f ure . ohnb r e S . A C Vo b . e . C . th m ract d y heat ( f y por , , s l bbl es e 2 . S u n e XXXVI II , pt . , p ch ovoid i g p (wher eb b l s e e n ot l b le l elle s of th e s e s e e p e w r avai a , c ay p t am hape w r
e s ee e b een l ue a s P - R e s f un mad ) m to hav va d , itt iv r o d 4 , with i n S crub b it C s e un e s of n es in b a . h dr d fli t flak , rrow No 9 y op , H n l e s Wa s th e man a n e e fli nt n e e . ar a d y , Dor t dead xp rt kn apper or s linger ?
b n f u i n E I . A . Simil ar coll e ctions of pebbles have ee o nd . s un C b u n Ci s sb ur a nd th e T un dl e i n S uss e camp at Mo t a r , y , r x ; ll u n d Hemb ur e n H S e a . at Dry i , rr y ; y , D vo A f rl l e u n of e a nd b en fli nts es ai y arg q a tity work d rok , cor a nd es a n d five i n l e en s i n s s n flak , fl t imp m t a ociatio with l n s n E . A r n e e I . s d . potte y how that fli t imp m t were made a PLATE XVII I
- n r r r n n h e r re e n a z ed s a n d s o e . n u s e . 2 . o o e ru s G 1 F c s c . . li t h I t 3 gl t
r r n n H n - h r w n e S e b e s . 6 a d o eb b s . Ca s t o e . b 4 . 5 li g p l t i g p l e e n n S e s ctio s (iii) a d (ii) B .
m n s fo u n d o n t h e s o e s o f H a s co mb e H b e fo re 1 1 F lin t imp le e t l p ill 9 3 .
w e rfo ra e d o e s . L a Tene III p ottery s he rd s On e ma rke d x ith p t h l
S e e s e ction (iii) e .
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2 E C T O N S A T H S CO M BE C P O D L 9 X AVA I A AM , G A MI N G .
ni l i s ell e n An . 2 e i co ca , it w adapt d to a ha d grip . oth r s a b i n u l n al s n l i n s e : e us lb g at ra fli t , o co ica hap w ight j t 3 . 3 . A fl a tti sh lu of e s al A s ll n mp ch rt , di coid . 4 . ma er fli t with un e a n d b I n ot n 1 a nd ul ro d d top flat as e . do thi k 2 co d have b een u s e a s e s as e n ot i n th e es u d w ight , th y do fit with pr m ed s n e s of th u b s B Mus . i d e n en . Gu e ta dard w ight iro c rr cy ar ( rit , to E a rl I ron A e 1 2 y g , 9 5 , p . c Chert B ur a te S tone Ca rrs tone eta — T e e e e f un ( ) , g , , h r w r o d
n l u s of e a n d Bar a t e s ne - l e e es ma y mp ch rt g to (top ay r pi c , locall y call ed Jol e whi ch s eem to have b een import ed for us e b ut no e l e en s T u not s l el n , ch rt imp m t . ( ho gh trict y r eva t e b e s a s u s e b u e e n b e n h re , it may id that my rmi a o t th r havi g e chert impl emen t s at Holmb ury i s con firme d b y the fin ding b y
M s L ell of hi s l - s e l n of i s D . idd a c e hap d imp eme t chert at C il th R n n e S u n i n Of carrst one h wor i g , ar o thampto , we f un s e e al e es i s b wn s il e us ns n e o d v r pi c . It a ro ic o iro to , ’ l ll ll e Bl h e s n e b u f H d on s oca y ca d ack ath to , ro ght rom y B all l es es T a r s o b o 0 . 2 e e e e f f , mi w tward . h r two typ it , oth h e e e es en e i n th e On e e n s s s of w ich w r r pr t d camp . typ co i t he avy s olid l umps foun d i n s quares an d t ub es th e oth er i s i n h nn e n e e es i ell s n h e n b ut full of t i r co tort d pi c w th y ow a d ad ri g , n Th e f e ul b e e s l a n i s hi s . e e d iro orm r wo d h r to m t , it to t that Topley (Geol ogy of the Weal d) prob ab ly refers wh en h e writ es This con tains a high percentage of iron b ut it s eems r l s u e th e u s of s el n Th e l e e e . ha d y it d to p rpo ( m ti g) att r typ , e e ul b e ell s u e for s el n an d i s e s l b ken how v r , wo d w it d m ti g , it a i y ro in K u n ll f en We f un in th e fur n c . p i to s ma ragm t s . o d it a e pit It s eems to b e pos s ib l e that iron wa s s melted i n Hascomb e h n h ll e es of n s l f un C . On t e e t e s amp oth r ha d , ma pi c iro ag o d i n es e E S e u of Wea lden I ron D sugg t d to Mr . . trak r (a thor , e f R e e s our e ns h who cam rom igat to vi it xcavatio , t at h es e a re b b l th e es ul of f n i s eri n t pro a y r t orgi g , that , hamm g l I t out f n b s th e u es e n of s n . rom iro ar imp riti , rath r tha me ti g
I . A i s h l e en n s e the l keli in E . . worth w i , th , to co id r i hood that b n u b l e Burnin f old iron may have ee prod ce d at a oom ry at g , Th e in un s f l wn in th e We l b u 2 l es . D o d , do a d a o t mi away n a m e Burni ngf old (or field) — ii it carries its ob vious meanin g of s oil s howing s igns of b urning— i s firs t re corded in 12 29 Weal d en I ron l n b ef e th e es b l shm en e of Tu ( ) , o g or ta i t ther a dor fu n e a n e Th e s el s len of r ac d forg in 1574 . di trict yi d p ty good N AT H S CO BE C P O D L I N . EXCAVATI O S A M AM , G A M G 9 3
I f re wa s b l er e e i n re - R n es n ore . e iro th a oom y h r p oma tim , it woul d explain two things the pres ence i n Has comb e Camp of iron for forgin g (j us t a s iron s lag at S a xonb ury implie d a b l e in n e b u n ll a n d th e l e u s e of oom ry a igh o ri g gi ) , at r co r a ll H S ee l se of was s u s R n e . ppo ed oma road , ca d igh tr t (c o N which R n ill f Pickhurs t C n f l th e r n a oma v a) , rom , hiddi g o d , to i o
l — ffi l l n works at Burni ngfo d a cours e otherwis e di cu t to exp ai . i r s o e — Two b i e es of es e ere f un (d) Beeh ve Q ue n t n s . g pi c th w o d i n th e en n Wa 1 f n es n one of ne e s ne tra ce y , oot 9 i ch dow , a th r to s u e l e for th e b of a n n th e e with q ar ho ottom iro pivot , oth r with T es e a n d e f men s s e e for n l e . ock t groov ha d h , two oth r rag t , a re of a hard congl omerat e s ton e which i s s aid to b e derive d f th e H e Be s of th e L e eens n b ut n o one h a s rom yth d ow r Gr a d , ni a s l l Th e e of th e us e of s u ue n s y et recog zed it oca . dat ch q r i s rl a s b n 2 00 B C a n d A D 0 T e fai y well fixe d etwee c . . . 5 . h y r l s f h R n were s upers ede d b y th e flatt e dis coida quern o t e oma s . Th e n e e s ne e su e e e of b s e 1 2 1 n es th r to m a r d diam t r a , % to 3 i ch
- l Th u e s n e s e pivot hole rough y 1 % in ch es s qu are . e pp r to ock t l e for n l e l en n es 1 n es th e u s e ho ha d , gth 4 i ch , width % i ch at o t id l u b en f un en d 1 n es en d en e . S e ns e e , % i ch at c tr imi ar q r hav o d Hun sb ur ne n l s nb u th e T un l e at y ( ar Northampto ) , G a to ry , r d ,
— H b u A . s e l n s ee l n H l b u all E I . e a d . e . S o m ry tt m t ( o m ry , 2 As e e th e Huns b ur XXXVIII , pt . , p . , how v r, y a nd Glastonb ury peopl es b el ong to th e S outh - Wes t ern Celtic m r b u B ul n of 00 . C . e B e im ig atio a o t 3 (typ ) , it wo d app ar that th e Holmb ury a n d Has comb e folk were influen ce d b y th e new- s s n comer to thi ext e t . e P otter — Ab u 1 0 f m en s of e l e s ( ) y o t 5 rag t , two th m arg part of s e e f un a ll b s l u el of on e e La Tene two pot , w r o d , a o t y typ ,
— B Th e n i s b r e b n . 1 0 1 . C . . I I I , dati g c 5 dati g corro o at d y Mr i s H s of h B Mus eum a n d . unn n . C . e t e s . awk , riti h , Mr J D i g It
n - e s l b l ns e a n d red or b l k u s e a n d ha d mad , mo t y ack i id , ac o t id , of l s e s r n e u e s e es ri e nu e r l es oo t i gy t xt r , om tim g tt d with mi t pa tic of fli n b ut l s of s s s urf Th e er e e . t , a way a mooth , oapy ac av ag thickn es s of th e s ide of a pot i s fig in ch .
On e b u ke - s e es s el h a s l n b s e pot , a c t hap d v , a p ai flat a with s traight s ide sloping outward : th e b as e had a di amet er of
l ul f one - of th u s n es e e e . e c . 4% i ch , ca c at d rom third c rv Oth r b ls o f un e s s I o f A e e e . n n e en n w r ow ro d d id rim ragm t , { i ch b el th e a re s ll un erf e les n ow rim two ma ro d p orat d ho , 72i ch T N S AT H S C O BE C M P O D L N . 94 EXCAVA I O A M A , G A MI G
— EN P RY . FIG RI MS RN AMEN TS E TC . F LA T E III TTE . 7 . , O , , O O
6 E C T O N S AT H S CO BE C M P O D L N 9 X AVA I A M A , G A MI G . of the R n e f fe of S n n e s or el b oma p riod rom ar axo i vad r , h d y n s ns n s S axo agai t Da e . This e xcavation h a s on ce again proved th e importan ce o f n l s es As Sir C l s Pe s s s Anti s n s e e . i ve tigati g imi ar it . har r ay ( q o l 1 2 We e n o e s n es n en urn u 1 . 2 2 j , J y 93 , p ) hav r a o to r t co t t with a quit e unneces s ary i gn orance of th e cours e of our native s r ul b e n e Ans tieb u s s e . tory . y ho d i v tigat d THE ROMAN ROAD ON THE SURREY - KENT BO DA Y UN R .
BY
AME RAHAM B E S C. . J G , .
N th e Ordn an ce S urvey Ma p of Roman Britain (s econ d e n 1 28 e e i s S wn a S l en of a R n ditio , 9 ) th r ho hort gth oma b n n n n n n f n e o th e . e i o ee wi road , gi i g at a poi t m rid a Gr ch b u les s u of W l n S ree a n d c n n uin in a a o t 9 mi o th at i g t t , o ti g
s u - s u - e s erl d re n for d s n e f b u 1 il o th o th a t y i ctio a i ta c o a o t 2 m es . S outh of Titse y a s e ction of ab out 2 é— miles is s hown in dott e d lin es cours e uncertain Th e northern s ection s hown in firm lines course certain wa n R n s e a S . C . id tified s a oma road b y Mr . O . G . rawford I t b e i ns th e n end of Rowd own W on e l e a n d g at orth ood , mi a
u e e s - s u - e s f A di n n C u At s q art r a t o th a t rom d gto h rch . thi
n th e un b un n fr th e n - west t urns poi t co ty o dary , comi g om orth , re th e s u a nd b e es u e s T s i e n mo to o th , com q it traight . hi d r ctio i s n n e for s n e of b u iles two s ll mai tai d a di ta c a o t m , with ma e ns th e b un r e u n n e el f e e d viatio , o da y r t r i g imm diat y a t r ach e n l n n e th l e of d viatio to th e s traight a ig me t . Ov r e who this s n e t h e b un f ll s th e l n e of th e R n di ta c o dary o ow i oma road , l f th e n T th e e e n en o s e . s with xc ptio , appar t y, fir t d viatio hi i s s ll t h e e s a nd u s in F a irchil d es a ma zigzag to a tward , occ r P l Th e t l ne . ark . road appears o have he d to th e s traight i Th e s e n e n u s one l s u h of F a irchil des co d d viatio occ r mi e o t , a n es th e f f u l h d tak orm o a m ch arger zigzag to t e e as tward . I n this cas e th e road appears to have b een diverte d for th e
u se of r s s n ee a n d s ee - s e lle a n d th e p rpo c o i g a d p t p id d va y , un h a s f ll b o dary o owe d th e road .
At t he e nd of th e - le s n u e of a 5 % mi traight , at a poi t a q art r l e n of Coldh a rb our Bee es th e c un un mi orth ch , o ty b o dary
u ns b u l th e n - e s an d th e l ne of th e i s t r a r pt y to orth a t , i road 97 H 8 TH E RO N R O D O N TH E S RR E - K ENT BO N D RY 9 MA A U Y U A .
Cours e of R om a n Roa d Vi s ible rem a i ns of Rom a n Roa d
P D CH R R OMAN R OAD N EAR LIM S FIEL A T .
I OO TH E RO N R O D O N TH E S R RE - K ENT Y MA A U Y BO U N DA R .
n e n o i ts wes t ern s ide . Th e as ter s ide of it h a s b een s omewhat
n erfe e b - n ow u s s . T i t r d with y a cart track , di ed his track s s es t h e b b n e b e b u l s e cro rook y a flat co cr te ridg , i t om years for ul e Of b e f th e l n n t o s u ago the ha ag tim r rom p a tatio the o th . n e s b e a n d for s e e l s b o b U d r thi ridg , v ra yard th a ove an d b elow th e b ed of b i s u e b ss f l l it , the rook occ pi d y a ma o arge b ocks n e n f of s to e . I have xami e d the b ed o the b rook for a con s idera b le i s n e b u a n d wn s e f s o n d ta c , oth p do tr am , rom thi p i t , a n f un n s n e S e of th e bl k d o d o more to . om oc s have b een us e d u t b r L l e en e i s to s pport h e idge . oca vid c to th e effe ct that th e s nes l s b en e e a n d b ef e th e b to have a way e th r , that , or ridge wa s e e fille th e b ed of b th e f mad , th y d the rook to height o th e n Th e o u en e Of s s s f e b s . o v s ne s a k cc rr c thi ma h a y to , at thi n s u es s th e ss e th e b k b e ns Of poi t , gg t that road cro d roo y m a s n us e s s bl b u l w n e s ces e th e a to e ca way , po i y i t ith i t r ti to p rmit u Th en n f t n wat er to flow thr o gh it . e pres t pos itio o he s to es i s n ot e l in l ne th e b e e b n n ne b xact y i with cam r d a k me tio d a ove , b u f s un f t a ew yard down s tream . This may b e acco t e d or by the s tones having b een pus he d down s tre am little b y little un n n by repeat e d floods . Th e power e xercise d b y r i g wat er i s e ns d e ble a nd its und n n eff c on s f v ry co i ra , ermi i g e t , a o t ul l h e us u b w l s o c n o . n e t m ddy ottom , o d a ome i t p ay O c ca eway b egan t o b re ak d own e very he avy flood woul d move s ome of n As s u n o an d th e c us e e e the s to es . mi g that the r ad a way w r b an n s o far a s e s c nc n e in th e f en u a do ed , r pair are o er d , fi th c t ry , a n average movemen t of 2 feet p er cent ury woul d place them i n n n their pres e t pos itio . S outh of th e river channel a modern plantation cros s es th e l ne a n d a n es of th e w e s e i , y trac road hich may hav exi ted h re l ns A u 180 have b een d es tr oye d b y th e p an tin g operatio . b o t yards s ou th Of th e s tile b y which acces s to th e pl an tation i s H e a l n gaine d th e groun d b egins to ris e fairly S harply . er o g e e s e l on th e l n e of th e e n n high ridg app ar , xact y i road , xte di g n s ome 60 yards b efore merging in th e highe r an d flatte r grou d . i s ee s b e suse ll On its wes tern S ide s what m to a di d ho ow way , a n d on i t s e as te rn S ide an other holl ow way n ow in use a s a c - Ab e t h e e s k er es f th e art track . ov ridg thi trac div g rom l ne Of in n e l d ue s u e n th e l ne i the road , a ar y o th dir ctio , i its elf con tin u in g through th e s omewhat dens e wood . Frag n f e b n ca n b e e in l ne me tary pie ces o a rais d a k trac d , i with the - B N D I O I TH E R OMA N R OA D O N TH E S U R R EY K EN T O U A RY .
e for s e di s n u th e w en un e ridg , om ta ce thro gh ood , wh the d r r growth i s at its l owes t i n March an d Ap il . Ab out 15 0 yards s outh of the ridge a flatt ened b oun dary b n w Old b e ees l n uns f s u - es t o a k , ith ech tr a o g it , r rom o th w t
- S u of s th e b e e e of R n n orth eas t . o th thi cam r d ridg the oma i s i n es e n an d n n ues u th e road good pr rvatio , co ti right p to
Lim s field - r use h a s b een cut r u p Moo ho road , which th o gh it l As es th e e n th e e on a l ower l eve . it approach mod r road ridg Th e n Of i s ab out 2 feet high a n d very cons picuous . poi t
n n i s 2 10 s f th e - f s u h - s i t ers ectio yard rom road ork to the o t we t , l 1 8 . a nd 3 0 yards wes t of t e ephone pole No . South of th e Moorhous e road th e camb ere d ridge is very l n f b u s T en s u enl c ea r for a dis ta ce o a o t 40 yard . h it dd y es b u 0 fee t o th e e s s a n d n nues i n th e mov a o t 3 t a tward , co ti i n l re n T e is no en e s n for s u us orig a di ctio . h re appar t r a o thi c rio kin k It h as b een s ugges te d that there may have b een
u - ous e ll - s s S an d th e k n a g ard h or to po t at thi pot , that i k u f l l f wa s p ut in for the p rpos e O more e as i y ho ding up tra fic . i f u e e el s E n e l T s s o s u s . e hi , co r , m r y a g e xcavatio might r v a l n the re a re as o . The ridge i s t raceable up the hill for a dis tan ce of an other Th li n u 100 s s o a n d en f es out . e e ss es b yard or , th ad pa a o t 1 10 yards to th e wes t of Ya ld en Sprin g (a very an cien t track l e s n th e l b ut n n e is s bl e un l th e ad dow to poo ) , othi g mor vi i ti rough track n ow (193 2) in us e b y the l orries carrying s tone u H e l on f th e es i s e . e e e c rom q arri r ached r a hard ridg , xa t y R n l n en un s n ll s s th e the oma road a ig m t , r diago a y acro track , I n e wet e h n th e u s on e e S e Of s d e v ry w ather , w e r t ith r id thi ri g w 8 n es ee th e e l es no i es s i n ere i ch d p , h avy orri had made mpr o n th s elf T s i s th e l s s bl e on s l n o e ridge it . hi a t vi i trace thi a ig en th e un th e s u b ein le el ou e es m t , gro d to o th g comp t y t to pi c b th e ua At l e s one R n n e n n y q rries . a t oma i t rme t h a s b ee f un i n s u es s o e ss bl s u l e l o d the e q arri , th y po i y pp i d materia f or the road . S ou of th e u es a nd b e n the Lim s field th q arri area , yo d p E enb e no n ns c ul b f n e u . I t was d ridg road , i dicatio o d o d
Ob vious that th e road mus t have t urne d to th e s outh - eas t s e e e i n s ne b u f tw n l or o e s s . om wh r thi igh o rhood , r a o Firs t y, b ecaus e it had to conne ct with th e kn own Roman road u E enb e a n d s e ndl b e us e n u n f thro gh d ridg , co y ca a co tin atio o 10 2 THE R O N RO D O N TH E S R RE - K E MA A U Y NT BOU N DARY . th e align men t hitherto followe d woul d have taken it di rectly d n th e l s e us e s en of S e rn n ow a mo t pr cipito carpm t c a Ba k .
Af e ns e b l s ea s us us - l in d e e b le t r co id ra e rch a picio ook g ri g , trac a for b u 60 s was f un i n th e C W s b u 1 0 a o t yard , o d hart ood , a o t 5 yar ds n orth - e as t of the twelfth miles tone (from Croydon ) on
im l - E nb d T th e L p s fie d de ri ge road . his poin ted i n th e re quire d
n vi z el e - - e . s s u e s . B n on dir ctio , approximat y a t o th a t ei g a n e l n en wa s e e i b l cha g d a ig m t it d cid d that a d g was advis a e . Owing to di ffi cul ties with trees it was foun d impos s ible t o cut s nc l e n s s a nd u t h e e a traight tre h c a acro thro gh ridg , b ut S en es on e s e an d an l n for horter tr ch ither id , exp oratio s e e l s l n th e c own of th e d u en u v ra yard a o g r ridge , pro ced o gh e vi den ce . i s on th e H t e B ds of Th e S ite y h e the Lower Greens an d . Th e un s u b e un in the e e n as es e di t r d gro d imm diat vici ity, t t d b n few les a n d S enc es S d th e f ll w n y diggi g a ho hort tr h , howe o o i g con di tion s — I mmedi ately b el ow the rough t urf of th e s urface l s e l e n of eces Of s ne ea s u n n n a oo agg om ratio pi to , m ri g a ythi g n i n l n ll T ese c n ns u t o five es e i e s il . p i ch gth , w th y ow o h o ditio u t e of l f l l n contin e d o a d pth at e as t thre e eet with itt e cha ge . Th e s n l es in s ew e ul l s an d b een to e i om hat irr g ar ayer , etw the l f n l ayers is o ate d pieces O s to e occur . Th e en es on th e e a e f ll n es ul s f o tr ch ridg g v the o owi g r t , r m th e s urface down wards :
T el e n s of s an s il c n a n n no s ne . w v i che dy o , o t i i g to 2 E n es of l sel c e s all S one 1 n h t o ( ) ight i ch c o y pa k d m , i c ‘ t u n in l Th e s u f ce of s l e i s 2 in ch es c b e ( oth g arger) . r a thi ay r Th e s ne i s e u e s a n d S s sl c b . q it mooth , how a ight am er to pack d cl os ely en ough to res is t the efforts of tree root s (mos tly oa k) ene e e s th e S es of th e e e e to p trate it , xc pt toward id ridg , wh r it thins off a nd h as s uffered S O mu ch damage from roots that the S O fa r a s ul b e a s cer e dges cann ot b e d efini tely l ocated . co d t a ined th e width of th e met alle d road appeare d t o b e ab out I n n n w s e e b e th e e e of the 24 feet . o e tre ch hat em d to dg met all ed road was marked by closely packe d l arge s tones s l se in th e un di s u b un b ut s w not imi ar to tho t r ed gro d , the e ere Ob s e e i n en rv d other tr ches . B l a l e of en s r e s n (3) e ow th e met al was ay r gre i h g y a d , f n es 8 n es nf n the e ul es rom 4 i ch to i ch thick , co ormi g to irr g ariti f T s l e c n ne o th e un dis turb ed groun d b elow it . hi ay r o tai d
10 H E R O N R O D O N TH E S R REY- K EN T BO N D 4 T MA A U U ARY . l A Mr . . Ma r ar n e C H ll o n s n . I D g y ar y to amp i hdow Fores t .
I ts ultimat e Ob j e ctive i s at pre sen t un kn own . Th e b earin gs (true) of the se veral alignmen t s are a s follows
° (1) Rowd own Wood to t urn ne ar Coldh arb our 347 (2) Turn n ear Coldh arb our t o n ear Ta ts field Re ctory ’ (3) Clacket Wood (s outh of Pilgrims Wa y) to Limp s field Chart Q uarries
Q uarri es to Reservoir . E f Res e Ridge . O rvoir K en t Hatch towards Crockham Hill (7) Road through Edenb ridge
i n f n l n N s . 1 Th e l s e o th e en s . o c o approx matio mai a ig m t , viz , r N . n n a r l a n d i s n e r . OS ee e e 3 , 7 , ot wo thy a d 3 , i d d , xact y llel u th e s f s ne l d s th e e s para , tho gh road hi t ar y yar to a t
' ch alk i s s i n es en di n th e es en a nd . o ward d c g carpm t , No 3 n e l i n l n en th e E enb e r e s s n ar y a ig m t with d ridg iv r cro i g that , i f u e n s n ot e n 0 s th e e s of prod c d , it poi t mor tha 5 yard to a t I t lm s l ks a s if b een n en e the e xis tin g b ridge . a o t oo it had i t d d l n n s t o E enb e i n run N O . e n t o the 3 a ig m t traight dow d ridg , which cas e th e divers ion via Crockham Hill wa s a n after
u e e s e th e en . tho ght , adopt d to a gradi t s re usl s e th e ul Ob e t e of s A p vio y tat d , timate j c iv thi road kn n Th e u e b e e L n n l s i s un ow . ro t y which it r ach d o do a o
‘ AS en a n d s n remains to b e di s covered . a t tative provi io al the ory t o accoun t for its e xis ten ce I ven ture to s ugges t that it was in ten de d t o conne ct th e fortres s of An deri d a (Pe vens ey) n n with Lo do . That it was a road of cons iderable importan ce i s e viden t k f n On As f i ts S e a n d i ts s l ul en ee n . n es rom iz , i gi ri g hdow For t i s 60 fee b e een u e di es a n d e e r it t tw the o t r tch , wh r the t ack i s b es es e th e en l 2 f e i s se b u 18 n es t pr rved c tra 4 e t rai d a o t i ch , e b u 1 8 f l e aving two l ower s ide S pac s a o t eet wide (I . D . l u s I I I . 1 eb u Ma r a r i n S us s ex N otes a nd eri e Vo . g y , Q , , No , F r ary T e e i s s e e en e in F a irchildes P k h r om vid c that ar , ' l C els th e i b e een es wa s s 60 fee . AS to h ham , w dth tw ditch a o t en n ee n th e es en s Of th e l a n d r eens n e s gi ri g , d c t cha k g a d carp ment s a re des ign ed to s e cure comparatively e as y a n d regul ar TH E N D O N TH E S R RE - K EN T BO N D R 10 R OMA ROA U Y U A Y . 5
r di en s t h e n u n e s e Of d s n e a n d S g a t with mi im m i cr a i ta c , how k Th e s e e k l es th e a lle gre at engineering S ill . am r mar app i to v y cros s ing one mile south of F a irchild es . Th e s e ers s en e of th e n l n en w t ady p i t c mai a ig m t , ith a varia n of nl ree e ees e th e kn n s n e of 2 2 les tio o y th d gr ov r ow di ta c mi , r b Th e di re n of th E en indicates a milita y O j e ctive . ( ctio e d ’ b e l n en 0 e ees i s n n e l s K n s ridg a ig m t , 35 d gr , mai tai d a mo t to i g
S n n on As wn res . ta di g, hdo Fo t ) I f s l n en is u e re es th e s Be thi a ig m t prod c d , it ach coa t at achy H s n l l th es f P l A u n e s S e O e e . ss ad , pa i g ight y to w t o gat mi g Pe en s e e s l th e s r n R n s e in the n e v y , a i y mo t impo ta t oma it igh b ourh ood a s th e b e e s i s el th e re n , o j ctiv , thi approximat y di ctio r f th e n ul e in d e th e s es a oad rom orth wo d tak , or r to avoid mar h Th e n l the f es s ul n orth of Pe vens e y . fi a approach to ortr wo d n f P l i f fr th e e e . e . th e es en b e O e . th om dir ctio o gat , rom w t I t i s s s bl e e er th e l n en f e le n po i , how v , that a ig m t , a t r c ari g Ma r ar h a s s s As wn res e e a s . wn hdo Fo t , wh r , Mr g y ho , a harp
- u th u n th e s u es u s ne e e e e s . t r to o th w t occ r , t r d rath r mor to a t I f S O l ne e b een r el Coldh arb our , the i may hav app oximat y via us s ou Of Cr b r u S ne C s s H l n (j t th ow o o gh) , to ro , ad ow Dow , ’ ’ Ros er s Cr s s L n s een S ee Hell n l H ls o , io Gr , North tr t , i g y, ai ham , a n d s o to a s econ d Stone Cross j us t 2 miles wes t Of Pevens ey l l n u s k s th e f s u C s e . T s e s e e o the es s a t hi i j t irt dg mar h , th s n a s u d s n e a s ss bl e a n d the n es l n avi g m ch i ta c po i , am a o g it a re s ugges tive . Curwen s s th e R n s e e n en ll Dr . ay that oma w r co t t to a ow e l er ns a s An d erida Pe ens e e en u n th ir at tow , ( v y) , to d p d po improve d n ative trails for their communications (P rehi s tori c 1 T f n S us s ex S e n E n 0 . s di e , co d ditio , 93 , p hi act may i cat A n th e n s er th e r l e of s . of in a w to idd thi road North dd gto , in th e T es lle re e e ul lm s ce nl e ham Va y a a , th r wo d a o t rtai y hav be en re - e s n r k r s b ef e ne es s for a p xi ti g t ac , or t ack , or the c ity An u a mil itary road to An derid a aros e . d s o th of As hdown
Fores t th e line run s right through th e iron - min in g dis trict
l He e n e ul - s n of th e S uss ex Wea d . r agai th re wo d b e p re exi ti g t n f n s . I t us e b een l track m t hav impor a t , rom a mi itary poi t Of e et u f L n n Br e An derida Vi w , to g a thro gh road rom o do idg to l e e i n th e s es ss bl me n e th e e s n t o comp t d hort t po i e ti , o c d ci io b n k n T n u l u k n ns ru ee e . h e es a d s co t ct it had ta at ra , q ic t , mo t n l u s e ul b e e l e e s n ks eco omica co r wo d to improv a r ady xi ti g trac , I O 6 THE R O N R O D O N THE S R R E - K EN T BO N D MA A U Y U ARY .
en e ran l in th e u r e r n a n d wh th y approximate y req i d di ectio , fill i n a n s w s e ll ns u to y gap , or gap , ith a p cia y co tr cted road . I f s i s u ll u e th e un b oun thi what act a y occ rr d , co ty dary pass in g wes t Of Wes t Wickham a n d t urn ing away to th e n orth - wes t ss bl e sen s th e n e n nne n r s n n po i y r pre t orth r co ctio towa d Lo do . I n s e e l l es h a s n of a n n en b ut v ra p ac it the appeara ce a ci t road , it l acks the characteris tic s traightness of a Roman road of the n military or engi eere d type .
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I I O L ST O F O N EN T L BR S S ES I N S R R E I M UM A A U Y .
n d k f s l b 80 8 n es E n a n S e o . rs e n n tio , tch a , X 3 % i ch do d adjoi i g th s l n h l e tep e adi g to t e a tar . H n n 1 Rub T s e a d fe . b n of s . u e IV homa ro wi , 544 i g fig r , d s of S l b a re r u etc . n i n h oll i a e s e t e C ect ons . , k tch a p od c d En n th c nun l dors e d u der e o uni on tab e . H r n d f 1 R . a e n a bb n f W ll w e 62 . u o u e of V i i m o i , 5 i g fig r W l l He n en s e l s e fr th e s ne a n d of th e i iam ro , dor d oo om to , ins cription en dors e d foun d loos e in th e d us t hol e a n d b elongs n th Al th e e un e e un n b l . e n e to graves to d r comm io ta e Mr . xa d r is n e Th e ns c n s n l n i err e . e ot b e n or h r i riptio do o g to o . IV. A en l h e n ot fin d th e u e of Al e Her n n or th e ppar t y did fig r ic o , l h l s ab from which t e oos e pieces came . T s P ns n 160 a n fe El b R b VI . d u e . b n homa arki o , 5 , wi iza th i g f r n a n s ke f s l b E o ns d O 2 in es . n s e i c iptio tch a , X 9 ch dor d in th dl e a n el e s Of th P n e e i ns . mid ch c , a t e oth r ark o Los t Brass es 1 a Ske Of s l b 6 n es s w n n en s ( ) ( ) tch a a , 7 X 37 i ch , ho i g i d t for ma n in u fe on e e S e a nd f n s r n a armo r , wi ( d xt r id ) , oot i c iptio , En rs e th n r n fifteen th century . do d in e o th cha cel adj oin ing th f n th f th e s e e in e l e O th e s e . t p to o t , midd t p b Sket ch ~ of Sl b 60 2 n es s n n en for ( ) a a , x 9% i ch , howi g i d t l n s ll on e e s e Of e a n d f in s cri a civi ia with cro ith r id h ad , oot p En i n th e Her n C n l n l n n . s e e e e tio dor d o ha c or orth chap , ar ” th e n orth wall . Rubb n of th e re o f m n c 1 0 c u a in u . 0 . ( ) i g fig a armo r, 5 En r l f n P b b l h fi re f do s e d oose rom a graves to e . ro a y t e gu o hn Re i n e 1 08 f th e b as s i self an d h is w fe Jo d g , 5 , rom r to h m i
n n A ell - en e e of ma n in r u B . u Mary ra do w grav d fig r a a mo r ,
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e n s al l ll of l b re s l e e - l e w ari g a m co ar mai , a tp at with d mi p accat , s ul e e es diffe n in s e l ef e s all ho d r pi c ri g hap , the t ridg d , m elb e es es i l e s s e s b u l e e il ow pi c , tac w th arg ta t ck d ov r a ma s l e ne e ie ces with l es b e b el a n d th e kirt , arg k p p at a ov , ow, at — Th e s es a nd b un e s abb a t ons wi u s u s . id , road ro d to d tho t p r n n nal l hi n h b s word h a gs from a arrow b elt diago y b e d t e ody . Pl n e o . ( at XXI , Mr P f n in l s en me s I n 1 2 . C e o C 9 7 . G . ag t roydo k d y t thi n ote : th e will of John Redinge appears to have b een tt un h n f h C . 10 B enne e t e e o hn e s e e in t e C. r gi t r d P . ( ) d r am Jo PLATE XXI
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h 1 . d e . en n Gill ow e e b e th e 2 t ath , Mr J ki di d Dec m r 4 , 737 This is con firmed b y th e paris h regis ter which records his b urial l on 1 e e b e 1 . I n 180 e s ve b een s e 3 D c m r , 737 5 it app ar to ha oo in th e us of th e s e n b ut h e es n ot n in c tody xto , do k ow what f i n part of th e church it wa s origi nall y place d ( rom a MS . n P l L Mi et ub ic ib rary) .
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fr e 6 o . 6 l ne 8 b o n . XXX , 7 , IV, at p 7 , i , om ttom , r ad B ar a n 68 s et a es s between two chevrons or for n d . . f , ay d , at p , l ne 1 for Elean o d u e of c l s een of E n i 5 , r , a ght r Ni ho a Gr , xto , Ru l an sub s u e o ce d au hter of B na w t d , tit t J y , g ay rd , idow ” n T le e er w ri b of ine . Sir as Co as w Joh V hom p p t ice mar ed , y his s fe Elean een no ss u b his s n fir t wi or Gr he had i e , y eco d , e B n f u s ons a nd one d u e Ele n Joyc ay ard , he had o r a ght r, a or, ri e Sir Re nal C b who mar d gi d o ham .
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Th holdi ng a s taff Of Office with b an de d orn amentation . e frin ge d en ds of th e s tole j us t appear an d over th e e mb roidere d foot apparel Of th e alb e i s a large S hield b e arin g th e arms of s d e l a C ell e ur ent s em o cros slets tch two ba rbels Vi ch hap , g y f fi y ha uri a nt a ddors ed s a ble w in ef a n nes u e n Of Va n , ith chi i c tch o A ell a v l f m n f b e ins cri e or che ron u . B is o x , g e ow a rag e t ord r p tion i n florid black l etter with a n outer b order of runn ing
1 16 L ST O F M O N M EN T L BR SS ES I N S RRE I U A A U Y .
r n Pe s n u n d e w th e atte tion o f Mr . ar o to a pict re i th e National T s u e e r s en h Gall ery b y Gerard David . hi pict r r p e ts t e marriage Of S C e n a n d is us es r b e b Weal i n h n t . ath ri e th d c i d y e is work o “ s n e 1 i n th e f e un neels h er o R thi pai t r , or gro d k v tary , ichard d e s va n d er C ell e i n fu e c s s a n d full sl e e Vi ch hap , rr d a ock ev d l n s ur l e w a n l u e hi l ef On th aw p ic ith a m ce ov r s t arm . e pave ’ en i n f n of him l es h is n o s s ff f u een - en u m t ro t i ca t r ta , a o rt th c t ry t a u of s l il s u un e b u es en n th e s i ver g t , rmo t d y a gro p repr ti g Mo t H l T n b n a nd n al en the o y ri ity adored y a mo k a cardi , giv to church b y Can on Nicholas d e Bouch oute in Bes ide th e s taff a re a b reviary with gold Clas ps a n d a bl ue velve t cover a nd b l l e i n th e m di e f e un s es a ack cap , whi im e at or gro d repo a gr eyhoun d on whos e coll ar is a n en amell ed es cutcheon b earing n n ll th e arms of d e Vi s ch e with a i es cutcheon Of van Axe e . l 1 0 1 We a e al s o s tates th e picture was ordered b y the can on in 5 .
u h d e n f r h An ne . No do b t as part Of t e coratio o t e chapel of St . toi Although in th e picture the can on is s hown in his canonical ’ n l l s l b S w n b e e e in St . s s e e e s ha it , ther w r Do at v ra m moria a ho i g n ns in s s es en s one w s on his lb e as on th e ca o ma v tm t , ith arm a T 3 horpe fragmen t . T Pe s n ls o n eb e for th e n f n o Mr . ar o I am a i d t d i ormatio that an othe r pie ce of th e b ras s h a s s in ce b e come l oos e a n d is als o l s I t is th e l e n of th e u e of n pa imp es t . ow r portio fig r Joa B n e b u b n es a nd h a s on th e e e s e f en o d , a o t 5 y 7 i ch , r v r a ragm t of an other fifteenth - century Flemis h ins cription with the
we e een b f . f l I n all words ( ) erelt int b tw orders o o iage . b b li es o f th e b s s w ll b e f un d b e l m s es pro a i ty the r t ra i o to pa i p t , ’ with the poss ibl e chan ce of more of th e can on s memor ial b eing recovered .
1 me W e a e nd n 1 8 1 Gera rd D a vi d b W H a s Lo o 6 . , y . . J l , , 9 5 , p . ‘ 2 F o r a d e a ed d es cr on of s s a ff s ee LeB e o vo l I r i . . . t il ip ti thi t , fi , , p 33 7 ’ 3 M u menta le d e a F l a n e Occi d en a le I n s cri ti on s F u n era i res . on s l d r t p , r a l a r v l I rr nd s men d e B ru es S t D ona a . G d o . o s e . p J il i , A i t g , t , 2 p . 5 . NOTES .
[Und er thi s hea di ng the Editor will be plea sed to i ns ert notes a nd s hort a rti cles rela tive to di s coveri es a nd other ma tters of i nteres t to the oun All communi ca ti ons i nte history a nd a rchwology of the c ty . nd ed or thi s s ecti on should be a ddres s ed to Ca s tl e A rch uild ord f , G f ]
e — A h e e o C r em a tion Tr en ch es n e a r P e a s l a k . t t dge f a s andp it l e b een d u ou b Mr H B urr s Cr s s Peas ake t . C. . r nl n at ow o , , hav g y G i i g M E i b olt l n re a n ren es i r 0 a nd r S . . W n . two o g c m tio t ch ; a th d , 9 a d Th e d u re fee l n fee a wa s n ot n es e . e 20 t aw y, i v tig t two g w t o g, fee b r a nd b u fee ee a nd ere rr n e i n th e f r 4 t oad, a o t 5 t d p , w a a g d o m a e fee E e i n l of a n L th e l b s b e n s e r b . es , two im i g p at d y 3 t xc p t p ac , the ren es ere re a nd lle w b i s n s nes r n t ch w floo d wa d ith g a d to , i o d ch e one a ll b r u fr m l le s n e s nes a n rt st s . On to , , o ght o a itt di ta c h e s nes wa s k l a er of r a l a nd d a sh and i n t to a thic y cha co woo , Of h e ren es ere l ers of s nes and of l p arts t t ch w two ay to charcoa . b urn red A h e n t t . end O Th e s tones a nd s and had b ee t . W f one trench were found the remai ns Of human b ones not completely re e b el n n a s Sir Ar ur Ke re r e n c mat d , o gi g , th ith p o t d, to a woma ld u 1 All th e er b nes b een en rel a nd a chi of ab o t 4 . oth o had ti y du e T ere was no fr en Of er or er r e ced to as h s . h agm t p ott y oth f e T u ere are s e er l s s b li es on h e i en e O . t e v d c dat ho gh th v a p o i i ti , l e on ener l b ut s l r un s one ul n l ne L e who , g a ight g o d , wo d i c i to a at K el a e a nd nne th e re ns th e e l e e tic d t , co ct c matio with p op who mad l ur H l Ho mb y i l Camp . E 8 . . I N B LT W O .
’ S a nt a t h er ne s Ch ur ch M ers th a m . R e s or a i on o i K i , t t f t h e Ch a n cel 19 3 1 — ur n th e res r n of th e n el an u , D i g to atio cha c a mb ry was di s covered on th e north s ide of th e al tar b ehi nd the Victoria n li n as wa s b e n rem e fr th e e s ll see Pl e ti g , it i g ov d om a t wa ( at XXIII) . Excep t for two short l engths of s quared s tones at th e north an d s u e rem es i s ll was f un b e b uil i n er r u o th xt iti , th wa o d to t v y o gh rub b le n l ud n fr m en s of th e r n l hir een - en ur , i c i g ag t o igi a t t th c t y a d n arc i g . Th e u b r i s 1 n es e 20 n es hi a nd 6 n es a m y , which 4 i ch wid , i ch gh i ch ee i s re n ul r a nd h as ee r es cut i n th e e d p , cta g a d p g oov midway h ight 1 1 7 TE I 1 8 N O S . o f th e a mb s a nd i n es e r es fra men s of a n oak S elf j , th g oov g t h i nch ll rema ne Th e ll of th e u i thick s ti i d . ci a mb ry s 1 foot 6 inches from th e floor a nd th e di s tance from th e north wall to th e j a mb n e Th e f e Of th e ne rk h i s 1 foot 3 i ch s . ac s to wo as b een much hacked Ob n ke for th e l n b ut ere i s no n n of a n to tai a y ti i g , th i dicatio y ok hinges or l o . Th e V r n il e s e h a s b een rem e and b ene on th icto ia t d t p ov d , ath e s outh S ide wa s foun d a s trip of th e origin al p aving ab out 2 feet e ex en n fr m th e e s ll th e en r th e s u n r wid , t di g o a t wa to t y to o th cha t y Th s a n i s i n s ll re n l r n cha p el . i p vi g ma cta gu a s to es ab out 2 feet b 1 f th e l n er di ens n n n n r nd a s u . Th y oot , with o g m io p oi ti g o th o th e r ema inder of th e floor had di s app eared excep t for a s mall fragment i n h r - e Th e s Of e een - t e no th as t corner . top two ight th century a ul s i n red b r k ere un ere th e r ns of th e a r es b e n v t ic w cov d , c ow ch i g a b out 2 inches ab ove th e l evel of th e Old floor which mus t have b een re e b f r e mov d e o e that dat .
L E . LL MS L . WI I A ,
— Rom a n B u ria l s n ea r F a rl ey Hea th . Portions Of five Roma n b urial urns an d one small S am ian b owl (s ee Plate XXIII) have b een f un in r en on th e e e of F rle Hea Alb ur and o d a ga d dg a y th , y , not far from th e s ite of th e reputed Roman town where Roman rem n i n l r e u n es e b een f und in s e r ai s a g q a titi hav o p a t y a s . ’ Th e S amian b owl i s complete a nd i s marked with th e p otter s n m f th e er five one i s of li b uff l ur and f ur f e . O o a oth , a ght co o o T e ere all f un n fe fe coar s e b lue grey p ottery . h y w o d withi a w et r Th e am n b l i s se n en ur b ut the b uff Of e e . S ach oth ia ow co d c t y , l ure u or urn was f un i s s d b e le s co o d j g , , with which it o d ai to at a t e arl e T s u h as b een b r ken an d re re in ighty year s e i r . hi j g o p ai d Roman times and h as a curious p atch of metal rivetted on to the outs ide i n one place where there was a b a d b reak . S e ens n Of F x l Th e fin s ar e th e r er of Mr ; R . es d p op ty t ph o o ho , F rle reen Alb ur h as k n l l en th e S am n b l for a y G , y , who i d y t ia ow e xhib ition in Guildford Museum an d h as al s o al lowed memb ers Of th e Society to make further investigations in his ground s .
0 . M. HE TH A .
Inh um a tion B ur ia l s a t Ea s h i ng — F rom 6th Octob er to 19th O b er 1 1 s e en u n s kel e ns ere f un l e u n cto , 93 , v h ma to w o d whi a c tti g was b e n m de for th e alm n b - ss r B s in b u i g a God i g y p a oad at a h g , a o t a quarter Of a mile ab ove Eashing b ri dge over th e river Wey (s ee Th e e i s on th e t o of l ff on the s u s e of Plate XXIV) . s it p a c i o th id b One b ur l was es r ed th e ri ver an d a b out 55 feet a ove it . ia d t oy i n n b ut th e er s ix ere a s arefull as s s ble reser e diggi g , oth w c y po i p v d,
THRE E OF THE B AS HI N G BURIALS
f ace pa ge 1 19 N TE O S . 1 19 and th e r n n n Mr P T es e e eer M. O and Mr . H. Ell id t gi , . . tway, . iott e e er f l f n gav v y aci ity or examinatio .
' N O u . 1 . D e 2 S ar of run a n d four l e ones a d out i n p th k ll , p t t k g b l i °
on e n Or e n a on a ou 2 0 of E . t h e e a n n e S . d e a t S E e d li . i t ti , b t , h b i g . . P o s u re of s u n ea r er ca ro ed b mou d on d s n c l ro t k ll ly v ti l , p p p y l ly i ti t y p g ’ n a ous al l th e fron ee re s er E ma e en Of s e e on ed . s d th , t t th p v ti t l gth k l t , 5 ’ ” m n N O . D e R e a s Of s e on ro 2 . 2 e f m s u t o e o t h e n e es p th i k l t k ll 4 b l w k , ’ ’ ° i m a ed o al en 0 ri en a on W E s . O . of th e S . 4 t t t t l gth 5 t ti , 3 7 , ea n t W nd Pos t ure e en d ed on a n d e a S . e c T o es h b i g . . xt b k . high b ara e i h ne of s n a co umn rms b s d es ro a h a nd s p ll l w t li p i l l . A y i , p b bly wit h m n He a m ou on w ss n o e v s . d s ra s ed b ut on d fe e ces ( i i g) p l i lightly i , l ly . A p i O rc r oun r n D s a n e fr w f c a oa e e f d o e t h e s e e o . o 1 a s h l w v k l t i t c om N . ’ ' - N O . D e h S u t o n e o n s n o al ma e . e e e s d 3 p t , 3 k ll k j i t , l gth 3 t t ti t ’ ' en P o s ure e en d ed on a c h S kul n ea r com e e l gth, 5 t xt b k , wit l ly p l t ly r i e fa c e oo n a a from fe e rm i n O n n e ers ed . . . s a s N . 2 o a d s v , l ki g w y t A h ° r W Of a n es er ed . Or en a on . S . e d t o D s a ce from N O S . . 2 p v i t ti 5 h i t , 1 0 4 9 . ’ ’ O D e 2 He a t o a f - wa o th f r en . . d d n e e mu 4 p th, h l y w , l gth 3 ’ E s ma ed o al e n P os ure : e end ed on a c b ut s ti t t t l gth, 5 t xt b k , lightly rn d on t o r s d e a s a s o th e ea h e s f a t u e d . T o on o s a n t ight i , l h p iti thigh , ° a n e Of 8 0 t o a n e d ra n r t o ef rou h th e e s s eemed t o gl li w ight l t th g p lvi , ° nd ca e a t h e e s ere cros s ed rms m s s n Or en a on 1 E i i t th t l g w . A i i g . i t ti , . '
f . e a t o . D s a n ce from N O O S d 8 . , h i t 3 , 5 N o D s a n ce from N O . 5 . i t . ’ ' N O 6 D e 2 s ma e a d a nd a r of run on en 1 . . p th, A ll h p t t k ly , l gth r a a m a l ma n P s ure e en d e d on ron Th e u l wa s o s o . s p b bly l w o t : xt f t . k l foun a own a r e s s n rn r d f ce d d s . L m s ea d u ed s w g i i g : h t lightly ight . ° i n n 0 ea f r nz Or e a o E of S . d S E . S E O t h e ea d h a f a. o e t ti , 3 . , h At . h , l b
h a r - i n of R om a n e wa s found i t s s m a s e r cal ea d orna men ed i p typ , ll p h i h t ’ me on ea d D s a nce from N O 0 e a . 2 lik l b . i t 5 ,
l l f O ere s e of th e b ne a nd ee Of S ight y s outh o N . 6 w om o s t th a ’ d e f al T e e e s ee an few es o r . s cow, two dog t th , a p i c cha co h app ar ns to b e later intrus io . All the b ur al s ere in the t o s r u of b r n umus s an i w p t at m ow h d , n h e ll er b l T ere was no or j us t reaching i to t y e ow s an d e ow it . h S n of s er n s nes or les or ffi n or n l s or Of ig ci t , cov i g to ti , co (wood ai ) , Th e r e in e as e was s im l a ny garment us ed as shroud . g av ach c p y T ere ere no n n a u ulus a hole d ug in th e s and . h w i dicatio s th t a t m O rnam n or r e furn ure o had covered the b urial s . N o e ts g av it f
an k n e e the b r n e in N O . 6 . y i d , xc p t o z p with I n various places were found in the s oil — not with the skeletons fr en s of er hi r een of R m n - Br s one nl of agm t p ott y , t t o a o iti h , o y
Th e l er was eel - m e re on th e efin el R n e . d it y oma typ att wh ad , g y outsides b ut red in the b ody and on th e ins ide— of s oftis h s andy ma Th e R man - Br s fra en s ere near l all of red terial . o o iti h gm t w y b r n m er al b l k s e er r s me are ri ed ow at i , with ac i h xt io ; o g tt with b s n r les ers und e r n s la as S n iggi h fli t p a tic , oth with p o d i o g , at axo b n of b e lu l urne u the ur . One i s a r s s y p o tio a flat a , c m i y t d p with An er rn en of r re e finger on the outs ide . oth shows o am t s ho t imp ss d ” lin l n r Be n s es (less than 5 o g) ap a t . yo d thi there were frag N OTES I 20 . ments Of charcoal and a piece of s ands tone with silica formed on Th e e th e s urf e un er e . ell e b een ac d h at pott ry, which might w hav m e b n e Br ns ur n the R m n er o i s in ee en ad y ativ ito d i g o a p i d , agr m t
h e b r n e in and nd es R m n - Br s b l t u s . with o z p , i icat o a o iti h ria There was nothing to show whether the interments took place ' ' " — together or at different times . The varying depths 2 3 6 ' and 5 — and ori entation might depend up on the ideas of different i n r es and are l n lus e ns s ul an e us digg g p a ti , hard y co c iv agai t im t o
Th e rre ul r er Of the n er n — f int erments . i g ar cha act i t me ts ace d n ar s re ers ed s kull an d f ur le b nes rr n e in one ow w d , v , o g o a a g d line— s eems to indicate s imultaneous b urial after th e corp ses h a d lain exp osed an d were reduced to Skeletons ; and s o does th e un ere n us m nner of n er en u r e furn ur c mo io a i t m t witho t g av it e .
Th e b ur e e le ere ren l of s all - s ure r e i d p op w , app a t y , a m tat d ac the lles of th e f ur ere nl r n Sir Ar ur ta t two o w o y , acco di g to th ' ” ’ ” Th e e K e 6 and in e . es e b e was ith , 5 5 7 h ight ( timat mad a ov , ir Ar ur K k n of urs e nl a r u one . S e l e am ne co , o y o gh ) th ith i d y x i d th e um an rema ns th e b nes of ere s b r tle He h i , o which w mo t it . re r s r 1th F eb ru r 1 2 F r th e f r of skull f e an d p o t ( a y 93 ) om o m , ac l mb b nes — an d al s th e s e of the b nes e e the i o o tat o , I hav com to n lus n e are not of S a n e— not edi ae l an d co c io that th y xo dat m va , ” l er nl of th e er of R n n ere a mos t c tai y p iod oma occupatio . Th ere en one of b u 18— 20 e r s th e er Of b u w two wom , a o t y a , oth a o t
0 of me u s ure an d ree men R n - B r s in e . 3 , di m tat ; th oma o iti h typ Of es e one was — 0 ear s of a e l r e e r b us f e th 45 5 y g , with a g h ad, o t ac , ' ” l mb - b ne a nd b u in e s r n s . An er er t o g i o , a o t 5 7 h ight oth , ov 0 e r s of a e s s n re u e e el en seen in 4 y a g , had j aw howi g d c d d v opm t
e l ll - k f A i r l p op e eating we coo ed ood . th d was a s trong y b uilt ’ ” n ma of ab out 5 6 in height .
E . I B LT S . W N O .
— Th e D m e s d a M l l a t B e chwo th . es B k i n th o y i t r Dom day oo , e s s e i r efers th e M n r of E s B e r s es p a ag wh ch to a o a t tchwo th , tat that ere wa s m ll ere b ut of urs e s s n n of i ts s u n th a i th , , co , ay othi g it atio l N ow Wonh am M ll h e r O D B b co . on t e e s n b e f ( , 35 , . ii) i a t r ord B e r r s i s er ai nl n en b ut not i nk i s tchwo th p a i h c t y a ci t , I do th it h mi ll m en ne i n e F r l b e i nam t e s . s e us ts e tio d Dom day i t y , ca l es b el n e r n ll the M n Of Wonh am of imp i that it o g d o igi a y to a or , th e e rl es re r i s i n S e n l b e use fr 1 28 2 which a i t co d co d y , ca om 3 3 1 Wonh am M ll in h e s es si Of Re e Pr r to 539 i was t p o s on igat io y . Th e ues n eref re ar s es i s ere e en e of th e e s en e of q tio th o i , th vid c xi t c an other mill at B etchworth which may b e th e Manorial Mill all uded
1 3 V — C . H . u rr n O . l . 1 0 . Cal en a r P a e o s 1 2 1 . 26 . S e V o . d R y , III , p 7 t t ll , 3 7 33 , p 3 3 Va l er E c l s i a t u ed on o o c e s i c s f V l . . 6 . ( iti II , p 7
22 N TES I O .
en ur wa s s u ll a i s f rl m a l us er of u es c t y ch a vi , th t , a ai y co p ct c t ho s i n th e ne b ur of th e M n r H us e a nd the C ur Wh igh o hood a o o h ch . o ever exa mines th e s ite will r eali ze at once how clos e it was to th e Manor Hous e a nd th e centre Of th e vill age a nd withi n eas y reach of l I f n ne r h e en th e common fie d . a yo ej ects t is vid ce as inconcl us ive I think th e b urden r es ts on hi m to s ugges t another a nd a more ’ r b b l e h Man r l M ll Unl ess ll s ere lik e F l ff p o a e s it for t e o ia i . mi w ( a s ta s re s ns a s l en ful a s b l kb err es i n old B e r a o ) p ti ac i tchwo th , it s eems me ere a nd not els e ere was th e s e of the to that h , wh , it m a M ll Do esd y i . E H KEN N ED . . Y .
— — I h e of m l n R e iga te Ol d B r i ck s . n t e cours de o ishi g two old cottages that s tood at th e corner of Slip s hoe S treet a nd London R a d Re e for th e ur s e of s ree en n s ma ll u n o , igat , p p o t t wid i g , a q a tity of b r ks of unus ual S e a nd s e h as b een i s ere nu r ic iz hap d cov d , Ja a y Th e ram b el S s ex l es of era e 193 2 . diag ow how two amp av g di m — a nd T e e n l e ken fr ens ns F 1 2 . e b en io igs . h y had vid t y ta om
Older b uildi ng and re us ed s imp ly - as material for th e walls of h e a es u re r e r r nal u e I n l u t cott g witho t ga d to th i o igi p rp os . co o r e ar e li b r k red a nd ar e d e of ure l a nd k ln th y a ght ic , ma p c ay i k I n m ak n th e l er s r th e l was r n n b a ed . i g arg o t c ay th ow i to a rectangul ar mould on th e b ench and s tru ck Off one showing s igns m k Th Of thumb a nd fin ger ar s was handl ed i n a wet s tate . e
b r k Fi 2 ere f r e in s e ul . F r s are s haped ic s ( g . ) w o m d a hap d mo d og h k .T ere i no n n t e b r s ere en b r k an n . s s w ti g h i dicatio that ic w ov ic , or th e S e nes ere n en e for n ull ns u that hap d o w i t d d wi dow m io , tho gh ss bl fr e or l s s ul b e fixe AA b ut es e e p o i y a am g a co d d at , th may hav b n The r n l r enan e Of the b r ks een intended for cop i gs . o igi a p ov c ic i s unkn n Th e es ere of un er n e u r b bl ow . cottag w c tai dat , tho gh p o a y no l e u r ed e r old t s s than two h nd y a s . N OTES 2 . 1 3
’ Lloy d s Hi s tory of E ngli s h Bri ckwork (p a ge 89) cites onl y two ins ta n ces of b ricks a pp roximating to th e a b normal dimens ions of Fi 1 b of are f un L l e C es ll Ab b e E s s ex g . , oth which o d at itt ogg ha y , , a nd d ed 1 00 a nd 1 0 Th e Re e m ma u b e 0 2 2 2 . s e ens s at . igat p ci y th m l S e e er a s a u r i s reful n u e ae . o t di va iz , how v , th t a tho ity ca to p oi t , i n lf fe ui e th e a e of b r k s ot by its e a s a g d to g a ic . HOOPE R W . .
s o n M e d i ae a l S tone a ul t ed Cr t a t a ll i n n N ote v v yp W gto . B r I s e s Cr in n the l e Mrs . vi it d thi yp t comp a y with at i ch , to whom the s an an u es of Wal lin n owe s o mu in th e u umn c ty tiq iti gto ch , a t Of 1 2 and m e the n n r n s see a es 12 9 3 , ad accompa yi g d awi g ( p g 4 The hous e ab ove ground i s p erfectly modern a nd b ears no rel a tion th e r a nd can fin d n o d umen r e den e as to c yp t , I oc ta y vi c to who l th e r th e d a e or th e ur s e for w m b u a s e . i t c yp t , t , p p o which it ad i s er s l dl a nd s k l full ns ru e k a ll s It v y o i y i y co t ct d , with thic w an d n el fi e s l ar dres s n s of firestone for r b s r ul a r ic y tt d a h i g i , ci c s r r and a umb r in th e E s ll— th e r is rre l tai , doo way , y a t wa c yp t co ct y r en a e s u es s ma e b een th e un er r f o i t t d , which gg t that it y hav d c o t of a domes tic chap el a ttached to a house Of s ome imp ortan ce : b ut all trace of any s uch s uperstructure h as di s app ear ed time
o Of m n n u r es on th e s r e fru less . ut i d . I q i i p ot p ov d it a e h e n ure of he n ru n Th e drawings indic t t at t co st ctio . Th e fill n or web fr m rib rib of th e ul n i s Of lk l l i g o to va ti g cha , ight y l s ere th e ll s a re of rubble— rd lk an d firestone p a t d ; wa ha cha , ar all l s ere the u ns b e n l ar el of nea l r u p ti y p a t d , q oi i g g y t y w o ght l Th e s ne r b s e S ar ll ul di n fir t one b k . es oc s to i hav a h p ho ow mo g . T ere are ele en or el e s ee s e s th e r un r h v tw v t p t p to g o d floo , mostly having a ris e of 9% inches . I n th e E s ll are r es of b l ke n and l er in a t wa t ac a oc d wi dow, ow th e all s mall l n reb a e a umb r n e - ks for r w a p ai t d y , with hi g hoo a doo . lk The floor i s of s tamp ed cha . F rom th e architectural eviden ce I Should p ut the date of erection in f en n early th e fi te th ce tury .
Th e s ub le ur e of th e - en re r e r b s eser es n e t c v 4 c t d a ch d i d v otic ,
— a s als o th e elliptical cross - rib in th e eas tern b ay app arently ned e n l for an O n n Of m des ig to giv additio a height p e i g s o e s ort . PH L P M OHN STON I I . J ,
R e s r a t n Wor k i n S u r r h c — n M. n e C ur h es . r P . s to io y M . Joh to rep orts tha t d uring th e las t two or thr ee y ear s va rious works of res r n e b een ar r e out un er his su er s n Ca er am to atio hav c i d d p vi io at t h , ’ ’ C n C uls n S ke d Ab n n M s u l f r er o and St . r ompto , o do , to a y , G i d o d , in which vari ous interes ting dis coveries have b een made and N TE I 24 O S .
de w a mo any rs 9 .
1 2 6 N OTES .
h e which it is hop ed to p ut on record in a future volume . Als o t long- neglected Old Church Tower of Ewell i s be ing repaired un der ’ his advice on b ehalf Of th e Bis hop of Guildford s Advis ory Com mittee a nd th e re ues of the s e b h e h as been n e ; at q t am ody, joi d Ar ur e n Of F rn in th es tora Mr . S e r with th t dma , a ham , n Of E urs C ur ere n lu ble an d al s unsus tio wh t h ch , wh ma y va a mo t e ae F ur er p cted medi val features have b een b rought to light . th d is coveries have al s o b een made in Thursley Church ; and at Beddington it h as now b een decided to b ring down th e b eautiful Roman lead coffin from an up s tairs choir ves try to b e p res erved k l ur in a suitab ly designed oa enc os ure in th e ch ch . I E REVI EWS AND NOT C S .
— im er 8 m Th e A r ch ae ol o of S ur r e . B . C . Wh s t s gy y y D , with ap d n t ll ra n en o . Ltd . 103 . . e . a nd us s . Me u C 6 5 3 i t tio th , Whil e antiqui ties of al l the early p eriod s are well up to th e er e i n S urre ere a re s e er l find s i n th e un mus av ag y, th v a co ty that t e e t h e en Of it s ne b urs a n d eser e e en m re en us s m xcit vy igh o , d v v o th ia
r t er h a n i n s b us nes s - l ke su m r of than M . Whims s Show thi i i m a y ’ t h e un s rem s Th e F rn m al molith s a n d th e co ty ot e p a t . a ha p Batters ea s hiel d are works of art unsurpas sed in their own wa y ; a nd t h e Weyb ridge b ucket a n d Wotton b owl s ar e of supreme r ae l al r n s er es i n re en ear s e l s a ch o ogic imp o ta ce . Di cov i c t y hav a o r e mu n n The u r d es not e l ai n l fe att act d ch atte tio . a tho o xp how i was ss bl e on s e re n e E s m s l s b ut th e p o i a it imp g at d with p o a t , e ns of the R n ll As e ere t h e er xcavatio oma vi a at ht ad, wh wat s u l wa s us n am n e h a s n re s e our l al kn l e e pp y th co t i at d , i c a d oc ow dg Of one p eriod a s much a s th e Mitcham a nd Guil down cemeteries ’ have enl arged our mat erial for th e identification of S urrey s firs t Teu n n b n s to ic i ha ita t . Everythi ng h a s b een extract ed from th e few historical references
t h e un i n re - N r n m I n s m dern to co ty p o ma ti es . ympathy with o ’ l l s s t h e u r s re s C mden s n e ur e Wim p hi o ogi t , a tho di c dit a co j ct that l ed n wa s th e s e of t h e b l e i n 68 a nd us el a s th e ea r h o it att 5 , th d y app n e Of S urr n th s f r But h l e s us a s a n e o e e o s . e e a c y tag hi to y av , e of l l n eres th e ffr Mer n i n 86 re r e i n t h e it m oca i t t , a ay at to 7 ( co d d
A n lo- S a xon Ch roni cl e un er or m re rr e l The g d 755 , o co ct y d e of C ne ulf k n of th e Wes S a ns es l es s re ath y w , i g t xo , do c dit to th e county (not then formed) than t h e d efeat Of th e Vikings at O kl e i n 8 1 if n ee Aclea es n ot b el n K en or H m c y 5 , i d d do o g to t a p s r m ma e . Th e n e S urre n er re e a s S u ern K n d hi am y , i t p t d o th i g o , y l a nn e n M l ese t h e n r Of th e r er L n n imp y co ctio with idd x to o th iv , o do b eing th e metr op olis s ince th e foundation of th e s ee a nd numerous finds i n Angl o - S axon cemet eries show that th e S ixth - century u n wa s S n not u s l ke th e ne b ur n k n occ patio axo , J ti h i igh o i g i gdom Of Ken t . The s cop e of the vol umes i n thi s s eries a nd t he S ize of page e b s et l m llus r ns b ut l l e re ul adopt d oth a i it to i t atio , a itt mo co d 127 I 2 8 RE EWS A N D N OT C ES VI I .
e b een m de of t he a ll e ed e l s on a e 1 l k hav a g o ith p g 7 , which oo like e a ed ee a nd a es l er th e r s r ar n e d c y t th ; two p g at , o t oc i at requir es a s us ual a n expl a natory di agram with th e t echn ical t erms a d ed i n r a r r a l d thei pp op i t e p aces . Thi s typ e of impl ement d oes not s eak for s elf a nd ca n nl b e re e b s e p it , o y app ciat d y tho who are bl e re n s e it n a n At t h h a to cog i s co st t features . e end of t e s e er one or l emen s fr Lim sfield m e am chapt , two imp t om p ight hav drawn attention to one of t h e most p uzzlin g p al aeolithic S it es i n th e un r e s e ll a s n o e u e es r n or ll us r n co t y , p cia y ad q at d c iptio i t atio of l thes e h as b een p ub is h ed . Th e gazett eer a n d app endices show tha t very l ittl e ha s b een m s s e and r ae l s s ma er a s n eff e th e em r i d , a ch o ogi t y p h p wa t to ac m o y Of a hoax p erp etrat ed i n t h e eight eenth centur y i n th e guis e of a Roman monumental ins cription s a id to ha ve b een foun d at Wotton ent M a L L 1 I . I V 0 V 2 680 C L n o . (G g , 4 3 5 , , vii , T ere are fa s ns i n r ae l a nd res en the E ar l r n h hio a ch o ogy , at p t y I o Ag e s o mon op olis es attention that it might have b een advisabl e r e r du e a s a n en ur e en ers i n ues Of n nen l to p o c , co ag m t to oth q t co ti ta n s t h e r m s of urns i n We b r e Mus eu A nti co tact , diag a two y idg m ( ua ri es ourna l V B ut l l r bl ems a re m re t h e n q J , , oca p o o to p oi t ’ a n d Mr Whims t er s r e l b s er es i n nn e n Caesa r s . h wd y o v , co ctio with r ss in Of th e T am es th e ke ill me i n th e fu ur e fr c o g h , that y w co t om a s tudy Of t h e l and ap proaches which have n ot changed greatly ’ s n e Caes ar s m e r er n fr m th e b ed Of t h e r er i c ti , ath tha o iv , which h Ca n th e un Ar ch l o cal e ma th e r a a s . Co ty a o gi Soci ty p o d that ’ mus t have l ed wes tward to t h e for d opp os ite Q ueen Eliza b eth s l a n a t K ew ar d ens e en if Bren f rd ea n s s e Of th e w G , v t o m t a p a ag r b u r n ot far ? F ur er can l al eff r d e d e th e t i ta y away th , oc o t ci ' cour s e taken by th e Stan e Street aft er l ea ving Mickl eh am Down s on it s way to th e Thames n ear Lon don Bridge ? A geological l u i n b Mr nr i n A nti ua ri es ourna l I V e s e . He e e c giv y y D w y q j , , 275 ; an d if th e l ine can b e fixed b etween Woodcot e Park a nd E ell it s s r r l n n ul n e th e S e Of L n n w , t aight p o o gatio wo d i dicat it o do B R m An r l ue i s t h e l n e Of th e Er i ne ridge in o an times . othe c i m S ree us a e re e the n r b nk Of t h e r er t t , which m t h v ach d o th a iv at a rr es n di n co po g p oint . Th e reader will recognis e s everal modern as pects of ar chaeology ’ in Mr Whims ter rk u as th e b ear n of e l l f r ns . s s wo , ch i g g o ogica o matio on p rimitive s ettl ement a nd the cons equent distrib ution of a nti ui r Th e n r s in n ns b e een the q ti es at vari ous pe iods . co t a t co ditio tw Weal d a n d th e n orthern hal f of th e coun ty i s well s een on p age 4 a n d there ar e map s s howing th e na tural woodl an d a nd op en s p a ces E r rks ar e i n conn ection with th e p rehistoric p eriods . a thwo ener ll s for e l r n b ut r r es s i s be n m e in g a y too va t xp o atio , p og i g ad
1 0 R E I EW S A N D N O T ES 3 V I C .
el eb ra ed rs e- r e i s Th e Oa ks a t one me th e r er Of c t ho ac , , ti p op ty
L rd erb . An e rl er u s e ull ed d n i n 18 was S o D y a i ho , p ow 53 , hort es Pl a e i r b a b l er ed i ts n me fr m fa m l h a s c , wh ch p o y d iv a o a i y w ich , Sir Henr s s was res en i n th e r s a s e rl y how , id t p a i h a y as 1332 at Th e i Of k l e s . e s The O s and the one o f S r es Pl e a t two v w a ho t ac ,
a e lrea d e are in Vol . X VI of ese Collecti on s which h v a y app d th , a re ere re r u e h p od c d . To th e s tuden t th e mos t val uab le s ection of this little work is b e n d a ll d ub d e l n th e l a e - n mes for ere the y o o t that a i g with p c a , h author h as b een ab l e to u s e hi s s pecial kn owl edge of local record s a d an a Man Of th e name to v t ge . y s that appear on th e tithe map h e i s a b l e r e ar e Of re an u s u as C berl n to p ov g at tiq ity , ch ham ai , ” ’ How reen Lockford s o a nd Brockl W es . On the G , o d , er n a n r b le field s u n am e as Downs iece an oth ha d , a a with ch a p d B otta ny Bay b ears unmistakab le evidence of recent convers ion ll a to ti ge . ’ But for al l th e u r s e en le rn n hi s l le s r i s a tho vid t a i g , itt hi to y em nen l rea able r u u and ell l ul e as h e es i t y d th o gho t , w ca c at d , hop , to help thos e who have come to live in th e p aris h to find in teres t in a nd ai n m n n it I n n th it to g s o e i sight i to s p as t . additio to e ill us trations men tioned ab ove there i s a view of the a n cient church a nd of th e ol - k r l d two dec e p u pit .
M. S . G .
A S h r t Hi s t r of E el l nd ons uch . B loud le o o y w a N y C es y S .
m . ul lin er 1 1 W lli s E s P . i . p o g , 93 The a uthor tells u s in hi s p refa ce that hi s p urpos e h as been to coll ect s omething of th e life Of G eorgian and Victorian Ewell before ' t ra dition dies out a nd to connect i t with wha t h as b ee n record ed o n ur Th e rk was rt d n and h as in f f s e es . p a t c t i wo wo h oi g , it act
Mr . ll s s e fam l h a s b een nne e W b een ell n e . W w do i i , who i y co ct d ith E ell for n ear l en ur a nd lf r es the n m e w y a c t y a ha , w it with i ti at kn led e a nd s m a mes Of l n res en e a nd ow g y p athy th t co o g id c , inevitably — with a feelin g of regret for th e changes which are in
r r es s s me of s er e no us eful ur s e . F or ns n e all p og , o which v p p o i ta c , s e are e e b S l r s le sms Cools d on for COleS don tho who v x d y imi a o ci ( , Ca er am for Ca tterh am Cars l n for Casehort on or C rs al n t h , ha to a h to ) will agree with hi s ob j ection to th e p ronunciation Nons uch n h e un of th e l a e i s reful a nd ins tead of N o esuch . T acco t p a c ca n eres n an d u a b k er n s o u r un d n ns i t ti g , tho gh oo cov i g m ch g o co tai ne es s r l s me s li s or di s u ble s a emen s e see b e c a i y o p p ta t t t , th y m to n be very few in um r .
H . . L R E EW S A N D N OT C ES 1 VI I . 3 1
B e on e h i d n fol h h r ch nd h u r c h r y g C d i g d t e C u a C ya d . By e on e Ch i d d in fol d E t r a ct s from th e P a r i s h Re i s te r s g g x g . Di r ect o h i d d n fol H r a nd Guid e t o C i d . B . Lu k y g y W . c . C ddi n f l the e rl es l e in En l n of we e hi g o d , a i t p ac g a d which hav
record in pos t - Conques t times a s a centre of th e glas sma king nd us r i s ed e ll one of th e m s n eres n r s es i n i t y , m i va y o t i t ti g p a i h Surre fr th e e n m n of ew and h as l n n e its y om co o ic p oi t Vi , o g wa t d s r n l b e e ed a h e R i s e r re t ev T. S e . r . C r hi to ia It g at y to g tt th t . oop , a f r er H n r S e re r Of s S e di d not li e ut o m o o ary c ta y thi oci ty , v to p the vas t collections of material s h e had for ma ny y ears S O lab or i ously comp iled towards a his tory of the p arish into form for p ublica n b ut the er al a s we kn i s all ere and en reful tio mat i , ow, th , giv a ca ed r l no l k ubl e r f ur ble me Mea n s u t s r i n e s . ito , ho d ac a p i h mo avo a ti le we ma el me th e ubl s ri a nd n u r a n e l Of whi , y w co p ic p i t a tiq a i z a the ll a e s ma s er in ese l le b ks h a s ken the vi g p o t t , who th itt oo ta Opp ortunity to p ut into p rin t a very cons idera ble amount Of unp ub lis hed matter relative to the his tory of the p aris h which m l b n e ma ue s fr ight otherwis e very easi y have ee lost . W y g s om hi n d fr m h e a s umer us referen es Mr . C er a n t f h e o c to oop , o ct that d ed es th e s e n of th e b e b kle s his e r h e icat co d a ov oo t to m mo y , that h a s b een a ll ed a ke s me us e of his ma er a ls u wh ow to m o t i , tho gh y he Should p ers is t in adding to his n ame the cryp tic initial s is m r Mr er as Of urse fell of th e S e s e . C w a y t y . oop co a ow oci ty of An tiquaries . Th e titles of the firs t two of these little b ooks sufficiently expla in the na ure of e n en s The a un of the ur n lud es t th ir co t t . cco t ch ch i c d l s Of th e re rs s me d es r n Of the r n a l a goo i t cto , with o c ip tio p i cip Ob e s of a n u r n n eres in th e b u ld n n es Of the ins cri j ct tiq a ia i t t i i g , ot p ns in th e ur rd a nd l s Of s e n b n s fell in tio ch chya , a i t tho i ha ita t who h I n th e re r th e s r al ma er i s er s t e re Wa r . G at Di cto y hi to ic tt , p hap n urall fr m th e na ure Of th e rk n ers ersed the l es at y o t wo , i t p with at t l l nf rm n a nd the er s emen s b ut en e ra ed oca i o atio adv ti t , wh xt ct will b e found to conta in quite a large quantity of very valuable a nd o - oi - - n n Th e s e n e l n the l l ut th e way i formatio . ctio d a i g with oca fa rm - na m a b e e ll mmen e es m y s p cia y co d d . Lu k ll b e en ur e n nue his We hop e that Mr . c wi co ag d to co ti good rk a nd er s s me d a e us a ll his ma er a ls i n full wo , p hap o y giv t i a y diges ted form a nd in a s ingl e volume more adap ted for p ermanent res er n p vatio . M S . . G .
Wi l li a m of O ckh a m a nd J oa ch i m t h e Ph il os op h e r a nd th e
D . F . A r . S . P r o h t K l e D . e . B . . P p y J oy , , Of l Flo er This i s th e sub s tance a ec ture which Dr . y gave at 1 2 R E EW S A N D N OT CES 3 VI I .
O k and as s e n out the kn n fa s Of the l fe a nd ea n s c ham , tti g ow ct i t chi g of one of th e mos t famous natives of our county in medieval times we el e hi s n u ell ut n F or w com havi g tho ght w to p it i to p rint . W ll am of O k m one of th e r e es of th e schoohn en was b rn i i c ha , g at t , o O k r b b l b u 12 0 and i s sai e s en hi s at c ham p o a y a o t 7 , d to hav p t e n n fr r f b e n l youth with th Domi ica ia s at Guild ord . S u s que t y h e s s es out of our l l ken and his es bel n far er pa oca , activiti o g to a wid rld M s Of u now er ke nl wo . o t s p hap s ta o y a n academic interes t i n the d is s ens ions of the s ch oohnen a nd the teachings of their a r us s ls u we ma n e s me sens e of l l v io choo , tho gh y ot with o oca satis fa ction that th e influence of Ockham s eems to have p ersis ted l n er n of s of th e ers his rk on th e S ram en o g tha that mo t oth , wo ac t of the Alta r having b e en a s our ce of help to Luther a nd th e G erman f en in our own d a Dr Pl er ell hi e re r ers . E . s us s ri es o m v y , oy t , th o re ar the em r l er of the P e a re s ill l an d with g d to t po a p ow op t vita , his l s a l O n ns e b een u e b ir e e n phi o ophic p i io hav q ot d y S Jam s J a s .
M. S . G .
d K n d om of e s s ; n n E . . L n Th e Ki gs a i g W ex By W . St awre ce h P A Re r n f D . M. C . S . . e r th e S outh E F nn M. a stern i y , , p i t d om i uar 1 1 N a tura li st a nd Ant . q y , 93 This i s a Pres identia l addres s to th e Archaeological S ection of th e Congres s Of th e South Eas tern Union Of Scientific Societies at
W n es er d el ere in une 1 1 . es su n un i ch t , iv d J 93 It giv a cci ct acco t Of the K n m fr m Cerd A els a n a nd refers K n s n i gdo o ic to th t , to i g to of n n d es not e s e e l e ll a s the place coro atio . It o oth rwi d a s p cia y e Wi th Surr y . H L . .
r h M r B n o ca l Gu d e t o t h e Pa s Ch u ch of S t . a ed d Hi s t ri i i r y , i g Pr e r s o r r e . 1 1 . . t n , S u y 93 ic ’ We gather from th e Rector s p reface to this little gui de that the M les r R ber s a nd we uld n r ul e H . V . r er i s Mr . w it o wo th o t , wo co g at at him on having s upplied th e vis itor to this really interes ting church in th e near neighb our hood of London with p recis ely what h e needs to point out it s p rincip al features and th e more s alient facts of its r Th e r e ure of the r us r s Of the b u l n is his to y . a chit ct va io p a t i di g le rl an d su n l d es r b e and d r un l n re l c a y cci ct y c i d, a goo g o d p a , a a
d e id eraturn in all s u rks s s n e th e er of e r . s ch wo , how at o c p iod ach p a t I n di n s l n ere a re f ur ll us ra ns a nd the ui e ad tio to thi p a th o i t tio , g d concludes with a lis t of the rectors from the thirteenth century .
1 D D T O N S TO S R R E S E S 34 A I I U Y MU UM .
I n addition to the p res entations to the Lib rary noted in ’ ’ the C un l s Annual Re r mus b e e Br le s Hi stor o ci po t , t add d ay y y u a n R e b n l f in o S rre E e d e s Edmu W r M. A . f y , dit d vi d y d a o d, , 4 l umes r fus el llus r e res en e b M s s M Bu ler Th e vo p o y i t at d , p t d y i . t , F s n s S urb n and An Act for m r n a nd kee n i hp o d , ito , i p ovi g p i g i n rep air th e Road l eading from Kings ton - up on - Thames i n the County of S urrey and th e Sh eetb ridge i n th e County Of S outhamp ton 182 res en e b Dr A H W lker 3 p t d y . . . a .
- - K INGSTON UPON THAMES .
lin of ea r n Echi nocor s scutati s F t Cas t S U chi ( y ) . nulu ditto (Co s ) . ditto (M i cra ster) alk Fli n Fossil Sponge from Upp er Ch t . ll (All the ab ove found at Ewe . ) mbe Boundary Pos t from Coo . Mu b rid Bronze Memorial to Eadweard y ge .
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