Marine Glycosides

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Marine Glycosides marine drugs Marine Glycosides Edited by Thomas E Adrian, Francisco Sarabia and Ivan Cheng-Sanchez Printed Edition of the Special Issue Published in Marine Drugs www.mdpi.com/journal/marinedrugs Marine Glycosides Marine Glycosides Special Issue Editors Thomas E Adrian Francisco Sarabia Ivan Cheng-Sanchez MDPI • Basel • Beijing • Wuhan • Barcelona • Belgrade Special Issue Editors Thomas E Adrian Francisco Sarabia Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Malaga Dubai, UAE Spain Ivan Cheng-Sanchez University of Malaga Spain Editorial Office MDPI St. Alban-Anlage 66 4052 Basel, Switzerland This is a reprint of articles from the Special Issue published online in the open access journal Marine Drugs (ISSN 1660-3397) from 2017 to 2018 (available at: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/ marinedrugs/special issues/marine glycosides) For citation purposes, cite each article independently as indicated on the article page online and as indicated below: LastName, A.A.; LastName, B.B.; LastName, C.C. Article Title. Journal Name Year, Article Number, Page Range. ISBN 978-3-03897-902-9 (Pbk) ISBN 978-3-03897-903-6 (PDF) c 2019 by the authors. Articles in this book are Open Access and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. The book as a whole is distributed by MDPI under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons license CC BY-NC-ND. Contents About the Special Issue Editors ..................................... vii Preface to ”Marine Glycosides” ..................................... ix Kevin Calabro, Elaheh Lotfi Kalahroodi, Daniel Rodrigues, Caridad D´ıaz, Mercedes de la Cruz, Bastien Cautain, R´emi Laville, Fernando Reyes, Thierry P´erez, Bassam Soussi and Olivier P. Thomas Poecillastrosides, Steroidal Saponins from the Mediterranean Deep-Sea Sponge Poecillastra compressa (Bowerbank, 1866) Reprinted from: Mar. Drugs 2017, 15, 199, doi:10.3390/md15070199 ................. 1 Alexandra S. Silchenko, Anatoly I. Kalinovsky, Sergey A. Avilov, Vladimir I. Kalinin, Pelageya V. Andrijaschenko, Pavel S. Dmitrenok, Ekaterina A. Chingizova, Svetlana P. Ermakova, Olesya S. Malyarenko and Tatyana N. Dautova Nine New Triterpene Glycosides, Magnumosides A1–A4,B1,B2,C1,C2 and C4, from the Vietnamese Sea Cucumber Neothyonidium (=Massinium) magnum: Structures and Activities against Tumor Cells Independently and in Synergy with Radioactive Irradiation Reprinted from: Mar. Drugs 2017, 15, 256, doi:10.3390/md15080256 ................. 13 Roman S. Popov, Natalia V. Ivanchina, Alexandra S. Silchenko, Sergey A. Avilov, Vladimir I. Kalinin, Igor Yu. Dolmatov, Valentin A. Stonik and Pavel S. Dmitrenok Metabolite Profiling of Triterpene Glycosides of the Far Eastern Sea Cucumber Eupentacta fraudatrix and Their Distribution in Various Body Components Using LC-ESI QTOF-MS Reprinted from: Mar. Drugs 2017, 15, 302, doi:10.3390/md15100302 ................. 35 Muhammad Abdul Mojid Mondol, Hee Jae Shin, M. Aminur Rahman and Mohamad Tofazzal Islam Sea Cucumber Glycosides: Chemical Structures, Producing Species and Important Biological Properties Reprinted from: Mar. Drugs 2017, 15, 317, doi:10.3390/md15100317 ................. 52 Yeon-Ju Lee, Saem Han, Su Hyun Kim, Hyi-Seung Lee, Hee Jae Shin, Jong Seok Lee and Jihoon Lee Three New Cytotoxic Steroidal Glycosides Isolated from Conus pulicarius Collected in Kosrae, Micronesia Reprinted from: Mar. Drugs 2017, 15, 379, doi:10.3390/md15120379 ................. 87 Thomas E. Adrian and Peter Collin The Anti-Cancer Effects of Frondoside A Reprinted from: Mar. Drugs 2018, 16, 64, doi:10.3390/md16020064 .................. 95 Yunyang Lu, Hu Li, Minchang Wang, Yang Liu, Yingda Feng, Ke Liu and Haifeng Tang Cytotoxic Polyhydroxysteroidal Glycosides from Starfish Culcita novaeguineae Reprinted from: Mar. Drugs 2018, 16, 92, doi:10.3390/md16030092 ..................111 Chun Gui, Yena Liu, Zhenbin Zhou, Shanwen Zhang, Yunfeng Hu, Yu-Cheng Gu, Hongbo Huang and Jianhua Ju Angucycline Glycosides from Mangrove-Derived Streptomyces diastaticus subsp. SCSIO GJ056 Reprinted from: Mar. Drugs 2018, 16, 185, doi:10.3390/md16060185 .................121 v Ariana A. Vasconcelos and Vitor H. Pomin Marine Carbohydrate-Based Compounds with Medicinal Properties Reprinted from: Mar. Drugs 2018, 16, 233, doi:10.3390/md16070233 .................132 Iv´an Cheng-S´anchez and Francisco Sarabia Chemistry and Biology of Bioactive Glycolipids of Marine Origin Reprinted from: Mar. Drugs 2018, 16, 294, doi:10.3390/md16090294 .................160 Yadollah Bahrami, Wei Zhang and Christopher M. M. Franco Distribution of Saponins in the Sea Cucumber Holothuria lessoni; the Body Wall Versus the Viscera, and Their Biological Activities Reprinted from: Mar. Drugs 2018, 16, 423, doi:10.3390/md16110423 .................212 Aihong Peng, Xinying Qu, Fangyuan Liu, Xia Li, Erwei Li and Weidong Xie Angucycline Glycosides from an Intertidal Sediments Strain Streptomyces sp. and Their Cytotoxic Activity against Hepatoma Carcinoma Cells Reprinted from: Mar. Drugs 2018, 16, 470, doi:10.3390/md16120470 .................242 vi About the Special Issue Editors Thomas E Adrian, Professor of Physiology, trained at the Royal Postgraduate Medical School (Imperial College School of Medicine) in London where he received his Ph.D. and M.R.C.Path. He moved to Yale University as director of the GI Surgical Research Laboratory, then to Creighton University in Omaha, Nebraska as Professor and head of the Physiology Division and Research Director in the Cancer Center, and then to Northwestern University School of Medicine in Chicago, where he was the Edward Elcock Professor and Director of Gastrointestinal Cancer Research. In 2006, he moved to Al Ain as Professor and Chairman of the Department of Physiology, College of Medicine at United Arab Emirates University. In 2018, he moved to the new College of Medicine at MBRU in Dubai. Professor Adrian has published more than 400 scholarly articles in peer-reviewed journals (Citations > 25,000; h-index = 80) and more than 80 reviews and book chapters. Francisco Sarabia, Full Professor in Organic Chemistry, received his PhD degree from the University of Malaga´ (Spain) in 1994 under the supervision of Prof. Lopez-Herrera.´ After postdoctoral research with Prof. K. C. Nicolaou at the Scripps Research Institute in La Jolla (1995–1997), he returned to the University of Malaga´ in 1998 as an Assistant Professor, where he was promoted to Full Professor in 2011. Prof. Sarabia was employed as a Visiting Professor at the Technological Institute of Zurich¨ (ETH) in 1998 with Prof. A. Vasella, The Scripps Research Institute in 2001 with Prof. Nicolaou, and Scripps Florida in 2013 with Prof. W. R. Roush. His research interests include the total synthesis of natural products, the development of new synthetic methodologies, and the medicinal chemistry and discovery of new bioactive compounds of marine origin. He has been the Chairman of the Department of Organic Chemistry since 2014 and is responsible for the NMR facilities of the University of Malaga.´ Ivan Cheng-Sanchez, Research Associate, was born in Malaga´ (Spain) in 1992. He received his B.Sc. in Chemistry in 2014 and his M.Sc. in Chemistry in 2015 from the University of Malaga´ after conducting research in the laboratories of Prof. F. Sarabia. In November 2015 he started his Ph.D. studies under the guidance of Prof. F. Sarabia at the same university. In 2017 he joined the laboratories of Prof. C. Nevado at the University of Zurich for three months, where he was involved in the synthesis of novel ATAD2 bromodomain inhibitors for cancer treatment. His research interests include the total synthesis of natural products, the design and synthesis of new bioactive agents inspired by natural products, and medicinal chemistry. vii Preface to ”Marine Glycosides” This Special Issue of Marine Drugs highlights the chemistry, biology, and medicinal applications of recently discovered marine glycosides. Featuring a wide structural diversity and challenging molecular frameworks, these natural products exhibit a broad range of biological activities, which have propelled them as potential and promising leads in Medicinal Chemistry, prompting a great interest in scientific and medical circles. The papers included in this Special Issue have been written by authors who are leading experts in the field, and cover the isolation, structural elucidation, and/or biological evaluation of new glycosides of marine origin, including novel angucycline-, polyhydroxysteroidal-, steroidal saponin-, and sulfated triterpene-type glycosides, among others. The distribution of saponins and triterpene glycosides in sea cucumbers is also discussed. In addition, this Special Issue is supplemented by four reviews focused on the anticancer effects of Frondoside A, sea cucumber glycosides, marine carbohydrate-based compounds with medicinal properties, and the chemistry and biology of bioactive glycolipids of marine origin. Thomas E Adrian, Francisco Sarabia, Ivan Cheng-Sanchez Special Issue Editors ix marine drugs Article Poecillastrosides, Steroidal Saponins from the Mediterranean Deep-Sea Sponge Poecillastra compressa (Bowerbank, 1866) Kevin Calabro 1,2, Elaheh Lotfi Kalahroodi 3, Daniel Rodrigues 3,4, Caridad Díaz 5, Mercedes de la Cruz 5, Bastien Cautain 5,Rémi Laville 2, Fernando Reyes
Recommended publications
  • Redalyc.Proximate Composition of Marine Invertebrates from Tropical
    Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research E-ISSN: 0718-560X [email protected] Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso Chile Diniz, Graciela S.; Barbarino, Elisabete; Oiano-Neto, João; Pacheco, Sidney; Lourenço, Sergio O. Proximate composition of marine invertebrates from tropical coastal waters, with emphasis on the relationship between nitrogen and protein contents Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research, vol. 42, núm. 2, mayo, 2014, pp. 332-352 Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso Valparaíso, Chile Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=175031018005 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Lat. Am. J. Aquat. Res., 42(2): 332-352, 2014 Chemical composition of some marine invertebrates 332 1 “Proceedings of the 4to Brazilian Congress of Marine Biology” Sergio O. Lourenço (Guest Editor) DOI: 10.3856/vol42-issue2-fulltext-5 Research Article Proximate composition of marine invertebrates from tropical coastal waters, with emphasis on the relationship between nitrogen and protein contents Graciela S. Diniz1,2, Elisabete Barbarino1, João Oiano-Neto3,4, Sidney Pacheco3 & Sergio O. Lourenço1 1Departamento de Biologia Marinha, Universidade Federal Fluminense Caixa Postal 100644, CEP 24001-970, Niterói, RJ, Brazil 2Instituto Virtual Internacional de Mudanças Globais-UFRJ/IVIG, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Rua Pedro Calmon, s/nº, CEP 21945-970, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil 3Embrapa Agroindústria de Alimentos, Laboratório de Cromatografia Líquida Avenida das Américas, 29501, CEP 23020-470, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil 4Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, Rodovia Washington Luiz, km 234, Caixa Postal 339, CEP 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil ABSTRACT.
    [Show full text]
  • St. Mary's Catholic Church Cemetery Record of Mt. Calvary Cemetery, Grand Rapids, MI
    St. Mary's Catholic Church Cemetery record of Mt. Calvary Cemetery, Grand Rapids, MI. Last name First name Lot # Block Grave # Date of Burial Owner Comments Abram Joseph J. SE E 1 7.31.1950 Mary Abram Paid $75 Aug 1, 1950 Abram Mary SE E 2 1.18.1954 Mary Abram Paid $75 Aug 1, 1950 Absmeir Carl 30 E 1 10.18.1956 Absmeir C. Absmeir Marie 30 E 2 6.9.1955 Absmeir C. Absmeir Baby 144 C 1 4.13.1924 Absmeir, Elsie 1 grave Adams Baby 1 1 6.4.1942 Adams Row 3 Grave 5 Adrian Mary B. 54 C 1 8.12.1930 Adrian, Miss North East Quarter 3 graves Albers Louis 79 D 1 5.15.1928 Albers, Louis Albers Margaret 79 D 2 10.5.1937 Albers, Louis Albert Thersea 198 D 4 10.16.1956 Alberts, Thersea West Half Albert 1453 4th St. To last owner Parrett by Albert Margaret 188 1 3 11.2.1949 Leitelt, Joseph & Dora Albert, Margaret wiever (Noterized) of all other heirs Alberts Patricia 198 D 1 1.24.1931 Alberts, Thersea West Half E Alberts Katherine 262 1 1 11.12.1910 Alberts, Adam East Half Lot is full. Alberts Adam 262 1 2 5.3.1930 Alberts, Adam East Half Lot is full. Alberts Emma 262 1 3 10.3.1906 Alberts, Adam East Half Lot is full. Alden Jr. Charles Robert 328 D 1 2.24.1941 Alden, Chas. Robt. 1 Grave Aldrich Ella B. 79 3 2 7.12.1941 VanHoeven, Helen South Half Aleszkiewicz Frances 26 3 2 7.16.1937 Graczyk, Frank Aleszkiewicz Vincent 26 3 3 5.29.1929 Graczyk, Frank Alexzkrewicz Joseph S.
    [Show full text]
  • Gem-Diamine 1-N-Iminosugars As Versatile Glycomimetics: Synthesis, Biological Activity and Therapeutic Potential
    The Journal of Antibiotics (2009) 62, 407–423 & 2009 Japan Antibiotics Research Association All rights reserved 0021-8820/09 $32.00 www.nature.com/ja REVIEW ARTICLE Gem-diamine 1-N-iminosugars as versatile glycomimetics: synthesis, biological activity and therapeutic potential Yoshio Nishimura Iminosugars, which carry a basic nitrogen in the carbohydrate ring, have attracted increasing interest as new glycomimetics. Gem-diamine 1-N-iminosugars, a new class of iminosugars, have a nitrogen atom in place of the anomeric carbon. Various kinds of 1-N-iminosugars have been synthesized from glyconolactones as a chiral source in a totally stereospecific manner and/or by the convergent strategy from siastatin B, a secondary metabolite of Streptomyces. The protonated form of 1-N-iminosugar mimics the charge at the anomeric position in the transition state of enzymatic glycosidic hydrolysis, resulting in a strong and specific inhibition of glycosidases and glycosyltransferases. They have been recently recognized as a new source of therapeutic drug candidates in a wide range of diseases associated with the carbohydrate metabolism of glycoconjugates, such as tumor metastasis, influenza virus infection, lysosomal storage disorder and so forth. The Journal of Antibiotics (2009) 62, 407–423; doi:10.1038/ja.2009.53; published online 3 July 2009 Keywords: glycosidase inhibitor; heparanase inhibitor; influenza virus infection; lysosomal storage disease; 1-N-iminosugar; siastatin B; tumor metastasis INTRODUCTION form of gem-diamine 1-N-iminosugar 6 may mimic the putative Iminosugars, which are carbohydrate analogs that most frequently glycopyranosyl cation 7 that was formed during enzymatic glycosidic carry the nitrogen atom at the position of the endocyclic oxygen, form hydrolysis (Figure 2).
    [Show full text]
  • Heparin - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
    Heparin - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heparin From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Heparin (from Ancient Greek ηπαρ (hepar), liver), also Heparin known as unfractionated heparin, a highly-sulfated glycosaminoglycan, is widely used as an injectable anticoagulant, and has the highest negative charge density of any known biological molecule.[1] It can also be used to form an inner anticoagulant surface on various experimental and medical devices such as test tubes and renal dialysis machines. Although used principally in medicine for anticoagulation, the true physiological role in the body remains unclear, because blood anti-coagulation is achieved mostly by heparan sulfate proteoglycans derived from endothelial cells.[2] Heparin is usually stored within the secretory granules of mast cells and released only into the vasculature at sites of tissue injury. It has been proposed that, rather than anticoagulation, the main purpose of heparin is defense at such sites against invading bacteria and other foreign materials.[3] In addition, it is conserved across a number of widely different species, including some invertebrates that do not have a similar blood coagulation system. Systematic (IUPAC) name see Heparin structure Clinical data AHFS/Drugs.com monograph 1 Heparin structure Pregnancy cat. C 1.1 Abbreviations Legal status ? 1.2 Three-dimensional structure Routes i.v., s.c. 2 Medical use Pharmacokinetic data 2.1 Mechanism of Action 2.2 Administration Bioavailability nil 2.3 Production Metabolism hepatic 2.4
    [Show full text]
  • Investigating the Antimicrobial Potential of Thalassomonas
    Investigating the antimicrobial potential of Thalassomonas actiniarum By Fazlin Pheiffer A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape Supervisor: Prof Marla Trindade Co-supervisor: Dr Leonardo van Zyl 2020 http://etd.uwc.ac.za/ Declaration Declaration I, Fazlin Pheiffer, hereby declare that ‘Investigating the antimicrobial potential of Thalassomonas actiniarum’ is my own work, that it has not been submitted for any degree or examination in any other university, and that all the sources I have used or quoted have been indicated and acknowledged by complete references. Date: 16 March 2021 Signed: i http://etd.uwc.ac.za/ Abstract Abstract The World Health Organisation predicts that by the year 2050, 10 million people could die annually as a result of infections caused by multidrug resistant bacteria. Individuals with compromised immune systems, caused by underlying disease such as HIV, MTB and COVID-19, are at a greater risk. Antibacterial resistance is a global concern that demands the discovery of novel drugs. Natural products, used since ancient times to treat diseases, are the most successful source of new drug candidates with bioactivities including antibiotic, antifungal, anticancer, antiviral, immunosuppressive, anti-inflammatory and biofilm inhibition. Marine bioprospecting has contributed significantly to the discovery of novel bioactive NPs with unique structures and biological activities, superior to that of compounds from terrestrial origin. Marine invertebrate symbionts are particularly promising sources of marine NPs as the competition between microorganisms associated with invertebrates for space and nutrients is the driving force behind the production of antibiotics, which also constitute pharmaceutically relevant natural products.
    [Show full text]
  • Anticancer Drug Discovery from Microbial Sources: the Unique Mangrove Streptomycetes
    molecules Review Anticancer Drug Discovery from Microbial Sources: The Unique Mangrove Streptomycetes Jodi Woan-Fei Law 1, Lydia Ngiik-Shiew Law 2, Vengadesh Letchumanan 1 , Loh Teng-Hern Tan 1, Sunny Hei Wong 3, Kok-Gan Chan 4,5,* , Nurul-Syakima Ab Mutalib 6,* and Learn-Han Lee 1,* 1 Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery (NBDD) Research Group, Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; [email protected] (J.W.-F.L.); [email protected] (V.L.); [email protected] (L.T.-H.T.) 2 Monash Credentialed Pharmacy Clinical Educator, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville 3052, VIC, Australia; [email protected] 3 Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China; [email protected] 4 Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia 5 International Genome Centre, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China 6 UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), UKM Medical Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia * Correspondence: [email protected] (K.-G.C.); [email protected] (N.-S.A.M.); [email protected] (L.-H.L.) Academic Editor: Owen M. McDougal Received: 8 October 2020; Accepted: 13 November 2020; Published: 17 November 2020 Abstract: Worldwide cancer incidence and mortality have always been a concern to the community. The cancer mortality rate has generally declined over the years; however, there is still an increased mortality rate in poorer countries that receives considerable attention from healthcare professionals.
    [Show full text]
  • Her Majesty the Queen PROGRAMME of the Sixty-Fourth Annual Mod
    P. >wAel.2S^ An Comunn Gaidhealach Patron : Her Majesty The Queen PROGRAMME OF THE SIXTY FOURTH ANNUAL MOD Glasgow/2-6 October 1967 <4s> ©tan Meet'tfixmeo ★ For Complete Photographic Coverage Of The Mod ★ ON SALE IN GLASGOW ON THURSDAY THE NEWSPAPER HIGHLANDERS READ FOR NEWS OF THE HIGHLANDS A MATTER OF Balance There is an easier, and much more sensible way to maintain a good footing in money matters; open a Clydesdale Bank Current Account, with a cheque book of your own, and enjoy modern banking facilities. The Bank's up-to-date accountancy systems will show you a clear picture of your income/expenditure balance. The Manager of your nearest Branch of the Clydesdale Bank will be happy to explain the Bank's services in detail, including the Midland Bank Group £30 Cheque Card. Clydesdale Bank Ltd Ob HEAD OFFICE : 30 St Vincent Place Glasgow C 1 OVER 350 BRANCHES FROM THE SOLWAY TO SHETLAND — i — Air son a’ Phiob Mhor agus Aodach na Gaidhealtachd do n Bhuth GRAINGER agus CAMPBELL LTD. 1191-1193 SRAID EARRA-GHAIDHEAL GLASCHU, C.3. Telefon : Central 9103 AN COMUNN G AID HEAL AC H Patron: Her Majesty The Queen PROGRAMME of the Sixty-Fourth Annual Mod CONTENTS PAGE Programme ■ 5 Executive and Regional Councils • 7 Facal bho’n Cheann Suidhe 9 Traditional Gaelic Song II Time-table 15 Street Plan 23 Junior Section—Written Competitions 25 Tuesday—Junior Section—Oral Delivery 27 Vocal Music ... 43 Instrumental Music 57 Senior Section—Written Competitions 63 Wednesday—Senior Section and Vocal Music 64 Thursday—Senior Section — Oral Delivery 75 Vocal Music 79 Clarsach Friday—Senior Section—Vocal Music 86 Instrumental Music 90 Winners of the Premier Competitions 93 — 3 — TODAY’S MEN OF ACTION ARE YOU GETTING ENOUGH OUT OF LIFEP Enough adventure? Travel? Prospects? See what life in today’s Army offers you For further details apply to Army Careers Information Office 518 Sauchiehall Street, Glasgow, C.2 Tel.
    [Show full text]
  • A Foundation for the Future
    A FOUNDATION FOR THE FUTURE INVESTORS REPORT 2012–13 NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY Dear alumni and friends, As much as this is an Investors Report, it is also living proof that a passion for collaboration continues to define the Kellogg community. Your collective support has powered the forward movement of our ambitious strategic plan, fueled development of our cutting-edge curriculum, enabled our global thought leadership, and helped us attract the highest caliber of students and faculty—all key to solidifying our reputation among the world’s elite business schools. This year, you also helped set a new record for alumni support of Kellogg. Our applications and admissions numbers are up dramatically. We have outpaced our peer schools in career placements for new graduates. And we have broken ground on our new global hub. Your unwavering commitment to everything that Kellogg stands for helps make all that possible. Your continuing support keeps us on our trajectory to transform business education and practice to meet the challenges of the new economy. Thank you for investing in Kellogg today and securing the future for generations of courageous leaders to come. All the best, Sally Blount ’92, Dean 4 KELLOGG.NORTHWESTERN.EDU/INVEST contentS 6 Transforming Together 8 Early Investors 10 Kellogg Leadership Circle 13 Kellogg Investors Leaders Partners Innovators Activators Catalysts who gave $1,000 to $2,499 who gave up to $1,000 99 Corporate Affiliates 101 Kellogg Investors by Class Year 1929 1949 1962 1975 1988 2001 1934 1950 1963 1976 1989 2002
    [Show full text]
  • Mapping of the Fondaparinux Binding Site of JR-FL Gp120 by High Resolution Hydroxyl Radical Protein Footprinting and Computational Docking Sandeep K
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/207910; this version posted October 23, 2017. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. Mapping of the Fondaparinux Binding Site of JR-FL gp120 by High Resolution Hydroxyl Radical Protein Footprinting and Computational Docking Sandeep K. Misra1, Amika Sood2, Paulo A. Soares3, Vitor H. Pomin3, Robert J. Woods2 and Joshua S. Sharp1* 1Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 2Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 3Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, University Hospital Clementino Fraga Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil *[email protected] bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/207910; this version posted October 23, 2017. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. Abstract The adhesion of HIV gp120 antigen to human cells is modulated in part by interactions with heparan sulfate. The HXB2 strain of gp120 has been shown to interact with heparin primarily through the V3 loop, although other domains including the C-terminal domain were also implicated. However, the JR-FL strain (representative of CCR5-interacting strains that make up newest infections) was shown to have a drastically lowered affinity to heparin due to the loss of several basic residues in the V3 loop, and deletion of the V3 loop in JR-FL gp120 was shown to abrogate some, but not all, heparin binding.
    [Show full text]
  • Echinoderm Research and Diversity in Latin America
    Echinoderm Research and Diversity in Latin America Bearbeitet von Juan José Alvarado, Francisco Alonso Solis-Marin 1. Auflage 2012. Buch. XVII, 658 S. Hardcover ISBN 978 3 642 20050 2 Format (B x L): 15,5 x 23,5 cm Gewicht: 1239 g Weitere Fachgebiete > Chemie, Biowissenschaften, Agrarwissenschaften > Biowissenschaften allgemein > Ökologie Zu Inhaltsverzeichnis schnell und portofrei erhältlich bei Die Online-Fachbuchhandlung beck-shop.de ist spezialisiert auf Fachbücher, insbesondere Recht, Steuern und Wirtschaft. Im Sortiment finden Sie alle Medien (Bücher, Zeitschriften, CDs, eBooks, etc.) aller Verlage. Ergänzt wird das Programm durch Services wie Neuerscheinungsdienst oder Zusammenstellungen von Büchern zu Sonderpreisen. Der Shop führt mehr als 8 Millionen Produkte. Chapter 2 The Echinoderms of Mexico: Biodiversity, Distribution and Current State of Knowledge Francisco A. Solís-Marín, Magali B. I. Honey-Escandón, M. D. Herrero-Perezrul, Francisco Benitez-Villalobos, Julia P. Díaz-Martínez, Blanca E. Buitrón-Sánchez, Julio S. Palleiro-Nayar and Alicia Durán-González F. A. Solís-Marín (&) Á M. B. I. Honey-Escandón Á A. Durán-González Laboratorio de Sistemática y Ecología de Equinodermos, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología (ICML), Colección Nacional de Equinodermos ‘‘Ma. E. Caso Muñoz’’, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Apdo. Post. 70-305, 04510, México, D.F., México e-mail: [email protected] A. Durán-González e-mail: [email protected] M. B. I. Honey-Escandón Posgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología (ICML), UNAM, Apdo. Post. 70-305, 04510, México, D.F., México e-mail: [email protected] M. D. Herrero-Perezrul Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ave.
    [Show full text]
  • Evidence for a Saponin Biosynthesis Pathway in the Body Wall of the Commercially Significant Sea Cucumber Holothuria Scabra
    Article Evidence for a Saponin Biosynthesis Pathway in the Body Wall of the Commercially Significant Sea Cucumber Holothuria scabra Shahida Akter Mitu 1, Utpal Bose 1,2,3, Saowaros Suwansa-ard 1, Luke H. Turner 1, Min Zhao 1, Abigail Elizur 1, Steven M. Ogbourne 1, Paul Nicholas Shaw 3 and Scott F. Cummins 1,* 1 Genecology Research Center, Faculty of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC 4558, Queensland, Australia; [email protected] (S.A.M.); [email protected] (U.B.); [email protected] (S.S.); [email protected] (L.H.T.); [email protected] (M.Z.); [email protected] (A.E.); [email protected] (S.M.O.) 2 CSIRO Agriculture and Food, St Lucia, Brisbane 4067, Queensland, Australia 3 School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4067, Queensland, Australia; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +61-7-5456-5501 Received: 9 August 2017; Accepted: 31 October 2017; Published: 7 November 2017 Abstract: The sea cucumber (phylum Echinodermata) body wall is the first line of defense and is well known for its production of secondary metabolites; including vitamins and triterpenoid glycoside saponins that have important ecological functions and potential benefits to human health. The genes involved in the various biosynthetic pathways are unknown. To gain insight into these pathways in an echinoderm, we performed a comparative transcriptome analysis and functional annotation of the body wall and the radial nerve of the sea cucumber Holothuria scabra; to define genes associated with body wall metabolic functioning and secondary metabolite biosynthesis.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Report 2012 Letter from Jonny
    ANNUAL REPORT 2012 LETTER FROM JONNY Imerman Angels in 2012 can best be described in one word, IMPACT. The impact that we have on cancer survivors, fighters and caregivers is why we are here and why we do what we do. Our team is responsible for making personalized 1-on-1 connections for lives touched by cancer. In 2012, our services helped individuals in all fifty states and in over sixty countries scattered all over the globe. I am proud of the team we have developed and the positive impact we continue to achieve. The success of our program enables the organization to grow in all aspects as a whole. Everyone who joins Imerman Angels, whether a survivor, fighter, caregiver or supporter, will help us reach our goal that ensures no one ever fights cancer alone. I sincerely want to thank everyone from the bottom of my heart who has helped this organization grow and get to where it is today. We would not be here without you. Thank you to the mentor angels who share their stories. Thank you to the staff who makes this all possible. Thank you to the volunteers and donors for your time and generosity. Thank you to everyone else who believes in our mission. The impact we have in the cancer community is felt around the world and we are on the road to ensure no one faces cancer alone. With love and respect, Jonny Imerman LETTER FROM JOHN 2012 Was another EXCITING year for Imerman Angels! We saw our program grow to all-time high levels.
    [Show full text]