DOCSLIB.ORG

Karizma-Luce-LB-Brochure.Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Karizma-Luce-LB-Brochure.Pdf INTRO. IN AN ENVIRONMENT WHERE HOSPITALITY AND A PERSONAL ATMOSPHERE PREVAIL, GOOD LIGHTING IS ALWAYS THE DECIDING FACTOR. KARIZMA LUCE ALLOWS YOU TO ENRICH THOSE SPACES WHERE PEOPLE ENJOY, WORK AND LIVE. IN THIS PRODUCT OVERVIEW YOU WILL FIND PLENTY 2 OF INSPIRATION TO TAKE YOUR AND EXTENSIVE KARIZMA LUCE LIGHTING PROJECT TO THE NEXT RANGE HAS EVERYTHING LEVEL. HIGHLIGHTED IS DEA YOU NEED TO EXCEED YOUR DELLA LUCE, THE GODDESS OF EXPECTATIONS. THIS PRODUCT LIGHT. THIS REVOLUTIONARY OVERVIEW INCLUDES THE LATEST LIGHTING LINE IS FULL OF PURE ADDITIONS TO THE KARIZMA LUCE LIGHT AND ELEGANCE, MAKING ASSORTMENT. THESE UPCOMING IT UNIQUE IN THE MARKET. IN PRODUCTS WILL BE AVAILABLE ADDITION, OUR HIGH-QUALITY SOON. 3 NEW; Q-LINE 48V SERIES Welcome to the world of miniature luminaires: the Q-line series from Dea della Luce. We created a new low voltage spotlight collection, more compact than ever before. The Q-line 48V track series excels in its versatility, efficiency and clean aesthetics. 4 NEW; TRIMLESS SERIES Say hello to our brand new trimless series. High performance downlights, in a plaster-in frame that allows them to blend seamlessly into your installation. These Dea della Luce luminaires are available in a choice of beam angles, colour fidelity options and accessories. 5 6 HIGHLIGHTED DEA DELLA LUCE. ADD A TOUCH OF MAGIC FROM ABOVE WITH DEA DELLA LUCE BY KARIZMA LUCE. THIS EXCLUSIVE LINE OFFERS LIGHTING THAT ISN’T LIMITED BY SIZE. THANKS TO A WIDE RANGE OF OPTIONS, YOU CAN TAKE ANY LIGHTING PROJECT IN THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY, OFFICES, OR LUXURY HOUSING SECTOR TO AN UNPRECEDENTED LEVEL. IT’S ALL ABOUT PURE LIGHT. POWERFUL AND REFINED. Never before has lighting been The reflectors are also available so at one with its surroundings. in 6 contemporary colours. This is because the LED light source Together with the deep-set light, and reflector are placed extra deep the tasteful design, and the ground- into the elegant fixture. The result: breaking specifications, this offers you can enjoy an experience a completely new lighting experience. of pure light. without noticing the light source or any glare. Sophisticated and yet powerful, This is not only magical, but as only a goddess can be. also unique in the market. 7 Dea Amata XS-L Dea Amor S-M Dea Amon* Dea Astarte* Dea Aditi* Dea Carmenta S-M Dea Ceres S-M Dea Concordia S-M Dea Cura XS-S* TRIMLESS TRIMLESS Dea Charon XS* Dea Diana XS-S Dea Devi S* TRIMLESS TRIMLESS Dea Dion S* Dea Durga XS* Dea Juno XS-M Housing colors Reflector colors black silver high high chrome white gold black gloss gloss matt 8 48V 48V 48V Dea Juno-Q XS-S* Dea Janus-Q XS* Dea Juventas-Q XS* 48V 48V 48V Dea Pele-Q* Dea Pallas-Q* Dea Pantos-Q* Dea Flora S-M Dea Fauna S-M Dea Fortuna S Dea Fides* Dea Fodla* Dea Fand* 48V Dea Feronia XS* Dea Vesta S-M Dea Vesta-Q XS-S* * Upcoming, available soon 9 RECESSED LUMINAIRES FIXED UPCOMING UPCOMING UPCOMING Dea Amata XS-L Dea Amor S-M Dea Amon Dea Astarte Dea Aditi Doccia Profondo S-L karizmaluce.com Muro Bordo Splendore Fasto Piccolo Lente Piccolo Emozione UPCOMING Scodella RECESSED LUMINAIRES ADJUSTABLE Find productspecifications on on productspecifications Find Dea Carmenta S-M Dea Ceres S-M Dea Concordia S-M Dolcemente M-L Solo M-L Gemello M-L Cira . Popolare Lente Popolare Luna Dimora Lente Dimora Minimo Lente Minimo Corsa Lente Corsa Piazza Lente Piazza Doppio Lente Doppio Forte UPCOMING UPCOMING Valore Grandezza Dea Cura XS-S Dea Charon XS-S Fontana Giovanni PRODUCT OVERVIEW PRODUCT 10 PRODUCT OVERVIEW PRODUCT RECESSED LUMINAIRES TRIMLESS UPCOMING UPCOMING UPCOMING Dea Diana XS-S Dea Devi S Dea Dion S Dea Durga XS LINEAR LUMINAIRES . Tre Sei Dodici Diciotto Dodici Track Diciotto Track Ventiquattro Track TRACK LUMINAIRES UPCOMING UPCOMING UPCOMING Find productspecifications on on productspecifications Find Dea Juno XS-M Dea Juno-Q XS-S Dea Janus-Q XS Dea Juventas-Q XS Vuoto Stretto Lusso UPCOMING UPCOMING UPCOMING UPCOMING Tesoro Dea Pele-Q Dea Pallas-Q Dea Pantos-Q Piatto Buccia SURFACE LUMINAIRES UPCOMING UPCOMING UPCOMING UPCOMING karizmaluce.com Dea Flora S-M Dea Fauna S-M Dea Fortuna S Dea Fides Dea Fodla Dea Fand Dea Feronia XS SUSPENDED LUMINAIRES UPCOMING Dea Vesta S-M Dea Vesta-Q XS-S Giusto Perla 11 KARIZMA LUCE B.V. SNEEKERMEER 4A 8502 TP JOURE THE NETHERLANDS +31 (0)513 226008 [email protected] KARIZMALUCE.COM 320.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Graham Jones
    Ni{ i Vizantija XIV 629 Graham Jones SEEDS OF SANCTITY: CONSTANTINE’S CITY AND CIVIC HONOURING OF HIS MOTHER HELENA Of cities and citizens in the Byzantine world, Constantinople and its people stand preeminent. A recent remark that the latter ‘strove in everything to be worthy of the Mother of God, to Whom the city was dedicated by St Constantine the Great in 330’ follows a deeply embedded pious narrative in which state and church intertwine in the city’s foundation as well as its subse- quent fortunes. Sadly, it perpetuates a flawed reading of the emperor’s place in the political and religious landscape. For a more nuanced and considered view we have only to turn to Vasiliki Limberis’ masterly account of politico-religious civic transformation from the reign of Constantine to that of Justinian. In the concluding passage of Divine Heiress: The Virgin Mary and the Creation of Christianity, Limberis reaffirms that ‘Constantinople had no strong sectarian Christian tradition. Christianity was new to the city, and it was introduced at the behest of the emperor.’ Not only did the civic ceremonies of the imperial cult remain ‘an integral part of life in the city, breaking up the monotony of everyday existence’. Hecate, Athena, Demeter and Persephone, and Isis had also enjoyed strong presences in the city, some of their duties and functions merging into those of two protector deities, Tyche Constantinopolis, tutelary guardian of the city and its fortune, and Rhea, Mother of the Gods. These two continued to be ‘deeply ingrained in the religious cultural fabric of Byzantium..
    [Show full text]
  • From Republic to Principate: Change and Continuity in Roman Coinage
    This electronic thesis or dissertation has been downloaded from the King’s Research Portal at https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/ From republic to principate change and continuity in Roman coinage Gyori, Victoria Awarding institution: King's College London The copyright of this thesis rests with the author and no quotation from it or information derived from it may be published without proper acknowledgement. END USER LICENCE AGREEMENT Unless another licence is stated on the immediately following page this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International licence. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ You are free to copy, distribute and transmit the work Under the following conditions: Attribution: You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). Non Commercial: You may not use this work for commercial purposes. No Derivative Works - You may not alter, transform, or build upon this work. Any of these conditions can be waived if you receive permission from the author. Your fair dealings and other rights are in no way affected by the above. Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 28. Sep. 2021 This electronic theses or dissertation has been downloaded from the King’s Research Portal at https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/ Title: From republic to principate change and continuity in Roman coinage Author: Victoria Gyori The copyright of this thesis rests with the author and no quotation from it or information derived from it may be published without proper acknowledgement.
    [Show full text]
  • CAPTURING MUSIC Writing and Singing Music in the Middle Ages THOMAS FORREST KELLY Morton B
    CAPTURING MUSIC Writing and Singing Music in the Middle Ages THOMAS FORREST KELLY Morton B. Knafel Professor of Music, Harvard University BLUE HERON Scot Metcalfe, direcor SATURDAY NOVEMBER 15, 2014 3 PM & 8 PM Firs Church in Cambridge, Congregational PROGRAM PART 2 at 8 pm Povre secors / Gaude chorus (Montpellier Codex, early 14th century) BG MB JM Capturing Music Diex qui porroit / En grant dolour (Montpellier Codex) Writing and Singing Music in the Middle Ages JM BG HARP Aucun ont trouvé / Lonc tans (Montpellier Codex) Tomas Forres Kelly Morton B. Knafel Professor of Music, Harvard University JM MB ST Blue Heron Scot Metcalfe, direcor Garrit gallus / In nova fert (Roman de Fauvel, 1314-18) IH MN SM Guillaume de Machaut (c. 1300-1377): Biauté qui toutes autres pere PART I at 3 pm OM JM MB Io son un pellegrin (14th century) Introit Ad te levavi OM ST soloist MB Jacob Senleches (f. 1380s): En atendant, Esperance conforte Introit Resurrexi OM CW SM soloist PT Baude Cordier (f. c. 1400): Belle, bonne, sage, plaisant et gente Alleluya Pascha nostrum MN CW SM soloist PG Johannes Ockeghem (c. 1420-1497): Kyrie, Missa prolationum Hymn Ut queant laxis MN IH JM MB Leoninus (f. 1180s-1200): Alleluya Pascha nostrum soloist JM Perotinus (f. c. 1200): Alleluya Pascha nostrum soloists MB & ST (Alleluya) / OM & JM (Pascha nostrum) Michael Barret, Brian Giebler, Paul Gutry, Ian Howell, Clausula Latus est (Magnus liber organi) Owen McIntosh, Jason McStoots, Martin Near, Mark Sprinkle, soloist MS Sumner Tompson, Paul Max Tipton, voices Motet Immolata paschali victima (Magnus liber organi) Charles Weaver, lute & voice MS JM Scot Metcalfe, director, harp & fddle Sumer is icumen in / Perspice Christicola (c.
    [Show full text]
  • The Roman Poets of the Augustan Age: Virgil by W
    The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Roman Poets of the Augustan Age: Virgil by W. Y. Sellar This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at http://www.gutenberg.org/license Title: The Roman Poets of the Augustan Age: Virgil Author: W. Y. Sellar Release Date: October 29, 2010 [Ebook 34163] Language: English ***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE ROMAN POETS OF THE AUGUSTAN AGE: VIRGIL*** THE ROMAN POETS OF THE AUGUSTAN AGE: VIRGIL. BY W. Y. SELLAR, M.A., LL.D. LATE PROFESSOR OF HUMANITY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH AND FELLOW OF ORIEL COLLEGE, OXFORD iv The Roman Poets of the Augustan Age: Virgil THIRD EDITION OXFORD AT THE CLARENDON PRESS OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS AMEN HOUSE, E.C. 4 London Edinburgh Glasgow New York Toronto Melbourne Capetown Bombay Calcutta Madras HUMPHREY MILFORD PUBLISHER TO THE UNIVERSITY vi The Roman Poets of the Augustan Age: Virgil IMPRESSION OF 1941 FIRST EDITION, 1877 THIRD EDITION, 1897 vii PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN TO E. L. LUSHINGTON, ESQ., D.C.L., LL.D., ETC. LATE PROFESSOR OF GREEK IN THE UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW. MY DEAR LUSHINGTON, Any old pupil of yours, in finishing a work either of classical scholarship or illustrative of ancient literature, must feel that he owes to you, probably more than to any one else, the impulse which directed him to these studies.
    [Show full text]
  • The Eternal Fire of Vesta
    2016 Ian McElroy All Rights Reserved THE ETERNAL FIRE OF VESTA Roman Cultural Identity and the Legitimacy of Augustus By Ian McElroy A thesis submitted to the Graduate School-New Brunswick Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey In partial fulfillment of the requirements For the degree of Master of Arts Graduate Program in Classics Written under the direction of Dr. Serena Connolly And approved by ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ New Brunswick, New Jersey October 2016 ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS The Eternal Fire of Vesta: Roman Cultural Identity and the Legitimacy of Augustus By Ian McElroy Thesis Director: Dr. Serena Connolly Vesta and the Vestal Virgins represented the very core of Roman cultural identity, and Augustus positioned his public image beside them to augment his political legitimacy. Through analysis of material culture, historiography, and poetry that originated during the principate of Augustus, it becomes clear that each of these sources of evidence contributes to the public image projected by the leader whom Ronald Syme considered to be the first Roman emperor. The Ara Pacis Augustae and the Res Gestae Divi Augustae embody the legacy the Emperor wished to establish, and each of these cultural works contain significant references to the Vestal Virgins. The study of history Livy undertook also emphasized the pathetic plight of Rhea Silvia as she was compelled to become a Vestal. Livy and his contemporary Dionysius of Halicarnassus explored the foundation of the Vestal Order and each writer had his own explanation about how Numa founded it. The Roman poets Virgil, Horace, Ovid, and Tibullus incorporated Vesta and the Vestals into their work in a way that offers further proof of the way Augustus insinuated himself into the fabric of Roman cultural identity by associating his public image with these honored priestesses.
    [Show full text]
  • Greek and Roman Mythology and Heroic Legend
    G RE E K AN D ROMAN M YTH O LOGY AN D H E R O I C LE GEN D By E D I N P ROFES SOR H . ST U G Translated from th e German and edited b y A M D i . A D TT . L tt LI ONEL B RN E , , TRANSLATOR’S PREFACE S Y a l TUD of Greek religion needs no po ogy , and should This mus v n need no bush . all t feel who ha e looked upo the ns ns and n creatio of the art it i pired . But to purify stre gthen admiration by the higher light of knowledge is no work o f ea se . No truth is more vital than the seemi ng paradox whi c h - declares that Greek myths are not nature myths . The ape - is not further removed from the man than is the nature myth from the religious fancy of the Greeks as we meet them in s Greek is and hi tory . The myth the child of the devout lovely imagi nation o f the noble rac e that dwelt around the e e s n s s u s A ga an. Coar e fa ta ie of br ti h forefathers in their Northern homes softened beneath the southern sun into a pure and u and s godly bea ty, thus gave birth to the divine form of n Hellenic religio . M c an c u s m c an s Comparative ythology tea h uch . It hew how god s are born in the mind o f the savage and moulded c nn into his image .
    [Show full text]
  • STATE TEMPLES INTRODUCED in ROME, 509-55 B.C.E
    APPENDIX ONE STATE TEMPLES INTRODUCED IN ROME, 509-55 B.c.E. DEITY DATE CIRCUMSTANCES VOWER $ SOURCE DEDICATOR Saturn 501-493 N. R. N. R. N. R. N.R. Mercury 495 N. R. N. R. N. R. centurion Ceres, LiberIa 493 DROUGHT, WAR (Latins) dictator booty (Sen.) consul Castor & Pollux 484 WAR (Latins: Lake Regillus) dictator N. R. duumvir (son) Dius Fidius 466 N. R. Tarquin N. R. consul Apollo 431 PLAGUE Senate? N. R. consul Mater Matuta 396 WAR (Veii) dictator N. R. N. R. Juno Regina (II) 392 WAR (Etruscans) dictator N. R. N. R. Mars 388 WAR (Gauls) N. R. N. R. duumvir s.f. Juno Lucina 375 N. R. N. R. N. R. N. R. Juno Moneta 344 WAR (Aurunci) dictator duumviri N. R. Concordia (I) 304 reconciling Orders aedile fines curule aedile Salus 302 WAR (Samnites) consul N. R. dictator (self) Vica Pota 4th c. N. R. N. R. N. R. N. R. Bellona 296 WAR (Samnites/Etruscans) consul N. R. N. R. Jupiter Victor 295 WAR (Samnites) consul N. R. N. R. Venus Obsequens 295 N. R. aedile fines N. R. Victoria 294 WAR (Samnites) aedile fines consul (self) Jupiter Stator 294 WAR (Samnites) consul duumviri N. R. Appendix 1 (cont.) 1\.:) 0 0 DEI1Y DATE CIRCUMSTANCES VOWER $ SOURCE DEDICATOR Quirinus 293 WAR (Samnites) dictator N. R. consul (son) Fors Fortuna 293 WAR (Samnites/Etruscans) consul booty N. R. Aesculapius 291 PLAGUE N.R. Senate N. R. Summanus 278 lightning hits statue N. R. N. R. N. R. Cons us 273? WAR (Samnites et al.) consul? N.
    [Show full text]
  • Slavery in Ancient Rome Was Not Necessarily for Life
    Slavery and Manumission in Ancient Rome Presented at An Tir Collegium, AS LI, November 11, 2017 Slavery played a huge role socially and politically in the ancient Roman world. We will examine daily life for both slaves and their masters, how slavery was affected by the growth of the Empire, the laws and rituals surrounding manumission (freeing of slaves), and subsequent changes in social status. Please note that I DO NOT condone slavery or any other nonconsensual control of human lives. Domina Tullia Saturnina, JdL, GdS Email: [email protected] Website: RomanaSum.com Why study it Jewish perspective: Actively teaching to retain tribal memory, good and bad, instead of whitewashing history Understanding Roman mindset Applying knowledge to modern world Where slaves came from Spoils of war (income for soldiers), debtors, sold by family, born to a slave Percentage of population: 10-40% (changes over time, difficult to find good numbers, underreporting to save taxes) Most were owned by the elite 1%: Rich families had hundreds of slaves. Pliny the Younger owned 4,116 (farm owner)! Middle class families had 1-3. Slave markets Slave traders had sleazy reps (used car salesman) Slaves marked with signs listing geographic origin (stereotypes), age, skills, etc. Newly imported: Chalked one foot Daily life Average life span 17.5, vs. 40 for citizens. Clothing reveals status (very important in Roman culture) Imagery - slaves are smaller City vs. farms Status levels – continuum from mines up to trusted assistant. Educated Greeks – tutors, doctors Gladiators (mostly slaves): weird mix of low status and fame/wealth for the best Higher status slaves could earn money, buy their freedom (Peculium), or their own slaves.
    [Show full text]
  • Calendar of Roman Events
    Introduction Steve Worboys and I began this calendar in 1980 or 1981 when we discovered that the exact dates of many events survive from Roman antiquity, the most famous being the ides of March murder of Caesar. Flipping through a few books on Roman history revealed a handful of dates, and we believed that to fill every day of the year would certainly be impossible. From 1981 until 1989 I kept the calendar, adding dates as I ran across them. In 1989 I typed the list into the computer and we began again to plunder books and journals for dates, this time recording sources. Since then I have worked and reworked the Calendar, revising old entries and adding many, many more. The Roman Calendar The calendar was reformed twice, once by Caesar in 46 BC and later by Augustus in 8 BC. Each of these reforms is described in A. K. Michels’ book The Calendar of the Roman Republic. In an ordinary pre-Julian year, the number of days in each month was as follows: 29 January 31 May 29 September 28 February 29 June 31 October 31 March 31 Quintilis (July) 29 November 29 April 29 Sextilis (August) 29 December. The Romans did not number the days of the months consecutively. They reckoned backwards from three fixed points: The kalends, the nones, and the ides. The kalends is the first day of the month. For months with 31 days the nones fall on the 7th and the ides the 15th. For other months the nones fall on the 5th and the ides on the 13th.
    [Show full text]
  • Roman Religion
    4 Roman Religion 1. “By pietas and fides the Romans Reached TheiR PResent eminence” the strength of Rome rested on a number of foundations. Among these were its extraordinarily vital political culture and its capacity to sustain warfare for extended periods of time. Previous chapters have emphasized these features, but in this chapter and the next, focus shifts to less obvious sources of Rome’s strength, namely the special character of its society whose dual foundations were the household and the civic religion of the city. Roman Religiosity during the period of the Republic, outsiders were struck by the religiosity of the Romans. In the second century b.c., Polybius, a Greek statesman and historian who lived much of his adult life in Rome, claimed that it was “scrupulous fear of the gods that kept the Roman commonwealth together” (6.56). A century or so later another expatriate Greek, Dionysius of Halicarnassus, was also impressed by the concern of Romans for religion. Writing about the second king of Rome, dionysius noted that as a result of Numa’s activities, Rome possessed more religious observances than any other city “Greek or non-Greek, even among those who thought of themselves as most god- fearing” (2.63). Needless to say, Romans themselves promoted the belief that fidelity to their oaths and treaties and their general reverence for the gods explained their imperial success. “the gods look kindly on these qualities, for it was by pietas and fides that Romans reached their present eminence” declared the consul Q. Marcius Philippus in 169 b.c.
    [Show full text]
  • A Roman Cult in the Italian Countryside? the Compitalia and the Shrines of the Lares Compitales
    0821-07_Babesch_83_08 23-09-2008 16:06 Pagina 111 BABESCH 83 (2008), 111-132. doi: 10.2143/BAB.83.0.2033102. A Roman cult in the Italian countryside? The Compitalia and the shrines of the Lares Compitales T.D. Stek Abstract The Roman religious festival of the Compitalia (‘cross-roads festival’) was celebrated in both city and coun- tryside. It is generally assumed that it originated as a rural cult which was later incorporated in the city, where it became the principal festival of the vici or urban quarters. In this paper it will be argued that the spread of the Compitalia might have been in the opposite direction; in this view the Compitalia, a Roman urban festi- val with administrative aspects, was spread outside Rome alongside Roman influence. It is not known where the Compitalia were celebrated in the countryside. It will be suggested that ancient ‘Italic’ sanctuaries have been re-used for celebrating the Roman rite of the Compitalia, apparently by now functioning within a Roman administrative and religious system.* the separation between city cult and family or farm cult should not be exaggerated (Beard/North/Price 1998, 50) INTRODUCTION. THE COMPITALIA: A PARADOXICAL both to what we would define the ‘private’ and PICTURE to the ‘public’ domain. Another paradoxical aspect regards the location At the end of a letter to Atticus (2.3), Cicero of the Compitalia. The festival is often associated writes, probably from his country house, after with the urban plebs, and therefore placed in an having referred to the political situation in Rome urban setting.
    [Show full text]
  • A Goddess for Runaway Slaves? Feronia and Her Worshippers Not Much Is Known About the Goddess Feronia, Apart from Her Sabine
    A Goddess for Runaway Slaves? Feronia and Her Worshippers Not much is known about the goddess Feronia, apart from her Sabine origin. Her cult is attested from the regal period to the end of the first century BC through literary, epigraphic and numismatic evidence. Her name is associated with ferus and her sanctuaries are found in groves. Nevertheless, she is not only a protectress of vegetation, but also of freedmen and runaway slaves. This paper investigates how a Sabine goddess connected with groves became the champion deity of slaves seeking freedom. Both Greek and Latin authors attest Feronia’s connection to springs and groves (Livy 1.30, Dion. Hal. 3.32.1, Strabo 5.2.9) and Servius credits her with the miraculous and immediate re-birth of her grove in Terracina after it had been burnt down (Ad Aen. 8.564). Servius also reports that at the same cult site there was a marble seat bearing the inscription bene meriti servi sedeant, surgant liberi, which could grant freedom on behalf of the goddess. Votive inscription to Feronia found in Trebula Metuesca, Rome and Nepi and dedicated by freedmen and slaves also support the identification of the goddess as a protectress of slaves seeking emancipation. In a coin minted in 18 BC (RIC I 281), Feronia is even represented with the same attributes as Libertas, and it is identified as the Sabine goddess only through the legend on the coin. Having thus established that Feronia was indeed a champion of slaves seeking freedom, I also suggest that the long-standing tradition of groves as safe havens for runaway slaves – which, as Livy reports (1.8), was first established by Romulus – is the reason why Feronia became associated with slaves in addition to vegetation.
    [Show full text]