DOCSLIB.ORG

The North American Species of Lasiacis

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The North American Species of Lasiacis THE NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF LASIACIS. By A. S. HITCHCOCK. INTRODUCTION. Lasiacis is one of the few genera of grasses, excepting bamboos, that have woody culms. It was long included in the allied genus Panicum, from which it is well distinguished by the woody culms, the general habit, and the technical characters of the spikelet, es- pecially the shape of the fruit, the oblique position of the spikelets on the pedicels, and the woolly tips to the glumes and lemmas, these tufts of wool having suggested the generic name. Some of the species creep on the floor of the forest and some form a tangled mass of branch- ing culms, while the majority form strong central canes which clam- ber up through shrubs or over the margins of woods for several meters. The genus consists of 15 species, all confined to tropical America, one species reaching subtropical Florida. DESCRIPTION 01 THE GENUS AND SPECIES. V* . LASIACIS (Griseb.) Hitchc. Panicum section Lasi&cis Griseb. FL Brit W. Ind. 551, 1864, Five species are included in the section: P. Aivaricatum, P. sloanei, P. titnatum, P. com- pact urn, f. martinicense. Grisebach gives a satisfactory diagnosis of the sec- tion. Lasiacis Hitchc* Contr, U. S. Nat Herb. 15: 16.1910, The designated type is Panicum divaricatum L. DESCEIPnON. Perennial, shrubby, often climbing grasses with much branched culms (her- baceous and simple in L. procerrima)9 flat, often slightly petiolate blades, and open or somewhat contracted panicles terminating the main culm and primary branches, reduced panicles terminating the secondary, often fascicled branches. Spikelets subglobose, ovoid, or ellipsoid, placed obliquely on their pedicels, the glumes and sterile lemma broad, abruptly apiculate, papery-char taeeoust shin* In jr. often black at maturity, many-nerved, glabrous, or lanose at the apex only. First glume rarely over one-third the length of the spikelet, somewhat iuflaled-ventricose. Second glume and sterile lemma subequal, about a a long as the fertile lemma, or the glume slightly shorterf the lemma inclosing a mem- bra naceous pa lea and sometimes a staminate flower f rarely a second sterile lemma present* Fertile lemma white, bony-indurate, obovoid, obtuse, the mar- gins inrolled, inclosing the edges of the indurate palea, both lemma and palea 13 14 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. bearing at the apex In a slight crateriform excavation a tuft of woolly hairs, the palea concave below, gibbous above, the apex often free at maturity. All the species of Lasiaoia have woody culms except L. procenrima. The splkelets differ from those of Panieum in the bony obovoid fruit, pubescent at the apex, the palea concave below and gibbous above. KKY TO THE SPECIES, Cmlms erect, simple, herbaceous; blades as much as 40 cm. long and 5 cm. wide, deeply cordate-clasping 1, L. procerrima. Culms much branched, woody; blades mostly less than 20 cm, long, narrowed at base or somewhat cordate. Main stem prostrate, the fertile shoots prostrate, ascending, or erect. Blades lanceolate, mostly less than 5 cm. long; fertile shoots strongly dorsi ventral, mostly prostrate g, L. rugelii. Blades linear-lanceolate, about 10 to 12 era. long; fertile shoots ascending or erect from a decumbent base, not dorsiventral. 3. L< grisebachii. Main stem clambering, or much branched and forming a tangled mass. Ligule noticeable, brownish, about 2 mm. long. Blades glabrous beneath, scabrous on both surfaces, elongate, more than 10 times as long as wide; plants not forming a strong central clambering cane. , 4. L* oaxacensis. Blades puberulent beneath, glabrous or scabrous above, less than 10 times as long as wide; plants forming a strong central clambering cane 5, L. ligrulata. Ligule Inconspicuous, hidden within the mouth of the sheath, rarely as much as 1 mm. long. Plants not high-climbing, decumbent and rooting at base, forming a tangled mass, with no strong central cane; splkelets clustered toward the ends of the branches 6. It* rhizophora. Plants high-climbing, forming a strong central cane; splkelets not clus- tered toward the ends of the branches. Blades glabrous on both surfaces, often more or less scabrous* (See lu ruscifolia, this rarely with glabrous ovate-lanceolate blades.) Main culm papillose-hispid; lateral flowering branches glabrous; panicles small and narrow 7. X* leptostachya. Main culm (except sometimes the young shoots) glabrous. Blades narrow, usually 3 to 4 mm., sometimes 5 mm, wide, 8 to 10 cm, long 8* t, harrisii. Blades more than 5 mm, wide, if as much as 10 cm, long* Panicle few-floweredt 5 to 10 cm, long; branches strongly zigzag, the branchlets strongly divaricate or reflexed; blades nar- rowly lanceolate* firm, mostly less than 1 cm, wide (some- times wider on vigorous shoots) 9. L. divaricata. Panicles many-flowered, usually 15 to 25 cm. long or more on the primary branches; branches straight or arcuate* not zigzag; blades mostly over 1.5 cm, wide. Splkelets globose, about 3 mm, long, 10* L, globosa. Splkelets lanceolate-ellipsoidal, 3.5 to 5 mm. long. Splkelets 4*5 to 5 mm. long, on short stiff appressed pedi- cels; blades oblong-ovate or elliptic-lanceolate, 11. I*, sloanet* Splkelets 3.5 to 4 mm. long, on flexuous spreading pedicels; blades lanceolate or narrowly-lanceolate, IB. L* patentiflora. HITCHCOCK AND CHASE—NORTH AMERICAN GRASSES, 15 Blades pubescent on one or both surfaces (sometimes glabrous in L> ruscifolia). Blades narrowly lanceolate, averaging 8 to 10 times as long as wide; panicle large and open; spikelets 4 to 5 mm. long. 13. L, sorghoidea. Blades ovate-lanceolate or elliptic, sometimes lanceolate, often more or less cordate-clasping; panicle often compact, or at least the branches commonly compactly flowered; spikelets 3 to 4 mm, long. Sterile lemma 1 14. L, ruscifolia. Sterile lemmas 2 15, L. anomala* 1. Lasiacis procerrima (Hack.) Hitchc. Panicum proeerrimum Hack. Oesterr. Bot Zeltschr, 51: 431. 1901. "Cos- tarica : Inter frutices ad fluvium Tlliri prope La Verbena et Alajuelita (Pittier nr. 8819)-" Haekel states that this is "KIne ausgczelchnete Art der Series: Lasiacis Benth. et Hook, Gen. III. p. 1103." Lasiacis procerrima Hitchc, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 24:145,1911. Based on Panicum proeerrimum Hack. DESCRIPTION, Culms several in a clump, rarely single, succulent, somewhat woody at base but not perennial, erect from a thick woody rootstock, simple, as much as 4 meters high and 1 cm. thick, glabrous, glaucous; sheaths usually overlapping, glabrous or rarely pubescent; ligule inconspicuous; blades narrowly lanceolate, 15 to 40 cm, long, 2 to 5 cm, wide, deeply cordate-clasping, the lobes overlap- ping, gradually acuminate at apex, glabrous and glaucous, rarely pubescent, the basal lobes sometimes dilate; panicles open and much branched, as much as 1 meter long, the branches naked below, finally widely spreading, the lower in whorls, as much as 40 cm. long, the main axis smooth, the branchlets and pedicels scabrous; spikelets scattered, 3 to 4 mm. long, ovoid or elliptic. DISTRIBUTION. Banks and open woods, central Mexico to northern South America. SINATJOA : Colomas, Rose 1687, TEPIC : Tepic, Palmer 1921 in 1892. JALISCO : Rio Blanco, Palmer 535 in 1886. Guadalajara, Pringle 1732, 11760. COLIMA : Al%ada, Hitchcock 7085. MICHOACAN : El Ocote, Langlaasti 540. VEHACBUZ : CArdoba, Fink in 1893; Amer* Or. Nat. Herb. 596, Orizaba, Hitch- cock 6385. Mirador, lAchmann 305, 313. Veracruz, Qaleotti 5717. Huita- malco, Liebmann 308, La Loja, Liebmann 309. CHIAPAS: Ocuilapa, Nelson 3055. GUATEMALA: Chinantla, Seler 2405. Cubilqultz, Tiirckheim 1028, 8781. El Palmar, Kellerman 6247, Oenagullla, Heyde & Lu$ 3906. Cob&n, Tiirck- heim 2486. Guatemala City, Hitchcock 9067; PopeTtoe 737. Secoyocte, Cook & Qriggs 119. Secanqulm, Goll 43. NICARAGUA : Jlnotepe, Hitchcock 8694. COSTA RICA : La Verbena, Tonduz 8819, El General, Pittier 12057. San Jos6, Hitchcock 8445; Jim4nez 886. Puntarenas, Hitchcock 8572. Cafias Gordask Pittier 11011. Alajuela, Jimenez 532. 16 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM, PANAMA : Corozal, Pittier 6774. Frljoles, HitcJtcock 8393- Gatfln, Hitchcock 7984, El Boquete, Hitchcock 8283, Taboga Island, Hitchcock 8087, Pedro Miguel, Hitchcock 7961. COLOMBIA : San Andres de la Sierra, Pittier 1645. Santa Marta, Smith 117. VENEZUELA: Without locality, Fendler 2429, Caoma, Jahn 314, EXPLANATION OF PLATA 10.—LaalacLs procerrima. Specimen from El Boquete, Panama, Hitchcock 8283 (U. B. Nat Herb, DO, 946902)- Natural Btze. 3, Lasiacis rugelii (G rlseb,) Hitchc. Panicum rugelii Griseb. Cat. PL Cub, 233, 1866. " Cuba occ; In f rutlcetis montlum pr. Matanzas (Rug. 188)." Grisebach describes the plant as climbing, because Rugel's label had upon it " scandens." Lasiacis rugelii Hitchc, Bot Gaz, 51: 302, 1911. Based on Panicum rugelii Griseb. DESCRIPTION* Culms much branched, prostrate, the main culms slender, mostly about 2 mm., sometimes 2,5 mm. thick, appressed hlspidulous, the sterile shoots prostrate, dorslventral, the leaves strongly distichous, approximate, the fertile shoots sometimes ascending toward the end; sheaths overlapping, hlspidulous, villous on the margin and around the summit; ligule inconspicuous; blades lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 2 to 5 cm. long, 4 to 12 mm. wide, hlspidulous or puberu- leut on both surfaces; panicles few-flowered, usually not over 5 cm. long, the few branches spreading, the axes pubescent, scabrous on the angles; spikelets 5 mm. long, DISTRIBUTION. Rich thickets, western Cuba, Yucatan, and San Luis Potosl. SAN LUIS POTOSI: San Dieguito, Palmer 151 in 1904. RJo de las GalHnas* Purpus 5438. QUINTANA Roo: Lake Chlchankanab, Oaumer 23685. CUBA: Sierra de Anafe, WUson 11449, Valestina, Wright 3465. San Antonio, Hitchcock 176. Isle of Pines, Britton & Wilson 14860. Without locality, * Reed. EXPLANATION OF PLATE 11,—Lasiacis rugelii. Specimen from Valestlna( Cuba, Wright 8465 (U. S. Nat. Herb, no. 975684), Natural ate. 3. Lasiacis grisebachii (Nash) Hitchc. Panicum grisebachU Nash, Bull. Torrey Club 35: 301, 1908. The designated type is from Madruga, Cuba, Britton d Shafer 758. Nash gives the specific name because Grisebach1 refers Wright's no.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 24. Tribe PANICEAE 黍族 Shu Zu Chen Shouliang (陈守良); Sylvia M
    POACEAE 499 hairs, midvein scabrous, apex obtuse, clearly demarcated from mm wide, glabrous, margins spiny-scabrous or loosely ciliate awn; awn 1–1.5 cm; lemma 0.5–1 mm. Anthers ca. 0.3 mm. near base; ligule ca. 0.5 mm. Inflorescence up to 20 cm; spike- Caryopsis terete, narrowly ellipsoid, 1–1.8 mm. lets usually densely arranged, ascending or horizontally spread- ing; rachis scabrous. Spikelets 1.5–2.5 mm (excluding awns); Stream banks, roadsides, other weedy places, on sandy soil. Guangdong, Hainan, Shandong, Taiwan, Yunnan [Bhutan, Cambodia, basal callus 0.1–0.2 mm, obtuse; glumes narrowly lanceolate, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Sri back scaberulous-hirtellous in rather indistinct close rows (most Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Africa (probably introduced), Australia obvious toward lemma base), midvein pectinate-ciliolate, apex (Queensland)]. abruptly acute, clearly demarcated from awn; awn 0.5–1.5 cm. Anthers ca. 0.3 mm. Caryopsis terete, narrowly ellipsoid, ca. 3. Perotis hordeiformis Nees in Hooker & Arnott, Bot. Beech- 1.5 mm. Fl. and fr. summer and autumn. 2n = 40. ey Voy. 248. 1838. Sandy places, along seashores. Guangdong, Hebei, Jiangsu, 麦穗茅根 mai sui mao gen Yunnan [India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Nepal, Myanmar, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Thailand]. Perotis chinensis Gandoger. This species is very close to Perotis indica and is sometimes in- Annual or short-lived perennial. Culms loosely tufted, cluded within it. No single character by itself is reliable for separating erect or decumbent at base, 25–40 cm tall. Leaf sheaths gla- the two, but the combination of characters given in the key will usually brous; leaf blades lanceolate to narrowly ovate, 2–4 cm, 4–7 suffice.
    [Show full text]
  • A Systematic Study of the Genus Lasiacis (Gramineae, Panicoideae) Gerrit Davidse Iowa State University
    Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 1972 A systematic study of the genus Lasiacis (Gramineae, Panicoideae) Gerrit Davidse Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Davidse, Gerrit, "A systematic study of the genus Lasiacis (Gramineae, Panicoideae) " (1972). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 4731. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/4731 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This dissertation was produced from a microfilm copy of the original document. While the most advanced technological means to photograph and reproduce this document have been used, the quality is heavily dependent upon the quality of the original submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help you understand markings or patterns which may appear on this reproduction. 1. The sign or "target" for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is "Missing Page(s)". If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting thru an image and duplicating adjacent pages to insure you complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a large round black mark, it is an indication that the photographer suspected that the copy may have moved during exposure and thus cause a blurred image.
    [Show full text]
  • A Rapid Biological Assessment of the Upper Palumeu River Watershed (Grensgebergte and Kasikasima) of Southeastern Suriname
    Rapid Assessment Program A Rapid Biological Assessment of the Upper Palumeu River Watershed (Grensgebergte and Kasikasima) of Southeastern Suriname Editors: Leeanne E. Alonso and Trond H. Larsen 67 CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL - SURINAME CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL GLOBAL WILDLIFE CONSERVATION ANTON DE KOM UNIVERSITY OF SURINAME THE SURINAME FOREST SERVICE (LBB) NATURE CONSERVATION DIVISION (NB) FOUNDATION FOR FOREST MANAGEMENT AND PRODUCTION CONTROL (SBB) SURINAME CONSERVATION FOUNDATION THE HARBERS FAMILY FOUNDATION Rapid Assessment Program A Rapid Biological Assessment of the Upper Palumeu River Watershed RAP (Grensgebergte and Kasikasima) of Southeastern Suriname Bulletin of Biological Assessment 67 Editors: Leeanne E. Alonso and Trond H. Larsen CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL - SURINAME CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL GLOBAL WILDLIFE CONSERVATION ANTON DE KOM UNIVERSITY OF SURINAME THE SURINAME FOREST SERVICE (LBB) NATURE CONSERVATION DIVISION (NB) FOUNDATION FOR FOREST MANAGEMENT AND PRODUCTION CONTROL (SBB) SURINAME CONSERVATION FOUNDATION THE HARBERS FAMILY FOUNDATION The RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment is published by: Conservation International 2011 Crystal Drive, Suite 500 Arlington, VA USA 22202 Tel : +1 703-341-2400 www.conservation.org Cover photos: The RAP team surveyed the Grensgebergte Mountains and Upper Palumeu Watershed, as well as the Middle Palumeu River and Kasikasima Mountains visible here. Freshwater resources originating here are vital for all of Suriname. (T. Larsen) Glass frogs (Hyalinobatrachium cf. taylori) lay their
    [Show full text]
  • A Preliminary List of the Vascular Plants and Wildlife at the Village Of
    A Floristic Evaluation of the Natural Plant Communities and Grounds Occurring at The Key West Botanical Garden, Stock Island, Monroe County, Florida Steven W. Woodmansee [email protected] January 20, 2006 Submitted by The Institute for Regional Conservation 22601 S.W. 152 Avenue, Miami, Florida 33170 George D. Gann, Executive Director Submitted to CarolAnn Sharkey Key West Botanical Garden 5210 College Road Key West, Florida 33040 and Kate Marks Heritage Preservation 1012 14th Street, NW, Suite 1200 Washington DC 20005 Introduction The Key West Botanical Garden (KWBG) is located at 5210 College Road on Stock Island, Monroe County, Florida. It is a 7.5 acre conservation area, owned by the City of Key West. The KWBG requested that The Institute for Regional Conservation (IRC) conduct a floristic evaluation of its natural areas and grounds and to provide recommendations. Study Design On August 9-10, 2005 an inventory of all vascular plants was conducted at the KWBG. All areas of the KWBG were visited, including the newly acquired property to the south. Special attention was paid toward the remnant natural habitats. A preliminary plant list was established. Plant taxonomy generally follows Wunderlin (1998) and Bailey et al. (1976). Results Five distinct habitats were recorded for the KWBG. Two of which are human altered and are artificial being classified as developed upland and modified wetland. In addition, three natural habitats are found at the KWBG. They are coastal berm (here termed buttonwood hammock), rockland hammock, and tidal swamp habitats. Developed and Modified Habitats Garden and Developed Upland Areas The developed upland portions include the maintained garden areas as well as the cleared parking areas, building edges, and paths.
    [Show full text]
  • On the Taxonomic Position of Panicum Scabridum (Poaceae, Panicoideae, Paspaleae)
    Phytotaxa 163 (1): 001–015 ISSN 1179-3155 (print edition) www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/ Article PHYTOTAXA Copyright © 2014 Magnolia Press ISSN 1179-3163 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.163.1.1 On the taxonomic position of Panicum scabridum (Poaceae, Panicoideae, Paspaleae) M. AMALIA SCATAGLINI1,2, SANDRA ALISCIONI1 & FERNANDO O. ZULOAGA1 1Instituto de Botánica Darwinion, Labardén 200, Casilla de Correo 22, B1642HYD, San Isidro, Buenos Aires, Argentina. 2Author for correspondence: [email protected] Abstract Panicum scabridum, an incertae sedis species of Panicum s.l., is here included in the genus Coleataenia, following a phylogenetic analysis based on one new ndhF sequence of the species and associated morphological data. Panicum scabridum and species of Coleataenia are cespitose and perennial plants, with a lower glume (1–)3–5-nerved, 1/3 to 3/4 of the spikelet, upper glume and lower lemma 5–9-nerved, and upper anthecium smooth, shiny, and indurate. Within Coleataenia, P. scabridum appeared as the sister taxon of the species pair C. prionitis and C. petersonii; these three species are the only NADP-me taxa of tribe Paspaleae exhibiting two bundle sheaths around the vascular bundles, i.e., with an outer parenchymatous sheath and an inner mestome sheath with specialized chloroplasts. The new combination Coleataenia scabrida is proposed and a lectotype is designated. Key words: Panicum scabridum, phylogeny, combined analysis, anatomy Introduction Panicum scabridum Döll (1877: 201), originally described from a specimen collected in Brazil, grows in Colombia, Venezuela and the Guianas to northern Brazil and Bolivia, in wet open places at low elevations.
    [Show full text]
  • Additions to the Flora of Panama, with Comments on Plant Collections and Information Gaps
    15 4 NOTES ON GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION Check List 15 (4): 601–627 https://doi.org/10.15560/15.4.601 Additions to the flora of Panama, with comments on plant collections and information gaps Orlando O. Ortiz1, Rodolfo Flores2, Gordon McPherson3, Juan F. Carrión4, Ernesto Campos-Pineda5, Riccardo M. Baldini6 1 Herbario PMA, Universidad de Panamá, Vía Simón Bolívar, Panama City, Panama Province, Estafeta Universitaria, Panama. 2 Programa de Maestría en Biología Vegetal, Universidad Autónoma de Chiriquí, El Cabrero, David City, Chiriquí Province, Panama. 3 Herbarium, Missouri Botanical Garden, 4500 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri, MO 63166-0299, USA. 4 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Avenida Transnordestina s/n, Novo Horizonte, 44036-900, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil. 5 Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Luis Clement Avenue (Ancón, Tupper 401), Panama City, Panama Province, Panama. 6 Centro Studi Erbario Tropicale (FT herbarium) and Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Firenze, Via La Pira 4, 50121, Firenze, Italy. Corresponding author: Orlando O. Ortiz, [email protected]. Abstract In the present study, we report 46 new records of vascular plants species from Panama. The species belong to the fol- lowing families: Anacardiaceae, Apocynaceae, Aquifoliaceae, Araceae, Bignoniaceae, Burseraceae, Caryocaraceae, Celastraceae, Chrysobalanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Erythroxylaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Gentianaceae, Laciste- mataceae, Lauraceae, Malpighiaceae, Malvaceae, Marattiaceae, Melastomataceae, Moraceae, Myrtaceae, Ochnaceae, Orchidaceae, Passifloraceae, Peraceae, Poaceae, Portulacaceae, Ranunculaceae, Salicaceae, Sapindaceae, Sapotaceae, Solanaceae, and Violaceae. Additionally, the status of plant collections in Panama is discussed; we focused on the areas where we identified significant information gaps regarding real assessments of plant biodiversity in the country.
    [Show full text]
  • Classification and Biogeography of Panicoideae (Poaceae) in the New World Fernando O
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Scholarship@Claremont Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Volume 23 | Issue 1 Article 39 2007 Classification and Biogeography of Panicoideae (Poaceae) in the New World Fernando O. Zuloaga Instituto de Botánica Darwinion, San Isidro, Argentina Osvaldo Morrone Instituto de Botánica Darwinion, San Isidro, Argentina Gerrit Davidse Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis Susan J. Pennington National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso Part of the Botany Commons, and the Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons Recommended Citation Zuloaga, Fernando O.; Morrone, Osvaldo; Davidse, Gerrit; and Pennington, Susan J. (2007) "Classification and Biogeography of Panicoideae (Poaceae) in the New World," Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany: Vol. 23: Iss. 1, Article 39. Available at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso/vol23/iss1/39 Aliso 23, pp. 503–529 ᭧ 2007, Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden CLASSIFICATION AND BIOGEOGRAPHY OF PANICOIDEAE (POACEAE) IN THE NEW WORLD FERNANDO O. ZULOAGA,1,5 OSVALDO MORRONE,1,2 GERRIT DAVIDSE,3 AND SUSAN J. PENNINGTON4 1Instituto de Bota´nica Darwinion, Casilla de Correo 22, Labarde´n 200, San Isidro, B1642HYD, Argentina; 2([email protected]); 3Missouri Botanical Garden, PO Box 299, St. Louis, Missouri 63166, USA ([email protected]); 4Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20013-7012, USA ([email protected]) 5Corresponding author ([email protected]) ABSTRACT Panicoideae (Poaceae) in the New World comprise 107 genera (86 native) and 1357 species (1248 native).
    [Show full text]
  • Marina Wolowski1 & Leandro Freitas2,3
    Rodriguésia 66(2): 329-336. 2015 http://rodriguesia.jbrj.gov.br DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860201566204 An overview on pollination of the Neotropical Poales Marina Wolowski1 & Leandro Freitas2,3 Abstract Current phylogenetic hypotheses support that ancestral Poales were animal-pollinated and that subsequent shifts to wind pollination have occurred. Ten of the 16 Poales families are widely distributed in the Neotro- pics, however a comprehensive understanding of their pollination systems’ diversity is still lacking. Here we surveyed studies on pollination biology of Neotropical species of Poales. Poaceae, Cyperaceae and Juncaceae are predominantly wind-pollinated but insect pollination also occurs. Thurniaceae and Thyphaceae fit on anemophily but empirical data are missing. Pollen flowers with poricidal anthers have evolved independently in Mayacaeae and Rapateaceae. Pollen- and nectar-flowers occur in Xyridaceae, which are mainly pollinated by bees. Eriocaulaceae flowers secrete minute quantity of nectar and are pollinated by “diverse small insects”. Pollination of Bromeliaceae is carried out by a great variety of animal groups, mainly hummingbirds, and includes anemophily. The diversity in floral forms is very high within the order but more constant within the families. This trend indicates that many events of species diversification may have occurred without divergence in the pollination mode. Still, parallel shifts in pollination modes are found, including possible reversals to wind- or animal-pollination, changes in the type of pollinators (e.g. from hummingbirds to bee or bats) and the arising of ambophily. Key words: ambophily, ecology, evolution, floral biology, monocots. Introduction over the literature among studies of one or few The order Poales represents about one species and concentrated in Bromeliaceae.
    [Show full text]
  • Lepidoptera: Satyrinae) from Costa Rica
    Rev. Biol. Trop. 51(2): 463-470, 2003 www.ucr.ac.cr www.ots.ac.cr www.ots.duke.edu Life history of Manataria maculata (Lepidoptera: Satyrinae) from Costa Rica L. Ricardo Murillo1 & Kenji Nishida1,2,3 1 Museo de Insectos, Universidad de Costa Rica. Fax: (506)-207-5318 2 Sistema de Estudios de Posgrado en Biología, Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060 San José, Costa Rica. 3 Correspondence: Kenji Nishida, Laboratorio 170, Biología, 2060 Universidad de Costa Rica, [email protected] Received 20-VI-2002. Corrected 07-IX-2002. Accepted 07-IX-2002. Abstract: The life history and early stages of the satyrine butterfly Manataria maculata are described and illus- trated from Costa Rica. Eggs are laid on Lasiacis sp. (Panicoideae), a new non-bamboo host plant for the genus Manataria. The larval stage varied from 23 to 28 days, and the pupal duration was approximately 12 days when reared on Bambusa vulgaris and Guadua angustifolia in captivity at 23-24°C. Key words: Bambusa vulgaris, Guadua angustifolia, Lasiacis, Manataria, Natural History, Neotropical, Patelloa xanthura, Tachinidae. The genus Manataria Kirby is distributed with the onset of the rainy season (May-June). from Mexico to northern Argentina, Paraguay, The host plants for the genus belong to the Uruguay, and the southeast Brazil to the south; Bambusoideae (Figueroa 1953, Valenzuela and to French Guyana in the northeast. It is 1963 Young and Muyshondt 1972, Gallego currently regarded as containing three species and Vélez 1974). Valenzuela (1963), described (Barrera and Díaz 1977, DeVries 1987, the morphology of adult and last instar larva of D’Abrera 1988), but it may well be monotyp- Manataria maculata; however, it is misidenti- ic (G.
    [Show full text]
  • Nzbotsoc No 97 Sept 2009
    NEW ZEALAND BOTANICAL SOCIETY NEWSLETTER NUMBER 97 September 2009 New Zealand Botanical Society President: Anthony Wright Secretary/Treasurer: Ewen Cameron Committee: Bruce Clarkson, Colin Webb, Carol West Address: c/- Canterbury Museum Rolleston Avenue CHRISTCHURCH 8013 Subscriptions The 2009 ordinary and institutional subscriptions are $25 (reduced to $18 if paid by the due date on the subscription invoice). The 2009 student subscription, available to full-time students, is $12 (reduced to $9 if paid by the due date on the subscription invoice). Back issues of the Newsletter are available at $7.00 each. Since 1986 the Newsletter has appeared quarterly in March, June, September and December. New subscriptions are always welcome and these, together with back issue orders, should be sent to the Secretary/Treasurer (address above). Subscriptions are due by 28 February each year for that calendar year. Existing subscribers are sent an invoice with the December Newsletter for the next years subscription which offers a reduction if this is paid by the due date. If you are in arrears with your subscription a reminder notice comes attached to each issue of the Newsletter. Deadline for next issue The deadline for the December 2009 issue is 25 November 2008. Please post contributions to: Melanie Newfield 17 Homebush Rd Khandallah Wellington Send email contributions to [email protected]. Files are preferably in MS Word (with the suffix “.doc” but not “.docx”), as an open text document (Open Office document with suffix “.odt”) or saved as RTF or ASCII. Graphics can be sent as TIF JPG, or BMP files. Alternatively photos or line drawings can be posted and will be returned if required.
    [Show full text]
  • Abstract Evolution of Panic Grasses
    ABSTRACT EVOLUTION OF PANIC GRASSES (PANICOIDEAE; POACEAE): A PLASTOME PHYLOGENOMIC STUDY Sean Vincent Burke, Ph.D. Department of Biological Sciences Northern Illinois University, 2018 Melvin R. Duvall, Director Systematics is an important set of tools for the determination of relationships among living organisms. This toolkit is only as good as the information that helps differentiate the taxa in question. Grasses, Poaceae, has always been of great interest due to the important crops in the family. For this reason, the panic grasses (Panicoideae) have been thoroughly researched for their crops; corn, sugarcane and sorghum, but less is understood for their non-crop species. The goals of this dissertation are to 1) better sample within the panicoid grasses to retrieve a more complete phylogeny, 2) determine the divergence phylogeny and divergence date of the Panicoideae, 3) investigate rare genomic changes that occur within species of the panic grasses, and 4) investigate the evolution of multiple traits that occur within the subfamily. First, I looked at previous studies to determine relationships that largely lack resolution and/or robust support for tribal and subtribal groups. I sequenced 35 new Panicoideae plastomes and combined them in a phylogenomic study with 37 other species. This returned a mostly congruent Panicoideae topology compared to other studies at the time, with five recognized subtribes that were non-monophyletic. An unexpected mutation in the Paspalum lineage was discovered, a mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to plastid DNA (ptDNA) transfer. This was thought to be a single rare event that unevenly degraded into smaller fragments in the plastome. Second, I investigated the early diverging grass lineages, as these would help set up the framework for the fourth study.
    [Show full text]
  • View Jalisco and Zacatecas North to Chihuahua and Sonora, Reaching Its Northern Limit in Sonora 55 Spotlight on a Native Plant in the Sierra Huachinera (30.3°N)
    The Plant Press THE ARIZONA NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY Volume 41, Number 2 Fall 2018 In this Issue Preliminary Floras in the Madrean Archipelago, Sonora, Mexico 6 Sierra la Elenita–la Mariquita Sky Island Complex 10 Checklist 14 Sierra la Buenos Aires Figure 1. Sierra el Tigre Sky Island. Photo courtesy Dale S. Turner. 19 Checklist The Arizona Native Plant Society’s Botany 2018 Conference explored the botanical 24 Sierra La Púrica diversity of the Madrean Sky Islands of Southern Arizona and Northern Mexico. In this 29 Checklist expanded issue of The Plant Press, prepared with the cooperation and support of the 33 Sierra Juriquipa GreaterGood.org organization, we present floras of five major Sonoran Sky Islands. 38 Checklist 43 Lower Bavispe Valley Preliminary Floras in the Madrean 49 Checklist Archipelago, Sonora, Mexico Plus by Thomas R. Van Devender1, Susan D. Carnahan2, George M. Ferguson2, 54 Arizona Native Plant Society 3 4 Botanical Adventure to the Elizabeth Makings , and José Jesús Sánchez-Escalante Chiricahua Mountains Introduction With Regular Features In 2007, Conservation International designated the Mexican Madrean Pine-oak Woodlands 2 President’s Note as a global biodiversity hotspot. This is a very large area that includes both the Sierra Madre 5 Who’s Who at AZNPS Oriental in eastern Mexico, the Sierra Madre Occidental (SMO) in western Mexico, and the Madrean Archipelago in Sonora and Arizona. The SMO extends in western Mexico from 41 Book Review Jalisco and Zacatecas north to Chihuahua and Sonora, reaching its northern limit in Sonora 55 Spotlight on a Native Plant in the Sierra Huachinera (30.3°N).
    [Show full text]