EDITORIAL STAFF E. L, Shaker Editor-in-Chief Irw in H. Such Editor Wm. M. R o o n e y News and Markets Editor D. B. W i l k i n Engineering Editor The Magazine of Metalworking and Metalproduclng J. D. Knox Steel Plant Editor VOL. 119, NO. 8 AUGUST 19, 1946 Guy Hubbard Machine Tool Editor D o n S. C a d o t Art Editor NEWS A llen G. Gray Consulting Editor Toy Industry Back on Peacetime Basis...... 37 ASSOCIATE EDITORS Steelman Cites Output Increase Since V-J D a y ...... gg

G. H. M a n l o v e • W . J. C a m p b e l l Foundry Shutdowns Looming ...... 7Q Jay D e E u l is • F . R . B r ig g s V a n c e B e l l Effect of Freight Rate Rise on Warehouse Steel Prices Clarified...... 72 Surplus Machine Tools Moving Slowly from WAA Warehouses...... 73 ASSISTANT EDITORS Changes Urged in Wagner Act, NLRB Procedures...... 74 John Pah in a Jn. • H. C. T u t t l e Henhv J. H o l t z . D o l o h e s K . B l a i i a Maritime Union Calls Strike Against Great Lakes Shipping...... 74 halter F. T o e h c e . R ic h a r d D . C o n l y Canada’s Metalworking Plants Receiving Only 25% of Steel Needs 75 RESIDENT EDITORS French Wages To Be Increased 17%; Income Tax Exemptions To Be Raised 79 E, C. KREUTZBERG Technical Aid Agency Set Up in Department of Commerce 80 Washington Editor Launch Efforts To Obtain Lower East-Bound Rail R ates ...... 86 L. M . L a m m Associate Editor, Washington Steel Supplies Easier; Labor Picture Clearing on West C oast...... 86 B. K . P r i c e Dry Dock, with 6000-Ton Lifting Capacity, Launched on Inland River ... 87 Eastern Editor, New York International Detrola Corp. Buys Andrews Steel Co...... 88 L. E. Browne Associate Editor, New York E. F. Ross Chicago Editor TECHNICAL- J. C. S u l l i v a n Pittsburgh Editor Properties of Lime Fcrritic Electrodes...... 96 A. H. A l l e n Detroit Editor Heat Treatment and Metallurgy of Aluminum Alloys...... 98 Vincent D elport Method Used To Reclaim Brass Scrap at Rate of 42,000 lb. Per Day 100 E u ro p ean Editor, London Brazing Tool Tips by Induction Heating Reduces Job Cost Per H our 101 EDITORIAL CORRESPONDENTS Efficient Large Volume Job Plating ...... 102 B. W. Kincey, Birmingham Engineering News at a Glance ...... 110 L. C. Feldm ann, Buffalo Effect of Undissolved Carbides on Ilardenability ...... 112 Sam uel S. CARRf Cincinnati Use of High Strength Steels Gives Railroads Lighter Freight Cars ...... 117 Mac Hutchens, St. Louis Clohce R. Reiss, Youngstown Second Operation Lathe for Precision Machining ...... 120 Maurice Beam, L o s Angeles How a Milling Fixture Eliminates Tool Changes...... 122 Robert B ottorff, Son Francisco Selection of Die Steels for Cold Working M etals...... 124 R. C, H ill, Seattle Pipemaker Starts Large Improvement Program ...... 132 C. K. C ates, Dallas F. S. Tobin, Toronto J- A. H o r t o n , Birminghatn, Eng. FEATURES MAIN OFFICE 63 Men of Industry ...... 90 Renton Building, Cleveland 13, Ohio As the Editor Views the News . Present, Past and Pending...... 69 Obituaries ...... 95 BRANCH OFFICES Industrial Equipment ...... 136 Yetc yori ]» Windows of Washington ...... 76 . . 164 Chicago ip ...... 16 East 43rd St. Mirrors of Motordom ...... 83 The Business T re n d ...... tittsbureh in ...... 520 North M ichiSnn Ave. Activities ...... 88 Construction and Enterprise . . . 186 Detroit n ...... 2 8 0 0 KoPPers Bldg. Wash&n„"A...... Cass Ave. Lo, A / ' ...... SS6 National Press Bldg. MARKETS Dmdon ^ o n ' 13° N' New HamPshire Ave. Gaxtou St., Westminster, S.W . 1 High Steel Production Rate Threatened by Shortages ...... 167 Market Prices and Composites...... 168

Index lo advertisers 198 Pen ton ^,EN TO n P u b l i s h i n g C o ., Resident fn d^ T^6 13- ° hi°. E. L. Shaner fipUtat “d r . G- °- Hays> Vi“ Rresid«,!. Manager; R- C. J a e n k e ,

Îfot'leasui^ aad Secretin F tEKm Werner, AC“' Vice Assistant Prtsi' i^ B ’ustr« P ^ reaU. of Circulations; Asso- lul*ers' Assudluoa rs ’ and National Pub- NEXT WEEK.,« Published even \I 1 Rnit«d States an d n y '- S u b s c riP ‘>°n in th e Ilardenability Testing in Material Control Eubj. Central >W»eMions, Canada, Mexico, >!“« 510- all oil Amenca'. ona year S6; Handling Bar Stock with Mechanized Equipment t Single co’nie. , countries, one year ter"''!ttd >1- Te'coS“/* 6? (currcnt issucs.) issues )' 25=: ”E n - *' a'ogLt jg.g hv , J the Actt. ofol March 3, 1879. lb by “T the Penton PublishingPubli. Co. Applications of Lime Ferritic Electrodes

Business Staff on Page 4 Metallurgy Involved in Heat Treating Aluminum ^

915323534848232348482348235353482323235348232353484823235353482323534823235353482323535348 You’ll be ahead with

Your competitive ability of tomorrow depends upon your decisions today. W ill you be able to offer new products, better products at favorable prices?

Morgan-Worcester stands ready with rolling mill designs and equipment far in advance of much in current use. W h y not put your problem up to us? Let us prove that " Y o u ’ll be ahead with M organ-W orcester."

MORGAN CONSTRUCTION CO WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS Rolling Mills - Wire Machines Gas Producer Machines - Regenerative Furnace Control English Representative: International Construction Co. 56 Kingsway, London, W .C . 2, England

Illustrated: New type Morgan Rough­ ing Stands. Features include (1) Im­ proved overhead roll suspension, (2] Fully protected gear type universa spindles, (3) Improved spindle carriers. fistht M l Screwy Land of Plenty

Recently an editor of Business Week interviewed a British visitor who had com­ pleted a four-months tour of the United States. “What is the principal impression of our country you are carrying back to England?” he was asked. His reply came vies promptly: “It remains the only place on earth where everything can be completely screwy and almost everyone can still get along quite well.” There is a large measure of truth in this observation. It is difficult to think of any other area on the globe where the potential for abundance is so great that the people can enjoy a reasonable degree of comfortable living at the same time their tin government is pursuing economic policies that for the most part are unsound and nés ridiculous. In most countries, mistakes of the magnitude of those made by persons in high places in Washington since V-J Day would have been disastrous. A hint of some of these mistakes is found in the Victory Day statement of Re­ conversion Director John Steelman. He reported that the annual production rate of goods and services for civilians has jumped $30 billion since V-J Day, that income payments to individuals now equal or exceed the war peak of $163 billion, that ci­ vilian employment has reached a new high of 58,100,000 and that “the proportion of unemployment is probably the lowest for any peacetime year since we became an industrial nation.” As an offset to the rosy implications of these statements, Mr. Steel­ man warned that the threat of inflation still casts a shadow over the future. Everything that Mr. Steelman reported conforms closely to the predictions made almost a year ago by many industrial leaders. The conditions he reported were an­ ticipated accurately in studies made by Paul Hoffman’s Committee for Economic De­ velopment. They were forecast accurately by the 3600 industrialists who replied to STEEL’S questionnaire on reconversion last fall. Industry gaged the nation’s economic potential correctly. In sharp contrast, everything Mr. Steelman reported is contradictory to what the highest government officials predicted a year ago. They estimated unemployment as high as 10,000,000 jobs. They forecast deflation and directed government policy toward fighting that menace. They even promoted a law that has the effect of shap­ ing broad government policy according to the predictions of government economists. Had that law become effective promptly, the nation now would be fighting deflation instead of inflation. Our luck in absorbing colossal government blunders cannot last. We need lead­ ership in Washington that can view economic problems realistically.

¿/" l F B B Û August 19, 1946

LIGHTER FREIGHT CARS: Several 1920 level. What this experience means can be undrcd thousand freight cars will be built for Class judged by the fact that the ratio of dead weight to 1 railroads during the next few years. It will be load for all Class I roads increased 35.1 per cent interesting to note how many of them will be con­ from 1920 to 1935. Had all Class I roads followed structed of high strength steels. the example of the railroad mentioned above, the In the case of one railroad, the ratio of dead freight car equipment that was so hard pressed to "eight of freight cars to load increased 13 per cent meet the nation’s wartime transportation demands from 1920 to 1935. In 1935 this road began install- would have exceeded its praiseworthy record by a ‘n° ^Sht weight cars of high strength steel. By handsome margin. 1940 the influence of these new cars had reduced American railroads, in sharp contrast with those e roa(ls ratio of dead weight to load to 19.6 per in most other countries, are pre-eminently freight cent below 1935 figure and 9.2 per cent below the carriers. They can profit tremendously from the

(OVEB)

03 AS THE EDITOR ViËWS THE NEWS

weight-saving characteristics of these high strength SIGNS OF THE TIMES: General Mo­ steels. Properly employed, these steels can revolu­ tors will build a large new gray iron foundry to sup­ tionize the world’s greatest rail freight system in the ply short-run castings requirements of various GM next five years. —p. 117 divisions which have been unable to locate outside sources for such parts. Two sites in Ohio have been selected tentatively for the new foundry (p. 84), but the final decision as to where it will be built will hinge upon the currently important question of ade­ DECENTRALIZED BUYING: Ford quate labor supply. . . . Purchase of a manufactur­ Motor Co. is instituting a significant change in pur­ ing or fabricating plant by a steel producing com­ chasing policy. It has adopted a plan to decen­ pany is commonplace news, but the reverse—where­ tralize a part of its $600 million a year purchasing in the former acquires the latter—is unusual. Inter­ operations so as to make possible a $10 million in­ national Detrola Corp., Detroit, manufacturer of crease annually in “at home” buying in branch as­ radios, refrigerators, air conditioning equipment, sembly plants. Under its provisions, purchasing cedar chests and furniture (p. 88), has purchased agents in 13 widely distributed Ford assembly all of the steelmaking, rolling mill, fabricating facili­ plants are authorized to buy directly in their local ties and coal mining interests of the Andrews Steel communities certain items for maintenance, repairs Co., N ew port, Ky. . . . France is entering upon a risky and general stores. experiment in planning. A committee of the Na­ This idea is well worth the attention of large cor­ tional Economic Council recommended that the de­ porations which have widely scattered branch mands of labor unions for a 25 per cent increase in plants. There are many standard supplies which, wages be met by granting an increase of 21 per cent. all cost and quality factors considered, can be pur­ The government, after considering this recommenda­ chased locally as advantageously as through central tion (p. 79), decided to raise wages 17 per cent and purchasing channels. In addition, there is the factor to raise income tax exemptions and family allow­ of increased good will in the local community which, ances to offset the smaller increase in wages. Pri­ under present conditions of doubt and misunder­ vate enterprise will not be allowed to increase prices. standing, is an asset of incalculable value. If employers cannot meet the new w’age burdens, — p. 84 they may be given government subsidies. National­ ized business, such as railroads and electric power, will be granted sharp increases in the prices for their services. There will be headaches for everybody. . . . Adopting induction heating for brazing tungsten TOUGH ON EVERYBODY: Anyone carbide tips to more than 200 types of cutting tools who has been in Washington recently has noted the resulted in such substantial economies that an inde­ consternation in government offices caused by at­ pendent tool producer in the Detroit area (p. 101) tempts of the administration to trim back person­ was able to amortize the cost of his two induction nel to peacetime dimensions. Retrenchment, tough heating machines in three months. . . . Program of on the job-holders, is music to the ears of taxpayers. the Office of Technical Services of the Department However, such curtailment as may result from of Commerce sounds elaborate and to some extent the present wave of belated economy will be only unnecessary (p. 80), even though department spokes­ a drop in the bucket. Many of the sharp cutbacks men go to great lengths to emphasize the fact the in personnel will be in the wrong places. Because new services will not compete with those of private of the fantastic ideas of incumbents, some bureaus industry. . . . Purchasing officials of Studebaker com­ that should be retained will be cut and others which piled a “Chronology of Despair,” citing strikes and should be abandoned will be continued or ex­ other obstacles (p. 83) to explain why the com panded. pany had been able to build only 43,011 cars and The State Department, which has a man-sized trucks in the nine months ending June 30 instead job in global diplomacy, has a meager increase in of the 134,500 scheduled for that period. appropriations in the new budget. Commerce, La­ bor, Agriculture and other old line departments have sharply increased budgets, based largely on the idea that the American public must be spoon­ fed on pearls of wisdom from these agencies. The axe should fall heaviest upon departments that per­ EDITOK-IN-CIIIEF sist in perpetuating unwanted and unneeded ac­ tivities. —p. 76

/TE E 1 64 The vast resources of the Inland Steel facilities are Inland’s experienced engi­ Company are im portant factors to volume neers and metallurgists applying their users of steel. skills to every phase of development, pro­ Extensive mines and quarries...modern duction, and control making certain freighters...towering blast furnaces...the that every ton of steel produced is worthy glowing open hearths and coke ovens... of the name... INLAND ! the powerful rolling mills, vibrant with Yes, Inland has the resources to pro­ action and life! duce quality steel for you. Activating these resources and modern

HELP! MORE SCRAP NEEDED! Extra tons of scrap are needed to make the extra tons of steel for American industry, lease keep your scrap moving back to the

• Inland Steel Company, 38 South Dearborn Street, Chicago 3, Illinois. Sales Offices: Detroit, Indianapolis, Kansas City, Milwaukee, New York, S t Paul.

PRINCIPAL PRODUCTS: Bars • Structurais • Plates • Sheets • Strip • Tin Plate • Floor Plate • Piling • Reinforcing Bars • Rails • Track Accessories August 19, I94g SPECIFICATIONS

O D of Gear ...... 3.3249"-3.3349"

Pitch ...... 10 el 0 Helix ang le ...... J

Pitch angle ...... H V i

Number of teeth ...... ^

Type of steel...... ^ 35 Bri. Hardness ...... No specification

D epth o f c u t...... ^35

Face of gear ...... J.250

Number of blanks ...... ^

Number of gears cut per position of cutter...... ^

Feed o f cu tte r...... ^

RPM of cutter...... ^ 6 RPM of w ork ...... * M achine. . . . Barber-Colman Hobber Typ® ^

Amount of metal removed in sharpening ^ CUTTER using Texaco is only . . . * • 100% Longer Hob Life # Amount of metal necessary to remove m „ sharpening CUTTER using previous oil 025 -030

N CUTTING gears to the specifications listed per tool grind and longer tool life. There is a com­ I above, the operator reported 50% less metal plete line of these outstanding oils to meet even had to be removed from the hob in regrinding — machining requirement — to assure greater o u tp u t, 10 0 % longer hob life — after he had switched to finer finish, fewer rejects, lower costs. Texaco! This performance is typical of the greatly For Texaco Products and Lubrication E n g in e e r ­ improved results you get —in all types of metal ing Service, call the nearest of the more than 2300 cutting — with Texaco Cutting and Soluble Oils. Texaco distributing plants in the 48 States, or Texaco Cutting and Soluble Oils effectively w rite: lubricate and cool tools, prevent chip welding, The Texas Company, 135 East 42nd Street, permit higher cutting speeds, give you more cuts New York 17, N. Y.

TEXtflCCM ft A CUTTING, SOLUBLE AND M s j U HYDRAULIC OILS tSTcSSSS Many a father and son team have trains and equipment, manufacture of which was practically nil during the war. Manufacturers believe a large accumulated demand for such toys exists. Photo, courtesy, Lionel Corp. Toy Industry Back on Peacetime Basis

METAL toy manufacturers, prewar Manufacturers expect to exceed prewar consumption of 110,000 consumers of 110,000 tons of steel an- tons of steel annually as soon as supplies become more plentiful. meiil"’ i° ’^lortan): users of nonferrous ms t 'S an yers ball bearings, screw Industry's 1941 retail sales volume totaled $240 million. In­ 7 e Products and light metalworking cludes 2000 companies employing 35,000 workers fem d T w a T WeU °n tHeir Way back D lW ?VerSi,°n probIems- n°t too com- the number of established concerns had portance: New York, Massachusetts, New e , are long since resolved, and with been increased to between 900 and 1000. Jersey, Illinois, Pennsylvania, Michigan, (inn 1 °f various wartime restric- Dining the war the Office of Price Ad­ Connecticut and Ohio. This order of fai>h 011 116 USe metafr f°r toy manu- ministration was called upon for price in­ states was true according to the 1939 oonsnm i-'6 mLdustry has stepped up its formation by more than 3000 different census and is regarded as true today. ' mptmn sharply from virtually noth­ interests. However, a number of these Some states have stepped up in their ing during the emergency. obviously represented small establish­ importance to toy manufacture, such as As steel and other metal supplies be- ments and in many instances were indi­ California, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Indi­ not n the industry expects viduals engaged in the making of toys ana and Missouri. But none of these has cnnt,D ^ t0 ^acfr to its annual prewar in their own homes. stepped ahead of any in the first men­ Many of these have disappeared since, tioned group, trade authorities declare. t(> e«eePd Tt i *10’000 t0nS °f Stee1’ but confM ’, y manufacturers are so that a figure of 2000 manufacturers The United States toy industry in 1941, appears to be reasonably accurate, and mills a m C°me iust as soon as steel just prior to the war, produced $240 hiri, ? , t0 Produce at a sustained this number is expected to decline some­ million of toys on a retail sales basis and rate for a while. what as time goes on. $120 million or just half the foregoing, 2ooq ,PreSent there are approximately About 87 per cent of the toys produced on a manufacturers sales basis. Interesting­ plovin°y manu^acturing companies, em- in this country are manufactured in eight ly, while manufacturers of metal toys and Bari- if approximately 35,000 persons, states, listed in the order of their im- various other types also shifted into war fewer tl 6 days, in the middle 30s, work in one degree or another, the sizetn ? 500 comPanies of sufficient volume of toys in point of sales value coven, T j attention by the National Re- By B. K. PRICE during the war period was quite heavy. tov Z r istration. were engaged in Eastern Editor, STEEL This may be accounted for in part by - manufacture. Just before the war somewhat higher prices and by the step­

67 TOYS

ping up of production of many items upward trend in production should con­ 15 per cent; stuffed toys, 4.9 per cent; which would be made of materials not tinue as raw materials increase. primarily essential to the war effort. wooden toys, 6 per cent; rubber toys, Last March at the annual toy exposi- t>.9 per cent; games, 11.4 per cent; and What the sales value will be this year tion, which usually is held every year at miscellaneous 12.2 per cent. cannot be estimated accurately, but with that time in New York, more than 8000 Of the 110,000 tons of steel consumed production heavier and with costs going buyers attended. This exceeded any pre­ in the manufacture of toys in 1941, be­ up and prices being advanced accord­ vious attendance by more than 3000, and tween 45,000 and 50,000 tons went into ingly, it may equal or even exceed 1941. commitments were heavy. Some of the more conservative estimate a wheel goods, such as wagons, veloci­ Of the total valuation of toys produced pedes and similar items. It is said with total manufacturers’ sales value of pos­ in 1941, just before the war, metal toys sibly $125 million, up $5 million from respect to wheel goods that the ratio of other than mechanical toys represented prewar. the use of steel to the sales value ran 14.5 per cent; trains and track equipment, as high as 1000 tons to $600,000 in Many of the newer companies, they 5.9 per cent; mechanical toys other manufacturers sales. The ratio for metal say, represent small establishments, with than trains, 9 per cent; and wheel goods toys as a whole ran 1000 tons of steel to a certain percentage steadily disappear- and sleds, 15.2 per cent, or a total of $400,000 in manufacturers’ sales value. ing from the scene, and various others 44.6 per cent. While the remainder re­ Steel requirements include sheets, strip, have not yet gotten back to full prewar quires some metal, the great bulk of wire, tin plate, cold drawn bars, nuts, employment. In fact, total employment steel and other metals consumed go into bolts, screws and a variety of other in the industry at present is estimated the above listed classifications. items. Specifications for sheets usually at being only a few thousand or so more A breakdown of the remaining 55.4 per include pickled, cold-rolled and annealed than in 1941. However, the general cent, interestingly, is as follows: Dolls, grades, ranging from 16 to 28 gage. Much end scrap, arising from shearing operation in automobile plants and stamping factories, normally finds its way into the manufacture of toys. At the same time, as in the case of toy automo­ biles, for body requirements, a high grade full finished auto body stock is used, usually around 22 gage. Considerable seamless tubing is used in the manufacture of velocipedes, scooters, express wagons and various other items. Wire for wheel spokes, usually 11 or 12 gage, runs into quite a considerable tonnage. In addition to numerous rolled steel products, there are die castings and small sand castings, all aggregating a fair tonnage, to say nothing of nonferrous requirements.

P ro d u c e d $5 0 0 M illion of W ar Goods During the war manufacturers of met­ al toys diverted production to emergency needs. For instance, 53 toy manufac­ turers alone turned out more than $266 million in direct war materials, not in­ cluding approximately $1 million of re­ creational items, such as required by the Red Cross and other wartime agencies. It was authoritatively estimated that production of war materials by die in­ dustry as a whole ran well in excess of $500 million with a number of companies receiving E awards in recognition of their services. However, with all reconversion Pr0 lems over, the industry is now back on a full peacetime basis, ready to further step up its operations over the next several months just as rapidly as steel an other raw materials become available. In addition to domestic demands diere are substantial inquiries from abroa Last year, 1945, exports of toys horn this country amounted to $2.8 ni' ion- This year shipments are expected to ru heavier. Interesting from a company standpoint is the export total of $o ° nI Scene in assembly division of electric toy train manufacturing plant lion in 1941. 6S /TE E L PRODUCTION

Production Administration at 136,000 pack threatened by loss of production of Steelmcm Cites tons, an increase of 24,000 tons over third tin mill products due to the steel strike. quarter quota. Charles Halcomb, government presid­ Increases were granted largely to areas ing officer at the meeting, said that sup­ Output Increase below the equator, notably Australia, ply conditions, which necessitated the New Zealand, South Africa and South issuance of the direction in February, are Since V-J Day America, where heaviest food pack comes not expected to continue through fourth in the fourth quarter and the first quarter quarter and, therefore, the restrictive Reconversion director reports of next year. Of the total allocation, channeling of tin mill products into almost full employment at­ these four areas will receive 94,250 tons. perishable food can production in that The exported tin plate will be used quarter may not be required. He also tained with production of ci­ entirely for preservation of food in or said that seasonal requirements for food vilian goods up $30 billion for famine-stricken countries and will take cans themselves will be diminishing after some of the pressure off domestic food September. WARNING that the threat of infla­ production. In addition, Mr. Halcomb pointed out tion still “casts a shadow over the future,” Members of the Tin Plate Industry hundreds of industries have undergone Reconversion Director John Steclman, Advisory Committee expressed unanimous severe hardships in attempting to main­ last week in a Victor)' Day statement, agreement at a recent meeting that the tain production on their slim share of reported the nation had achieved sub­ tin mill products order channeling 85 per the 15 per cent output of tin mill prod­ stantially full employment and record cent of these materials into the making ucts which is available to them under profits in the year since the Japanese of cans and closures for perishable foods, direction 9. surrender. pharmaceuticals and other so-called “A” Included in fourth quarter require­ Nearly production rate of goods and cans should not be continued in its pres­ ments for certified orders is a carryover services for civilians has jumped more ent form. Members did not agree, how­ of 80,000 tons for food cans and die than $30 billion since V-J Day, he re­ ever, as to whether the order (direction foreign relief program. Some of this car­ ported, while total construction has in­ 9 to M-21) should be revoked Sept. 30, ryover is not due to lack of production in creased almost four times. Nearly 250,000 or retained in modified form for the third quarter, manufacturers said, but to new businesses were established in the fourth quarter. This direction was issued inability to obtain packaging materials last half of 1945. Feb. 7 to safeguard the perishable food for delivery within the quarter. Profits of heavy industry sagged sliaqily during the year because of the loss of war contracts and high recon­ version costs, Director Steelman said, Present, Past and Pending hut in the rest of the economy he de­ clared profits after taxes were at the ■ GENERAL MOTORS DOMESTIC OUTPUT CONTINUES TO RISE highest levels on record. D e t r o it —For the third consecutive week, General Motors domestic output continued Income payments to individuals now to rise, amounting to 21,113 passenger cars and 7464 trucks for week ended Aug. 10. equal or exceed the war peak of $163 Supplier strikes now total 72 of which 57 are in this country. Total GM production li°n, being more than 60 per cent from Jan. 1 to Aug. 10 was 422,076 vehicles compared with 1,731,076 in the like wer the peacetime peak cf $100 billion period of 1941. m the hst quarter of 1941, he said. In attaining full employment nearly 5 mil- ■ FORGINGS PRICE SCHEDULE REVISED BY OPA 'on new jobs have been added, bringing W a s h in g t o n —Forgings producers undertaking production in newly constructed plants civilian employment to 58,100,000 com - have been placed under the same pricing provisions as forgers producing the same Pared with 51,200,000 in the period commodities on the base date under price regulation 351, which originally exempted immediately following V-J Day. new plant production from using the Oct. 1, 1941, base. The proportion of unemployment is ■ STEEL INDUSTRY CUTS ITS ACCIDENT FREQUENCY RATE P o a 1) the lowest for any peacetime N e w York—Steel industry reduced its frequency rate of accidents 0.77 points last year,since we became an industrial na- year to 7.23 per million manhours of work, moving from fifth to fourth place among lon, said the reconversion director, add- safe industries as listed by National Safety Council. Frequency average for all in­ |ng that no significant increase in jobless dustries reporting in 1945 was 13.63 accidents per million hours of work. is expected over the remainder of the ear with labor shortages beginning to ■ KAISER MAY BID FOR EAST CHICAGO STEEL PLANT l Pear m some areas and in some indust- C h ica g o —Henry J. Kaiser may submit a bid'for the blast furnace and ccke oven plant n\ier than 1 million demobilized built by the government in East Chicago, Ind., and now being offered for sale or lease eranS are still looking for jobs, he said. by WAA. Inland Steel Co., wartime operator and present lessee of die facilities, also >ung that during the last 60 days will submit a bid. j e have been no new strikes in key g p tn e s Steelman said, “if we can ■ OFFERS TO TRADE FINISHED PRODUCTS FOR SHEET STEEL mue this fine record for the next few C h ic a g o — Lyon Metal Products Inc., Aurora, 111., is offering to barter finished steel t o J ^ r sha11 be well on the way products for sheet metal. Any Lyon xiroduct in current production or any product r full peacetime production.” made to a customer’s own specifications, if ordered in production-run quantities, will be exchanged on a pound-for-pound basis for the steel furnished. T'n Plate Export Quotas ■ VETERANS FORCE ONE-DAY CLOSING OF 3 AUTO PLANTS P o n t ia c , M ic h .— A group of 200 war veterans paraded in front cf three General Mo­ UPPed for Fourth Q uarter tors plants here last Wednesday carrying signs demanding vacation pay allowances, fo fe°^\u Uarter alIocations of tin plate even though they had been employed less than one year. The plants were closed for I Ort ave been fixed by the Civilian the day since 13,000 workers refused to walk through the parade to their jobs.

‘August 19, 194Q 69 FOUNDRIES

SHIPMENTS OF GRAY IRON CASTINGS THOUSANDS SHORT TONS 1200

I I ' I 1---- 1----1» 1944 1 9 4 6 - BUREAU OF THE CEKSUS

Malleable castings shipments amounted to 61,650 short tons, down slightly from Foundry Shutdowns Looming the 62,598 tons moved in May. Ship­ ments of steel castings also were off. Acute shortages of pig iron and scrap threaten severe curb on amounting to 124,000 short tons, drop o 4 per cent from May and 16 per cent casting shop operations. Conference called to devise plan for under the postwar peak attained in Apn ■ averting serious check on production. Earmarking iron for Supply difficulties stem from a com­ bination of factors common to postw ar favored reconversion industries opposed adjustment of industry generally. How ever, conditions have been particu ar > iron pressure pipe by 25 per cent, and By WILLIAM M. ROONEY vexing and confusing for the foundries, News & Market Editor; STEEL for the production of all other products, being aggravated by the interference o except cast iron soil pipe, by 10 per cent. SEVERE curtailment of foundry opera­ government agencies with tire natura Certain furnaces located in the Pittsburgh tions threatens because of casting shops’ flow of raw materials. Chief comp am and Buffalo areas and eastern Pennsyl­ on this score is registered against c an inability to obtain pig iron and scrap vania who have received disproportion­ in sufficient volume to keep cupolas and neling of short pig iron supplies w o ate share of certified orders have been favored reconversion programs, sue a. electric fumaoes pouring at capacity. directed to reduce each such order for veterans housing, to the disadvantage o Several large gray iron foundries cur­ August delivery by 10 per cent. the regular run of castings production. rently are down and others are on cur­ Almost complete drying up of scrap tailed schedules. supplies and tire earmarking of pig iron Despite recovery in pig iron Pr0^ c So serious has the situation become, for favored industries have resulted in tion since the end of the coa s ’ output is insufficient to match deman a special meeting of the Gray Iron curtailment of castings output, which in Foundry Industry Advisory Committee turn is being felt by practically every In June, 3.39 million tons of pig ir0 with the Civilian Production Adminis­ manufacturing industry. Further, Mr. were produced, including 373,00 ° tration has been called for Aug. 20 in Hoenicke says, unless the forthcoming of malleable and foundry grades, Washington to discuss ways and means meeting can find a solution to the emer­ was a substantial gain compar " of alleviating the supply shortage. The gency, the entire gray iron foundry in­ May output of 2.25 million tons, u■ meeting was called on request of Ed­ dustry faces severe curtailment with con­ production of foundry and ma ward C. Hoenicke, general manager of sequent reduction in practically all metal grades was less than half that & the Foundry Division, Eaton Mfg. Co., manufacturing. to meet estimated foundry require® Cleveland. Fighting desperately to increase pro­ Currently the foundries are en In a move to correct inequitable dis­ duction, castings producers have been taining a tremendous volume o tribution of pig iron supply, the Civilian losing ground lately, shipment data for and their order backlogs are g® ^ Production Administration last week June showing declines in all ferrous cast­ Unfilled orders for gray ton ordered a revision in purchase authoriza­ ing categories. Gray iron castings ship­ the end of June amounted to • ^ tions for August. The agency has re­ ments during the month were off 3 per tons, an increase of 6 per f«nt^ eabIe duced authorizations to purchase mer­ cent from May, totaling 735,000 short May total. New orders fo chant pig iron during August in the tons. Of the total, 436,000 tons were castings in the month, less southern area for the production of cast castings for sale, dcwn 4 per cent. were up 11 per cent over - -> FOUNDRIES

43,429 tons. Unfilled orders for steel One indignant foundryman says con­ which validates the carryover of self­ castings were off slightly from May, tinuance of direction 13 to M-21 would certified castings orders placed for Sep­ amounting to 361,000 tons. lesult only in numerous holes in the tember delivery but stipulates that such The shortage of foundry scrap is par­ ground throughout the country with be treated as CC orders for the month of ticularly critical and there is little pros­ plenty of cast iron pipe lying about for October only. pect of any early improvement in supply months awaiting delivery of lumber and Despite the steel industry’s strenu­ unless the newly launched salvage drive other materials before building can be ous attempts to get more scrap, the short­ of the government is successful. Foun­ started. Meanwhile, industries in dire age has resulted in idle open-hearth dry industry' spokesmen have been urg- need of gray iron castings go without. furnaces, causing a daily loss of enough ing the government to step up return of Some improvement in the foundrv steel to make 2150 automobiles or battlefield scrap to this country and only situation is anticipated at the end of nails enough to build approximately 15,- last week were assured this was being September when direction 13 to M-21 000 small homes, according to R. W. done. Surplus shipping is being used expires. Last week in reviving the CC Wolcott, chairman, Committee on Iron to bring back battlefield scrap as a quick preference rating system, CPA issued, and Steel Scrap, American Iron & Steel means of solving the shortage but the among other orders, direction 14 to M-21 Institute. flow is pitifully small while the bureau­ crats look on the project with a fishy e>'c, pointing out the difficulties entailed S u m m a r y o f P r o d u c t io n o f I r o n a n d S t e e l P r o d u c t s in collecting, sorting and shipping. As a result of the acute scrap shortage (N et tons) the gray iron foundries are being forced Product 1 1945 1944 1943 to use larger pig iron charges in their 1942 1941 melts. This added drag on available Pig Iron: stockpiles without corresponding increase B asic...... 39,806,9.32 45,886,008 45.374,662 43,532,865 39.7^59,841 Bessem er...... 8,255.513 9,756,836 10,258.788 9,865,220 9,022,343 in blast furnace production is leading to Low phosphorus...... 514,063 474,686 538,832 562.672 474,428 increasing stringency in supply. If the F oundry...... 2,248,887 2,190,681 2,059,501 2,546,530 2,760,827 foundries are to make any appreciable M alleable...... 2,350,070 2,494,059 2,393,241 2,399,520 2,417,137 1,074 headway against the huge order accumu­ All other...... 187,048 204,569 185,646 169,137 104,901 lations for castings from manufacturing T o tal...... 53,223.169 61,007,439 60,810,670 industry in general, currently idle blnst 59,075,944 55,100,551 "maces must be restored to production. Ferro-Alloys: At the end of June there were 35 blast Ferro-manganese and spiegel... 706,078 809,638 803.023 785,103 730,009 Ferro-silicon...... 817,849 837,944 923,450 880,843 729.716 furnaces dependent on Lake Superior All other...... 171,933 211,177 232,204 161,414 120.328 mon ore idle for one reason or another, T o tal...... 1,695,860 1,858,759 1,959,277 1,827,360 1,586.053 n addition a number of stacks depen­ dent on ore from other fields were cold, Total Pig Iron & Ferro-Alloys. . 54,919.029 62,806,198 62,769,947 60.903,304 56,686,604 n many instances these furnaces are 8teel (ingots & steel for castings): inactive because of inability' to produce Open hearth—basic...... 71,069,876 79,168,294 77,207,870 75,183,005 73.312,851 4 a profit under current OPA price “ " — acid...... 869.726 1,195.659 1,413,934 1,318,892 1,070,768 5,039,923 C|e ules. Government subsidizing of Bessem er...... 4,305,318 5,625,492 5,553,424 5,678,071 E lectric...... 3,456,704 4,237,699 4,589,070 3,974,540 2,869,256 era of these furnaces has been sug­ Crucible...... 24 25 146 2,010 2,313 gested as an answer to the problem but Total Steel...... 79,701,618 89,641,600 88,836,512 86,031,931 82,839,259 *> tar nothing has come of the idea. It «still m the proposal stage with financ- Finished Hot Rolled Products: "f, prob,ems standing in the way of Plates—universal...... 1,228,676 1,676,100 • 1,603,247 1.825,372 1,265,904. action. “ — sheared...... 0,017,212 11,447,323 11,515.693 9.974,228 4,933,611 Sheets—hot rolled...... 12,067,4S7 10,339,080 9,403.002 9,199,273 13,602,685 S trip ...... 2,542,935 2,593,107 2,125,221 1,901,153 2,540,074 Sclf-CertifiCation Causes Confusion Strip and sheets for cold reduced black plate and tin plate...... 4,436,924 4,177,865 2,982,379 3,281,860 4,328,111 H oops...... 51,891 68,596 60.884 93,071 108,722 timDjreCti°,n 13 t0 M‘21’ issued some ago y the Civilian Production Ad- Cotton ties and baling bands.. . 34,210 35,892 46,212 54,895 44,481 Black plate...... 941 556 21,098 238.199 490,811 wirtT f 1™,’ n'^S a Particularly sore spot ‘ foundrymen. This order provides T o tal...... 26,380,282 30,338,519 27,757.736 26.568,051 27,314,439 macL 'Wrtlflcatlon of castings for farm Bars—merchant...... 9,649,412 10,532,250 11,383.501 10,110,222 9,143,455 628,944 474,546 1,829,760 1,835.243 2 meiy- Hrake shoes and certain “ -—concrete reinforcement. . 834,800 'nto housing, and for the T o ta l...... 10,484,218 11,161,194 11,858,047 11,939,982 10,978,698 duoimr0n °1 pig ir0n to foundries pro- Structural shapes—heavy...... 3,571,683 3,824.106 *3,809,736 4,944,670 4,670,782 ttg such castings. Generally speak- “ “ — ligh t...... 895,481 852,375 *706,108 871,651 1,053,454 hy th S ' lewed as a political maneuver Steel piling...... 188,639 128,879 36,970 152,688 209,183 R ails...... 2,417,520 2,490,656 2,126,996 2,096.159 1,927,851 forcede0n c p î g A d m in istratio n , b e in g Splice bars and tie plate bars... 850.638 862,383 *097,766 745,150 742,382 égaient. Th agj nSt tbe ktter’S better Skelp...... 2,891,023 3.049.682 3,022,398 2.900,741 3,637,674 than in °rder> !t is said, rather Blanks or pierced billets...... 3,384,489 3.677,631 *3,356,829 3.039,174 2,945,921 Wire rods...... 4,531,157 4.646,298 4,693,798 4,632,017 5,268,423 bas resuh!^S1-ng production of castings, Rolled forging billets...... 3,566,697 3,762,575 3,796,931 2,881.687 1.769.816 i ? o 1 m SUCh COnfusion as to de- Blooms, billets, etc., for export. 178,000 468,088 825,966 1,194,636 1,158,519 s*°Pped U At many Poiuts work has Car wheels (rolled steel)...... 291,375 291,529 233,915 234,794 269,911 250,064 stages of" numer0us houses in various All other...... 170,807 309,477 244,514 377,234 cast imn COnStu'ctio n > n o t fo r la c k of Total Hot Rolled Products.... 59,811.669 65,803,979 63,292.673 1 62,445,914 62,324.187 ihortag« (*Pe ,but rather because of ♦ Revised. 1Itag« of nails, lumber, etc. Source, American Iron & Steel Institute. A«gust 19, i946 71 FREIGHT RATES

computing the freight factor from ship­ Effect of Freight Rate Rise on ping point to destination. When com­ puting the price of comparable prime material and the price for secondary or Warehouse Steel Prices Clarified rejected tin plate and short teme sheets, the seller may use the increased freight Freight factor from basing point to destination, when used in rates. formula computation of delivered prices, may be raised by Distributors selling prime heavy line amount of July 1 rate increase, OPA rules. Reseller must absorb steels (carbon steel hot and cold-rolled sheets and strip, bars, plates and struc­ rise in actual freight rate from shipping point to destination turais) may use the new freight rates (Please turn to Page 182) EXTENT to which steel warehouse­ shipments, prices may reflect the in­ men and jobbers are permitted to re­ creased freight rates for these grades of flect the July 1 freight rate increase in steel. Steel Ingot Production their ceiling prices, computed under re­ Resellers of new cotton bale ties may vised price schedule No. 49, was outlined not use the increased freight rates except Highest in 12 Months recently by the Oil ice of Price Admin­ in figuring a freight factor from shipping Production of steel ingots and steel for istration. point to destination. In selling used cotton castings during July was highest of any The freight factor from governing bas­ bale ties, they may use the new freight month since July, 1945, according to the ing point to destination, generally used rates from the applicable port to desti­ American Iron & Steel Institute. July in determining delivered prices, may nation. output was 6,598,864 net tons, at 84.i bo increased by the amount of the in­ Warehousemen selling secondary or per cent of capacity, compared with a crease in freight rates. However, the rejected grades of hot and cold-rolled revised figure of 5,624,826 tons in June, increase in the actual freight rate from sheets and strip, plates, tin mill black at 74.4 per cent. In July, 1945, pro­ shipping point to destination must be plate, semifinished products, and coated duction was 6,985,571 tons, at the rate absorbed by the reseller. sheets, other than tin plate and short of 86.3 per cent of capacity. Warehousemen of merchant trade ternes, may use' the new freight rate in For the first seven months this year products, when computing maximum ever)' instance where freight is a factor total production was 33,928,018 to s, prices by use of their Apr. 16, 1941, sell­ in the formula provided under the price compared with 50,128,653 tons in t » ing prices, may use the higher freight schedule for figuring a maximum price. comparable period in 1945. This decline factor from shipping point to destina­ In figuring maximum delivered prices was due mainly to the steel and s'fi tion; when computing prices by formula for all other secondary or rejected new coal strikes early in the year, and also provided in the schedule, they may com­ iron and steel products, the higher to shortage of pig iron and scrap i> pute all freight factors on the basis of freight rates may be used only in later months. the higher freight rates. For direct mill shipments, resellers may compute their STEEL INGOT PRODUCTION STATISTICS prices by the same method that their Based on reports by companies which In 1944 made 97.6% of the open hearth, 100% of the source of supply is permitted to use un­ bessemcr and 85.8% of the electric ingot and steel for castings production C alculated der provisions of price schedule No. 6. - Estimated Production—All Com panies produc- ber Distributors of pipe and tubular prod­ —Open Hearth— —Bessemer— ------Electric------Tot Per cent Per cent Per cent :Percent lion all ucts may include the higher freight rates Net of Net of Net of Net of companies wee* 1946 tons capac. tons capac. tons capac. tons capac. N e t tons In mo. in figuring their maximum prices only if 874,053 4.43 Jam .... 3,528,090 51.1 207,512 47.4 136,452 29.2 3,872,054 49.6 4.00 they are permitted to use the formulas Feb...... 1.300,944 20.9 25,905 6.6 65,668 15.6 1,392,517 19.8 348,129 4.43 March .. 5,946,698 86.2 6.507,047 83.3 1,468,859 363,949 83.1 196,400 42.0 915,367 12.86 provided in RPS-49. If the seller must 1st q tr ... 10,775,732 53.8 597,366 47.0 398,520 29.4 11,771,618 51.9 1,366,028 4.29 use his own Apr. 16, 1941, selling prices, Apr...... 5,333,139 79.8 286,088 67.5 241.031 53.3 5,860,25S 77.5 4.43 52.2 919,289 May .... 3,699.979 53.6 153,409 35.0 219,064 46.9 4.072,452 1,311.148 4.29 the higher freight rates will not change June . . . 5,145,594 77.0 251,253 59.2 227,979 50.4 5,624,826 74.4 1,195.814 13.01 2nd q tr.. 14,178,712 69.9 690,750 53.7 688,074 50.1 15,557,536 67.9 his maximum prices. For direct mill ship­ 1,056,403 25.57 24,954,444 61.9 1,288,116 50.4 1,086,594 39.8 27,320,154 59.9 ments, the seller may use the higher 1st 6 mos. 1,492,956 4.42 July 6,009,670 87.3 . 365.384 83.6 223,810 48.0 6,598,864 84.7 freight rates in figuring the maximum 1945 4.43 7,204,312 88.8 1,626,256 delivered prices. Jan ...... 6,469,340 90 5 379,062 76.0 355.910 76.8 1,663,191 4.00 Feb...... 5,968,326 92.4 347,227 77.1 337,212 80.6 6,652,765 90.8 1,739.487 4.43 Tool steel jobbers may not adjust their 7,705,929 95.0 Mar...... 6,927,939 96.9 398,351 79. S 379,639 81.9 1,676,750 12.86 79.7 21.563,006 91.5 maximum prices because of the increased 1st. qtr... 19,365,605 93.3 1,124,640 77.6 1,072,761 1,699.274 freight rates. For direct mill shipments, Apr...... 6,541,627 94.5 372,952 77.2 375,308 83.6 7,289.887 92.8 1,681,640 4.43 May .... 6,664,117 93.2 402,100 80.6 383,450 82.7 7,449,667 91.8 4.29 6,S40,522 87.1 1,594,527 the reseller may use the same freight June ----- 6,129,763 88.5 379, S07 78.6 330,952 73. T 1,653,730 13.01 2nd q tr.. 19,335,507 92.1 1.154,859 78.8 1.089,710 80.0 21.580,076 90.6 25.87 factor permitted their source of supply 43.143,082 91.0 1,667,6® 1st 6 mos. 38,701,112 92.7 2,279,499 78.2 2,162.471 79.9 1,580,446 4.42 under provisions of RPS-6. July ___ 6,318,975 88.6 381,832 76.7 284,764 61.6 6,985,571 56.3 1,294.654 4.43 Aug...... 5,172,344 72.3 347,088 69.5 215.885 46.6 5,735,317 70.7 1,397,775 4.2S Warehouses handling all grades of al­ 5,982,475 76.3 Sept...... 5,435,799 7S.7 352,847 73.2 193,829 43.3 1,424,475 13.13 18,703,363 77.8 loy structural shapes, plates, strip and 3rd q tr... 16,927,118 79.9 1.081,767 73.1 694,478 50.5 1,585,806 39.00 sheets (except stainless and low-alloy 9 m os.. . . 55,628.230 88.4 3,361,266 76.5 2,856,949 70.0 61,846,445 86.6 4.43 1,263,381 4.29 Oct...... 5,146,787 72.0 242,122 48.5 207,867 44.8 5.596,776 69.0 1,445,330 high-tensile or low-alloy corrosion steels), 44.7 6,200.466 78.9 4.42 Nov...... 5,641,308 81.5 358,664 74.2 200.494 74.8 1,370,574 if they use their Apr. 16, 1941, selling Dec...... 5,523,277 77.4 343,266 68.9 191,394 41.4 6,057,937 13.M 74.2 1,358,842 4th qtr.. . 16,311,372 76.9 944,052 63.8 599,755 *13.6 17.855,179 26.27 prices, may not include the higher freight 76.0 1,391,646 ?nd 6 mos. 33.23S.490 78.4 2,025,819 68.5 1,294,233 47.1 36,558,542 52.14 83.5 1 rates in computing prices except in figur­ Total . . . 71,939,602 S5.5 4,305.318 73.3 3,456,704 63.4 79,701,624 beartfc ing the freight factor from shipping point For 1945 percentages are calculated on weexiy capacities ui --- toiai 31,63» 112,658 tons of bessemer and 104,640 tons of electric ingots and steel in,500 w , 1tons. to destination. If the seller is permitted tons; based on annual capacities as of Jan. 1, 1945 as follows: Open near * ^ to use the formula provided in RPS-49, bessemer 5.S74.000 tons, electric 5,455,890 tons. Q net tons open For 1946 percentages are calculated on weekly capacities of f'^ ;T j> astings. totfi tons- the factors in the formula may reflect the 98,849 net tons bessemer and 105,491 net tons electric ingots and steel iot si, 2 3 6 , 250 net net tons; based on annual capacities as of Jan. 1, 1946, as f o l l o w s : O p e n n increased freight rates. For direct mill bessemer 5,154,000 net tons, electric 5,500,290 net tons, total 91,890.540 net / T E E L MACHINE TOOLS

Surplus Tools Moving Slowly From Storage

Many difficulties beset dis­ posal program. Paper work not yet prepared for many ¡ferns

DETROIT SALES of surplus machine tools and equipment from warehouses of the WAA have now been under way for nearly two mo. ths, but on many tools the necessary paper work including the required Form "0 has not been prepared, even after as long as a year. Beyond this, there seem to be unending difficulties besetting the en­ tire program in this area. First the agency ran out of funds at the end of June and had to borrow to make payments to truckers. Then a jurisdic­ tional dispute between teamsters and riggers threatened to stop all movements ol machines. Then a proposal to figure pricing on standard base prices and give away special tooling to dealers to cover cost of removing it was rescinded in favor of an attempt to realize 25 cents on the dollar for tooling, which proved unwork­ able. Then the requirement for written in­ i n c r e a s e s e n a m e l 'OUTPUT quiries to be received in order to put "hold” tags on tools was dropped, with S' STS £ T T tsr X -^ the result a flood of dealers and agents household appliances T'” S J"J ™ ri|h<"hc finishes with greotir resistance descended on warehouses requesting 'Z " a n d grease ,han prewar enamel. “hold” orders on machines before they were even sold. As surplus sales proceed, it is often nec­ essary to make substitutions in requests list have loosened up and are now being cent, advances ranging from 6 to 16 per fcr specific type of machine—one make shipped in adequate amounts to support cent have been established on standard for another, etc. Being unfamiliar with the the current rate of machine tool buildn g. tools and up to the maximum of -0 per different makes of machines, the WAA Bearings have .also become more readily cent on larger special equipment. The staff is unable to handle such substitutions available. , industry has been doing everything pos­ effectively and sales are slowed. Some experts in the trade believe t e sible to bold prices down but increased recent slump in new demand is directly Warehouse No. 9 here is clogged with production costs are expected to force an 223 acres of equipment, only half of it attributable to the aggressive sales pro­ additional advance of 10 per cent in heavy wider roof. More is moved in as fast as gram for machine tools which is being machinery items. disposals are made and equipment out in carried out by the W ar Assets Adminis­ the open is at the mercy of the elements tratio n . except for tarpaulins. It is difficult to per­ Supply Position of Machine suade operators of the warehouse to re- Tool Builders Improving Builders Expect To Step Up roove tarpaulins to show the machinery Tool Production Soon unless an actual customer is on hand, and Cleveland—A marked improvement in there appear to be no plans to erect pro­ shipments of raw materials and compo­ Cincinnati—A step-up in production nents to the machine tool industry is be sought soon by machine tool tective covering before winter. w ill noted. Various shortages which had be­ builders here to achieve a better delivery come critical during the second quarter Higher Prices Expected on position. Labor troubles have faded and and had threatened a curtailment c vacations are out

2. Withdrawal of protecdon of die Teamsters Union-AFL and the Long­ Changes Urged act from unions which strike for ob­ shoremen and Warehousemen-CIO to jectives contrary to the act or which unload AFL-manned ships at Coos Bay, could be achieved by orderly processes Oreg. In W agner Act, under the act. This protection consists of 4. Transfer die prosecuting and NLRB the right of reinstatement with back pay enforcement functions to the Depart­ NLRB Procedures for employees. ment of Labor. This step, lie said, would 3. Grant to the NLRB the power to make the board only a fact-finding and G erard D. Reilly, retiring from cope with unions engaging in second­ judicial body and increase public con­ ary boycotts, such as the refusal of the fidence in its impartial functions. board after five years, sug­ gests more freedom of speech for employers Maritime Union Calls Strike Against Lake CHANGES in Wagner Act and the Shipping; Threatens Ore, Coal Movement procedures of the National Labor Rela­ tions Board to clarify the status of su­ EFFECTIVENESS of a Great Lakes The NMU imported pickets and other pervisory employees and to give em­ shipping strike called by the National strike workers from salt water ports. The ployers greater freedom of speech in Maritime Union Aug. 15 remained in union claimed to have $1,000,000 ear­ organization campaigns were recom­ doubt at week’s end. The NMU, which marked for the strike and was preparing mended by Gerard D. Reilly last week to set up “soup stations” at lower lake as he retired after five years’ service has contracts with companies operating with die NLRB. less than 10 per cent of the total bulk parts for the strikers. Ship operators contended the unions Mr. Reilly frequently has differed freighters on die lakes and which ship sharply with his colleagues on the board operators say represents only about 5 demand tor a 40-hour week was only on questions involving the unionization per cent of the men sailing the lakes, camouflage for a demand for more of foremen and on how much employ­ is asking for a 40-hour week instead of wages, other than those contained in ers should be allowed to say to em­ the present 56-hour week, pay increases their straight time demands. Nature of ployees about unionization. and other concessions. lake shipping, diey hold, makes a 40- The retiring board member said he Whether or not the NMU will be able hour week unfeasible. believes die Wagner Act is basically to make the tieup of lake shipping ef­ The NMU has been attempting to or­ sound as the foundation of a national fective depends on the extent to which ganize Great Lakes shipping for several labor policy, but added that it would they can influence other unions at ports years, but has met with poor success. be more effective if it eliminated sec­ and terminals and the non-union sea­ Despite the lack of strength of the ondary boycotts and strikes for repre­ men. At week’s end the situation was NMU on the lakes, it was considered sentation and illegal objectives. spotty, with some shipping being inter­ possible that the strike could serious!) Mr. Reilly suggested six changes, two rupted and some proceeding as usual. hamper the movement of iron ore, coa in NLRB procedure and four altera­ tions in the Wagner Act, which would require congressional approval. The NLRB, he said, should: 1. Give to employers the right to petirion for bargaining elections where a union claims bargaining rights and threatens to strike widiout resordng to NLRB procedure. Under present rules, an employer can pedtion only if two or more unions are contesting for rep­ resentation. 2. Accord to employers die right, co­ relative with the unions, to speak freely during union organizing campaigns, the only condition being that employers do not indmidate or discharge employees engaging in union activity. “I diink the employer should have the right to speak pretty freely to his employees about the long-term effect of unionization of his plants co-relative with the right of the union to say anything it pleases.” Mr. Reilly suggested these changes in the Wagner Act: 1. Clarification of the status of su­ pervisory employees. No administrative agency should have the authority, he contended, to certify such employees in Joseph Curran, left, president of the National Maritime Union, which ca e ^ bargaining units since the subject was strike against Great Lakes shinning, confers with Secretary of Labor clli never discussed during debate and en­ bach, center, and Harry Bridges, head of the Longshoremen & Ware ious actment of the Wagner Act. Union, right. NEA photo LABOR

and other commodities, already lagging behind normal. Some speculation on Canada's Metalworking Plants Receiving (he possibility that the government might seize lake shipping should the tieup be Only 25% of Steel Needs as Strike Continues effective was heard in shipping centers.

TORONTO against just over 2000 at the start of the Lamson & Sessions Strike STALEMATE has developed in the strike. Workers are reported receiving Settled After 117 Days Canadian steel strike and settlement 24 hours pay for an 8-hour work-day. appears no closer than it was four weeks Lack of steel deliveries to many plants A strike of 117 days duration at the ago. The steel companies, Steel Co. of in Canada is having telling effect on Cleveland plant of the Lamson & Ses­ Canada Ltd., Algoma Steel Corp., and civilian production schedules. This week sions Co. was ended last week when Dominion Steel & Coal Corp. Ltd., have Massey-Harris Co. laid off 5000 workers workers voted to accept a compromise declined to raise their wage increase of­ because it lacked steel to maintain "age proposal providing for an increase fers, and the union leaders show no dis­ agricultural implement production. Rail­ of 17 cents an hour retroactive to Mar. position to soften their demands. road rolling stock and locomotive builders 1. Union officials said 97 per cent of the Of the big three steel producers, the are slowing down on production lines and workers approved the proposal. About Steel Co. of Canada Ltd., Hamilton, is it is reported that they are not taking on 1000 workers are affected. the only one producing iron and steel. new export business. The compromise settlement provided S telco has commenced shipments of The steel supply situation in Canada is for dues checkoff but did not include a steel from its Hamilton works, taking tightening rapidly and despite some closed shop provision which had been the finished materials out by boat, as the improvement in imports of both pig iron sought by the union, the United Auto­ railways refuse to run the picket lines. and finished steel from the United States, mobile Workers. The first shipment was reported leaving the supply is less than 25 per cent of the Hamilton plant on Sunday night for actual needs. While several companies Government Won't Seize an undisclosed destination. From the have laid off thousands of workers due beginning of the strike ships have been to steel shortage, substantially greater Strike-Bound Case Plants unloading iron ore and coal at the lay-offs and shutdowns are expected be­ Stelco docks on plant property, but this fore the end of this week. President Truman has decided against is the first time vessels have been used Foundry operations in Canada also edcral seizure of the strike-bound plants of the J. I. Case Co. as not being in the to ship steel out of the plant. have been seriously affected by shortage Public interest, the White House an-- Stelco has been steadily stepping up of pig iron with no deliveries from the nounced last week. production of both iron and steel and three big producers, and only a small fhe closure of the farm machinery last week announced the blowing in of a percentage of requirements being, filled company in Racine, Wis., does not con­ second blast furnace. According to word by Canadian Furnace Co. at Port Col- stitute a national emergency of the char­ from Hamilton about 2700 workers are home and by imports from the United acter warranting seizure, the President now operating within the plant grounds States. e ieves. White House spokesmen said 't "as reasonable to believe the same at- Alt o ,W°Uld Re t£>ken regarding the GOVERNMENT CONTROL DIGEST “‘"-Chalmers plants at West Allis, Wis. OFFICE OF PRICE ADMINISTRATION bearings increased, effective Aug. 8, from 1 Warehouses: Warehouse resellers of alloy to 2^ cents per pound. (MPR-136; OPA-T- Subsidy Purchasing of steel products, screen wire cloth, nails, brads, 4850) staples and bale tie wire may add to their max­ Ground Coal: Sales of ground coal used for Sheet Bars Revived by RFC imum prices the amount of increases recently foundry facings and dealer sales of bagged granted producers. smithing coal as well as the service of bagging Reconstruction Finance Corp. is re- Resellers of iron and steel products who truck smithing coal have been exempted from price control, effective Aug. 8. The ground coal te to have made new agreements them to buyers at a cost less than that of ordin­ ary freight need not deduct the resultant savings exemption applies to both ground bituminous- or purchasing sheet bars from Jones & from their ceilings unless trucking services were coal and ground anthracite or car wheel mineral. ‘Jughhn Steel Corp. and Sharon Steel specifically requested by the buyer. Warehouse (MPR-166; OPA-6664) resellers are also permitted to include in their CIVILIAN PRODUCTION ADMINISTRATION rp'. be resold to four noninte- maximum prices for prime hot and cold-rolled Building Materials: Nails, specified builders =r«ed sheet mills. steel sheets and strip the specified extras for hardware, specified electrical wiring devices, drawing quality. Galvanized and galvannealed metal doors and frames, metal window sash fur l'greeinent with Sharon provides sheets, long teme and enameling sheets have and frames, metal plaster base, boilers (low- Dec Si PULrchase of mOOO tons by been added to those products for which the pressure, residential types) furnaces (floor and drawing ouality extra is allowed. (MPR-49; wall), and registers and grilles for heating sys­ the f n f° distributed equally among OPA-T-4871) tems have been added to schedule A of prior­ On fJ 'u 'nS companies: Superior Steel Cast Iron Soil Pipe: An increase of 2 per cent, ities regulation 33, permitting issuance of or $1.75 per ton, for cast iron soil pipe and fit­ “HH” ratings to assist procurement for tin* ver’ n antAn> ° ' : Reeves Steel Co-> Do- tings became effective Aug. 13, reflecting in­ Veterans’ Emergency Housing Program. Nails, MaW P0,1° Steel Co-> Apollo, Pa.; creases in costs since May 25 when OPA al­ builders’ hardware and electrical wiring devices lowed an increase of 6.5 per cent. (RPS-100; were added to the list of materials for which RFC u ’n ley Steel Co-’ NiIes> °- The OPA-T-4884) “HKH’* ratings may be granted to veterans* more tl! ? subsidy aggregating not Kitchen Utensils: Ceiling prices on cast iron temporary reuse housing project contractors. ton a ’ 0,000 at a rate of $7 a and enamel kitchen utensils increased 5 per cent, The *‘HH” and “HHH” ratings for nails have ' V i thc freight differential. effective Aug. 5. (MPR-188; OPA-6677) no effect on orders placed with producers, be­ Grain Machinery: An interim increase of 8 ing effective only against distributors. c|udes 25 000 f agreement in- per cent over base date maximum sales price Nails have also been added to list 1 to direc­ for producers of grain machinery and equipment tion 8 of PR-33 which includes materials for three °ns to be Purchased over authorized July 26. (MPR-136; OPA-T-4789) which prefabricators may get “HH” ratings for Brass Screw Machine Products: An interim the manufacture of prefabricated houses. 4 a ; r tSheSellingPriCetothe additional increase of 1.9 per cent in ceiling Direction 11 to PR-33, covering special as­ Sharon ! Same as covered in the prices of screw machine products made en­ sistance for veterans’ temporary reuse housing freight i f f 6“ 6114, WiU be 838 Plus the tirely of brass made effective Aug. 8. (MPR- projects, was amended to permit producers of 136; OPA-T-4852) certain materials to charge AAA-rated deliveries a ton,,h\ the RFC ceiling « * price. Nonferrous Bushings and Bearings: Prices for against the 20 per cent ceiling provision on nonferrous bushings and journal and sleeve certified HH-rated orders. (PR-33; CPA-517) Al'gust 19, i 94e 75 Windows of Washington

Trimming of wartime bureaucracy back to peacetime dimensions to that one. Best view is that at least a year will pass before they wash out, and slow and painful process. Federal Pay Act calls for reduction some may linger on much longer. Top of several hundred thousand government employees by next officials say they are anxious to rid them­ July. Extent of severances uncertain selves of their jobs, close up shop and get back to their own businesses in pri­ DEMOBILIZATION or the wartime to assume direction of certain reconver­ vate life. But all insist that there still is bureaucracy created to steer economic sion programs, these newcomers serving a lot of work that remains to be done affairs on the home front is proving a to offset the savings expected through before the country gets back to normal. more prolonged process than generally liquidation of wartime bureaus. This is probably true, though the thought had been anticipated. Of course, the complexion of these persists that a great deal of this recon­ Here it is a year since the lighting war agencies has changed. Only a few of version work could be shifted to perma­ ended and many of these war-born the old timers on the top personnel level nently established government agencies agencies are still functioning at the old remain on the job, they having pretty without sacrifice of efficiency. stand. True, there has been consider­ well cleared out of Washington in favor It is clear that many war agencies are able watering-down of operations, and of their old positions in private industry going to be with us much longer than more of the same is in the offing, but or moved on to other posts in govern­ we had bargained for. Certainly, the Washington still is cluttered with a long ment. Actually, life in these bureaus is new lease on life which the Office of list of offices and bureaus sprawled a rather tame affair compared with the Price Administration was able to wring through various buildings and spilling hustle-bustle of wartime. No longer is from a reluctant Congress, would seem over into the White House, all ostensibly the Social Security Building, home of to support the - idea that wartime bu­ concerned with the job of liquidating the the old War Production Board, the busy reaucracy is not going to quit without a war program and jacking the economy hive it once was. Businessmen are not fight, all pious statements of the bureau­ back into its peacetime groove. coming to town as often as they did in crats to the contrary notwithstanding. All of which adds up to the fact that the old days and the boys and girls in Large Cutbacks in the Offing the alphabet bureaucracy is far from the various bureaus are not under the dead, still employing thousands, and pressure they once were. One encouraging feature of the situa­ grinding out directives, regulations and Right along there is a lot of office tion is that not only has considerable press releases by the ream. shifting and personnel changing going headway been made toward winding up Some of these wartime agencies are on. In fact, guards in the Social Security affairs in certain directions but the next operating under new names—the War Building are somewhat confused by the few months may see some severe pruning Production Board being an outstanding goings on, not knowing from one day to of the bureaucratic tree generally. Such example in this respect, it now being the the next where this or that office is lo­ pruning is expected to result in terminat­ Civilian Production Administration. Also, cated. It must be a lot of “fun” for them ing thousands of employees from govern­ numerous bureaus have been merged to steering perplexed visitors about the ment payrolls over the next year. The reduce the listings in the official govern­ ornate structure. paring knife is being applied to expenses ment directory. However, since end of How long will these war agencies last? not only upon the urging of President the war several new agencies have arisen Well, no one seems to have the answer Truman but because such retrenchment is made necessary under the Federal Pay Act which also provides a 14 per cent hike in pay for federal employees. The Federal Pay Act carries a “reduc­ tion-in-force” amendment calling for re duction of several hundred thousan ni federal employees by July 1, 194 present the government payroll num ers 2,322,000 employees. However, there is a conflict beween the Dirksen amen ment to the Pay Act and the Third c' ficiency Act which may prove to e job-saver for thousands now on the pay*

It appears that while the Dirksen amendment was passed in June Pr0' ^ ing for reduction in forces, the Deficiency' Act, enacted later, gh“ Budget Bureau discretion in detenmn S the rate of layoffs. Whether ^ e ficiency Act supersedes the m en the Dirksen amendment is a ques which must be settled before t lie ax The Third Deficiency Act state*¡it Judge John Caskie Collet, left, confers tcith Reconversion Director Steelman not the intention to alter or nio i. ^ with whom he will he associated in directing reconversion activities. Judge personnel ceiling set up under t e ^ Collet will have no formal title but will occupy an office adjoining Steelman s sen amendment and that an> 1Ilcr ^ in the east wing of the White House. NEA photo personnel granted one agency

./TEE L 76 AUTOMATIC MACHINE COMPANY “ENIAC”, the electronic com- putor developed for the Ordnance s e e s m a n r Department, can do 100 man- hours of mathematical work in two hours. It is expected to revo­ T i m G S lutionize the mathematics of en­ gineering.

get ready with CONE fo r tomorrow It is reported that International Harvester is es­ American Optical Company has tablishing a manufacturing re­ developed a sight-testing instru­ search center with 350 men chosen President Buckley of Bell Tele­ ment which will make 14 vision from its plants all over the country. phone Laboratories describes a tests in three minutes. television tube np bigger than a get ready with GONE for tomorrow pocket flashlight. get ready with CONE fort oinorrow Westinghouse has a bacteriacidal gel ready with G 0 N E fur to morrow ultra-violet lamp to insert in milk Beech Aircraft is developing a cans that reduces bacteria count 6-passenger automobile with a The new building of the Amer­ 96% in one minute. 90-horsepower air-cooled engine ican Stone Company in St. Louis that drives a generator powering will have an electrically controlled get ready with CONE for I oni or row separate electric motors on the wheels. car suspended from the roof for The 6-mile canal dredged to washing windows. -f supply the Dow magnesium plant gel read} w i I li (¡ONE for I u m or row at Velasco, Texas, with sea water gel ready vrilh C 0 N E f o r tomorrow is also serving as a freight artery. Martin Senour Company has developed a method of paint mix­ A plastic molding press weigh­ get ready with CONE for tomorrow ing 17 lbs. and costing about §30 ing that will produce 1000 tints is offered by N. R. K. Manufactur­ Tucson Laundry Company has with accuracy from 6 basic colors. ing & Engineering Company of started twice-a-week laundry pick­ The idea is being tested at a Chicago. up service by air over a distance “paint bar” in a metropolitan de­ of 60 miles. partment store. gel ready with C 0 N E for tomorrow International Business Machines has a 6-key Braille typewriter and will give away the first thousand to blind veterans.

get ready win, GONE for t

. Du Pont has announced a new, improved translucent “metallic” fcquer for automobiles called Metalli-Chrome”

Set ready with CONE for tomorrow

Two former military pilots have established American Flyaw ay service, at Dayton, Ohio, to de- iver personal aircraft from manu- tacturers to dealers.

»el ready with CONE for tomorrow rt?? ^.s l°nSest over-water run, Oakland to Honolulu, Naval Air transport Service is landing its schedule ^ m‘nutes of their

*e«a.v with CONE for tomorrow

jJ? thf upholstery plant of Fisher of i ann°yance and danger urstatm electricity was eliminated benefit ati011, ^ incidental was reduced absence due to colds..

August 19, 1946 WINDOWS of WASHINGTON offset by a cut elsewhere. However, it Collet, just called back to Washington The President’s attention was called includes a provision that gives the di­ from the bench in Missouri, will serve to the fact diat a tremendous numoei of rector cf the Budget Bureau discretional as an associate to Steelman in an over­ patent applications are awaiting action power in terminations, stating that if he all capacity. Wiiile his ollice will not and great delay in processing these is en­ shall find and certify to the President rank a title, it is expected Judge Ccllet countered due to the splitting of the that any offsetting reductions would be will assume a lot of Steeim..n’s load, Patent Office’s activities between Wash­ inimical to the public interest, “such off­ which, admittedly, is lerrinc. Several ington and Richmond. Patent Office fig­ setting reduction, subject to the Presi­ other changes in die OWMR lineup have ures show that between mid-July, 1945, dent’s approval, may be waived in whole been effected, key post in die general and mid-July, 1946, die Patent Office or in part.” administrative reorganization, diat of backlog of applications awaiting action For the past two weeks federal agency deputy auector for production, s.aDiliza- increased SI per cent to 117,934. heads have been meeting in closed ses­ tion ..lid war liquidation, going to Harold sions with Budget Bureau officials seek­ Stein who has been in die agency since Premiums for Soil Fipe ing ways and means of warding off the the days when Chief Justice vinson was drastic personnel cuts ordered under the in command of die War mooilization and One of die most critically short of all Pay Act. However, some departments reconversion machine. Two other dep­ building materials is cast iron soil pipe, have started chopping staffs, the War uties have tie tit appointed, uonaid Kings­ Housing Expediter Wilson W. Wyatt has Depar.ment already having notified 3500 ley being placed in charge of fiscal pol­ been working overtime to relieve the civilian workers they will be dismissed icy, employment and social security, and shoilage and last week his office came by Oct. 31. Both the Army and Navy Amhony Hyde being named to the in­ up with the prediction soil pipe produc­ have until July 1 of next year in which formation and reports post. tion will rise sharply from now on as a to reduce their civilian forces but other Through these changes Steelman ef­ result of Premium Payments Regulation federal depa.tments and agencies must fects a uiree-way division of lespor.sibil- No. 8, just issued. The plan, together reduce their staffs on a quarterly basis. ity, and lie anticipates that integration of with recent increases in pig iron alloca­ At present these latter agencies have Ok S and OWMR will eliminate consid­ tions to the industry, is expected to ex­ about 540,000 employees, and by Oct. 1 erable dup.icadon of ef.ort, tend for pand production of pipe, fittings and ac­ under the Dirksen amendment they greater efficiency in reconversion mat­ cessories by 50 per cent, approximately must have lopped off some 12,000 from ters, and reduce bureau expenses. 180,000 tons, during the 11-month life the payroll to 528,000. By Jan. 1 they of the regulation. An immediate in­ must cut the number to 501,771, by Bureaus Moving Back crease of 20 per cent is expected. April 1 to 474,000 and by July 1, 1947, Officials estimate the extra production In the frenzied days of war not much to 447,363. will be sufficient for several hundred attention was paid to the fact that many The retrenchment program for the thousand of the 2,700,000 homes and important agencies devoted to peace­ moment at least is resulting in a high apartments scheduled to be started by time activities were moved out of Wash­ degree of tension in the ranks which the end of 1947 under the Veterans ington to make room for new-born war may have serious repercussions on de­ Emergency Housing program. General­ bu.etius. 4 ins naturany resulted m con­ partment efficiency. Another point made ly, the premiums amount to $40 per ton siderable dispersal of activity, some agen­ in this connection is that in the sifting on all Saturday production in excess of cies having ceriam bureaus in one city out process many essential bureaus may quota, provided that Satuiday is the and odier bureaus elsewhere. With the be so denuded of competent employees sixth day worked during the week, and war over, however, moves are under way it will be impossible for them to operate $10 per ton for all other production in effectively. to bring back some of these offices to excess of quota. The most immediate Washington. A case in point concerns Where dismissed employees will find method of boosting output is to shift to new employment is not known, but the the Patent Office. a 6-day wcrk-week. In the past the in­ general view is that many will obtain Last week R.esident Truman was per­ dustry has found it difficult to produce sonally appealed to by a prominent pat­ jobs in other government agencies which profitably beyond the 5-day week, an have been understaffed in certain cler­ ent attorney to reconsolidaie all divisions the $40 Saturday premium will com­ ical categories. Actually, right now of the Patent Office in Washington. It pensate producers for extraordina y ex there is a severe shortage of many classes will be recalled that early in the war all penses incurred in six-day operation. of office workers in Washington, partic­ examining divisions of the Patent Office and the classification and interference ularly typists and stenographers, and in­ W A A Forming Metalworking dications are that many such employees divisions were moved from Washington will quickly catch on elsewhere, simply to Richmond, Ya. bince die war ended M achinery Committees transferring from one agency to another. something like 28 examining divisions Establishment of a national conunitte At present, however, the United States and the classification and interference di­ on metalworking machinery and equip^ Employment Sendee reports there are visions have been returned to Washing­ ment, to stimulate sales of this type ® only 5000 job openings in the Washing­ ton, but 37 examining divisions still re­ surplus property, has been announced ^ ton area, about half of them for women. main in Richmond. In the appeal to Piesident Truman to the War Assets Administration. Sum> use his personal influence to see that committees, to serve in an advisori'c® . OES and OWMR Merged these remaining divisions are returned to city, will be established in each o Illustrative of the trend toward con­ Washing.on, it was pointed out that the 83 resional offices. . solidation and integration of the remain­ Public Buildings Administration, which The national committee is «Prefenta ing war and reconversion effort is the ac­ controls official government office space, of the contract dealers as to size, ^ tion last week of Reconversion Director although provided with funds to restore g-aphic location, membership ui , John Steelman merging the Office of the patent divisiens to Washington, has organizations and the three sePm? ¡n Economic Stabilization into the Office cf failed to provide the available space the industry (manufacturers, ea , War Mobilization & Reconversion. In though it has been returning some office used machinery and equipmen the new setup Federal Judge John C. space to private owners. dealers in new machinery. ,/TE *1 78 FOREIGN

budget without financial assistance from French W ages To Be Increased 17%; the state.” As a result there will be an increase of 35 per cent on freight Income Tax Exemptions To Be Raised rates, 10 per cent for passenger rates on die railroads, 40 per cent for electricity, Private enterprise generally will not be permitted to advance 27 per cent for gas, and to meet the re­ quirements of farmers the price cf wheat prices. May be granted subsidy by state. Nationalized is increased and also, as a consequence, industries will raise prices. Freight rates to go up 35 per cent; the price of bread. It remains to be seen electricity, 40 per cent; gas, 27 p er cent how workers will react to these increases. It is presumed that these price increases PARIS, FRANCE whole. In view of the desire to avoid in­ will be absorbed without much difficulty Committee of the National Economic flation it was decided that in cases where if there is a substantial general increase of output. Otherwise the fears of infla­ Council which is investigating wages and the increase of wages could not be met Fdces and which comprises rep:esenta- the state would be asked to establish a tion are likely to be confirmed. As far as the iron and steel industry is tives cf employers and workers has been subsidy. This would be the case for food concerned, the output in June has in­ examining the claims for a general increase products and essential articles of con­ of wages of 25 per cent set forth by the sumption. creased in regard to pig iron, but has remained stationary as regards steel. For “Confederation Generale du Travail,” The resolutions of the committee were pig iron production in June was 264,000 the French t:ade unions council, and the placed before the government and after tons as against 252,000 tons in May. The effect that such a rise would have on long discussions it was finally decided output of steel ingots and castings was prices. that the average increase of wages would 341,000 tons in June as against 342,000 It is the first time that such a meeting be about 17 per cent. To breach the gap tons in May. has taken place, and it has resulted in between the rate recommended by the Output of electric steel is now higher complete agreement. committee and the rate adcpted by the than prewar as it does not depend on As a result of the discussions it has government it was decided to increase coal. A supplementary quota of coke has been decided that wages would be in­ the income tax exemption from 40,000 frs been promised for the month of August, creased by an average of 21 per cent. ($335) to 60,000 frs, ($500), and'to in­ but the iron and steel industry is suffering The C, G. T. had requested that this in­ crease family allowances by 50 per cent. from a shortage of lime and the factO'y crease of wages should not be followed It is to be noted that while private materials. During the twenty-seventh y an increase in prices, their argument enterprise is not allowed, in principle, week of the year coal output dropped >ng that in many cases French industry to increase prices, nationalized industries to 936,000 tons as against 955,000 tons ad conside:ably increased its output. will do so on the plea that “as they do in the preceding week. Coal imports have Iowe\er, it was found that this request not make profits arising out of the capi­ increased slightly although deliveries could not be granted for industry as a talized system they must balance their from the Ruhr were less than expected.

British Steel Prices To Rise Five Shillings LONDON An increase of approximately five shillings a ton on heavy sted products to compensate for hi;her production casts is expected to be announced this week. The new price rise will be the first since December, 1945, when the general level of finished steel was in­ creased about 5 per cent. In pointing out that the costs of mak­ ing heavy steel products have increased about 10 shillings a ton since last December, the July issue of the monthly statistical bulletin of the British Iron & Steel Federation says: “It is unlikely some adjustment in steel prices to meet advances in wages, railway rates and other items can be avoid.d al'.hough the efforts cf all concerned are directed toward insuring a maximum stability in prices and avoiding increases wherever their f' " CABINET: Members of the new Belgian cabinet pose for possible.” financ"^' £ !°9raPh- Left to right, front row: Joseph Merlot, minister of While the new pri e increase will not minister„¡nis,Ce' Rp Henri opuuK,Spaak, foreigniurciyn QTTuirs/affairs; v^urniut;Camille riuy.iiiuiia/Huyrmans, puincprime make up Ihe entire rise in production labor- f| r°r f° W: ‘*ean Terfve, minister of reconstruction; Leon Troclet, costs, it will help alleviate charges that Marteau' pe^re'ter< national defense; Edgar Lalmand, food; Albert the industry cannot escape. The in­ UX/ nea.th; and Ernest Rongvaux, communications. NEA photo dustry believes it will be able to make up the remainder itself.

Au8»st 19,1946 79 TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE Technical Aid Agency Set Up

Commerce Department's new Office of Technical Services is to A BASIC DECISION by Secretary provide assistance that will encourage business and employment Henry A. Wallace’s newest unit in the Commerce Department—The Office of but has announced that in doing so it will avoid competing Technical Services which came into being with private industry on July 1—should be of more than usual interest to businessmen. It is tl.ut the OTS will render to business and indus­ war and continues to do in evaluating velopment Division to be spent on re­ try only such services as tire govern­ ideas and stimulating invention for strict­ search and development work to be ment properly should render, and it will ly military purposes. Purpose of the IED done under contract by the Bureau of under no circumstances engage in com­ is to evaluate ideas and stimulate in­ Standards and by land-grant colleges petition with private industry. vention that will aid the economy and and nonprofit institutions when possible, Possibly such a decision should have provide widespread employment. and by other contractors when necessary. been expected. If it is not a surprise, 2—The Technical Inquiry Service, so 5—The Technical Industrial Intelli­ however, it is most reassuring as indicat­ new that it still is largely a paper organi­ gence Division, die wartime agency known ing a trend. For the Office of Technical zation. Its creation springs from the as the Technical Industrial Intelligence Services is opening up virgin soil in desire to have a place in the govern­ Committee of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. many respects; it is preparing to render ment where the answers to technical This is the agency that has sent teams services of a type never before provided questions may be obtained. of engineers and technologists to Ger­ in peace time. Because, among other 3—The Technical Advisory Service, many to study German industry and things, it has taken over some of the transferred frcm the old Smaller War write reports on their observations and wartime functions of the government, it Plants Corp. to the Office of Technical discoveries. The TIID has sent some might easily have sought to perpetuate Services. While detailed plans still are 400 expert observers to Germany, and in time of peace the methods by which to be worked out, one decision has been will continue to send others there for government regimented industry during reached at the start. Whereas the Tech­ the same purpose. The present program the war. This it definitely has decided nical Advisory Service of the SWPC calls for completion of the work during not to do. It will not engage in com­ recruited a lot of experienced men from the : present fiscal year, so the TIID petition with the many firms that ren­ industry and pursued an all-out policy may shut up shop June 30, 1947. der managerial, financial, sales, advertis­ in furnishing technical advisory assist­ OPB Renamed ing, accounting, tax and numerous other ance to put maximum drive behind the types of service to business. war effort, the TAS will refrain from 6—The Library and Reports Division, rendering any services in competition formerly known as the Office cf tire Idea Widely Approved with private industry. Technical ques­ Publication Board which was set up The new office was created in part tions will be answered on the basis of in­ following the war to disseminate to in fulfillment of a dream conceived in formation in the possession of the gov­ private industry the declassified tec: the Commerce Department many years ernment. When questions are received nical information accumulated by the ago that there should be one place in which cannot be answered satisfactorily Army, Navy, Office of Scientific R®- the government to go for answers to all out of the government’s store of informa­ search and Development and other agen­ kinds of technical questions. Experience tion, the questioners will be refen ed to cies during the war, and to make a\ in the war proved beyond a doubt that private firms, colleges, etc., that can able also the reports on enemy technology developed by the Technical Industrial the government can be tremendously furnish the answers. effective in stimulating technological prog­ Intelligence Committee. LARD pu u'es ress. When Secretary Wallace appeared New Division To Replace OPRD weekly a bibliography which lists before the House and Senate Appropria­ 4—The Industrial Research and De­ reports as they become availah e aa tions Committees to prove a case for his velopment Division, the peacetime count­ which describes them in brief a b strac budget request for the fiscal year starting erpart and successor of the War Pio- and lists their prices. July 1, he had no difficulty in showing duction Board’s Office of Production Re­ The units known as the IED and to the satisfaction of the congressmen search and Development. When the IRDD now are working with the Nation that by performing certain technical serv­ OPRD was transferred to the Commerce Housing Agency to promote the l0''j ices for industry arid business, the gov­ Department for dissolution, Secretary program. They are studying new ui ernment might do a lot to encourage busi­ Wallace went before the Appropriations materials and methods, with niuci ness and employment. Committees of Congress and asked au­ the development work to be c‘one a Plans of the OTS are almost entirely thority to continue it permanently, lie National Bureau of Standards. P g in the blueprint stage yet and there told of the fine record of the OPRD individuals and firms having i eas , are many questions to be answered before in evaluating ideas and inventiors, and new or improved buildmg ™atena. they can take final shape. The OTS has in developing new information and per­ methods are invited to get in one ^ six divisions, either in existence, or in fecting new and improved processes that these units of the Office o the embryo stage. Four of them came added materially to the impetus of the Services. As the new ideas for nu to the OTS as transfers and two of them war production effort, and he recom­ and methods crystallize as a ^ are brand-new. They are: mended that the organization be con­ actual tests, full ^T ^V general 1—The Invention and Engineering Di­ tinued along the same lines to stimulate turned over either to industry . ^ vision, created July I to do for civilian business and employment in peacetime. or to comparies which have industry what the National Inventors As a result, Congress earmarked $1,500,- the successfully developed ideas- Council did for the military during the 000 for the Industrial Research and De­ The work of the Library and ReP° TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

Looking over plans for the Commerce Department’s new Office of Technical Services are John C. Green, seated, director of the new office, and Robert Frue, assistant director of the new agency

^via°n is not progressing as rapidly could co-operate to make the program nologists going abroad have done so on 1 might. This comes about, first, more effective. One way would be to the initiative of the government, the LARrT I*1'6 ,W°r!< is of great scope— have each industry’s technical society ap­ gates are wide open. Any American busi­ pnn r ? y bas PrePared 30,000 re- point committees to examine and evalu­ ness man desiring to go to Europe can tor dissemination and this number ate the reports. get the wheels started by writing to the mill-grTVrt° between 2 million, and 3 The other way is for more American Office of Technical Services, Commerce ««Jon before the work is done. Second, production men and technologists to Department, Washington 25. to e l l I'® War ,S OV0r’ k is difficult travel to Europe and conduct tneir own Director of the Office of Technical canaKl'St c ^ services of trained men investigations. This they can do as wards Services, the appointee of Secretary of Pble of evaluating the contents of of the Office of Technical Services’ Tech­ Commerce Wallace, is John C. Green, onnn?°r*S' h,ARD does not offer nical Industrial Intelligence Division. who graduated from the United States to n Un'ty for a career for it is slated They must enter into two stipulations: Naval Academy as an engineer and from Pass out of existence when its job That their expenses will be paid by them­ Georgetown University in patent law. tech ,levving and publishing wartime selves or by their employers, and that For five years he worked as an examiner olog,cal information has been done. they will furnish written reports on de­ in the Patent Office and then engaged industry6 T - ^ in(Merence of velopments of technological significance in private practice as a patent attorney. for th i,. i . m arge part responsible uncovered on the trip. The TIID ar­ During the war years he served under e a ting progress in disseminating ranges their transportation, helps chart C. F. (Boss) Kettering as executive reports which LARD places on sale. their itineraries, gets them entree into secretary of the National Inventors Coun­ renortcD °ff";lals admit tllat not all the industrial establishments and sees to it cil and in that capacity was the liaison that adequate living quarters are pro­ with all government agencies doing re­ the really3" l industr>’> and that Prise valuable reports probably corn- vided and their varying needs attended search work. Since last fall he has headed total Tl ^ SmaI1 Percentage of the to along the line of travel. the Office of the Publication Board, now the Library and Reports Division of °« their'61» ; difficulty is to carry Many industrialists have been under infnm, i- SS!Snment of conveying the the impression that those going abroad the Office of Technical Services. T s in t,,ese reports to to study foreign industries do so at the Mr. Green is in Europe investigating «"* 7 tlle economy will benefit. instance and special invitation of the potentialities for future intelligence work e are two ways in which industry government. While the majority of tech­ in the field of technical information. Au^ t 19, 1946 HOW BULLARD CUT MASTERS DUPLICATE DIMENSIONS SAFELY AND CONSISTENTLY

Bullard’s skill in applying electrical-hydraulic con­ trol systems to machine tools...as exemplified by the Cut Master Vertical Turret Lathe’s revolutionär)' new Pendant Control ... is further illustrated by Bullard's m ethod o f dim ension control through electrical and hydraulic feed stops. On the saddle of each head of theCutMasterV.T.L., Bullard puts accurate adjustable dogs which are set to dimension limits for work size. When contacted by the m oving head, they start a train o f mechanical, electrical and hydraulic actions that disengage feed... instantly and accurately, thereby providing automatic sizing of work. Such an automatic control system not only means that dimensions are easily duplicated but also that no head of a Bullard Cut Master Vertical Turret Lathe ever over-runs the cut or bumps any other head. Other reasons why Cut Masters are the surest means of cutting time on and between cuts are covered in Bulletin CVTL-4-1-46. W rite for it today. The Bullard Co., Bridgeport 2, Connecticut. ®

Bullard Cut Master Vertical Turret Lathes are -zes and 36" sizes with two heads... in 42", 54", 64" and 74 with two or three heads. By A. H. ALLEN Detroit Editor, STEEL Mirrors of Motordom

Quick changeover to 1947 models indicated for majority of until 1947, either willingly or unwillingly, automakers late in December or early in January. New cars to make new purchases. will have discernible changes from present ones, but will be sub­ New Price Increase for Dealers stantially same. Important changes may await 1948 models The round of price inceases O.K.’d DETROIT a production life of around eiht months, by the OPA last week served to tack 11VE years ago passenger car assembly and by a year from now the first really another 7.3 per cent onto retail prices, lines were grinding to a stop and the new and importantly different postwar but did not increase manufacturers’ take changeover of tools and equipment to designs will go into production, as 1948 a penny. All the increase went to dealers 1942 model production was under way models. under terms of the Crawford amend­ in most plants. Nash, Packard and Willys ment in price control legislation. It was This policy will not necessarily apply started their new series early in the the fourth increase permitted in 1946 to the entire industry. There will be month. Pig iron was placed under prior­ prices and another one of about 3 per variations here and there, but it likely ity. All forms of steel went under pri­ cent is slated to follow short'y. Neither will be the plan followed by General ority Sept. 1. Studebaker and Dodge of the most recent increases, all of which Motors, Chrysler and Ford. A scattering will go to dealers, sets very well with threw the switches on new lines Aug. of new jig and fixture work already is in 19 and 20, followed in a few days by persons who have bought new cars and progress for General Motors units, and Chrysler, De Soto and the General who have been pushed around, insulted, the Briggs tool and die department is Motors Divisions. Ford and Mercury did ignored and had entie accessory books hard at work on production tools for some not get under way until Sept. 10. thrown at them by dealers. Scores of of the 1947 Chrysler stuff—at least it With war clouds sweeping toward this complaints of discourteous and rude treat­ country, the outlook for automobiles was ment by dealers have been reported to not auspicious and by February virtually manufacturers by buyers, but the makers say they are powerless to do much about nil production had stopped, after a short Automobile Production five months which probably was some it. Passenger Cars and Trucks—U. S. distance away frcm cove ing the retooling Perhaps it is just another reflection of and Canada costs of that prewar summer. True, the the almost complete lack cf courtesy and Tabulated by Ward’s Automatice Reports tooling involved was not pretentious but service in American business ihese days. it was perhaps of average proportions. Last 1946 1941 Much the same situation holds true, .'ear, when preparations were being made January ...... 121,861 524,073 whether you deal with a grocery store, or a fresh start on passenger cars, most February' .... 83.841 509,332 a department store, an airline or an auto­ oi the 1942 tools were brought out of March ...... 140,777 533,878 mobile dealer. storage and, supplemented by a little April ...... 248,318 489,856 At any rate, the following tabulation a olitional jig and fixture work, were May ...... 247,620 545,321 shows adjusted ceiling p ic^s compared readily adapted to 1946 models. June ...... 214,511° 546,278 with 1942 prices on a number of four- July ...... 333*400° 468jS97 door sedans. Quoted prices do not in­ But they were not 1946 models for all clude taxes, transportation, handling or Producers. Chrysler used no yearly Estimates for week ended: delivery charges which may average an­ identification at all. Gene-al Motors July 27 .. 84,720 105,635 Aug. 3 .... 79,385 62,146 other $125: called them 1946 models. Ford hemmed In- Per ;,nd hawed and finally said the current Aug. 10 . . . 78,597 41,795 1946 1942 crease Cent scries w„uld carry through until at least Aug. 17 . . . 80,000 45,550 Ford Deluxe .$JO«S t " " ' ’ "9 91 January 0f 1947. Studebaker ran off a “Preliminary. Fo d Superdeluxc 1134 930 204 22 Chevrolet Fleetmaster 1076 848 228 27 CW ^ 16 models and then this spring Chevrolet Stylemaster 1005 793 212 27 1 witched over to its 6G or 1947 model, Linroln Model 73 20 9 1 i Nash 600 1206 971 235 24 ackard said there would be nothing was until last week when the boys walked Nash Ambassador 1366 1144 222 19 "C"’ until next year. The question now Chrysler Saratoga 1757 1395 362 26 out on strike over some fancied grievance. Chrysler New Yorker 1841 1465 376 26 ow will the industry' re-establish its The larger independent tool and die °: production pattern and at the shops around Detroit are fairly busy, but Studebaker Explains Low Output tools? time aV°iC* Sll°rt nU1S ° n high-cost no major programs seem to have been placed, substantiating the belief the Purcliasing department officials at n°W *be Pattem is crystallizing changes this winter will be minor in Studebaker recently compiled for the will k m i^'S hwhion: Current models character. edification of Walter Reuther of UAW- e pushed to the limit of availability It was beginning to be fairly obvious CIO a 12-month “Chronology of De­ J T m v and parts> and the willing'- that 1946 models could not lo ically be spair” explaining why the company had ber ° f 3 °r t0 Meanwhile a num- sold in 1947, sellers’ market or no, and been able to build only 43,011 cars and only m n rn 1510113 ‘n stylin2> requiring many sales people are of the opinion trucks in the nine months thrsugh June modest expenditures for tooling, jigs that possibly by the end of the year, 30, against a scheduled program of 134,- all r Sl WUI be readied so that a some real selling will again be necessary 500. The 1946 Champion model was * o‘ Changeover to 1947 models can to move new cars. Hence the decision slated to start last October, with 3000 pro­ Jam. CCtC ,'ate in Deccmber or early in for a little mo-e facelifting after the first jected; actually only six pilot jobs were of • / /. The new model will be a sort of the year, which will start cars now completed due to strikes in plants sup­ ferp . Lflnl ProPosition—discemihly dif- being sold on their first year of obso­ plying axles, transmissions, shackles, stantiillr0IL th‘S years models but sub­ lescence, and will serve to satisfy in glass and frames. In November came more s' the same tiling. It will have greater degree buyers who have waited st ikes interrupting engine bearings, locks

( Material in this department is protected by copyright and its use in any form tcithout permission is prohibited) August 19, 1946 83 MIRRORS of MOTORDOM

in both Defiance and Tiffin, O., was made, but final choice of a plant city was considered to be a question of available labor supply, so lire corpora­ tion went directly to the residents of these two cities and, through newspaper ad­ vertisements asked how many persons would be interested in employment at the proposed new plant. Representatives of the foundry division set up headquarters in both cities last week and were inter­ viewing applicants. Employment needs total 2000, with 800 for molding, sand testing, melting and pouring operations, 700 for producing, assembling and gaging cores, and 500 for cleaning, grinding and inspection work. Whichever city pro­ duced the largest number of applicants was destined to be chosen for the new plant, but S. W. Ilealy, general manager, pointed out that if he could not recruit from either community a working force sufficient to operate the foundry, he would have no alternative but to drop options at both locations and seek a site MIDGET MODEL: This model of a German Mercedes-Benz roadster (6 in. elsewhere. long and 2Vi in. wide) was picked up in Germany by returning Corp. Shortage of housing materials for new Irvine Coleman, for two packages of cigarettes. Now an employee of construction and the lack of facilities to Briggs Mfg. Co., Detroit, the ex-GI here describes the model to A. R. accommodate in-mirrant workers, con­ Prance, chief of the Briggs car body design department. The souvenir vinced GM it should try this new tech­ is powered by a spring-wound motor operating through a flywheel to a nique of recruiting a working force from small transmission and then to a driveshaft to the right rear wheel. A present residents of the plant city. The small gearshift knob near the steering wheel permits shifting through three foundry building itself, now fairly well normal forward speeds and into overdrive, plus reverse and neutral posi­ along in design, will feature the latest tions. Body is enameled steel and the car is equipped with brakes, steer­ in mechanical equipment for handling of ing apparatus, plexiglass windshield and rubber tires with treads. The molds and pouring of iron, and there lws larger wood model at the rear may suggest body lines now being con­ even been discussion of a building de­ sidered by automotive stylists for 1947 and 1948 models sign embodying steel and glass walls which could be completely raised from ground level to improve ventilation. and keys, fuel pumps, air cleaners and road strikes held assemblies down to horns, resulting in zero production at 4570, against a planned 25,000. All pro­ Ford To Decentralize Buying South Bend against a schedule of C000. duction stopped May 27, but was able to limp ahead by June 3, although only By December a start on trucks and Program to decentralize a part of the 9694 cars and trucks were built that passenger cars was possible, but the lack $600 million purchasing operations o month, when schedules called for an­ of transmissions held output down to Ford Motor Co., making possible a $1 other 25,000. 1309, against a 10,000 schedule. In Janu­ million annual increase in “at home buy It should be remembered Studebaker ary things picked up, after a 12-week ing in branch assembly plants, has been enjoys cordial relations with its UAW- delay, and assemblies totaled 7506, instituted. Under its provisions, pure as CIO employees and during this hectic against a schedule of 7500. By February ing agents in 13 Ford assembly p ants period had no strikes in its own plants. it was hoped to have the 1946 Champion will be authorized to buy directly in t eir Nevertheless its employees lost 15,000- model out of the way, but only 9043 local communities to fill needs for main 000 man-hours of work and better than vehicles were built, with 13,000 sched­ tenance, repairs and general stores itenis- $20 million in wages through no fault of uled. By March 18, the last of the 5G They are:—G. A. Munger at Buffalo; theirs. Fresh strikes last month cut off Champion model was built, and settle­ G. A. Lewe at Chester, Pa.; A. R- R«cb supplies of body hardware, wheel rims, ment of the Ceneral Motors strike im­ at Chicago; J. R. Phipps at Dallas, ignition equipment, rubber parts and proved the outlook. However, a rash of Schumann at Edgewater, N. J-> ■ leather, forcing the plant to close again new strikes in plants furnishing cushion Brickey at Kansas City, Mo.; • ^ July 30 for a few days. springs, rubber parts, steering gears, bolts Anderson at Long Beach, Calif-, ■ and nuts, hose clamps and truck axles Hulette at Louisville, Ky.; C. B. threw assemblies into another tailspin, GM To Build New Foundry at Memphis; G. A. Ringer at r ’ schedules for April being 25,000, pro­ Va.; Otto Stahmer at Richmond, w i •> Central foundry division of General W. A. Burnham at Somerville, A - duction 3026. Motors will build for operation by next and R. J. Mallone at St. Paul. In May the 1947 Champion model was April a large new gray iron foundry to started after a delay of 11 weeks, but supply short-run castings requirements Harold W. White, formerly actM? a power line break, slowdown in bumper of various divisions which are unable to with engine testing laboratories at production, strike in piston ring plant locate outside sources for such parts. baker and Oldsmobile, has eerlp.or(j and shortage resulting from coal and rail­ Tentative selection and optioning of sites pointed head of engine researc or ,/TEE*- 84 I

u, Vrt- API*— " W"h y°“°” y°“r Machine tool design is set free from a hos o new designs. when Vickers Hydraulic Controls and Drives are u . no difficulty at all, the designer has an ex rem choice of feed rates, traverse rates, RPM, sequenc 1 4 8 't OAKMAN BL\D- ^ Cincinnati • CteveUni tions, accelerations or decelerations, and t rusts. Application Vphiladelphla • Rochester • Rocktori Practically any machine tool can be designed a n d b Detroit • Los An„c Tu,sa . vVorcester do exactly the required job by using Vickers T _ Controls in one of the infinite number of combina vided by more than 5000 standard Vickers Units. In addition, positiv.e overload limitations cani be . \ f any machine—definite safety factors provide or 1 C K E R S Hydraulic machine and the operator. CONTROLS and DRIVES Only Vickers Hydraulic Controls provide all the adv° ^ Be* ®f hydraulic operation—including exceptional comp and reliability.

August 19,1946 WEST COAST

Launch Efforts Steel Supplies To Obtain Lower Easier; Labor East-Bound Rate Picture Clearing

California manufacturers Southern California indus­ charge inequalities prevent trialists optimistic over pros­ shipment of western made pects for higher production products to eastern states and better profits

SAN FRANCISCO LOS ANGELES CALIFORNIA Manufacturers Associa- NARROWING of the spread between tion has started a campaign to balance orders and deliveries on the majority of inequalities in east-west rail rates to re­ steel shapes to fabricators is noted in this move what the association calls an “iron area. Each week the picture is brighten­ curtain” standing in the way of ship­ ing, a fact bonie out numerically in figures ment of western made products to the for June and July, a press survey of eastern part of the U. S. the field disclosed last week. The manufacturers group reports that Merchant mill items with few excep­ 700 to 800 less-than-carload railroad tions, are being received by manufac­ rates a.e higher on eastbound traffic than EVERETT D. GRAFF turers long hard-pressed for materials on westbound. In an effort to change and although the shortage is by no means this situation an application has been solved, optimism is rising that this phase filed and is now pending before the Ryerson Building New of reconversion woes are receding. Transcontinental Freight Bureau for re­ Sheets are not yet readily obtainable, ductions which will save $1.07 per 100 Warehouse in California however, nor has mill production caught pounds on shipments from California to Joseph T. Ryerson & Son Inc. is con- up with demand for seme badly needed Chicago. strucling a new steel service plant in materials in construction wo:k, such as The association states that both truck the Los Angeles district to serve the nails and reinforcing steel. lines and intercoastal steamship lines West Coast area and expects to have All this is backed by the floodtide of charge the same rates for both eastbound the new warehouse in operation by corporate reports that show expanded and westbound shipments, and it is held autumn. The unit will be the twelfth in activities both in production and earnings. that the association’s petition, if ap­ the Ryerson system. In general, southern California manufac­ proved, will achieve parity in most cases turers feel that there is good prospect Everett D. Graff, Ryerson president, on the railroads. for industrial peace in the months ahead indiiated the new West Coast plant is A number of examples are cited by the and this lends credence to belief that being built in anticipation of continued association of the present disparity which the uptrend will cany through to the growth and expansion of industry in works against western manufacturers in end of the year. competition with eastern goods in east­ California and other western states in Heavy Industries Show Improvement ern markets. For instance, eastbound the postwar period. l.c.l. rates on California-made washing Ground for the new plant consists of The improvement applies strongly to machines are $3.74 per 100 pounds com­ a plot of 8.7 acres fronting on Bandini companies in heavy durable goods ant pared with a westbound rate of $2.86. Boulevard, southeast of the city of Los durable consumers’ g o o d s production. In Anselss. The warehouse building will other classifications of manufacture t'e San Francisco Gains in be made up of seven spans of which two same trend is apparent but not as pr°" are 600 ft long and the largest 110 ft nounced. Import-Export Trade wide. Total floor space is 200,000 sq Reinstatement of OPA at first induced ft. Every foot of floor space will be SAN FRANCISCO fears of many businessmen that hopAeiS served by cranes. The San Francisco-Oakland customs confusion would further impede re*1' district in April led the West Coast’s ports jusonents and industrial advance. ” in volume of exports and imports. Oil Well Supply Co. has proved to be more chimera than ac . Exports for the month were valued at The actual pattern is much brighter, $18,304,000, or 36 per cent total ship­ Establishes Branch spite lack of worker housing, es® complaints that many unskilled an s0 ments from the five West Coast customs SAN FRANCISCO districts. At the same time, imports Oil Well Supply Co., subsidiary of U. skilled workers were refusing )° 5 favor of a life of ease on unemploymen through the San Francisco-Oakland port S. Steel Corp., has established a branch totaled $8,070,000. division sales office in San Francisco. insurance rolls, industries in the nia®’ A considerable volume of traffic The new office will service increasing southern California, have bui t pro through West Coast ports still is for mili­ activity in foreign oil development bv tion forces sufficient to cope " it' tary purposes. However, as industrial California producers and also will handle folding production problems. production on the West Coast and the domestic needs of the oil industry Early fears that the area was at throughout the country as a whole in­ in northern California and the San Fran­ ing a plethora of inferior types ro creases, it is expected that offshore ship­ cisco area. California division head­ » < > » 7 r s t ments will expand steadily. quarters are in Los Angeles. nourished on the wave ot me

86 /TEE«- WEST COAST prosperity, would presently revert to type dustrial property there as one of the at war peak levels. Increased process when the easy money days were over, first steps in a coastwise expansion pro­ knowledge has made it possible to re­ have been reconciled to some extent. gram. duce personnel from 6000 to 5000. Col. This single phase of the picture may The site is along the main line of F. J. Clarke, area engineer, states that or may not have been explained by one Guilds Lake district and will be used the plant is operating at “the same ca­ Los Angeles industrialist who said: for yard operation. The acquisition will pacity, same production and same se­ Modem industry is founded on ma­ facilitate movement of materials. curity as a year ago.” Du Pont on Sept chine production. It is a concomitance of I will hand over the responsibility for such production that machine tenders' operation of the Hanford plant to Gen­ L. A. Young Plant must have certain qualifies of mind and eral Electric Co. which plans an exten­ character to become and remain useful to Reopens After Strike sive research program on applying at­ the company employing them and hence omic energy to peacetime uses. to themselves and dieir families. LOS ANGELES Given these qualities, degrees of edu­ The L. A. Young Sirring cx Yvi.e Corp., cation or intellect have little bearing on Los Angeles plant, shut down by CIO Geneva Steel Plant the performance of the job itself. The strike since last April, reopened this week Increasing Operations proper psychology is the important fac­ after management and union agreed on tor, a psychology that encompasses jus­ a contract renewal. The strike slowed SAN FRANCISCO tice to both employer and employee. automobile assembly activities in south­ Geneva steel mill in Utah now has in Gi\e me a worker who is a little selfish, ern California when plants were unable operation all types of units at the plant so that he will guard his own future and to get springs and other vital paits dur­ excepting the structural mill for the it matters little what school he attended ing the 300-man walkoff. first time since resumption of activity by or what part of the country he came U. S. Steel Corp. Two of three blast fur­ from.” naces are working, and two of four coke Hanford Plant Continues oven batteries are in production. Also At Capacity Operations in operation are three of nine open Dulien Steel Products Co. hearth furnaces, the slabbing mill and Will Expand Operations SEATTLE plate mill. Army officials announce the manufac­ Slightly more than 2000 men are at PORTLAND, OREG. ture of plutonium for atomic bsmbs work in the plant, at the coal mine at Dulien' Steel Products Inc., Portland, and energy is continuing at the gov­ Horse Canyon and at the limestone and Oreg., has purchased ten acres of in­ ernment-owned plant at Hanford, Wash., dolomite quarry at Paysonf

Dry Dock, with 6000-Ton Lifting Capacity, Launched on Inland River

FLOATING dry dock with 6000 tons 1 fing capacity and designed to service ips of tender and Libeity ship class "'as launched recently by Dravo Corp. * >ts Neville Island yards at Pittsburgh. is c aimed to be the largest hull ever constructed on an American inland river. 07 , shiP#ing giant is 448 ft long, y7 » wide and 45 ft hLh. When it is completely outfitted, it will leave Ore MVO yards under special tow and be 1 I.'.' mdes ky water through the s un the Ohio river and down the Mississippi, To mechanically test the operation of l' ry dock before it is sent to sea, i ° S“lg *las been done in the Ohio river ai ochester, Pa., to provide a depth «sent to enable submergence tests to mi ma ^ these tests will deter- s i 6 'U < uratc,y the time required to nnci-gg and emerge, it is believed that vp«,i°C ,can be lowered to receive a vn,C 1? l'mn minutes and con- , i.( nt' emerKe by pumping out its Large ship-lifting dry dock hits the water of the Ohio river at the yards of the Un^m about two hours. Dravo Corp. It is reportedly the largest hull ever built on the inland rivers It W is a se^ contained unit. repair parts and material, which means ing subassemblies in shop and platen sanitary H' °Wn, distillation PlanL ’enent 157)0 facilities, diesel electric the vessel can operate for many months areas and then moved to the ways. Fabri­ crew n°r SCfS ^°r ^sht and Ppwer, and at remote locations with limited supply cating required the use of more than 73 comf0r,Uff ers l^at wfff keep the men service. miles of welding. Welding techniques stora„ m ai)y clim ate. T re m e n d o u s In erecting the dock, an ARD-33, developed in conjunction with the Navy’s g caPacity is available for food, Dravo used its usual method of fabricat­ Bureau of Yards and Decks were used.

A»gust 19, 1946 ACTIVITIES International Detrola Buys Steel Company

All steelmaking, finishing, fab­ ricating and coal mining inter­ ests of Andrews Steel Co. of Newport, Ky., acquired

INTERNATIONAL Detrola Corp., Detroit, has purchased all of the steel- making, rolling mill, fabricating plant, and coal mining interests of the Andrews Steel Co., Newport, Ky. Properties included are those of the Andrews Steel Plant Division in Wilders, Ky.; the Newport Rolling Mill Co. and its divisions, tire Globe Iron Roofing & Corrugating Co. and the Newport Cul­ vert Co. in Newport; and the entire Hardy-Burlingham Mining Co. in Perry PAYING OFF: As full payment for plants at Duquesne, Homestead and Braddock, Pa., built by the government during the war at a cost of $120 county, Kentucky. Purchase price was not disclosed. million, Max D. Howell, left, vice president and treasurer, United States Steel Corp., presents Brig. .G en. John J. O'Brien, deputy W ar Assets Ad­ The Andrews plants in Wilders and ministrator, with a check for $65,013,200. Merrill Russell, secretary of Newport, opposite Cincinnati, have more than a million square feet of plant build­ Geneva Steel Co., whose plant the corporation also has bought from the ings on tracts aggregating 160 acres. Tbe government, is shown at right. NEA photo open-hearth division has an annual ca­ pacity of 413,100 tons of steel ingots, and die rolling mills have an annual capacity of 180,000 tons of hot-rolled BRIEFS.... sheets. Of this, 60,000 tons may be silicon sheets. 65,000 tons for galvanized Paragraph mentions of developments of interest and signifi­ or galvannealed sheets, and the balance cance within the metalworking industry alloys or miscellaneous gTades. Globe makes corrugated roofing, The American Alloy Foundry, 112 a division of Stewart-Warner Corp., formed roofing products, eave troughs South Eden Street, Baltimore, has ac­ Chicago, has purchased at Bridgeport and conductor pipe, and fabricated quired an adjacent building and is re­ an eight-acre tract containing H bu building materials. modeling it for its own use. ings and plans to construct additio The Hardy-Burlingham coal mines, buildings to provide sufficient man“ with a monthly capacity of 70,000 tons, Treet Safety Razor Co., Brooklyn, N. facturing space. The buildings former ; are producing 55,000 tons of coal, of Y., has introduced a double edge razor were occupied by Vought-Sikoisky 1 which about 80 per cent is sold outside, blade. vision of United Aircraft Corp. the rest going to the Newport and Wil­ ders plants for steam power and gas producers. General Electric Co., Schenectady, N. Barium Steel Corp., New acquired 100 per cent control of e Charles II. Stamm, who was president Y., has started production in its new $5 Equipment Co., Port Deposit, M i of Andrews Steel, is to remain as man­ million plastics laminating plant at Wiley Mfg. Co., Mountville, Pa-, man ' aging executive of the steel company. Coshocton, O. The new plant replaces facturers of cranes, barges, and hoist“1 International Detrola has ten other present GE facilities for manufacture of plants in the United States and Canada laminated materials at Lynn, Mass. and loading equipment. and manufactures home radio receivers Paisley Products Inc., Chicag°i ^ and automatic phonographs, refrigerat­ Anchor Post Products Inc., 6500 East­ ing and air conditioning equipment, ern Avenue, Baltimore, has acquired and purchased the Adhesive Division o radio speakers and cabinets, cedar is equipping buildings at 139-155 North tified iroducts Co., Chicago. chests and other special furniture, spe­ Haven Street, Baltimore, for manufac­ cial production machines and aircraft ture of heaters. Crucible Steel Co. of America, power plants and subassemblies. York, has moved its branch Commenting on the purchase of An­ University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, facilities in Syracuse, N - ■ South drews Steel Co., C. Russell Feldmann, will conduct a short course in “Quality quarters in the Lamed Blog., president of International Detrola, said, Control by Statistical Methods,” Oct. Warren Street, Postal Zone 2. C. “these steel facilities will continue to 15-25 for representatives of industry. Connor is branch manager. serve many fabricating and manufac­ turing interests,” The Bassick Co., Bridgeport, Conn., Robins Conveyors Inc., Passaic, N- I /TEE«- ACTIVITIES

factures steam generating 'equipment, 'offer temperatures low enough for effi­ will raise to 12 the number of x-ray ma­ has announced that its Philadelphia office cient transportation of deep-ireeze foods. chines used at the Barberton plant for at 12 South 12th St. will be consolidated Weight of the new car is expected to be examination of pressuie vessel welds. with offices of Hewitt-Robins Inc., 401 25 per cent less than the usual refriger­ North Broad St., Philadelphia 8, effective ator car. . , Sept. 1. The car is expected to be completed 34 Veteran Employees of within the next two months, after which Ryerson Company Retire General Electric Purchases extensive tests with various commodities Thirty-four veteran employees of will take place. Plant at Fitchburg, Mass. Joseph T. Ryerson & Son Inc., Chicago, have been retired after rolling up a General Electric Co., Schenectady, N. Babcock & Wilcox Plant combined total of 1094 years in the Y., has purchased the turbine plant it has operated at Fitchburg, Mass. Purchase Gets New X-Ray Machine steel service business. During the war, many employees ol was made from War Assets Administra­ A two million volt x-ray machine will the company subject to retirement ex­ tion for $2,300,000. be installed at the Barberton, O., plant of pressed the desire to continue at their The plant consists of six buildings con­ the Babcock & Wilcox Co., New York, jobs in view of the manpower shortage. taining 30,000 sq ft of office space and to examine welds in pressure vessels Consequently, the company temporarily about 200,000 sq ft of factory area. Cost of the equipment, together with suspended its policy of retiring personnel GE is already spending $500,000 for ex­ a special building to be erected, and the upon die reaching of retirement age. Wit pansion of research and production facil­ installation will be $150,000. By is tire war over, the veterans have retired. ities in the plant. purchase, the company, which manu­ During the war the plant s production facilities were devoted entirely to manu­ facture of ship service turbine generator sets. In addition to the peacetime pro­ duction of small turbine generator sets and mechanical drive turbines, the plant will engage in manufacture of nonair­ craft turbosuperchargers, gas and diesel arc welders, and high speed arc welders.

New Corporation Purchases Caster and Truck Division Purchase of the Service Caster & Truck Division from Domestic Industries Inc., Chicago, has been made by a corpora­ tion headed by a group of the division s executives. Service Caster’s manufacturing facili­ ties are at Albion, Mich., and Somerville, Mass., and employ 400 people. Execu­ tive offices of the new corporation will be located at Albion. Officers of the new corporation include $?ssa|ici*6waas Edward C. llamm, president; A. Graham Reid, vice president; L. L. Reed, vice president in charge of manufacturing; and Elmer C. Goodall, secretary and sales manager.

Experimental Refrigerator Car Under Construction Assembly of an experimental alumi- num refrigerator car for Illinois Central Railroad has begun in the carrier's McComb, Miss., car shop. The car, which is to be built according to plans formulated by the refrigerator car committee of the United Fresh Fruit ^ Vegetable Association, is to make ex­ tensive use of aluminum, fiber glass in­ sulation, and forced air circulation. Through use of collapsible bulkheads the rar can be used for ordinary merchandise boxcar purposes and can be heated as "dl as cooled. The car is expected to Men of Industry

HARRY L. KELLER W. DOUGLAS PETERS HARRY W . HOLT

Harry L. Keller has been appointed who during the war handled subcontracts Lighting Inc., Chicago, and is now sales head of the new commercial engineer­ in a naval ordnance program for Reliance representative in the Detroit territory. ing department, Tocco Induction Heat­ in Minneapolis, is now with the com­ He joined the company in 1936, as sales­ ing Division, Ohio Crankshaft Co., pany’s New York office. Other sales man in the Atlanta territory, and was Cleveland. Mr. Keller was automotive engineers recently assigned to the sales there until 1941, when he enlisted in production engineer in charge of engi­ offices are: R. L. Custis to New York; the Army. neering standards, Buick Motor Co., D. M. Larson to Minneapolis; A. C. Per­ — o— Flint, Mich. He had been with Buick rin to Chicago; and Albert Mann to Harry W. Holt has been promoted to for 25 years. Dr. Harry B. Osborn Jr., Detroit. vice president and assistant general man­ formerly research and development en­ ager, Wilson Foundry & Machine Co., gineer, has been promoted to sales man­ W. Douglas Peters has been named as­ Pontiac, Mich. Mr. Holt, who has served ager of the Tocco Division. John T. sistant general sales manager, Foil Divi­ as vice president in charge of sales since Vaughn has suoceeded Dr. Osborn as sion, Reynolds Metals Co., Richmond, he joined the company in 1941, will con­ research and development engineer for Va., in charge of product sales. Mr. Peters tinue the direction of the sales department the division, while A. II. Pittaway has has been with Reynolds in various capaci­ as well as take on additional responsi­ become laboratory superintendent, and ties since 1934, except for a two year bilities. Prior to joining Wilson, he was John Gibbons, office supervisor. period in the Navy. In 1942, he be­ vice president and sales manager or -— o— came manager of food and medical pack­ Bohn Aluminum & Brass Corp., Detroit George B. Coffey has been appointed aging for the company in Richmond. manager, Chicago Division, A. M. Byers Since his release from the Navy, he had J. J. Prindiville Jr. has been elected Co., Pittsburgh, succeeding \V. A. Taj lor been assistant general product manager president and treasurer, Lapointe N ® who has resigned to enter other busi­ for the company. chine Tool Co.,. Hudson, Mass. • ness. The Chicago Division includes the Prindiville had been vice president and states of Michigan, Minnesota, North and Felix C. Rodgers has been appointed general manager for the last 15 South Dakota, Wisconsin, Iowa, Indiana, general manager, Fire Division, Cardox Edward M. Dowd has been elected vie and parts of Illinois and northwestern Corp., Chicago. H. V. Williamson has president in charge of production o Ohio. Mr. Coffey has been with the been named director of research for the tire company. Mr. Dowd was assistant company since 1930. company. For the-last several years, Mr. general manager cf the company or Rodgers had been a district manager for last year. Joseph P. Crosby has be. n e e the Fire Division, with headquarters in ed vice president in charge of sa es or George E. Law, recently released from Pittsburgh. Mr. Williamson was chief Lapointe company. During the '•'ar’ , the service, has been named to head the engineer cf the company’s Research Di­ was general shop superintendent tor new Appleton, Wis., branch sales office, vision. firm. Reliance Electric & Engineering Co., Cleveland. Mr. Law had been represent­ L. F. Emigholz has been »PP0" ^ ing the company in Minneapolis. M. J. Warren Stuckey has been appointed sales manager of the new a e ^ Sandling. who has served Reliance in chief engineer, Moore Corp., Joliet, 111. sion, Union Steel Products Co., A western Michigan for several years, will He had been mechanical and combustion Mich. During the war years, M • head a new office to be opened in Grand engineer, National Enameling & Stamp­ holz was in charge of t i r e company Rapids, Mich. He will be assisted by ing Co., Milwaukee. He also spent ten materials handling basket activ W. F. Cliff, electrical application engi­ years as chief testing engineer, Kankakee, neer, who recently joined the Reliance 111., plant, Florence Stove Co., Gardner, organization. William K. Schlotterbeck, Mass. W. II. Walter has been npP®»1^ recently released from the service, has chief mechanical engineer, A m e ^ Bridge Co., Pittsburgh, suceeedrng • ^ rejoined the Philadelphia office as sales Charles II. Burch, recently released engineer. E. II. Koontz, sales engineer, from die Army, has rejoined Curtis Baumgartner, who has retiree In Clover... wdk BRASS BOLTS This is a "Milk Factory" . . . producing milk for butter, cheese and other products of the great Food Processing Industry. "But, come, come," you say, "there are no Brass Bolts in a cow!" True, of course, but Brass Bolts and Screws are used in many devices which protect her health and protect the quality of her milk and milk products. Wherever there is danger of rust or corrosion from moisture, acid or alkali, Brass and other non-ferrous or stainless steel products by Harper play an important role. Harper maintains a stock of more than 48S0 different items of Bolts, Nuts, Screws, Washers and others fabricated from Brass, Naval Bronze, Silicon Bronze, Monel Metal and Stainless Steel. These Stocks and Harper's Special Engineering Facilities serve the Fo6d Industries through fac­ tory branches and distributors in principal cities. THE H. M. HARPER COMPANY 2646' Fletcher Street • Chicago 18, Illinois Branch Office*: New York City, Philadelphia, Los Angeles, Milwaukee, Cincinnati, Dallas Representatives in Principal Cities ••• Cast aluminum and brass water bowl by the H. E. Bremer Manufacturing Co. of Milwaukee reduces bacterial breeding pockets to a minimum, thus assuring clear, healthful water for the cows. A gentle pressure of the nose. on the treadle actuates the water valve. Brass Pins, Bolts, Nuts and Screws by Harper resist rust and corrosion, promote uninterrupted operation.

August 19, 1946 MEN of INDUSTRY years with die company. In 1910, Mr. charge of heat treatment at Briggs Mfg. Canton, O. Mr. Wagenhals was quality Waiter began working during die summer Co., Detroit, has been named to the sales control engineer for die company, lie months at die company’s Pencoyd plant force of Peninsular Steel Co., Detroit, as joined Timken in 1943 as a member of in Philadelphia. Later he joined the Am- contact metallurgist in the Michigan ter­ the factory engineering staff. bridge plant of American Bridge, where ritory. he was assigned to die lleroult electric L. W. Boone, for the last 6 years con­ furnace department in 1917. He was The directors of Malleable Founders’ nected with Peden Iron & Steel Co., made assistant mechanical engineer of Society, Cleveland, have elected the fol­ Houston, Tex., announces his resignation the company in 1937. Mr. Baumgartner lowing to hold office until June, 1947: to become associated with Watts Hard­ had been chief mechanical engineer for President, Frank E. Shuinann, Lehigh ware & Supply Co., San Antonio, Tex., the last 14 years. Foundries Inc., Easton, Pa.; vne presi­ as merchandise manager. dent, Wilson Moriarly, National Mallea­ E. W. Chapman has been appointed ble & Steel Castings Co., Cleveland; Warren W. Burr, recently released from chief engineer of the newly created In­ executive vice president, II. S. Colby, the Navy, has been appointed head of dustrial Pump Division of Bowser Inc., Malleable Founders’ Society; and secre- the section on development of protective Ft. Wayne, Ind. Mr. Chapman had been tary-treasurer, John J. Harant, Mallea­ coating and Pliolite resins of the research chief engineer of Blackmer Pump Co., ble Founders’ Society. staff, Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co., Grand Rapids, Mich. Akron. Stella Alogdelis has been ap­ R. W. Iloyt has been appointed as­ pointed to die Goodyear research staff, Llewellyn Bates Keim has been ap­ sistant chief engineer, Double Seal Ring and will work in the syndietic rubber pointed field electronics engineer, Daven Co., Fort Worth, Tex. For 11 years research section on development of new Co., Newark, N. J. Mr. Keim was asso­ he had been assistant diesel engineer, and improved polymers. She had been ciated widi Thordarson Electric Mfg. Co., Scintilla Magneto Division, Sidney, N. Y., associated with the Akron City Health Chicago, and Kyle Corp., Milwaukee, in Bendix Aviation Corp. Department. the capacities of sales engineer and sales manager in the electronics and audio Walter J. Johnston has been appointed Leon Podolsky has been appointed frequency fields. assistant treasurer, Nichols Wire & Steel manager of a new field engineering de­ Co., Davenport, Iowa. Mr. Johnston was partment now being organized by Leslie C. Hughes has been appointed in the export financial department, New Sprague Electric Co., North Adams, consulting engineer for the chemical and York, Bethlehem Steel Co., Bethlehem, Mass. His new department will be process industries by H. K. Ferguson Co., Pa. responsible for all company engineering Cleveland. Mr. Hughes had been a con­ contacts with customers, and will provide sulting chemical engineer with Dorr Co. A. E. Philips has announced his resig­ any technical assistance required by the Inc., New York. nation as vice president in charge of mar­ sales department. It will also be re­ keting, Intemationl Plastic Corp., Mor­ sponsible for the field engineering work Lester A. Lanning, recently appointed ristown, N. J. of Sprague Products Co., a subsidiary manager of the Sandusky plant, New organizadon widi which Mr. Podolsk) Departure Division, Bristol, Conn., E. I. Pollard has been appointed engi­ was previously associated. General Motors Corp., now building, has neering manager, Ridgway Division, El­ taken up residence in Sandusky, O., to liott Co., Jeannette, Pa. Mr. Pollard is R. J. Rice, metallurgical and chemical direct completion of the plant, and to in charge of electrical engineering for engineer, has been placed in charge o take charge of operations when they the company, replacing Quintin Graham die new Texas technical section m start. Mr. Lanning has been with the who was recently appointed assistant Houston, Tex., of die Development ’ division 27 years, and had been assistant manager of the Ridgway Division. Research Division, Intemadonal Nic e Bristol plant manager since 1939. Co., New York. The new section will R. E. Wagenhals has been appointed furnish to industry technical information and assistance relating to alloys contain John II. Illig has retired as plant super­ director of quality control for all bearing divisions, Timken Roller Bearing Co., ing nickel, and its activities will cover intendent, Barcalo Mfg. Co., Buffalo. He die states of Texas, Oklahoma, Louisiana, has been succeeded by James E. Burke, Mississippi, and the southern ha 0 formerly assistant superintendent. Arkansas. Mr. Rice has recently een released from the Navy. Ilallis L. Poore has been appointed works manager, Buffalo plant, American Charles O. Cozzens has been promoted Brass Co., Waterbury, Conn. He succeeds from vice president to president, Amer Frederick K. Swigert, who has been ap­ can Optical Co., Southbridge, Mass., suc­ pointed vice president in charge of the ceeding George B. Wells who wi s Buffalo branch. Mr. Poore was general as a member of die board of trustees foreman of die company’s Buffalo copper mill. imed Maxax R rvieDeuac* ieben ack j1U.*-» »•-*has been ~ na , —o— vice president in charge of saes, Carl O. Ericke has been appointed dis­ trial Brownhoist Corp., Bay City, * trict manager, Detroit territory, Carpen­ succeeding James B. Hayden, ret^f ' ter Steel Co., Reading, Pa. D. Wright has been appointed dir of sales for the eastern seaboard.^^ Arnold Thomas, for 16 years associat­ headquarters in New York. C. • ed with the metallurgical department of has been named director of sa e s o ^ south and west portions of the Chrysler Corp., Detroit, and later in E. I. POLLARD

,/TEEL 92 Facilities May

KSBSS*' Wk5&

Few people realize how extensive are Ex-Cell-O’s facilities for the speedy production of quality parts. Yet the same wide experience, the engineering “ know-how”, and the outstanding accuracy that distinguish Ex-Cell-O machine tools and cutting tools wherever they are used . . . in many parts of the world . . . go into Ex-Cell-O’s production parts manufacture. If your product requires carefully machined parts, the chances are Ex-Cell-O can work with you to your economical advantage. Con­ tact Ex-Cell-O today, either at the Head Office in Detroit or through any one of the 27 other leading industrial centers where Ex-Cell-O field engineering representatives are located.

EX-CELL-O CORPORATION • DETROIT 6

EX-CELL-O for PRECISION MEN of INDUSTRY

States for the company. A. P. Lyvers Wciffenbach has been appointed chief has been appointed district sales man­ .vania territory. Mr. Isberg was with the engineer, Railroad Division, Fairbanks, ager of the firm’s Chicago office, and engineering section cf Westinghouse Morse & Co. He had been doing loco­ Stanley See, district sales manager of Electric Corp., Pittsburgh. Sam H. Penny, motive engineering and designing for the Philadelphia office. Houston, Tex., is serving southeastern the Electro-Mctive Division of General lex.s for the Detroit Broach Co. Henry Motors. Frank Ross Jr. has been appoint­ lhomas R. Donoghue has been ap­ E. Roedter, Cincinnati, is serving south­ ed sales engineer in charge of locomotive pointed safety director, Pittsburgh Plate ern Ohio and Kentucky. James W.bh, sales for the Railroad Division of Fair­ Glass Co.,, Pittsburgh. He will have juris­ formerly assistant chief engineer fsr banks, Morse & Co. He had been assis­ diction over the industrial safety program the company, is now sales engine.r. He tant in the division for the last year, in the 26 plants operated by the company. will be working in co-operation with all l'rank M. Bozart has been appointed east­ He joined the company in 1920, and had ern manager of sales for the company, Detroit Broach representatives through­ been personnel director of the Columbia out the United States. Chemical Division’s Natrium, W. Va., and will be located in the New York plant since 1942. branch. Robert Aldag Jr. has been ap­ pointed sales engineer in the Chicago dis­ Arthur C. Wilby has been elected vice Fred A. Lang has been appointed gener­ trict. Mr. Bozart was with the Electro- president, United States Steel Corp. al manager of the new Shoe Products Sales Motive Division of General Motors. Mr. of Delaware, New York. Mr. Wilby, who Division, B. F. Goodrich Co., Akron. Aldag was with the Chicago, Burlington has been associated with United States & Quincy Railroad Co. Mr. Lang has been wi.h the company Steel since 1909, will maintain his head­ since 1926, and had been merchandise quarters in Chicago. He came to the D. E. Fricker, recently released from manager of the Industrial Products Sales corporation as a salesman for the sub­ the Army, has íetumed to Le Roi Co., Division for the last three years. sidiary, Universal Atlas Cement Co., New *—o--- Milwaukee, as assistant to the advertising York. He became assistant to the presi­ Dr. Rufus E. Zimmerman has been manager. He had been with tire com­ dent of Universal Atlas in 1917. Mr. elected to receive the Medal for the pany’s advertising department before Wilby was appointed Chicago district entering the Army. Advancement of Research for 1946, manager of public relations, Camegie- awarded by the American Society for Illinois Steel Corp., Pittsburgh, in 1937. George H. Greene, assistant chief en­ Metals, Cleveland. Dr. Zimmerman is At the same time, and until 1939, he also gineer, Lackawanna, N. Y., plant, Bethle­ vice president in charge of research and was in charge of the liquidation of sur­ hem Steel Co., Bethlehem, Pa., has been technology, United States Steel Corp., plus properties belonging to United New York. He is also a director and . appointed chief engineer of the com­ States Steel subsidiaries. Since 1938, member of the executive committee of pany’s Steelton plant at Steelton, Pa., be has been in charge of public relations the corporation. Award of the medal, effective Sept. 1. He joined Bethlehem for United States Steel subsidiaries in plaque and citation will be made at in 1926, and was assistant chief engineer the Chicago district. the annual banquet of the Americ n So­ at Lackawanna since 1940. ciety for Metals to be held in Atlantic S. D. Moxley has been promoted to C. McA. Evans, now on terminal leave City, N. J., on Nov. 21, during the Na­ after more than 5 years in the Navy, has tional Metal Congress and Exposition. vice president, American Cast Iron Pipe Co., Birmingham, succeeding C. D. Barr, been elected president, Chicago Steel Foundry Co., Chicago. E. A. Foster has been appointed man­ recently made president. Mr. Moxley had ager, application engineering department, been chief engineer of the company since 1926. Frederick C. Abbott, formerly man­ Railroad Division, Fairbanks, Morse & ager of the New Products Division, has Co., Chicago. He will have direct re­ been named assistant production man­ sponsibility for all locomotive applica­ Detroit Broach Co., Detroit, an­ ager, manufacturing department, Penn­ tion studies. He was locomotive per­ nounces appointment of three new sales sylvania Salt Mfg. Co., Philadelphia. He formance engineer, engineering depart­ representa ives. Ernest A. 1 berg is now reports to C. S. Bcldin. production man­ ment, Electro - Motive Division, La serving the Philadelphia, southern New ager. Hugh Richard Bishop, recently re­ Grange, 111., General Motors Corp. J. F. Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, District of leased from the Army, has been named Columbia and southeastern Pennsyl- manager of the New Products Division, succeeding Mr. Abbott. Martin E. John­ son has been transferred from the mar­ ket research department to the Ne'' Products Division. Mr. Abbott l’oine Pennsalt in 1943. He is a member of American Chemical Society and Amen can Institute of Chemical Engineers.

Donald' L. Hadley has been appointed heed of the new Hartford, Conn., ¡n’1 of Had’ey, Ryder & Pederson. He u been design consultant for Westing muse Electric Corp., Pittsburgh. ■—0— Dave Wetlierly, chemical engine0 who participated in a supervisory^ ca P ’city during the desian and cons rue tion program at the O k Ridge e:1' DR. RUFUS E. ZIMMERMAN S. D. M OXLEY atom bomb plant, has been name 01 .94 MEN of INDUSTRY

VIRGIL V. GRANT MARCUS J. AURELIUS I. H. LUNDGREN

Who has been elected treasurer, Caterpillar Elected sales vice president. United St"tes Appointed assistant chief engineer, Warren, O,. Tractor Co., Peoria, II'., no ted in S T E E L, A u g . Steel Supply Co., Chicago, noted in STEEL, district, Reru'lie Steel Corp., Cleveland, noted 12 issue, p . 7 1 . Aug. 12 issue, p. 68. in STEEL, Aug. 12 issue, p. 70.

twct engineer for the eastern district, ager of the department. Mr. Russell charge of manufacturing. He joined H. h. Ferguson Co., Cleveland. Mr. joined the Westinghouse Elec'ric Corp. Plymouth Division of Chrysler Corp., Wetherly joined the Ferguson company at its MansGeld, O., plant in 1933, and Detroit, in 1930, and from 1931-36, was last year, and has been engaged in the transferred to the International com­ in charge of plant layout and equipment design of distillery waste disposal plants. pany at New York in 1935. design. In 1936, he t-ansferred to the corporation’s De Soto Division as plant Dr. Edwin Gregory, chi f metallur­ O. F. Hans has been elee'ed com­ engineer. He joined Nash in 1937 as gist, Ed;ar Allen & Co. Ltd., Sheffield, mercial vice president, General Electric plant engineer of its Wisconsin plants. England, has been elected president of Co., Schenectady, N. Y. He will make —o— Institution of Engineering Inspection, his headquarters in Philade'phia, and Fred Bannrter, former advertising succeeding Maj. Gen. C. A. Woods. will be in charge of the company’s At­ manager of Fafnir Bearing Co., New —o— lantic district. Mr. Hans succeeds Britain, Conn., has been appointed New Douglas C. Lynch has been appoint­ Chari s K. West, who has retired. Mr. England representative of The Iron Age. ed assistant general manager, Westin 2- West served 47 years with the company. He succeeds the late Dwight C. Warren. fmuse Electric International Co., New —0— York. Associated with the commny in Wilfred H. Roy has been named W. E. Jones, who has been associated New York and abroad since 1937, Mr. assistant to the general production man­ with Diamond Alkali Co., Pittsburgh, for Lyn-.h recently returned from a West- ager, Rheem Mfg. Co., New York. Mr. 30 years, and who has been treasurer of mghouse mission to the Near East, R~y joined Rheem at the Stockton, the company for the greater part of "here he was in charge of an airport Calif., plant in 1942, and recently had that time, will resign, effective Sept. 1. survey in Turkey and conducted other been slaff assistant at the South Gate company business in Egypt. Mr. Lynch plant. William J. McClung has been named ad been manager of the company’s spe- general manager, Bethlehem Pacific oal preducts department since 1943, and B. A. Chapman, staff engineer, Nash- Coast Steel Corp. His headquarters be succeeded in this position by Kelvinator Corp., Detroit, has been ap­ will be at the South San Francisco plant 0 crt Russell, formerly assistant man- pointed assistant to the vice president in of the company.

his son, Maurice A. White, president, and by United States Steel Corp. as a clerk 0 b>TUARIES... was also founder of American Stock in the accounting department of Ameri­ c. E. Monnier, 56, secretary-treasurer, Gear Co., Chicago, a division of Ameri­ can Sheet & Tin Plats Co. at Pitts­ weka Tool & Die Co., Dayton, O., died can Gear & Mfg. Co. burgh in 1912. He was transferred to recently. —o—• Chicago as assistant credit manager in Frank A. Terry, 72, who retired in 1939 1935, and retained that same position , Ei’"in botcher, 54, president, after 27 years as Cincinnati branch man­ when Camegie-Ulinois Steel Corp. was ; cher Tool & Engineering Co., Center ager Columbia Tool Steel Co., Chicago formed in 1936. He returned to Pitts­ j nC’ ] cll-> d‘ed recently in Detroit. Heights, 111., died recently in Browns­ burgh as manager of the Eastern Divi­ ear ier years, he was associated with ville, Tex. sion in May, 1941, and was named as­ p. ,°en ^lotor Car Co. in France, and —o—■ sistant treasurer in September of the Cn 6r rs °^y division, General Motors Ralph J. Phipps, 53, assistant treas­ following year. L o rP ., Detroit. urer and Eastern Division credit man­ —' o — ager, Carnegie-Illinois Steel Corp., Pitts­ William A. Gresens, 56, secretary- s 8rr> YVhite, 76, secretary-trea- burgh, a subsidiary of United States treasurer and a director, Robert W. Hunt r, American Gear & Mfg. Co., Steel Corp., died suddenly from a heart Co., Chicago, died recently in that city. icago, died recently in Oak Park, 111. att ck, Aug. 11, at his home in Mt. He had been associated with the com­ as co-founder of the company with Lebanon, Pa. He was first employed pany 35 years.

August 19, i 946 95 SPATTER 1035-% OP CORE E60IC E60IC E60II Current Current oaiy ...... Polarity l. Strength Ult. Strength, Y'ield Volts Volts Amperes Elongation Reduction Reduction in Size, 61 EÇ3 62 HTS £6020 E6ÇM3 £6012 psi psi psi psi ' 1 /8 " diameter— Elongation, Elongation, diameter— " /8 1 ' Area, of i 2 in 2 in % ...... imtr n Aprs Volts Amperes in. Diameter, ...... Electrode ...... /2 3-3 22-26 230-330 7/32 / 5-5 24-30 23-27 350-550 275-425 6 5/1 1 /4 16 1520 20-24 20-23 155-240 125-190 6 /1 3 5/32 / 9-4 2 23 20 90-140 1/8 % ...... PIU CRET RANGES CURRENT OPTIMUM ...... ___ TABLE TABLE 24.6 % i 1". in 34.4« 70.7 51.6

76,000 Wedn oe in Done elding (W i

1/8x14 HSCL RPRIS F T ELECTRODES I ITS OF PROPERTIES PHYSICAL 140 eec i satr be­ spatter in ference Fig. tween tic tic types five to common levels (left) ye of types hwn satr loss spatter showing codne ih W-SM 234T As A233-45T— AWS-ASTM with Accordance 2

n lime-ferri- and E6010 E6010 IITS HTS (right) (.above) E60XX E60XX electrode /2x 14 x 5/32 electrodes Reverse 58,000 58,750 67,500 67.500 Direct electrode AL ITT TABLE 74.5 68.6 29.7 23.1 30.5 162 — Dif­ and

/6x 14 x 3/16 AWS Grade Spatter Loss—% Loss—% Spatter Grade AWS Reverse UTS SPATTER LOSS OF MILD STEEL ELECTRODE ELECTRODE STEEL MILD OF LOSS SPATTER E6020 E6020 E6013 E6012 E6012 E6011 E6010 E6010 69.500 69.000 61.500 58.000 Direct 74.2 1 3 31 72.8 32.1 22 7 22 ISO Gov WlsFa Position) Welds—Flat (Groove /2x14 x 7/32 elded) W Revcr-e vso Engi er Ee ode Division e d ro Eled r, ee in g n E ivision D 56.500 66,500 55 000 55 68.000 tes cro ad alloy and carbon steels, steels weldable of Held ek eaig applica­ relating week and iron cast stock, New New te csig, enameling castings, steel icsig rpris will article properties first discussing This others. o nld hg carbon high include to Direct e olwe b oe next one by ed follow be AL n TABLE 71.2 74.5 6 33 34.4 in o ti electrode this of tions 23.0 260 y RIL T. BARNETT T.. ORVILLE By TYPES tl Temi Corp. it Therm & etal M lcrd extends electrode w York ew N 1/4 x 14x 1/4 Reverse 66,000 66 000 56.500 56.000 Direct Direct 71.8 69.0 35.2 30.5 24.0 338 / l e e t oi Lon oi

F Polarity

g.o %SV V %S >g«.ion - Reverse 5:::::::::::: B a o t Reverse Ampere,...... i E00 HTS E0010 Si» Volt, SfWloo. % in 2" 2" in% SfWloo. , lt psi ' 7 t:00 67 ' i s p , ilith L a,f S i Welded W Si» Tnhoo Tnhoo 0-.0 agns Popou Sulphur Phosphorus Manganese •06-0.10 OP TBE V TABLE COMPJ N°TE:Results of tions: hs ttmn tu, pca wedn poeue involving procedures elding w special true, statement this ye ae h floig d & emi Cr. classifica­ alloyed Corp. it he T herm T & td e M needed. are following the typeshave strength pact im or tensile higher Allgust 19,1946 eration with a low carbon rim m ed steel core wire. In In of wire. deposits here core w steel available op­ ed m are for rim varieties suitable it carbon alloyed addition, ake low m to a (see with changes eration certain electrodes with 1946) 25, steel stainless type lime on HTS. Essentially the coating is com parable to that found found that to parable com is coating the Essentially HTS. speci­ aterials M esting T for Society ingSociety—American fication for arc welding electrodes, brings these “difficult- materials. “difficult- eldable w these of fold brings the into electrodes, to-weld eld­ ’metals W welding new arc American fication for this under ever ow H classified considered not yet been as means. type, electrode have economical aterials any m by unweldable these of many Heretofore cast iron may all be w elded w ith lim e-ferritic electrodes. electrodes. e-ferritic lim ith w and stock elded w eling be enam all may castings, iron cast steel alloy and steels,carbon TE- Results of rritic r er Of course all steels are w eldable. But in order to make make to order in But eldable. w are steels all course Of The unalloyed lime-ferritic electrode is known as type type as known is electrode lime-ferritic unalloyed The cTDsgain eei Classification Ceneric M Sc Designation T NOW high carbon steels, high sulphur free-machining free-machining sulphur high steels, carbon high NOW ...... of Area,% of ...... ATTVE DEPOSITION CHARACTERISTICS AND AS W ELDED ELDED W AS AND CHARACTERISTICS DEPOSITION ATTVE Type AWL — Maneanese molybdenum lime-ferritic lime-ferritic molybdenum Maneanese — AWL Type Type HTS — Carbon steel lime-ferritic or just “lime-ferritic” Type “lime-ferritic” just Type or lime-ferritic Type steel Carbon — HTS Type RPRIS F 61, T AD 62 ELECTRODES E6029 AND HTS E6010, OF PROPERTIES FET F TES EIVN O PYIA PROPERTIES PHYSICAL ON RELIEVING STRESS OF EFFECT STI S IC T IS R E T C A R ^ 2115 2115 7015B 8015Q two .... two CHEMICAL ANALYSES OF HTS W ELD METAL METAL ELD W HTS OF ANALYSES CHEMICAL ...... 0.50-0.60 0.020 Max. 0.030 Max. 0.030 Max. 0.020 0.50-0.60 ...... 0- averaged. 0.505-s an ? an — Carbon molybdenum lime-ferritic lime-ferritic molybdenum Carbon — .0 pcmn averaged. specimens 0.505 — Nickel molybdenum lime-ferritic lime-ferritic molybdenum Nickel — hoim oydnm lime-ferritic molybdenum Chromium — ...... Fv ae Pd n id Steel) Mild on Pad Layer (Five 570 69,250 65,750 270 59,750 52,750 77 62.2 57.7 Direct Direct 7 180 175 AL VI TABLE TABLE TV TABLE 3/16x14 Si S j g As 7 L 16x14 1 x 6 /1 3 5 S E l e e t , , M arch arch M ™ lectrodes PHYSICAL 0.20-0.30 /2x14 x 5/32 16x18 x 6 /1 3 ritic electrodes show ed a consistent freedom from crack crack from freedom consistent a ed show and electrodes hydrogen ritic uch m contain electrodes, E6030 and the E6020 around osphere atm gaseous a have electrodes ferritic such as those produced by E6010, E6011, E6012, E6013, E6013, E6012, E6011, monoxide. atmospheres, E6010, carbon electrode by steel mild produced ther O those as such hydrogen. un­ of free yet as observations on founded is answer he T joints. explained w ith regard to the mechanism of cracking. Lime- Lime- cracking. of mechanism the to regard ith w explained w orthwhile addition to the family of carbon steel welding welding steel carbon of family the to electrodes. addition orthwhile w arc com posed essentially of carbon dioxide and almost almost and dioxide carbon of essentially posed com arc why ask to natural is it steels, carbon high of welding the these new electrodes are less likely to develop cracked cracked develop to likely less are electrodes new these applications to prove the establishm ent of a different and and different a of successful ent enough establishm welding the contains ticklish now prove to to record solution The applications untried but new applications. a considered Relieved Relieved tions becam e unnecessary. N or m ust this electrode be be electrode this ust m opera­ or N costly these prac­ of of unnecessary. any m e introduction becam welding recent electrodes, tions after paratively e-ferritic com lim the interpass tical ediately m Since im ent controlled tory. treatm carefully heat peratures, tem peratures, tem preheat high n ee te s o sanes te eetoe wee anda­ m ere w electrodes steel stainless of use the even and E6020 E6020 Silicon Reverse Reverse Stress Stress 62 750 750 62 52.800 66,650 54.550 ed ed mae n adnbe tes t lime-fer­ ith w steels hardenable on ade m welds Bead Considering first the use of lim e-ferritic electrodes for for electrodes e-ferritic lim of use the first Considering Direct Direct 77.1 37.5 55.1 14.9 27.7 11.1 64.9 71.1 31.0 225 slag and w eld m etal. W here “hot “hot here W etal. m eld w and slag ing taking place in the heat affected affected heat the in crack­ any place ithout taking w ing steels carbon high appears theory this hydrogen, no lime- ost Since m develops. crack the here w cracks during cooling. Surface holes holes Surface etal m eld w cooling. the during present, cracks is een shortness” betw interaction “red the ith or w interferes shortness” ot “h causes ur h p used to w eld extremely hardenable hardenable extremely eld w actual to In used cracking. from freedom of al­ contain atmospheres eld w ferritic shortness”. Furtherm ore, the sulphur sulphur the ore, Furtherm sul­ because shortness”. -welding to electrodes well ordinary very ith w respond not do zone. been have electrodes IITS explanation practice, reasonable quite a be to metal parent the of zone affected heat and a rough w eld contour are defects defects are contour eld w rough a and from the liquid w eld m etal to the the to etal m passes eld w hydrogen for liquid he T af­ the heat responsible from the zone. in is fected cracking feel observers hydrogen “under-bead” some elec­ at th Therefore E60XX point. other the of all while trode types produced cracks at this this at cracks produced zone types trode heat-affected the in Formation H igh sulphur free-m achining steels steels achining free-m sulphur igh H Pes tr t Page to turn (Please 128) 97 METALLURGY is an exceedingly complex subject, the grain boundaries, or in the grains between the crystals. because the metal structures involved are themselves quite Too, certain other elements may separate out during complex. Where electricity lends itself to simple analogies cooling to room temperature. Obviously, the resulting HEAT TREATING (electricity flowing in a wire being similar to water flow­ structure is quite complex, as previously mentioned. ing in a pipe, etc.), there are very few such analogies that Work Hardening: l'or the moment, let’s disregard can be used in explaining physical metallurgy and metal­ some of these additional particles and say that in general, lurgical reactions. However, if we disregard for the aluminum alloys are composed of “grains”, in turn com­ moment some of the finer technical details, it is possible posed of “crystals”. Adjoining crystals can “slip” against to present a few com paratively sim ple concepts th at may each other in many different directions; that is, they are enable the reader to obtain a little better understanding said . to have many different “slip planes”. A metal is of what goes on in producing and heat treating aluminum called “soft” when its crystals have a “fresh” set of slip alloys. Production is included with heat treatment because planes that have “not been used”. the two are so closely allied. The following discussion is We say "not been used” because application of mechan­ intended for the nontechnical reader to enable him to more ical force will cause crystals to slip along any given slip easily understand some of the “reasons why” in metallurgy plane only a certain amount. When a soft metal is ham­ and heat treatment of the aluminum alloys. mered or stretched out or has its dimensions changed me­ Combinations of metals such as those found in the alu­ chanically by any other method of applying force at room minum alloys may have an exceedingly complex structure. temperature, the adjoining crystals move along a slip This first article in a series of five, discusses the A molten aluminum alloy will be composed of six to nine plane. But because only a certain amount of slippage can metallurgy and heat treatment of aluminum alloys different metals, some dissolved in others (like ink in water) occur along any one slip plane, the limit of movement on and some not dissolved but just mixed (like oil in water). in nontechnical terms. Techniques that provide that plane is quickly reached and further working then As the molten alloy is allowed to cool, it will reach a point requires slippage along other planes. desired properties will be described in later articles where solidification begins. At this point “crystals” begin However, the planes along which subsequent slippage to form. With continued cooling, additional crystals form, then occurs may not be so favorably positioned with re­ building up on the first ones, in turn producing “grains.” spect to the applied force. The result is that the appli­ Thus for our purpose we will say that the solidified metal cation of the same amount of force as before produces By G . W . BIRDSALL is composed of grains, in turn com posed of crystals. much less change in shape. Or stated another way—to Reynolds Metals Co. In addition, certain compounds are formed t by the produce the same amount of change in shape, much more Louisville, Ky. various combinations of metals. These compounds may force must be applied. As further work is done on the solidify out separately, either between the grains along piece, this resistance increases (Please turn to Page 156)

T'g. 1—Furnace for artificial aging (precipitation heat Pig, 4— chart depicting freezing of pure metals ( line A, treatment) of aluminum and Us alloys. Powerful fan is B, C, and D ) end alloys (dotted line E, F, and G). As used to recirculate heated air through load shown here, a pure metal solidifies at one definite point whereas an alloy does so over a range of temperature Fig. 2—Thermocouples both inside and outside of every hey coil aid in providing accurate control of heati'g re­ Fig. 5—A fast quench is imperative in many cycles. Here quired for proper heating cycles in heat treating alum­ sjiecial setup drops sheet directly from furance into the inum. Car type furnace being employed water quench Fig. 6 —Large refrigerators, using dry ice, cool metal to Fig. 3 Special vertical furnace accommodates 50 ft ex­ retard age hardening which otherwise would progress truded alumirun. sections and quenches instantly by drop­ rapidly at room temperatures. Coo'.ing maintains work­ ping them into water pit located directly beneath furnace ability, allowing easy straightening or other operations As much as 42,000 pounds of borings and Skid pans, containing borings and turnings received from the line of the road, as well as from the locai shops, are turnings are recovered daily by modern sal­ hauled to the plant by pow er lift truck and dumped on vaging system pile next to bucket elevator No. 1. As shown in Fig. 1, an atten d an t (scrap assorter) rakes th e scrap to inlet hopper of elevator at floor level, where MODERN mechanical handling system for cleaning, a screen or grating serves to keep out any material that separating and recovering brass borings and turnings for is larger than the elevators are designed to handle. In use in its own brass foundry was recently installed at addition, a small flat magnet, counterweighted and sus­ the Mt. Clare, Baltimore shops of Baltimore & Ohio pended over inlet hopper from a pulley chain, is utilized railroad. for removing any large, heavy pieces of iron and steel Most of the staple items such as shoes, wedges and Bucket elevator No. 1 delivers scrap by circular spout bushings of various sizes are cast at the Mt. Clare foundry to a revolving screen which further screens out the larger principally from scrap borings and turnings originating pieces. Brass then passes by gravity to bucket elevator in the shops of the railroad. Borings and turnings are No. 2 which delivers it through a second spout to a mag­ carefully collected in pans at the place of operation and netic separator, Fig. 2. Mere the ferrous metal is removed dumped into skid pans which are then shipped to Mt. as it passes over a magnetic revolving drum. Clare in the shop-material express or other cars. Scrap continues to flow into inlet hopper of No. 8 In spite of care exercised to keep ferrous scrap turn­ bucket elevator which raises it for discharge through ings and other matter from becoming mixed with the spout to skid pans that are hauled to the foundry on lift brass, a small percentage of such foreign material is al­ trucks. Scrap is then melted, poured into pigs and held ways present when scrap is received. Obviously it is not in stock until needed. Separating capacity of this new suitable for melting into pigs for subsequent use in the plant is 42,000 lb daily, or more than a million pounds brass foundry until such foreign matter has been removed. a month. According to Mr. V . N . Dawson, g e n e r a l store­ Under the old method turnings were dumped into a keeper, of the Baltimore & Ohio system, in his article in pile just inside the separator house and shoveled into Railtoatj Purchases and Stores magazine, the new unit a vibrating screen designed to eliminate the large pieces is believed to be the most efficient of its kind. and fittings that were mixed with the smaller brass. Turn­ Elevators spaced 7 ft apart, m easure 13, 14 and 18 ings were then shoveled by hand into the hopper of a centers height. Head shafts of all three elevators are con magnetic separator, the brass falling on one side of re­ nected by individual roller chain drives to a common drive volving magnetic drum, and' the iron and steel on the shaft which in turn is connected to a 5-hp wall mount other side. double reduction motorized speed reducer of 14 to Cleaned brass was shoveled into a large bin in a comer, speed ratio. , , and the iron and steel into another. As needed, screened Elevating mechanism consists of an endless stran o and cleaned borings and turnings were shoveled, again C-188 malleable iron and steel combination chain o by hand, into skid pans and hauled to the foundry. which 6 x 4-in. malleable iron buckets are attac ^ To replace so much hand shoveling, speed up the opera­ at 13-in. intervals. It is operated at a chain speed o tion and cut costs, the department installed three vertical fpm over Flint rim head and foot sprocket " ^ steel-encased, centrifugal-discharge bucket elevators manu­ The foot shaft of each elevator operates in take-up^ _ factured by Link-Belt Co., Chicago. ings which permit adjusting length of elevating m

Fig. 1 (left)-General scrap separating "tstc ' Pile of metal on floor g * cleaned and recovered for in the shop fou

Fig. 2 (right) I” magnetic separator short ^ brass faUs off magn ,

data courtesy Link-Belt Co- Fig. 1 (above) — Front view of rotary fixture with tools in place for brazing. Tool fixture is changed by removal of only three bolts. Following braz­ ing, tools drop into pan below

Fig. 2 (right) — In foreground girl operator Is brazing a 3/4-in. tool held in a screw clamp fixture. Operator in rear is wiping” tip into p'ace on a large IV4 x I'/z-in. rtralght shank shell turning tool

use of induction brazing reduced the cost of the same jobs ungsfen carbide ftps are brazed to more to as low as 30 cents per hour. on 00 types of cutting fools by use of Brazing operations in the plant are performed on two uction process; method reduces cost of 15 kw, 2-station, 9600 cycle Ohio Crankshaft units using some jobs from $4 to 30 cents per hour the Tocco process. These are located in the production area of the shop where they provide full-capacity opera­ tions. No complicated technique is required to braze a tip bide tin induction heating for brazing tungsten car- properly to any of the many styles of tools produced in the sueh cw ° m.°re ^ian types of cutting tools effected Willey’s plant. The operator, with the tip and brazing able to ln^S • a maior independent tool producer was material positioned in the recess, places the tool beneath chin« .ai,l0rtlze ti,e cost of liis two induction heating ma- the inductor. The healing cycle may run from 3 sec to I « in tliree months. b min depending upon the type of tool being brazed. As brazimr^H^ an innovat,on in the not-too-old practice of the heating progresses, the operator, by use of a small rod, heatine ^ !° cuttlri2 t0°is> this application of induction “wipes” the tip into place as the material softens. Power °Q0a 'ncreaseci output with no increase in man- Tools are held beneath the inductor by one of three duetio ■ nC *'le ^actors responsible for increased pro- methods, of which the rotary chuck already mentioned is whicbn 1Si 1° ro^ary ii-^fnre developed by the com pany one. The others are either by a screw-clamp fixture or by was } °ne °Perator to do in 1 hour what formerly a magnetic chuck block. With the latter large tools are ^ achieved m approxim ately 8 . easily positioned beneath the inductor in rapid fashion. menk°r *n° to '^il'ey’s Carbide Tool Co., Detroit, ship- The rotary fixture designed in the shops of the Willey’s ^ents wenL nr» on ’ *■ ¡¡A ma UP per cent in one month with no increase company is a Iransite block 6 in. in diameter with IVfe-in. hrazinrr^0 \'er ^ specifying new tools daily for induction face mounted on a revolving spindle attached to an upright <=• Vhere certain jobs cost as high as $4 per hour, support. It has a capacity of (Please turn to Page 154)

August 19,1946 Use of holding fixtures wherever possible for buffing and polishing and conveyorized setups for buffing and plating reduces costs and speeds pro­ duction without sacrificing quality

HIGH efficiency of operation and close adherence to each wheel being set to buff one or more surfaces, specifications form the cornerstone of Gerity Michigan Die buffing of circular parts is done on Acme chucks or heads Casting Co.’s modern plating plant. Although the company that permit the part to rotate as it is fed against the wheel. manufactures lines of batliroom hardware in large quanti­ Some such heads bring the periphery of one or ties, using purchased castings, these items constitute only castings against the buff and some bring the face of the a fraction of the total plating output. Much of it is on casting against the wheel. die cast automobile parts which are exposed to severe Some machines used for semiautomatic buffing are of weathering and require heavy coatings of the highest the dial type equipped with holders that rotate the work grade. as the dial advances it under the buffs. In these, used Almost the entire output is on zinc alloy die castings especially for faucet handles, the work is loaded and un­ that, although cast with remarkably smooth surfaces, re­ loaded at one station while at others around the dial the quire some polishing, especially along parting lines, and work is passing under the wheels set to buff specific sur­ buffing on all surfaces to be plated. Polishing is done faces. Many wheels are provided with automatic feed chiefly on canvas wheels to which grit is glued, or on of sticks of huffing compound. Parts are completely bi abrasive belts. Some of these are narrow and run over a on exposed surfaces as rapidly as the operator can pulley at the end of an arm that enables the belt to be and unload the work and lay buffed parts in trays. Some passed through openings and reach surfaces (such as the parts, especially faucet handles, have to make two cir interior of a horn ring) that could not be reached con­ cuits of the dial, being turned over for the second circuit veniently by a wheel. Although various grades of grit or passed to a second duplicate machine for buffing tie are employed, (usually 180 to 220) policy is to use the second side. finest that will yield desired results. Certain castings, such as flat grille sections and castings As in all plating plants, much buffing is done on stitched of similar shape, are handled on straight line polis mg muslin wheels dressed with stick compounds containing tripoli or equivalent abrasive. On most castings, the irre­ gular shape requires that much if not all buffing be done with the work guided by hand but on some castings han­ dled in large quantities, machine buffing is done. The work is then usually passed under several wheels in succession,

Fig. 1— After color buffing the plated reflectors, they are placed in card racks of this type and are sprayed with clear lacquer to prevent tarnishing

Fig. 2—One of the lines along which hand buffing is done

Fig. 3—Plating setup for handling 20,000 flashlight reflectors per day. Tanks are along three walls of a small room used especially for this work which• ir eludes anodic cleaning, copper plating (in tanks at right and far end) and sub­ sequent silver plating in tar.ks at left

Fig. 4— Straight line machine in which polished castings are placed on fixtures loaded on a conveyor to advance work under six buffing wheels, each set to buff a particular area

Fig. 5—At this station, s'lver plated reflectors are unracked and laid on the belt (beyond girls hands) along which color-buffing of the plating is done Wheels, being below belt level, are hidden by partition

102 machines. The work is placed on wooden holding fixtures each side of w hich are several operators each having a Fig. 6—Conveyor which carries buffed die cast­ that are fed in at one end of the machine and are advanced small power driven buffing wheel that fits inside the re­ ings, on hooks or in baskets, through the de­ by a chain along the bed, passing in succession under flector. greaser, part of which is visible several wheels, each set to buff a particular surface. At the Each reflector is held on a hand arbor so made that the other end of the machine, the fixtures are unloaded and casting rotates slowly as it is buffed. On the first buff, Fig. 7—Along this line, castings coming from the portion of the reflector surface next to the rim is bulled returned on a conveyor to the loading end. Such automatic the degreaser are placed on racks by girls wear­ and on the second wheel the central or lower portion of the machines naturally are faster than hand buffing and re­ ing gloves to avoid finger and perspiration quire less labor per piece. reflector is buffed. Tliis is followed by a final buffing, marks on the piece Quite unususal but highly efficient is a conveyorized setup called “coloring”, that provides an exceedingly high luster. for buffing and plating 20,000 flashlight reflectors a day. Between each operation the small castings are returned to These small castings have the reflector surface cast with the belt and when they approach the end of the belt they Fig. 8—Start of the chrome plating line show­ extreme smoothness so that only buffing is needed to make are inspected by girls who also rack the castings for plat­ ing racks of castings hanging from the LaSalco the surface ready for plating. At the start of the line, ing. Any defective ones are returned for rebuffing or are conveyor and about to enter first tank which is along a belt conveyor, the castings are first tapped rejected, but the proportion of rejects is small. under a drill press and then are placed on the belt along Because of the large volume of these castings and the fact that they require silver plating, they are handled in Fig. 9—Intermediate station on the cfxrome plating line with one of the spray rinse tarks a separate plating setup. In the plating line the first oper­ in the foreground and several racks of castings ation is to soak in a soap solution and the second is to hanging from conveyor anodically clean in a proprietary alkaline solution at 190° F. This is followed by a cold rinse, a short dilute acid dip to etch the surface and another cold rinse, making the Fig. 10—One of the conveyorized lines for castings ready for the copper plating that precedes silver automatic copper and nickel plating. After plating. cleaning and etching, the racks of castings, Copper plating is done in two stages, the first being hanging from the conveyor bars, enter the a copper strike applied in a few seconds in a conventional copper plating tank cyanide solution. The purpose of tliis strike is to prevent immersion plating in the next bath which is of the Uni­ Fig. 11—Intermediate station along one plating chrome high-speed copper type. If immersion coating line where racks leave the copper plating tank, occurred, the bright copper would lack proper adherence. are rinsed and then enter the nickel plating Bright copper plating requires 4 niin at approximately tar.k by means of automatic conveyor 100 amp per sq ft, lire solution being air agitated and held at 130° F. This bright plating is followed by three cold dip rinses Fig. 12 Another station on a copper-nickel to keep all copper plating solution out of the silver strike line showing one of the tanks at which fins bath that follows. After this strike, the racks are sliifte high pressure spray rinse is applied to oscillating bars in the final silver plating solution where plating requires 8 min at 15 amp per sq ft, the bath being Other die castings, most of which are far larger parts, follow a quite different cycle along a highly mechanized at room temperature. Next come three cold dip rinses and a soap rinse, followed by a hot water rinse and blow dry­ line. After passing the inspection that follows buffing, large castings are hung from hooks on a monorail chain. ing with compressed air. The plated castings are then unracked and placed on a belt conveyor. Smaller castings are laid in metal baskets that are hung on the same chain which advances them through a stand- Along this conveyor, each plated reflector surface is color buffed, using a silver rouge stick on small soft wheels aid degreaser. This involves the use of hot trichlothylene applied in four stages, namely: Vapor, liquid spray, vapor that yield a brilliant luster. Each reflector is then inpected and liquid spray. The solvent spray dislodges any solid and one is placed in each hole of a packing card which, particles of foreign matter and, in combination with the when filled, is advanced into a spray booth where a coat vapor that condenses on the parts, dissolves all oil and of clear lacquer is applied to prevent the silver from grease, leaving parts clean, dry and ready for racking. tarnishing. Each tray is set aside to dry and is then ready After leaving the degreaser, parts continue on the con­ for packing and shipment, completing a highly efficient veyor along the racking line where they are removed and cycle that yields a beautifully plated part at an exceedingly placed in plating racks, most of which are designed especially for the individual parts. Racks are hung from pipe supports Until loaded and then go back on the chain conveyor for transfer to the plating lines. Racking is done with gloved hands, to avoid perspiration and grease marks. Racks are covered with Bunatol stop-off lacquer. There are three major plating lines. Two of these are mechanized and the third (used chiefly for parts that require either lighter or heavier coatings than are applied on automatic lines) is equipped with ordinary dip tanks. The following applies to the conveyorized lines which,

Fig. 13— Row of spray booths in department where enamel is sprayed on parts of castings most of which have been plated. One of the masks through which fill-in spraying is done is shown in foreground

Fig. 14—Another part of the enameling room. Girl in background is spraying back face of a grille and those at are doing hand touch-up wipe-off work. Spray have down draft to draw over-spray away from operators. Part of baking oven is shown in the background and above

Fig. 15— Group of zinc die castings that have been plated with copper-nickel-chromium. Those in foreground am bathroom hardware items and the remainder are automo­ bile grille and trim parts YOU CAN CUT TOOLING COSTS today With This 4-Way Protection Against Tool Steel Failures

4 O. K. POROSITY ACID D IS C -IN S P EC TIO N — for internal soundness

Tough Brittle Tim bre Tim b re ( 3/ 4 " rd.) !% " rd-J Both B.'ine quenched at

t o u g h t i m b r e t e s t — for dependable tool performance

4 Torsion Impact Test Specimen

t o r s i o n i m p a c t t e s t — for right combination of toughness and ^hardness.

Cone Test Specimen

CONE TEST -for uniform hardness penetration _

On each tooling job, you put all your skill into the Carpenter gives you a tried and proved method of tool making and heat treating of a tool. But, as you know, steel selection. For example, the Carpenter Matched 10 Prevent costly machine shutdowns and premature Tool Steel Manual quickly points out the steel best tool failure, sound, u n ifo rm steels a re a " m u s t” . T h a t’s suited for each of your tool making jobs. "hy these rigid quality tests, pioneered by Carpenter, Then it gives you complete heat treating are your safe bet for low er tooling costs and dependable instructions for the steel you select. A note tool perform ance. to us on your company letterhead, indicat­ And Here s Additional Help For Lower Tooling Costs!— ing your title, starts this 168-page Manual 01ng one step further in helping you cut costs, on its way to you. W rite today.

CAR PENTER STEEL COMPANY, 139 W. BERN STREET, READING

NOW—FOR PROMPT SHIPMENT FROM CALL YOUR NEARBY CARPENTER COMPUTE STOCKS OF MATCHCUm WAREHOUSE OR DISTRIBUTOR TOOL STEELS

SEE Y O U R CLASSIFIED TELEPHONE DIRECTORY

i ok-i * Boston • buffalo • Chicago • Cincinnati • Cleveland • Dayton • Detroit • Hartford • Indianapolis • Los Angeles rniladelphla . Portland, Ore. • Providence San Francisco Seattle • Worcester, Mass. Canada: Toronto and Montreal

Au8ust l9> 194e 107 except for loading and unloading of density is 45 amp per sq ft yielding a enough to meet requirements but some racks, are entirely automatic and are minimum of 0.0005 to 0.0007-in. of require light bulling on certain areas to used for coatings having a total minimum nickel. Plating is followed by two cold pass inspection. Castings that are to re­ thickness of plate of 0.0008 to 0.001-in. water dip rinses and the parts are ready ceive enamel on certain areas are de­ On the copper-nickel line, a Crown for the chrome plating line unless the livered to a paint room for this purpose. Rheostat Co. conveyor is used and on the nickel is not uniformly bright, in which There either air-drying lacquer or enamel chrome line a LaSalco conveyor ad­ event some buITing is done. designed especially for adherence to vances tire plating racks. In the -first After transfer to the LaSalco conveyor plated surfaces is sprayed on, usually position racks of parts are given a short of the chromium plating line, racks first through a close fitting mask that covers soak hi hot soap dilution and then enter enter a cleaning solution containing all surfaces except those to be sprayed. the anodic cleaning tank which contains sodium cyanide and caustic soda, where This spraying is done while the work a hot proprietory alkaline cleaner. Next die parts remain 15 sec. Three rinses, in­ rests on an inclined grating through comes a rinse in circulating water after cluding spray, dip and spray follow after which there is a down draft to carry off which the bar conveyor shifts the racks which the racks enter the chromium sul­ excess spray. Several duplicate masks into a dilute sulphuric acid to etch the phate solution for chromium plating are provided and, to keep enamel off surfaces for %-min. This is followed by about 2 min at a 2 to 4 v potential. Tem­ under surfaces, the masks are hung in a cold rinse and by short dips in two perature of the bath, which is in a tank solvent as soon as they become soiled tanks each of which applies a copper lined with vitreous brick, is held automa­ enough to deposit enamel on areas where strike from a conventional cyanide solu­ tically at 110° F by a coil through which it is not wanted. After spraying, parts are tion at 120° F, to prevent immersion steam or cold water is circulated. At the usually baked for 20 min at 280° F while plating in the bright copper tank. end of the tank are nozzles which create being carried through an oven on a chain After successive cold water rinses, the a fine water spray that strikes the plated conveyor. racks enter the “Uniclirome” bright cop­ parts as racks are elevated, water draining Some zinc die castings that do not re­ per bath which is air agitated. In addi­ back into the tank to lower drag-out loss. quire plating are also enameled in this department but are first given a coat of tion, the bars carrying the racks are ad­ Plating Followed By Three Rinses vanced by chain. Plating continues for zinc chromate primer designed for fast 10 min at a 100 am per sq ft current This plating is followed by three rinses, air drying. This primer is said to afford density, the solution being at 130° F. the first in cold air-agitated water, the high corrosion resistance and to form an This results in a minimum coat of copper second in a cold high pressure spray and excellent base for the subsequent enamel about 0.0003 to 0.0004-in. thick and is third in hot air-agitated water. The latter, coat that is baked on in the same oven followed by both a spray and a dip rinse of course, warms the work and helps the and for the same time as the enamel ap­ in cold water, a short dip in dilute sul­ subsequent drying that follows immedi­ plied over plating. phuric acid and another water rinse be­ ately as the conveyor carries the work All the operations here described, as fore the racks enter the nickel plating through a hot air dryer with forced well as the solutions used, are subject tank. draft. Racks of work are returned to the to exacting control as this is essentia, For nickel plating, a Harshaw bright loading end of the chrome plating line both to provide the high quality of fin' nickel solution is used, the racks being where they are removed and the parts desired and to meet customer specifica­ oscillated vertically while they are ad­ are unracked and placed on two belt tions. By employing mechanized equip­ vanced the length of the tank in 20 min. conveyors for inspection. ment, labor per piece is minimized an The bath is operated at 130° F. Current Most parts thus plated are bright costs are kept within required limits.

TAPPING QUADRUPLE THREADS: Special bronze nut, see Inset, which has quadruple 29° Acme thread is now threaded in five steps on Universal tur­ ret lathe instead of chasing thread on lathe with sin­ gle point cutting tool. Shown here is one step m tapping sequence at West- inghouse Electric CorP‘' Pittsburgh; shank of each tap is notched to ci operator in selecting cor rect tool in series. Same method is said to eve been applied to a - double thread monel nut kwC- ' • w1 %5? &&3se&%-i v llM li " nK$s& ? 1 \ N J |

FOUR STAND TANDEM FOUR-HIGH MILL FOR THE COLD REDUCTION OF THIN SHEET STRIP AND GALVANIZING STOCK

August 19, 1946 velopment of fluorine compounds. Devel­ opments predicted include insulation for electrical voltages now not possible, and lubricating oils so stable that they will not oxidize or break down under any present engine or mechanical operation.

DOMESTIC cobalt-bearing manganese deposits processed by electrolytic methods developed by the Bureau of Mines, may become an important reserve of cobalt, it was learned in Washington recently. d t a o & H c e Valuable data on the location of dumestic manganese deposits and the cobalt con­ tent, together with descriptions of the laboratory techniques employed, were prepared in publication form by the bureau. Its study of the cobalt content DEEPER magnetic housing and use of portant point. Application is not a mat­ of die manganese ores was made in view I more copper enable a 65-in. diameter ter of ordering equipment from a catalog. of the potential importance of these de­ i lifting magnet, currently produced by Each case of shot peening is a matter of posits as an emergency reserve. Electric Controller & Mfg. Co., Cleve­ individual study. It is necessary to real­ land, to handle 25 to 35 per cent larger ize that shot peening must be correctly AUTOMOTIVE designer William B. loads than its standard magnet of exist­ applied for maximum beneficial results: Stout of Detroit, who recently revealed ing charging box and buggy design. Its Otherwise—like many valuable drugs a radical design of a prefabricated house construction permits the use of a full and medicines—taken in an overdose, for GI’s, S t e e l , July 29, 1946, p. 58, diameter coil in the coil space. the result can be harmful. Fully illus­ declares his prefab will cost from $1000 trated with drawings, charts and photo­ to $1500 less to construct than a conven­ graphic reproductions, the publication is tional house of similar size. To assemble AMONG recent labor-saving develop­ available on request ments which harness air for manipulat­ die Stout house, four steel posts are set ing heavy work are two cylinders—an air into the ground, and die assembled roof and hydraulic type—currently produced CONSIDERABLE engineering ingen­ is hoisted into position with a crane or by Anker-Holth Mfg. Co. at Port Huron, uity is necessary in these d.ys of ma­ automobile wrecking car. Because the Mich. The former is a heavy-duty mill terials shortages to keep production go­ steel supporting posts remain outside the type cylinder designed principally for ing. As one example, Westinghouse house instead of within the walls, natur steel mills and shops where heavy hand­ Electric Corp., Pittsburgh, had enameled insulation of the house is increased as ling operations take place. Made for 10 magnet wire in stock, but required double no steel is present inside to conduct heat mountings and in sizes from 3 to 20 in., cotton covered wire for a certain appli­ or cold from outdoors. About 1 ton o it contains no lie rods, utilizing keeper cation. Problem was solved by covering steel is required for construction of e ring construction. Like the air cylinder, the enameled wire with one thickness of tubular framework of a 24 x 28 ft, the hydraulic unit features the same type cotton. bedroom home, and cost of such a stiuc of construction. It has two-way action ture is estimated to run approximate, and is cushioned at no increase in overall $6000. length. Both type cylinders are designed MANUFACTURING rights on a for pressures up to 1000 psi. wax-type drawing compound, developed ALTHOUGH production of metallur­ some time ago, were sold recently by gical coke was increased substantially ur Plasteel Corp., it was reported from De­ big the past several years, this ac^je',e ALUMINUM coatings on steel are troit. The company now is concentrating ment was somewhat overshadowe generally recommended for immersion in on the production of plastic novelties. the necessity cf supplementing the sup hot fresh water, particularly hard water, ply of high-grade coking coals wit ® according to the Metallizing Engineering ferior grades containing high as 3", Co. Inc., Long Island City, N. Y. There FLUORINE is now available in steel sulphur, a publication recent y ®u is, however, considerable variation in the pressure cylinders on a limited commer­ by the Department of Interior, pom so life of coatings, depending on the nature cial basis for experimental use by manu­ To help meet future emergencies the pu of the water. Generally, the aluminum facturers and researchers, Pennsylvania lication suggests intensive exploration, stands up very well in hard water and in Salt Mfg. Co. revealed in Philadelphia search, investigation and devc cPme" most soft waters. Some soft waters, how­ recently. This is reported to be the first native coking coal resources. In rev i ever, reduce the life of aluminum coatings time the gas, most chemically active progress in the various PhJses,.^u5SeS considerably. element known, has been offered on the market by the company. Its activity is so product coke operations i , 0f great that it defied isolation for 73 years methods of determining the sutabd y APPLICATION of shot peening to after its discovery 133 years ago. Ac­ a coal for coke production, coa ,£_ modem metalworking production re­ cording to Leonard T. Beale, company and preparation at by-Pr0 uc ^ quirements is covered in a booklet pre­ president, possible uses of fluorine are plants, recent improvements m sign of coke ovens and co e ^uct ^ pared recently by Pangbom Corp., so enormous that Pennsalt officials feel Hagerstown, Md., after two years of the best scientific minds of the country study. According to the booklet, bene­ should be given every opportunity to ficial effects of shot peening should not work with the gas. Scientists foresee a 1942 and 1944 also is included » blind the prospective user to one im­ whole new field of chemistry in the de­ report.

110 UCTION CARE

The sculptor of delicate figurines is obliged

to exercise the greatest care and skill.

CHANDLER workers compare with these

highly skilled men day in and day out,

creating skillfully wrought products with

rigidly accurate machines. Our inspect­

ors, provided with the finest measuring li-:.', v ." : : . ' .' V. ■ ■ instruments, mount a constant guard on * - quality. Result: imperfections don’t have a

Sf £ ' ' chance at CHANDLER’S, headquarters of

custom-made cold wrought products.

CHANDLER PRODUCTS CORP. l491 CHARDON RD. CLEVELAND 17, OHIO SJND/SSOLVSB

HABBBNAB/UTY

Best results in heat treatment are obtained only if austenite composition is given careful consideration. If attainment of this ideal induces prohibitive costs, then use of higher alloy con­ tent steels is warranted

DEPTH cf hardening, especially in By R. J. HAFSTEN plain carbon steels, is determined by the rate at which austenite will transform to pearlite. Since hardenability may also lotion slowly and may Ire responsible depend on this rate, it is important to for shallow hardening.3 observe the sometimes hidden factors Solution of carbide and its diffusion that influence austenite decomposition. in solid solution is a time-consuming The structure that first forms at a specific austenitizing temperature, from tho cementite-ferrite aggregate, is not homogeneous but contains undissolved carbides and carbon concentration gradi­ ents in austenite, both of which may adversely affect hardenability1- - Free car­ bide and carbon concentration gradients may exist in the temperature range where austenite is the only stable phase; for­ tunately therefore they will disappear with time at temperature. Complex alloy carbides, notably vanadium, go into so- The "Production Parts Tubing // it re-forms and machines so and wherever bent and shaped tubes well, Michigan welded steel tubing is may be required. True concentricity, widely used in the fabrication of production parts such as automobile uniform I. D. and O. D. m ake it particu­ exhaust and muffler tail pipes, gas larly economical when long runs are tank filler tubes, steering jackets, involved. Prefabricated Parts or Tubing Michigan will furnish the complete consider Michigan as your source for part fabricated from welded steel tubing in the sizes listed above—com­ tubing, all re-formed and machined. If you have the equipment and capac­ mercial mill lengths or cut to special ity in your own plant to do this work, len g th s. Engineering advice and technical help in the selection of tubing best suited to your needs. STEEL TUBE p r o d u c t s c o . More Than 25 Years in the Business 9450 BUFFALO ST. • DETROIT 12, MICHIGAN

FACTORIES: DETROIT, MICHIGAN • SHELBY, OHIO

Sales Corp., Detroit, Chicago, St. Louis, M ilwaukee and M inneapolis—M iller Steel Co., Inc., Hillside, N. J.—C. L. H yland, Dayton, products Co P‘tf0v1*^aLy, ^or^ and» Oregon—Jam es J. Shannon, M ilton, M ass.—Service Steel Co., Los Angeles, Calif.—A m erican Tubular & Steoł Toronto Canad* ' —®^rong’ Carlisle & H am m ond Co., Cleveland, Ohio—C. A. Russell, Inc., Houston, Texas—Drum m ond, M cCall & Co.»

-Vsust i9( 1946 to select a steel with higher alloy content and greater initial cost rather than attempt A o'-' to produce a homogeneous austenite C j o where prohibitive costs are liable to be o o & incurred from uneconomical high harden­ ing temperatures or long periods of time at these temperatures. Nevertheless, it o becomes apparent that careful considera­ tion must be given to austenite composi­ tion if best results in heat treatment are to be obtained. No one wishes to pay < & Û the extra cost for alloy steel and not ■ derive all the benefits, yet money and al­ O I r loys are often wasted by factors that / J r - B subtract from the inherent ability of a steel to produce maximum hardenability,

Fig. 3— Structure of quenched 1.00 per cent carbon steel. Specimens were oil REFERENCES quenched from 1600° F. Micrograph A shows a nodule of fine pearlite that had >G. A. Roberts and R. F. Mehl, "The Mech­ anism and the Rate of Formation of Austenite formed around an undissolved carbide. Picral etch— Magnification 3000X. Photo­ from Ferrite-Cem entite Aggregates”, Transac­ micrograph B also shows fine pearlite nucleating at residual carbide— austenite tions, American Society for Metals, Vol. 31, interfaces. Picral etch— Magnification 1500X _ 1 9 4 3 . -O. A. Roberts and R. F. Mehl, “Effect of Inhomogeneity in Austenite on the Rate of the Austenite-rearlite Reaction in Plain Car he a This was evidenced by a shift of the havior and the work of the investigators Steels”, American Institute of Mining and Met­ allurgical Engineers, Technical Publication- No. isothermal curve, for 0.78 per cent car­ previously mentioned, there remains little 1 6 5 8 . bon steel, to the left toward shorter trans­ doubt that free carbide in austenite will ”F. B. Foley, “Shnllow Hardening, Factors Causing It", Metals Progress. April, 1930. . formation times.3 Williams proved that also nucleate pearlite. f a visible residual Ferrous Casting Repair formation after these austenites were carbide nucleating pearlite. A 1.00 per Compilation of six reports on process cooled to 1300° F, and held for 2 hours. cent carbon steel was chosen for the control and repair of ferrous c a s tin g s is After the 2 hour period at 1300° F had reason that large residual carbides could being offered by Society of Automotive elapsed, the %-in. diameter specimens be produced, making observations under Engineers. Developed by experts <>n were quenched in water. Any untrans­ the microscope more conclusive. steel, malleable iron and gray iron cast formed austenite would appear in the Fig. 3 represents specimens that had ings representing commercial foun nes, specimen as martensite and the progress been oil quenched after austenitizing motor vehicle manufacturers, consultants of the transformation of austenite to at 1600° F for 15 min. The quench, not and Army and Navy personnel, the 3 pearlite could be followed. The specimen rapid enough to produce 100 per cent page book was compiled by committees austenitized at 1400° F for 15 min had martensite, caused a small amount of cf SAE at the request of Army O rd n a n c e completely transformed to pearlite during pearlite to be present in the quenched Department. the 2 hour hold at 1300° F while other structure. It can be observed from the Subjects covered in recommende pf two specimens austenitized for longer • photomicrographs that pearlite nodules cedures for process control ¡ncIud® times were only partially transformed. have been nucleated at the residual car- detailed discussion of various me i These photomicrographs tend to reveal bide-austenite interface. When undis­ processes, molding, cleaning, heat r that the rate of austenite decomposition solved carbide is present in austenite it ing and material specifications as " e , is closely related to the condition of the will cause pearlite to nucleate generally a general outline of the pit a s austenite prior to cooling. throughout the austenite grain and not threaten the foundryman. Variousi It has been firmly established that the only at the grain boundary as it would ing repair methods such as oxyace ^ most important factor in a spheroidizing if the austenite were homogeneous.8 metal arc, plugging, peening, us anneal is the presence of sufficient un­ To obtain homogeneity of austenite sealers, brazing, soldering and rus , dissolved carbides in austenite which it is necessary to select a time-temperature also included in the discuss,ons covered cause the normal austenite-pearlite re­ relationship that will cause all carbides in the reports. , on. action to be replaced by the austenite- to go into solution and eventually diffuse Copies of the book, winch also spheroidite transformation.5 A structure into zones of low carbon content. Al­ tains tables, charts, ^photograph ^ composed of undissolved carbide and though a homogeneous austenite is an a bibliography, may be o ai ^ austenite will, on slow cooling, precipi­ ideal condition insofar as maximum hard- the Society, 29 West 39th stre ^ tate carbide on the residual carbides and denability is concerned, it may not al­ York 18. Price to members is • fof the resultant structure will be spheroidal ways be practical to obtain such an it is available to n o n m e m b e instead of pearlitic. Considering this be- austenite. Often it is more economical $3.00. . • e f t 114 ¿1

that J&L TIN m i l l p r o d u c t s h a v e

the q u a l it i e s t h a t g i v e l o n g s e r v i c e

^controlled temper and uniform g age of J&L Tin Mill Products it possible for them to go through your shaping and forming ations with best results. Their superior surface improves the ^ iveness of any product and provides excellent adhesion quers, porcelain enamel and plastic coatings as well as "graphed and painted designs.

^ ° "'PPe<^ and Electrolytic tin plate and feme plate have ^ enly distributed coatings necessary to make soldering ons go smoothly and to provide full protection for the desired service life.

j ones & Laugh Li n S teel C orporation

P it t s b u r g h s o , P ennsylvania

Aü® f |9 , 1946 Gensco offers a complete range of sizes and grades of Annealed and Tempered Spring

ROLLED STRIP $TEEL

Expertly packed for safe delivery- in Coils and Straight lengths-o Gauges and Tempers.

COLD ROLLED STRIP STEEL • COILS AND STRAIGHT LENGTHS ♦ SHEET STEEL COLD FINISHED BARS • SHAFTING • ROUND EDGE FLAT WIRE ROUND WIRES • TEMPERED AND ANNEALED SPRING STEEL SHIM STEEL • FEELER GAUGE • DRILL ROD • STEEL BALLS

GENERAL STEEL WAREHOUSE CO., INC 1830 N. Kostner Avenue, Chicago 39, Illinois • Belmont 4266 __

Minneapolis U New York 17 Cincinnati 17 Milwaukee 2 St. Louis 5 100 17th Ave., N° 441 Lexington Ave. 56 E. Mitchell Ave. 208 E. Wisconsin Ave. 9301 Bonhomme Road Cherry 4457 Vanderbilt 6-2750 P la z a 1470 Broadway 7629 Wydown 1368 One manufacfurer finds it possible to save as much as 7240 lb on one box car by using lightweight high strength steels in its car construction program

HIGH-STRENGTH STEELS GIVE RAILROADS STURDIER AND

LIGHT WEIGHT railroad cars of high a whole, had an increase of 35.1 per cent lb. A car of same size, constructed cl strength steel are being widely accepted in ratio of dead weight to lading from high strength steel and assembled largely in the railroad industry which is giving 1920 to 1935. by welding, weighed only 45,400 lb. This increased attention to attempts to reduce Adaptability and versatility of high car, designated as class X-41, had trucks non-revenue freight loads. It is the re­ strength steels are shown in variety of weighing 2650 less than class X-38 car, lationship between dead weight and lad­ equipment in which they are applied. making a total weight reduction due to ing that is the key to operating efficiency. Designers of box, automobile and re­ use of high strength steel and welding A practical demonstration of what can frigerator cars have used these steels in alone of 7240 lb. accomplished with lighter freight various combinations of spot welded, Hopper, gondola and ore cars involve equipment built of high strength steel is fusion welded and riveted constructions, problems not found in house cars, be­ shown in following facts. Comparing . which in general are intended to provide cause open top equipment is often sub­ "gures of 1935 with those of 1920, one strength equal to that of conventional ject to more corrosive conditions, abrasion rai road had a 13 per cent rise in ratio cars with a substantial reduction of dead and abusive service. Some railroads want 01 dead weight to load. In 1935, in­ weight. this type of car built of high strength stallation of light weight, high strength Many railroads are adopting high steel with maximum practical reduction S ce equipment was begun by this rail- strength steel for box car bodies because of sections to decrease weight and in­ roa . By I94()i tjle ¡nfluence 0f new cars these cars are heavy in relation to the crease capacity, at same time aiming for had made itself felt to such an extent normal loading. Over 30,000 box cars strength and service life equal to con­ dead weight ratio had dropped 19.6 of this type are in service. A conven­ ventional equipment. Other roads use Pef cent below 1935 and 9.2 per cent tional class X-38 box car, 50 ft 6 in. these steels with no reduction of section, e o\\ 1920. These facts deserve attén­ long, constructed of copper steel by to decrease maintenance costs and ua as Class I railroads, considered as Pennsylvania railroad, weighed 55,300 lengthen life of car structure, while many roads choose a compromise design, one which gives both a substantial increase in service life and a substantial decrease in weight. An indication of serviceability of high strength steel which has improved cor­ rosion resistance can be gained from ex-

Fig. 1 (above)—Welded Cor-Ten steel hopper car which was fabri­ cated with weight reduction of 6540 lb Fig. 2 (left)—Partly fabricated Cor-Ten steel car showing details of construction. Entire side section is subassembled before assembly as show'll here

August 19, 1946 th e fa c t that every rivet can be counted installation of many new high-production rivet head­ on for well-formed, on-center heads; round, ers which will substantially increase capacity. close-tulerance shanks; uniform lengths; and freedom Such investments in new machinery are typical of from scale and foreign matter that would interfere RB&W’s policy of using modern research, manufac­ with automatic feeding . . . has given RB&W its rep­ turing and quality control methods in order to de­ utation for high-quality rivets and has made RB&W liver to its customers bolts, nuts, screws, rivets and one of the world’s largest manufacturers of small allied fastening products that will save time in as­ rivets. sembly, provide an extra margin of holding power, RB&W’s program for developing its manufactur­ and will conform to the customers’ requirements for ing facilities during the next two years includes the fine appearance. ACCURATE WIRE — First step in assuring close control over dimen- ANNEALING—In gas-fired batch-type draw furnaces, RB&W rivets sions of rivets and bolts is drawing the wire. RB&W draws its are annealed to remove cold heading stresses and to assure proper own wire, and the use of tungsten carbide dies guarantees extreme­ hardness. These furnaces are accurately controlled to provide ly close tolerances. thorough and accurate heating.

CLEAN RIVETS — Tumbling RB&W rivets makes them smooth and clean and removes all foreign matter. Free from scale and dirt, these rivets feed freely in automatic machines and provide a posi­ tive metal-to-metal contact in the rivet hole.

STOCK ROOM— under normal conditions,prompt deliveries arc assured plete rant? ,P™ducts m the RB&W line — which covers a com from a large and complete inventory of all stock-production sizes. hieh iJf a *.asten*ng requirements — has been engineered ti Handling facilities are of the most modern type. S tandards of accuracy, strength and appearance.

101 YEARS*“TlWecH

Mcnts ot: p0rj £. CCQ‘* to coast. BveitHr':N’ Y>' Ccroopo,!s' Pa-' Rock Fo,,s' HI- Sales Offices at: Philadelphia, Detroit, Chicago, Chattanooga, Los Angeles, Portland, Seattle, Distributors from y ordering through your distributor, you can get prompt service for your normal needs from his stocks. Also, the industry’s most complete, easiest-to-use catalog.

19, 1946 m perienee with extremely light 50-ton and eliminates m oistur e collecting crease in unit costs. To cut expenses, it hopper ears weighing 30,500 lb built by pockets'. is desirable to decrease ratio of tare ton Pressed Steel Car Co., Pittsburgh, in Each side of the car is a main sub- miles to revenue ton miles by use of high 1935. In these cars, sides and ends were assembly, as shown in Fig. 2, the lower strength steels. Of these steels, Cor-Ten reduced from iii-iu. to ¡fii-in.; the floor, side sheeting being heavier as it receives alone has been applied to more than 62,- usually Yt-in. thick, varied from A-in. at greater wear. Heavier sheet runs from 000 freight cars that are in service on top to nVin. at bottom. None of these bolster to bolster and serves as a framing railroads throughout the entire United cars has required overhauling for replace­ member for attachment of all cross mem­ States. ment of sides or floors in 11 years of bers and floor sheets. Welded tubular Design committee of American Rail­ service on three roads. center sill allows maximum unloading way Car Institute and Committee on Cat. An example of the high strength steel area in hopper door openings, permitting Construction of the Mechanical Division car is the one built of United States Steel a one-door opening across car. Hopper of Association of American Railroads Corp. Cor-Ten steel after studies of sheet is formed by two simple cold bends have designs in preparation for freight operating records by Railroad Research and extends in one piece across the en­ cars of high strength steel. It is intended Bureau of that company’s subsidiaries. tire car. to have these designs adopted as alter­ Built for Carnegie-Ulinois Steel Corp., nate standards for box car, 50 and 70-ton Reduces Overall Expenses this car, shown in Fig. 1, utilizes stand­ hopper car, fix-end and drop-end ard sections and plates with straight trim Present outlook seems to be that oper­ gondola construction. This is an indica­ and simple cold bends for economy and ators will be increasingly interested in tion of a more general acceptance of light simplification in fabrication. Car struc­ adopting all practical means of reducing weight high strength freight cars and it ture is designed for sub-assemblies to overall expenses as competition probab­ can be expected to accelerate adoption facilitate final assembly and permit posi­ ly will be intensified in the next few years. of such equipment by roads that wish tion welding. Smooth interior surface per­ Operators are also of opinion that in­ to adhere to the standard designs of the mits free flow' of lading during unloading creased wage rates will bring about in­ AAR committee.

Second Operation Lathe for PRECISION MACHINING

NEW second operation precision lathe Elmira, N. Y. Machine incorporates dove­ mounting on welded steel pedestal ;lSl designed for high speed production at tail design on steel bed ways to protect which is said to insure original be ac close tolerances was placed in produc­ angular way surfaces from falling chips curacy even when machine is P tion recently by Hardinge Brothers Inc., and foreign matter, and three-point on an uneven flloor. Preloaded ball-bearing spindle con­ struction of headstock is ground to take 1-in. collets and 6-in. capacity step chucks; spindle nose is supplied wit either standard taper or thread nos for direct application of step c,uc closers, jaw chucks and face P * Balanced bearing spread and equa L tribution of belt pull is obtained bj center drive construction that p.aces between spindle bearings. Ball ann connected to operating lever ai s ea of operation in closing and opening lets or step cliucks instantly. Turret bead is mounted on Preloa ball bearings which are said to e *nU” all play between turret head an s index pin is set on roller bearing order to eliminate radial play Other features of machine s own elude double tool cross slide wI,1fh a full bearing on base to assure rigi - Cross slide tool posts take stanc ir square tool bits. Regular tool pos be removed and No. 00 circ ar too’s and holders applied to cross ^ Electrical equipment is built in, ing magnetic control with time a= mal overload relays and low' voltage

/T E * l 120 NOW THAT TIMKEN IS PROCESSING NEW STAMINA INTO ALLOY STEELS. . .

TIMKENTnliMik *.« IS P itM

COPYRIGHT 111« BY THE TIMKEN ROLLER BEARING CO. STEEL MP' SEAMLESS TUBES look for extra values in heavy equipment PEEKING INSIDE A BAR OF STEEL. It is known now that grain size in u (en jerks, impacts and shocks Ability of Timken metallurgists alloy steel affects many of its physi­ unavoidable in the operation of and Timken operating men to meet cal characteristics. And that differ­ struction machines and heavy specified forging requirements more ent heats of steel having the same chemical analysis may have very calif2? hancll‘nS equipment. Be- closely has led to consistent use of different grain sizes. and I ^ Sted gearS’ Shafts’ Pins Timken Alloy Steels in earth and Metallurgists of The Timken lta* parts sometimes must material moving machines. And Company were among the first to in most other kinds of equipment prove these facts. They developed mostnfik ur>expected stresses, a method of "soaking” carbon into too, where unusual stresses are con­ Processes f° rmed by forSinS the grain of alloy steel so that the centrated in vital parts. boundaries of the grains could be New developments have been seen and photographed. They de­

Au^ i 19, 1946 By ROBERT MAWSON Providence, R. I.

Fig. 1— Bracket D showing pin E on which handle fits to be milled. Hole above pin is [or hook bolt J which holds handle in position Fig- 2— Assembled fixture. Dolled lines show position of handle to be milled Fig. 3— Side View of base and subplate with bracket D and stud C in position. Hole in subbase is for handle Fig. 4— Horizontal and veitical views of forged steel handle described here

122 / t e e i From Airport To Town By Monorail

Getting to and from the airport often takes as long as the time spent in the air on short inter-city hops. Illustrated above is a plan to eliminate this time loss by fast monorail train. You will see new transportation developments new products—in the days that lie just ahead. In many of these, aluminum and magnesium—fabricated by Bohn will play an important part because of the great advantages these alloys possess, combining as they do, lightness with great strength, along with many other superiorities. Bohn engi­ neers would like to discuss the merits of these light alloys with you as related to the products you make or intend to make.

BOHN ALUMINUM AND BRASS CORPORATION GENERAL OFFICES— LAFAYETTE BUILDING— DETROIT 26, MICHIGAN

Designm and Fabricators —MUM INUM • M A G N ES IU M • BRASS • AIRCRAFT-TYPE BEARINGS

.

August 19,1946 PROBLEM of which die steel to select u real advantage as witnessed by the fact straight carbon steels. A fine grain which for a job which might involve stamping, that d.es fur c Id or warm shearing in adds to shock resistance is attained with blanking, drawing, coining or a variety sterl mills are. often made of a carbon a vanadium content. Depth of hardening of press and hammer operations in most steel. The surface is hard, withstanding can be increased by raising hardening cases means a labor cost far in excess the severe wearing action of the metal temperature. Steels of this type are valu­ of the cost of the tool steel from which being cut, while the core is tough enough able for such applications as cold heading the die is made. Consequently, the steel to stand the shock of the process. Dies dies. that best fits the job is used, the cost mat­ for wire and bar drawing also utilize this It can be seen from the foregoing facts tering but little when compared with the type of steel, the hole being quenched I hat water-hardening tool steels are not i'ther considerations which govern its se­ and surrounded by a tough ring. When suitable for dies with deep, intricate im­ lection. deeper hardening steels (which harden pressions, or dies which must Imj hardened Tool steels are usually purchased in the all the way through) are used for dies, a all the way through, or those that must soft, annealed state for easy fabrication. heavy backing ring has to be shrunk tight have long wearing qualities. Altlwugh some of these disadvantages are over­ come by martempering, flame or induc­ tion hardening, use of welded composite By DR. G. M. BUTLER Associate Director o I R esearch sections, etc., use of carbon steels for dies Allegheny Ludlum Steel Corp. is definitely limited. Dunkirk, N. Y. Use of alloy tool steels which can be hardened by- less drastic methods than water or brine quenching brings about re­ duced warpage and distortion and less danger of cracking. Increase in wear re­ sistance, toughness and depth of harden­ ing pays for added cost of alloy elements. T. Oil-Hardening Steels The great majority of die applications can he satisfactorily filled with the second group of steels, those utilizing oil-harden­ ing. Of the many related types of steels FOR COLD WORKING METALS which fall in this classification, only high- carbon high-chromium and two types of manganese oil-hardering steels will h- covered. The popular manganese steels are of Peculiar characteristics of tool steels of water, air two types, differing mainly in manga­ and oil hardening types make each one suited nese content. One type contains 1 P11 cent manganese, along with chromium for a particular type of die for cold working* and tungsten, while the other contai. s 1 Vi per cent manganese and molybdenum. Manganese content tool steels are easy When completely worked, they are then around them, as in the case of hammers to machine and grind, safely harden«, hardened by heat treatment to give them and punches. at low temperatures in oil, with litte strength and hardness required when Other advantages of carbon steels are danger of cracking and with low distor forming other metals. ease of machining and grinding, low hard­ tion. This steel has moderately deep >rc For the purpose of this article, these ening temperature, controlled depth of e.ing qualities, good wear resistance an steels will be divided into three groups, hardening, reasonably good wear resist­ has the ability to hold a keen cu!tn>r according to the quenching medium used ance, versatility of application, wide range edge. Some of its applications are lor in their hardening. Classified according of carbon contents and qualities and low gages, drawing and forming dies, p as to water, oil and air-hardenirg steels, cost. ’ molding dies, master form tools an tap5 their properties have a direct relationship These steels also have their disad­ Having little of the elements wluca to the manner of hardening. The steels to vantages. For example, the shallow hard­ make hard, wear-resistant carbides, man­ be discussed and their grouping according ening feature may mean dies with soft ganese oil-hardening steels do n0tr‘'t!“ to quenching method are shown in spots may crumble and be pushed down wear-resistance in excesss of that of the both are Table I. into the core of the die, due to insuffi­ carbon steels. After tempering; All of these various types of steel arc cient case thickness to sustain the lead. in the same hardness range. Fir a made by several makers of tool steels in Grinding room redressing may remove life die steel to be used under severe cv the United States. Variations between the hard surface and there is always the ditior.s, 2 per cent carbon—12 per them are minor—not enough to justify risk of cracking and warping of dies. Wear chromium oil-hardening is very sa separate classification. resistance for long runs is often insuffi­ tory. Being a mass of hard chromium c Of the water-hardening steels, the most cient. bides, it is exceptionally resistant to a familiar is straight carbon steel, the oldest Use of carbon-vanadium modification sion, at the same time having 8?* of the tool steels. No tool steel, no matter of straight carbon steel means a more fool­ sistance to compressive force. I t lS how highly alloyed, gets harder after proof hardening—the steel wall withstand hardening and deforms but litt 111 , i.uenching than this steel. Regardless of more overheating and it is essentially treatment. Its longevity has been P the quench, carbon steel cannot be made shallow-hardening, more so than many in such applications as long-run • hard throughout when the diameter is dies, dies for deep-drawing, s t < ver % to 1 in. 'This article is from a speech given before a ters and forming rolls. , jts recent meeting of Pittsburgh chapter of Ameri­ In spite of its virtues, this steel has. The hard surface and soft core can be can Society of Tool Engineers. /TEE«- 124 SPOUTS

For your files — the detailed Superior Stainless Brochure! THEY HOLD THE EDGE because they are tempered and ground for your particular needs Wapakoneta Shear Blades are made and heat treated, not to meet some universal standard of our own, but to best fill each customer's requirements... That is why Wapakoneta Shear Blades stand up longer on the job and cut more tonnage.

1 2 6 /TE el disadvantages. Its machinability is poor to macliine, since it will not anneal very warpage and with little fear of cracking. and grinding it in its hardened state is soft. It is not generally available. Dies made of either of these high- extremely difficult. Heat treating temper­ One application of this steel is for carbon high-chromium steels are ma­ atures are fairly high; it has relatively ground toolmakers’ flats. Usually made chined in the soft state, when hardened low resistance to shock or bending and is of water-hardening steel and hardened in and finished to size by grinding, filing quite expensive. oil in thin sections, this means of fabrica­ being avoided. Lack of toughness often The third and last group of die steels is tion caused considerable distortion, re­ leads users to hack them up with heavy the air-hardening class—a newcomer to quiring straightening or grinding. Tem­ steel or cast iron blocks. the field. These steels grew out of a de­ plates, gages and similar parts made oi The recent progress in bright-hardening mand for steels which deformed in hard­ air hardening steel can be hardened by has made the use of air-hardening steels ening still less than the oil-hardening cooling in air from the same temperature more attractive. The latest furnaces per­ types. Many dies or accurate gages as used for carbon steels, showing neglig­ mit heating and cooling of dies in an inert changed dimensionally in heat treating, ible warping or dimensional change. atmosphere which causes pieces to come necessitating expensive grinding or lap­ A steel which shows a combination of out as bright as they went in. ping or even complete rejection. Other easy, safe hardening, good wear resistance To clarify a few of the important char­ dies were too susceptible to quenching and unusual toughness is the second of acteristics of these steels, they are ar­ cracks, even in oil quenching. the air-hardening steels, the 5 per cent ranged in Tables II to V to show their Three air hardening steels with a com­ chromium—1 per cent molybdenum type. relative behavior. Carbon steels head the mon virtue—almost negligible dimen­ In spite of its liigher hardening tempera­ list in tendency to distort while man- sional change in hardening—were devel­ ture, it is increasing in popularity for ganese-chromium-molybdenum air hard­ oped. Their use enabled the die-maker use for blanking, forming and trimming ening steel distort the least. It also can be to leave little or no allowance for grind­ dies wljich are usually made of high-car­ seen in Table II that oil-hardening high- ing after hardening. All will harden bon high-chromium types of steel. Its carbon high-chromium steel will distort throughout in sections commonly used in lower cost, easier machining and grinding less than the 5 per cent chromium type of die design. are factors which are influencing this air-hardening steel. The first air-hardening type, manga- change. In regard to wear resistance, Table III, nese-chromium-molybdenum, hardens in A high-carbon high-chromium steel oil-hardening high-carbon high-chromium he lowest temperature range and is the containing molybdenum to encourage steel is the best. The slightly higher deforming of all die steels. Its alloy hardening in air is the third air-hardening chromium content of the 5 per cent chro­ content, high enough for a good degree steel. It has a somewhat lower carbon mium steel gives it a wear resistance edge wear resistance, makes it rather hard content than its oil-hardening counter­ over the manganese-chromium-molybde- part. Safety in heat treatment is the fac­ r.um type. Toughness, Table IV, is in­ tor that accounts for its widespread use fluenced by the size of the piece. Since T A B L E X The die maker, in making a lamina­ they have a hard surface and a tough core, DEliN DIE STEELS FOR COLD WORK tion die, or any other intricate blanking carbon and carbon-vanadium steels head Baler Ha-deninc: die, may choose to make it in one piece this list, although if hardened all the Straight Carbon Carbon Vanadium or in sections. A one-piece die is best way through, would be nearer other end. Oil Hardening: made of an air-hardening type steel. The Ease of machining, Table V, is an im­ Manganese Oil Hardening number of pieces which this one-piece portant item when intricate patterns have 1% Manganese Type 1%% Manganese Type die will produce between sharpening will to be made, or when dies of the same „ « “-Carbon High-Chromium be slightly less than from an oil-hardening kind are being turned out. There is little Vo Carbon) type steel die containing more chrome difference in this characteristic between •Mr Hardening: carbides. Another factor to consider is die first two (carbon and carbon-vana­ M aneancse-Cbrominm-M olybdenum Chromium-1% M olybdenum that the manufacturing cost of the die will dium and manganese oil-hardening) but other four are tougher to machine. a i Ccib"n flgh-Chromium be less and it can be hardened with less

T A B L E I I T A B L E I V RDER OF DISTOBTION TENDENCIES OF DIE STEELS RELATIVE TOUGHNESS OF DIE STEELS

D e c r e a s in g D e c r e a s in g D is to r tio n T o u g h n e s s Straight Carbon * y Carbon-Vanadium Carbon Vanadium Straight Carbon Manganese Oil-Hardening 5% Chromium-1% Molybdenum . * 5% Chromium-1% M o ly b d e n u m Manganese-Chromium-Molybdenum Air-Hardening il-Hardening High-Carbon High-Chromium Manganese Oil-Hardening Air-Hardening High-Carbon High-Chromium Air-Hardening High-Carbon High-Chromium ^ Manganese-Chromium-Molybdenum Air-Hardening Oil-Hardening High-Carbon High-Chromium ^creasing A Distortion I n c r e a s in g T o u g h n e s s

TABLE m T A B L E V iPAHATIVE WEAR RESISTANCE OF DIE STEELS RELATIVE EASE OF MACHINING OF DIE STEELS

D e c r e a s in g More Difficult R e s ;s ta n c e to M achine Mr ^Air-H ^,lgh"Carb?n High-Chromium ^ Carbon and Carbon-Vanadium High-Carbon High-Chiomium Manganese Oil-Hardening Chromium-1 % Molybdenum 5% Chromium-1% Molybdenum Manganese-Chromium-Molybdenum, Air-Hardening Manganese-Chromium-Molybdenum Air-Hardening Manganese Oil-Hardening Air-Hardening High-Carbon High-Chromium Carbon and Carbon - Vanadium Oil-Hardening High-Carbon High-Chromium Incre;-asing A Rcsisfcm, E a s ie r to M a c h in e

August 19, 1946 1 2 7 Lime Ferritic Electrodes of dissolved gas, probably hydrogen, the high may lead to excessive dilution of enamel would spall and chip over the the weld deposit by the base metal. In (Continued from Page 97) welded area. In some instances enamel- the case of high carbon and alloy ma­ caused by an unbalancing of the slag and ers were forced to give up welded fab­ terials, such dilution may have a detri­ weld metal due to high sulphur. Mech­ rication because of excessive work spoil­ mental effect on ductility values. Experi­ anism of “red shortness” is explained as age. Lime-ferritic weld metal demon­ ence shows that the current ranges given follows: strated an excellent response to enamel­ in Table I produce the best physical Iron sulphide forms films or cell walls ing which will increase the use of weld­ properties combined with the most sound around the grains of the metal. The ing in this field. welds. sulphide fuses at red heat, each grain Of course there are many electrode Lime-ferritie electrodes should be used becoming surrounded by liquid iron types suitable for welding cast iron. Be­ with direct current, reverse polarity for sulphide which interrupts the solid con­ cause of tlie excellent record established the best results. Some applications, tinuity of the steel. Such discontinuous by lime-ferritic weld deposits on high however, have been made with alternat­ metal, when subjected to the cooling carbon steels, it was only natural that ing current where the results were quite stresses normally encountered by freez­ these electrodes be tried on cast iron. acceptable. ing weld metal, is hot short and cracks. Successful results achieved proved this. Although lime-ferritic electrodes are Fortunately the lime-ferritic coating primarily designed for welding in flat purifies the sulphur contaminated weld Lime-Ferritic Electrode Properties and horizontal positions, the 5/32-in. metal and prevents hot shortness. At this point it seems desirable to and smaller diameters are applied in the Steel founders are making use of all present the properties of lime-ferritic vertical and overhead positions. Be­ modem metallurgical and inspection tools electrodes. The heavy coating used on cause of the heavy coating which results to provide carbon and alloy steel cast­ them is of a lime stainless steel variety in a thick slag, special welding tech­ ings of excellent soundness and well bal­ in which the principal ingredients are niques are necessary for out-of-position anced mechanical properties. Heat treat­ calcium carbonate and calcium fluoride, welding. Required techniques are taught ments are devised to produce high ten­ together with the customary slag form­ to average welders in a rather short sile strengths with good ductilities. X- ing and deoxidizing chemicals. Coating period of time, and the finished out-of­ ray inspection was adopted to improve materials are held together and bound position welds exhibit a smooth uniform casting practices and to prove the sound­ to the core wire with the usual alkaline ripple with a flat to slightly convex con­ ness of weld deposits. Use of lime-fer- silicates. Containing no organic mate­ tour. ritic welding electrodes is increasing be­ rials, tho coating would be classified as Flat position welding in grooves leads cause they produce a more gas-free de­ an all mineral type. to bead shapes that vary from a flat or posit for the repair and fabrication of Usable current ranges deserve partic­ even slightly concave contour to a defi­ castings. In castings for railroad service ular attention. The new electrodes are nitely convex contour for cover beads or where quality demands are severe, al­ characterized by an extremely stable arc. overlay beads. Welding techniques and loyed types of lime-ferritic weld metal Unfortunately, this unusually good arc the amount of current employed combine match the physical properties of heat stability sometimes leads welders to to influence the shape of the bead. The treated castings and equal the sound choose a welding current that is too low. same factors are at work when horizontal metal of the casting itself when sub­ At very low currents, weld deposits are fillet welds are made, the finished welds jected to x-ray inspection. likely to contain trapped gas which being flat to very slightly convex. Welded fabrication prior to enamel­ shows up in the final exographs. On the Arc action is quite smooth and steady. ing was not always successful. Because other hand, current values that are too Penetration would be considered rather shallow and this point further favors the welding of the “difficult-to-weld mate­ rials. The soft arc is characteristic of the stainless steel type of coating. HYDRAULICALLY POWERED: On this industrial truck, flywheel of gaso­ Slag blankets the weld deposit com­ line engine directly drives hydraulic pump whose output goes into a pletely and may be removed quite easily- valve bank from which operator directs power for propulsion, lifting, tilt­ In either groove or fillet welds, custom­ ing, and steering by ary hand chipping tools remove slag wit means of push-pull cylin­ very little work comparing quite favor­ der. Manufactured by ably in this regard with E6020 electro e Howell Industrial Truck Co., Cleveland, truck has slags. equal speeds forward and An outstanding quality of the new elec reverse, and needs no trode deposits is the almost compete seperate or conventional freedom from spatter. In Table II are brakes since it is stopped shown average spatter loss values f°r ® as well as started by hy­ several mild steel electrode types, draulic power a better visualization of spatter osses, this data is presented in Fig. 1- Here ' is seen that HTS spatter losses run ro % to % of those encountered with an> the other E60XX grades. Fig. 2 shows the difference in -P3*1. between an E6010 electrode on tie and HTS on the right. Having completed a general des P* tion of these electrodes covering operational and general application acteristics, a review of the p yS!C ’

/TEE»- 1 2 8 SQUARE D D.C. Motor Control

Generous wiring space and accessible terminals for fast installation. Simplicity of construction for easy inspection and maintenance. Appearance that reflects sound engineering and functional design. These are the things which this D.C. motor control offers—in addition to consistently outstanding performance. classification but suggest the establish­ ment of a new grade. In order that a ready comparison may be made among the deposition characteristics and physical properties of the new electrodes with grades E6010 and E6020, complete data ‘arc reported in Table V. ROCKET LAUNCHER: It is seen that the deposition factors This close-up of launching vary because each electrode was used at platform and 46-ft V-2 Ger­ a current which progressively increases man rocket without war from E6010 to type HTS to E6020. If head was taken at Army the deposition rate in ounces per hour is Ordnance proving ground, considered on the basis of ounces per White Sands, N. M. Rocket hour per 100 amp of current, the re­ is elevated into firing posi­ spective values become 33.0, 34.6 and tion by self-contained mo­ 31.6. The differences in voltage are tor-driven hydraulic lifting quite pronounced and confirm the re­ device which the Germans commendation for holding a short arc called “Meiller Wagon”, with the lime-ferritic electrodes. The shown in left foreground. heaviest coating of any electrode in the Rocket research at White group will be found on the IITS elec­ Sands is being carried on trodes, yet the deposition efficiency is by scientific personnel from better than that of the E6020 grade. General Electric Co., along This difference becomes apparent when with Ordnance department spatter losses are taken into considera­ rocket specialists tion. Chemical Analysis of Weld Metal Table VI shows the chemical analysis of weld metal deposited by the new elec­ trode. Chips were taken from a five layer pad in the usual manner. It is seen that the deposit is essentially low carbon with normal amounts of phosphorus and sulphur, while the manganese and sili­ con contents may provide a partial ex­ planation of the strength of the deposits. Perfect x-ray sound welds may be made with these electrodes. Techniques at the change of electrodes are exceed­ ingly important if porosity in the weld deposit is to be avoided. The arc should be struck within an inch of the preced­ ing crater and moved backward to the center of that crater. If done correctly the welder picks up and maintains a molten pool that completely melts an) unfused or porous metal at the P°*n* position, chemical and x-ray qualities In Table IV, the effect of stress re­ where the arc was started. This Pr0CC will be undertaken next. Notwithstand­ lieving is shown with the customary dure is designed to eliminate porosit) ing the fact that lime-ferritic electrodes lowering of tensile properties and rais­ at the beginning of the bead deposite do not fall into any specific AWS-ASTM ing of ductility indices being found. from a new electrode. Best x-ray e" electrode classification, they would most Although no proper classification of posits are obtained when the short« likely qualify in the E60XX group. lime-ferritic electrodes under the AWS- possible arc is maintained and when t e Physical properties certainly meet the re­ ASTM system was attempted, the qual­ current is near the upper end of t e a quirements of E6020 as may be seen in ity of the deposited weld metal, both lowable range. In fact position an Table III where all of the as welded physical properties and x-rays, compare horizontal fillet welding procedures properties are reported. Almost with­ quite favorably with, the E6020 grade. this nature are easily established. out exception, the values shown for the Moreover, the all-mineral composition of as welded conditions meet the specifica­ the coating and the heavy slag formed Rod Selector Chart tion minimums for stress-relieved speci­ during welding would also tend to favor mens produced with E6020 electrodes a classification close to E6020. The all­ Bonding and remelting temperature i which have been the highest quality position attributes of the small diam­ given for each of the comparys " L' type in the E60XX group. The unusual eters, even considering the special tech­ alloys in the rod selector chart ductility values of lime-ferritic deposits niques required, appear to bring these distributed by Eutectic Welding „ as demonstrated by elongation and re­ electrodes somewhat in line with E6010 Corp., 40 Worth street, New York' B duction of area values unquestionably requirements. In the last analysis, how­ hardness and strength in Poun s contribute to the crack-free welds made ever, lime-ferritic electrodes are a dis­ square inch of these low tcn'1^ tua] on steels with limited inherent weld- tinctly different type.! They do not alloys also are given, along 'W ability. properly belong in any established grade welding information. / T E G-l 130 3¡¡¡3gy¡Bg*

ngie bridge, h a n d -p ro p elled g a n ­ tries w ith electric h o ists o p era tin g under heavy overhead crane in a m a­ chine tool p la n t. G antry C ranes BOOST PRODUCTION

I T is not unusual for skilled workers to wait 5 or 10 minutes and more in many shops for crane service. By providing a sufficient number of gantry cranes, much or all of this lost time can be eliminated and production aided. Efficiency usually can be greatly improved by providing one large overhead crane for each shop bay — for the heavy lifting and transportation from one end of bay to the other — and a number of gantries to work under it, to do the light local or spot handling. iantrv r> ’ completely motorized floorTài7 =e°wUSe éaniries ride on a Several Cleveland Tramrail gantries generally can be pur­ often è u T - WaU raiI’ their use chased for the price of a large overhead crane and are available overhead craned **** ° * ^ Span for manual or electric operation.

GET THIS BOOK! BO O KLET No. 2008" Packed with toréwa® TM sem M s m valuable inform ation. Profusely illustrated. W rite for free copy. Yftï. C\.Ï.VÏ.\.\>U> & Ï.NGlHï.t.'RAUQ CO.

1 1 2 5 E a s t S t . V I k í k u t t í . O t t i o .

CYEVTEiliNN® ® T K X m M L OVERHEAD MATERIALS HANDLING EQUIPMENT S» mg, bai and billet mill will replace two existing bloomers and a combination 28-in., 3-stand rail mill. A new seamless tube mill will be installed at the U. S. Steel subsidiary company plant. By-prociuct Coke Ovens: Coal handling facilities in- including mixers and pulverizers are being enlarged. Pres­ ent coal storage is to be extended 600 ft which will permit an increase of 60 per cent in the storage capacity. Incoming coal will be delivered by diesel locomotive to a rotary unloader which empties the cars into a hopper bin. From here the fuel goes either to stock pile or to the crusher. A 48-in. conveyor belt conveys the coal to Bradford breakers for pulverizing to a uniform size. From 75 to 80 per cent will pass through a %-in. mesh screen. The present pulverizing plant will be revamped, modernized and increased in size to handle the increased capacity EXPANSION at the plant of United States Steel’s Na- necessary for the new coking requirements. tional Tube Co., Lorain, O ., is on a much larger scale Works of National Tube Co. at Lorain, Coal from the crusher and pulverizing plant is conveyed than is generally realized. While a guest at the plant re­ to the top of the mixer building where the storage capa­ O., is being augmented by the in­ cently I had the privilege of visiting the project offices city has been doubled. Here mixing methods will be stallation of new by-product coke 'v ere the various improvements and enlargements are in modernized. For instance, Syntron feeders and weighto- ovens, bessemer plant, soaking pits, ue print form and where specifications for equipment meters are to be installed for controlling the coal mixing by are eing written. Busy draftsmen are bending over their weight from the four 500-ton bins. Two new belt con­ blooming, bar, seamless and butt- hoards, civil engineers are out on the jobs with their veyors are being placed to enable coal to be fed into the weld rolling facilities and warehouse. transits and rodsmen, contractors have set up their field existing coal bins and also into a new 4000-ton coal bin Construction is proceeding without o ices in various parts of the plant with the names of which will serve the new ovens. These bins are located interfering with present operations their companies prominently displayed, bulldozers are over the ovens and feed through automatic motor-driven moving tons and tons of earth, concrete pads and founda- gates into the larry cars which charge the fuel into the ns are being poured literally by the tons and structural ovens. vomvor -ers are starting their jobs where progress permits, The three batteries of 59 ovens each are of the Wilputte the entire Lorain Works of National Tube comprises type, jet underfired and designed to bum blast furnace gas. out 1410 acres on which are now located 208 by-product Passage from the old to the new batteries will be by way ° e o\ens, five blast furnaces, 12 open hearths, two bes- of a pedestrian tunnel which will have several outlets to cmers, and various rolling mills including three bloomers, the yard. Beneath the ovens will be an air circulating m an bar mill and two skelp, five buttweld and three system to provide greater comfort for the employees. A am ess tube mills. At present 177 Wilputte jet under- tunnel will run the full length of the batteries along one v-6 i°Vens. are under construction and a modern pipe side. Primary air is pulled into this tunnel and is then « ?USe. ’s ^king shape. Three modern bessemer vessels drawn across underneath the ovens to the opposite side >i e the place of the two now in service, a new bloom- where it passes through louvers, into the burners and thence

Fig. 1— Foundation work for new by-product coke ovens, looking east

Fig. 2— General view of coke oven construction work. Framework in background ts temporary building to pro­ tect masonry; it later will be completely dismantled

Fig. 3— Framework of build­ ing which is to house new coke testing laboratory

August 19 1946 yf EEL weighing approximately 22,890 lb. The 38-in. bar mill is of the reversing type and is designed to roll rounds 7-in. PLENTY OF NOTHING: diameter and larger. A hot scarfing ma­ Designed to create vacu­ chine is to be located after the bar mill ums in quantity and per­ for surface preparation of the steel when fection never before necessary. needed, this oil diffusion The 32/26-in. continuous billet mill pump built by Westing- comprises three stands each of 32-in. house Electric Corp., vertical rolls and 26-in. horizontal rolls. Pittsburgh, hurls mole­ A parting saw is located just ahead of the cules of heated oil mov­ mill for cutting semifin-'shed material to ing at approximately the the proper size for converting to small speed of sound to drive rounds. away molecules of air A feature of this mill is that it will from container to be operate without tw ist| guides. Another evacuated. It is predic­ feature is to be found at the finishing end. ted that the pump, espe­ Here the rounds are cut nto double cially developed for use length blanks for the seamless tube mill, in the electromagnetic centered at both ends and then sawed separation of uranium, in two pieces. Thus it is apparent a cen­ may become valuable in tering operation is eliminated by this ar­ vacuum casting of metals rangement compared to conventional methods. Flexibility also has been woven into the layout. If for any reason this mill is down, the semifinished steel from the bloomer can be by-passed and finished off on the 4-stand 20-in. mill just beyond to the stack of the ovens. electrically-operated transfer car. Blown and to one side. Coke from the ovens is pushed into a metal is poured into a laddie positioned quench car which conveys it to the at ground level and is transferred to the The mill will roll tube rounds, 8 in. quenching station. Following the pouring building by a diesel locomotive. and under, and billets and slabs which quenching operation the car returns to Here it is poured into molds and later later will be converted to skelp for e the coke wharf and dumps its load. From charged as ingots in the new soaking buttweld mills. the wharf the coke will be fed onto a pits. The 20-in. mill is built with two stands 48-in. conveyor to a cross conveyor and Soaking Pits: Eight 3-hole blocks of of vertical rolls and two stands of hori­ thence on to a 60-in. conveyor which soaking pits will be housed in a building zontal rolls for the production of 3-m. discharges into the new sizing and screen­ 100 x 450 ft. These will be heated either rounds and bars as well as billets down 0 ing station. Here the coke is screened by mixed gas, or straight coke oven gas. 2% x 2%-in. in 30 ft lengths for outside into furnace, domestic, pea, breeze and Their rated capacity will be 160,000 net shipment. Finishing ends of the new mil , dust grades. The furnace and domestic tons per month. The pits are built at are so located that materials can be taken sizes are loaded in cars for tire blast fur­ right angles to the end of the new away quickly either on skids, pilin*.rac naces; breeze, pea and dust are used as blooming mill building to provide for or railroad cars for outside shipment mixture in the boiler house. The dust future expansion and are so arranged that on standard gage cars for interm re­ also is used for making soaking pit bot­ heated ingots can be delivered to the quirements. Wherever possible, m i toms. new 46-in. blooming mill as well as the dual drives on roll stands have een Facilities also are provided for loading existing No. 3 38-in. blooming mill. ployed. Scale from the roll stands trucks. Then, too, benzol and by-product Existing rolling facilities include No. 1 handled by a sluice system. All crops and cooling water facilities are being ex­ blooming mill installed in 1895, No. 2 handled by skip cars. I . ..i No. 4 Seamless Mill: This ini ' " 1 panded accordingly. blooming mill installed in 1898, No. 3 Operating in conjunction with the new bloqming mill installed in 1917, a 32-in. have an annual capacity of 260,000g tons. It will use two sizes of bill ■ coke ovens will be a modem coal and bar mill installed in 1928, and a 28-in. coke testing oven in a new laboratory. rail mill installed in 1894. namely 4% and 5%-in. for the pro ^ of 2-in. OD standard pipe, up to •• • Bessemer Improvements: Present bes- A complete new rolling mill unit will semer steel capacity at the Lorain plant be installed including a 46-in. blooming OD, boiler tubes, and for the pr totals 594,000 net tons annually, this be­ mill, a 38-in. bar mill, a 32/26-in. billet tion of upset tubes. . Buttweld Mills: Present equipme ing supplied by two 12-ton vessels. These mill and a 20-in. bar mill. Existing roll­ will continue to operate until the new ing facilities will not be disturbed by the eludes five mills Nos. 2, 4 6, a^ ^ bessemer plant is completed. This will new construction, but once the new the production of buttvveld P‘Pe ' , ^ in. diameters. Approximate}' » include three active and one spare 25- equipment is in operation, then Nos. 1 output is galvanized. These ^ ton vessels which will provide 1,350,000 and 2 bloomers and the rail mill will be net tons of bessemer metal a year. abandoned. No. 3 bloomer and the 32- being revamped. No. ml ’ jpped The new plant will be located 1300 in. bar mill, now scheduled on various single length unit, is to e with a double length furnace. ^ ft west of the old bessemer building. Each size tube rounds, will be free to concen­ vessel will be of the ec£entric type, bot­ trate on the production of tube rounds length buttweld mill !nove(1 , e* other plant is to be augmented b tom blown by individual turboblowers. over 8-in. diameter once the new plant is Each steam-driven unit will deliver 40,- in service. furnaces and finishing W II1’!I‘ , at jfo. 000 cfm at 40 psi. Hot metal from two The new 46-in. blooming mill will be necessary to extend the co ¿e 5 skelp mill in order to take careO new 800-ton cylindrical-type mixers will powered with a twin drive and will be ( Please turn to P°Se be delivered to the vessels by a 35-ton able to convert 32% x 32-in. ingots /TEEt 1 3 4 UNDIVIDED RESPONSIBILITY

IN ONE ORGANIZATION

'

i p i i

A new world’s blast FURNACE RECORD blast furnace at t BLAST

fhomson worss » ego tons. i nc r „„„re action for the which has a furnac | - * | H E photograph reproduced above shows the No. 1 le ld b y Great Lakes The new rccor is . U and No. 2 blast furnaces at the Edgar Thomson :ed 49,705 "v T th o u t scrap ^ “ ¿furnace cause it was made monthly record, tn m Works of Carnegie-Illinois Steel Corporation. These fur­

naces were designed and constructed during the war by

■’hen the output tota^e T he monthly Pr0 Arthur G. McKee & Company. The record referred to in rated capacity of the urn . ^ {urnace. :t over the rated capacity the clipping was made by the No. 2 furnace shown at left. r e p r in t e d p r o w i r o n a g e , A U G . .

L1

With the cutter turning, work head rithmic scale projected on hypotenuse A ir Valve spindle spiral-feeds piece upward into of a 45 degree triangle. Film calibration An automatic air valve built to speed cutter. Upon completion of the cut, milling curve, with length of over 24 in., is up air cylinder travel per minute is a head moves back to idle position, and drawn on graph paper, using log scales. product of Bryant Products Co., Jack­ workhead lowers while the spindle re­ Calibration curve is used to determine son, Mi'-h. Valve lets air into cylinder verses. intensity ratios, and these are plotted to Steel 8/19/46; Item No. 9479 give ‘ analytical working curves. Vertical projections of these curves are made Qrum Type Calculator directly with pencil or pen on sliding strips for the drum. Seales for accelerated calculation of Steel 8/19/46; Item No. 9496 spectrographic analysis are prepared and used on Dunn Lowry drum calculator manufactured by Harry W. Dietert Co., Marking Machine 9330 Roselawn avenue, Detroit 4, and Model E P-l bench marking machine, Applied Research Laboratories, 4336 San a hand operated machine which can be and, when operated, it automatically Fernando road, Glendale 4, Calif. Cal­ easily tooled for murkirg pieces of varied opens a port at cylinder for exhaust. culator as shown consists of a board for sizes and shapes, is latest development Valve speeds up cylinders from 50 to of Edward Pryor & Son Ltd., Sheffield, 200 per cert depending on bow far England, represented by Wm. A. Force operating valve is from cylinder. & Co., 216 Nichols avenue, Brooklyn 8, Steel 8/19/46; Item No. 9576 N. Y. A hand lever embodied on the ma­ chine draws carriage to which marking Thread Milling Machine S x self-contained, independent work stations are mounted on a circular bed with variable rotary feed in the rotary thread milling machine designed by Cross Co., Detroit 7. Feed is timed so each station automatically completes milling plotting curves, and a large rotary drum on one piece of work during one revolu­ which carries analytical scales. tion of bed past operator’s station. Func­ Relative intensity is determined or tion of operator is to unload and reload measured by means of a movable hori­ pieces as stations pass him and then push zontal logarithmic scale at the bottom. button to repeat automatic cycle. The 2 cycle scale, J.2 in. per cycle, is In this cycle, motor-driven milling 24 in. long. Usual vertical scale for plot­ head approaches cutting position quickly. ting the per cent transmission is a loga­

die is attached along a round slide bar. Both flat and cylindrical work can be marked on either top of a small ange plate, or directly on machine base p a e' Length of inscription made by mac me depends on depth of impression required, kind of material and size of characters. Generally, 2 in. on steel and 3 • brass are outside limits. Steel 8/19/46; Item No. 9515

Transfer Valve A manually or automatically operat 125-lb single vane, control valve is u to transfer chemicals, oil, water an o materials from one line to an Manufactured by R-S Products Wayne Junction, Philadelphia 4 , offered for a wide range m P«■ together with operation at su and elevated temperatures. Valve is equipped with adjust^ stop screws and indicator to e ¡s vane position. Body of the '•

(All claims are those of respective manufacturers; for additional information fill in and return the coupon on page 140.) /TEEt . Ttvo great strides in steelmaking ate L^fntecd mote machinable Steel, and " H ” S to ll, alloy steels of guaranteed

''“suite'.Ttoted Steel, originated and developed ; metallurgists, has proven ¡.self to be far more ' , ordinary steel even after being hardened by eat r „ ,jca_ its physical properties are entirely satisfactory, n x y tlon where machinability counts, increased producer ered costs have been the result. "H” Steels are alloy steels produced to yourjproductprescn don.» This means that "H” Steels have a much ability band guaranteed. Wisconsin has been^a ea ^ velopmer.t of these steels and at present is S of "H” Alloy Steels. , Wisconsin’s completely integrated ^ " ““f^^^eiT akers, coal mines to the finished steel, staffed by p » cfPpic Our are your assurance of excellence in alloy an specia sales and metallurgical staffs are at your ser\ ice. WISCONSIN STEEL CO” fJ\NY (Affiliate of International Harvester Compon*J 180 North Michigan Avenue Chicago , '

WISCONSIN STEEL O P ^ T^ hS furNaces ORE MINES COAL MINES 0P FACILITIES HEAT-TREATING, COLD FINISHING AND ANNEA ^ f u r n a c e s ROILING MILLS ORE FREIGHTERS

August 19, 1946 TWENTY WAYS TO DO GRINDING JOBS BETTER AND FASTER!

jjTERLING’S s t e r m o u n t s offer positivé solutions for your perplexing, difficult grinding and polishing jobs. The twenty shown to the right are but a few of many shapes and sizes which are avail­ able to use in those hard-to-get-at iodations where good grinding seem s im possible.

Sterling’s Stermounts are made in

widen their usefulness for grinding all types of metals , , , they have the correct outlines to fit into all types of holes and recesses.

Sterling’« Stermounts have the added advantage of removable spin­ d les th at can b e u sed o v er and over again. These spindles are made in two sizes to add extra rigidity and safety to the Stermounts when they are in use. " T H E Sterling’s Stermounts hold their WHEELS cutting qualities and do a quick job on all kinds of metals without un­ OF due pressure being exerted. They i n d u s t r y * ' aim sturdy and tough , . , provide Jong grinding life, -

W ant to cut costs with Stermount?

Drop us a line today, and we will $ Th# Sfifcrmrms.l Ms# #1 wfe#*k ssd shapes tell you how to do it. h sis4rss is «Un sK nctiv* tolêmi «hicfc ù a-sdlable for êM n h m k m , ÿ è q d im iewr = * * Is igp**« measurc- msmU s a d p d s m »! iyp# * - « the spin- djs#*

STERLING ABRASIVES ter lin g rinding h eel iv is io n S OF THEG CLEVELAND QUARRIES W COMPANY D TIFFIN, OHIO

/TE e 1 INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT constructed of “A” metal, a tough, dense v or by temperature variations from 0° C is actuated hydraulically through an elec­ metal of uniform grain and high endur­ to plus 70° C. Used with two photo­ trically-controlled time cycle. ance limit. It resists galling, “wire draw­ beam converters, it can be used in study Tailstock center being well out of way ing and wearing action of abrasive ma­ of gear mesh, torque, and dynamic strain. permits easy loading and is brought in terials. Vibration rates can be measured by appli­ hydraulically by means of a manually Steel 8/19/46; Item No. 9510 cation of a pickup device to any station­ operated hydraulic valve. After loading ary object subject to vibration. machine, center drive is manually en­ Drum Truck-Rack Steel 8/19/46; Item No. 9487 gaged through a clutch lever on the head- stock and part is rotated. Combination truck-rack for carrying Machine is equipped with four motors, and storing 55-gal drums, is announced Hydraulic Vise one for headstcck and rotation of work, by Aircraft Mechanics Inc., Colorado Munton Mfg. Co., 9400 Belmont av­ two of equal capacity for hydrajulic Springs, Colo. Called the Super-Toter, the enue, Franklin Park, 111., announces two equipment and ore for coolant pump. tubular steel truck-rack is easily loaded by new hydraulic vises cf 4 and 7-ton ca­ Base is welded steel and contains coolant one man. Wheel unit is designed to swing pacity for use with drill press, lathe, trough and the chip pan. so that actual lifting of drum is delayed milling machine, grinding or for other Steel 8/19/46; Item No. 9468 jobs such as holding, bending, riveting, punching and assembling. Vise is op­ Taper Inspection Plate erated by a foot treadle located on floor. Taper inspection plate capable of check­ Pressure remains, constant until released ing many different types of tapered work, by complementary foot treadle. such as thread and plug gages, reamers, Made of semi-steel castings with hard­ cutters, arbors and broaches, is offered ened steel jaws and extended ways to by Ex-Cell-O Corp., Detroit 6. It con- resist wear, vise is self-air eliminating and never requires bleeding. Jaws open to 4 and 7 in. on two models. Steel 8/19/46; Item No. 9372

Shaft Turning Machine until entire weight is balanced over A center drive double end turning wheels. machine equipped with front and rear Assembly features a detachable wheel tool slides is announced by Snyder Tool unit which can serve many racks, if & Engineering Co., 3400 East Lafayette, «¡red, attaching or detaching so that Detroit 7. Front slides are for turning a series of racks may be used intermit­ various diameters and forming a taper tently as pouring stands or drum trucks. on one end. Rear slides are for facing, Steel 8/19/46; Item No. 9493 chamfering or undercutting. Center drive of machine has three serrated jaws which sists of a fixed sine bar carrying adjustable Frequency Meter grip part without deflection. centers, with hand wheel for elevating Machine cperates at speeds necessary and lowering. Gage or taper height blocks hew development of Communication for cemented carbide cutting tools, pro­ establish checking angle. Measurements Laboratory, 120 Greenwich duction being from 90 to 100 cycles per Fixed center carries a hardened block 5 reet, New York 6, is a device for meas­ hour at 80 per cent efficiency. Tool feed that is 90 degrees to line of centers, uring frequency of alternating current stages over the entire audible frequency r

bp, fUm coniur>ction with a photo­ an 1 conver*er> model 1800 becomes ^^ectroiiic tachometer for measuring ism, • °t r°latin2 or reciprocal mechan- iectp iT those which cannot be sub­ it m ° an^ addilional mechanical load. eastir^ speeds in excess of one million «voluhons or cycles per minute, bv ,.CUmc-v °t instrume. t is unaffected ! e'v°ltage variations of 105 to 125 I

(All claims are those of respective manufacturers; for additional information fill in and return the coupon on page August 19, 1940 INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT permitting angles to be checked directly broken joints and does not tear core conducted 'through rod to reserve oil, on face of sine bar, wedges, angle blocks, edges. It handles a large range of core causing air to expand and force oil down etc. Plate is adjustable for angles up to sizes and is furnished complete with feed rod to bearing. Airtight cap pre­ 45 degrees. Maximum length between 1-hp motor. Compact, it requires floor vents dust, dirt and chips from getting, centers is 12 in. and diameter between space of only 3 x 5 ft for operation. into oil holes. centers is 4 in. Size of surface plate base Grinding head of the Murco, as the Capacities of 1/2, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and is 3 Vi x 11 x 16%-in. unit is called, is adjustable, and locks 32 oz are offered with 1/8, 1/4, 3/8 Steel 8/19/46; Item No. 9484 and 1/2-in. pipe thread. Steel 8/19/46; Item No. 9459 Pressure Relief Valve Seat Grinder Aerotec Co., White Plains, N. Y., has design ed a pressure relief valve that An automatic motor-driven handhole maintains a predetermined pressure by seat grinder developed by Lagonda Di­ relieving any excessive pressures that may vision of Elliott Co., Springfield, 0, take place in fuel and hydraulic lines. provides fast and accurate resurfacing Valve can be set to desired pressure of handhole seats of all sizes and shapes. Unit is set up by threadirg a face plate to a handhole plate stud of an adjacent

hrmly in any position. Small cores can be handled in multiples in gang fixtures at anytime without interrupting its opera­ during production runs. Maximum clear­ tion by means of an outside adjusting ance between face of the unit’s table screw, eliminating necessity for discon­ and face of grinding wheel is 18 in. necting either inlet or outlet. Steel 8/19/46; Item No. 9590 Valves are offered for pressures rang­ ing from 5 to 100 psi in units having Vibrating Oiler individual ranges of approximately 15 psi. Inlet and outlet are in a straight An automatic vibrating rod bottle handhole. Plate controls alignment of line. oiler for plain sleeve and line shaft bear­ grinding wheel relative to seat face. Steel 8/19/46; Item No. 9549 ings, jack shafts and spindles is an­ End-play in clevis bearings of grinder nounced by Oil-Rite Corp., 3466 South is eliminated by adjustable point clevis 13th Street, Milwaukee 7. Constructed bearing spindles. Width of seat to be Sand Core Face Grinder of unbreakable Lucite and brass, the ground is controlled by guide roller on Portable production machine for grind­ device feeds oil from airtight reservoir spindle housing which bears against si e ing sand core faces before pasting cores through an oilport to a feed rod which of handhole. Ilandholes of any shape together to produce a uniform accuracy slides freely in a closely-fitted hole iu may be ground within 1114-in. or a is latest product of D. J. Murray Mfg., base. Vibration is caused by directional greater distances by using an extention Wausau, Wis. drag of rotating shaft on feed rod. link. Use of machine eliminates patching As bearing becomes warm, heat is Unit is driven by either air or electnc

-- FOR MORE INFORMATION on the new products and equipment mentioned in this section, fill ^ ^ | form and return to us. It will receive prompt attention.

Circle numbers below correspond­ NAME...... TITLE. ing to those of items in which y011 are interested: COMPANY 9576 94S4 9481 0410 93 t9 9350 9496 9590 9416 PRODUCTS MADE 9513 9439 9430 9510 9491 9486 9496 9466 9583 STREET 94.S7 9165 9189 9672 9320 9490 946S 9470 8-19-46 CITY and ZONE ...... STATE.

Mail to: STEEL, Engineering Dept.— 1213 West Third St.. Cleveland 13. Ohio

(AB cW mi are those of respective manufacturers; for additional Information fill in and return the coupon on this page.) /TEEL 1 4 0 ONE SETUP ON A CLEVELAND AUTOMATIC DELIVERS THIS PART, IN 52100 STEEL

Tf you want to produce parts like this for profit, remember this simple setup on a Cleveland 53//'Model A Automatic ... STOCK: 4%"bars of 52100 steel.. .TOLERANCES: .003,/overall • • -TOOLS: carbide, in five turret stations and two cross-slide mountings ... SEQUENCE: 1 .. . Gauge stock; 2 . . . rough turn two diameters OD and centerdrill; 3 . . . rough out ID and flat bottom from turret and finish-form two ODs from rear cross-slide; 4 . . . rebore ID and finish flat bottom, start cutoff from front cross-slide; 5 . . . finish ream,

CHICAGO (6): complete cutoff. Part is delivered faster than by any method f J 408H Civic Opera Bldg. ^CINCINNATI (12); previously used. Machine automatically proceeds with next 4032H Beech St. piece. A total of 16.9 lbs. of metal is removed. The 534" A is .DETROIT (2): % S40H New Center Bldg. but one of the versatile Cleveland line, with capacities from fHARTFORD (1): 9/is" I 529H Capital National to 10// described in a new bulletin, available on request. L m„ Bank Bldg. :NEW yORK (6): f J c c d t , - - @ ieveCa*td& (? u t (?o4£4, 2402H Singer Bldg. INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT motor. Illustration shows electric model metal basket inside retains chips, dirt actuate signals, valves, or pumps. In­ £-t work on a round header with oval and abrasives and can be emptied, washed strument is operated on 150 or 230 v holes. in a degreaser ai d used again. 60 or 60 cycle ac. Steel 8/19/46; Item No. 9491 The. unit has a suction flow rate of Steel 8/19/46; Item No. 9481 10 to 20 gpm. It is mounted on 26-in. roller bearing steel wheels and a swivel, Pump Booster Testing Unit stands 64 in. high, is 60 in. long and 30 New pump booster is announced which in. wide. Testing unit for heavy and large work makes available heretofore inaccessible Steel 8/19/46; Item No. 9135 which cannot be readily tested in any water supplies for fire fighting and per­ of the standard size rockwell hardness testers or rockwell superficial hardress mits water drainage from pits or cellars Recorder-Controller beyond reach of standard pumping equip­ testers is latest product of Wilson Me­ ment. The Accel-o-rate pump booster, An automatic recorder-controller for manufactured by Jet Pump Division of temperature and pressure is announced Derbyshire Machine & Tool Co., 5218-J by C. J. Tagliabue division of Portable Products Corp., 600 Park avenue, Brook­ lyn 5, N. Y. Instrument requires only the push of a button to control processing completely from start to finish. By use of an adjustable cam, timing starts automatically when temperature

chanical Instrument Co. Inc., 383 Con­ cord avenue, New York. This furnishes a testing unit for mounting in whatever Belfield avenue, Philadelphia 44, will design of rigid frame user builds to meet lift water vertically 100 ft or more, and reaches processing point and is terminated his testing needs. will draft water for distances of 200 to at precisely desired moment. All valves, Steel 8/19/46; Item No. 9550 300 ft from water sources impossible whether steam, air, water or overflow, to reach. are opened and closed as process may Cutting Torch Employing jet purhp principle, this require without any manual attention. unit has no moving parts, weighs 18 lb, A red light on controller shows steam- The Gasweld featherweight cutting and will not become clogged. Two 2%- heating phase of process. When heating torch, manufactured by Wall Chen'iw^ in. soft hose lines, are run from pumper is completed and steam is shut off, red Division of Liquid Carbolic Corp., 3 to booster which is submerged in water light is extinguished and a white light South Kedzie avenue, Chicago 23, is supply. When pumper takes suction after appears. After sufficient time for cooling, designed for light metal cutting, u priming, driving water going through white light goes out, indicating visibly can be used to cut heavier materia s. the jet entrains additional water which to operator that cycle is complete. Weighing only 2 lb 2 oz it is on • is returned to the suction side of pumper. Steel S/19/46; Item No. 9520 16 in. from tip to butt of handle, t 'a This additional water is available for a ribbed brass handle ard tubes c fire fighting. The size illustrated will nickel-copper alloy in triangle assem supply adequately a %-in. tip. Level Control It is made with either 80 or 90 ^ Steel 8/19/46; Item No. 9486 Level Control series 10, developed by forged head and has a 1-piece te ur Photoswitch Inc., 77 Broadway, Cam­ copper tip. Steel 8/19/46; Item No. 9416 Mobile Coolant Filter bridge 42, Mass., is suitable for control of water, ammonium chloride, copper Mobile coolant filter designed to re­ nitrate, sulphate, sodium chloride, po­ O xygen Impurity Tester move, filter and replace o.ls or coolants tassium, hydroxide, and many other acids, used in machine tool operations is an­ bases, and salts. Oxygen and hydrogen impuriti ' nounced by Honan-Crane Corp., 636 Selection from four terminals on termi­ gases may be detected and mcas; Wabash avenue, Lebanon, Ind. It oper­ nal block enables control to be matched through the Deoxo indicator dess ates directly on the machine tool sump to specific resistivity of a material. Probe by Baker & Co. Inc., Newark, by inserting a suction hose in back end rods are suspended in tank from probe Capable of operating for longP»1«* of the sump. Flow from discharge hose fittings. Liquid to be controlled makes or little attention, instrument in ica . . r is used to stir up and flush all abrasives breaks contact with probe and tra- smits ence cf from 0.001 per cent to i. and dirt back toward the suction hose. to control a minute electrical current at cent oxygen impurities. „ween The filler will clean up one machine low voltage wh:ch controls a power cir­ Presence of small quantities 0 ^ jj» in a few minutes. A removable expanded cuit which in turn operates a relay to as an impurity in inert gases,

( All claims arc those of respective manufacturers; for additional information fitl in and return the coupon on page 140.) ./TEEL M il Sitting on a Lot of NEW MERCHANDISE! ta shortage of scrap metal, desperate during production. Call your scrap metal dealer . . . "artime, is still serious. T h e production o f many gather and sell worn-out iron and steel of all ° fta things you need is being slowed up . . . will types. This is necessary to help provide uninter­ 6 interrupted unless steel mills continue to get rupted production of steel and things made of alar: ger supply of scrap iron. More than half of steel. Help speed delivery of many of the items e steel used in Am erica requires scrap for its on your want list . . . turn in your scrap today.

All Continental products are made from open hearth steel and are uni­ formly processed and finished according to the needs of their use. Increasing Continental production is “stepping up" shipments of steel sheets, wire, Chain Link fence, etc.

CONTINENTAL ^ S T E E L % I CONTINENTAL STEEL CORPORATION

^ Ílo lG M v STEH SHEETS’ ‘nclud'n9 UNIFORM SPANGLE Galvanized, DULL COAT, ALSO, Manufacturer's Wire in many sizes, ^ o íw ANIZED' C0^ R-STEEl Go I Continental GALVANNEALED, ELECTRICAL, Hot shapes, tempers, and finishes. Continental Chain Rolled Pickled, and many styles of Formed Roofing. Link Fence, Nails^and^J^^^^^l^produ^^ or saturated hydrocarbon gases, is de­ tected and measured in indicator by in­ crease in temperature of gas sample which results from combination of oxygen impurity with hydrogen. Except where gas being tested al­ ready contains sufficient hydrogen, a small amount generated in an electrolytic cell is mixed with sample. After passing through a drying chamber and charcoal purifier sample enters a calorimeter, where during passage over catalyst, a combina­ tion of any oxygen with hydrogen is

effected. Heat liberated is directly pro­ portional to concentration of oxygen in sample. A thermocouple indicates temperature rise in gas caused by reaction. Instru­ ment may be modified to detect and measure small quantities of hydrogen impurity in other gases by means o a slight change in the electrolytic ce whereby excess quantity of oxygen in­ stead of hydrogen is introduced Into SMOOTH RUNNING HELICALS sample. Steel 8/19/46; Item No. 9450 Large or small . . . Horsburgh & Scott Helical Gears are Electrode Holders doing a great job for industry because of their greater accuracy Tweco Products Co., Wichita 7, Kan-i is manufacturing a conventional tong ... greater resistance to wear. Six outstanding features make type electrode holder which ea ur an almost indestructible jnelded-lamina them most economical, quiet and smooth for transmitting glass cloth Bakelite insulation the holder casting. Ventilated fiber aD power between parallel shafts ...it will pay you to learn m or; is held in place by an internal press'“ screw. f j]y about these popular Helicals. Called the Twecotong, it has a r insulated spring which is protect splatter by a Neoprene tube. Cable nection permits soldering and of cable to, holder. Tongs are a g e Send note on Company Letterhead tor 488-Page Catalog 41 copper alloy for maximum con u• and arc bum and splatter resi THE HORSBURGH & SCOTT CO. Holder is offered with amperage pacities of 300 and 500. „h,rine GEARS AND SPEED REDUCERS Tb, company « »1» a semi-insulated Twecotong 0 -jy 5112 HAMILTON AVENUE • CLEVELAND, OHIO, U. S. A. capacities and similar construe o ^ the tong tips, including a P°

/ t e e *- One of the best methods of combining high production and precision involves SIMPLEX fhe use of double-end machines with indexing fixtures. Frequently a piece can be completed from the rough in the overall time required by the long­ est operation. Every production job warrants an analysis of the cost advantages of this method.

A tubular sleeve involving boring, facing and hamfering on both ends is machined in this SIMPLEX 2U 2-way Precision Boring Machine with four spindles and indexing fixture. The work is located and clamped while the boring operation being perform ed. The first pair of spindles and chamfer the bore on both ends; the second pair precision bore for exact size and finish. The operator's effort is limited to loading the piece, indexing the fixture and pushing a but­ ton. This method is subject to many modifications adapting it to a great variety of pieces requiring a combination of operations on one or both ends.

Precision Boring Machines STOKE RUN IT CORPORATION SIMPLEX Precision Boring and Planer Type Milling Machines 4532 West Mitchell Street, Milwaukee 14, Wisconsin ^uSust 19! ig4Q 145 -IN D U S TR IA L EQUIPMENT — upper lever and lower body are not pro­ vided with insulation. WIRE Steel 8/19/46; Item No. 9483 Master Switch Type CM master switch for use with mill and crane magi etic controllers is being manufactured by Electric Con­ troller & Mfg. Co., 2700 East 79th street, Cleveland 4. Cam type switch has silver alloy contacts normally spring- closed and opened by 7 in. diameter

cams. Short throw resulting from use of large cams reduces space necessary for mounting. Cams are mounted on shaft and keyed in position by cenlering-pin screwed into keyed roller arm bracket. Assembly pin identifies arrangement of cams for right cr left hand operation. Ad Steel 8/19/46; Item No. 9583 Circuit Tester Gan Precision Apparatus Company Inc., 92- 27 Horace Harding boulevard, Elmhurst, Answer N. Y., is producing a portable, multi-range alternating or direct-current industria

, and Page can go a step further ' than that. PAGE can give you the benefit of long experience in recom­ mending the most efficient use of wire in production. Just remember three words: "PAGE for Wire."

Monessen, Pn., Atlanta, Chicago, Denver, Detroit, Los Angeles, New York,

Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Portland, Son Froncisco, Bridgeport, Conn. circuit tester, Series 856-J, desigi>e use'in industrial, electric power, la ora tcry 'testing and analysis. Instrument makes possible sim tan ous measurements of alternating c

1 4 6 J T E E 1 T r u c k s k e e p w o r k in g STEADILY, ALL DAY LONG, WHEN OPERATED WITH EXIDE-1 RON CLAD POWER

ää-aas ar ■ j-'d i'a* . 1 ‘ j « ■_ i bi-s^b b-:lpiiCi-''v AtiM liffiwii f 'A j | • -

- ©ffici e&CT> - s n o .: i u o m y i-; fc-i ■» j ea ie§ whicn Sindt-fes" of . .b^üäiiüg •pi’oblOTS-X ■elxs :Jb.OW. to.: cut ts u p to - 7 0% - - covers latest -j b^tjdiÄpA oaferxals frbxc re< >, s.-. _ •

L.!

THE ELECTRIC STORAGE BATTERY COMPANY Philadelphia 32 Exide Batteries of Canada, Limited, Toronto

A"S"st 13. 1946 -IN D U STR IA L EQUIPMENT- and voltage with independent readings on Dependable Controllers the separate meter dials. Accuracy is 3 per cent on either alterrating or direct current and 5 per cent on alternating for All Types and Sizes current voltage. Steel 8/19/40; Item No. 9489

^of Lifting Magnets Tension Indicator W. C. Dillon & Co. Inc., 5410 West Harrison street, Chicago 44, is producing an electric Ters-O-Trol—remole tension and weight irdicator which utilizes bal­ anced, self-synchronous motors. The mas­

DROP ter indicating motor is connected to a dynamometer beam in such a manner that the slightest amcunt of tension or weight unbalances its field ard resulting

Two-Position M aster Switch.

No. 1 Adjustable-Typo S f ; No. 0 Adjustable-Typo Controller. j é Controller.

These Magnet Controllers are supplied for use with all types and all makes of lifting magnets. They are designed to speed up lifting magnet operation, by a quick, clean release of the load and to perform with mini­ mum upkeep. All No. 1 Controller sizes use the EC&M LINE-ARC Magnetic Contactor for handling power to the electrical excitation is tra1 smiilcd by magnet—a contactor without equal for interrupting highly cable to repeater stations where field of receiving motor is correspondingly un inductive circuits in which contacts remain cool and have balanced. long life . . . and destructive burning of the arc shields A deflection of 0.040-in. is sufficient to is eliminated. render a full scale 360 degree reading. Ii strument may be up to 300 ft rom EC&M Controllers are widely used wherever Lift­ clyi.omometer and will operate on - ing Magnets are required. dc. Ni..e models with capacities o a to 20,000 lb are manufactured. Steel 8/19/46; Item No. 9490

5 Table Truck ombination die table and shop lift« Caution—For longer cable life, fasten leads to crane hook-block. manufactured by Service as :k Division, Domestic Indusltri • ' The EC&M Automatic- Discharge Controller ;ago, offers advantages of ■ ^ is designed to speed up lifting m agnet oper­ k and liter in a single u»> • ations through a fast, ed to handle loads up to - ' . clean release of the lo a d . anted the Liftable, unit was ,de gn andle dies in and out of a P r idaptable for many other tl lift is 14 in. ard height 0 ^ ,rcd is 28 i n - i n raised on. Table top measures 26 x 43 u . onstruction is all-steel, electnc-w^ Lifting mechanism is a s ee ^ rating through bronze nut THE ELECTRIC CONTROLLER & MFG. CO. lift chains. 2698 EAST 79łh STREET • CLEVELAND 4, OHIO

/TE * l 1 4 8 /f ' K ■ ÿ restore those RUSTED DOLLARS/ ¡ 1 ^ ^e«tNOX-RUST

|j§y N on - Cof i o s i v e

RUST REM OVER

HELPS SALVAGE

V thousands in

f g l ^ RUSTED PARTS AND IIIO

SAVES METAL

ILLINOIS 149 ¿463 SOUTH HALSTED

August 19.194ft Improvement Program ( Continued from Page 134) increased length of skelp required for the double length buttweld mills. Setting up the new facilities, of course, involved a rearrangement of the finishing equip­ ment and the installation of threading and testing equipment, which in turn made it necessary to rearrange the finish­ ing end of the galvanizing plant. Two conveyors are being installed at Nos. 3 and 7 buttweld mills to handle pipe from the hot finishing end. These conveyors will be located underground and will free overhead cranes for oilier service. The hot end of the galvanizing depart­ ment has been rearranged and a large continuous galvanizing machine installed. Modem- ventilating heat facilities also have been provided. When the work is completed in Oiis department all galvan­ ized pipe, manunfactured by National Tube will be coated at Lorain Works. New Warehouse Included Adjoining the finishing end of the butt­ weld pipe mills is a new warehouse, 1326 x 125 ft, which will rank as one of tire most modern storage buildings in the countiy. Stocking area will be suf­ ficient for 40,000 tons of finished ma­ terial. At Lhe present time the structural steel work is well under way. An even temperature will be maintained through­ out the building by hot water coils in­ stalled in the cement floor to provide radiant healing. The building will have no windows. Daylight-lype artificial light­ ing will be used. Change of air will be provided through ventilalois installed in P r OBABLY one of the most distinct advantages that Mathews the roof and louvers in the sidewalls. Pm- makes available to industry today is a conveying service that is vision has been made for offices and sani­ complete. Proposal engineering, estimating, detail engineering, tary equipment for shipping crews. Stor­ fabrication, and erection in the field, all are part of this thor­ age racks will be built up to a maximum oughly organized effort. A competent field engineering staff, an height of 20 ft to suit different sizes experienced engineering force at the plants, modern factories and of pipes. Four overhead cranes will sen highly skilled personnel make this complete service possible. ice the floor. 1 he building will be divide Plant engineers have learned that this complete service can make into four shipping areas, each shipping unit handling its own station sizes. Stan the material handling phase of their job easier, and help them to a:d railroad cars will move lengthwise do it better. through the warehouse, and progressing W hen you need conveying equipment, remember that Mathews through the various areas will P>c l|p complete service can be yours for the asking, without obligation. the different classifications of P'Pe W hether your problem requires gravity or power conveyers, or complete mixed carload lots. special conveying machinery, you will find Mathews Engineers L fjit blue paint will be used above a in a position to help you make the most practical application. roof trusses; cranes and oilier PrlD ^ movers will be painted a bright oranS color and all columns a light gm> match die walls. In order to afford WS ! visibility the top 18 in. of the P>Pe 13 MATHEWS CONVEYER COMPANY i will be painted a bright orange. The warehouse not only affor s ELL WOOD CITY/ PENNSYLVANIA working conditions for the cmp °'ee^ |j SAN FRANCISCO, CAL. • PORT HOPE, ONT. protection against the elements as for storage of pipe under 4'A-m. °u ^ ENGINEERING OFFICES IN PRINCIPAL CITIES diameter. Building this warehous- ^ present location involves the

/TE E 1 ...with MAEHLER ovens..; mean more uniformly baked cores

RECENT TESTS SHOW temperature variations of only 5°

93.6% M,. AEHLER’S leadership in developing the recirculating air OF MAEHLER’S p r o d u c t i o n IS DEVOTED TO REPEAT ORDERS! heat system for industrial ovens has resulted in a line of • - . There is no better proof of equipment that gives heat uniformity that is virtually perfect! superiority oj Maehler ovens Recent tests show that a Maehler oven operating at 500°F and furnaces. fully loaded maintained a heat uniformity within 5°, through high volume and rapid air heat circulation and highest grade instruments. This kind of temperature control means uniform baking . . . no under-baked nor over-baked cores. A FeW Users of Maehler core and mold ovens are available in a complete m m i K e m i p m e h t range of oil fired, gas fired and electrically heated units, in­ corporating the Maehler recirculating principle for high uni­ formity and output, at low cost. Let us quote you on your requirements. •M M » FOU»»«'« “ ohm THE PAUL MAEHLER COMPANY <■ “ ‘ “ “ s ¿ o w . 22)3 W. Lake Street • Chicago 22, III.

FOUNDRY MAEHLER Industrial Ovens and Furnaces for Core Baking, Mold Drying, Heat Treating, Enameling, etc.

August 10, 1946 of some 14 tracks leading into an ad­ joining building, and not only replacing these in a new location, but changing Uieir direction as well. Vä I S taraj wítk The improvement program in general involves the laying of five miles of new railroad tracks of standard and narrow gage. This is a major operation inasmuch as the new trackage will run east and west and parallel the warehouse instead BAKER TRUCKS of north and south as it does now. more than doubled Storage Facilities New Filter Designed for Cleaning Light Oils Primarily designed to filter light hy­ draulic oils used in operation of hy- draulically operated machine tools, an economical and easily installed filter using the Skinner ribbon pack has been pro­ duced by Skinner Purifiers Inc.. Detroit, 1

ł Hy-Lift Truck illustrated has oversize "safety” plat- form providing greater carrying space. Operator can raise or lower load by remote control from the platform.

* (Inset, above) baker Low• Also it can be used tor air Ijliration fa Lift Truck moves capacity load easily up a 10% ramp pneumatic tools. 70 feet long. The unit has a capacity of 5 gpm. Dirt (Below) This 4000 lb. Baker Truck does double particles 40 microns and larger in size duty. Besides its own big are removed from the lluid. Filter is 3 fa­ load, it hauls a loaded trailer. in diameter and 6 in. in length, hut o,n be made longer for greater flow rates. 1 <* convenience in installing in the tank an In 192 are conserving time and manpower on handling operations throughout the plant. Mo. 2: cloth. 172 pages 8* x M w g A Baker Material Handling Engineer can he’p you inbl.'s’-ed by Addison-Wesley make similar savings. Write for information. Ccndall Square, Cambridge 42. '

BAKER INDUSTRIAL TRUCK DIVISION of the Baker-Raulang Company Th s volum e contains papers I 2167 West 25th Street • Cleveland 13, Ohio jefore the Society for Experimenta In Canada: Railway & Power Engineering Corporation, Ltd. U'nlvsis. The papers are high y lical and deal w ith various pha** » ise i.f strain gages a'*d other aPP ,L5 ^ u trsti-g methods on a n u m b e r i m aterials. / 1 Í Í 1 1 5 2 Here's why they switched . . .

grey iron: 21

A switch in m aterials brought about this 7 5 % cut in weight! It was a ¡ob magnesium took in stride— lightening a 5 h.p. electric motor for aircraft use. One group of parts— motor housing, bearing brackets, fans—weighed 21 pounds in cast grey iron. Magnesium sand castings brought that weight down to 5.1 pounds . .. a sav.ng of 15.9 pounds! Rigid tests and extensive use proved the application a complete success-another of magnesium's many product-improving achievements. Progressive designers and manufacturers have made great strides in magnesium application, and many industries are following suit with equal success. Dow engineers, available through the nearest Dow office, offer valuable technical aid in the use of this lightest structural metal.

LIGHTEST OF A ll STRUCTURAL METALS

ilp P k g operation on a Modem magnesium applica­ close attention to such details of «! 0 aE* eng in e ii one tions include many such units i * ‘'ondord procedure» as this oil tank, its parts being as the inspection of these Dow magnesium sand castings. modiining magnesium. joined by gas welding.

**0N«IUM DIVISION e THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY, MIDLAND, MICHIGAN • »«'en . Philadelphia , Wp.hlna.on • Cleveland • Dee.H . 0,1«=«. • S'- U .U • He«.aa • San Fra«l«. . L.«

August 19, 1940 1 5 3 Brazing Tool Tips

( Concluded, from Page 101) 20 tools ranging in size from Vi to 95-in. square, and of moderate length. Because the mechanism of die fixture is attached to a stationary bracket, an adaptor plate is used when changing to another size. Tools aie held in die fix­ ture, by sirring tension and, as die opera­ tor manually rotates the block, the tool enters the field cf lire inductor coil where it becomes heated. The lip is wiped in place by die operator during the heating after which die tool passes down and out of the inductor as the very short cycle concludes. Held by mechanical tension until it arrives at the vertical, the tool is released from the fixture automatcially and drops into a tote box or onto a conveyor heloxv. Because the flux is sufficiently adhe­ sive, it is not necessary to hold die tip 23 Ton Capacity in position by any other means as the STORAGE BATTERY FLAT CAR tools pass into and out of the inductor. At Willey’s, die induction method also battery. Geared h e ld In o p eratin g is making it possible to silver solder high released; at which set. speed steel tips without drawing die hardness of the tip. In addition, it sim­ plifies the removal of a brazed tip from a shank by quickly remelting the brazing material. Larger tools, lVi x 19fi-in. for example, are now treated in greatly increased quantities. Two girl operators are ca­ pable of tum ing'out 85 of these an hour on a 2-station unit. In handling the large tools, a single magnetic chuck block 6 in. long is used to hold the big shanks. The process also makes it possible to braze a 2-tipped tool without the wiring usually required to secure tip- Tips are 7-TON LOCOMOTIVE TYPE held in place during die healing without INCOT TRANSFER CAR extra support. The same procedure is followed in treating drills, reamers and counterbores. Brazing of diamond dressing tools, BUILDERS OF: with single diamonds was always diffi­ cult to handle and slow to braze. N0''> . < P i~ EL e l e c t r ic a n d s t o r a g e b a t t e r y after the stone is positioned and t e LOCOMOTIVES FOR INTRAPLANT HAULAGE matrix base is pressed into the tool ca'it) SCALE CHARGING CARS AND ORE TRANSFERS around the diamond, one girl cun braze FOR BLAST FURNACE STEEL PLANTS 150 to 200 half-inch tools per hour. The SSAi" CHARGING CARS. CLAY CARRIERS cycle is 3 sec heating per dresser. DOOR EXTRACTORS, COKE GUIDES AND COKE QUENCHING CARS FOR BY PRODUCT COKE PLANTS Carbide Threading Tools TUFN TABLES A new line of standard carbide tipp^ INDICATING AND RECORDING DIALS threading tools, said to be particuary FOR WEIGHING SCALES suitable for long run threading of st^ parts, is now available frem Car 0'°> Co. Inc., Detroit. Tools are of 60 deg V-nose type, designated as style *74 » ATLAS CAR & MFG. CO. and are made of Carboloy grade76'"- Shank sizes oiFered are %, V2, ,s a ENGINEERS MANUFACTURERS 34-in s-'iiare slvles. Sha'’k lengt s from 2 % to 4%-in. Primary clearpce HOO IVANHOE RD. CLEVELAND 10, OHIO, U. S. A at nose cf tool is 3 deg and secon clearance is 6 deg.

/TEE l NARY LUGGAGE . . . f 6 / s ¿/e/W 0/7sfr#f/o# A / f / It's not just an ordinary traveling case . . . it doesn't contain ordinary samples! It's the demonstration-kit used by our sales engineers, to show you at a glance the difference between ordinary high speed steels and high speed steels made by Latrobe's new DESEGATIZED process. This new method, exclusive with Latrobe, makes high speed steel free from carbide segregation. Desegatizing is the most revolutionary development in the perfection of high speed steels in 25 years and sets new standards of quality Writt also f ûr our new for the tool steel industry! 1,1 d,s" ‘hing Latrobe's j,„_ / W Desegatized Process. A Latrobe technical man will gladly bring you the portable kit which shows the advantages of Desegatized High Speed Steels. Write our nearest office.

^ R o b e e l e c t r i c s t e e l c o m p a n y © l a t r o b e , P ennsylvania ^STON . Hartford . n ew york - Philadelphia • Wa sh in g t o n • Pit tsb u r g h ■ bu ffa lo - Ro c h e st e r CLEVELAND TOLEDO • DAYTON • DETROIT ■ CHICAGO • MILWAUKEE • SEATTLE • LOS ANGELES August 19,>. 1946 1 5 5 Heat Treating Aluminum

( Continued, from Page 99) greatly and the metal is said to “work harden". I hus as the shape of the metal piece is changed by working it mechanically, more and more slip planes are used up and the metal becomes progressively harder and less capable of further work­ ing. It is evident that metals possessing few slip planes quickly re;ch a point where excessive force is required for further working or where the metal structure may even break down if all available slip planes have been “used up". Annealing: However, the orginal work­ ability of the metal can be restored by producing a “fresh” set of crystals having an enti ely r.ew set of slip planes. This is done by heating the previously worked metal to a point where a new crystal structure is produced. This tempera­ ture is called the “recrystallization” point or tem perature of recrystallization”. Aluminum alloys require comparatively low temperatures, in the neighborhood of 300-750° F. This operation is easy to control and reliable results can be had with little difficulty on most of the aluminum alleys. (Recommended specific treating cycles will be given in Part Ilf) Suppose we are forming a deep drawn aluminum cup from a flat circle. Instead of attempting to produce the cup from the flat in a single forming operation, the final shape may be attained in steps or stages, annealing the part between suc­ cessive operations wherever necessary to This BURT Free-Flow Gravity correct work hardening. In this manner it is possible to keep each step within the practical working limits of the ma­ Ventilator Gives Your Plant terial and not draw the sheet past the point where excessive work hardening Tremendous Air-Moving Ability would cause cracks or breaks. This is why many articles formed from aluminum alloy sheet involve a sequence of press In the Simplest Possible Form operations with a series of intermediate annealing treatments. B u i F r ? i T b^ 6n .dis'e9arded in redesigning and improving the It is important to understand the in­ Burl Free-Flow Gravity Ventilator. In this modern design the entire fluence of lime in heat treating metas. discharge from the ventilator is vertically upward for greater efficiency F or instance if in the above describe and to eliminate condensation of moisture onto the roof below the annealing process, the work is not he ventilator. There are no internal louvers to impede the free flow of above the recrystallization temperature air—no moving parts to service. Its construction is simple and strong long enough, the new crystals will 11'j* for long life and easy erection. Where a super-capacity stationary have a chance to form completely- ventilator ,s indicated, the Burt Free-Flow is your best specification takes a certain amount of time to ‘or® In Burt s complete line of gravity, fan and continuous ridge ventilators the new crystal structure. In fact, re05 you will fmd a type and size for any requirement. See Sweets' or changes in the structure of the meta re write for data sheets—now. quire a certain amount of time for ccm WRITE FOR CATALOGS AND DATA SHEETS pletion. Also time is required for the heat ^ soak throughout all portions of the me^ BURT MFG. piece being treated. This is necessary order that sufficient temperature rise ROOF VENTILATORS • OIL FILTERS • EXHAUST HEADS produced in all sections to pro' 1 e ' £05 So. High St., Akron 11, Ohio change in metallurgical structure ^ we desire. W hile a fast treatment m

/TEEt Facts and Figures on New and Expanded Facilities of the Steel Industry arc now revealed in

S T E E L E X P A N S I O N F O R W A R

By W. A. HAUCK An official report by Mr. Hauck for the War Production Board

HTS 192-page handbook is an official T report prepared for the War Pro­ duction, the Reconstruction Finance Corporation and other government agencies.

Much heretofore unpublished informa­ tion is presented on new and revamped facilities of hundreds of plants, including those in the ore, ore transportation, coal and coke, refractory, ferro alloy, scrap, foundry and forging industries.

The report provides details on types of products, capacity increases, plant locations, costs, etc. Included are 148 photographs, plus charts and tables.

NEW SUPPLEMENT—An 18-page supple­ ment prepared by Mr. Hauck for the Recon­ struction Finance Corporation and included at no extra charge—brings the report completely up-to-date. It will serve as a valuable reference for many years.

STEEL—Book Department Penton Building, Cleveland 13, Ohio Please send ...... copies of STEEL EXPANSION FOR WAR, by W. A. Hauck, postpaid. (Discount on 10 copies and over.) □ Payment is enclosed. □ Send invoice to company as shown below.

N am e...... T itle ......

C om pany......

A ddress...... i......

C ity ...... Zone...... State •Please add 3% state sales tax on orders for delivery in Ohio

^gust 19, i 946 !N THE S T E E L M ILI

;

ON COOLING BEDS

Have you ever watched a fellow "roll his own" in one hand . . . with straight fingering and equalized bearing from end to end? He rolls a good cigar­ ette. But if his fingers slip , som ething goes wrong. Balance is the trick.

[fl— Ir It's exactly like that on a cooling bed in the steel 1 ' mill. Comparable accuracy of "touch" is required of attachments to the conveying chains. Unless the pushers remain in con­ stant alignment, pipes and tubes will not come off commercially straight. Jeffrey cooling bed chains are trued up to this exacting service . • • malleable roller chain for general service . . . steel thimble roller chain for more demanding, heavy-duty service.

M a n I 1CTUBIÎBC CÔ M PaSfi

1 5 8 furnace operated at a higher temperature might bring the interior of tire work up to temperature quicker, it w ould be al­ most sure to heat the edges and comers of the work to excessive tem peratures and probably damage those portions. For these reasons, allowance for proper time "at temperature” is essential in any heat treatment. The time element enters into heat FOR SPECIAL JOBS treatment in another important manner. Because a certain period of time is re­ ... LIKE YOURS quired for the structural or metallurgical changes to reach a completed or stable For 36 years Ingalls has furnish­ stage, it is possible to change quickly ed fabricated steel for power the temperature of the metal and thereby obtain at room temperature certain de­ plants, bridges, multi-storied sired types of structures that could not buildings—and for special jobs otherwise be had at room temperature. like yours. Complete fabricating But before getting into heat treating cycles and structures of aluminum alloys, facilities. let’s start out with a pure m etal for the sake of simplicity and see how this time element influences the structure. More POWER to Fig. 4 indicates the relation between time and temperature as a pure metal YOU is allowed to cool from the molten state, Ingalls steel was used in represented by point “A”. As its tem­ perature falls, it reaches a point B these new power plants. At where the metal begins to solidify or right, addition to the Geor­ freeze. For pure aluminum, this freezing gia Power Company’s Plant point is 1214.6° F. Note that the curve indicates the tem­ Atkinson, Harryat, Ga. B e­ perature remains at this value for a low, power house for the period of time. This is because the change Aluminum Company of from a liquid to a solid is accompanied by the release of heat, the mechanism of America, Mobile, Ala. the operation being such that just enough heat is released to balance that being lost, thus retaining the temperature of the metal constant during the period this solidification is taking place. So the curve is level from “B” to “C”. As soon as the metal has completely solidified, its temperature again falls gradually as it is allowed to cool, rep­ resented by tire sloping line “D ”. It should be noted that only the pure metal follows diis type of curve .... and each different metal has a different solidification or freezing point; i.e., the level portion of the curve or “plateau” will come at a different temperature. Now let’s see what happens when we melt two pure metals togedier— let’s say aluminum and copper—and allow them to cool. We find that we have a curve ef an entirely different shape because ihe combination of the two metals has a freezing “range” instead of a freezing point ; that is, the material begins to ■reeze at one temperature and continues to freeze while the temperature falls to a lower value before all of it has solidi- tod. This is shown by the dotted por­ tion of the curve at “F” in Fig. 4 where curve slopes from “E ” to “G”. The combination of aluminum and MPper does not freeze or solidify com-

August 1 9 ,1 9 4 6 pletely at a single temperature because the mixture formed by the two metals behaves in an entirely different manner than does a pure metal such as copper, Production Screwdrivers or aluminum. Suppose we examine this freezing action for a moment, tracing the new curve on Fig. 4. S p e e d u p Differential Freezing: At “E”, Fig. 4, the crystals forming out as the molten metal is just beginning to solidify will YOUR SCREWDRIVING ASSEMBLIES consist of an alloy of almost pure alu­ B Y USING THESE minum. As the tem perature falls, crystals with appreciable amounts of copper will begin forming. With continued dropping Model B tem perature, the crystals forming will Will Drive contain more and more copper. Thus at Screws E , the alloy particles fieezing out may No. 6 to contain 99.9 per cent aluminum, 0.1 per cent copper. Just below “E ’y the parti­ No. l/4, cles freezing out of solution may contain in Lengths 99 per cent aluminum, 1 per cent copper. 3/16 to 1 Similarly, particles containing 98 per cent Inches aluminum 2 per cent copper will freeze out at a still lower temperature, etc. Thus as the temperature falls, the ma­ terial freezing out of solution at any par­ All Screws ticular moment corresponds to the alloy of aluminum and cojiper that freezes at Driven to that particular temperature. a Uniform This accounts for the fact that as the Tension temperature curve traverses the “F” por­ tion, Fig. 4, the alloy particles or crystals forming out the molten metal contain more and more copper. At “G”, the No Marring entire mass becomes solidified and the of Heads temperature drops along the same type of curve as before. W hen the molten metal contains more than two elements, this curve changes considerably and the freezing action be­ comes increasingly complicated. It u Model A Is Designed evident, that in an aluminum alloy where to Handle Small Screws we may have six to nine different in Sizes elements, the action may be extremely complicated, especially because the many From No. 2 to No. 6 different elements in turn form various In Lengths mixtures or compounds which may behase From 3/16" to 3/4" . in still different ways to further com­ plicate the situation. Precipitation: One of the complications that results from having these many dif­ ferent elements in the aluminum alloy Driving Time is that certain combinations of elements One Second Per Screw may form mixtures cr compounds whic may freeze out of solution or separate out in small independent particles before or even after most of the other materia Send Sample Assemblies has solidified. .. These particles may be extremely sma^ for Production Estimates and may exist between the surfaces o* and Quotations adjoining crystals in such a manner as ASK FOR CATALOGUE to “lock” the crystals by hindering t CD’ from sliding and thus increasing the re sistance to mechanically working the nw terial. This in turn may make the me Detroit Power Screwdriver Co. hard, tough, brittle, etc. Depending u 2813 W. Fort St., Detroit 16, Mich. circumstances, the result may be desira or undesirable. oui This precipitation or separating

1 6 0 ,/TEEL from the molten metal can be demon­ strated in this manner: Place several spoonfuls of salt in a glass of boiling ™£ CHARM ofa water, uJding salt until no more will dissolve and some remains in the bottom of the glass even after repeated stining. Pour tins solution into another glass, leav­ ing behind the extra salt. We now have a saturated’ solution of salt in water. Then place this glass in a basin of cold water and stir the solution. As it cools, the temperature will drop to a point where the water can not hold all of the salt in solution. We now have a “supersatu­ rated’ solution in which the extra salt will immediately foim salt crystals as it prec.pitates” out of die solution in the glass. The same thing happens when a molten aluminum alloy is allowed to cool, 'anotis elements and combinations of elements will precipitate out of the molten aloy as the temperature falls to a point where they can no longer be held in solu- °n- And the alloy does not have to be ®o ten, for certain compounds may pre­ date out of.the metal after it has solidified. When a constituent precipitates out, it may accumulate between grains along Sram boundaries, or in the form of mmute particles between crystals inside grams. These particles may dius be esent in the slip planes between ad- mlntnCrySta,1S- If the Mme Particle is a y imbedded in both surfaces T)f JT* ClySta's> “ evident tliat diey 611 to lock diose surfaces together d prevent them frcm sliding freely one 1 I ” ' TlmS theT wiI1 tend to in- y the resistance to slippage be- elfert CryStaIs because of this “keying” Spray IJranodizing metal surfaces assures a sllppa2e made more difficult, durable, lustrous paint finish. The smooth, light, Dlam. 6 a aiCtS 3S tboush it had fewer slip hard, phosphate coating anchors paint to the metal consid ‘I , er t0 work a>ad may be for permanent protection; preventing the spread of mav Kra , Str0nger’ So ll,e end result of it, 6 'at dle mechanical properties rust from accidental injury to the paint finish. w e t ,” 6131 are greatJy improved. As heat t f66’ tillS is tlle aim of certain The appealing beauty of the paint finish when treating cycles. applied to a (Jranodized surface will endure, We bave not only solids whether it he the finish of automobile, refrigera­ metal) V ? *iUt a hQu‘d (die molten tor, washing-machine, kitchen cabinet or other of solirl/i S°lids Precipitating out can difr’ cCause jnst as a solid metal products constructed of sheet metal. a-rihed mde‘nMi an0ther Solid metal

/TEE l for productive paYrolIs

T o d a y s w o r k e r s need today’s wiring. . .. w orker. T h en , check w ith your p lan t pow er Inadequate wiring, obsolete wiring, over­ engineer, your consulting engineer, elec­ taxed wiring, over-extended wiring can cut trical contractor or power salesman and °perators’ efficiency from 25 to 50 percent make sure there’s no such handicap in your and reduce production accordingly. plan t. To visualize the importance of adequate A wiring survey now, may firing, walk down your own production save costly shut-downs and ex­ l‘nes, mentally blank out every third pensive alterations later. 4G354

ANACONDA WIRE & CABLE COMPANY

Aügust 1 9 .1 9 4 8 1 6 3 The Business Trend

There is some encouragement, however, in a report from Industrial Activity Hits the American Railway Car Institute that deliveries of rail­ way freight cars and new orders placed for cars rose New Postwar High Mark in July over June. Orders placed in July for freight cars totaled 11,086 cars, compared with 3064 in June. July A NEW POSTWAR high mark for industrial production deliveries totaled 2570 cars, considerably below the ca­ was set in the week ended Aug. 10 when S t e e l ’s index pacity of the industry but above the 2094 delivered in of activity reached 150 per cent (preliminary), 2 points June. above the previous postwar high of 14S per cent that pre­ AUTOS—For the past three weeks automobile production vailed in the preceding three weeks. has been slipping as a result of strikes in suppliers’ plants. The current level would be higher were it not for short­ In the week ended Aug. 10 total car production was 78,- ages of skilled labor, raw materials, and components. 597, indicating that a forecasted August production of At 150 per cent, the rate is 50 points higher than the 405,000 cars will not be achieved. 1936-1939 weekly average, and 4S points above the level COAL—Production of bituminous coal continues at a high at the end of the war a year ago. level, with output in the week ended Aug. 3 estimated The rise in the week ended Aug. 10 resulted from gains at 12,245.000 tons, compared with 11,214,000 tons in .the in steel ingot production and electric power output. corresponding week a year ago. Production in the week STEEL—Steel ingot production is now at about 90 ended July 27 was 12,450,000 tons. From Jan. 1 through per cent of capacity and is held by a scrap shortage Aug. 3 production was approximately 291,515,000 tons, from advancing further. Electric power output in the which is 60,447,000 tons, or 17.2 per cent, behind that past month has been running higher than at any time for the corresponding period of last year. since the end of war a year ago, and in the week ended PRICES—Wholesale prices rose 0.7 per cent during the Aug. 10 reached another new postwar high. week ended Aug. S, with varied price movements fol­ CARLOADINCS— Railroad carloadings are practically as lowing reinstatement of government price control. This high as those of any of the wartime period. There is little rise pushed tire U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics index likelihood, however, of any appreciable increase in car­ of commodity prices in primary markets to'125.0 per cent loadings in the near future because of a lack of cars, of the 1926 average, 10.9 per cent above the end of June particularly box cars. The car shortage is expected to when price controls lapsed. Average prices of all com­ become even more acute in September and October, modities other than farm products and foods are now 3. traditionally the heaviest loading months of the year. per cent higher, than at the end of June.

T-T 1 I T TTTTT if1- /III L’s INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION INDEX

Month Ago 144 The Index (see chart above): Latest Week (preliminary) 150 Previous Week 148 FIGURES THIS WEEK Year Latest Prior Month INDUSTRY Ago Ago Period0 W eek 88.5 86 Steel Ingot Output (per cent of capacity)?...... 89 88.5 4.305 Kliylric Power DMributed (million kilowatt hours) 4,412 4.35 L 4 .1 5 6 J ,869 Bituminous Coal Production (daily av.— 1000 tons) 2.011 2.073 1.095 4.}i:l4 Petroleum Production (daily av.— 1000 bids.) . . . . 4,821 4,SSL 4.034 $30.2 $130.6 $1 l‘l 6 $115.7 20,790 Automobile and Truck Output (Ward’s—number units) ...... 78,597 79,385 74,015 • Dates on requesL / 1946 weekly capacity is 1,762,381 net tons. 1945 weekly capacity was 1,831,636 net to n s.

TRADE 870 895 J-Veedii Carloadings (unit— 1000 c a r s ) ...... 9001 80S 15 Business Failures (Dun & Bradstrcet, num ber)...... 27 14 $ 2 7 Ä Money iu Circulation (in millions of dollars)!...... $28,326 $28,245^ $28,335 +18% +26% Department Store Sales (change from like \vk. a yr. ago){ ...... +30% + 33/c f Preliminary. } Federal Reserve Board.

./TE £l 164 THE BUSINESS TREND

Iro n O re (Lake Superior Iron Ore Assn.) Gross tons— 000 omitted J à o s i U t e i S to c k s a t Lake Erie Docks Consumption anil lllrnaccs 1 9 4 0 1 9 4 5 1 0 4 0 1 0 4 5 3.719 6.983 3 5 .3 4 2 ' 3 0 .8 8 9 1.748 6.371 33.047 21.577 CONSUMPTION 6 021 7.082 27.001 17.304 t$to4a at LaiM 4 709 6.042 23.079 10.129 2.990 6.872 23.903 20.715 4,995 6.397 20,205 24.847 6 .5 3 2 2 9 .4 8 5 5 .0 5 8 3 1 .7 8 1 .... 5 .8 3 7 3 9 .5 4 9 4 4 9 1 . . . . 4 5 0 0 0 5011 4 4 .7 0 0 6 ,0 9 9 3 9 .0 5 9 ISOUKI LAKf SUffWC* »04 OT AS&MJ lu - ln la j 11 I 11 11 I 11 I I 111 I 1 11 I i i i I ; I t I 1 I I I I I

Mac/usie rfoal Machine Tool Shipments DOLLAR VALUATION (000 omitted) 1946 1945 1944 1943 $30.263 $37.353 $56 363 $117.384 yearly OUTPUT 26.949 36 018 50.138 114.594 ISCaie At lift) 27.326 40.045 51.907 125.445 28.108 40.170 41.370 118 024 26.580 39 825 41.819 113.859 2 8 .5 8 0 41010 41.471 108 736 32.504 32.753 97.541 32.500 35.177 87,805 27.300 35.889 85.842 81.200 37.516 78.302 26.000 36 277 71.811 23.200 36.784 60.873

SOURCE, MACHINE TOOL BLDRS.ASSN. »4? ,*43 1*44 1*43 ,*4* ______(TO can)

Factory Employment (000 omitted) MONTHLY _ AVERAGE ~ (Scofo ol l«fi)

Latest Prior M onth Period0 W eek A co $11,701 $11,730 $10,738 $ 2 « 7 . $ $ 2 0 8 . 6 $£08.2 $13.6 $ 1 8 .4 $17.8 4 '27 4.501 $60,3 $61.0 $42,666 $42,744

$64.45 121.1 140.2 lia .3 You first feel the impact of American Magnesium's drive for quality as our engineers assist in designing a part to take full advantage of magnesium's weight- saving ability. They may suggest changes here or there to assure more uniform, sounder castings. Follow the part through American Mag­ nesium's plant and you're certain to be im­ pressed by the know-how evidenced in every department. You're seeing nearly a quarter of a century's experience going into that production. Designers, builders and users are invited to investigate what American Magnesium's high quality castings will do for their products. Ask the nearby Alcoa office. Or write Aluminum Company of America, Sales Agents for American Magnesium products, 1721 Gulf Building, Pittsburgh 19, Pennsylvania

MAGNE S1UM MAZLO PRODUCTS M, i, ?hl- AMERICAN MAGNESIUM CORPORATION SUBSIDIARY OF ALUMINUM COMPANY OF AMERICA Market Summary

High Steel Production Rate DISTRICT STEEL RATES

(Percentage of Ingot Capacity Engaged Threatened by Shortages in L e a d in g D is tr ic ts ) W eek- Ended Same Week Scrap and pig iron supply holds key to continued Aug. 17 Change 1 9 4 5 1 9 4 4 Pittsburgh . . . . 9 8 .5 + 1 4 5 9 1 .5 activity . . . Mills have little capacity for re­ C h ic a g o ...... 9 2 .5 + 3 4 0 9 9 Eastern Pa. . . 81 — 3 7 7 9 5 mainder of year Y o u n g s to w n . . 8 8 N o n e 5 3 9 5 W heeling . . . . 9 3 .5 + 7 .5 6 4 .5 9 5 Cleveland . . . . 91.5 — 0 .5 5 0 9 3 WHILE steel production so far this summer has held B u ffa lo ...... 8 8 .5 N o n e 6 2 .5 9 0 .5 at a high rate and last week established the highest rate B irm in g h a m 9 9 N o n e 9 5 9 5 New England . . . SO + 15 8 4 7 0 since July, 1945, the cumulative effect of continued short­ C in c in n a ti 8 9 N o n e 5 8 9 2 age of pig iron and scrap is expected to be reflected in St. Louis . . . . 5 4 .5 + 5 5Q 8 7 D e tr o it ...... 9 0 + 1 6 2 8 9 an appreciable drop shortly. Estim ated national Shipments from scrap yards are down at least 50 per r a t e ...... 9 0 + 1 .6 0 9 7 cent from early summer months and inventories have Based on weekly steelmaking capacity of 1,762,381 net to n s f o r 1946; 1,831,636 to n s all but disappeared at many consuming points. This for 1945; 1,791,287 tons for 1944. situation, combined with loss of pig iron, due to alloca­ tions for housing and agricultural requirements and other preference work, is forcing mills, some for the first time this summer, to curtail open-hearth production, and this interest still is centered primarily in obtaining tonnage trend wall be more pronounced unless some solution is already due against current commitments. Little new found. tonnage can be accepted for shipment over the remainder In this connection much interest is being directed to of this year. Hot and cold-rolled alloy bars can be had the matter of scrap prices and until some action is taken in free supply, hot-rolled in late September and early Oc­ on further appeals of the scrap trade for higher prices, tober. Some large sizes of hot carbon and cold-rolled movement of scrap is expected to continue slow. Should bars are available in limited tonnages for late this year. ^ A become convinced that some advance is warranted Among the few other items that can be bought for out be unable to decide promptly how much, a promise delivery this year without priorities are wire rope and 0 retroactive action would stimulate the flow, it is be­ stainless steel sheets. On all other products mills are lieved. covered for the remainder of the year, either through Pig iion production is improving slowly but this is not outright sales or quota obligations, and on most products re ounding in general to the advantage of steelmakers indications are they will have substantial carryovers at the ’ceausc of the emphasis on foundry iron for preference end of the year. Some mills have accepted orders for first quarter in certain products, including plates, track ac­ 'e unsettled outlook with regard to steel production, cessories, mechanical and boiler tubing, and a certain C°il' JneC^ contanned question as to what mills will be amount of steel required for identified projects. In the ca e on to handle in fourth quarter in the way of pri- main, however, little tonnage can be placed for shipment ®r>b tonnage makes it difficult for producers to say when over the remainder of this year or for shipment beyond. ey will be in position to open books for first quarter. In spite of difficulties steelmakers are holding a high °"e\er, within a few weeks they will be forced to take rate of production and last week attained 90 per cent 0rne ac^on- Pressure is extremely heavy from all con- of capacity on a national basis, a rise of 1 point, highest uniers for scheduling of first quarter tonnage, although since July, 1945. Six districts made slight gains over the preceding week and only two declined. Others held to the prior rates. Pittsburgh advanced 1 point to 98% per cent, Wheeling 7% points to 93V2, Chicago 3 points to 92%, Detroit 1 point to 90, St. Louis 5 points to 541/2 and New England 15 points to 90. Eastern Pennsylvania dropped 3 points to 81 and Cleveland %-point to 91%. Rates were unchanged as follows: Youngstown 88, Cin­ cinnati 89, Birmingham 99, Buffalo 88% and West Coast 84. Steel ingot production in July was largest since July last year, output being 6,598,864 net tons, compared with 5,624,826 tons in June and 6,985,571 tons in July, 1945. Production to Aug. 1 this year was 33,928,018 tons, com­ pared with 50,128,653 tons in the comparable period in 1945. This discrepancy emphasizes the effects of the steel and coal strikes of early months and the shortage of scrap and pig iron in later months.

19, 1946 167 MARKET PRICES. COMPOSITE MARKET AVERAGES

One Three One Five Month Ago Months Ago Year Ago Years Ago Aug. 17 Aug. 10 Aug. 3 July, 1946 May, 1946 Aug., 1945 Aug., 1941 Finished Steel ...... $64.45 $64.45 $64.45 $64.45 $63.54 $58.27 $56.73 Semifinished Steel ...... 40.60 40.60 40.60 40.60 40.60 37.80 36.00 Steelmaking Pig Iron . . . . 27.50 27.50 27.50 27.50 25.50 24.00 23.00 Steelmaking Scrap .... 19.17 19.17 19.17 19.17 19.17 19.17 19.17 Finished Steel Composite:—Average of industry-wide prices on sheets, strips, bars, plates, shapes, wire, nails, tin plate, standard and line pipe. Semifinished Steel Composite:—Average of industry-wide prices on billets, slabs, sheet bars, skelp and wire rods. Steelmaking Pig Iron Composite:— Average of basic pig iron prices at Bethlehem, Birmingham, Buffalo, Chicago, Cleveland, Neville Island, Granite City and Youngstown. Steelworks Scrap Composite:—Average of No. 1 heavy melting steel prices at Pittsburgh, Chicago and eastern Pennsylvania. Finished steel, net tons; others, gross tons.

COM PARISON OF PRICES Representative Market Figures for Current Week; Average for Last Month, Three Months and One Year Ago Finished material (except tin plate) and wire rods, cents per lb; coke, dollars per net ton; others, dollars per gross ton. Finished Material Pig Iron Aug. 17, July, May, Aug., Aug. 17, June, Apr., July, 1946 1946 1946 1945 1946 1946 1946 19« Steel bars, Pittsburgh ...... 2.50c 2.50c 2.50c 2.25c Bessemer del. Pittsburgh ...... 529.77 $29.69 $27.69 $26.19 Steel bars, Philadelphia ...... 2.86 2.86 2.82 2.57 Basic, Valley ...... 28.00 28.00 26.00 2150 Steel bars. Chicago ...... 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.25 Basic, eastern del. Philadelphia 29.93 29.93 27.84 26.34 Shapes, Pittsburgh ...... 2.35 2.35 2.35 2.10 No. 2 Idry., del. Pgh. N. & S. sides. . 29.27 29.19 27.19 25.69 Shapes. Philadelphia ...... 2.48 2.48 2.465 2.215 No. 2 foundry, Chicago ...... 28.50 28.50 26.50 25.00 Shapes, Chicago ...... 235 2.35 2.35 2.10 Southern No, 2, Birmingham ...... 24.88 24.88 22.88 21.38 Plates, Pittsburgh ...... 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.25 Southern No. 2 del. Cincinnati ...... 28.94 28.94 26.94 25.44 Plates, Philadelphia ...... 2.558 2.558 2.55 2.30 No. 2 fdry., del, Philadelphia ...... 30.43 30.43 28.34 26.84 Plates, Chicago ...... 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.25 Malleable, Valley ...... 28.50 28.50 26.50 25.00 Sheets, hot rolled, Pittsburgh ...... 2.425 2.425 2.425 2.20 Malleable, Chicago...... 28.50 28.50 26.50 25.00 Sheets, cold-rolled, Pittsburgh ...... 3.275 3.275 3.275 3.05 Charcoal, low phos., fob Lyles, Tenn. 33.00 33.00 33.00 3300 Sheets, No. 24 galv., Pittsburgh ----- 4.05 4.05 4.05 3.70 Gray forge, del. Pittsburgh ...... 28.69 28.69 26.69 25.19 Sheets, hot-rolled, Gary ...... 2.425 2.425 2.425 2.20 Ferromanganese, fob cars, Pittsburgh 140.00 140.00 140.00 140.33 Sheets, cold-rolled, Gary ...... 3.275 3.275 3.275 3.05 Sheets, No. 24 galv., Gary ...... 4.05 4.05 4.05 3.70 Hot-rolled strip, over 6 to 12-in., Pitts.. 2.35 2.35 2.35 2.10 Scrap Cold-rolled strip, Pittsburgh ...... 3.05 3.05 3.05 2.80 Heavy melting steel, No. 1, Pittsburgh 520.00 $20.00 $20.00 $20.00 Bright basic, bess. wire. Pittsburgh.. 3.05 3.05 3.05 2.75 Heavy melt, steel, No. 2, E. P a 18.75 18.75 18.75 18.75 Wire nails, Pittsburgh ...... 3.75 3.75 3.25 2.90 Heavy melting steel, Chicago...... 18.75 18.75 18.75 1375 Tin plate, per base box, Pittsburgh.. $5.25 $5.25 $5.25 $5.00 Rails for rolling, Chicago ...... 22.25 22.25 22.25 22.25 No. 1 cast, Chicago ...... 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 Semifinished Material Sheet bars, Pittsburgh, Chicago .... 538.00 $38-00 538.00 536.00 Coke Slabs, Pittsburgh, Chicago ...... 39.00 39-00 39.00 36.00 Connellsville, furnace ovens...... 58.75 $8.75 $7.50 $7.50 Rerolling billets, Pittsburgh ...... 39.00 39.00 39.00 36.00 ConneUsville, foundry ovens ...... 0.50 9.50 8.25 8.25 Wire rods, No. 5 to &-inch, Pitts.... 2.30c 2.30c 2.30c 2.15c Chicago, by-product fdry., del...... 15.10 15.10 13.75 13.07

STEEL, IRON, RAW MATERIAL, FUEL AND METALS PRICES Finished steel quoted in cents per pound and semifinished in dollars per gross ton, except as otherwise noted. Delivered prices do not include the 3 pe* cent federal tax on freight. Pricing on rails was changed to net ton basis as of Feb, 15 1946, Detroit, del., 2.45c; eastern Mich, and Toledo. Semifinished Steel Bars 2.50c; Gulf ports, dock, 2.70c; Pacific ports, Hot-Rolled Carbon Bars and Bar-SIze Shapes dock, 2.75c. Carbon Steel Ingots: Fob mill base, rerolling under 3-ln.: Pittsburgh, Youngstown, Chicago, Reinforcing Bars (Rail Steel): Pittsburgh CW* quality, standard analysis, $33. Gary, Cleveland, Buffalo, Birmingham base, 20 cago, Gary, Cleveland, Birmingham, Ywing* tons one size, 2.50c; Duluth, base, 2.60c; De­ town. Buffalo, base, 2.35c; Detroit, deL, Alloy Steel Ingots: Pittsburgh, Chicago, Buf­ troit, del., 2.60c; eastern Mich., 2.65c; New eastern Mich, and Toledo, del., 2.50c; vxu« falo, Bethlehem, Canton, Massillon; uncrop, York, del., 2.86c; Phila., del., 2.86c; Gulf ports, ports, dock, 2.70c. , _ 548.69. dock, 2.85c; Pac., ports, dock, 3.15c. (Sheffield Iron Bars: Single refined, Pitts., 4.76c; dou Rerolling, Billets, Blooms, Slabs: Pittsburgh, Steel Corp. may quote 2.75c, fob St. Louis; refined, 5.84c; Pittsburgh, staybolt, 6.22c; ienr Chicago, Gary, Cleveland, Buffalo, Sparrows Joslyn Mfg. & Supply Co., 2.55c, fob Chicago.) Haute, single ref., 5.42c; double ref.. 6.7oc. Point, Birmingham, Youngstown, $39; Detroit, Rail Steel Bars: Same prices as for hot-rolled del., $41; Duluth (billets), $41; Pac. ports (bil­ carbon cars except base is 5 tons. Sheets, Strip lets), $51. (Andrews Steel Co., carbon slabs, Hot-Rolled Sheets: Pittsburgh, Chicago, Gan'. $43; Northwestern Steel & Wire Co., $41, Ster­ Hot-Rolled Alloy Bars: Pittsburgh, Youngs­ Cleveland, Birmingham, Buffalo, ling, 111.; Granite City Steel Co., $47.50 gross town, ‘ Chicago, Canton, Massillon, Buffalo, Sparrows Pt., Middletown, base, 2.425c; “ ton slabs from D.P.C. mill. Geneva Steel Co., Bethlehem, base 20 tons one size, 2.921c; De­ Ite City, base, 2.525c; Detroit, del , $58.64, Pac. ports.) troit, del., 3.021c. (Texas Steel Co. may use eastern Mich., del., 2.575c; Phila., del., few». Chicago base price as maximum fob Fort New York, del., 2.6S3c; Pacific "sheets Forging Quality Blooms, Slabs, Billets: Pitts­ Worth, Tex., price on sales outside Texas, (Andrews Steel Co. m ay quote hot-rouea m burgh. Chicago, Gary, Cleveland, Buffalo, Oklahoma.) tor shipment to the Detroit area on _ • _ Birmingham, Youngstown, $47; Detroit, del,, dletown, O., base; Alan Wood Steel 6"-. ^ 549; Duluth, billets, 549; forging billets fob AISI (•Basic AISI (•Basic Series O-H) Series O-H) shohocken, Pa., m ay quote 3.00c on ho Pac. ports, 559. sheets, Sparrows Point, Md.) rje*e- (Andrews Steel Co. may quote carbon forging 1300...... $0.10S 4300...... -$1.839 2300...... 1.839 4600...... Cold-Rolled Sheets: Pittsburgh, a l ^ K letoWn, billets $50 gross ton at established basing . . 1,298 land, Gary, Buffalo, Youngstown, points; Follansbee Steel Corp., $49.50 fob To­ 2500...... 2.759 4800...... 2.326 3000...... 0.541 base, 3.275c; Granite City, base, 3_37 ronto, O.; Geneva Steel Co., $64.64, Pacific 5100...... 0.S79 tToit, del., 3.375c: eastern Mich., 36j5c; ports.) 3100...... 0.920 5130 or 5152. .. 0.494 3200...... 1.461 6120 or 6152. .. 1.028 New York, del., 3.615c; Phila., del., Alloy Billets, Slabs, Blooms: Pittsburgh, Chi­ 6145 or 6150. .. 1.298 Pacific ports, 3.925c. fsj- cago, Buffalo, Bethlehem, Canton, Massillon, 3400...... 3.462 S612...... 0.703 Galvanlzed Sheets, No. 24: „^'^Youngsiowa. S5S.43; del. Detroit $60.43; eastern Mich. 4000...... 0.487 8720...... 0.757 cago, Gary, Birmingham, Buffalo, craa- $61.43. 4100 (.15-.25 Mo) 0.757 9830...... ,. 1.407 Sparrows Point, Middletown, base, • 4 jjc; (.20-.30 Mo) 0.812 Ite City, base, 4.15c; New Sheet Bars: Pittsburgh, Chicago, Cleveland, Phila., del.. 4.24c; Pacific ports, 4. ^ Buffalo, Canton, Sparrows Point, Youngstown, ° Add 0.25 for acid open-hearth; 0.50 electric. $38. (Empire Sheet & Tin Plate Co., Mans­ Corrugated Galv. Sheets: piti * urf ^ re. 3.73c. field, O., carbon sheet bars, $39, fob mill.) Cold-Finished Carbon Bars: Pittsburgh, Chi­ Gary, Birmingham, 29-sage,rMcaso. Gary. cago, Gary, Cleveland, Buffalo, base, 20,000- Culvert Sheets: pitw buF^',,rruf;ated,' Skelp: Pittsburgh, Chicago, Sparrows Point, 39,999 lb, 3.10c; Detroit, 3.15c; Toledo, 3.25c. Birmingham, 16-gage not cor ¡fic ports, Youngstown, Coatesville, lb, 2.05c. Cold-Finished Alloy Bars: Pittsburgh, Chicago, alloy, 4.15c; Granite City, 4 25c, Wire Rods: Pittsburgh, Chicago, Cleveland, Gary, Cleveland, Buffalo, base, 3.625c; Detroit, 4.60c; copper iron, No. 24. P'-“ ’ Birmingham, No. 5— & in. inclusive, per 100 del., 3.725c, eastern Mich., 3.755c. coated, hot-dipped, heat-treated, lb, $2.30. Do., over $£-ln., inch, $2.45; Reinforcing Bars (New Billet); Pittsburgh, burgh, 4.60c. „i.t.hurgh. hrt- Galveston, base. $2.40 and $2.55, respectively. Chicago, Gary, Cleveland, Birmingham, Spar­ AlumlnUed Sheets, 20 s*xe: KttjDur*. Worcester add $0.10; Pacific ports $0.50. rows Point, Buffalo, Youngstown, base, 2.35c; dipped, coils or cut to length , MARKET PRICES

Enameling Sheets: 10-gage; Pittsburgh, Chi­ (Fob Pittsburgh, Chicago, Cleveland, Birming­ cago, Gary, Cleveland, Youngstown, Middle­ ham, per base column) Rivets town, base 3.20c; Granite City, base 3.30c; Woven fence, 15% gage and heavier. .. 72 Fob Pittsburgh. Cleveland, Chicago, Detroit, del., 3.30c; eastern Mich., 3.35c; P a­ Barbed wire, 80-rod spool ...... **79 Birmingham cific ports, 3.85c; 20-gage: Pittsburgh, Chicago, Burble»» wire, twisted *79 Structural ...... 4.75c Gary. Cleveland, Youngstown, Middiet own, Fence posts ...... 74 ft-inch and under ...... *65-5 off base. 3.80c: Detroit, del.. 3.90c; eastern Mich., ______Bale ties, single loop 72% •Plus 12 per cent increase on base prices, ef­ 3.95c; Pacific ports, 4.45c. fective July 26. Electrical Sheets No. 24: •Add $0.10 for Worcester, $0.05 for Duluth Pittsburgh Pacific Granite and S0.50 for Pacific ports. Washers, Wrought Base Ports City tAdd $0.30 for Worcester, $0.50 for Pacific Field grade ...... 3.90c 4.65c 4.00c ports. Nichols Wire & Steel may quote $4.25; Fob Pittsburgh. Chicago, Philadelphia, to Armature ...... 4.25c 5.00c 4.35c Pittsburgh Steel Co., $4.10. jobbers and large nut and bolt manufac­ Electrical ...... 4.75c 5.50c 4.85c JAdd $0 50 for Pacific ports. turers, lcl ...... $2.75-$3.00 off Motor ...... 5.425c 6.175c 5.525c §Add $0.10 for Worcester; $0.70 Pacific ports. Dynamo ...... 6.125c 6.875c 6.225c ♦•Pittsburgh Steel Co. may quote 89. Tool Steels Transformer Toni Steels: Pittsburgh, Bethlehem, Syracuse, 72 ...... 6.625c 7.375c ...... Tubular Goods Welded Pipe: Base price in carloads, threaded Canton, O., Dunkirk, N. Y., base, cents per 65 ...... 7.625c 8.375c ...... lb; reg. carbon 15.15c; extra carbon 19.48c; 58* ...... 8.125c 8.875c ...... and coupled to consumers about $200 per net 25.97c; ton. Base discounts on steel pipe Pittsburgh special carbon 23.80c; oil-hardening 52 ...... 8.925c 9.675c high carbon-chromium 46.53c. Hot-Rolled Strip: Pittsburgh, Chicago, Gary and Lorain, O.; Gary, Ind., 2 points less on Base, Cleveland, Birmingham, Youngstown, Middle­ lap weld, 1 point less on butt weld. Pittsburgh pnr lh. base only on wrought iron pipe. W Cr. V. Mo. town, 6-in. and narrower: Base, 2.45c; Detroit, 18.00 4 1 72.49c del.. 2.55c; eastern Mich., del., 2.60c; Pacific Butt Weld 58.43c Steel Iron 1.5 4 1 8.5 ports, 3.10c. (Superior Steel Corp. may quote 4 2 3 58.43c 3.30c, Pitts.) In. Blk. Galv. Blk. Galv. 62.22c % ...... 53 3030 % ...... 21 0% 6.40 4.15 1.90 5 Over 6-in.: Base, 2.35c; Detroit, del., 2.45c; 5.50 4.50 4 4.50 75.74c eastern Mich., del., 2.50c; Pacific ports, 3.00c. % & %. . 56 37%37% % ...... 27 7 “ (Superior Steel Corp. may quote 3.20c, P itts.) % ...... 60% 48 1-1% . . . 3 1 13 % ...... 63% 5252 3% ...... 35 15% Stainless Steels Cold-Rolled Strip: Pittsburgh, Cleveland, 1 —■ —* — Youngstown, 0.25 carbon and less, 3.05c; Chi­ 1-3 ...... 65% 54%54% 2 ' .... 34% 15 ' Base, Cents per lb cago, base, 3.15c; Detroit, del., 3.15c; eastern Boiler Tubes: Net base prices per 100 feet CHROMIUM NICKEL STEELS Mich., del., 3.20c; Worcester, base, 3.25c. (Su­ fob Pittsburgh in carload lots, minimum wall, U.R. CR. perior Steel Corp. may quote 4.70c, Pitts.) cut lengths 4 to 24 feet, inclusive. Bars Plates £*hee* s Strip Strip- Cold-Flnlshed Spring Steel: Pittsburgh, Cleve- Lap Weld 302... . 25.96c 29.21c 36 79c 23.93c 30.30C Steel Iron 38.95 f««« ittase* .0*26-0.50 carbon, 3.03c. Add 0.20c 303... . 28.13 31.38 29.21 35.71 lor Worcester. In. Blk. Galv. In. Blk. Galv. 304 . 27.05 31.38 38.96 25.45 32.46 2 ...... 58 46% 3 % . • 20 0% 308... . 31.38 36.79 44 30.84 37.87 Tin, Terne Plate 2%-3 61 49% .. . 25% 7 309... . 38.95 43.28 50.85 40.03 50.85 3%-6 63 51% ...2 7 % 9 52.74 60.59 <0PA ceilinB prices announced March 1, 1916.) 2% 310. .. . 53.02 56.26 57 35 7-8 . 62 49% 2%-3% .. 28% 11% 312... . 38.95 43.28 53.02 Tin l lute: Pittsburgh, Chicago, Gary, 100-lb 9-10 . . . . 61% 49 4 ___ . .. 30% 15 ‘ •316... . 43.28 47.61 51.94 4.T 28 51.94 ase box, $5.25; Granite City, Birmingham, 31.65 41.12 Sparrows Point, S5.35. 11-12 . . . . 60% 48 4%-8 .. . 29% 14 §321. .. . 31.38 36.79 44.36 9-12 . .. . 25% 9 f.347. .. . 35.71 41.12 48 69 35.71 45.44 nwtroljrtle Tin Plate: Pittsburgh, Gary, 100- . 20.56 23.80 31.38 18.94 24.35 lb base box, 0.25 lb tin, S4.60; 0.50 lb tin, —Seamless— -Elec. Weld— 431... O.D. Hot Cold Hot Cold STRAIGHT CHROMIUM STEEL hM o lb tln- s4-9°: Granite City, Btrm- sizes B.W.G. Rolled Drawm Rolled Rolle'd TOham Sparrows Point, $4.70, 54.85, $5.00, 1" ... 13 ...... $9.90 $9.36 $9.65 403. 23.93 26.51 31.92 22.99 29.21 respectively. ••410.. 20.02 23.93 28 67 18.39 23.80 3 %" .. 33 . 11.73 9 63 11.43 25.45 Tin Mm Illack Plate: Pittsburgh. Chicago, 1 % " ... 33 $10.91 12.96 10.63 12.64 416 . 20.56 23.80 29.21 19.75 riiv' ¿ aje 29-stage and lighter, 3.30c: Granite tt4 2 0 .. 25.96 30.84 36 25 25.70 39.49 3 % " ... 33 32.41 14.75 12.10 34.37 18.94 24.35 m I' B1™lnisham, Sparrows Point, 3.40c; Pa­ 2" . . . 13 33.90 16.52 13.53 36.19 430 20.56 23.80 31.38 cific pcrts, boxed, 4.30c. 2 % ," .. 33 35.50 18.42 15.06 1S.03 1Î430F 21.10 24.35 31.92 20.29 26.51 7i n,f.,Tprn,es,: Pittsburgh, Chicago, Gary, No. 440A 25.96 30.84 36.25 25.70 39.49 2 % " ... 12 17.07 20.28 16.57 19.83 34.62 "w. , , 4 °3c: Pacific ports, 4.80c. 2 % " ... 12 18.70 22.21 38.11 21.68 4^2 . 24.35 27.59 35.17 25.96 hrnS Ternes 5: Pittsburgh, Chicago, higher. Class A pipe, $3 a ton over class B. 446...... 19.48 20.56 ...... SMrrmv. . Birmingham, Youngstown, Rails, Supplies Ve\? V nJ 'P1, G°atcs\'ille, Claymont, 2.50c; • With 2-3% molybdenum. § With titanium, Standard rails, over 60-lb, fob mill, net ton, f With columbium. ** Plus machining agent 2.71c; Phiia., del., 2.558c; $43.40. Light rails (billet), Pittsburgh, Chicago, »its r'i, Boston, del., 2.86c; Pacific Birmingham, net ton, $49.18. ft High carbon, i t Free machining. Gulf ports, 2.85c. Relaying rails, 35 lb and over, fob railroad piatp. o (.¿ 'X Steel Co. may quote carbon and basing points, $31-$33. Metallurgical Coke Provo T^wi0boD RC- mi": Geneva Steel Co.. Supplies: T^-ack bolts, 6.50c; heat treated, Price Per Net Ton Iron r ^/ab’ 2.20c fob Pac. ports; Centrai 6.75c. Tie plates $51 net ton, base. Standard rS0- Harrisburg, Pa„ 2.80c, bas- spikes, 3.65c. Beehive Oven» points, Lukens Steel Co., Coatcsvilie, Pa., Connellsvilie, furnace ...... $7.ñn Z6fr' i ' 'Yorth stccl Co., Claymont, Del., Bolts, Nuts Connellsville, foundry ...... 8. 50- 8.75 tvckHi r 6’ o - ’1 ' Vooc! Steel Co., Consho- Fob Pittsburgh, Cleveland, Birmingham. Chi­ New River, foundry ...... 8 00- 9.25 Ki™ ;„Fa" Z75c base.) cago. Additional discounts: 5 for carloads; 10 Wise county, foundry ...... 7 75- 8.25 Cific rDoVta.teSi: PiUsbur*h. Chicago. 3.75c; Pa- for full containers, except tire, step and plow' Wise county, furnace ...... 7 25- 7.75 o i n l . 4'4? ; Gu,t POfts, 4.10c. bolts. By-Product Foundry cago p“ '1 .'boy Plates: Pittsburgh, Cht- (Ceiling prices advanced 12 per cent, effective 14.40 July 27, 1946; discounts remain unchanged.) Kearney, N. J., ovens ...... w“ e49c3'787C: GUlf P°rtS’ 4'273C: Chicago, outside delivered ...... 14.35 Carriage and Machine rhicaKo, delivered ...... 15.10 Wckel-clad* Co!>tesville. 1055 cladding: % x 6 and smaller...... 65% off Terre Haute, delivered ...... 14.85 clad. 24 96c C: mconel"clad> 26.00c; monel- Do., V* and % x 6-in. and shorter.. 63% off Milwaukee, ovens ...... 15.10 Do., *4 to 1 x 6-in. and shorter .... 61 off New England, delivered ...... 16.00- S hapes 1% and larger, all lengths...... 59 off S>, Louis, delivered ...... 115.10 All diameters, over 6-in. long...... 59 off Birmingham, delivered ...... 12.25 Tire bolts ...... 50 off 14.85 Birmto-mhlDie!i,: Pittsburgh, Chicago, Gary, Indianapolis, delivered ...... York dei nBuffalo, Bethlehem, 2.35c; New Step bolts ...... 56 off Cincinnati, delivered ...... 14.60 Plow' bolts ...... 65 off Cleveland, delivered...... 14.55 Potts 3(VV.. Phi,a-. del., 2.48c; Pacific 14.75* 'Phoeniv r Gulf ports- 2.70c. Stove Bolt» Buffalo delivered ...... In packages, nuts separate, 71-10 off, nuts Detroit, delivered ...... 15.10 'Mote the ,c° - Bhoenixville, Pa., may 14.63 08 the seni-M nt ot 2 60c’ Bethlehem, Pa., attached, 71 off; bulk, 80 off on 15,000 of Philadelphia, delivered ...... channekeharmels ifrnm S /J? aflge * 6 anci and 2*70<2.70c on beams and 3-in. and shorter, or 5000 over 3 in., nuts Sleelei Piling?nntli I.1» t>.t0 10 ^ches.)inches.) separate. tl5.6S from other than Ala., Mo., Tenn. Buffalo, Nuts ^ Paclfc Chica80’ Semifinished hex U.S.S. S.A.E. Coke By-Products T7R-in. and smaller ...... 6-1 Spot, gal, freight allowed east of Omaha wlrt and Wirc Products %-in. and smaller ...... 62 15.00c % -in.-l-in...... 60 Pure and 90% benzol ...... in?ham *-hlcaso, Cleveland and Birm- Toluol, two degree ...... 22.00c "!re to v* ?° Panels) ■ft-in.-1-in...... 59 Industrial xylol ...... 22.00c l%-in.-l%-In...... 57 58 Per pound fob works b-isht W nu'aclt"r" 'i ln varioads 1%-in. and larger...... 56 s»ring rRf e emf r ...... *33.05 Phenol (car lots, returnable drums)----- 11.25c "ir, iv,ii ,Birmingham) ...... *S4.00 Additional discount of 10 for full kegs. Do., less than carlots ...... 12.00c Nail, to T r a d e Hexagon Cap Screws Do., tank cars ...... 10.25c Upset 1-in., smaller ...... 64 off Eastern plants, per pound G?ivanized cement-coated...... 4S3.75 Milled 1-in., smaller ...... • • 60 off Naphthalene flakes, balls, bbl, to job­ Sauare Head Set Screws bers, “household use" ...... 9.00c An^4i^erthant' Quality...... l$3,4° Upset 1-in. and smaller ...... 71 off Per ton, bulk, fob plants Galvanised...... 5S3.50 Headless, %-in. and larger...... 60 off ...... §$3.85 No. 10 and sm aller...... 70 off Sulphate of ammonia...... $30.00

Au?wt 19, i946 169 WAREHOUSE STEEL PRICES

Base delivered price, cents per pound, for delivery within switching limits, subject to established extras. Quotations based on mill prices announced March 1. 1946

.5 1 O o rr* 05 “ S c w w T3**" ria> OCO'C' 7 S « a w o 5 S ■? s a 2 S O > g § .2 “ A 1 > e > Ü o s s - s g « 2 $ O C5 W'-'S à S - J - 3 o l , O Boston ...... 4.3561 4.203* 4.203* 6.039» 4.050* 5.548» 4.418* 5.725»* 5.031»* 4.656** 4.965 New York ...... -4.134» 4.038* 4.049* 5.875* 3.856* 4.375* 4.275* 5.501»» 4.838» 4.584** 5.075 Jersey City ...... 4.155' 4.018* 4.049» 5.875* 3.856* 4.375* 4.275* 5.501»» 4.890» 4.605« 5.075 Philadelphia ...... 4.114' 3.937* 3.875» 5.564’ 3.774* 4.664* 4.554* 5.499»= 5.139» 4.564** 5.004 Baltimore ...... 4.093* 4.05* 3.865* 5.543* 3.64» 4.293» 4.193» 5.365*’ 5.118a 4.543’* Washington ...... 4.2321 4 22' 4.067* 5.632* 3.842» 4.432* 4.332» 5.667» 5.007» 4.532** Norfolk, Va...... 4.377» 4.303* 4.262* 5.777* 4.037* 4.927* 4.477* 5.862» 4.552« 4.677** Bethlehem, Pa.° ...... 3.70* Claymont, Del.'’ ...... 3.70*' ...... Coatesville, Pa.» ...... 3.70* ...... Buffalo (city) . . 3.6Ö1 3.65* 3.92» 5.55» 3.575» 4.21» 4.11* 5.20»= 4.625*“ 4.20=* 4.96 Buffalo (country) . 3.50’ 3.55* 3.55* 5.15* 3.475» 3.85* 3.750» 5.10*= 4.525*“ 4.10** 4.60 Pittsburgh (city) . . 3.60* 3.65* 3.65» 5.25* 3.575* 3.35» 3.850* 5.327»» 4.625« 4.20** 4.70 Pittsburgh (countrv) 3.50’ 3.55* 3.55* , 5.15* 3.475» 3.85» 3.750» 5.10*» 4.525** 4.10" 4.60 Cleveland (city) . . 3.GO1 3.88* 3.65* 5.48* 3.575* 3.95» 3.850* 5.347*» 4.625« 4.20’* 4.70 Cleveland (country) 3.501 3.55* 3.475» 3.85* 3.750» 4.525» 4.10" 4.60 Detroit ...... 3.701 3.952* 3.90* 5.572» 3.675* 4.050’ 3.950» 5.491»» 4.725» 4.25" 4.95 Omaha (city, del.) 4,32* 4.37’ 4.37* 5.97» 4.045» 4.52* 4.42* 6.00*= 5.72« 4.945" Omaha (country) . 4.22’ 4.27* 4.27* 5.87» 3.945* 4.42* 4.32» • 5.90*= Cincinnati ...... 3.9021 3.9S3* 3.952* 5.583* 3.671» 4.046» 3.946» 5.296»= 4.271« 4.602" Youngstown*’ ...... 4.85» Middletown, 0.° ...... 3.475» ŚIŚ5* 3.75Ó» 5.10»“ Chicago (city) . . . 3.75’ 3.80* 3.SÓ»' 5)46»' 3.475* 3.95» 3.850* J5.40*5 4.425« 4.20** 4.90 Milwaukee ...... 3.908’ 3.958* 3.958* 4.358" 5.058 5.558* 3.633* 4.108* 4.008* 15.558» 4.583« 5.030 Indianapolis ...... 3.831 3.88* 3.88* 5.48» 3.743» 4.118* 4.018» 5.368»= 4.793» 4.43" St. Paul ...... 4.092* 4.142* 4.852** 5.393 4.142* 5.742* 3.817* 4.292» 4.192» 5.666*= 4.767« 5.222 St. Louis ...... 3.918* 3.968* 3.968* 5.568* 3.643» 4.118* 4.018» 5.622*= 4.593« 4.522« Memphis, Tenn. . . 4.296* 4.821« 4.346* 4.346* 6.071» 4.221* 4.596» 4.496= 5.746*= 5465 Birmingham - . . . . 3.75* 3.80* 3.80» 6.153* 3.675» 4.05* 4.05» 5.20*= 5.077» 4.99" New Orleans (city) 4.358* 4.408* 4.408» 6.329» 4,283» 4.658* 5.808»* 5.304» 5.079" Houston, Tex 4.00s 4.50* 4.50* 5.75* y 3.988» 4.668* 4.563“ 5.763» 5.819»” 4.10" Los Angeles ...... 4.65* 6.033** 5.863 4.90* 5.20* 7.45* 5.225* 5.30'* 5.200* 6.55*» 7.425“ 7.583 San Francisco •....■ 4.20* 4.15* 4.15* 5.85* 4.125» 5.85» 4.50» 6.35*= 6.875*= 5.783« Portland, Oreg. . . 4.70** 4.70*** 5.00» 6.75» 4.875» 6.65*’ 5.000» 6.20» 6.825»= 5.983« Tacoma, Wash, . . 4.60° 4.70“ 5.00« 6.75“ 4; 87“ 5.80“ 4.60° 6.40*= 6.55*= 6.23** Seattle ...... 4.60“ 4.70“ 5.00“ 6.75« 4.87» 5.80“ 4.60“ 6.40*= 6.55*= 6.23"

“Basing point cities with quotations representing mill prices, plus warehouse spread; topen market price.

bundles ; BASE QUANTITIES to 1499 poundss; «*—one bundle to 1499 pounds; -one to nine b**i ’ *—400 to 1999 pounds; *—400 to 14,999 pounds; 3—any quantity; " — one to six bundles; *’-1 0 0 Jo *—300 to 1989 pounds; 5—400 to 8999 pounds; “—300 to 9999 pounds; =*—1500 to 39,999 pounds; »—1500 to 1999 Pbun*“\ 0oq„unds; *—400 to 39,999 pounds; s—under 2000 pounds; 9—under 4000 pounds; 39,999 pounds; »— 400 to 1499 pounds; =»—1000 to 1999 P0“ *°—500 to 1499 pounds; **-—one bundle to 39,999 pounds; **—150 to 20—under 25 bundles. Cold-rolled strip, 2000 to 39,999 poun , 2249 pounds; **—150 to 1499 pounds; 14—three to 24 bundles; "*—450 z7—300 to 4999 pounds.

Indian and African Rhodesian ORES Utah, and Pueblo. Colo.,J lc rP ^ 48% 2.8:1 ...... $39.75 45% no ratio ...... $28.30 Lake Superior Iron Ore include duty on 48% 3:1 ...... 41.00 48% no" ratio ...... 31.00 are subject to established P Gross ton, 51M:% (Natural) 48% no ratio ...... 31.00 48% 3:1 lump ...... 41.00 penalties and other provUdjns^ Lower Lake Ports at basing points South African (Transvaal) Domestic (seller’s nearest rail) polnts of discharge of ^portedi Old range bessemer ...... 55.45 MesabI nonbessemer ...... 5.05 44% no ratio ...... $27.40 48% 3:1 ...... $43.50 gañese ore Is fob & less $7 freight allowance. dock most favorable to con- High phosphorus ...... 5.05 45% no ratio ...... 28.30 Outside s h ip m e n ts direct t MesabI bessemer ...... 5.20 48% no ratio ...... 31.00 Manganese Ore sumers a t 15c to 17c per unit Old range nonbessemer ...... 5.30 50% no ratio ...... 32.80 than Metal Reserve prices. Sales prices of Office of* Metals Re­ Eastern Local Ore Brazi 1 i an—nominal serve, cents per gross ton unit, dry, Molybdenum Cents, units, del. E. Pa. 48%, at New York, Philadelphia, 44% 2.5:1 lump ...... $33.65 Baltimore, Norfolk, Mobile and New Sulphide conc., lb., Mo. cont- ¡ü’!j Foundry and basic 56- 48% 3:1 lump ...... 43.50 Orleans, 85c; Fontana, Calif., Provo, mines ...... 63% contract ...... 18.00 Foreign Ore Cents per unit, cif Atlantic ports M anganiferous ore, 45- NATIONAL EMERGENCY STEELS (Hot Rolled) 55% Fe., 6-10% Mn.. Norn. N. African low phos. . .. Nom. Basic open-hearth Electric fun»“« Swedish basic, 60 to 68% Nom. (Extras for alloy content) Spanish, N. African ba­ sic. 50 to 6 0 % ...... Nom. Bars Brazil iron ore, 68-69% -Chemical Composition Limits, Per Cent— Bars Billed fob Rio de Janeiro 7,50-8.00 Desig­ perol nation Carbon Mn Si Cr Ni Mo a t 3 » # • . , Tungsten Ore NE 9415 ...... 13-.18 .80-1.10 .20-.35 .30-.50 .30-60 .08-15 $0.812 $16.230 $1-353 27.050 Chinese Wolframite, per .812 16.230 l-o**3 short ton unit, duty NE 9425 ...... 23-.2S .80-1.20 ■20-.35 .30-.50 .30—60 .OS-15 1.407 2S.132 .S66 17.312 paid ...... $24.00 NE 9442 ...... 40-.45 1.00-1.30 .20-.35 ■30-.50 .30—60 .08-15 1.244 24.886 .703 14.066 NE 9722 ...... 20-25 •50-.S0 .20-.35 .10-25 .40-70 .15-25 1.677 33.542 Chrome Ore 1.298 25.968 NE 9912 ...... 10-.15 •50-.70 ■20-.35 ■40-.60 1.00-1.30 .20—30 1.677 33.542 Gross ton fob cars, New York, Phila­ ,20-30 1.29S 25.96S delphia, Baltimore, Charleston, NE 9920 ...... 1S-.23 .50-.70 .20-.35 .40-.60 1.00-1.30 S. C., Portland, Oreg., or Tacoma, Wash. ( S S paying for discharge; dry Extras are in addition to a base price of 2.921c, per pound on finished products and prices basis, subject to penalties if guar­ on semifinished steel major basing points and are in cents per pound and dollars per gross antees are not met.) on vanadium alloy. / teel 170 MARKET PRICES

Pig iron High Silicon, Silvery Refractories 6.00-6.50 per cent (base) ....$34.00 u S d J n l v » Sojr iT ? ss ton ta e d b7 OPA schedule No. 10, last 6.51-7.00. .$35.00 9.01- 9.50 . 40.00 P e r 1000, fob shipping point. contracts ! , ncrS se be charged on adjustable pricing 7.01-7.50.. 36.00 XrtI f ÏÏÎtSJÎ ,May 29 and July 27. Delivered prices do not 9.51-10.00. 41.00 N e t p r ic e s include 3 per cent federal tax, effective Dec. 1, 1942. 7.51-8.00. . 37.00 10.01-10.50 . 42.00 8.01-8.50. . 38.00 10.51-11.00 . 43.00 Fire Clay Brick No. 2 Mal­ 8.51-9.00.. 39.00 11.01-11.50 . 44.00 Foundry Basic Bessemer leable Fob Jackson county, O., per gross S u p e r D u t y Bethlehem, Pa.. base ...... $29.50 ton; Buffalo base $1.25 higher. Pa., Mo., Ky ...... $ 7 6 .0 6 $29.00 $30.00 Buyer may use whichever base Is Newark, N. J., del *31 20 30.70 High Heat Duty Brooklyn, N. y del 32* 28 31.70 more favorable. 32.78 P a . , 111., Md„ Mo., Ky 60.40 Birmingham,Blmu’T ' P°k base b a.... S e ' ■ ' 9429-50 as 29.00 30lo0 Electric Furnace Ferroslllcon: Si A la ., G a ...... 6 0 .4 0 Baltimore, del...... v) 99 23.50 14.01 to 14.50%, 550 Jackson co.; N . J...... 6 5 .9 0 Boston, d e l...... 29*fiR each additional 0.50% silicon up to Chicago, del...... | ]...... 28 72 and Including 18% add 51; low lm- Intermediate Heat Duty purities not exceeding 0.005 P, 0.40 Cincinnati, del. .... 99 cli 28.06 O h io ...... 5 2 .9 5 Cleveland, del...... 28 62 SI, 1.0% C, add $1. P a . , 111., Md„ Mo., Ky ...... 5 4 .8 0 Newark, N. J ...... on go 27.74 A l a .. G a ...... 4 9 .1 5 Bessemer Ferroslllcon Philadelphia, del " 30I05 29.55 N . J ...... 5 7 .6 5 St. Louis, del...... 28 6° 29.54 *"** Prices same as for high silicon sll- Low Heat Duty Buffalo, base...... *>8* *50 27.50 29166 very Iron, plus $1 per gross ton. Boston, del...... 30 06 29.56 Pa., Md., Ohio ...... 4 8 .0 0 Rochester, del...... 30 03 §>;» Charcoal Pig Iron Syracuse, del...... 30 58 Mnllcablo Bung Brick Chicago, base ...... ;;** S o 'S 31.08 Semi-cold blast, low phosphorus. Milwaukee, del. .. 90 70 28.00 28.50 Fob furnace, Lyles, Tenn., $33.00. A ll b a s e s ...... 7 0 .4 5 29.23 Son* (For higher silicon Irons a dlffer- « Â T b T 1- dei: '; : ; : : g-g ofl entlal °ver and above the price of Ladle Brick 28.00 28.50 base grade Is charged as well as Æ Â 10"’ deI !°8:% 29.54 for the hard chilling Iron, Nos. 5 (Pa.. O., W. Va.. Mo.) 28-00 «¿O.DU nnf$ a \ D r y P r e s s ...... 3 6 .4 5 Ä " abiseMICh" deI 34 8nk 30.31 30.81 W i r e C u t ...... 3 4 .1 5 st. Paul, dei: ' ...... §?-Sg 28.50 29.00 G w Forge 30.63 Silica Brick b a s e :::::::: » 5 0 28.00 21-35 Neville Island, P a...... $28.00 n™!*’ Sla8,'> ¿ u s e ...... 29.50 gg;““ Valley base ...... 28.00 Pennsylvania ...... 6 0 .4 0 Boston, del ...... on nr? 29.00 29.56 Joliet, E. Chicago ...... 6 9 .3 0 2g |o Low Phosphorus 11St. Louis,Tr»City* deli 11,*» base •••••••• oQ 28.50 ryr 28.00 Birmingham, Ala ...... 6 0 .4 0 Hamilton, o., b a s e * 28 50 28.50 29^00 Basing points: Blrdsboro, Pa., Steel- Cincinnati, del...... ¿¿'là 28.00 28.50 ton, Pa., and Buffalo, N. Y., $34.00 M a g n e s lt« 29.18 29.68 base; 335.38, del., Philadelphia. In- WttstanSh' I t ’ base ■■•••• 28-50 28.00 28.50 termediate phosphorus, Central Fur- Domestic dead-burned grain*, net 28.77 ¿™'°,Provo Utali, V base •’ . N'&S- . . sldes or29 *¡027 29.27 nace, Cleveland, $31.00. ton, fob Chewelah, W ash. 26.00 B u lk ...... 2 2 .0 0 ««BhvIIIb, Pa., base ... »io 28.00 29.00 28.50 Differentials B a g s ...... 2 8 .0 0 • » » J r . Point, base . 29 50 29.00 ■ Baltimore, del in'àn Basing point prices are subject to Ä n’Pa- baie 3060 following differentials: Basic Brick wedeïand, pa., b a s e ‘ 29 50 29.00 29.00 an aii'm Silicon: An additional charge not to Net ton, fob Baltimore, Plymouth Tn?ü lph,a* del...... * 30 43 29.93 30 93 exceed 50 cents a ton for each 0.25 Meeting, Chester, Pa. Toledo, o., b a s e . . . . . S ’50 28.00 29.00 28 50 Per cent silicon in excess of base oungstown, o., base . . 28 50 28.00 29 00 28*50 (trade (1.75% to 2.25%). Chrome brick ...... Mansfleid, o., d e i . g g 30.16 gn'gg Phosphorus: A reduction of 38 cents Chem. bonded chrom e ...... 5 4 .0 0 ’ a ton for phosphorus content of 0.70 M agnesite brick ...... 7 6 .0 0 . T N per cent and over. Chem. bonded magnesite 65.00 UvtrencS Rom»« b/ sa add: 61c for McKees Rocks, Pa.; 93c Manganese: An additional charge We (vraterv I.™ i ?d> McKeesport, Ambridge, Monaco, Allqulppa; not to exceed 50 cents a ton for each , Monongahela; $1.24, Oakmont, Verona; $1.38, Brackenrldge °-50 per cent> or P°rtl°n thereof, Fluorspar ExcenMn„. . , manganese in excess of 1%. may chare» V?ab°ve prices: Struthers Iron & Steel Co., Struthers. O.. Nickel: An additional charge for Metallurgical grade, fob s h ip p in g foundry w u 1. a ton ln excess of basing point prices for No 2 nickel content as follows: Under point ln 111., Ky., net ton, c a r l o a d s , Way quote so « *$esKn!.er ond ma»eable pig Iron. Republic Steel Corp. 0.50%, no extra; 0.50% to 0.74%, effective CaF» content, 70% o r m o re , ham base ^ a ton higher for foundry and basic pig Iron on the Binning- Inclusive, $2 a ton; for each addl­ $33; 65% to 70%, $32 : 60% t o 65%, es ’ tlonal 0-25% nickel, $1 a ton. $31; less than 60%, $30. Ferroalloy Prices gross'1 |lIIn: n 1,9'21% carlot per lots $1.23; less-ton lots $1.25; east­ Ferro-Boron: (B 17.50% min., SI less than ton 16.75c: central zone, p,.. . f°n* Palmerton, Pa S36- ern. Spot up 5c per lb. 1.50% max., A1 0.50% max. and C add 0.40c for c.l. and 0.65c for 17rrrmian S40-50; Chicago, ' $40.60.' Ferro titanium: 20-25%, 0.10 maxi­ 0.50% max.) per lb of alloy con­ smaller lots; western zone, add 0.5c cl. gross ton*S

Chromium-Copper: (Cr 8-11%, Cu central zone, add 0.25c for c.l. and IJorosil: 3 to 4% B, 40 to 45% Si, 4-6%, Si 13.50-16.00%, Zr 0.75- 88-90%, Fe 1% max., Si 0.50% lc for ton lots; western, add 0.55c $6.25 lb, contained B, fob Philo, O., I.25%, C 3.50-5.00%) per lb of max.) contract, any quantity, 45c, for c.l. and 0.20c for ton lots. Fer- freight not exceeding St. Louis rate alloy. Contract,-carlots, bulk, 10.75c, eastern, Niagara Falls, N. Y., basis, rosllicon, weighing about 5 lb. and allowed. packed 11.25c, ton lots 11.75c, less freight allowed to destination, ex­ containing exactly 2 lb. Si, or about Bortam: B 1.5-1.9%, ton lots, 45c 12.25c, eastern, freight allowed; cept to points taking rate in excess 214 lb. and containing exactly 1 lb. lb; less-ton lots, 50c lb. II.25c, 11.75c, 12.50c and 13.00c, of St. Louis rate to which equivalent Si, packed, eastern zone, c.l. 3.90c, Carbortam: B 0.90 to 1.15% net ton central; 13.25c and 13.75c, 14.50car.d of St. Louis rate will be allowed; ton lots 4.15c, less ton lots 4.45c; to carload, 8c per lb fob Suspension 15.00c, western; spot up 0.25c. spot up 2c. central zone, add 0.15c for c.l. and Bridge, N. Y., freight allowed same Zirconium Alloy: Zr 12-15%, per lb Calcium metal; cast: Contract ton 0.40c for smaller lots; western zone, as high-carbon ferrotitanlum. of alloy, eastern contract, carlots, lots or more $1.35, less, $1.60, add 0.30c for c.l. and 0.45c for Sillcaz Alloy: (Si 35-40%, Ca 9-11%, bulk, 4.60c, packed 4.80c, ton lots pound of metal; $1.36 and $1.61 smaller lots. Prices are fob ship­ A1 5-7%, Zr 5-7%, Ti 9-11% and B 4.80c, less tons 5c, carloads, bulk, central, $1.40 and $1.65, western; ping point, freight allowed; spot 0.55-0.75%), per lb of alloy con­ per gross ton $102.50; packed spot up 5c. prices 0.25c higher. Deduct 0.30c tract, carlots 25.00c, ton lots 26.00c, $107.50; ton lots $108; less-ton lots Calcium-Manganese-SUlcon: (Ca 16- for bulk carlots. less ton lots 27.00c, eastern, freight $112.50. Spot up $5 per ton. 20%, Mn 14-18% and Si 53-59%), Manganese Metal: (Min. 96% Mn, allowed, 25 5nc. 2fi.75c and 27.75c, Zirconium Alloy: Zr 35-40%, eastern, per lb. of alloy. Contract, carlots, max. 2% Fe), per lb of metal, east­ central; 27.50c, 28.90c and 29.90c, contract basis, carloads in bulk or 15.50c, ton lots 16.50c and less ern zone, bulk, c.l., 30c, 2000 lb to western; spot up 0.25c. package, per lb of alloy 14.00c; 17.00c, eastern, freight allowed; c.l., 32c, central, 30.25c, and 33c; Sllvaz Alloy: (Si 35-40%, Va 9-11%, gross ton lots 15.00c; less-ton lots 16.00c, 17.35c, and 17.85c, central; western, 30.55c and 35.05c. A1 5-7%, Zr 5-7%, TI 9-11% and 16.00c. Spot up J/4c. 18.05c, 19.10c and 19.60c western; Electrolytic Manganese: 99.9% plus, B 0.55-0.75%), per lb of alloy. Con­ Alslfer: (Approx. 20% Al, 40% Si, spot up 0.25c. fob Knoxville, Tenn., freight al­ tract, carlots 58.00c, ton lots 59.00c, 40% Fe) contract basis fob Niagara Calcium - Silicon: (Ca 30-35%, SI lowed east of Mississippi on 250 lb less 60.00c, eastern freight allowed; Falls, N. Y., lump per lb 5.88c; ton 60-65% and Fe 3.00% max.), per or more: Carlots 32c, ton lots 34c, 58.50c, 59.75c and 60.75c, central; lots 6.38c; less 6.88c. Spot up %c. lb. of alloy. Contract, carlots, lump drum lots 36c, less than drum lot 60.50c, 61.90c and 62.90c, western; Slminal: (Approx. 20% each Si, 13.00c, ton lots 14.50c, less 15.50c 38c. Add l% c for hydrogen-removed spot up 0.25c. Mn, Al) Contract, freight not ex­ eastern, freight allowed; 13.50c, metal. ceeding St. Louis rate allowed, per 15.25c and 16.25c, central; 15.55c, Manganese-Boron: (Mn 75% approx., SMZ Alloy: (Si 60-55%, Mn 5-7%, lb alloy; carlots 8c; ton lots 8.75c; 17.40c and 18.40c, western; spot up B 15-20%, Fe 5% max., Si 1-50% Zr 5-7% and Fe approx. 20% (per lb less-ton lots 9.25c. 0.25c. max. and C 3% m ax.) per lb of of alloy contract carlots 11.50c, ton Tungsten Metal Powder: Spot, not Silicon Metal; Min. 97% SI and alloy. Contract ton lots, $1.89, less lots 12.00c, less 12.50c, eastern zone, less than 97%, $2.50-$2.60; freight max. 1% Fe, eastern zone, bulk, $2.01, eastern; freight allowed; freight allowed; 12.00c, 12.85c and 13.35c central zone; 14.05c, 14.60c allowed as far west as St. Louis. c.l„ 12.90c; 2000 lb to c.l., 13.45c; $1.903 and $2.023, central, $1.935 Gralnal: Vanadium Grainal No. 1 central, 13.20c and 13.90c; western, and $2.055 western; spot up 5c. and 15.10c, western; spot up 0.25c. CMSZ Alloy 4: (Cr 45-49%, Mn S7.5c: No. 6. 60c: No. 79, 45c; a* 13.85c and 16.80c; min. 96% SI Nlckel-Boron: (B 15-18%, A1 1% fob Bridgeville, Pa., usual freight and max. 2% Fe, eastern, bulk; max., Si 1.50% max., C 0.50% 4-6%, Si 18-21%, Zr 1.25-1.75% and c.l., 12.50c, 2000 lb to c.l., 13.10c; max., Fe 3% max., Nl, balance), C 3.00-4.50%). Contract carlots, allowance. central, 12.80c and 13.55c; western, per lb of alloy. Contract, 5 tons or bulk, 11.00c and packed 11.50c; ton Vanadium Pentoxide, technical 13.45c and 16.50c, fob shipping point, more, $1.90, 1 ton to 8 ton, $2.00, lots 12.00c; less 12.50c, eastern, grade: Fused, approx. 89-92% freight allowed. Price per lb con­ less than ton $2.10, eastern, freight freight allowed; 11.50c and 12.00c, and 5.84% NAX>; or air dried, 83- tained Si. allow ed ; $1.9125, $2.0125 and 12.75c, 13.25c, central; 13.50c and 85% V.,Or, and 5.15% NA«0, $L10 Slilcomangane.se, containing exactly $2.1125, central: $1.9445, $2.0445 14.00c, 14.75c, 15.25c, western; spot per lb contained V«0... fob P*aatj 2 lb. Mn and about y> lb. Si, eastern and $2.1445, western: spot same as up 0.25c. freight allowed on quantities of zone, bulk, c.l. 5.800," ton lots 6.35c; contract. CMSZ Alloy r,: (Cr 50-56%, Mn lb and over to St. Louis.

OPEN MARKET PRICES, IRON AND STEEL SCRAP

Following prices are quotations developed by editors of Steel in the various centers. Quotations are on gross tons. 19.50 street Car Axles ...... 24.50 PHILADELPHIA: No. 1 B u shellng 19.25 No. 2 Heavy Melt. Steel 21.50 (Delivered consumer’s plant) Machine Turnings ...... 14.25 No. 1 Comp. Bundles . . 19.50 Steel Rails, 3 ft...... 21.00 No. 1 Heavy Melt. Steel $18.75 Short Shovel T urnings.. 36 25 No. 2 Comp. Bundles .. 39.50 Steel Angle Bars ...... 20.00 No. 2 Heavy Melt. Steel 18.75 Mixed Borings, T u rn ... 14.25 Machine Turnings ...... 30-50 ■13.00 f a s t Iron Wher’« ---- 20.00 No. 2 Bundles ...... 18.75 Cast Iron Borings ...... 15.25 Shoveling Turnings .... 32.50- 33.00 No. 1 Cupola Cast---- 19.00 No. 3 Bundles ...... 16.75 No. 1 Cast ...... 20.00 Cast Iron Borings...... 33.50- •12.00 Charging Box Cast.... 22.00 Mixed Borings, Turnings 13.75 Low Phos...... 21.75 Mixed Borings, Turnings 10.50 ■33.00 n ailroad Malleable ---- 16.50 Machine Shop Turnings 13.75 PITTSBURGH: No. 1 Cupola C a s t...... 20.00 Breakable Cast ...... 19.00 Billet, Forge Crops .... 23.75 (Delivered consumers’ plant) Breakable Cast ...... 36.50 S'nve Plate ...... 15.25 Bar Crops, Plate Scrap 21.25 Railroad Heavy Melting $21.00 Low Phosphorus ...... 21.00-■22.00 Grate Bars ...... 15.25 Cast Steel ...... 21.25 No. 1 Heavy Melt. Steel 20.00 Scrap Ralls ...... 20.50-•21.00 Brake Shoes ...... Punchings ...... 21.25 No. 2 Heavy Melt. Steel 20.00 Stove Plate ...... 18.50- 39.00 BIRMINGHAM: No. 1 Comp. B undles... 20.00 < Delivered consumer s plant) Elec. Furnace Bundles.. 19.75 DETROIT: 522.50 Heavy Turnings 18.25 No. 2 Comp. Bundles. .. 20.00 Billet Forge Crops ... 19.00 Short Shovel Turnings. . 17.00 (Delivered consumer’s plant) Structural. Plate Scrap Cast Grades Heavy Melting Steel .. . $17.32 18.50 (Fob Shipping Point) Mach. Shop Turnings. . 15.00 No. 3 Bushellng ...... 37.32 Scrap Rails Random .. 20.50 Heavy Breakable Cast. . 16.50 Mixed Borings. Turnings 15.00 Perolling Rails ...... 20.50 No. 1 Cupola Cast .... 20.00 Hydraulic B u n d les 17.32 Charging Box Cast 19.00 6 Flashings ...... 17.32 Angle Splice Bars ...... 24.00 Cupola Cast ...... 20.00 Heavy Breakable Cast. °16.50 Solid Steel Axles ...... 20.00 Cast Iron Borings .... 16.00 Machine Turnings 12.32 Unstripped Motor Blocks 17.50 Short Shovel, Turnings. 14.32 Cupola Cast ...... 19.00 Malleable ...... 22.00 Billet, Bloom Crops 25.00 Stove Plate ...... 11.00 Sheet Bar Crops ...... 22.50 Cast Iron Borings ...... 13.32 Long Turnings ...... Chemical Borings ...... 16.51 Low Phos. Plate 19.82 13.00 Plate Scrap, Punchings 22.50 Cast Tron Borings ...... 20.00 NEW YORK: Railroad Specialties . .. 24.50 No. 1 C a s t ...... 20.00 Iron Car Wheels ...... (Dealers’ buying prices) Scrap Rail ...... 21.50 Heavy Breakable Cast.. 16.50 No. 1 Heavy Melt. Steel $15.33 LOS ANGELES: n Axles ...... 26.00 CHICAGO: (Delivered consumer s PlanJ'4(X) No. 2 Heavy Melt. Steel 15.33 Rail 3 ft. and under . 23.50 (Delivered consumer’s plant; cast No. 1 Heavy Melt. Stee No. 2 Hyd. Bundles ... 15.33 Railroad Malleable 22.00 grades fob shipping point; railroad No. 3 Hyd. Bundles ... 13.33 0 Shipping point. ‘ No. 2 Heavy Melt. Steel Woo Chemical Borings ...... 14.33 grades fob tracks) No. 1, 2 Dir. Bundles.. i“ 50 CLEVELAND: No. 1 R.R. Heavy Melt. $19.75 Machine Turnlnits .'jg Machine Turnings 10.33 No. 1 Heavy Melt. Steel 38.75 Mixed Borings, Turnings 10.33 (Delivered consumer’s plant) Mixed Borings, Turnings ^ No. 1 Heavy Melt. Steel $19.50 No. 2 Heavy Melt. Steel 18.75 No. 1 Cast ...... No. 1 Cupola ...... 20.00 No. 2 Heavy Melt. Steel 19.50 No. 1 Ind. Bundles .... 18.75 Charging Box ...... 19.00 No. 1 Comp. Bundles .. 19.50 No. 2 Dir. Bundles ... 38.75 SAN FRANCISCO: Heavy Breakable 16.50 No. 2 Comp Bundles .. 19.50 Baled Mach. Shop Turn. 18.75 ( Delivered consumer s Unstripped Motor Blocks 17.50 No. 3 Galv. Bundles . . 16.75 No. 1 Heavy Melt. Stee Stove Plate ...... 19.00 No. 1 Bushellng ...... 19.50 17.00 Mach. Shop Turnings .. 14.50 Machine Turnings ...... 13.75 No. 2 Heavy Melt. Steel 17.00 BOSTON: Short Shovel Turnings . 16.50 Mix. Borings, Sht. Turn. 13.7575 No. 1 Bushellng 17.00 (Fob shipping points. Boston differ­ Mixed Borings, Turnings 14.50 Short Shovel Turnings.. 15.75 No, 1, No. 2 Bundles . • 9.00 ential 99c higher, steelmaking No. 1 Cupola Cast ___ 20.00 Cast Iron Borings ...... 14.75 No. 3 Bundles ...... 7.00 grades; Providence. $1.09 higher) Heavy Breakable Cast. . 16.50 Scrap R ails ...... 20.25 Machine Turnings ...... 15.50 No. 1 Heavy Melt. Steel $14.06 Cast Iron Borings 13.50-14.00 Cut Rails. 3 feet ...... 22.25 Billet. Forge Crops---- 15.50 No. 2 Heavy Melt. Steel 14.06 Billet, Bloom Crops .... 24.50 Cut Rails, 38-inch ___ 23.50 Bar Crops, Plate ...... 15.50 No. 1 Bundles ...... 14.06 Sheet Bar Crops ...... 22.00 Rerolling Rails ...... 22.25 Cast S*eel ...... No. 2 Bundles ...... 14.06 Plate Scrap, Punchings. 22.00 Angles, Splice Bars . . . 22.25 Cut, Structural. Plate 1300 No. 1 Bushellng ...... 14.06 Elec. Furnace Bundles. 20.50 Plate Scrap, Punchings 21.25 1 ft and under ...... 7.00 Machine Shop Turnings. 9.06 VALLEY: Railroad Specialties ... 22.75 Alloy-free Turnings .... 14.50 Mixed Borings, Turnings 9.06 (Delivered consumer’s plant) No. 1 Cast ...... 20.00 Tin Can Bundles ...... 21.50 Short Shovel Turnings.. 11.06 No. 1 R.R. Heavy Melt. $21.00 R.R. Malleable...... 22.00 No Steel Wheels ---- 24.ÖÖ Chemical Borings 13.31 No. 1 Heavy Melt. Steel 20.00 Iron Stee! Axles ...... 20.50 Low Phos. Clippings . . 16.56 No. 1 Comp. Bundles .. 20.00 ST. LOUIS: No j Cast Steel - No...... 1 C a s t ...... 20.00 Short Shovel Turnings. . 17.00 (Delivered consumer’s plant; cast t’neut Frogs. Switches.. 18.501S-S Clean Auto Cast 20.00 Cast Iron Borings 16.00 grades fob shipping point) Scrap Rails ...... 20-50 Stove Plate ...... 19.00 Machine Shop Turnings 15.00 Heavy Melting ...... $17.50 Locomotive Tires ...... Heavy Breakable Cast.. 16.50 Low Phos. Plate 22.50 No. 1 Locomotive Tires 21.00 Misc. Rails ...... 19.00 SEATTLE: BUFFALO: >LANS FIE L D : Railroad Springs ...... 22.00 (D elivered co n su m e rs P ■ 5^450 (Delivered consumers’ plant) (Delivered consumer’s plant) Bundled Sheets ...... 17.50 No. 1 Heavy Melt. Stee , 4 50 No. 1 Heavy Melt. Steel $19.25 Machine Shop Turnings $15.00 Axle Turnings ...... 17.00 No. 2 Heavy Melt. Steel j5.50 No. 2 Heavy Melt. Steel 19.25 CINCINNATI: Machine Turnings ...... 10.50 Heavy Railroad Scrap. ■ . No. 1 Bundles ...... 19.25 (Delivered consumer’s plant) Shoveling Turnings .... 12.50 (Fob shipping Pol®» a,.«) No. 2 Bundles ...... 19.25 No. 1 Heavy Melt. Steel $19.50 Rerolling Rails ...... 21.00 No 1 Cupola Cast .. - ■ • T E E L 172 MARKET PRICES NONFERROUS METAL PRICES

Oopptr: Electrolytic or Lake from producer! In Palladium: 524 per troy ounce, Tin Crystals: 400 lb bbls 39.00e fob Gras- carlots 14.37WC, del. Conn.; le u carlots 14.50c, selll, N. J.; 100-lb kegs 39.50c. refinery. Dealers may add &c for 5000 lb to iridium: 5125 per troy ounce. tarload; lc, 1000-4999 lb; l% c, 500-999 lb; 2c. ca*°’ Minneapolis-st. Paul, Mil- 23.16c; yellow brass 18-53c; commercial bronze. C o p p e r ...... 12.000 12.000 1 1 .2 5 0 a dlstrlcts; add 15 points for 95% 25.83c, 90% 25.50c; red brass, 85% 24.67c; Yellow brass ...... 9.875 9.625 9 .1 2 5 80% 24.35c; best Quality 24.07c; phosphor Commercial bronze New vS! u A,kron ‘ Detroit area, New Jersey, bronze, grade A 4% or 5% 43.70c; Everdur, 9 5 % ...... 1 1 .2 5 0 1 1 .0 0 0 1 0 .5 0 0 Texas’ Pacific Coast, Rich- Duronze or equlv. cold drawn, 29.82c; naval 9 0 % ...... 10.875 10.373 TOM Indlanapolls-Kokomo; add 20 points for brass 22.59c; manganese bronze 25.93c; muntz K»/Connecticut, Boston - Worcester, R e d b r a s s opringfleld. New Hampshire, Rhode Island. metal 22.34c; nickel silver 5% 34.44c. 8 5 % ...... , . 10.875 10.625 10.125 8 0 % ...... 1 0 .8 7 5 1 0 .6 2 5 1 0 .1 2 5 Seamless Tubing: Copper 25.85c; yellow brass Best quality (71-79%). . 1 0 .5 0 0 10.250 9.750 Muntz metal ...... dd“*,?.. A,'lf^!num: "% Plus, Ingots 15.00c 26.43c; commercial bronze 90% 28.22c; red , . 9.250 9.000 8 .5 0 0 i s f , 1i 00e del- • metallurgical 94% mln. brass 85% 27.64c, 80% 27.32c; best quality Nickel silver, 5% ...... 1 0 .2 5 0 5 .2 5 0 Phos. br., A, B, 5% .. . 12.750 2000-9<»l ih ,se, 10’°°0 'b and ovcr; add %c brass 26.79c; phosphor bronze, grade A 5% 1 2 .5 0 0 1 1 .5 0 0 •W-9999 lb; lc less through 2000 lb. 4 4 .7 0 c. Naval brass ...... 9 .5 0 0 9 .2 5 0 8 .7 5 0 Manganese bronze ... . 9.500 9.250 8 .7 5 0 t'j^e)ndi5T-7^IUrTVnum: PI3!™ alloy (No. 122 Copper W ire: Bare, soft, fob eastern mills, car­ grade) ?■> os: ?' 2 f°undry alloy (No. 2 lots 19.89c, less carlots 20.39c; weatherproof, Other than Brass Mill Scrap: Prices apply at bars srMinitLi deoxidizing grades, notch fob eastern mills, carlot 22.07c, less carlots 13 ,or shot: Grade 1 (95-97%%) material not meeting brass mill specifications 22.57c; magnet, delivered, carlots. 23.30c, and are fob shipping point; add %c for ship­ »W (92' 95%> 12-5°c : «rade 3 (90- 15,000 lb or more 23.55c, less carlots 24.00c. Aboi Rrade 4 (85-90% )10.87%c. ment of 60,000 lb of one group and %c foe 10000 in m i ,lor ,30.000 lb. or more; add 4 c 20,000 lb of second group shipped In tame MOOlb-lJ 5000-10,000 lb; %c 1000- Aluminum Sheets and Circles: 2s and 3s flat car. Typical prices follow: freight at 1000 lb. Prices include mill finish, base 30,000 lb or more del. ; *™»t at carload rate up to 75c per 100 lb. sheet widths as Indicated;; circle diameter 9" (Group 1' No. 1 heavy copper and wire. No. and larger: 1 tinned copper, copper borings U.50e; No. 2 copper wire and mixed heavy copper, copper •rtTngots11 ■C°” IPerclaUy pure (99.8%) stand- G a g e Width Sheets arele« tuyeres 10.50c l°b; 2 2 5 0 o lm fw 17, Ib> 20.50c per lb, car- .2 4 9 " - 7 12"-48" 22.70c 25.20c 8-10 12"-48" 23.20c 25.70c ,Uck* 11-12 26"-48" 24.20c 27.00c (Group 2) Soft red brass and borings, aluminum 13-14 26"-48" 25.20c 28.50c bronze 10.75c; copper-nlckel solids and boring* 15-16 26"-48" 26.40c 30.40c 11.00c; lined car boxes, cocks and '-»ucets 17-18 26 "-48" 27.90c 32.90c 9.50c; bell metal 17.25c; babbltt-llnei 1 19 -2 0 2 4 "-4 2 ~ 29.80c 35.30c bushings 14.75c. « Under 500. Grade A. 9§ll% 2 1 -2 2 24"-42" 31.70c 37.20c 99.8% or h £ w Stfalts), 52.00c; Grade B, 23-24 3"-24" 2 5 .6 0 c 2 9 .2 0 c for Grade a „meetJn* «Peciflcationj (Group 3) Admiralty condenser tubes, brass 51.87V4C- Gradi r ^ max- a r s e n ic , pipe 8.75c; muntz m etal condenser tubes 8.23c; Grade D M ln c I - 5 1 .6 2 % c ; Lead Products: Prices to J o b b e rs ;; full sheets old rolled brass 8.25c; m anganese bronze solids: ^ 8 9 -9 9 4 9 « l"c1-. 51.50c; Grade 11.25c; cut sheets 11.50e; pipe 9.90c, New York, (lead 0%-0.40%) 8.00c; (lead 0.41%-1%) » * «or Un content), 5L0cic.Grade F - ^ 10.00c Philadelphia, Baltimore, Rochester and 7.00c; manganese bronze borings. 7.25c. Buffalo, 10.50c Chicago, Cleveland, W orcester and Boston. rado,mT« t?£3c<\n bulk “ riots fob La- Aluminum Scrap: Price fob point of shipment, ov'r but "n„t 39.8% and "-8% and Zinc Products: Sheet fob mill, 13.15c, 36,000 truckloads of 5000 pounds or over; Segregated 11.50c* 9 9 S«? r.Ja ® specifications below, lb. and over deduct 7%. Ribbon and strip solids, 2S, 39, 5c lb, 11. 14, etc.. 3 to 3.50c lb. otber impurities nT c (arsenlc- 0 05% m ax-l 12.25c, 3000-lb lots deduct 1%, 6000 lb 2%, All other high grade alloys 5c lb. Segregated Queers’ Mil Ldd if” 15.00c. On 9000 lb 3%, 18,000 lb 4%. carloads and over borings and turnings, wrought alloys, 2, 2.50c 10 10,000 lb- I,^4c for less than carload 7%. Boiler plate (not over 12") 3 tons and lb. Other high-grade alloys 3.50c, 4.00c lb. Mixed 223 lb Md lesiCi or *»39:224 lb; and 2c for over 11.00c; 1-3 tons 12.00c; 500-2000 lb 12.50c; plant scrap, all solids, 2. 2.50c lb borings and tors and jobSri » W ,65 by dealers, distribu­ 100-500 lb 13.00c; under 100 lb 14.00c. Hull turnings one cent less than segregated. tive^, * add %c, lc. and Sc. respec- plate (over 12") add lc to boiler plate prices.

Lead Scrap: Prices fob point of shipment. Foe ^ lWEoS trib ^ n i„Catha0d? ’ fob re- soft and hard lead, Including cable lead, deduct dectrolytic cathkd? ,“ d shot produced from PLATING MATERIALS 0.75c from basing point prices for refined metaL or Ingot for addittJin P600^ nickel shot additions to cast Iron, 34.00c. Chromic Add: 99.75%, flake, del., carloads 16.25c; 5 tons and over 16.75c; 1-5 tons 17.25c; Zinc Scrap: New clippings 7.25c, old zinc 5.75c, 400 lb to 1 ton 17.75c; under 400 lb 18.25c. fob point of shipment, add %c for 10,000 lb SlMCUp£!7^ nflmarket, spot. New York, J98- or more. New die cast scrap 4.95c, radiator grilles 4.95c, add %c for 20,000 lb or more. Copper Anodes: In 500-lb lots, fob shipping Unsweated zinc dross, die cast slab 5.80c, any point, freight allowed, cast oval over 15 In., '• Prime, white, 99%, carlots, 4.00e lb. q u a n tity . 25.125c; curved, 20.375c; round oval straight, 19.375c; electro-deposited. 18.875c. » d u ftlg P P « , 8-15-4-25% Be, J14.75 per lb Nickel, Monel Scrap: Prices fob point of ship­ Copper Carbonate: 52-54% metallic Cu, 250 lb ment: add %c for 2000 lb or more of nickel barrels 20.50c. or cupro-nlckel shipped at one time and 20,000 pencils, pigs, putes. lb or more of Monel. Converters (dealers) straight or' fiat ?.U other ‘'regular'. discs Ann i 1113 51.25 lb, del.; anodes, Copper Cyanide: 70-71% Cu, 100-lb kegs or allowed 2c premium. ®tapes, $1.30^ aU other special or patented bbls 34.00c, fob. Niagara Falls. Nickel: 98% or more nickel and not over Sodium Cyanide: 96%, 200-lb drums 15.00c; copper 23.00c; 90-98% nickel, 23.00c per lb 10,000-lb lots 13.00c fob Niagara Falls. nickel contained. 100lb.ionC ^^^oo^h50^lb> w iw lb (case); ior $1.57 550 lb lb (bbL): under Nickel Anodes: 500-2999 lb lots; cast and GllH; II s n , rolled carbonized 47.00c; rolled depolarized Cupro-nlckel: 90% or more combined nick* ■ S. Treasury. J 3 5 per ounce. 4 8 .0 0 c. and copper 26.00c per lb contained nick*, I°lilu®; 99.9% plus 8.00c per lb contained copper; less than *■ *4-25 per troy ounce. Nickel Chloride: 100-Ib kegs or 275-lb bbls 90% combined nickel and copper 26.00c far 18.00c lb. deL contained nickel only. k n market, N. Y. 90.12%c per ounce. Hatii Tin Anodes: 1000 lb and over 58.50c del.; Monel: No. 1 castings, turnings 15.00c; new ' 581.50 per ounce. 500-999 59.00c; 200-499 59.50c; 100-199 61.00c. clipping 20.00c; soldered sheet 18.00c. AuSbSt 19, 1946 173 MARKET NEWS

Sept. 30. Considering the likely carry­ pacity after a two-day shutdown for in* Sheets, Strip . . . over of preference business from the ' ventory, incident to sale of all fixed as­ current quarter, many sellers look for sets of the company and subsidiaries High production gives little an increasing amount of priority work to International Detrola. Corp., Detroit. relief to heavy demand; CPA in the closing period and are anxious to O utput will be available to other fabri­ get a line on prospective requirements cators, as heretofore. preference rating to cause re­ as soon as possible; hence their interest St. Louis — Limited production of in Washington’s response to applications cold-rolled sheets and plates got under scheduling for ratings. way here last week with the 21-week Sheet & Strip Prices, Page 168 Some producers estimate they will strike at the Granite City Steel Co. at lose about 10 per cent of their third an end. All flat steel schedules are Pittsburgh — Production outlook is quarter preference tonnage; they fear filled to the year’s end with substan­ brighter than at any time this year but they will lose at least that much if not tial 1947 carryover. OPA has asked no significant relief from the present more in fourth quarter for the same the company to give priority to car shortage is indicated until late fourth reason. Due to these losses, among builders, which closes the few gaps left quarter at the earliest. Huge pent-up other factors, produoers are still having by order cancellations. No new orders demand for flat-rolled steel items is ex­ difficulty' making headway on arrear­ will be considered until operations are pected to more than absorb record ages, which resiilted particularly from w’orked out and backlogs reviewed. breaking production well into next year, the steel and coal strikes in first half. Birmingham— Sheet production, while but there is some indication that.present They are making some gains, however. steady at near capacity, 'finds the prod­ heavy demand will be dissipated early Their greatest trouble is in improving uct in somewhat uneven distribution next year as result of prospective im­ their positions on coated sheets, espe­ with local users generally on the short provement in overall supply, due to com­ cially galvanized. Some sellers are still end. Light sheets and roofing are in pletion of expansion programs now un­ two to three months behind. especially heavy demand and backlogs der way. By July 1, 1947, sheet and Cleveland — Additional producers of are high, even though they have been strip capacity is expected to top prewar worked off to a moderate extent. volume by 2.5 million tons. .flat-rolled products have canvassed cus­ tomers to determine first quarter re­ Under CPA’s fourth quarter prefer­ quirements. In most instances, producers ence rating program, to meet essential will inform customers what tonnage they Steel Bars . . . steel requirements for farm equipment, can reasonably expect for that period, brakeshoes and housing, there may be taking into consideration an estimate of Mills sold for year in mosf one notable variance from the present certified order requirements, probable certified tonnage procedure. Producers production and similar factors. Some pro­ sizes a n d g ra d es, with pro­ are not expected to have to honor CC ducers are canceling a large portion of ratings of those companies not regular orders they will be unable' to fill this duction at high rate; alloys customers. year in an effort to reduce tonnage car­ are ea sy RFC has made arrangements to pur­ ried over into 1947. The order backlog chase 180,000 tons of sheet bars from is being reduced also by the fact that Bar Prices, Page 168 Sharon Steel Corp. for redistribution to shipments are now exceeding production Mahoning Valley Steel Co., Niles, O., in many instances, although some mills Pittsburgh— Cold finishers have some Reeves Steel & Mfg. Co., Dover, O.; are having difficulty in attaining the openings for larger sizes for fourth quar­ Superior Steel Co., Canton, O., and prestrike rate of operations. Only a ter, and a little headway currently is Apollo Steel Co., Apollo, Pa. The agency few certified orders were recorded in this being made against carryover tonnage has agreed to pay Sharon a premium of district for September delivery and some now that shipments have been resume $7 a ton, plus freight differential. Jones producers required customers to take a on a normal basis. Automotive pars & Laughlin Steel Corp. also will supply proportionate reduction in uncertified manufacturers and most forge s iop these companies 25,000 tons of sheet orders, leaving the actual tonnage on have been able to increase produc > bars In August, September, October and books unchanged. Due to filled mill slightly in recent weeks, although mo November, at $45.84 a ton to RFC plus schedules, customers are unable to re­ do not expect any significant freight. Selling price to the noninte­ vise specifications or substitute one order in steel supply through rest of this y®• grated interests will be $38 a ton. for another unless the material can be Delivery pressure for small carbon 0 Chicago — Announcement by CPA rolled in the same mill. Some emergency continues to increase and no open that the preference system will be re­ needs are being filled, however, from likely will develop this year. Some imposed has raised the question among overruns and limited mill stocks. trict offices are taking on sma" °f, steel producers and consumers as to Boston — More steel to the manufac­ to balance out tonnage allotted tnew how’ effective it will be. To consumers turing consumer in fourth quarter ap­ for the balance of this year; how > with short supplies, it brings new’ hopes; pears in the cards unless the warehouse in most instances all the projecte to producers it implies much resched­ certification directive is extended. Job­ nage allotted these offices is m°r e . uling and confusion. Product most af­ bers will get less. Several producers represented by orders on hand. • fected under the system is steel sheets, have extended themselves to meet ware­ ments on alloy bars are availab which are in desperate shortage despite house directives, but at expense of manu­ late Septem ber and October, near maximum production. Demand for facturing requirements to some degree do not know to what extent C all grades is tremendous and deliveries and prospective programs aim at mak­ will disrupt fourth quarter are far behind as result of the steel and ing up some of this ground once al­ schedules, although some pro 1 j coal strikes, indicating heavy carryovers lotted volume to warehouses is filled monthly tonnage involved wall ■- into fourth quarter and next year. Elec­ this quarter. Mill shipments are heavier, scheduled Septem ber shipments trical sheets are extremely critical. With­ but in the case of distributors inventory fied tonnage. , out exception, sheetmakers decline to has not improved in proportion; high Chicago — H ot and cold-rolled book 1947 business although pressure to ratio of improved receipts has been bon bars are in good demand an _ do so has been substantial and persist­ shipped out without going into stock. sumers are pressing for deliver} • ent. One district mill states that orders There are few signs of any easing in paratively few major strikes for galvanized sheets covered by direc­ sheets, although given high production facturing plants are under y , tives and the 2 per cent earmarked for over the next few’ weeks, this might well rently and fabricating oPerail0,| | m3k- export exhaust its entire output, leav­ develop in backlog orders. There is risen to a higher level. Some ing none for normal customers. heavy unplaced flat-rolled tonnage op­ ers report that so fai_ the. ^ cent Ne\V York — Sheet sellers are keenly enings for a place in schedules once op­ received orders aganst a * r ^ waiting developments in Washington enings appear. set aside for export, conseque with respect to applications submitted Cincinnati — Fourth quarter sched­ not been necessary’ to anew of by consumers prior to Aug. 16 for rat­ ules of sheet mills may’ show’ cut in allo­ from regular customers. Res' j un. ings effective Oct. 1, especially the CC cation of cold-rolled, in contrast to quo­ the preference rating system u *■ o{ ratings which apply to civilian work. In tas earlier in the year. Need for elec­ doubtedly will cause a go , ^ effect these ratings will likely provide trical sheets, directives and other fac­ rescheduling of orders for f gp. for most, if not all of the preference tors are cited. The pinch in hot-rolled ter, b u t it is too early to maxe . ^ tonnage rolled in fourth quarter, partic­ may not be so severe. Operations of the praisal of this. Since ate de- ularly with Direction 12 due to expire Newport Rolling Mill Co. are near ca­ over cannot be estimated, m rT E E L 174 dining to accept business for 1947. New York — Demand for small carbon bars and flats is said to be stronger than at any time during the war. Meanwhile, sellers still are far behind on their cur­ rent commitments, are seeking the co-op­ eration of customers in a review of ton­ nage on mill books. Many orders have been placed long ago and an effort is being made to see if some of the ton­ nage can be dropped from schedules, or at least be set aside for rescheduling at some future date. Most consumers so far, however, have been unwilling to relinquish their present positions, even though deliveries may be fur­ ther deferred for some time. Producers look for more preference tonnage in fourth quarter than at present, and "'bile operating rates this period and next should be much higher than during the first two quarters they expect a heavy carryover into next year. Cer­ tain producers believe, in view of pres­ ent commitments and the further priori­ ty tonnage they will be confronted with, "dfl have arrearages of three to four months at the end of the year. Boston — Carbon bar consumers are sounding suppliers on 1947 tonnage prospects and while quotas are uncer- am because of expected carryovers, some stand to receive less tonnage, those 10 placed these duplicate orders late tU, yi.ar i! n which delivery is coming ,ese duplicate orders will be ■■possible this year. Here and there »me mild dents are being made on back- mfa i y “a a few larger sizes of f “'drawn are delivery promises m ade pyL Jn very this year and these have t.° November-December. Bes- nir ';T grades are extremely tight with Producers and some quotas are re- • S for this month. Over 13/16th nr, l, iep!flrjher delivery is still possible nml L-i ahoys; October 13/16th and !e in cold-drawn alloys, includ- fin-j r" ,and polished, schedules are n» l year on most sizes, with cember open on few. Stainless bars rnibJv H 1 stocks. There is little specifications in view of mno delivery for alloys, although ... W coasumers in this area use both, . M m e n u m & M to °n suhstantially better than five mrlnof®' -orooog the bar consuming STRONG TAKES the same well earned pride in ar nes> textile mill equipm ent builders up lEn Jy, weh as to steel, but its cleaning operations that it has for its anneal­ nnnpJ*11^? ?r P'S ff°n and some com- ing facilities. In addition to the cutting, grinding huyersS a h>ol shops are light and chipping processes, Strong operates three sandblasts with the larger one capable of han­ barc’w i '5 7 \ Production of merchant as npn/J6 w hat is regarded dling any casting which comes from its 15 by 19 capacity, approximately 90 foot annealing furnace. mounting0! ™artlme output. Demand is All of which adds up to a standard of castings accent,.,] VV n ? new orders are being tontrnp’ - . exception of limited which are much easier to machine—because the and tL„ -a sp,ecfflc essential projects steel making, the molding, the annealing and the men* k t "i! reservation that ship­ cleaning are all handled by Strong quality con­ ments hod if 3t convenience. Ship- new «nil en P'chmg up until ODT’s trols that safeguard the buyer’s interest at all has o rn/i-011 caPacity carloading. This stages of the work. The surest way to have bar mill/ 1Ciu. deliveries here since stronger castings is to have them Strong-cast! hard tn " u varied products find it Difi«,in, m? combination shipments. *° stnn ‘ ° i °e(lanS old rails threatens °P Production of reinforcing bars. STRONG IN N AM E STRONG STEEL FOUNDRY COMPANY, BUFFALO, N.Y. STRONG IN FACT °f the*v»T~ are booked to the end inquiry p /n ,-aire, tur.ninS down much to SB.rcotial business is sufficient orders n / i/’. for,a year hut no 1947 Ur customp ng boohed now’. Regu- « difficult m 3fin gii € n first cal1 b u t il lcult to fill their needs. Labor Igust l9> 194e turnover is a problem, skilled workers after September, and it is also pointed der M-43, but no revision in this order being scarce. out that many can triants important to is indicated through the remainder of food production have undergone severe this year, due to continued tight pig tin hardships in attempting to maintain out­ supply. Tin Plate . . . put on their slim share of the 15 per Can manufacturing capacity is expect­ cent of tin mill products available for Tin Plate Prices, Page 169 ed to be increased 20 per cent within the general distribution. Extent cf the re­ next five years to meet growing demand Pittsburgh — Direction 9 to M-21, vision in Direction 9 will be largely de­ for metal contract. This expansion pro­ channeling 85 per cent of tin plate pendent on size of export load direc­ gram will boost output of cans to about production into containers for perish­ tive for fourth quarter, indicated at 20.5 billion units a year, in contrast able foods, pharmaceuticals and related about 135,000 tons, compared with 112,- with 17 billion prior to the war, with items, is expected to be revoked or at 000 tons this quarter. Definite decision tin plate consumption approaching 3.6 least revised for fourth quarter. Tin in both matters is expected momen­ plate demand and supply conditions, tarily. million tons annually. which necessitated issuance of the direc­ Consideration also was given at the Cleveland—Order M-81 will be re­ tion in February, will not continue recent industry advisory committee meet­ vised soon, according to reliable trade through fourth quarter. Seasonal food ing to the prospect of relaxing . some reports, to perm it use of cans made of can requirements will be diminishing conservation measures embodied in Or- tin plate and terne plate for packing some presently prohibited products. The m arket still remains extremely tight, however, with a heavy carryover into fourth quarter, amounting to about 80,- 000 tons for food cans and the foreign relief program in the certified order classification and an additional tonnage in the uncertified classification. Fourth quarter export allocations have ken increased 24,000 tons to 136,000. Pro­ duction will be maintained at about the same rate in fourth quarter but domes­ tic dem and is expected to ease. The large order backlog is attributed to the fact that packers grossly under­ estim ated requirements. NVliile the food pack was heavy in all products, it was as much as 100 per cent greater than ex­ pected in several products, including apricots, requiring use of cans that had been intended for other products. Chicago — Tin plate production is holding up well, but shipments are de­ layed because of the box car shortage- Occasionally car supply improves to the point where accumulated tonnage can be moved out, but almost over nigm new shortage requires piling to start a over. This situation is expected o obtain over most of the rest of •- vear.

Steel Plates . . • D em and heavy in spile of shipbuilding decline and de­ liveries are slow; light goges for tanks lead Plate Prices, Pane 169 Boston—Compared with most steel products, production of plates is low expectations, with demand n tained at high levels, notably «¡8 1 sidering the slump in shipbuilding- quirements cover a broad ranSe are heaviest in light-gage welding That is why Blaw-Knox maintains a list of over 100 different for underground tanks; in heart weldments account for a substant ‘ types and sizes. page. Weldment volume is . ,C1 _ _ Blaw-Knox Catalog 2002 contains sufficient information for by shortages in gray iron castl"£Y tjm you practically to "order by mail" exactly the clamshell you end producers are losing through lack of steelmaking 11 oa need for a particular bucket use. while another is rolling heavy s - Send for a copy of this informative catalog. a plate mill. In addition to n

Wire Prices, Page 169 Pittsburgh — Critical shortage of wire rods continues to restrict output of non­ This tubing is new, excellent inteerated wire producers, although sup­ and has been hydrostatically tested ply has improved somewhat recently for to 900 pound pressure p.s.i. Every interests in the New England area. Un­ 20 foot length of tubing has welded der present price relationship integrat­ on each end a 6" ( 6%" O.D.) or 4 (41/2" O.D.) pipe nipple which is ed mills are converting as much as grooved for use with Victaulic ty pe Possible of their wire rod output into coupling. , „ specialties and other finished items. De­ This tubing is recommended 101 mand for manufacturers and merchant normal use and application on ''he remains well above present pro­ steam, oil, gas and water lines, foi duction, with producers’ schedules filled columns and other structural pui- through remainder of this year. One poses. , , interest recently has returned customers’ Prompt shipments can be made orders that it had been holding on the from various locations throughout basis of possibly meshing them into Ohio, Pennsylvania, New >ork’ tourth quarter schedules. Among the New Jersey, Illinois, Missouri and manufacturers’ wire items a very' heavy V irg in ia. demand is noted for spring wire, refrig- Prices will be submitted upon ap­ enitor racks and electric fan guards. plication, and special arrangements There has been a moderate increase in are available to jobbers. ['ail output recently, leading some in­ Representative samples of botn vests to believe that CPA program for sizes of couplings and tubing may Coupling Detail this item might be met. Premium prices be inspected at our various ware- >ave been granted some interests to linnses. stimulate nail output and it is possible 'at other companies may resume nail Production if a satisfactory’ price arrange- L. B. Foster Company Albert & Davidson Pipe Corp. Albert Pipe Supply Company 2nd Avenue—50th, 51st Street mei ''can he obtained. P.O. Box 1617 Berrv & North 13th Street Pittsburgh 30, Pa. Brooklyn 32, New York tttective Aug. 8, Pittsburgh Steel Co. Brooklyn 11. Ne«' York Walnut 3300 Phone Windsor 9-6300 Phone Evergreen 1- 8 IUU n'pS ior?ntec^ a Premium of 35 cents ,r 00 pounds on bright cement coat- s "^ktiix and blued and polished nails

A“Sust 19, I94ß MARKET NEWS and staples, making their OPA ceiling light in others. The latter category in­ more producers. Demand for wire is price $4.10; no increase was granted on cludes the so-called cheaper stock and far in excess of supply in grades wanted galvanized nails. The same company reflects selectivity in acceptance of or­ by most users; backlogs in spring wire was given a premium price equivalent ders for low-margin items. Crux of con­ are heavy and consumers are pressing for to about 44 cents a spool on barbed fusion in wire is limited rod supply; in­ cushion and upholstery spring stock. Pro­ and barbless wire, raising their column ventories with nonintegrated mills and duction of nails is disappointing; a lead­ quotations 10 points to 89. A premium industrial consumers drawing their own ing distributor here got only one car last price of $10 a ton on nails was granted wire are generally well depleted and out month. Black market at retail is rampant Nichols Wire & Steel Co., Davenport, of balance. in nails; up to $25 a keg is reported to Iowa, early in June. New York — Lack of wire is contrib­ have been paid and higher in some dis­ Boston — Production being stressed uting to more extended deliveries on tricts. Pittsburgh Steel Co. has been on high carbon specialties without much numerous products fabricated from wire, given a $7 advance on bright wire nails progress in denting backlogs, consumers including screws and smaller fastenings, exclusive of galvanized and $10 a ton using low carbon wires, on which out­ some types of mechanical springs, stcve on barbed wire. put is lower, are curtailed by lack of bolts, machine screws, carriage and lag Birmingham — No appreciable im­ stock. Most tonnage is relatively longer bolts, M: x 6-inch and smaller and short­ provement in the wire situation is not­ processed wire and mill backlogs are er; deliveries on the latter group of fast­ ed. Manufacturers are crying for drawn unbalanced, heavy on some products but enings have become indefinite with wire for bed springs and miscellaneous use. Serious also is the situation in nails and jobbers report practically no chance to meet demands for wire fencing with the agricultural season at its height.

Structural Shapes . Numerous large tonnages be­ ing placed for industrial proj­ ects with mills increasing output

Structural Shape Prices, Page 169 New York — Several sizable structural awards are reported here, ingudmg 16,000 tons for a plant at Rock Hi > N. C„ for the Celanese Corp., placed witu the Bethlehem Steel Co., Bethlehem, ■ • Other work includes 2500 tons for a gum refining plant at Oak Tree, N. J-> P., w ith Harris Structural Steel Co.. Net York. A bridge project, involving; 45W tons, for New York state is expected up for estimating within the lie. t BEMITE weeks or so. Meanwhile, sever»1 tai to good-sized jobs are active, wi really large developments in the • ground for some time later on, in ing the Graphic Arts Center on side of Manhattan, involving an estima u N O T i u d a r u y t n & i cd 50,000 tons. A section of the v side elevated highway, on whicr Cox Construction Co. Inc. is 1°' general contract, as noted in issue, is the largest active Pr0) ,-qq at the moment. It will reQui WARTIME MEASURE tons of structural and additional 1 tities of piling and reinforcing. Philadelphia - While structural work is restricted by CPA regula . is still being offered tlian fabricator» Meeting the requirements of a low tin can or will accept. Some ■ f • base babbitt metal was no problem for booked six to eight months and n s as far as can be learned, hav ^ us because we already had “BEARITE" left for this year on basis of prosp ^ (less than V/2% tin) that had been proven of obtaining mill deliveries. . . rial amount of public work, P ^ by 20 years of general use. Wide adop­ state bridges, continues to Two tion of this product for countless purposes some for the third and four gg. Pennslvania state bridges are « r in war use has proven this to be true. ured for the fourth time, on [onS] "BEARITE" has been weighed in the bal­ umberland county’, involving vfont- ance of wartime necessity and found NOT up for bids Sept. 13; the other in g gomerv county 180 tons, 1 major wanting. Insufficient appropriations a factor in m any such cases. Boston — Contracts for oons ^ steel are up slightly and me “ ¡n^am for a foundry for rarre xyster Co., Ansonia, Conn.; Sto"e7- 00 t0nS of Engineering Co. has place q0. bearing piles for a Gener pabricat- building at Schenectady, ’ • / T E E»- 178 MARKET NEWS ing shops and structural mills are booked power shortage exists, but is not as crit­ case because of the application of llieir into second quarter next year, excep­ ical as the materials situation. It is products to housing. For those who have tions being small-tonnage projects when too early to determine what will be no preference work, which would permit warehouses are in position to furnish the effect, of reimposition of the pref­ them a larger share of the iron, their po­ plain material. Substantial volume of erence rating system Oct. 1. Of the sition has been made especially acute shapes fabricated by district shops comes district’s 41 blast furnaces, 37 remain by the shortage of cast scrap. This lat­ from distributors. Among 35 authoriza­ in blast, however, most output neces­ ter material is ini shorter supply than at tions, valued at $1,045,267, granted sarily goes as hot metal to steel pro­ any time in the history of the trade, it is week ending Aug. 10, is a bus garage duction to offset scrap shortage. said. for Boston Elevated Railway, Medford, New York — While more pig iron is Boston—Slight reductions in purchase Mass., $420,000. Bids taken last month being produced, jobbing foundries and orders for certified tonnage will mean on the Saco river bridge, Fryeburg, Me., others not engaged in preference work little additional iron for New England were rejected. For furnishing only, are having increasingly rough going. consumers through the balance of this American Bridge Co., Pittsburgh, bid Many are operating part time, with some quarter. Impact of this tonnage has S157.648 and $34,302.60 respectively on not operating at all. Urgent appeals disrupted delivery schedules, although steel for two Connecticut state highway to Washington for relief have brought production is slightly heavier. Found­ bridges, Hamden, approximately 1200 little or no response so far, although ries not qualifying for certified iron are tons. some stovemakers feel they have a strong worse off, but a few who do, will get Seattle — Fabricating shops are busy but are unable to take much business’ because of lack of material. Mill ship­ ments are far below requirements. The major pending project is the Narrows Photos show typical gears ranging in size bridge, requiring 17,000 tons, bids to be from 48 pitch to 6/8 pitch; and a sec­ called soon. Plans for a proposed Ore­ tion of the gear generating department. gon state bridge near Independence have been approved for 1947 construction, two steel truss spans 146 and 250 feet long, overall length 2018 feet. Cost is estimated at $640,000. Pig Iron . . .

Preference regulations on iron limit supply to other users; melters have little inventory, with demand high Pig Iron Prices, Page 171 Pittsburgh — Means of increasing Pig iron production and achieving a more equal distribution of iron will be dis­ cussed by the industry advisory com­ mittee in Washington early this week, hief points likely will involve possi- ility of bringing idle high-cost furnaces ack into operation under a subsidy ar­ rangement, and re-establishment of pig run distribution on an allocation basis covering 60-day periods. With rein­ statement Oct. 1 of CC ratings to pro- e essential steel requirem ents for o lcultural equipment, railroad brake- IraTtl, housing, it would appear log- tne present pig iron certification pro- 0r.n 1?10rc elaborate allocation pro- t , ""t have to be put in effect for rourth quarter. ^ “P °f scrap supplies and ear- nAni? °f, pig iron for “ few favored tail™ fS r resulted in severe cur- vviil.- i many foundries not coining tivp - scope °f the CPA’s direc- .íes ^ 1°a*G®*e - program. Certified tonnage ship- ehanf’ i?i oriSinally set up with the mer- s e to M - nearlv -n funiace here, constituted Sentoml Per cent °f its August and be )er,oufPul:> which tonnage was to o» «S k-Ä« r ?> custom» only 10 per cent of its dislrik rS' However, the unbalanced o« n » r r f s g S T » * Send us your complete of thi5U 100 pattern through remainder specifications today or as resitl?113?61 w easecl somewhat tcrite for free booklet. ine »»ur °j recent CPA action reduc- IFe are prepared to serve you in your Development, At no time do ice stock cent f», ‘a tonnage shipments 10 per Engineering and Manufacturing problems. standard gears, r , . tne period. iron ’ f'Jlere is no easing of pig lo limit f ^ foundries are obliged to them f.er?tlons t° tonnage allocated THE STEEL PRODUCTS ENGINEERING CO. 3nd inalieaKUS ieStimated that gray iron 75 nc- shops are running at about 1206 W. COLUMBIA STREET SPRINGFIELD, OHIO ^ ^nt of capacity. Some man-

August 19 ,194e MARKET NEWS more iron than would ordinarily be the iron but is scheduled to shift to basic more iron for this section. case; included are pipe shops, including Aug. 22. Cincinnati — Foundries holding CPA the Providence producers, the Westfield Buffalo—Although iron output equals directives are receiving southern iron Mass., heating equipment interest and the all-time war peak, foundries report but other shipments have been stopped. some malleable shops. Increased ton­ supplies are short of requirements. This Melters have avoided shutdowns so far, nage to this group is at the expense is attributed in part to emphasis on but the iron supply is precarious, stocks of others and the balance is spread thin­ basic iron to alleviate the scrap short­ virtually exhausted. Many interests are ly. Carryover of certified tonnage be­ age. One merchant iron source ques­ buoyed by hope that CPA will,modify yond September will not be large if tions whether all grades of steel now orders. Northern iron is extremely tight production holds. Melt is down substan­ being produced are as essential as some but more broadly distributed. tially among foundries and steel works are iron grades. Sellers report pressing de­ operating on hand-to-mouth supplies. mands for iron from New England Resumption of the Troy, N. Y., furnace and seaboard consumers. According to Scrap . . . on low phos will help only a few shops reports * there were no producers on in this district. Mystic iron is badly merchant iron east of here. This has No easing appears as many needed, but return to blast of that fur­ helped to create a serious shortage of nace is harnessed with multiple econom­ iron among New England buyers who collectors a re reported to be ic and legal factors involving subsidy report sharp curtailment, or complete holding for increase; some and prices, ore supply and domestic suspension in operations. heating coke. St. Louis — Mills in this district are tonnage In barter Philadelphia — While CPA recently in fair shape for pig iron but foundries Scrap Prices, Page 172 reduced August purchase authorizations continue to have difficulty. Pig iron in four areas in an effort to prevent dis­ production is at capacity, with incoming Pittsburgh — Scrap shortage here is location of supply the action came too supplies hampered by the car shortage. not as acute as in Chicago and ether key late to have much effect in the eastern Resumption of the Granite City Steel consuming centers, with steel opera­ Pennsylvania district, where a reduc­ Co., which takes a large portion of the tions continuing at practical capacity. tion of 10 per cent was ordered for one major pig iron producer here, is ex­ However, mills are consuming scrap at furnace. Soil pipe producers apparent­ pected to curtail supplies to other mills a rate exceeding available supply by a ly were not affected by the order and which had benefited in iron from Gran­ substantial margin. There is little pros­ much of the remaining preference ton­ ite City’s shutdown. pect of increased scrap shipments to nage on schedule with this producer for Birmingham — Some of the wide­ steel producers’ yards until price for this month had already been shipped. spread uneasiness over the pig iron situa­ preparation is satisfactorily' settled. Deal­ Meanwhile foundries not favored bv di­ tion has disappeared with easement of ers state little scrap has moved through rectives and confronted by further cur­ directive buying regulations by CPA, their yards in recent weeks with consid­ tailment in operations and in some cases but iron, on the whole, is not in nearly erable tonnage being shipped direct complete suspension are protesting vig­ sufficient quantity to take care of de­ from fabricators to mills on a recipro­ orously to Washington for relief. The mand. Merchant iron sources estimate cal basis. Upgrading is still noted, but Birdsboro, Pa., stack recently resumed a current and probably continuing need, tonnage cf No. 2 heavy melting steel after relining, now producing foundry indefinitely at least, for 90 per cent moving as low phos material, for ex­ ample, is said to have been substantially reduced with restoration of OPA. Integrated mills report an unbalanced scrap stock position at some of their plants, necessitating interplant ship­ ments. Such shipments from Carnegie- Illinois Steel Corp.’s plants in Pittsburgh I to its facilities at Chicaso have exceed- J O H N S O N ! eel 12,000 tons. Chicago —- Only slight improvement ; in scrap supply can be discerned in tins area. Sufficient time now lias elapsed The wire of a thousand uses—me­ since return of OPA to bring out mate] chanical springs in endless varieties ! rial which might have been hoarded . . . antenna rods . . . brick cutting | for higher prices. Lack of evidence ot . . . butter cutting . . . choke wire . . . such material moving supports the tlnnK- cookie cutters . . . control . . . con­ ing of those denying that hoarding exis s veyor belts . . . dental instruments and maintaining scrap is just no . . . fish leaders . . . flexible shafts ! available. Several open hearths m e . . . mandolin and violin strings . . . a,, : district are being held idle for lack o mandrels . . . perforating punches A 1 melting material. Inventories are s . . . piano strings . . . sizing gauges being used, raising concern over sup­ . . . ski binders . . . spark gap gauges plies for fall and winter. Consumer . . . tonsil snares . . . trolling lines are reaching out great distances . . . . vibrating screens . . . wire paying springboard to acquire scrap. forms . . . sound recording . . . elec­ tronics . . . atomic bomb. Cincinnati — The shortage of scrap is more acute, as melters’ reserves slirn \ One major interest in the district is do« to one-week supply, and others quently plead for trucked ^crap, emergency tonnage, to avoid shutdow ■ There is no agreem ent on volume "i held in hope of OPA action to ra - prices, but this tonnage could not P« sibly be adequate to relieve aax. concerning winter needs. Philadelphia — Scrap sellers a*® shipping lightly, pending further apt ; for higher prices. District steel m j are threatened with further cuf f p ([s. as a result and are competing w J o h n s o n s t e e l &. W i r e Co.,inc. burgh for such tonnage as is ben g O WORCESTER I, MASSACHUSETTS. leased. . ... 0f — Improvement m n , NEW YORK AKRON DETROIT CHICAGO LOS. AN GELES TORONTO Detroit production scrap from fabricating

f t E £1 ISO MARKET NEWS in this area is slight at best, and the cold-drawn seamless tubing. Warehouse are shipping more steel than would mere pessimistic observers look for no cold-finished bars and shafting inven­ otherwise be allocated, although most change until the turn of the year. They tories have suffered considerable deple­ are below on galvanized sheets because see an all-out effort to boost production tion, as is also the ease in nearly all flat- of other certifications. Unless extend­ to a profitable level then, reasoning that rolled steel items, small bars and wide ed, fourth quarter tonnage distribution currently tax carrybacks may dull the llange beams. Alloy bar stocks are in will be substantially lower, according incentive for high production. Dealer good shape with demand relatively small to some mills’ preliminary programs for sentiments oil prices vary with the ex­ by comparison to other steel items. next quarter. Among carbon prod­ tent of their inventories, those with high Boston — Demand for steel from ucts, plates Yz-inch and under are tight­ inventories wanting higher prices and warehouse precludes possibility of im­ er with warehouses and stocks of bars in those with no inventories satisfied with proving inventories despite heavier and small sizes, bar shape, structural, sheets present ceilings. better balanced mill deliveries. Sub­ and strip are low and unbalanced. Buy­ Boston — Tonnage of scrap held back stantial volume cf new tonnage against ers seeking tonnage normally supplied by by the price factor is larger than first overdue orders is moving to consum­ mills are numerous, but pressure has supposed and is increasing, as revealed ers against back orders and shipping eased in some directions because of by heavier yard stocks in some instances. notices without going into stock. Sev­ shortages of other components slowing Meanwhile demand for steelmaking eral producers are concentrating this up schedules. Most alloy inventories are grades and cast is in excess of offerings, quarter on warehouse Direction 12 and ample and jobbers are also getting filled although consumer inventories of the latier vary widely. Steelworks are op­ erating on a close margin and have about reached tile limit as to ratio of -i scrap to pig iron in melts. Production of industrial scrap lags and not much im­ provement may lie expected until fall. For profitable handling At current prices remote scrap is not released. Seattle — Steel scrap shipments are of METAL TURNING CHIPS less than demand and the situation lias not eased to the extent expected under revived OPA. Inventories are below normal. Mills are depending on prew ar sources, shipyard supply having been I n s t a l l a n practically exhausted, but present prices tl n°i,. bringing out enough tonnage, he ceiling of $14.50 is holding b u t sup­ ply is limited by increased cost of prep­ AMERICAN aration, dealers holding back because of oivered margin under ceiling level. St. Louis — Scrap shipments continue MITAI TURNINGS o decline as dealers at collection points nttait a break in OPA ceilings, which is expected here to approximate $2. Stocks are reported good at points serving St. CRUSHER uis, and a price rise should bring in emporary flood, limited only by rail- oa Sar suPply. Only the railroads are contributing scrap here now. Last week u us got about 10 per cent of their mnal tonnage. Mill reserves average Reducing long, curly turnings to short shoveling chips is a profitable ’ ms or better but foundries are rari­ operation with the American Ring Turnings Crusher. Metal turnings ng on a hand to mouth basis, some of low or high carbon steel, alloy steel, aluminum, brass, and bronze p]vscssmS two or three days’ scrap sup- produced from lathes, automatic screw machines, and planers, are I fJ ir™in^ ,n — The scran situation easily and rapidly crushed to short shovel turnings, decreasing the bulk ¿us to sIlow improvenient- The dis- of iong turnings by 30% to 80%. lj,,iS Sest steel producer is in rela- Two important features found in the American Ring Turnings Crusher > good shape, due to the nature of are patented Shredder Rings and the Automatic Apron. Shredder Rings operations and does not anticipate ‘ - real emergency. Others, however, are of Manganese steel and each ring has 20 cutting edges that uni­ 'senn Se tunate and the need for formly reduce turnings by rapid impact. Shredder Rings deflect in - > P is becoming increasingly appar- contact with tramp metal, thereby, protecting the crusher from possible from week to week. injury. The automatic apron is a simple, but important device, that has a yielding movement under pressure. Eliminates danger of ma­ Warehouse . . . chine choking from overfeeding and eliminates clogging, such as frequently occurs in a metal Warehouse Prices, Page 170 PATJ GANESE trap or catcher. t o f e ’1 Although mill shipments With the American Ring Turnings Crusher, a créa«. ,iU e shown moderate in- STEEL SHREDDER big savings is realized in handling labor and ticallv n*e ew xveeks on prac- storage space, plus cutting oil reclamation unh,j.,„ ProduÇts, inventories continue yield increase of 30 to 50 gallons per ton. Warehcnl • ? wel1 ,)<,low normal, diKorçducerfh l 6 m,tereSts usas wen w el> as«S steel pro- Capacities up to 8 TPH. r.«. HilVenave beenhopn requested 1by-- OnCPA A t..to questionnaire indicating how Send for "Metal Turnings" Bulletin ">U°cL;r?"0nnaireCrtiilPfl fnnrmrtix indicating .. .1. '.. . l how __ distribut; c tonnage was shipped, and Under Cr ° c tonna2e prcductwise. quarter su i re"fe rating for fourth PULVERIZER COMPANY ti; obtain , .distributors are expected now nr *5? directive similar to that 1539 MACKLIND AVE. c p a '‘ ST. LOUIS 10, MO. r' active demand is reported for

f N 19, 1946 ÎSI up on larger carbon steel bars, notably cold-drawn. ing shipments. In some instances, mills alent for foreign copper has strength- have been forced to reshuffle schedules to New lork — Although mill shipments encd and business has been done at accumulate sufficient tonnage to meet 16.25c. are somewhat heavier steel warehouse minimum shipping requirements. Pro­ Available supply of lead has been re­ inventories are barely held by ration­ ducers are gathering data on direct- duced by moving ceiling back to 8.25c, ing some sizes and products, notably light shipment business for first quarter and carbon items including shapes and plates. will establish quotas for them in that New York, and the leading producer has Numerous industrial steel users, normally period. Although this type of business asked for restoration of 9.50c. Metals mill buyers, are filling in from ware­ has not been accepted for several months, Reserve Corp. bought 22,500 tons of house pending delivery from mills on the present backlog cannot be eliminated foreign lead at atha price for delivery in orders overdue. This, added to ordi­ until around mid-February. this quarter. nary inquiry, permits no building of in­ Seattle—Cast iron pipe buyers are The zinc industry expects the ceiling ventory. Some distributors have experi­ placing orders subject to indefinite de­ to move back to 9.50c at least but in enced an encouraging improvement in livery in 1947. The potential market the meantime business has been stag­ sheet receipts from mills, including gal­ is large in this area.. Snohomish, Wash, nant, limited mainly to sales at price at vanized although quotas are small. has placed 170 tons with H. G. Purcell, time of shipment. Movement of zinc 1 here is no improvement in nail supplv Seattle. Bids are in at Seattle for several has been sluggish to the point that con­ or carbon bars in small sizes. CPA is projects requiring 170 tons. Vancouver, sumers are more concerned as to sup­ checking on warehouse distribution third Wash., R. G. Lovett, city clerk, will plies over the next few weeks. Little quarter by-products, asking reports as open bids Aug. 28 for an unstated tonnage zinc is produced in this country within to disposal of certified tonnage and un­ of pipe and hydrants. the ceiling price. Foreign zinc has certified tonnage shipped. brought 10.50c, Gulf ports. Control has snarled distribution of the metal and Nonferrous Metals . . . only lifting of the ceiling in line with Tubular Goods . . . production costs appears to be the Nonfcrrous Prices, Page 173 remedy. Tubular Goods Prices, Page 169 New York — Shortages in various Cleveland—Production is close to an shapes, notably finished wire products, Effect of Rate Increase all-time high in this district and could continue in copper. Demand for wire move higher if steel were available bv is mounting and mill backlogs are On Steel Prices Clarified reopening of idle, less efficient mills. heavier. Wire rod supply is short and ( Concluded from Page 72) September quotas will remain unchanged Joss of production by strike restricts out­ at the August level although some pro­ put by a leading producer. Deliveries where freight is a factor in the formula ducers will be unable to meet this month’s "L .cT I)cr >“ July totaled 96,826 tons, provided under the schedule for quota and others are exceeding it. The 7o,2o8 tons foreign metal and 21,568 figuring a maximum price. latter producers are reducing the order tons domestic. For delivery over third In selling all new iron or steel prod­ backlog and expect to have it entirely quarter 30,000 tons of Chilean copper eliminated by the yearend. Shortage of ucts other than those mentiond above , 2s„„beern, bought by the government at freight cars and ODT regulations covering jobbers may use the higher freight rates conservation of rail equipment are delay­ j i ’ tlle same Price as the British paid last quarter. The New York equiv­ only when determining freight charges from shipping point to destination or when determining freight charges from listed cities to destination in figuring straightening lowest combination prices. Holders of excess stock for which a ^ ^ M A C H I N E maximum price is fixed under RPS-49 may use the higher freight rates in figur­ ing maximum prices in any instance where freight is a factor in the formula provided under the price schedule. Re­ sellers of excess stock who do not put the material through warehousing opera­ tions may use the higher freight rates in computing the freight factor from the basing point governing the destination to that destination. Resellers of excess stock who put the material through warehousing operations may apply the higher freight rates to such stock only to the same extent that the higher freight rates are applicable to their regular warehouse stocks of iron and steel products. STRUCTURAL SHAPES . . . STRUCTURAL STEEL PLACED

16,000 tons, plant, Celanese Corp-, H'“’ N. C„ to Bethlehem Steel Co., Bethlehem , n .

7500 tons, bearing piles, substructure, turing building, General Electric Co., Sc e tady, N. Y., to Camegie-Illinois Steel Corp.. P i tt s b u r g h ; S to n e & W e b ste r E ngu3eer Corp., Boston, contractor-engineer.

2500 tons, addition, gum refining plant, at 0& Tree, N. J., for L. A. Drefuss Co., Sta Island, New York, to Harris Structural REQUEST Co., New York. b u l l e t i n s F J LITTELL MACHINE CO. 2275 tons, highway bridge, relocation V. j- 4165 R AVEN5W0DD AVE.. CHICAGO 13, \LL h i g h w a y 6 6 , M itc h e ll, 111., fo r U . S. neer, St. Louis, to Stupp Bros. Bridge

/ t h e l MARKET NEWS

Co., St. Louis; Bushman Construction Co., St. Joseph, Mo., contractor; bids July 2. Crane Builders Since 1903 1300 tons, installations, Pennsylvania Power & Light Co., through. Foster, W heeler & Co., New York, to Bethlehem Steel Co., Bethle- hem, Pa. 1200 tons, fabricating and furnishing, two state bridges, Hamden, Conn., to American Bridge Co., Pittsburgh. 1120 tons, building, Doubleday 6c Co., Han­ over, Pa., through George A. Fuller 6c Co., New York City, to American Bridge Co., Pittsburgh. 855 tons, Public School No. 35, Brooklyn, N. Y., through John T. Brady, general contractor, to Lehigh Structural Steel Co., Allentown, Pa. 825 tons, mechanical test building and miscel­ laneous construction, Bureau of Yards and BEDFORD Æ 51 Docks, Navy, White Oak, Md., to Phoenix Bridge Co., Phoenixville, Pa.; Charles H. Tompkins Co., Washington, general contractor. CRAMES U IÎam* 700 tons, foundry building, Farrel-Birmingham Co. Inc., Ansonia, Conn., to American Bridge O R LIFT Co., Pittsburgh; Westcott 6c Mapes, New Haven, general contractor. Designed and Engineered Send for Your Copy 500 tons, coal preparation plant, Royalton, 111., for Franklin County Coal Corp., to American to meet Your Requirements o f Crane C atalog Bridge Co., Pittsburgh. 475 tons, addition, Skokie, III., for G. D. Searlc & Co., to Mississippi Valley Structural Steel ELECTRIC OVERHEAD TRAVELING CRANES Co., Decatur, 111.; George A. Fuller Co., Chi­ GANTRY CRANES • STEEL DERRICKS cago, contractor. 425 tons, boiler and powerhouse, Joseph BUILT TO YOUR SPECIFICATIONS Schlitz Brewing Co., Milwaukee, to Wis­ consin Bridze 6c Iron Works, Milwaukee, STRUCTURAL STEEL • STEEL BUILDINGS through Kulgian Engineering Co., Philadel­ phia. AIRPLANE HANGARS 310 tons, supersonic wind tunnels, Bureau of Yards and Docks, Navy, White Oak, Md., to BEDFORD FOUNDRY & MACHINE CO. *7 Pittsburgh-Des Moines Steel Co., Pittsburgh; Fabricator« Bedford, Indiana, U.S.A. a.»!«. Charles H. Tompkins Co., Washington, gen­ eral contractor. 285 tons, plant addition, Republic Aviation Corp., Farmingdale, L. I., to American Bridge Co., Pittsburgh. 250 tons, gray iron foundry and office building, Skokie, 111., for Wells Mfg. Co., to Mississippi Valley Structural Steel Co., Decatur, 111.; City-Wide Construction Co. Inc., contractor. 230 tons, engineering school, University of Buffalo, to Bethlehem Steel Co., Lacka­ wanna, N. Y.; John W . Cowper Co. Inc., Buffalo, contractor. 200 tons, store addition for Flint 6c Kent, Buffalo, R. S. McMannus Steel Construction Co., Buffalo; Siegfried Construction Co., Buf­ falo, contractor. 155 tons, crane runway, Chicago, for Griffin Wheel Co., to Mississippi Valley Structural Steel Co., Decatur, 111. 110 tons, plant building, Bay State Optical Co., Attleboro, Mass., to W est End Iron Works, Cambridge, Mass.; Temple 6c Crane Inc., Boston, general contractor. U? office for Bell Telephone Co., Clear- rid, Pa., to Bethlehem Steel Co., Bethlehem, Pa. 100 tons, galvanizing building, York Corp., ork, pa., to Bethlehem Steel Co., Bethle­ hem, pa. 100 tons, addition for Lake Erie Engineering ^rp.» Tonawanda, N. Y., to R. S. McMannus p Construction Co., Buffalo; Siegfried astruction Co., Buffalo, contractor.

STRUCTURAL STEEL PENDING — so sh all you sle e p —to a w a k e n re fre sh e d for a bus} 4500 tons, New York state bridge; specifications day in industrial Detroit. Those coveted inner- eiPected out shortly. springs (out for the duration) are still with us! 1000 tons, power plant, Coffer Dam, etc., St. ^te. Marie, Mich., for ' j Engineers; bids Aug. 14; project post­ poned indefinitely. 650® tons, hangars, Brazilian government. q 0ns> onemical specialties building, Toledo, OUTSIDE ROOMS ALL WITH PRIVATE BATH .. . SINGLE FROM 52.50 . . . DOUBLE FROM $4.00 Charles H. Lott, Genera! Manag« 900 > v os. factory building, Chicago, for Edith

^gust 19, 1946 MARKET N EWS

Building Corp. Unstated, laundry building for Buffalo General for Illinois Bell Telephone Co.; George A. Hospital, Buffalo. Fuller Co., Chicago, contractor; bids Aug. 12. 500 tons, board mill, Natchez, Miss., for Ford, Bacon & Davis. 124 tons, steel joists, apartment building, Madi­ REINFORCING BARS . .. son, Wis., for University of Wisconsin; George 500 tons, three-story office building, General REINFORCING BARS PLACED A. Fuller Co., Chicago, contractor. Electric Co., West Lynn, Mass.; Turner Con­ struction Co., Boston, general contractor. 6500 tons, sewage plant, Chicago, for Sanitary District of Chicago, to Ceco Steel Products p l a t e s . . . 500 tons, kettle house, Colgate-Palmolive- Corp., Cicero, 111.; M. J. Boyle & Co., Chi­ Peet Co., Jersey City, N. J.; project revived. cago, contractor; bids May 23. PLATES PLACED 412 tons, Baltimore & Ohio bridge and under­ 1500 tons, four warehouses for Publicker Com­ 200 tons, storage tanks, Pacific Oil Co., Tiver­ pass at Silver Springs, Md.; bids opened by mercial Alcohol Co. at Linfield, Pa., to ton, R. I., to Bethlehem Steel Co., Bethlehem, Maryland State Hoads Commission, Aug. 26. Bethlehem Steel Co., Bethlehem, Pa.; also Pa. 400 tons, warehouse B, Grand Coulee dam, 700 tons for similar warehouse in Mifflin Odair, Wash., for U. S. Bureau of Reclama­ St., Philadelphia. PLATES PENDING tion. 149 tons, bridge, Sec. 1-F, McLean 355 tons, mechanical test building and miscel­ COO tons, 10,000,000-gallon welded steel reser­ county, Illinois, for state; bids Aug. 9 with laneous construction, Bureau of Yards and voir; Washington, D. C. Suburban Sanitary Illinois Steel Bridge Co., Jacksonville, 111., Docks, Navy, White Oak, Md., to Rosslyn Commission, Sept. 6; also 15,300 feet, six to low. Steel & Cement Co., Washington; Charles 20-inch cast iron pipe, Aug. 23. 300 tons, power station, Virginia Electric Co., II. Tompkins Co., Washington, general con­ tractor. Unstated tonnage, plate steel discharge pipes, Oppossum, Va.; Stone ¿k Webster Engineer­ Columbia Basin project, bureau of reclama­ ing Corp., Boston, engineer-contractor. 175 tons, steel joists, manufacturing building, tion, Denver, W estern Pipe & Steel Co. of 200 tons, temporary work, Staten Island ferry Lincoln, 111., for Lelm & Fink Products Corp., Calif., San Francisco, $1,208,000 f.o.b. San terminal, New York City Department oi Ma­ to Bethlehem Steel Co., Bethlehem, Pa.; B-W Francisco; Puget Sound Machinery Depot, rine and Aviation closing bids Sept. 1; this Construction Co., Chicago, contractor. Seattle, $1,256,019 f.o.b. Seattle, spec. 1338. step follows heavy damage to terminal by fire .120 tons, supersonic wind tunnels, Bureau of Unstated. 70 steel pontoons, Gunderson Bros., several weeks ago. Yards and Docks, Navy, White Oak, Md., to Portland, Oreg., low to U. S. engineer. 200 tons, storage building for American Chain Rosslyn Steel & Cement Co., Washington; Unstated, 4 million-gallon elevated water tank; & Cable Co., York, Pa. Charles H. Tompkins Co., Washington, gen­ bids to Portland, Oreg.; Sept. 4t 100 tons, factory building for Charles Lcnning eral contractor. Co., Bridesburg, Pa. REINFORCING BARS PENDING pipe . . . 190 tons, Weston’s bridge, Saco river, Fryeburg, Me.; bids July 24 rejected. 1500 tons, housing project, South Boston. CAST IRON PIPE PLACED 155 tons, power plant, Bridgeport Brass Co., 1000 tons, power plant, Sault Ste. Marie, Mich., 170 tons, various sizes for Snohomish, Mash., for U. S. Engineer: bids Aug. 14; project Bridge£>ort, Conn.; Stone & Webster Engi­ to H. G. Purcell, Seattle, for U. S. Pipe & postponed indefinitely. neering Corp., Boston, engineer-contractor. Foundry Co., Burlington, N. J. 675 tons, Dorena dam, Oregon; bids to U. S. 120 tons, bridge, Sec. 45-F, Pike county, Illi­ CAST IRON PIPE PENDING nois, for state; bids Aug. 9 with Illinois Steel engineer, Portland, Sept. 4. Bridge Co., Jacksonville, 111., low. 650 tons, water filtration plant, Hammond, Ind., 170 tons, several local improvements, Seattle, Unstated, two-span steel truss state bridge, In­ for city; Joseph J. Duffy Co., Chicago, low general bids in. on general contract; bids Aug. 10. dependence, Oreg.; plans approved for $640,- 140 tons, eight-inch, cement-lined, Panama; 000, 1947 construction. 515 tons, No. 2 toll office building, Chicago, bids in. Unstated, various sizes and accessories; bids to R. G. Lovett, Vancouver, Wash., city clerk, Aug. 28. STEEL PIPE PENDING the “ BIG IDEA” in Unstated tonnage, 5000 linear feet, ^ 'i nc_n black; 1000 feet, 12-inch, and 1000 feet, four-inch, water division, District of Co urn every L 0 VEJ 0 Y L-R bia; bids Aug. 19. Unstated tonnage, 32,520 linear feet 14-inches Flexible Coupling welded steel pipe, 85 fittings, U. S. Engmee , Portland, Ore., Oregon Culvert & Pipe 0>* job. Portland, low, $64,460.85. RAILS, CARS . . . The "big Idea" back of every job that leaves our plant, is that each Lovejoy RAILROAD CARS PLACED Flexible Coupling must be rig h t fo r the Illinois Central, 400 steel hopper duties it is inten d ed . . . This close a p ­ eral American Transportation Corp., 11Ci- plication to the needs of our customers Northern Pacific, 250 refrigerator cvai*’r comes about through our engineering cific Car & Foundry’ Co., Seattle, • service available to everyone, and through close study of our customer's Pacific Fruit Express, 3000 refrigerator needs in flexible couplings. A wide 1000 to Mt. Vernon, 111., plant of !*• LOVEJ 0Y Steel Car Co., Pittsburgh; 50CI each to variety of sizes, cushion materials, etc., Pullman-Standard Car Mfg* Co., is available from stock. Couplings Pacific Car & Foundry Co., Seatt e, from 1 /6 to 2500 H.P. can be fur­ General American Car Transportation > nished. Write today for catalog and L-R Flexible Chicago; and American Car & Foun O ^ » quick finding Selector Charts. New York; these aic in addition placed earlier in the year and div i e Couplings among the last four mentioned 1111 W estern Maryland, 200 fifty-ton steel sheath^ box cars, to Bethlehem Steel Co., e Pa. RAILROAD CARS PENDING LOVEJ 0Y Board of Transportation, New York, 400 j subway cars, BMT and Independent di rapid transit System; bids Sept. oU. Flexible Coupling Co. Western Maryland, 500 fiftv-ton hopper cars, ^ Also Manufacturers of IDEAL bids asked. Mechanical Power Transmission Equipment locomotives p e n d in g 9-S-0 tyf* 5071 W. Lake Street, Chicago 44, Hi. National Railways of Mexico; ten l -_- -1 - 1.. I - o cl’pn

/ T E E L 184 THE MAKERS OF RADIOS FIND THIS NEW AU STEEL CONVEYOR

AS IT

Sfeeedd 'P%

(I/ fi° P e If s **Pt>i’ ^-ed q

çen tu field» ^ar'v ^ b ii- > ° n l * £ ' £ > > » % t < l° ?** Ves ° ns for °Jects a ’n f r nes, r r « A i S î ï Æ ^

/•»“ ‘Ji fh IS •re- //;- /;Y TÏ o °re’s n l e W . * * job J ' p n d ? 0//r üy! ssssti

ICTWITIIiaMIMBailBMBIUBBBBMWWWHBSKfiM Photo Courtesy Galvin Mfg. Corp. • The Galvin Mfg. Corporation originally ordered Steel Parts Conveyors for use in their cafeteria. W hen engineers saw how smooth running, silent and efficient this new steel belt conveyor was, they moved it onto the production NEW YORK • CH ICAGO PORTLAND • SEATTLE lines where, they report, its no-sag flat working surface DENVER SAN FRANCISCO and trouble-free operation has speeded assembly and in­ spection beyond all expectations. Galvin is not alone in their enthusiasm for this new all steel conveyor. The list of satisfied users reads like a roll call of the Blue Book of American Industry. It is a conveyor that is ideally suited for countless applications. Find out how the new Steel Parts Conveyor can speed your materials handling job. Mail the attached coupon today.

„« "Sh^9o"', 10 1,° " I Lake Superior iron Qfes &**.*«>« B*»e«n«r NUdte«*10 HonJflwenwr Bai'«— P«*"d,v AlonrfnUwoo» The SHENANGO

VARIABLE SPEED MOTOR f u r n a c e A LL STBEL SILENT MOVING BELT PERFECTLY FLAT WORKING SURFACE Com paq EASY TO IN STA LL-EA SY TO MAINTAIN r - - TK oiC t& 04, n Oliver Building. Pittsburgh. Forrur uciuidetailed descriptive booklet. Send to: MANUFACTURING CO. DIVISION OF BLACKSTONE \ST£Ei?ARTS MANUFACTURING CO. 218 S. M organ St., C hicago 7

P o s it io n _ W. P.’ SNYDER & COMPANY A d d r e s s _ J*8^ ' ,ron * Coal and Coke • Oliver Bldg., Pittsünrgb. Penna.

A«sust 19, 1946 185 Keystone Electric Co., is also president of CONSTRUCTION AND ENTERPRISE the Keystone Foundry Inc.

ALABAMA foot office building here, to cost about BALTIMORE— Armco Drainage & Metal Co. $1,800,000. F. V. Prather, 3 South Michigan Inc., subsidiary of American Rolling Mill OPELIKA, ALA.— J. L. Whatley, president of Ave., Chicago, is architect. Co., M iddletown, O., is building a plant on Board of Commissioners, plans a sewage a five-acre tract on Washington Blvd. for treatment plant and sewer extensions, to cost manufacture of metal culvert pipe and $580,000. Polglaze & Basenberg, Empire INDIANA storage tanks and to do general metal fab­ Bldg., Birmingham, are consulting engineers. rication. N. R. Cressman is production su­ EVANSVILLE, IND.— Bucyrus-Erie Mfg. Co., pervisor, with offices in the Court Square CONNECTICUT E. W. Estes, local manager, plans a plant B ld g . addition to cost about $80,000. BALTIMORE— International Harvester Co. is SHELTON, CONN.— Shelton Tack Co., Canal FORI WAYNE, IND.— General Electric Co., building a 400 x 420-foot warehouse and St., has let contract to F. J. Smith, 76 1635 Broadway, lias plans for a one-storv 100 x 140-foot office building on a nine- Minerva St., Derby, Conn., for rebuilding a 712 x 842-foot, two-story 45 x 322-foot and plant structure at cost of about $70,000. acre tract at W ashington Blvd. and Collins 18 x 106-foot plant additions, estimated to St., with additional units to follow. Present cost about $750,000. J. Gordon Turnbull facilities at 81 Mosher St., contain 50,000 ILLINOIS Inc., 2630 Chester Ave., Cleveland, is archi­ square feet floor space. te c t. CHICAGO'—Enamel Steel Sign Corp., 2647 BALTIMORE— Kelco Corp., 4020 East Balti­ West Arthington St., has let contract to H. INDIANAPOLIS— Steel Framing Products Co. more St., manufacturer of dust-collecting, Borre & Son, 3808 West North Ave., for a 1977 Madison Ave., K. Paul Thicry, presi­ conveying,, ventilating and cooling systems, two-story 191 x 192-foot plant building, esti­ dent, will start fabrication of Quonset huts in addition to other sheet metal and stainless mated to cost about $175,000. Michaelson of various sizes and other steel products. steel products, is building a new plant, one Rabig & Ramp, 3256 West Franklin St., are NEW ALBANY, IND.— Indiana Mfg. Co. Inc., story, 150 x 154 feet, at 4015 East Baltimore architects. 1900 East Main St., has been incorporated St., lo double output. M. J. Kelly is presi­ d e n t. CHICAGO— Ingersoll Steel & Disc Division of witn 200 shares of $100 par value to manu­ Borg Warner Conn, 310 South Michigan facture machinery, by Carl K. Helman, Gar­ BALTIMORE— Gilbert Cummins & Co., 2800 Ave., has let contract to Lovis & Raffin, 3Sf nett M. Selveking and Harry J. Klein. Frederick Ave., electroplater, is building a East 116th St., for a one-story 83 x 383-foot 2000-square foot shipping warehouse with plant addition, to cost about $80,000. L. D. IOWA 200-foot loading platform. Gilbert Cummins Herb, 7959 South Throop St., is architect. is president.

CHICAGO— Norton Co., 4737 South Christiana WEBSTER CITY, IOWA— Charles Closs Co BALTIMORE— Marietta Concrete Co., with St., has let contract to George A. Fuller Co., has let contract to Zitterell Mills, 607 Pros- general offices at M arietta, O., is building a Ill West Washington St., for a one-story $75*000* f°r a 1>,ant buiIding lo cost aboi,t $100,000 plant on a 71/&-acre site at Pulaski 1-0 x 220-foot top addition to plant. Mundie, Hy. and Race Rd., for manufacture of con­ Jensen & McCJurg, 39 South LaSalle St., crete slabs for silos and storage bins. are architects. MARYLAND

LINCOLN, ILL.—Lehn & Fink Products MICHIGAN BALTIMORE— Keystone Foundry Inc. has let Corp., 683 Fifth Ave., New York, has let contract for a one and two-story foundry general contract to R-W Construction Co., building 40 x 85 feet at 1210 Ridgely St., BANGOR, MICH.— Du-Well Metal Products 307 North Michigan Ave., Chicago, for a for production of gray iron castings for Inc., Cemetery Rd., has been incorporated 427 x 500-foot plant building and 60 x 200- electrical work. R. K. Hoke, president of with 1000 shares no par value to manufac­ ture die castings, by Ted Bator, Bangor.

DEARBORN, MICH.— Allen Mfg. Co., 126S0 Allen Rd., has been incorporated with $12,000 capital to manufacture tools, dies and fixtures, by Albert Bourgault, 10974 Telegraph Rd., Inkster, Mich.

DETROIT— Rite-Metal Products Co., 19163 Mound Rd., has been incorporated with $50,000 capital to manufacture machinery, by Roger C. Dolphyn, 5806 Eastlawn Ave.

DETROIT— Dew Spray Products Inc., 517 Dime Bldg., has been incorporated with $20,000 capital to manufacture water sprinklers, tools and implements, by Paul DiGiovanni, 3978 Canton Ave. DETROIT— Universal Gear Works Inc., 1301 East McNichols Rd., has been incorporated with $200,000 capital to manufacture gears, dies and tools, by Samuel R. Greenbaum, 2075 Onkman Blvd. DETROIT— T. E. K. Industries Inc., 15®* Bates St., has been incorporated with $50,0 • Standard Euclid Cranes are available in capital to operate a machine shop, by ar Brenkhart Jr., 26336 Wyoming St. capacities of 3, 5, 7-1/2, 10, 15, 20 and 2 5 DETROIT— Multi-Therm Mfg. Co.. tons in various spans. Over 9 0 % o f your Linwood Ave., has been incorporated wi $50,000 capital to manufacture gas burners, material handling requirements can be met furnaces and heaters, by Martin Friedlan er, with standard Euclids, whether they are put 2902 Burlingame St. to Special or General Purpose use. DETROIT— Arrowhead Industries Inc., MW Penobscot Bldg., has been incorporated w $100,000 capital to manufacture m« Euclid Crane construction embodies high stampings, by Elmer A. Martindale, - grade, wide face, coarse pitch gearing John R St., RFD No. 4, Box 550, Bo. throughout with extra strength shafts and anti-friction bearings to assure O a k T w p . longer life and lower power consumption, DETROIT— Edward W. Duffy & Co., 5840 W est Jefferson Ave., has been *ncorpo^ioe with $150,000 capital to manufacture p ^ j valves and fittings, by Eva D. Du >, THE EUCLID CRANE & HOIST COMPANY East Jefferson Ave. 1355 CHARDON ROAD • EUCLID, OHIO DETROIT— Bemet Machine Products Co., Ellery St., has been incorporated $50,000 capital to manufacture ni products, by George F. Bean, -0 fellow Ave. r 3402 DETROIT— Koppy Tool & Die Ellery St., has been incorporated 'V1 , " 000 capital to manufacture dies, **» * f TE E L longer useful lif e .

For flat die, drop or upset forgings, cell the nearest Kropp engi­ neering representative or send blueprints direct for immediate quotation. Production facility is available todayI

KROPP FORGE COMPANY 5301 W. Roosevelt Road, Chicago 50, 111.

Uniform peening calls for the most uniform peening shot— IN FACE OF and one that will wear even­ WIDE ly and slowly with minimum shattering. COMPETITION 20th Century Peening Shot is most uniform by actual Rotap tests.

SEAMLESS And for blast cleaning use HIGH PRESSURE 20th Century Steel Shot and Grit, made by an Exclusive Scientific Heat Treating process. It is so hard, so tough that you can depend

on it for maximum service STEEL SHOT before wearing down to an­ other size range — an im­ FOR ALL COMPRESSED portant feature because and LIQUEFIED GASES there is a size of abrasive DIAMETERS UP TO 13" that will do your cleaning most effectively. HOT DRAWN Made in all sizes. Write for FROM CARBON MANGANESE Samples and Price List. and CHROME MOLY STEELS Carefully Made Rigidly Inspected

Other TISCO Products: MANGANESE STEEL CASTINGS • ALLOY & CARBON STEEL CAST­ INGS • FROGS • SWITCHES SPECIAL TRACKWORK MISC. SEAMLESS TUBING

SINCE 1742 Main Office and Plant: 880 E. 67th Street, CLEVELAND 8, OHM Howell Works: Howell, Ml ch. N E W BUSINESS

mul fixtures, by Louis Koppy, 17596 Oak dent, will install additional equipment to ex­ pand its electroplating production. DE™ 0? T Metr0 Engineering & Mfg. Co. •X. < ^ '’itlcru Ave-> has been incorporated OKLAHOMA with $150,000 capital to manufacture tools BLU1I1E, CALIF.— Southern California Gas i™ .n lg,S and fixturcs- by Frank H. Bob, 17340 Annchester Rd. Co. and Southern Counties Gas Co., 810 South Flower St., Los Angeles, plan a 15,000- OAK PARK, MICH.— Oak Gage & Die Co lip compressor station to cost over $850,000. 14401 West Eleven Mile ltd., has been B. M. Laulhere is engineer. When you incorporated with $50,000 capital to manu­ facture tools, dies, gages and fixtures, by HAWTHORNE. CALIF.— Steel Products Mfg. George E. Scanlan Jr., 2280 Bacon St Co., 3700 W hittier Blvd., Los Angeles, has Berkley, Mich. ’ building permit for a plant building at 12o30 South 5 ukon Ave., Hawthorne, cover­ want ing 18,000 square feet, to cost about MISSISSIPPI $40,000. NATCHEZ, MISS.—Johns-Manville Com. 22 LOS ANGELES— Dyrr Machinery Works, 3715 East 40th St., New York, has let contract to East Florence Blvd., Bell, Caiif., has permit to go Ford, Bacon & Davis, 39 Broadway, New for shop building at 5719 District Blvd., Los lork, for a factory estimated to cost about Angeles, covering 3200 square feet, to cost $o million. about S9000. LOS ANGELES— American Metal Products places.. N EW JERSEY Co., 2310 Griffith Ave., has let contract for a one-story plant building,at 2915 Compton 1 BENTON, N J.—Crescent Insulated Wire ,V Ave., covering 20,000 square feet, to cost Co-> 319 North Olden Ave., has let about $50,000. contract to M. J. Rich, same address, for a 4-Story 6b x 70-foot power plant to cost LOS ANGELES— Harry Sklar has building about $60,000. permit for a metal stamping plant at 3428 East 22nd St., 40 x 100 feet, costing about $15,000. N EW YORK LOS ANGELES—California Metal Enameling ° r;';AN- N- Y— Globe-Union Inc., R. E. Stowe, Co., 2151 East 51st St., has CPA approval Glean ,n charge, plans a one-storv plant for for a plant addition costing $15,000. manufacture of spark plugs and roller skates to cost about $175,000. PASADENA, CALIF.— CPA approval has been granted to Fletcher Aviation Corp., 190 West Colorado St., for a storage building % NORTH CAROLINA at 309 South Raymond St., to cost about $18,000. CHARLOTTE, N. C.-WWteliead Trov Ma­ RICHMOND, CALIF.— Parr-Richmond Terminal chinery Co., Wilkmson Blvd., is having plans Corp., 1 Drumm St., San Francisco, plans a drawn for a manufacturing building to cost about $150,000. foundrv, office and warehouse building to cost about $250,000. E. L. Bloomster, 116 New Montgomery St., San Francisco, is engi­ OHIO neer.

ASHLAND, O —Mohican Mfg. Co., recently in SAN FRANCISCO—Pacific Gas & Electric Co., corporate,! by R. C. McCoy, attorney, 10 245 Market St., plans a steam generator plant Farmers Bank Bldg., with $25,000 capital addition and two 100,000-hp turbine genera­ Will manufacture metal and wood furniture tors and boilers, to cost over $20 million. and novelties. Stone & Webster Engineering Corp., 49 Fed­ eral St., Boston, arc consulting engineers. BEnwn°AD’ ° ~ \ las,er T°°> Co., 5605 Her- VERNON, CALIF.— Harvey Machine Co., 6200 e? Cleveland, has bought a one-story war plant here formerly operated by Ferro Avalon Blvd., has let contract to Pozzo Con­ Enamel Co., containing 32,000 square feet struction Co., 2403 Riverside Dr., Los An­ floor space and will equip for manufacture of geles, for a one-story plant building, to cost pneumatic tools, chrome plating and anodiz- over $75,000. ^ lien you want to go places M. Brown is president. VAN NUYS, CALIF.— Geo Machine Co. has CHAGBIN FALLS, O.—Falls Industries Inc., building permit for a 20 x 40-foot machine and see things in Cleve­ G. Herman Brandt, 2301 Bcllficld Rd., Clevel shop addition to cost $10,000. land Heights, O., president, recently incor­ land, it will be more con­ porated, has received permission from the PENNSYLVANIA zoning commission for establishment of a ERIE, PA.— Eric Castings Co., Kenneth T. Guy- venient and more pleasant uiTi •. nlam!facture of small specialty er, president, is equipping for foundry use a metal items, precisely machined. former boiler plant at Sixteenth and German to start from friendly, CLEVELAND—Forker Corp., 1302 East 47th Sts. New equipment is being installed. St., manufacturer of overhead monorail con­ NEW HOLLAND, PA.—Now Holland Machine hospitable Hotel Cleveland. veyor systems, has bought 2$4 acres at 2066 Co. is having plans prepared for a plant au­ Random Rd., containing a one-storv plant dition to cost over $400,000. building with 14,000 square feet floo'r space, Adjoining Union Passenger and will build a warehouse building. PHILADELPHIA—Phillips Petroleum Co.. 225 South Fifteenth St., has plans in preparation Terminal, Garage and Ter­ C(innNv!U?' J?’ Nntionai Cylinder Gas Co. for a bulk oil plant, estimated to cos T I Sk,dm°re St-. bas let contract to $100,000. minal office buildings. Close i. J. Schirtzniger Construction Co., 323 West spring St., for an oxygen and acetylene manu­ YORK, PA.— York Ccrp. has .-plans u n d e r way facturing plant to- cost about $150,000. for plant expansion and additional facilities, to stores, theatres, Public to cost about $700,000. ELYRIA, O —American Radiator & Standard Hall, Stadium, boat docks. Sanitary Corp., Woodford Ave., has expan­ WEST VIRGINIA sion urogram to cost about $3 million, first development being an addition to steel fur- COLLIERS, W. VA.— Collier Steel Corp. has an naee department, costing $250,000, other expansion nrogram under way, to u. developments to follow. Henry M. Reed $75,000, including a 60 x 100-foot add;non Jr. Pittsburgh, is general manager of manu­ to the stamping building, a similar add» HOTEL facturing. Frank P. Weil is local manager. to the assembly building, an electrolytic zin plating unit, an infrared drying machine a CLEVELAND ELJ KIA’,° -—Mi,f°rd Rivet & Machine Co., 15 presses. Ray Carroll is plant manager. Z l t ; v i- neV."'1'1 buiId a I>lant addition Cleveland, Ohio costing $4o,000, to enlarge capacity for WISCONSIN production of tubular and split rivet.; sand SOUTH MILWAUKEE, WTS.—Bucyrus Ene eold-ueaded specialties. J. A. Sharkey is general manager. Co., has let contract to Permanent Cons tion Co.. 4100 North Third St., Milwaukee, SANDUSKY, O.—Bechtel-McLaughlin Inc., 930 for a one-story 62 x 380-foot plate s »op 3 West Water St., Ronald W. Bechtel, prcsi- dition, estimated ’to cost about $200,( ISS /TEEL We will job bend pipe and tube on contract. Consult # such, as only a Hoist with the following built-in features us for rates and delivery. can give—see the PEDRICK TOOL & MACHINE CO. 3640 N. Lawrence Street PHILADELPHIA 40, PA. ELECTRIC CABLE HOIST The Hoist that is Lighter— More Accessible SMALLER—STRONGER dust, fume and moisture proof

Write for interesting facts today.

safer, longer, at lower cost— when lubricated with

LEADODLENE the *" I. P.” LUBRICANT & Ä 70yws A large Eastern steel mill using Timken exW nence bearings on their 60 inch strip mill specified LEADOLENE, the lu­ bricant, with these gratifying results — 'drynecks" were eliminated, grease Z LV crm c caM . h o i s t consumption dropped 33 T3 %, b e a r­ ing life was greatly increased!

* Indestructible pH-ilm LISBON HOIST I CRANE COMPANY PIONEERS OF BETTER HOISTS, LIFTING AND CONVEYING EQUIPMENT Division or tut wiicht nil CO Pittsburgh 19, Pennsylvania * Cleveland, Ohio * Hamilton, Ontario, Warehouses: In Principal Industrial Cities LISBON, OHIO

August 19, 1946 1 8 9 It positively...

For Toughest Blast Cleaning and Surface Peening SHOT- • Controlled screening and grading. H l-G rad e G rit Is • Withstands repeated strain, stress thicker, sturdier, and wear in blasting equipment tougher. Exceptional • ITS TENSILE STRENGTH AND abrasive qualities. Its construction gives TOUGHNESS IS ESPECIALLY longer usage. Def­ KEEPS BOLTED ASSEMBLIES ADAPTABLE FOR PEENING. initely reduces oper­ ating costs. • Uniform roundness of shot permanently Pellets are fully utilized on impact. TIGHT • Lack of irregular shapes and hollows results in highest ef­ ficiency. BEALL helical SPRING WASHERS have “live action" • Free from dust and other residue. and constantly exert tightening pressure over a long • Slowness in wearing down pro­ range. They compensate for AIL causes of looseness duces longer life and maximum including vibration, bolt stretch, wear and break­ usage. down of finish under the nut and bolt head. • Its secret alloying and tempering IN STOCK in all Standard Sizes; made of Carbon process prevents rusting and re­ Steel, Stainless Steel, Everdur and Duronze. duces impact fractures. | Write for FREE Test Material | BEALL TOOL DIV. (Hubbard & Co.) 25 Sizes To Meet Your Problem 110 Shamrock St., EAST ALTON, ILL.

CLAYTON SHERMAN ABRASIVES COMPANY BEALL 3896 LONYO ROAD . DEPT. C • DETROIT 10, MICH. Spring W ASHERS

OVERHEAD TRAVELING CRANES • AC and D C A R C W E LD E R S • W ELD IN G ELECTRODES N T I A L W E L D IN G P O S IT IO N E R S • ELECTRIC HOISTS STEEL CAR CO., FINDLAY, OHIO INDUSTRIAL CRAWLER CRANES Air Dump Cars, Mine Cars, 4411 W. National Ave-, Milwaukee 14, WIs. Locomotives, Lorries AXLES5 Trains and Iu C O R P O A A T I P S - j Complete Haulage Systems m r o u • ¡iniiie cm;s ■ uc tokk P«H lil!ls • ilIitlllii ' IIIIIIi

AUTOMATIC — H IG H SPEED ••• HEAVY D U T Y

Machines for J/16' to 3/4’ Rod. Rounds and Shapes. TH E LEW 'S MACHINE CO., 3450 E. 76th St., Cleveland, Ohio

COMPLETE. GASOLINE - DIESEL Atpmbpr Metal Jreattng Institute HEAT TREATING ----- FACILITIES for Ferrous and ITTSBURGH Nonferrous'Metals COMMERCIAL HEAT TREATING CO. STEAM - EIEC7RIC I 49TH ST. & A.V.R.R. PITTSBURGH, PA Hi OHIO L0C0M0TIYE CRANE Co. ,0âï£>u‘

TheffasZest Se/ZZnq J r c We/Jer on

HOBART BROTHERS CO., Box S T - 862, TROY, OHIO ACCURACY—CONTROL— DELIVERY At “Industrial”—teamwork counts! A line-up of skilled craftsmen and batteries of modern equipment form a combination hard to beat.

CUT GEARS* SPROCKETS «RACKS ||k a re “big league” c a lib r e . Wherever outstanding per- ISiy * vv formance is required, look to “Industrial.” Whatever your needs, it will pay you to consult with “Industrial” engineers. We’ll work to your specifications and make “on time” delivery. Write Jor our catalog and hand- ip J & d - book on your company letterhead. INDUSTRIAL GEAR MFG. CO. 4545 VAN BURCN STREET CHICAGO 24.IUIN01S

LETTERS & FIGURES SHFETV FOR EVERY HCAVY BEVCL MARKING PURPOSE smmps

Here are the most widely known and most ORNAMENTAL—INDUSTRIAL practical stamps for all marking purposes. NO SPALLING Made of MECCO alloy steel which elimi­ NO MUSH­ For All Purposes nates dangerous spoiling and mushrooming. ROOMING 87 Years of Metal Perforating 25% TO 50% Prompt Shipments MORE SERVICE Send for Metal Sample Plate» r ttNNlNGHflMCO. LESS FATIGUE THE ERDLE PERFORATING CO. Ztfà. SAFETY STEEL STAMPS W RITE FOR 171 Ywk Street Rochester, N.Y. LITERATURE 172 Carson St., Pittsburgh 19, Pa.

WELDED PRODUCTS FROM OPEN HEARTH AND ALLOY STEELS

Pressure Vessels ... Galvanizing Kettles ... An­ nealing Covers ... Tin Pots . . . Salt Annealing Pots . . . Wire Annealing Pots . . . and Special ------^ Plate Work.

ANNEALING BOX COMPANYW aPigASMEl STRESS RELIEVING Pledged to Quality Since 1895 WË C O f t r SB ^ * ^ 8 Jj WASHINGTON, PENNA. Ê m U' 69 t X-RAY TESTING \.LO Y• ROUND • FLA T • SHAPES Thousands of kinds, shapes and sizes of steel in stock at eleven plants. C a ll Ryerson firs! for prompt action on steel. JosephT. Ryerson &Son/fne; WIRE Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Louis, A11 sizes and finishes Detroit, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Pittsburgh, Philadelphia, Boston, ALSO WIRE SCREEN CLOTH Buffalo, New York. THE SENECA WIRE & MFG.CO. FOSTORIA, OHIO

Steel Makers Since 1871 e l m o n t s r o n ia/ o r k s B PHILADELPHIA I NEW YORK ™ EDDYÏTOM E ngineers - Contractors - Exporters STRIP STRUCTURAL S T EEL — BUILDINGS & BRIDGES R i v e t e d —A r c w e l d e d B e l m o n t interlocking c h a n n e l f l o o r STEEL Writ, for Catalogue M .ln W in — Phlla., Pa. New York Office — 44 W hitehall St. ,

Full Warehouse Service BARS • STRUCTURALS PLATES* SHEETS■ * Hot Rolled-Cold Rolled from Special Carbon — Alloys COLD FINISHED * ETC. \ STOCK Write for M onthly Stock U%f j The STANLEY WORKS AMERICAN PETROMETAL CORP. / Broadway at 11th S t.. Iona island City 2. IT K m New Britain, Bridgeport, Conn.—Hamilton, Ont. ■ ■ w m •« am mm wm m m m m m m m m m ^

LADLE SLEEVES . NOZZLES NOWS THE TIME TO RE-CONVERT FOUNDRY GATES . RUNNERS (Longer Lengths) Clay Manufacturers Since 1889 Also other Refractories NATIONAL FIREPROOFING CORPORATION PITTSBURGH 12. P A . SHAW1NIGAN PRODUCTS CORPORATION ** 3 5 0 FIFTH AVENUE. NEW YORK 1. N.Y.

For Man-Hour Savings— For Better, Smoother Work— (2^X7) X(4| XSfc) = USE A "HOLE-HOG”

•Boring — rough, semi-finish and finish »Honing I • Milling (special machines) • Straight Line Drillers Universal Adjustable Spindle Drillers • Way Type Machines— horizontal and vertical drilling, tapping 1 7 -L Y IA ^ — £7? y 2048" — and boring machines. »7|h X I6 7 H ^ “X 4S g r i i =27£.53tf Since 1901, Moline machine tools have been producing better work, continuously, at greater I-*! I production and man-hour i ! ■ CLOSE FIGURING savings. They are rug- j f f S S i t ' B gedly built and engi- 0 y buyers and sellers of neered to fit your par- 1 n ood used or surplus ma- tlcular needs, but are NflflHSI H ' easy to change over to vnery and supplies adds other jobs. p to / T E E L ' s "Used Write us for informa­ tion concerning machine nd Rebuilt Equipment" tool equipment for your action. Rates are mod- special problems. ate . . . results are ex- silent. M ake no mistake bout it and send your sfructions to /TEEL, *nton Building, Cleve- 1 nd 13, Ohio. MOLINE TOOL COMPANY 109 20th Street Moline, Illinois

/ TE E L 192 t & e TORCH t y o n T f a e hem t&U ftijhrtfft) /ictvaxtaae ?

Torch fa ilu re s ------aai Operating difficulties usually begin at this point

Most Combination and Welding Torches make up A sk Us A b o u t T hom —any small stamp­ on 'metal to metal’ joints, and, naturally, over a ings your product may require. Illustrated period of regular use, this joint fails because of are just a few of the thousands of diver­ 'galling', the accumulation of dust particles and just sified forms Hubbard has produced. Look them over; one may be close to what you ordinary wear, BUT, with a MECO Torch, this me­ need. Send in your particular specifica­ chanical failure is easily overcome... that’s because tions or drawings. we use patented arm ored Gaskets which facilitate Hubbard also makes Springs, Spring Parts , UICK replacement right on the job, thus saving W ire Forms, all kinds o f Cotters. Sown time’ for factory repairs. This one advantage alone should convince any Welder which make of Torch to choose... but there are many more jnst as important. Get all the facts before you buy any Torch. "T here’s a M E C O Distributor Near You!"

MODERN ENGINEERING COMPANY, Inc CENTRAL AVENUE P O N T IA C 12. M I C H I G A N 3401-15 PINE BLVD. ST. LOUIS 3, MISSOURI

SIMOND 5 Helping to solve gearing problems has been our job ior many years. Now, more than ever, a dependable gear manufac­ turer is vital in maintaining your pro­ Baldwin Roller Chain and Sprockets duction schedules. Let us help. We produce spur gears up to 12 feet in Heat Treated Alloy Steel Gears to diameter and of all practical materials. Customer's Specifications Write for com plete information. Distributors of Ramsey Silent Chain Special Gears and Special Gear Units drives and couplings. PITTSBURGH GEAR&MACHINE CO 2680-2700 Smallman St., Pittsburgh, Pa.

25TH ST R EET. PITTSBURGH, PA,

j b S J u y u y i

STAINLESS STEEL —PERFORATED— TO YOUR REQUIREMENTS SEND US YOUR DWGS FOR PRICE Light- ALL SIZE AND SHAPE HOLES-ALL METALS Medium — ARCHITECTURAL GRILLES G O ' ét SEND FOR CATALOG No. 3d DIAMOND MFG. CO. For 40 years a reliable source. s°x 32 WYOMING, PA. Let WHITEHEAD know your requirements, .WHITEHEAD STAMPING CO. KEgr 1667 W. Lafayette Blvd., Detroit 16, Mich USED and REBUILT EQUIPMENT j J k r f c - ü a t MATE RIALS [ IMhZÏ » m . . V^jastAL g B K 5 B K 5 5 5 B H B C 3B B B B B K . 5 B B B H H B 5 G

FOR SALE No. 2A Warner & Swasey 36" Cincinnati Planer 2— 30-1 /2 M onarch Autom atic Sizing Lath«* No. 5 Cincinnati Milling Machine 42" American Planer 24" Cincinnati Shaper 3— 8" Seneca Falls Lo-Swing Lathes No. 3 Warner & Swasey 3' Mueller Drill Press 26" Niles Lathe 18" Lodge & Shipley Lathe 24" American Lathe 26" Bridgeford Lathe WANTED SHEET STEEL 36' Pond Lathe COLD ROLLED...GOOD DRAWING QUALITY 10' Stroke Barnes Double Spindle Drill 3— 22-1 /2" Monarch Lathes 30" Niles Engine Lathe S. A. E.-1010-PRIME SHEETS 44" Niles Engine Lathe SIZES 36" Monarch Lathe 24" Landis Grinder 19 GA. 17 x 49 19 GA. 36 x 83 20 GA. 28y4 x79 18" Universal Planer No. 4 Cincinnati Milling Machine 19 GA. 46i/2xl03V2 ¡ | g { ; g * g 20 GA. 353/4 x 493/4 60" Newton Cold Cut Saw 3— No. 2 Klemm Metal Cuttlns Band»»« 19 GA. 68 x 103% 19 GA! 36 x 55 20 GA. 363^x613,4 Baler Rotary Heating Furnace . . Continuous Chain type annealing and dra WHITE MOTOR COMPANY furnace .. CLEVELAND 1, OHIO PHONE HENDERSON 2000 Various types of conveyors, flat roll. concav ro ll, live conveyor sections, overhead Contact E. G. Keller or S. T. Stevens floor type Pangborn Shot Blast Equipment Hydraulic Accumulator System—Pump, Mo- tots, Bottles— 1500 pound pressure 3 4 0 ton type H H H oriiontal Draw B.nch Detrex Degreaser Unit WANTED WANTED Address Box 641, BLACK SHEETS STEEL, Penfon Bldg., Cleveland 13,0. 13 ga.; 14 ga.; 15 ga.; 16 ga. Late Models GALVANIZED SHEETS No. 50 Waterbury Farrel 26 ga.; 27 ga.; 28 ga.; 29 ga. Thread Rollers Truckloads or Carloads 1-1/2" National Upsetter Wire or Phone Collect for Zey-Hahneman No. 1 2 or Specifications No. 16 Percussion Press SIEBRING MFG. COMPANY 724 Dixie Terminal Bldg. Cincinnati Ohio George, Iowa Phone 43-A 2,

MIDLAND STEEL & EQUIPMENT C O M PA N Y WANTED 600 West Jackson Blvd., Chics jo, llllrsol* STEEL SHEETS T h e WANTED TO BUY Cold Rolled, also hot rolled primes. A ll sizes Largest Buyers from 24" minimum width to 60" minimum length. SAND BLAST ROOM In gages from No. 11 to 24 inclusive. For delivery o f either in Indiana or New Jersey. Contact P. A . Surplus Steel Inventories Breeze Corporation, Inc., 41 South 6th Street, Complete with Dust Collector, Separator, Newark 7, N. J. Tel. Mitchell 2-7161. etc. Sire 8' x 10' to 12' x 1 2' or a sire near this ranse. Wanted—SHEARINGS If you have equipment of this type slve ------WANTED------name of maker, model number, ase, Hoty ^oTl°r^ltmlnumiaalnl«|4«^ £PP«; condition and price and where located. LATE TYPE 6" Minimum Width to 36 MWrnut" i. J0 WIRE STRAIGHTENING AND Uniform Quantities. Gauses from Inclusive. Address Box 650, CUTTING MACHINE L oi “‘“ f f i f V STEEL, Penton Bldg., Cleveland 13,0. WALLACK BROS. 901 7400 S. Damen Ave. Chicago 36, III.

WANTED WANTED TO BUY Y/anted Several Multiple Spindle Drill Presses PRESS EQUIPMENT GAG STRAIGHTENING PRESS Two # 3 an d O ne # 4 Motor Dr.ven e d ^ With a No. 2 Morse Taper. Can use Similar to Sutton No. 2 Single Head Horizontal, Punch Presses. Would consrder othe ^ 3-, 4-, or 6-splndle and require a total capacity 12" x 2" flats, 7-1/2" squares, 8-1/2' of 25 spindles. rounds. Write giving full details. parable makes. Wire or p on* • jenJtr COLUMBUS PRODUCTION MFG. CO. FIRTH STERLING STEEL COMPANY 249 E. 5th Avenue Columbus 1, Ohio McKeesport, Pa.

/TEEL 1 9 4 EQUIPMENT... MATERIALS

$250,000.00 FOR SALE 1—#5 REED PRENTICE JIG BORER and WORTH OF HIGH GRADE USED MACHINERY Vertical Boring Machine. Complete with IVi HP Motor. AND EQUIPMENT TO BE SOLD 1—NEW HAVEN KEY SLOTTER 32" Dla. Table with 2 HP Motor. AT ONCE INCLUDING: 1—BARRETT HORIZONTAL BORING MILL. Cut* up to 40" D ia. Circle, with 90—Drill Presses, Delta, Buffalo and otlier makes. Sizes from countershaft. 9" to 26". ] —BARRETT HORIZONTAL BORING MIU. 10—Bodine multi-spindle automatic drilling and tapping machines. Cut* up to 36" D ia. Circle, with 6—Multi-spindle automatic screw machines and chucking ma­ countershaft. chines; 6-8 spindle, sizes A " to 1%", standard makes. 1-Barnes 22" SWING HYDRAM DRILL 12—Turret lathes, Bardons & Oliver, Oster, Brown & Sharpe, with Hoeffer EC4 Head, Direct Coiv and others. nected to 5 HP Motor. 3—Surface Grinders, Norton and otlier makes. 25—Production Milling Machines; Brown & Sharpe, Pratt & Whit­ Contact R, W . Homan, Pur, Agt, ney & other makes. 3—Welders—Ames and Marquette. THE C. H. DUTTON CO. 4—Automatic Washing, rinsing and drying machines—Ransohoff 830 Gibson St. Kalamazoo 6, Mich. and Colt. Phone 3-1675 4—Centrifugal Oil Extraction Machines. Numerous other equipment including ventilating fans, degreasing units, blueprint equipment, transformers, etc. CASCO PRODUCTS CORPORATION 512 HANCOCK AVENUE, BRIDGEPORT 2, CONN. FOR SALE Phone—Bridgeport 6-1801 E. L. Seiman—Charge of Sale ALLOY STEEL ROUND, HEX, SQUARE BARS New York and Pittsburgh Warehouse Stocks FOR SALE L. B. FOSTER CO. 9 P a r k P la c e , N ew Y o r k 7 50,000 STEEL COIL SPRINGS Phono— Barclay 7-2X11 Compression Type — Flat End P. O. Box 1647, Pittsburgh 30 Phone— W alnut 3300 Chronic — Vanadium Steel Michigan Distributor C. J. GLASGOW COMPANY In New Perfect Condition — Priced at Fraction of Value 2009 Fenkell Ave., Detroit 3 FOR QUICK DISPOSAL Phone—Townsend 8-1172 LOT CONSISTS OF THE FOLLOWING 30,000 Each — Length 10-3/4'' x 2-1/4" O D — 3/8" W ire 10.000 Each — Length 7-3/4" x 1-1/2" O D — .225 W ire 10.000 Each — Len g th 6-3/8" x 1" O D — .148 W ire Further Specifications or Samples Upon Request MARYLAND PIPE & METALS CO. D A II & NEW AND 304 West Church St., Hagerstown, Maryland I f M I L S RELAYING TRACK ACCESSORIES ttom 5 IVatehouiei AVAILABLE FOR IMMEDIATE DELIVERY •PROMPT SHIPMENTS SEVERAL e l e c t r ic h e a t t r e a t i n g f u r n a c e s • FABRICATING FACILITIES j. General Electric Typs RRB33 6Î?r ?Plninô 3 ft* wWe; 2 ft. high; with Each complete with recording potentio- •TRACKAGE SPECIALISTS 72 k w earth - m eter having range from 200 to 2000 flVBXYTHINQ FROM ONE SOURCE „„„„ h “ Pretty. 220 Volt, 3 Phase, degrees F. and magnetic contactor and operating current. disconnect switch. L. B. FOSTER COM PANY LELAND-GIFFORD COMPANY PITTSBURGH CHICAGO Worcester, Mass. NEW YO RK SAN FRANCISCO

F O R SALE 250,000 LBS. SOFT STAINLESS STEEL WSRE RELAYING RAIL TVPE 307 IN FULL COILS • SIZES 1/4", 5/16", 9/32" TRACK ACCESSORIES Eoch • ^N W A C T U R E D b y UNIVERSAL CYCLOPS AND ALLEGHENY I f01' ta9 Sed for grade, heat specifications, etc. Will sell entire lot at 12c per pound MIDWEST STEEL CORP. t o ’b. Boston Gcn’I Off. CHARLESTON, 21, W. VA. Warehouses BLEACHERY COURT CHARLESTON, W. VA. som ervilleURm a I s.CORPORATION SOMerset 3460 KNOXVILLE, TENN. « PORTSMOUTH, VA .

AUgUSt 19, 19 4 6 1 9 5 FOR SALE 6,000 lbs.—.034" Dia. Galv. Cast Steel F O R S A L E FOR SALE Rope Wire 10,000 lbs.— .029" Dia. Premier Spring Wire 1 -T y p e D-4840 AJAX HULTGREN SALT NEW CUPRO-NICKEL TUBES Above items in catch weight coils approx. BATH HARDENING FURNACE, operating 75 lbs. each. at 220 volts, 2 phase, 4 wire, 60 cycle. 100,000 lbs. V6" OD x 18 go. Wall 8 0 V ' and 48" Lengths. ROYERSFORD SPRING CO. Working dimensions 48" x 20" x 20" Royersford, Pa. deep. For use with nitrate salt, drawing RDACQ ____ f if lH C o p eratio n 350 deg . F. to 1150 d eg . F., duhov v v il o complete with electrical control equipment 30,000 lbs. .115 x 15/16—16 Hd.—Sheared FOR SALE including 40 KW, 220 volt, 2 phase, 4 wire, Edge. 60 cycle transformer. HiLLES AND JONES PUTE ROLLS Pyramid typ«, motorized with reversing switch/ 1 -T y p e H-4875 AJAX HULTGREN SALT SEABOARD STEEL CO. capacity 3/8" plate, 78" wide. Write for in­ spection or photograph. Location Eastern Sts* BATH HARDENING FURNACE, operating New Haven, Conn. board. Can be seen in operation. at 220 volts, 2 phase, 4 wire, 60 cycle. Telephone: 8-0929 8-2034 Address Box 648, For use with neutral salt, hardening operat­ STEEL, Penton Bldg., Cleveland 13, Ohio ing 1100 d eg . F. to 1700 d eg . F. Com­ plete with electrical control equipment I including 75 KW, 220 volt, 2 phase, 4 wire, 60 cycle transformer. FOR SALE ROLLING MILLS 2— Metal Alligator Shears a n d EQUIPMENT F. C. CASTELLI COMPANY Address Box 335 Erie Ave. and F St, Philadelphia 34 FRANK B. FOSTER STEEL,Penton Bldg.,Cleveland 13,0. 829 OLIVER BLDG. PITTSBURGH, PA. Coble Address FOSTER Pittsburgh . ».II CRANES & LOADERS HAMMERS. 4 11 Nazel. 5" x 5" M.D. 2— Northern Engineering 10 ton, 14' lift, hand LATHE. Turret 24" Gisholt, 614" hole. operated Bridge Cranes: 1-45' span, 1-38' span. PRESS, Forging 1000 ton United Steam-Hyd. I— Northern Engineering 4 ton, 46' span, 230 volt PLANER. O. S. 60" x 60" x 14' D&H, M.D. FOR SALE D .C . Electric Crane, 3 motor, steel cab, No. 5060 SHAPER, 3G" Morton Draw Cut. SCIAKY ALUMINUM SPOT WELDER (Monorail horizontal travel.) SHEARS. Alligator l"-4". 50 K.W. Type 2S5 PMCO. Perfect condition. WIRE—WRITE—PHONE SHEAR. Open End 22" blades 2Y>" sq. M.D. Two years old. Used 6 months. Can be Send tor Printed Circular BLOTTER. 12" Putnam. 35" table, Ii.D. in operation. NEVBERRr MANUFACTURING CO. STRAIGHTEXER, Plate, 110" x 1»4". 1I&3. P. 0. Box 295 Newberry, Mich. STRAIGIITENER, V>" x 40' Shuster, M.D. S. B. MFG. CO. Tel: Newberry 16 WEST PENN MACHINERY COMPANY 34 - 34th St., Brooklyn 32, N. i . 1208 House Bldg. Pittsburgh 22, Pa. South 8-5222

1—Henley Horizontal Type Hydraulic Lead Extrusion Press Steel storage space available. Use This Section Overhead crane—10 tons capacity. 3100 Ton Cap.—Complete with Gas Fired Melting Pot and all gages, etc.—No Pump 12 car R.R. siding. When you have machinery of New 1932—Serial No. 7317 Can be inspected at Plant where located. WALLACK BROS. equipm ent you want to sell -Stexl SEABOARD STEEL CO. Tel. 8-0929 can help you. For rates, write 7400 S. Damen Ave. Chicago, III. New Haven, Conn. 8-2034 St e e l , Penton Bldg., Cleveland^----- CONTRACT WORK

FIRM BID QUOTATIONS ON ALL TYPES SPECIAL MANUFACTURERS OF DESIGN AND DETAILING Structural Steel and Reinforced TO INDUSTRY—S/nce / 905 Concrete TUMARKIN & EMERMAN SAY IT HERE Metal Specialties comprised of Licensed Prof. Engineers— Designers STAMPINGS, FORMING, WELDING, 33 Whitehall St., New York, N. Y„ BO. 9-3269 have facilities to handle SPINNING, MACHINING. All Metal If you or Combined with Non-Metal Materials Send us your inquiries on additional work. An adver­ WRITE FOR FOLDER PRODUCTION PARTS AND ASSEMBLIES tisement in this section ' URGE SCALE PRODUCTION Viking High Speed Tool Bits OR PARTS AND DEVELOPMENT ONLY Special Taps tell others of your capacity, Commercial Heat Treating etc. W rite STEEL, Penton Electro Plating GERDING BROS. AGERSTRAND CORPORATION Bldg., Cleveland 13. SE TH1RDVINE ST. • CINCINNATI 2, OHIO Muskegon, Michigan

/TEEL Representatives W anted Help Wanted Help Wanted

DISTRIBUTOR SALES-EXECUTIVE OR ASSISTANT POSITION AVAILABLE FACTORY REPRESENTATIVE wanted to take over sales supervision under Raw material salesman, age 30 to 40, vice-president of well-established raw To represent midwest manufacturer with experience in selling to steel materials company of excellent reputation plants and foundries, wanted by well- of quality blast cleaning and surface selling to steel mills and foundries. Posi­ peening, STEEL SHOT AND GRIT, established producer with excellent tion offers opportunity to assume sales reputation in the field. Territory— for use in foundries, drop forge, heat management. Must be sales and com­ treat and misc. metal industries. No east central states. Salary, traveling mercial-minded with actual selling exper­ expenses and bonus. objection to other lines. Field co­ ience. Metallurgical knowledge desirable operation and national advertising. but not essential. Age 40-45. State experience, references and Substantial commissions. W rite for State experience, references and salary salary expected. All replies confiden­ information. Address Box 588, expected. All replies confidential. Ad­ tial. Address Box 633, STEEL, Pen­ STEEL, Penton Bldg., Cleveland 13, dress Box 634, STEEL, Penton Bldg., Cleve­ ton Bldg., Cleveland 13, Ohio. land 13, Ohio.

Positions Wanted SALES MANAGER FORGE SHOP SUPERINTENDENT

GENERAL OR FACTORY MANAGER INVITES W ith successful sales record by one of the Established forge shop, operating steam Hnn «f Corporation Officers, in seeking posi- leading manufacturers in the metal cutting and board drop hammers, requires cap­ ®xecutive responsibility with progressive tool industry. # State age, education, ex­ able man as shop superintendent. hiu.nl? *a ,eet products ancf stamping perience, special qualifications and com­ o ^ pp ant ^as specialized in this indus- pensation desired. Address Box 627, STEEL, waHnn* / eariS orLelements of factory op- Penton Bldg., Cleveland 13, O. Must be capable of supervising die shop verSfiS sales. Experience covers greatly di- producing drop and upset dies and be constrSni r1CtS’ “ L.^iSht, medium and heavy durti™ n smaH quantities and mass pro- responsible for production in drop forge acquainted oyer wide field of large and upset departments. Thorough knowl­ A-l S i! j co5tra1ctorS; Efficient organizer with EXPERIENCED PLATE DESIGNER edge of upsetter die design and operation «¿¿Kh&s: 0Box 624- steel- Penton AND ESTIMATOR WANTED needed. Excellent opportunity, large plant Address Box 645, located in the South. Give references. STEEL, Penton Bldg., Cleveland 13, 0 A ddress Box 640 STEEL, Penton Bldg., Cleveland 13, O.

WANTED: PRODUCTION ENGINEER WHO is qualified to arrange machinery and welding MELTER equipment, both hand and automatic, to get Technically trained man capable of maximum production on various sizes and thick­ taking charge of electric melting depart­ nesses of A.S.M.E. Code tanks, towers and other items fabricated from sheets and plates. Must have ment. Must have had experience on past record in sheet and steel plate fabricating high alloy and carbon steel. shop. Address Box 623, STEEL, Penton Bldg., Address Box 647 Cleveland 13, O. STEEL, Penton Bldg., Cleveland 13, O.

MASTER MECHANIC SALARIED POSITIONS $2,500-$25,000. THIS Rerolling mill desires Master Mechanic thoroughly organized confidential service of 30 years’ recognized standing and reputation car­ to take complete charge of all main­ ries on preliminary negotiations for supervisory, tenance and construction. Must have technical and executive positions of the calibre 15 or 20 years all around experience indicated through a procedure individualized to each client's requirements. Retaining fee protected in mills. Reply Box 646, STEEL, by refund provision. Identity covered and present Penton Bldg., Cleveland 13, O . position protected. Send only name and address for details. R W. BIXBY, INC., 110 Dun Bldg.. Buffalo 2, N. Y.

CHIEF DRAFTSMAN: REQUIRED FOR structural steel Drafting Room Baltimore. Annual capacity 12,000 tens. Give complete data regard­ ing education, experience, salary desired, and when available. Address: Box 631, STEEL, Pen­ ton Bldg., Cleveland 13, O. ADVERTISING INDEX

Ferry Cap & Set Screw Co., The ...... 2 7 Follansbee Steel Corporation ...... 18 Adams, R. P., Co., Inc ...... 13 F o o te -B u rt C o ., T h e ...... 2 9 Ohio Locomotive Crane Co., The ...... 190 Agerstrand Corp ...... 196 Foster, Frank B ...... 196 Owen Bucket Co., The ...... 191 Air Reduction ...... 5 8 Foster, L. B., Co 177, 195 Alliance Machine Co., The ...... 2 P

American Brake Shoe Co., National Bearing G D iv is io n ...... 3 5 Page Steel & W ire Division, American Chain American Chain & Cable, Page Steel & Wire & C a b le ...... 146 General Chemical Co ...... 3 8 D iv is io n ...... 146 Pedrick Tool & Machine Co ...... 189 General Steel Warehouse Co., Inc ...... 116 American Chemical Paint Co ...... 161 Phillips Screw Manufacturers ...... 53 Gerding Bros ...... 196 American Gas Association ...... 3 Pittsburgh Commercial Heat Treating Co. .. 190 Gisholt Machine Co ...... 21 American Institute of Bolt, Nut & Rivet Manu­ Pittsburgh Gear & Machine Co ...... 193 facturers 44, 45 Granite City Steel Co ...... 2 8 Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co., Brush Division .. 22 American Magnesium Corporation ...... 166 Great Lakes Steel Corporation . ...i...... 17 Plymouth Locomotive Works ...... I 9 American Petrometal Corp ...... 192 * Greenfield Tap & Die Corp ...... 6 0 Protected Steel Products ...... 57 American Pulverizer Co ...... 181

American Rolling Mill Co., The, Rustless Iron H R & Steel Division ...... 2 3 A m e r ic a n S h e a r K n ife C o ...... 162 Harnischfeger Corporation ...... 190 Rathborne, Hair & Ridgway Co ...... 34 Anaconda Wire & Cable’ Co ...... 163 Harper, H. M., Co., The ...... 91 Russell, Burdsall & W ard Bolt & Nut Co. 118, 119 Atlas Car & Mfg. Co., The ...... 154 Harrisburg Steel Corporation ...... 4 2 . Rustless Iron & Steel Division, The American Heald Machine Co., The Inside Front Cover Rolling Mill Co ...... B Hobart Brothers Co ...... 190 Ryerson, Joseph T., & Son, Inc...... 1^ Baker-Raulang Co., The ...... 152 Homestead Valve Mfg. Co ...... 4 3 S Baldwin Locomotive Works, The, Locomotive Horsburgh & Scott Co., The ...... 1 4 4 & Southwark Division ...... 4 6 Hubbard, M. D., Spring Co ...... 193 20 Bantam Bearings Division, The Torrington Salem Engineering Co ...... C o ...... 6 Seneca W ire & Mfg. Co., The ...... 1 I B a r b e r - C o lm a n C o ...... 3 9 Sharon Steel Corporation ...... Beall Tool Div. Hubbard & Co ...... 190 S h a w in ig a n P ro d u c ts C o rp o ra tio n ...... ^ Ingalls Iron Works Co., The ...... 159 Bedford Foundry & Machine Co ...... 183 Shenango Furnace Co., The ...... Industrial Gear Mfg. Co ...... 191 Belmont Iron Works ...... 192 Simonds Gear & Mfg. Co., The ...... Inland Steel Co ...... 6 5 Bethlehem Steel Co ...... 1 Snyder, W. P., & Co ...... ^ Birdsboro * Steel Foundry & Machine Co. .. 32 Socony-Vacuum Oil Co., Inc ...... ^ Bixby, R. W „ Inc...... 197 Sommer & Adams Co., The ...... Blaw-Knox Division of Blaw-Knox Co ...... 176 South Bend Lathe Works ...... ^ J e ff r e y M a n u fa c t u rin g C o ., T h e ...... 158 Bohn Aluminum & Brass Corp ...... 123 Square D Co ...... Johnson Steel & W ire Co., Inc ...... 180 Boston Woven Hose & Rubber Co ...... 14 Stanley Works, The ...... * Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp ...... 1 1 5 Brooks Oil Co., The ...... 189 Steel-Parts Manufacturing Co., Division o ^ Blackstone Manufacturing Co ...... Bullard Co., The ...... 8 2 K Steel Products Engineering Co., The ----- Burt Mfg. Co., The ...... 156 Steel & Tube Division, The Timken Roller Kearney 3c Trecker Corporation ...... 3 6 , 3 7 B e a r in g C o ...... V u Kropp Forge Co ...... 187 Sterling Grinding Wheel Division o t e ^ Cadman, A. W., Mfg. Co ...... 178 Cleveland Quarries Co ...... Carpenter Steel Co., The ...... 107 L Stokerunit Corporation ...... ^ Chandler Products Corp ...... I l l Strong Steel Foundry Co ...... ^ Cincinnati Bickford Tool Co., The ...... 5 9 Latrobe Electric Steel Co...... 155 Superior Steel Corporation ...... Clayton Sherman Abrasives Co ...... 190 Lebanon Steel Foundry ...... 5 4 T Cleveland Automatic Machine Co., The 141 Lepel High Frequency Laboratories, Inc. . . 50 , 187 Cleveland-Cliffs Iron Co., The ...... 31 Leschen, A., & Sons Rope Co ...... 1 8 5 Taylor-Wharton Iron & Steel Co ...... ^ Cleveland Crane & Engineering Co., The . . 131 Lewis Machine Co., The ...... 190 Texas Co., The ...... • ^ Cleveland Hotel ...... 188 Lincoln Electric Co., The 40, 41 Tide W ater Associated Oil Co ...... ^ Cleveland Metal Abrasive Co., The ...... 187 Linde Air Products Co., The ...... 12 Timken Roller Bearing Co., The, s,Eel ,2i Cleveland Tramrail Division, The Cleveland Lisbon Hoist & Crane Co ...... 1 8 9 Tube Division ...... • ry Crane & Engineering Co ...... 131 Littell, F. J., Machine Co ...... 182 Torrington Co., The, Bantam Bearings i- ^ Cleveland Worm & Gear Co., The ...... v is io n ...... Locomotive & Southwark Division, The Bald­ ...... Inside Back Cover win Locomotive W orks ...... 4 6 Cold Metal Products Co., The .... Front Cover Lovejoy Flexible Coupling Co ...... 184 U Cone Automatic Machine Co., Inc ...... 7 7 . 12, 48 Continental Foundry & Machine Co 51, 52 Union Carbide & Carbon Corp ...... M e Continental Steel Corporation ...... 143 V Cunningham, M. E., Co ...... 191 McKee, Arthur G., & Co ...... 135 Cutler-Hammer, Inc ...... B a c k C o v e r 85 Vickers, Inc ...... M

W Detroit-Leland Hotel ...... 183 Macwhyte Co ...... 7 126 Detroit Power Screwdriver Co ...... 160 Maehler, Paul, Co., The ...... 151 W apakoneta Machine Co., The ...... ^ Detroit Sheet Metal Works ...... 4 9 Mathews Conveyer Co ...... 150 Washburn Wire Co ...... 33 Diamond Mfg. Co ...... 193 Mesta Machine Co ...... 109 Weirton Steel Co ...... Differential Steel Car Co ...... 190 Michigan Steel Tube Products Co ...... 113 West Penn Machinery Co ...... ]93 DoAII Co., The ...... 5 5 Midland Steel & Equipment Co ...... 194 Whitehead Stamping Co ...... Dow Chemical Co., The ...... 153 Midwest Steel Corp ...... 195 Willson Products, Inc ...... 137 Modern Engineering Co., Inc ...... 193 Wisconsin Steel Co ...... 8 Moline Tool Co ...... 192 Worth Steel Co ...... Electric Controller & Mfg. Co., The ...... 143 Morgan Construction Co ...... 6 2 Y Electric Storage Battery Co ., T h e ...... 147 26 Electro Metallurgical C o ...... 4 8 N Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co., T e Elwell-Parker Electric C o ., T h e ...... 2 4 Erdle Perforating Co. , Th e ...... 191 National Annealinq Box Co ...... 191 Euclid Crane & Hoist C o ., T h e ...... 186 National Bearing Division, American Brake r -u Shoe Co. . . .'...... 3 5 Ex-Cell-O Corporation . . 9 3 National Fireproofing Corporation ...... 192 Table of Contents, Pa9e F National Machinery Co ...... 9 61 Fate-Root-Heath Co., Th e ...... 19 National Steel Corporation ...... 1 7 , 3 3 10 a 195 I96' 197 Federal Machine & Welder C o ., T h e . . . . 1 0 , 11 Nox-Rust Chemical Corporation ...... 149 Classified Advertisers, Pages >

193