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Environmental Resource Inventory of the Conservation Element of The

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Environmental Resource Inventory of the Conservation Element of The ICfD' ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCE INVENTORY 'CD I CO!"SERVATlOlV 1f:I.I;o•. 0\~e - l~ - ~'1'~~ of the HOWELL TOWNSHIPM..terPlan MONMOUIH COUNTY, NEW JERSEY O'.....VaIley ~Ia..P"nnlng Commlalon wtltl: HowMl Townahlp EnvlAlm.ntIIl Comm....on NOVEMBER 2008 The Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission is dedicated to uniting the region’s elected officials, planning professionals and the public with a common vision of making a great region even greater. Shaping the way we live, work and play, DVRPC builds consensus on improving transportation, promoting smart growth, protecting the environment and enhancing the economy. We serve a diverse region of nine counties: Bucks, Chester, Delaware, Montgomery and Philadelphia in Pennsylvania; and Burlington, Camden, Gloucester and Mercer in New Jersey. DVRPC is the federally designated Metropolitan Planning Organization for the Greater Philadelphia Region - leading the way to a better future. Our logo is adapted from the official DVRPC seal, and is designed as a stylized image of the Delaware Valley. The outer ring symbolizes the region as a whole, while the diagonal bar signifies the Delaware River. The two adjoining crescents represent the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and the State of New Jersey. DVRPC fully complies with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and related statutes and regulations in all programs and activities. DVRPC’S WEBSITE MAY BE TRANSLATED INTO Spanish, Russian, and Traditional Chinese online by visiting www.dvrpc.org. Publication and other public documents can be made available in alternative languages or formats, if requested. For more information, please call (215) 238-2871. This report was funded by the Association of New Jersey Environmental Commission (ANJEC) Smart Growth Assistance Grant Program, funded by the Geraldine R. Dodge Foundation and by the Township of Howell. The authors are solely responsible for the report’s findings and conclusions, which may not represent the official views or policies of the funding agencies. HOWELL TOWNSHIP TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ......................................................................................................... v INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................... 3 BRIEF TOWNSHIP HISTORY.................................................................................................. 5 HOWELL TOWNSHIP LOCATION, SIZE, AND LAND USE............................................ 15 NATURAL RESOURCES ......................................................................................................... 19 PHYSIOGRAPHY.................................................................................................................... 19 TOPOGRAPHY........................................................................................................................ 20 Steep Slopes......................................................................................................................... 20 SOILS ....................................................................................................................................... 21 Soil Quality Classification................................................................................................... 21 Hydric Soils ......................................................................................................................... 23 Soil Acidity.......................................................................................................................... 24 Soil Series ............................................................................................................................ 24 CLIMATE................................................................................................................................. 29 SURFACE WATER RESOURCES ......................................................................................... 29 Watersheds........................................................................................................................... 37 Streams................................................................................................................................. 42 Wetlands .............................................................................................................................. 42 Agricultural Wetlands.......................................................................................................... 43 Vernal Pools......................................................................................................................... 44 Floodplains........................................................................................................................... 45 Surface Water Quality ......................................................................................................... 46 Causes of Water Quality Impairments................................................................................. 56 GROUNDWATER ................................................................................................................... 68 Geological Formations......................................................................................................... 69 Aquifers ............................................................................................................................... 69 Water Supply Wells............................................................................................................. 72 Groundwater Recharge ........................................................................................................ 74 Wellhead Protection Areas .................................................................................................. 75 AIR QUALITY......................................................................................................................... 76 BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES................................................................................................... 81 NATURAL VEGETATION..................................................................................................... 81 Wetlands .............................................................................................................................. 82 Upland Forests ..................................................................................................................... 85 Grasslands and Agricultural Lands...................................................................................... 86 LANDSCAPE PROJECT PRIORITY HABITATS................................................................. 86 Landscape Project Data on Wetland Habitat ....................................................................... 88 Landscape Project Data on Upland Forest Habitat.............................................................. 88 Landscape Project Data on Grassland-Dependent Species Habitat..................................... 88 ANIMAL COMMUNITIES ..................................................................................................... 89 Invertebrates......................................................................................................................... 89 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCE INVENTORY i HOWELL TOWNSHIP Vertebrates........................................................................................................................... 90 THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT............................................................................................... 103 POPULATION ....................................................................................................................... 103 TRANSPORTATION............................................................................................................. 105 HISTORIC RESOURCES...................................................................................................... 105 TOWNSHIP UTILITIES AND SERVICES .......................................................................... 108 Drinking Water .................................................................................................................. 108 Sewer ................................................................................................................................. 108 Township Services............................................................................................................. 109 Parks and Recreation ......................................................................................................... 111 ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES ................................................................................................. 115 KNOWN CONTAMINATED SITES .................................................................................... 115 Underground Storage Tanks .............................................................................................. 118 EROSION ............................................................................................................................... 119 RADON .................................................................................................................................. 120 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT................................................................................ 121 Manasquan River Watershed............................................................................................. 121 Metedeconk River Watershed...........................................................................................
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