WEIGHT HISTORY – WHQ Target Group: Sps 16+
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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Its Related
Kim et al. BMC Public Health (2018) 18:1133 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-6031-3 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Gastroesophageal reflux disease and its related factors among women of reproductive age: Korea Nurses’ Health Study Oksoo Kim1,2, Hee Jung Jang3,4* , Sue Kim5, Hea-Young Lee6, Eunyoung Cho7,8, Jung Eun Lee9, Heeja Jung10 and Jiyoung Kim11 Abstract Background: Recently, the number of patients diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has increased in Korea. Risk factors of GERD include age, sex, medication use, lack of physical exercise, increased psychological stress, low or high body mass index (BMI), unhealthy eating habits, increased alcohol consumption, and cigarette smoking. However, few studies examined the major factors affecting GERD in women of childbearing age. Therefore, this study assessed the risk factors of GERD among 20,613 female nurses of reproductive age using data from the Korea Nurses’ Health Study. Methods: Participants were recruited from July 2013 to November 2014. They provided their history of GERD 1 year prior to data collection, along with information on their demographic characteristics, health-related behaviors, diet, medical history, and physical and psychological factors. Of the total sample, 1184 individuals with GERD diagnosed in the year prior to the study were identified. Propensity score matching was used for analysis. Results: Cigarette smoking, increased alcohol consumption, low or high BMI, depression, and increased psychosocial stress were associated with the prevalence of GERD among Korean young women. Multivariate ordinal logistic regression analysis revealed significant positive relationships between GERD and being a former smoker; having a low (< 18.5 kg/m2) or high BMI (> 23 kg/m2); and having mild, moderate, moderately severe, and severe depression. -
Using Surgery to Remove Fat Has Long Been a Quest Of
I have these deposits offat where I really hate them, especially on my thighs. Dieting hasn't helped. -Ginny, 34, secretary sing surgery to remove fat has long been a quest of Ucosmetic surgeons, but the journey toward that dream has been slow until recently. About twenty years ago, physicians in Italy scraped out fat through a relatively small incision using a sharp, circular-ended knife called a curette. Because severe complications often resulted, this technique did not gain widespread acceptance. Seizing on that idea, doctors in France began using a blunt-ended canula, a metal tube with openings along the sides that looks a bit like an oversized straw, to remove fat more gently while preserving the important connections between the skin and muscle. This fat-removal method minimized the chances of damage to surrounding tissue. In a variation on the technique, doctors began infusing into the fat small amounts of saline (salt water), which was identical in composition to the water in our body. This helped break up the fat globules, making them easier to remove. © Copyright 2000, David J. Leffell. MD. All rights reserved. 172 Look Your Best After the technique was introduced to the United States in 1982, lipo suction rapidly gained popularity, though the potential for complications, many related mostly to the use of general anesthesia, remained. Three years later, American dermatologist Jeffrey Klein introduced tumescent anesthesia. The tumescent technique involves injecting low-concentration anesthetic solution (lidocaine) into the fat combined with epinephrine (to reduce bleeding and prolong the anesthetic effect) and saline. Large vol umes of this solution are injected into the fat before surgery, thus swelling the area to approximately two to three times its normal size. -
Obesity and Its Relation to Mortality Costs Report
Obesity and its Relation to Mortality and Morbidity Costs DECEMBER 2010 SPONSORED BY PREPARED BY Committee on Life Insurance Research Donald F. Behan, PhD, FSA, FCA, MAAA Society of Actuaries Samuel H. Cox, PhD, FSA, CERA University of Manitoba CONTRIBUTING CO-AUTHORS: Yijia Lin, Ph.D. Jeffrey Pai, Ph.D, ASA Hal W. Pedersen, Ph.D, ASA Ming Yi, ASA The opinions expressed and conclusions reached by the authors are their own and do not represent any official position or opinion of the Society of Actuaries or its members. The Society of Actuaries makes no representation or warranty to the accuracy of the information. © 2010 Society of Actuaries, All Rights Reserved Obesity and its Relation to Mortality and Morbidity Costs Abstract We reviewed almost 500 research articles on obesity and its relation to mortality and morbidity, focusing primarily on papers published from January 1980 to June 2009. There is substantial evidence that obesity is a worldwide epidemic and that it has a significant negative impact on health, mortality and related costs. Overweight and obesity are associated with increased prevalence of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension and some cancers. There also is evidence that increased weight is asso- ciated with kidney disease, stroke, osteoarthritis and sleep apnea. Moreover, empirical studies report that obesity significantly increases the risk of death. We used the results to estimate costs due to overweight and obesity in the United States and Canada. We estimate that total annual economic cost of overweight and obesity in the United States and Canada caused by medical costs, excess mortality and disability is approximately $300 billion in 2009. -
Weight Management Screening and Intervention Guideline
Weight Management Screening and Intervention Guideline Summary of Changes as of August 2018 ..................................................................................................... 2 Background ................................................................................................................................................... 2 Screening ...................................................................................................................................................... 2 Diagnosis....................................................................................................................................................... 3 Weight Goals ................................................................................................................................................. 4 Interventions .................................................................................................................................................. 5 Behavior change counseling .................................................................................................................. 5 Lifestyle modification resources ............................................................................................................. 6 Diets and commercial weight-loss programs .......................................................................................... 6 Bariatric surgery..................................................................................................................................... -
Underweight Vs. Overweight/Obese: Which Weight Category Do We Prefer? Dissociation of Weight#Related Preferences at the Explicit and Implicit Level
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Harvard University - DASH Underweight vs. overweight/obese: which weight category do we prefer? Dissociation of weight#related preferences at the explicit and implicit level The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Marini, M. 2017. “Underweight vs. overweight/obese: which weight category do we prefer? Dissociation of weight#related preferences at the explicit and implicit level.” Obesity Science & Practice 3 (4): 390-398. doi:10.1002/osp4.136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/osp4.136. Published Version doi:10.1002/osp4.136 Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:34651998 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA Obesity Science & Practice doi: 10.1002/osp4.136 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Underweight vs. overweight/obese: which weight category do we prefer? Dissociation of weight-related preferences at the explicit and implicit level M. Marini1,2,3, 1Center for Translational Neurophysiology, Summary Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Ferrara, Italy; Objective 2Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; 3Department of Psychology, Harvard Although stigma towards obesity and anorexia is a well-recognized problem, no research University, Cambridge, MA, USA has investigated and compared the explicit (i.e. conscious) and implicit (i.e. unconscious) preferences between these two conditions. -
Weight Loss Surgery
YOUR GUIDE TO WEIGHT LOSS SURGERY MU HEALTH CARE | YOUR GUIDE TO WEIGHT-LOSS SURGERY 1 It’s about gaining life. At MU Health Care, bariatric surgery isn’t about dropping pounds or pant sizes. It’s about finding a long-term solution to help you regain your health and live a life unhindered by weight. With multiple weight loss options, we work with you to find what best meets your goals and give you an entire team of support before, during and long after your procedure. Our comprehensive, collaborative approach to care means no matter where you’re at in your weight loss journey, our team is committed to making sure you have everything you need to be successful. It means we don’t just get you in and out for surgery or short-term results; rather, we work together to foster a lasting, healthy lifestyle through nutrition counseling, health evaluations, educational classes, support groups, treatment of weight-related issues and regularly scheduled check-ins. To us, bariatric surgery isn’t about losing weight; it’s about gaining life, and we’re here to help make it happen. In this guide, you’ll find all of the bariatric procedures we offer, as well as some information about our non-surgical medical weight loss program. MU HEALTH CARE | YOUR GUIDE TO WEIGHT-LOSS SURGERY 2 Body Mass Index (BMI) Charts https://www.vertex42.com/ExcelTemplates/bmi-chart.html © 2009 Vertex42 LLC Body Mass Index (BMI) Body Mass Index (BMI) Table for Adults [42] Obese (>30) Overweight (25-30) Normal (18.5-25) Underweight (<18.5) Eligibility HEIGHT in feet/inches and -
Promoting Healthy Weight
Promoting Healthy Weight Maintaining a healthy weight during childhood Definitions and Terminology and adolescence is critically important for chil- dren’s and adolescents’ overall health and well- Body mass index (BMI) is defined as weight (kilo- being, as well as for good health in adulthood. A grams) divided by the square of height (meters): 2 child’s or adolescent’s weight status is the result weight (kg)/[height (m)] . Although BMI does not of multiple factors working together—heredity, directly measure body fat, it is a useful screening metabolism, height, behavior, and environment.1 tool because it correlates with body fat and health 2 HEAL PROMOTING Two of the most important behavioral determi- risks. Additionally, measuring BMI is clinically nants are nutrition and physical activity. How feasible. In children and adolescents, BMI distribu- much and what a child or adolescent eats and tion, like weight and height distributions, changes the types and intensity of physical activity she with age. As a result, while BMI is appropriate to categorize body weight in adults, BMI percentiles participates in can affect weight and therefore T overall health. A balanced, nutritious diet and specific for age and sex from reference populations WE HY define underweight, healthy weight, overweight, regular physical activity are keys to preventing IG overweight and obesity. and obesity in children and adolescents. H T Underweight is an issue for some children and Body mass index is recommended as one of sev- adolescents, including some children and youth eral screening tools for assessing weight status. For with special health care needs and some adolescents individual children and adolescents, health care with eating disorders, but the overriding concern professionals need to review growth patterns, fam- with weight status in the United States today is over- ily histories, and medical conditions to assess risk weight and obesity. -
Refining the Abdominoplasty for Better Patient Outcomes
Refining the Abdominoplasty for Better Patient Outcomes Karol A Gutowski, MD, FACS Private Practice University of Illinois & University of Chicago Refinements • 360o assessment & treatment • Expanded BMI inclusion • Lipo-abdominoplasty • Low scar • Long scar • Monsplasty • No “dog ears” • No drains • Repurpose the fat • Rapid recovery protocols (ERAS) What I Do and Don’t Do • “Standard” Abdominoplasty is (almost) dead – Does not treat the entire trunk – Fat not properly addressed – Problems with lateral trunk contouring – Do it 1% of cases • Solution: 360o Lipo-Abdominoplasty – Addresses entire trunk and flanks – No Drains & Rapid Recovery Techniques Patient Happy, I’m Not The Problem: Too Many Dog Ears! Thanks RealSelf! Take the Dog (Ear) Out! Patients Are Telling Us What To Do Not enough fat removed Not enough skin removed Patient Concerns • “Ideal candidate” by BMI • Pain • Downtime • Scar – Too high – Too visible – Too long • Unnatural result – Dog ears – Mons aesthetics Solutions • “Ideal candidate” by BMI Extend BMI range • Pain ERAS protocols + NDTT • Downtime ERAS protocols + NDTT • Scar Scar planning – Too high Incision markings – Too visible Scar care – Too long Explain the need • Unnatural result Technique modifications – Dog ears Lipo-abdominoplasty – Mons aesthetics Mons lift Frequent Cause for Reoperation • Lateral trunk fullness – Skin (dog ear), fat, or both • Not addressed with anterior flank liposuction alone – need posterior approach • Need a 360o approach with extended skin excision (Extended Abdominoplasty) • Patient -
Obesity and Infection
Review Obesity and infection Matthew E Falagas, Maria Kompoti Lancet Infect Dis 2006; 6: Obesity increases morbidity and mortality through its multiple eff ects on nearly every human system. However, the 438–46 various aspects of the association between obesity and infection have not been reviewed. Thus, we reviewed the relevant Alfa Institute of Biomedical literature focusing on clinical aspects of this association. Obesity has a clear but not yet precisely defi ned eff ect on the Sciences (AIBS), Athens, Greece immune response through a variety of immune mediators, which leads to susceptibility to infections. Data on the (M E Falagas MD, M Kompoti MD); Department of Medicine, incidence and outcome of specifi c infections, especially community-acquired infections, in obese people are so far Tufts University School of limited. The available data suggest that obese people are more likely than people of normal weight to develop infections Medicine, Boston, MA, USA of various types including postoperative infections and other nosocomial infections, as well to develop serious (M E Falagas), and Department complications of common infections. Large prospective studies are required to further defi ne the burden of infectious of Medicine, Henry Dunant Hospital, Athens (M E Falagas) morbidity and mortality conferred by obesity. Correspondence to: Dr Matthew E Falagas, Alfa Introduction including obesity-related mechanisms that lead to Institute of Biomedical Sciences The US National Institutes of Health and the WHO classify predisposition to infections, the epidemiology of (AIBS), 9 Neapoleos Street, people regarding their body weight according to the body nosocomial and community-acquired infections in the 151 23 Marousi, Greece. -
![Being Underweight Is a Well Known Factor That Predisposes REFERENCE Patients to the Development of TB [2, 3]](https://docslib.b-cdn.net/cover/0052/being-underweight-is-a-well-known-factor-that-predisposes-reference-patients-to-the-development-of-tb-2-3-850052.webp)
Being Underweight Is a Well Known Factor That Predisposes REFERENCE Patients to the Development of TB [2, 3]
Being underweight is a well known factor that predisposes REFERENCE patients to the development of TB [2, 3]. However, TB may also 1 Kim DK, Kim HJ, Kwon SY, et al. Nutritional deficit as a lead to significant wasting and debilitation [4]. In a large-scale negative prognostic factor in patients with miliary tuber- prospective TB treatment trial, being underweight at baseline culosis. Eur Respir J 2008; 32: 1031–1036. [5] and the absence of an early gain in weight during 2 Palmer CE, Jablon S, Edwards PQ. Tuberculosis morbidity chemotherapy have been associated with an increased risk of of young men in relation to tuberculin sensitivity and body relapse [6]. As high as 61% of relapsed patients in that trial build. Am Rev Tuberc 1957; 76: 517–539. occurred among those o10% underweight at diagnosis and in 3 Leung CC, Lam TH, Chan WM, et al. Lower risk of turn 62% of these occurred in those failing to gain .5% weight tuberculosis in obesity. Arch Intern Med 2007; 167: 1297–1304. in the initial phase of treatment [5, 6]. However, in the absence 4 Macallan DC. Malnutrition in tuberculosis. Diagn Mirobiol of randomised intervention targeted on nutritional status, the Infect Dis 1999; 34: 153–157. question still remains whether the weight gain associated with 5 Benator D, Bhattacharya M, Bozeman L, et al. Tuberculosis TB chemotherapy just reflects successful control of the disease, Trials Consortium. Rifapentine and isoniazid once a week or further augments the host defence against the mycobacterial versus rifampicin and isoniazid twice a week for treatment pathogen. -
5.2 Recommendations for Preventing Excess Weight Gain and Obesity
5.2 Recommendations for preventing excess weight gain and obesity 5.2.1 Background Almost all countries (high-income and low-income alike) are experien- cing an obesity epidemic, although with great variation between and within countries. In low-income countries, obesity is more common in middle-aged women, people of higher socioeconomic status and those living in urban communities. In more affluent countries, obesity is not only common in the middle-aged, but is becoming increasingly prevalent among younger adults and children. Furthermore, it tends to be associated with lower socioeconomic status, especially in women, and the urban--rural differences are diminished or even reversed. It has been estimated that the direct costs of obesity accounted for 6.8% (or US$ 70 billion) of total health care costs, and physical inactivity for a further US$ 24 billion, in the United States in 1995. Although direct costs in other industrialized countries are slightly lower, they still consume a sizeable proportion of national health budgets (1). Indirect costs, which are far greater than direct costs, include workdays lost, physician visits, disability pensions and premature mortality. Intangible costs such as impaired quality of life are also enormous. Because the risks of diabetes, cardiovascular disease and hypertension rise continuously with increas- ing weight, there is much overlap between the prevention of obesity and the prevention of a variety of chronic diseases, especially type 2 diabetes. Population education strategies will need a solid base of policy and environment-based changes to be effective in eventually reversing these trends. 5.2.2 Trends The increasing industrialization, urbanization and mechanization occurring in most countries around the world is associated with changes in diet and behaviour, in particular, diets are becoming richer in high-fat, high energy foods and lifestyles more sedentary. -
The Life Cycle of Malnutrition
THE LIFE CYCLE OF MALNUTRITION By: STUART GILLESPIE RAFAEL FLORES From IFPRI 1999-2000 INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE 2033 K. STREET WASHINGTON, DC 20006-1002 2000 THE LIFE CYCLE alnutrition is not a disease that runs its course, bringing immunity. MRather it is a process, with consequences that may extend not only into later life, but also into future generations. The process of becoming malnourished often starts in utero and may last, particularly for girls and women, throughout the life cycle. It also spans generations. A stunted girl (that is, one whose height is significantly low for her age) is likely to become a stunted adolescent and later a stunted woman. Besides posing threats to her own health and productivity, poor nutrition that contributes to stunting and underweight in her adult life increases the chance that her children will be born malnourished. And so the cycle turns. OF MALNUTRITION Stuart Gillespie and Rafael Flores BIRTH AND INFANCY and lowers muscle strength in the long This year some 30 million babies in the term. Recent research has linked IUGR to developing world—around 82,000 every neurological dysfunction, associated with day—will be born with impaired growth due attention deficits, hyperactivity, clumsiness, to poor nutrition during fetal life.Two-thirds and poor school performance. of these infants will be born in South and Central Asia. By any standard, this is a major Beyond childhood, there is growing global human development problem with evidence that IUGR increases the risk of profound short- and long-term consequences acquiring high blood pressure, non-insulin- for individuals, households, communities, dependent diabetes, coronary heart disease, and nations.