Timeline of Key Events Crusades to the Reformation Knowledge Date Event 1095 The Council of Clermont. Here Pope Urban II creates the crusading Organiser Key People movement

Pope Urban II 1096 The start of the First Crusade (1035-1099) 1099 The Crusaders capture the holy city of Jerusalem. This marks the end of Pope the First Crusade 1088-1099 The Founder of 1147 The Second Crusade is called in response to the fall of Edessa, the most the Crusading northerly crusader state to the Islamic warlord Zengi. Movement 1187 After his decisive victory of the armies of Jerusleam at the Battle of Saladin Hattin, Saladin, the leader of the Islamic World, reclaims the Holy City of (1138-1193) Jerusleam for Islam Sultan of Egypt The Crusader States Luther’s 95 Theses and Syria 1189 The Third Crusade, led by Richard the Lionheart, King of England takes 1174-1193 to place. Here many famous battles are fought between Richard and Key Vocabulary 1192 Saladin. Richard fails to recapture Jerusalem. Pope The Bishop of Rome. The Pope was the religious leader of 1204 The Fourth Crusade sacks Constantinople. Western Europe. Martin Luther 1217 The Fifth Crusade ends in failure in Egypt. Holy Land The area around Jerusalem. This is modern day Israel, (1483-1546) Palestine, Syria and Jordan. It is holy for Christiains, Muslims German Monk & 1229 The Sixth Crusade led by the German emperor ends with a diplomatic and Jews. founder of the victory for the Christians. Once again Jerusalem is in the hands of the Protestant Christians Pilgrimage A holy journey, Christians in Medieval Europe would go on Reformation pilgrimages to holy sites such as the Holy Sepulchre in 1244 Jerusalem is recaptured by the Muslims. Despite a seventh, eighth and Jerusalem ninth crusade Jerusalem is never recaptured. Henry VIII 1291 The fall of Acre. The last Christian city in the Holy Land falls. This marks Franks The name given to Western settlers of the Holy Land during (1491-1547) the end of the crusading movement. the Crusades. This was because the majority came from King of England France 1509-1547 1517 Martin Luther nails his 95 Theses to the wall of a church in Wittenberg, Catholic A sect of Christianity who are under the jurisdiction of the The king who Germany. This event marks the beginning of the Protestant Reformation ‘broke with Rome’ Pope 1533 Henry VIII, King of England, declares himself supreme head of the Reformation A period in history where religious ideas on ‘reforming’ church of England. The English church breaks from Rome. John Blanke Chrstianity emerged during the 16th Century. 1547 Edward VI becomes King of England. Changing England further to a Protestant A sect of Christianity that emerged during the 16th Century Musician in the Protestant country. court of Henry Heresy A belief that is different from the accepted religious doctrine 1553 Mary I becomes Queen. She returns England to Catholicism VIII Heretic Somebody who believes in a ‘heresy’ . Protestants were 1501-1511) 1558 The Protestand Elizabeth I becomes Queen of England. Returning denounced as heretics during the reformation England to Protestantism. Year 7 History Homeworks Read, Watch, Listen Read 1: Knowledge Organisers These provide the basic knowledge for each topic • Time Traveller's Guide to Medieval which needs to be known off by heart. This may England Ian Mortimer include a timeline, key words, key concepts and • **EH Gombrich: ‘A Little History of the summaries. World’

2: Meanwhile, elsewhere Watch What we learn in our lessons only offers a small glimpse of the past. To widen our understanding, • What were the Crusades? KS3 Yr7 one page research sheets will be used to explore • Why was the Holy Land Important ? what else was going on around the world at the KS3 Yr 7 History same time as the topic we are studying. These • Why was the Church and Religion need to be researched using the links and important in Medieval England? KS3 resources provided and completed. Yr7 • A Fun, Animated History of the 3: Revision Reformation and the Man Who Preparing for history assessments is an essential Started It All | Short Film Showcase part of each topic, as these assessments allow • History | KS3 | GCSE | The story of teachers and pupils the chance to check their Black migrants in England in Tudor progress in History. Revising gives you the chance times | BBC Teach to show off what you know.