Bharat Singh Shekhawat 336, Mohan Nagar, B.J. S. Colony,

To, 23.07.2015 Section Officer, IA-II(M) 3rd Floor, Vayu Wing,Indira Paryavaran Bhawan Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change, Jorbagh Road, Jorbagh, New Delhi – 110 003

Sub: Submission of revised REIA/ EMP report for seeking Environmental Clearance of our proposed River Sand/Bajri Mining Project (Lease Area 5151.6828 Hec.) in revenue villages of Tehsil Gudamalani District, Barmer,

Ref: Proposal No. IA/RJ/MIN/19130/2013, File No. J-11015/216/2013-IA.II (M)

Dear Sir,

Please find herewith the proposal for reconsideration for environmental clearance with revised EIA/EMP report after incorporating all deficiencies mentioned by Expert Appraisal Committee in its 32nd Meeting held during 29th April, 2015 and minutes of meeting for the same meeting.

In regards to above, please find enclosed the signed copy of following documents:

1. Revised REIA/ EMP Report with all requisite information & Annextures 2. Questionnaire 3. Copy of Approved Mining Plan We request your good self to kindly consider the same for appraisal to issuing environmental clearance in the forth coming EAC meeting.

Thanking You

Yours truly,

REVISED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT & ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR PROPOSED RIVER SAND/BAJRI MINING PROJECT AT REVENUE VILLAGES OF TEHSIL: GUDHAMALANI DISTRICT: BARMER, RAJASTHAN MINING LEASE AREA: 5151.6828 Ha. (NON FOREST) PRODUCTION CAPACITY: 50.40 LTPA M.L. No : 24/2012 July-2015

STUDY PERIOD – POST- MONSOON (OCT-DEC 2013)

Consultant Accredited by NABET Vide 145th Minutes of Meeting Dated 18th March 2015

Consultant: Project Proponent: Bharat Singh, S/o Sh. Shivdan Singh Shekhawat, 336, Mohan Nagar, BJS Colony, Jodhpur, Rajasthan-342010 REVISED EIA/EMP REPORT FOR RIVER SAND MINING TEHSIL: GUDHAMALANI, BARMER (RAJ) 2015

Preface

Mr. Bharat Singh Shekhawat proposes to develop a River Sand Mining Project in Revenue Villages of Tehsil: Gudhamalani, District: Barmer Rajasthan on 5151.6828 Ha. River bed and Nalla of govt. waste land with proposed capacity of 50.40 LTPA. Letter of intent (LOI) for the same was granted in favor of Mr. Bharat Singh Shekhawatvide letter No. SME/JO/CC/Bar/Minor/Bajri/ML No 24/2012/1790 dated 05.08.2013

The goal of the project is to provide sand for various construction as well as Infrastrurals projects. Requisite Mining Plan and Progressive Mining Closure Plan also approved.

This Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report prepared by M/s. Enviro Concept (I) Pvt. Ltd., Jaipur as per the provisions and compliance of Environmental Impact Assessment Notification dated 14.09.2006 and subsequent amendments, Mannual, Circulars and Terms of Reference (ToR) issued vide letter No. No. J-11015/216/2013-IA.II (M) Dated 14.10.2013 by Ministry of Environment and Forests, Govt. of . Also incorporate the requisite information and action plan in compliance of public hearing minutes.

This report was prepared based on Primary base line environmental study of 10 Km. radius of periphery of lease area during post monsoon period (Oct-Dec. 2013) and additional one month Air Monitoring at 10 location in all requisite attributes and secondary information collected from different concern Government department and institutes for verification and assessment of impact on environment and preparing this report. We are committed to follow the proposed EMP in this EIA Report as an Environment Policy of the project management.

Hereby, undertake that all the points raised in the TOR issued by MOEF are complied with and undertake that the facts given in the Final EIA/EMP report are factually correct to the best of our knowledge.

Devendra Goyal (Env’t. Co_ordinator)

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ABBREVIATION EIA ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT EMP ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN MOEF MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FOREST TOR TERMS OF REFERENCE EAC EXPERT APPRAISAL COMMITTEE EC ENVIRONMENT CLERANCE SEAC STATE EXPERT APPRAISAL COMMITTEE SPCB STATE POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD CPCB CENTRAL POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD DMG DEPARTMENT OF MINING & GEOLOGY NOC NO OBJECTION CERTIFICATE BGL BELOW GROUND LEVEL GLC GROUND LEVEL CONCENTRATION NH NATIONAL HIGHWAY SH STATE HIGHWAY dB DECIBEL LEQ EQUIVALENT NOISE LEVEL HA HECTARE UNFC UNITED NATIONS FRAMEWORK CLASSIFICATION LOI LETTER OF INTENT KLD KILO LITRE PER DAY LTPA LAC TONNE PER ANNUM KM KILO METER PRA PARTICIPATORY RURAL APPRAISAL FGD FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION RL RIVER LEVEL EPA THE ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION ACT DO DISSOLVED OXYGEN COD CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND TKN TOTAL KJELDAHL NITROGEN PM PARTICULATE MATTER AAQ AMBIENT AIR QUALITY LTPA LAC TONNES PER ANNUM R & R REHABILITATION & RESETTLEMENT CSR CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY EMC ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL GOR GOVERNMENT OF RAJASTHAN NGO NON GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION HMV HEAVY MOTOR VEHICLE MMR MINING MINERALS RULES DFO DISTRICT FOREST OFFICER NBWL NATIONAL BOARD OF WILD LIFE PUC POLLUTION UNDER CONTROL EMF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT FUND NIHL NOISE INDUCEDKEARING LOSS PPE PERSONAL PROTECTION EQUIPMENT OLD OCCUPATIONAL LUNG DISEASE

INDEX S.NO. PARTICULAR PAGE NO.

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CHAPTER – I INTRODUCTION 12-19 1.1 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT 12 1.2 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT & PROJECT PROPONENT 13 1.3 LEGAL FRAMEWORK RELATED TO SAND MINING 13 1.4 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT 14 1.5 LOCATION AND COMMUNICATION 15 1.6 OBJECTIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 16 PLAN 1.7 METHODOLOGY FOR EIA 16 1.8 SCOPE OF THE STUDY 16 1.9 TERMS OF REFERENCE 29 CHAPTER – II PROJECT DESCRIPTION 20-32 2.1 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE NATURE OF THE 20 PROJECT 2.2 NEED FOR THE PROJECT AND ITS IMPORTANCE TO 20 THE COUNTRY 2.3 LOCATION OF THE PROJECT 20 2.4 DEMAND SUPPLY GAP 22 2.5 EXPORT POSSIBILITY 22 2.6 LEASE HOLD AREA 22 2.7 DRAINAGE 22 2.8 DOMESTIC/EXPORT MARKETS 23 2.9 REGIONAL AND LOCAL GEOLOGY 23-24 2.10 ESTIMATION OF RESERVE & MINEABLE RESERVE 25 2.11 SAND BUDGET BY ESTIMATION 27 2.12 SIGNIFICANT FEATURE OF MINING 28 2.13 EMPLOYMENT GENERATION 29 2.14 WASTE GENERATION 29 2.15 TRANSPORTATION 29 2.16 ANTICIPATED LIFE OF MINE 31 2.17 THE QUANTUM OF DEVELOPMENT AND TONNAGE IN 31

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PRODUCTION 2.18 USE OF MINERALS 32 2.19 UTILITIES & PROPOSED SITE FACILITIES 32 CHAPTER – III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 33-99 3.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMNENT 33-34 3.2 STUDY AREA AT A GLANCE 34 3.3 TOPOGRAPHY OF THE STUDY AREA 36 3.4 CLIMATIC CONDITION 39 3.5 PHYSIOGRAPHY 39 3.6 REPLENISHMENT OF THE AREA 41 3.7 HUMAN SETTLEMENT 41 3.8 HYDROLOGICAL ASPECTS 41-45 3.9 METEROLOGY 45 3.10 AMBIENT AIR ENVIRONMENT 47 3.11 NOISE ENVIRONMENT 56 3.12 WATER ENVIRONMENT 63 3.13 SOIL ENVIRONMENT 68 3.14 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 73-75 3.15 FLORA AND FAUNA 75 3.16 SOCIO ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT 88 3.17 LAND ENVIRONMENT 96 3.18 CONCLUSION 99 CHAPTER – IV ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION 100-121 MEASURES 4.1 INTRODUCTION 100 4.2 TOPOGRAPHY & DRAINAGE 100 4.3 IMPACT ON CLIMATE 101 4.4 IMPACT ON AIR ENVIRONMENT 102 4.5 PLAN & FRAMEWORK COMPUTATION 106 4.6 MITIGATION MEASURES 111 4.7 IMPACT ON NOISE LEVEL 111

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4.8 NOISE QUALITY MODELING 112 4.9 IMPACT ON HYDROLOGICAL CONDITION 115 4.10 IMPACT ON WATER QUALITY 116 4.11 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 116 4.12 IMPACT ON LAND ENVIRONMENT 117 4.13 IMPACT ON SOIL 118 4.14 IMPACT ON SOCIO ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT 119 4.15 DETAILS OF INFRASTRUCTURAL FACILITIES FOR 120 WORKERS 4.16 STRUCTURED ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT 120 ACTION PLAN CHAPTER – V ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES 122-123 5.1 INTRODUCTION 122 5.2 FACTORS BEHIND THE SELECTION OF PROJECT SITE 122 5.3 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE SITE 123 5.4 FACTORS BEHIND THE SELECTION OF PROPOSED 123 TECHNOLOGY 5.5 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGY 123 CHAPTER – VI ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME 124-128 6.1 INTRODUCTION 124 6.2 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT CELL 124 6.3 RESPONSIBILITIES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL 126 MANAGEMENT TEAM 6.4 MONITORING SCHEDULE AND PARAMETERS 126 6.5 BUDGETARY PROVISION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL 127 MANAGEMENT CHAPTER –VII ADDITIONAL STUDIES 129-139 7.1 INTRODUCTION 129 7.2 PUBLIC CONSULTATION 129 7.3 RISK ASSESSMENT 134

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7.4 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 136 7.5 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH HAZARDS 137 7.6 SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT , R&R ACTION PLAN 139 CHAPTER – VIII PROJECT BENEFITS 140-142 8.1 INTRODUCTION 140 8.2 IMPROVEMENTS IN THE SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE 140 8.3 IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE 141 8.4 HEALTH & SAFETY 141 8.5 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL 141 8.6 OTHER TANGIBLE BENEFITS 142 CHAPTER – IX ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN 142-164 9.1 INTRODUCTION 142 9.2 LAND USE PATTERN & RIVER COURSE ENVIRONMENT 142 9.3 AIR ENVIRONMENT 144 9.4 NOISE ENVIRONMENT 144 9.5 WATER MANAGEMENT 145 9.6 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT 145 9.7 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 145 9.8 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT 160 9.9 OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH 161 9.10 PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY 163 9.11 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL 163 CHAPTER – X SUMMARY & CONCLUSION 165-167 10.1 INTRODUCTION 165 10.2 AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS FOR 165 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MEASURES 10.3 DETAILS OF THE PROJECT 165 10.4 IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE 166 10.5 BUDGETARY PROVISION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL 167 MANAGEMENT

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10.6 GREENBELT DEVELOPMENT 167 10.7 RECOMMENDATION 167 CHAPTER – XI DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT ENGAGED 168

LIST OF TABLES TABLE NO. DETAILS PAGE NO. 1.1 PROJECT DETAILS 14 1.2 DATA GENERATION 17 2.1 LOCATION OF THE PROJECT 20 2.2 BREAK-UP OF LEASE AREA 22 2.3 GEOLOGICAL SUCCESSION OF ROCKS 24 2.4 MINERABE RESERVE 26 2.5 TOTAL SEDIMENTS YIELD PER YEAR 28 BLOCK WISE PROPOSED PRODUCTION 2.6 31 DETAILS IN MT 2.7 PEAK WATER REQUIRMENTS 32 3.1 STUDY AREA AT A GLANCE 34 MEAN TEMPERATURE & RELATIVE 3.2 46 HUMIDITY LOCATION OF AMBIENT AIR MONITORING 3.3 49 STATIONS PROCEDURE FOR DETERMINING VARIOUS 3.4 50 AIR QUALITY PARAMETERS 3.5 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STATUS 52

3.6 RESULTS FREE SILICA IN PM10 55 LOCATION OF NOISE MONITORING 3.7 57 STATIONS 3.8 NOISE LEVEL WITHIN THE STUDY AREA 69 3.9 CPCB NOISE STANDERD 59 3.10 TRAFFIC MEASUREMENT RESULTS 60 3.11 WATER SAMPLING LOCATIONS 64 3.12 PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF 65

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GROUND WATER 3.13 SOIL SAMPLING MONITORING LOCATIONS 71 3.14 SOIL ANALYSIS RESULTS 72 METHODS USED FOR SAMPLING OF FLORA 3.15 75 AND FAUNA LIST OF FLORA AND FAUNA IN THE STUDY 3.16 77 AREA 3.17 FLORA IN CORE AND BUFFER ZONE 81 FAUNA/WILDLIFE SPECIES IN THE STUDY 3.18 86 AREA 3.19 DEMOGRAPHICAL PROFILE 91 3.20 WORK FORCE AVAILABE 92 3.21 OCCUPATIONAL STRUCTURE 92 3.22 LITERACY 93 3.23 EDUCATION FACILITIES 94 3.24 MEDICALS FACILITIES 95 3.25 DRINKING WATER FACILITIES 95 3.26 LAND-USE PATTERN OF THE STUDY AREA 97 PREDICTED 24-HOURLY SHORT TERM 4.1 110 INCREMENTAL CONCENTRATIONS IMPACTS DUE TO VARIOUS ACTIVITIES ON 4.2 112 NOISE ENVIRONMENT 4.3 CALCULATION PARAMETER 113 4.4 PREDICTED NOISE LEVEL 114 4.5 LAND-USE PATTERN OF LEASE AREA 117 4.6 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT METRIX 120 MONITORING SCHEDULE FOR 6.1 126 ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS COST OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION 6.2 127 MEASURES 7.1 PUBLIC CONSULTATION 130 7.2 TIME BOUND ACTION PLAN 133 7.3 MEDICAL EXAMINATION SCHEDULE 138

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SCHEDULE & COST OF MEDICAL CHECK- 7.4 139 UP SPECIES RECOMMENDED FOR 9.1 147 GREENBELT DEVELOPMENT 9.2 GREENBELT DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM 148 BUDGETARY ALLOCATIONS FOR 9.3 159 CONSERVATION OF SCHEDULED FAUNA 9.4 DETAILS ABOUT CSR 161 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH IMPACT AND 9.5 162 MEASURES 10.1 PROJECT DETAILS 165 MONITORING SCHEDULE 10.2 166 FORENVIRONMENTALPARAMETERS COST OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION 10.3 167 MEASURES LIST OF FIGURES PAGE Fig. No. DETAILS NO. 2.1 LOCATION MAP OF THE PROJECT 21 2.2 PICTORIAL VIEW OF PROPOSED LEASE AREA 22 2.3 CATECHMENT AREA OF 27 2.4 TRANSPORTATION ROUTE MAP 30 2.5 WATER BALANCE CHART 32 3.1 STUDY AREA MAP 35 3.2 FIELD VISIT BY EIA TEAM 36

3.3 TOPOGRAPHY MAP OF THE STUDY AREA 37

3.4 SLOPE MAP OF RIVER SAND MINING AREA 38 3.5 DRAINAGE PATTERN OF THE STUDY AREA 40 3.6 HYDROLOGICAL MAP OF 43 WATER LEVEL MAP OF BARMER DISTRICT (PRE- 3.6 (A) 44 MONSOON) WATER LEVEL MAP OF BARMER DISTRICT (POST- 3.6 (B) 44 MONSOON) 3.7 WIND-ROSE DIAGRAM 47

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3.8 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING LOCATION MAP 48 3.9 PHOTOGRAPHS OF AAQ MONITORING 51 3.10 PHOTOGRAPHS OF NOISE MONITORING 58 3.11 SCHEMATIC DAIGRAME OF MINING WORKING 63 PHOTOGRAPHS SHOWING COLLECTION OF WATER 3.12 64 SAMPLES 3.13 PHOTOGRAPHS SHOWING SOIL SAMPLING 69 3.14 LAND USE MAP OF STUDY AREA 98 4.1 CUMULATIVE CONCENTRATION OFAMBIENT AIR 107 (A&B) QUALITY FOR PM10 & SO2 CUMULATIVE CONCENTRATION OFAMBIENT AIR 4.1 (C) 108 QUALITY FOR NO2 CUMULATIVE CONCENTRATION OFAMBIENT AIR 4.1(d) 109 QUALITY FOR CO

LIST OF ANNEXURES ANNEX. No. PARTICULAR I-A COPY OF MINUTES OF MEETING I-B COPY OF TOR LETTER II COPY OF LETTER OF INTENT (LOI) III COPY OF KHASRA NO. AREA, VILLAGE, IN TEHSIL IV SITE SPECIFIC METEOROLOGICAL DATA NOC FROM GRAMPANCHAYAT SINDARI FOR WATER V SUPPLY VI CERTIFICATE REGARDING ARAVALLI HILLS RANGE VII DEMOGRAPHICAL PROFILE OF STUDY AREA VIII COPY OF WATER, SOIL, AIR, NOISE MONITORING REPORT COPY OF APPROVAL LETTER OF MINING PLAN AND IX CLOSURE PLAN X QUESTIONNAIRE FOR MINING SACTOR XI COPY OF PUBLIC HEARING DETAILS XII PHOTOGRAPH OF PUBLIC HEARING XIII TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP OF STUDY AREA XIV SURFACA CUM GEOLOGICAL PLAN XV PROGRESSIVE MINE CLOSURE PLAN XVI CONCEPTUAL PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY/ HIERARCHICAL SYSTEM FOR XVII ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCES

COPY OF FOREST CERTIFICATION WITH AUTHENTIC XVIII LIST OF FLORA AND FAUNA COPY OF APPROVED MINING AND PROGRESSIVE XIX CLOSURE PLAN XX SUPREME COURT ORDER DATED 25.11.2013 IN CIVIL

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APPEAL NO.(S)9703-9706 OF 2013 REGARDING MINING OPERATION

CHAPTER -I

INTRODUCTION Mining Environment and development have become complimentary to each other. As a result of developmental activities visible ill-effects of the environmental degradation are clear and give signals of the concern. Therefore a sustainable development of the area involving extraction of mineral wealth vis-à-vis protection of environment is the ultimate solution for betterment of mankind.

1.1 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a decision making tool, in the hands of the Authorities which brings forth the factual position about a project that enables them in arriving at an appropriate conclusion for the proposed projects, to retain them if environmentally sound, and reject if found having deleterious overall impact. EIA identifies the extent of the environmental, social and economic impacts of a project prior to decision making. EIA systematically examines both beneficial and adverse impacts of the proposed project over and above the prevailing conditions of environmental parameters and ensure that these impacts are taken into account during the project designing stage itself and the values of the combined impacts are never allowed to exceed and remain within the statutory norms. This process has been envisioned and set in motion by the Ministry of Environment and Forests for sustainable development and the final decision is arrived at only, when those who matter are made known of the salient features of the project being envisaged close to them and their opinion has been sought in a widely advertised Public Hearing Event under the chairmanship of the district authorities so that public could also express their opinion free, without favor and fear. A Final Environmental Impact Assessment report was prepared to comply with the Terms of Reference (TOR) received from MoEF under EIA notification of the MoEF dated 14-9-2006, as amended on 1st Dec 2009 & 4th April 2011 and also the EIA Guidance Manual for Mining of Minerals (Feb, 2010) of MoEF, Govt. of India, for seeking environmental clearance for mining of sand in the applied mining lease area measuring 5151.6828 Ha. Mining Projects of ML area of > 50 ha are classified as “Category- A” projects. In order to assess the likely impacts arising out of the proposed project, the Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment (REIA) is undertaken, which will be followed by preparation of a detailed environmental management plan (EMP) to minimize those adverse impacts. The application for EC was submitted to EAC, MOEF, New Delhi. The meeting held with the EAC (mining) issued TOR letter no. J-11015/216/2013-IA.II (M)) Dated 14.10.2013, for preparation of an Environment Impact Assessment & Environmental Management Plan (EIA-EMP). Proposals was appraised for Environmental clearance in 32nd

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meeting of the the reconstituted committee of the E.A.C.of mining projects on dated 29th April,2015 as Agenda item no.(2.9). However certain deficiencies were observed in the REIA/ EMP submitted earlier.Committee concluded that the Project Proponent needs to revise the EIA/EMP report and also set right the deficiencies pointed out , as per letter No. J-11015/216/2013-IA.II(M) dated 21st May,2015 as per prescribed guideline and procedure.

Refer Annexure No. I-A: Minutes of Meeting. Refer Annexure No. I-B: Copy of Terms of Reference. 1.2 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT & PROJECT PROPONENT 1.2.1Identification of Project Name of the project: River bed mining of ordinary sand (Bajri) (Applied Lease area 5151.6828 ha.) Fresh Grant and production 50.40 Lakh TPA 1.2.2 Identification of Proponent Sh. Bharat Singh Shekhawat S/o Sh. Shivdam Singh Shekhawat 336, Mohan Nagar, B,B.J.S Colony, Jodhpur (Rajasthan) Mining Project over an area of 5151.6828 Ha in Tehsil- Gudha Malani and Sindhori, District Barmer, Rajasthan.

1.3 LEGAL FRAMEWORK RELATED TO SAND MINING Mining Leases for the mineral Bajri are granted as provided in Rajasthan Minor Mineral Concession (Amendments) Rules, 2012 notified vide Department Notification No. F.14 (1) Mines/ Gr. II/ 2011 dated 23-05-2012 i.e. RMMCR, 1986. Ø According to rule 7 (Amendment) “Provided that mining lease for mineral Bajri shall only be granted by way of tender or auction”. Ø According to rule 8 & 17 (Amendment) “The mining lease for Bajri shall not be renewed”. Ø According to rule 16 (Amendment) “The mining lease for mineral Bajri shall be granted for a period of five years only”. Ø According to rule 18 (Amendment) “In case of mining lease for Bajri Mineral, part surrender of lease area shall not be accepted and the lessee shall not have any right to remove any stock of Bajri after the expiry of lease period or receipt of the order of determination of lease”. New clause 32 has been added under rule 18 stating that “The lessee shall abstain from mining beyond depth of three meters from the surface and below the water table of river/ nallah and shall work in such a manner that natural flow path of river/ nallah is not altered”. Ø The Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change (formerly Ministry ofEnvironment & Forests), New Delhi in perpetuation of the directive of the Apex court in reference to the SLP (C) No. 729-731/2011, 21833/ 2009, 12498 – 499/ 2010, SLP (C) CC….16157/ 2011 & CC 18235/ 2011 issued guidelines on sand mining. Ø A Civil Appeal No. (S) 9703 – 9706 of 2013 between Chief Secretary, Govt. of Rajasthan versus National Green Tribunal Bar Assn. & ORS of SLP (C) No. 34134 of 2013 {State of Rajasthan & ORS. Vs. Nature Club of No. 34811 of

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2013 {Naveen Sharma Vs. State of Rajasthan & ORS.} dated 25.11.2013 “Till the end of February’ 2014, the Letter of Intent holders who have submitted their applications to the Ministry of Environment and Forests for clearances can carry mining operations in accordance with the Notification dated 21st June’ 2012 of the Mines (Act 2) Department, Government of Rajasthan issued under rule 65A of the Rajasthan Mines and Mineral Concession Rules’ 1986”. Ø Based on above order, Govt. of Rajasthan allowed Temporary sand mining permission for the proposed leases up to 28th February’ 2014, which was further extended till 31st March

2014. On 27th March0 2014, Hon’ble Supreme Court of India has further extended this duration till further order.

1.4 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT The Letter of Intent was issued by Joint Secretary Administration, Govt. of Rajasthan Department of Mines & Geology, vide letter no P8 (19)khan/Group- 2/2013, dated 27/02/2013, with conditions imposed that to produce within one year, 1) approved Mining Plan of the area, 2) Environmental Clearance from Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India, 3) An affidavit of financial assurance under rule 37(J) of Rajasthan Minor Mineral Concession Rules 1986. Refer Annexure No. II: Copy of Letter of Intent. The plan showing applied mining lease area comprising 5151.6828 Ha, with composite G.T. sheets nos. 40 O/11,40 O/12, 40 O/13, 40 O/14, 40 O/15, 40 O/16, 45 C/1, 45 C/2,45 C/3 duly authenticated by Survey of India.. The mining plan was approved by Superitending Mining Engineer, Jodhpur Circle, Jodhpur vide letter no. SME/JO/CC/Bar/Minor/Bajri/ML No. 24/2012/1790 dated 05.08.2013.Refer Annexure No. XIX: Copy of Approval Letter of Mining Plan and Progressive Closure plan

1.4.1 LEASE STATUS River Bed Mining Area of Sh. Bharat Singh S/o Shri Shivdam Singh Shekhawat is situated near villages: Gandhav Khurd, Paliyasi, Dangriya, Padrali Kalla,Gadevi, Banta, Aalpura, Mithari, Sidhasava Chouhan, Bhakharpura,Gudamalani, Ratanpura, Degwas Charnan, Dedawas Jagir, Nagar, Galiya Kalla, Dhandlawas, Modawas,Junakheda,Tunkiya, Jalikheda, Khudala, Lolawa, Goliya jeevraj, Bhatala,Sada, Mandawala, Paila Kalla, Darguda, Paila Khurd, Dangwa, Amarpura, Bhalkhadi, Gadesara, Sindhari Chousira, Bhuka Bhagatsingh, Bhuka Thansingh Manawas, Gangali, Karna, Dandali, Girli charnan, Aamjar, Gandhav kalla Tehsil – Gudha malani and sindhari of District – Barmer, Rajasthan over an area of 5151.6828 ha. Refer Annexure No. III: Copy of List of villages and Khasra numbers. TABLE 1.1: PROJECT DETAILS S. Particulars Details No

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1 Locations Near Village Gandhav Khurd, Paliyasi, Dangriya, Padrali Kalla,Gadevi, Banta, Aalpura, Mithari, Sidhasava Chouhan, Bhakharpura,Gudamalani, Ratanpura, Degwas Charnan, Dedawas Jagir, Nagar, Galiya Kalla, Dhandlawas, Modawas,Junakheda,Tunkiya, Jalikheda, Khudala, Lolawa, Goliya jeevraj, Bhatala,Sada, 2 Mandawala, Paila Kalla, Darguda, Paila Khurd, Dangwa, Amarpura, Bhalkhadi, Gadesara, Sindhari Chousira, Bhuka Bhagatsingh, Bhuka Thansingh Manawas, Gangali, Karna, Dandali, Girli charnan, Aamjar and Gandhav kalla of Tehsil Gudamalani & Sindari of District Barmer, Rajasthan 3 Tehsil Gudha malani and sindhari 4 District Barmer 5 State Rajasthan 6 Latitude 24059’12.41”N to 25048’44.51” N. 7 Longitude 71040’58.06”E to 71058’23.57” E 8 Elevation above sea level 36 mRL to 92 mRL 9 Nearest National Highway NH-15, NH-112 Nearest Railway station & (Aerial distance 80 Km) 10 Airport Airport – Jodhpur ( 175 Km.) 11 Nearest Tourist Place No, within in 10 km radius 12 Archeological Place No, within in 10 km radius National Park , Wild Life Sanctuary, Wild Life No National park, Sanctuary exist in the study area. Corridors,Biosphere 13 Reserves,Migratory routes for Birds,Reserved/Protected Forest

14 Nearest major city Barmer ( HQ, District) 15 Nearest Water bodies Applied Lease area itself is a water body 16 Nearest town Gudamalani – Barmer

As per EIA Notification 14th Sept. 2006, Environmental Clearance is required from MoEF, New Delhi, for Proposed Production capacity of 50.40 Lakh TPA of ordinary sand (Bajri).

1.5 LOCATION AND COMMUNICATION 1.5.1 Location The proposed project is River Bed mining of ordinary sand (Bajri) in Luni River & their connected flow nallahs. It is proposed to produce 50.40 Lakh TPAof Sand from the applied area. Applied Lease area is situated in Tehsil – Gudha malani and sindhari, Dist. – Barmer and State – Rajasthan. 1.5.2 Communication

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Road link The area is located in River Luni Tehsil Gudha malani and sindhari, District Barmer covering the 45 villages located along the lease area and is approached from mettalled roads. Rail link The Nearest Railway station is at Balotra is at about 80 km by road form applied lease area. Air link The Nearest Airport is Jodhpur at a Distance of 175 kms 1.5.3 Basic Amenities Power No electric power supply is available at mine site, while electrical supply is available in the near by villages. Amenities Police station, court, mine office, drinking, Telephone and other facilities available at Barmer in the study area with local aminities are available at Gudamalani itself. 1.6 OBJECTIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN The main objectives of this EMP are listed below: Ø To establish the present environmental scenario. Ø To anticipate the impacts of proposed future mining operations on the environment. Ø To prepare a detailed action plan for implementation of mitigative measures. Ø To suggest preventive and mitigative measures to minimize adverse impact and to maximize beneficial impacts. Ø To prepare a compensatory afforestation scheme. Ø To suggest a monitoring programmed to evaluate the effectiveness of mitigative measures. Ø To suggest the formation of a core group responsible for implementation of environmental control and protective measures and monitoring of such implementation. Ø To suggest a feedback mechanism enabling to make mid - course corrections. Ø To prepare a capital cost estimate and annual recurring cost for Environmental Management Plan 1.7 METHODOLOGY FOR EIA M/s. Enviro Concept (I) Pvt. Ltd. was assigned the job of conduction of EIA report of the proposed river bed mining project in Tehsil – Gudha malani and sindhari of District – Barmer, State – Rajasthan. The study was conducted within 10 Km radius from the proposed mine as center. The base line data collection involves the data’s of air quality, water status, land use, socio-economic structure of the study area, existing flora, fauna, prevailing noise levels, along with the physiographical status and meteorological conditions of the area. The current report is based on the

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mining technique, air emissions, waste water generation and discharge, and solid waste management. Effective plans to mitigate the adverse impacts and suggestive pollution control measures along with environmental management plan have been summarized.

1.8 SCOPE OF THE STUDY The terms of reference on the basis of which the EIA has been prepared are given below: 1.8.1 Data generation The data has been generated by M/s Enviro Concept (I) Pvt. Ltd., and M/s Noida Testing Laboratories. Noida, (UP), in accordance with the requirement of statutory agencies. The monitoring and testing has been done as per the guidelines of MoEF and the IS standards. Monitoring has been conducted for the following parameters: TABLE 1.2: DATA GENERATION NO.OF TOTAL NO. S. NO DESCRIPTION LOCATIONS OF SAMPLES AIR Ambient air monitoring (24 hourly samples), twice a week for 3 months 8+10 192+80 1.0 of location and additional for one (Additional) =200 month of 10 Location

Parameters:PM2.5,PM10,SO2, NOx&

CO Meteorological parameters will be measured at hourly duration simultaneously at one air monitoring station for 3 months. Parameters: 1.1 1 90 days a. Wind speed, direction b. Relative humidity c. Temperature d. Cloudiness e. Rainfall

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WATER Water/effluents sample to be collected from each of the various locations (ground water) in core and buffer zone (10 km radius). 8 Ground water 8 Ground water 2.0 Parameters: Water/effluents: tested for physical and chemical parameters as well as according to applicable standards. 3.0 SOIL 08 08 NOISE 4.0 Hourly readings taken for 24 hours 8 8 sets (Leq)

1.8.2 Data Collection The EIA study is being done for the Mine Lease (core zone) and area within 10 km radius (buffer zone), both of which comprise the ‘study area. The following data, through field survey and other sources, has been collected by Enviro Concept (I) Pvt. Ltd., for preparing the EIA/EMP for the proposed mining area with related facilities. i) Details of wild fauna and flora within a distance of 10 km from the project site and ii) Information about forests, if any. iii) Eco-sensitive places, sanctuaries, biosphere reserves within 10 km radius. iv) Major industries within 10 km radius. v) Religious places / historical monuments and tourist places within 10 km radius. vi) Land use pattern within core zone and buffer zone (10 km radius around the core zone). vii) Based on census and satellite image and cropping pattern. viii) Demography and Socio-economic based on last available Census data for entire study area. ix) Site specific Meterological Data collected and verifieid with nearest IMD station.

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x) Study of present environmental protection and mitigation measures in nearby operating similar projects, if any. xi) Geo-hydrological aspects based on available data from various secondary sources. xii) Identification of water bodies, hills, roads etc. within 10 km radius.

1.8.3 Preparation of EMP The EMP will include the following details: a) Study of the reports like Geological report, FR or mining plan made available by the client. b) Present Environmental Setting c) The base line data generated and collected as per para 1.7.1 and 1.7.2 will be used to establish the present environment scenario. d) Identification, prediction and evaluation of Anticipated Environmental Impact due to the proposed Mine and related facilities. The environmental impacts would be anticipated in core and buffer zone on: - Topography and drainage - Climate - Water quality(Surface/Ground) - Hydro-geological Regime - Air quality - Noise Levels - Flora and Fauna - Traffic density - Land-Use - Socio-Economic Conditions - Habitat - Health, culture, human environment including public health, occupational health and safety - Sensitive Places/Historical Monuments. The impacts would be anticipated based on experience of similar projects. d. Proposed Environmental Safeguards and Monitoring Mechanism. Relevant guidelines as per Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification issued in January 1994 and subsequently on 14th September 2006 under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 will be kept in mind while spelling out mitigation measures. The following aspects would be covered I. Reclamation of areas disturbed during mining but not required for any activity after exhaustion of reserves. II. Measures to control the surface and ground water pollution due to various effluents to be discharged, if any. III. Measures to control air pollution due to proposed activities/operation. IV. Green belt development plan and reclamation plan of mine.

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V. Measures to contain noise pollution & mitigate adverse impact on workers and habitat in core and buffer zone. VI. Pronounce the improvement in socio-economic conditions & benefits the people will get on implementation of the project. VII. Measures to control health hazard of workers and surrounding population. VIII. Total and specific cost of control measures. IX. Environmental monitoring, implementation organization and feedback mechanism to effect mid-course corrections. X. Identification of flora species which can be planted in and around the project.

1.9 TERMS OF REFERENCE The term of reference have been issued by Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) of MoEF, New Delhi vide letter no. J-11015/216/2013-IA.II (M) dated 14.10.2013 and are enclosed as Annexure No. I-B The compliance of the terms of reference has been given separately in the staring of this report.

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CHAPTER-II PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE NATURE OF THE PROJECT As per the mining plan, it is a proposed project to mine sand. The estimated project cost is Rs 80 Lakhs. Mining of Ordinary Sand (Bajri) is proposed in the river bed & applied lease area is 5151.6828 ha .The mining plan of Sand Mine is approved by the Department of Mines & Geology, Rajasthan. The Mineral River sand will be mined out by semi mechanized open cast method. The proposed production of the mine is 50.40 Lakh TPA. The mining plan was approved by the Department of Mines and Geology, Govt. of Rajasthan by SME/JO/CC/Bar/Minor/Bajri/ML No. 24/2012/1790 dated 05.08.2013. Its river sand area spreads in an area of 5151.6828 Ha, which is gair mumkin nadi and Nallas of government land.

2.2 NEED FOR THE PROJECT AND ITS IMPORTANCE TO THE COUNTRY OR REGION The demand of sand in the area is increasing day by day both for private construction activities and infrastructure development by the Government Agencies The economy of India is the eleventh largest in the world by nominal GDP and the third largest by purchasing power parity. The country is one of the G-20 major economies and a member of BRICS. The primary reason for the economic growth can be attributed to the growth in infrastructure. Infrastructural growth is directly proportional to the availability of raw materials such as bricks, cement, sand etc. with the growing infrastructural requirement of the India, the demand of raw materials have increased geometrically. The proposed project will not only help the natural drainage pattern of the area by removing depositing sand on the river bed but also be a solution to the growing requirement of raw materials for infrastructure.

2.3 LOCATION OF THE PROJECT

TABLE 2.1: LOCATION OF THE PROJECT

Particulars Details Name of Project River Bed Mining Project of Ordinary sand Name of River Luni River & their connected nallah About 45 revenue village of Tehsil Gudamalani District Barmer ( i.e. Gandhav Khurd, Paliyasi, Dangriya, Padrali Kalla,Gadevi, Banta, Aalpura, Mithari, Sidhasava Chouhan, Bhakharpura,Gudamalani, Ratanpura, Degwas Charnan, Dedawas Jagir, Nagar, Galiya Kalla, Near Village Dhandlawas, Modawas,Junakheda,Tunkiya, Jalikheda, Khudala, Lolawa, Goliya jeevraj, Bhatala,Sada, Mandawala, Paila Kalla, Darguda, Paila Khurd, Dangwa, Amarpura, Bhalkhadi, Gadesara, Sindhari Chousira, Bhuka Bhagatsingh, Bhuka Thansingh Manawas, Gangali, Karna, Dandali, Girli charnan, Aamjar &

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Gandhav kalla. List enclosed as Annex-III Tehsil Gudha malani and Sindhari District Barmer Latitude 24059’12.41”N to 25048’44.51” N. Longitude 71040’58.06”E to 71058’23.57” E

Figure 2.1 Location Map of the Project

2.4 DEMANDS-SUPPLY GAP: There is large demand of sand for construction activities in the region. Demand of sand is fulfilled by this project to various end users in open market. The Bajri which is an important component in the construction activities of any kind increase the demand as whole. During the last three to four years sudden increase in the real estate activities in the region further enhance the high demand of the bajri is fulfilled by this project .

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2.5 EXPORT POSSIBILITY Sand will be sold out in only domestic market as well as capital market. No export of River sand is envisaged from this mine.

2.6 LEASEHOLD AREA Total lease hold area of 5151.6828 Ha lies in the river bed of Luni. The break up of leased area is shown in the Table No.: 2.2.

Table 2.2 Breaks Up of Lease Area S. No. Particular Area (Ha) 1 River bed and Nallas 5151.6828 2 Agricultural Land Nil 3 Grazing Land Nil 4 Forest Land Nil Total 5151.6828

Figure 2.2 Pictorial view of proposed lease area

NORTH-WEST NORTH-EAST

SOUTH-WEST SOUTH-EAST

2.7 DRAINAGE There is no river which originated from the district however;the river Luni which rises near Puashkar in district draining western slopes of the Aravalli crosses the district in the southern part flowing in the western direction. It is an ephemeral river and carries runoff that is generated in the upper reaches. Channel deposits of Luni facilitate percolation during rainstorm, there by the neighboring wells along its bank.

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General topography has the slopes towards the river both on East and West side. Area is generally flat in nature. River flows from East to South west side towards Gudha malani and sindhari. Highest elevation of the lease area is 92 mRL and lowest is 36 mRL at the end of lease area.

2.8 DOMESTIC /EXPORT MARKETS The total production from the applied mine will be directly transported by Trucks, Dumpers and tractor trolley provided by the transport contractors to local market. In India Bajri is extensively used in construction for infrastructure developments. Hence with the advent of growth and development of mega infrastructural projects in the state of Rajasthan, the demand of Bajri is on a high-rise. The local region demand is increasing; hence newer areas for Bajri reserves are approached.

2.9 REGIONAL AND LOCAL GEOLOGY 2.9.1 Regional Geology The Barmer district is located between 24058’ to 260 32’N Latitudes and 700 05’ to 72, 52’E Longitudes. Barmer is located in the Western part of the state forming a part of the . The district is surrounded by in the North, in the South, and in the East and Pakistan in the West. The Barmer Basin of Rajasthan as a major new hydrocarbon province. Most reserves are contained in fluvial sandstone reservoirs of the Fatehgarh Formation, which probably ranges in age from Late Cretaceous to Early Paleocene. The Fatehgarh sandstones were mainly derived from reworking of Mesozoic sandstones at the Northern end of the Barmer rift, but with some volcaniclastic input probably derived from Deccan volcanic rocks within and on the margins of the rift. These thick, quartz-rich, high porosity and permeability sandstones provide an excellent oil reservoir in the North of the Barmer Basin, but the increasing volcanic influence further South causes reservoir quality and thickness of net sand to deteriorate. This paper relates how the tectonic and volcanic evolution of the North-West margin of the Indian plate has influenced the depositional trends which have resulted in formation of this world class reservoir. Aeolian sand, Alluvium, Tertiary sandstone, Lathi sandstone and Barmer sandstone Mesozoic), Malani rhyolite, granite and Jalore Siwana granite (Post Delhi). The Geology of the district is obscured by extensive desert sand & sand of dunes. The rock formations are mostly exposed in patches. The general stereographic succession worked out by Geological survey of India is as under: Table 2.3 Geological Succession of Rocks FORMATION AGE LITHOLOGY Recent to sub recent Sand, sandy soil, kankar, vast gypsum & selenite deposit. Kapurdi formation Lower to middle Eocene Fuller's earth.

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Mandhi formation Lower Eocene to upper Clays & ferruginous & Akli formation Paleocene. sandstone grey &black Shales with or without lignite inter calations, bentonite, siliceous earth. Fateh garh Middle Paleocene to Sandstone. formation upper cretaceous. Lathi formation Triassic – Jurassic Sandstone. Malani igneous rock Late Precambrian Rhyolite granites & associated intrusives.

The malani igneous suits of rocks are most extensive & are oldest in the area. They consist of volcanic rocks, rhyolites granites & associated intrusives like basic dykes aplites & quartz veins. Beside these volcanics, other rocks exposed in the area are sandstone belonging to Lathi, Fatehgarh & Mandhi formations, Akli & Kapurdi formations constituted by bentonite & fuller's earth.

2.9.2 Local Geology The region West of Barmer-Consist of hillocks mainly composed of rhyollite and Graintes. East wards from Barmer.i.e. towards Sindri the cover of sand and sand dunes decreases and beyond Sindri the dunes are few. The area between Barmer and Shiv is mostly covered with blown sand, except in the vicinity of Bothia, West of Hathi Singh ki Dhani and Koatra, where sand stone forms small hillocks. The SE part of the district near Mangla, Balotara, Tilwara and Sindari is occupied by sand and sand dunes of recent to sub recent. In the SE of Dandali to Sindari some out crop are shown of Malani Rhyolite. These rocks are overlain by East to South trending rocks of Malani igneous rock of late Precambrian. In the Northern part of Barmer is covered by the Sand Stone of fatehgarh formation, lignite of Akli Formation and fuller’s earth of Kapurdi Formation. These are belonging to Tertiary age. The oldest rocks found in the district are schists belonging to the Aravalli system. The sub aerial character of the lava is proved by the inclusion between the flow of bands of rolled pebbles of the lava itself and other crystalline rocks derived from the Aravalli range. The rhyolites of this area are pierced by dykes and bosses of granite (known as Siwana granite) containing hom- blende but no mica as distinct from the Jalore granite, which contains mica. These granites form a considerable hill mass in the east of the district, the Saora range south of Siwana rising to over 1125 metres above sea level. The rhyolites are also traversed by numerous bands of intrusive rock containing oegirime, augite, sanidine and sodalite. Sandstones and conglomerates wtraces of fossil leave occur at Barmer and are probably of Jurassic age. The sand also contains salt, which has been loosened by rain over the ages to collect in the Pachpadra

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depression. The district is poor in metallic mineral deposits. However, the important minerals produced in the district are bentonite, gypsum, siliceous, earth and salt yielding good annual revenue. The district is the largest producer of bentonite, which is used as grouting material in engineering construction, in drilling muds and in insecticide, paint, pharmaceutical, vegetable oils and petroleum industries. The important deposits extendfromKhoryal to Mahawar over a distance of 86 km. Fuller’s earth which is used in refining of petroleum, vegetable oils and fats, occurs at Kapoordi. Gypsum deposits are located at Phulsund, Kawas and Utarlai and are used in the manufacture of fertilizer, plaster of paris, distemper and cement. Salt with sodium chloride is extracted from Pachpadra Lake. Lignite occurrences have been reported at Unrod and Bharka. Rhyolite and granite occur at Barmer and Siwana.

2.10 ESTIMATION OF RESERVE & MINEABLE RESERVE: Since the Sand is available in whole sanctioned area, the complete area is mineralized zone. Following points should be kept in mind while calculating the reserve. Ø About 3m deep has been taken under the proved category. Ø Average 3m depth is considered as the probable category. Ø 1.4 tones/ m3 has been taken as specific gravity of proposed mining of material (Bajri). Reserve Estimation: To understand the structural configuration and working of Bajri, geology of the area, surface geological mapping. Geological cross section is also drawn and a longitudinal section is prepared so as to understand the structural configuration of the mineral Bajri. The base line information for the computation of reserve has been generated based on geological information and parameters observed during the field visit, the surface geological plan and also the geological section. Based on the survey, the estimated reserves have been categorized in proved category. Volumetric method is adopted for calculating reserves of River Sand. Reserves are estimation on the basis of established width, thickness, and stoke length based on influence of the mineralized formation in the river bed and where good inferences are available only such area are considered for reserve estimation. The depth is considered upto 3.0m as although working is permitted upto 3.0m depth in the riverbed. Feasibility Assessment: Measured & indicated resource category Proved resources are 25609751.2 Tonnes and Indicated resources are calculated as 25200730 Tonne say about 25200000 tone or 252.00 Lakh tone Mineable reserve:

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Estimation of Reserves* out of Measured & Indicated Mineral Resources Sr. No Resource Type UNFC Code Tonnage 1. PROVED RESERVES 111 25609751.2 2. BLOCKED RESERVES 211 409021.20 3. MINEABLE RESERVES 222 25200730

Total production proposed is 25200000 MT in lease period @ 5040000 MT= 50.40 Lack Tone per annum is suggested on rotation basis in such a way that working site of previous year mining will act as depository for the monsoon season.Sand is extracted from the said lot during one year;more than the extracted quantity of the same are automatically replenished by rainfall in the monsoon by the river/nallah itself on account of its flow and velocity. Annual sediment deposition at the place of mining: This is accomplished by taking the converted dimensionless ratio flow-duration curve and multiplying increments/duration of time in days by the sediment yield associated with that flow. The computations for total annual suspended and bed load sediment yield are given below: Formula For Q < 2 in: S = 1280 Q 0.46 [1.43-0.26 log (A)] For Q > 2 in: S = 1965 e -0.055Q [1.43-0.26 log (A)]

Figure 2.3 Cathment Area of Luni River

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2.11 SAND BUDGET BY ESTIMATION Determining the sand budget for a particular stream reach requires site- specific topographic, hydrologic, and hydraulic information. This information is used to determine the amount of sand that can be removed from the area without causing undue erosion or degradation, either at the site or at a nearby location, upstream or downstream. In-channel or near-channel sand-and-gravel mining changes the sediment budget, and may result in substantial changes in the channel hydraulics. These interventions can have variable effects on aquatic habitat, depending on the magnitude and frequency of the disturbance, mining methods, particle-size characteristics of the sediment, the characteristics of riparian vegetation, and the magnitude and frequency of hydrologic events following the disturbance. Temporal and spatial responses of alluvial river systems are a function of geomorphic thresholds, feedbacks, lags, upstream or downstream transmission of disturbances, and geologic/physiographic controls. Minimization of the negative effects of sand- and-gravel mining requires a detailed understanding of the response of the channel to mining disturbances. Decisions on where to mine, how much and how often require the definition of a reference state, i.e., a minimally acceptable or agreed-upon physical and biological condition of the channel. Present understanding of alluvial systems is generally not sufficient to enable the prediction of channel responses quantitatively and with confidence; therefore, reference states are difficult to determine. Still, a general knowledge of fluvial processes can provide guidelines to minimize the detrimental effects of mining. Well-documented cases and related field data are required to properly assess physical, biological, and economic tradeoffs. Total Length of Luni River up to River sand mining area: 200 km Average Width of Luni River: 200 meter = 0.2 km Total Catchment area of Luni River: 755 Sqkm (75500 Ha.) Table: 2.5 Total sediment yields per year Physiographic Catchment Average sediment Density of Total Load region Distributi yield (m3 km-1 Sand ( Lac on (Sqkm) year-1 ) Tonne) Sandy Plain 370 340 1.4 1.76 Older alluvial 155 1840 1.4 3.99 Plain Rocky / gravelly 230 1430 1.4 4.60 piedmont Total 10.36 Source: K.D. Sharma, CAZRI, Jodhpur

Replenishment in Luni River in Gudhamalani Tehsil: 20.55 % Total Catchment area of Luni River is 755 Sqkm Sediment quantity of sand in the proposed area calculated by different available methods & Equation.i.e

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Dandy-Bolton & case study by K.D.Sharma (CAZRI, Jodhpur).The finally we have estimated, the repleshiment of sand.

2.12 Significant feature of Mining · The removal of sand shall be done open cast semi mechanized method. · The working period for removal of sand will be restricted to 280 days (nine months) and during three month of rainy season no mining shall be undertaken. · The mining operations in the applied lease area would be confined to day light hours, from 9 A.M. to 5 P. M. · The proposed mining block for removal of sand would be left as it is approximately for 15 months. · Thus virtually each block would be rested for replenishment for two consecutive monsoons. · The Bajri will be loaded into trolleys and transported to directly sell.

2.13 EMPLOYMENT GENERATION: The removal of sand in the applied lease area will involve contractual labor. About 131 persons will be engaged in mining of Sand; loading of material into transport vehicles. The Sand will be loaded and sold directly. The vehicle for transport of Sand from mine to the destination is provided by the contractor. The labors for loading and un-loading of Sand will also engaged by contractor. Sometimes extra loads which are not booked by the buyers are unloaded at the Stack yard made for temporary storage of Sand for a day or two outside river bed areas.

2.14 WASTE GENERATION There is no top soil, overburden or waste to be encountered in the area. Waste disposal is not required and not proposed.

2.15 TRANSPORTATION The roads connect from the mine site to National Highway No. 15. These roads are wide enough to facilitate easy and smooth movement of heavy duty trucks. The National Highway has traffic density less than 900 trucks per day. On these Highway trucks/trolleys ply regularly and these will easily accommodate additional dumper/tippers per hour. Mineral Bajri will be transported by hired trucks and dumper. Loaded trucks will travel on kaccha road made for plying of trucks, for a short distances of 1 to 1.5 kms and then on tar road. No of such temporary road will provide access to the river bed and the movement of loaded trucks. As the lease area compromises Rivers and Nalas thus the stretches in lenghth of around 80 kms.

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FIGURE 2.4: TRANSPORATION ROUTE MAP

2.16 ANTICIPATED LIFE OF MINE There is no specific life of the applied mine area as the area under reference is open and barren river bed of the river and whatever quality of sand minerals

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are extracted during one year and about 25% of extracted quantity will be replenished every year during monsoon.

2.17 QUANTUM OF DEVELOPMENT AND TONNAGE OF PRODUCTION Production (Extractable Quantum): · However considering the factors such as geological disturbances, volume that cannot be mined due to flow of water and also considering the safety factor, approximately 50.40 Lakh TPA has been considered to as production or the extractable quantity from the mineable area and total reserves estimated based on the 3 Mtr. Depth working is about 2,52,00.000 MT and devided in five year as per mining plan.. The minerals excavated from the river bed material will be replenished gradually during the monsoon season every year. · The quantum of replenishable amount for the purpose of EIA i.e. the wash load will be obtained by using widely acceptable sediment yield calculation based on “DendyBolton equation. Mining Process: Lease has been allotted for a period of 5 years and it is proposed to work the mine simultaneously so that there is no pressure of mining in one particular area, year wise proposed production details is as follows. Table 2.6: Blockwise Proposed Production Details in MT Year Block 1 Block 2 Block 3 Block 4 Production in (Mineral (Mineral (Mineral (Mineral in Ton in Ton) in Ton) in Ton) Ton) 1st 504000 840000 1848000 1848000 5040000 2nd 504000 840000 1848000 1848000 5040000 3rd 504000 840000 1848000 1848000 5040000 4th 504000 840000 1848000 1848000 5040000 5th 504000 840000 1848000 1848000 5040000 Total 2520000 4200000 9240000 9240000 2,52,00,000

· A barrier of 7.5 m width will be left from the lease boundary. · 20 m offset will be left against the banks to protect side collapse/scouring and riparian vegetation. · It will be done leaving a safety zone of 50 m radius is being earmarked for the wells located in the river bed. · Mining will be done upto a maximum depth of 3 m in layers of 1 m each which will avoid ponding effect. · Excavated area will be replenished naturally due to sediment inflow from the catchment area.

2.18 USE OF MINERAL · Sand is mainly consumed by infrastructure & housing industries and development.

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· Sand is used for mainly for construction work with cement of lime mortar. · The specifications of average grade of Sand is that it should be gravel free and of desired porosity. It should be siliceous in nature.

2.19 UTILITIES AND PROPOSED SITE FACILITIES A. Power Supply: The electric power supply is not available at river site, while in the nearby area (huts, villages) electricity is available. During the removal of sand, no power supply will be required. B. Water: Water requirement for domestic/drinking purpose is fulfilled through the nearby hand pump/dug wells in villages also from river. The total water requirement for the project is estimated 10 KLD. Water for mining operation (dust suppression) and for domestic & drinking purpose will be supplied with the help dug well situated in the nearby village and water tankers.

TABLE 2.7: PEAK WATER REQUIREMENT Activity Water requirement in KLD Domestic Use 4.0 Plantation & Dust 6.0 Suppression Total 10.0

Figure 2.5 WATER BALANCE CHART C. Man Power Total manpower required directly for the project is 131 persons with so many persons benifitted indirectly. D. Temporary Rest Shelter: Teperary rest shelters provided to rest of workers in adequate quantity with all necessary facilities.

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CHAPTER-III DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT

3.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 3.1.1 Study area Exploitation of mineral resources from the land through mining causes environmental and ecological instability, severe land degradation besides biological physical and socio-economic imbalance. The impact of the mining activities can be quantified through Environmental Impact Assessment Studies within the impact zone. The findings of EIA studies help in preparation of the environmental management plan for mitigating the adverse impacts. For the purpose of studying the baseline status of the environment, core zone and buffer zone are considered for Impact Assessment. The core area for the purpose comprises applied mining lease area of 5151.6828 Hect. The buffer zone comprises a 10 km from around the core area. This section contains a description of the existing baseline environmental status of the area surrounding Luni River & their connected flow nallah mine, the data collected has been used to define the environmental scenario of the area, against which the potential impacts of the project has been assessed.

3.1.2 Sources of Environmental Data The baseline information on micro-meteorology, ambient air quality, water quality, noise levels, soil quality and floristic descriptions are largely drawn from the data generated by M/s Enviro Concept (I) Pvt. Ltd, by M/s Noida Testing Laboratories, (Noida), (NABL Accredited Lab). Long term data recorded on site was collected. Apart from these, secondary data have been collected from Census Handbook, Revenue Records, Statistical Department, Soil Survey and Land use Organization, District Industries Centre, Forest Department, Central Ground Water Authority, etc. The generation of primary data as well as collection of secondary data and information from the site and surroundings was carried out during post-monsoon season i.e. October - December 2013.

3.1.3 Aspect studied As per the gazette notification dated 14th September 2006 and guidelines of CPCB, the study area was demarked. The study was conducted within a 10 km buffer. The study period defined is October-November-December 2013. During the ToR presentation on dated 14-10-2013 it was conveyed to the honorable EAC that the study will be conducted from October -December 2013 The disciplines covered by the baseline data collection programme include the following: -

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EIA/EMP REPORT FOR RIVER SAND MINING TEHSIL: GUDHAMALANI, BARMER (RAJ) 2014-15

Topography, Physiography, Hydrological aspects, Atmospheric condition, Biological environment, Land use, cropping pattern & Socio economic aspects.

3.1.4 Study Area The proposed project as a center, a radial distance of 10 km is considered as study area for baseline data collection and environmental monitoring.

3.1.5 Study Period The baseline environment study was carried out over a radial distance of 10 km around the mine during Post Monsson season of 2013 covering the months of October - December 2013. And additional Air monitoring had done at ten locations in the month of May 2015 to represent whole study area.

3.2 STUDY AREA AT A GLANCE The study area includes the villages of Gudhamalani Tehsil within 10 Km radius from the periphery of lease boundary shown as Fig No 3.1.

TABLE 3.1: STUDY AREA AT A GLANCE S. No. Particulars Details 1.0 General Particulars 1.1 Latitude 24059’12.41”N to 25048’44.51” N. Longitude 71040’58.06”E to 71058’23.57” E 1.2 Study area 247916 Ha. 1.3 Tehsil Gudha malani and Sindhari 1.4 District H.Q. Barmer 2.0 Demography 2.1 Total Population 337332 Male 175641 Female 161691 2.2 Literates 167720 2.3 No. of Villages 357 3.0 Road 403.33 3.1 Water Body 20.76 3.2 Plantation 185.010 3.3 Open Scrub Land 7777.38 3.4 Settlements 1593.45 3.5 Rocky Area 173.49 3.6 Saline Area 674.58

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EIA/EMP REPORT FOR RIVER SAND MINING TEHSIL: GUDHAMALANI, BARMER (RAJ) 2014-15

3.7 River 2029.54 3.8 Sand dunes Area 39813.93 3.9 Forest Area 821.82 3.10 River & Nallahs Lease area 5151.6828 3.11 Agriculture Fallow Land 186725.9 3.12 Mean monthly maximum temp. 37.0 °C 3.13 Mean monthly minimum temp. 9.0 °C 3.14 Wind Direction South to North

FIGURE: 3.1 STUDY AREA MAP

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EIA/EMP REPORT FOR RIVER SAND MINING TEHSIL: GUDHAMALANI, BARMER (RAJ) 2014-15

FIGURE: 3.2 FIELD VISIT BY EIA TEAM

3.3 TOPOGRAPHY OF STUDY AREA The proposed area is a river bed which is gentle sloping. The elevation in the area varies from 92 mRL to 36 mRL. The surrounding area is devoid of any thick vegetation except for patched agricultural lands. The Luni River flows from east direction to south west side. River is non Perennial River and it turns only in rainy season and almost dry in summer. Total stretch of river is about 80 Km and slope is 1: 1.15, Ref; Figure 3.3 for details.

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EIA/EMP REPORT FOR RIVER SAND MINING TEHSIL: GUDHAMALANI, BARMER (RAJ) 2014-15

Figure 3.3 Topographical Map of Study Area

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EIA/EMP REPORT FOR RIVER SAND MINING TEHSIL: GUDHAMALANI, BARMER (RAJ) 2014-15

Figure 3.4 Slope Map of River Sand Mining Area

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EIA/EMP REPORT FOR RIVER SAND MINING TEHSIL: GUDHAMALANI, BARMER (RAJ) 2014-15

3.4 CLIMATIC CONDITION The district experiences arid type of climate. Mean annual rainfall (1971-2005) of the district is 281.8 mm whereas normal rainfall (1901-1971) is lower than average rainfall and placed at 277.5 mm. Almost 90% of the total annual rainfall is received during the southwest monsoon, which enters the district in the first week of July and withdraws in the mid of September. As the district lies in the desert area, extreme of heat in summer and cold in winter is the characteristic of the desert. Both day and night temperature increases gradually and reaches their maximum values in May and June. The temperature varies from 48 degree in summer to 2 degree in winter. Atmosphere is generally dry except during the monsoon period. The humidity is highest in August with mean daily relative humidity is 43%. The annual maximum potential evapotranspiration in the district is 1850 mm and it is highest (260 mm) in the month of May and lowest (77 mm) in the month of December. 3.5 PHYSIOGRAPHY 3.5.1 Relief The topography of the applied area is mainly plain land marked with shallow nallah and undulations. In Luni River the higher elevation is 92 m from msl and lower elevation point is 36 m from msl. 3.5.2 Drainage General topography has the slopes towards the river both on East and West side. Area is generally flat in nature. River flows from East to South west side towards Gudha malani and sindhari. Highest elevation of the lease area is 92 mRL and lowest is 36 mRL at the end of lease area. Refer Figure 3.5 for details

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Figure 3.5: Drainage Pattern of the Study Area

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3.6 ENISHMENT OF THE AREA The rotational mining shall be adopted to facilitate the replenishment of the excavated pits during rainy season. Thus the mineable area has been divided in two blocks i.e. the upstream block and the downstream block. The Mining of these two blocks is suggested on rotation basis in such a way that pit of previous year mining will act as depository for the monsoon season. Bajri is extracted from the said lot during one year; about 20 % of extracted quantity of the same is automatically replenished by rainfall in the every year itself on account of its flow and velocity.

3.7 HUMAN SETTLEMENT There is no human settlement within the applied lease area. Total 357 village within the study area with population of 375659.

3.8 HYDROLOGICAL ASPECTS Hydrogeology The main water bearing formations in the district are rhyolites and granites of post Delhi; Lathi sandstone, Tertiary sandstone and Quaternary alluvium. In quaternary alluvium, ground water occurs under semi confined to unconfined conditions, in semi consolidated tertiary and mosozoic formations it occurs under unconfined to confined conditions and in weathered and fractured zones in hard rocks under phreatic conditions. Though groundwater occurs in all the formations but the most productive are the Lathis, Barmer sandstones and the Quaternary sediments. The Territories, which are predominantly clayey and argillaceous, are not found as productive except locally in the sandstone horizon. In general, the fractured and weathered zones in hard rocks form poor aquifers. Consolidated formations: Consolidated formations include intrusive of Malani rhyolite and granite and Jalore & Siwana granites of Post Delhi. It lies in north western part of district, south of Siwana and entire western part of Barmer up to Harsani. It forms the poor aquifer. Ground water occurs under water table condition in fractured and weathered residum down to a depth of 99 m. The rhyolites are partially impervious. They are sparingly jointed and weathered into a clayey impervious residum lessen the water bearing capacity. The rocks have secondary porosity and the water yielding capacity of rock units diminishes with depth. Yield of dug wells taping rhyolites is lowest and ranges from 15 to 50 m3 Lathi sandstone: Lathi sandstone forms the most potential aquifer and is constituted of medium to coarse grained sandstone with subordinate amount of gravel. It covers the total area of 7500 sq. km and the extent of saturated Lathis with utilizable quality of ground water comprises about 3270 sq. km. The aquifer portion of the Lathi formation ranges in thickness from less than 100 m in the east to over 800 m in the northern part, east of Jaisalmer. There are generally three aquifers in the depth ranges of 67 to 100 m, 150 to 200 m and 240 to 280 m which are in hydraulic continuity. The ground water occurs under perched as well as main

40 F//FREIA.201506 water table conditions and under confined condition. The eastern part of Lathis is unsaturated, except for perched saturated zone which supply water locally to villages. The depth to water level and piezometric heads ranges from 30 to over 120 m. The perched water table occurs between 6 and 30 mbgl. The piezometeric surface is shallower in area north of Jaisalmer-Pokaran road due to lower topography. The piezometric surface ranges from 540m amsl near Bhopa to about 490m.amsl north of Jaisalmer-Pokaran road and south of Jaisalmer. The piezometric gradient ranges from 0.1 m/km to 1.6 m/km. In semi consolidated formation, 24 exploratory, 3 observation wells, 5 slim holes and 6 piezometers have been drilled. Depth of exploratory drilling varies from 82 to 347 m having depth of wells from 109 to 240 m. Discharge of wells especially in Lathi aquifer in its northern part varies from 303 to 852 lpm for draw down ranging from 2 to 12 m, while in south wards and towards south west area, the discharge of wells having saturated thickness of 15.85 (at Bhimda) to 123 m (at Bothia-II) varies from 632 to 1420 lpm indicating high potentiality of the aquifer. The transmissivity of the Lathi aquifer ranges from less than 100 to over 2000 m2 /day being comparatively higher in the northern part. Wells tapping the aquifer have high specific capacities ranging mostly from 150 to 500 lpm / m. Tertiary Formation: Tertiary formations consisting of alternative layers of clay and shale associated with fuller's earth are unproductive aquifers.

The boreholes tapping these formations were abandoned due to very poor yield and due to salinity of formation water. The piezometric level varies from 5.95 m. in the south (Dhanau borehole) to 111.25 m in the north (Gunga borehole). Boreholes tapping the fine grained sandstone in the territories yielded between 182 lpm (Karim Ka Par borehole) and 189 lpm (Dhanau Borehole) i.e. for draw down of 10.6 and 12.37 m respectively. Unconsolidated Formation Unconsolidated formation includes Quaternary alluvium that is most extensive, forms the potential aquifer and covers entire southern part and extreme western portion of the district. The exploration drilling data indicate that alluvium is composed of heterogeneous sequence of sand, silt, clay and kankar with occasional tongues and lenses of gravel and cobbles. The thickness of alluvium varies from 40 to 100 m. except at borehole at Padru in Balotra block where it was found maximum of 140.20 m, where even bed rock was not encountered. The ground water occurs under water table condition to semi confined condition. The perched water table condition occurs at shallow depth in clay beds and kankars which arrest the rain water of local precipitation. The piezometric surface lies between 5.51 and 49.87 mbgl. The perched water table condition prevails in central north and eastern part of district. A total of 28 exploratory, 5 observation wells, 15 piezometers and 9 production wells have been drilled in unconsolidated formation. The exploratory drilling data indicate that the depth of drilling ranges from 18 to 457 m with 18.0 m to 290 m depth of wells. Discharge of wells varies from 22 to 1409 lpm for draw down ranging from 6.0 m to 35.0 m.

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Figure 3.6: Hydrogeology Map of Barmer District

Figure 3.6 (a): Water Level of Barmer District (Pre-Monsoon)

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Figure 3.6 (b): Water Level of Barmer District (Post-Monsoon)

Seasonal fluctuation of pre & post monsoon indicates rise in all the blocks except Central and Western part of the block and extreme Western part of Sheo block only due to widespread and good rainfall. Out of this, rise in water level more than 10 m was observed in Barmer and Sheo blocks due to heavy rainfall in the month of August 2006. To know the present ground water condition seven monitoring location were selected for ground water monitoring including Mining lease area. The monitoring is done during the post- monsoon season i.e. October-November- December’2013

3.8.1 Introduction Local hydrological parameters and ground level water levels are not affected due to mining activity in the area.

3.8.2 Ground Water Condition The ground water level in the area is varies on an average from 60 meters to 65 meters near the riverbed and surrounding measure during study period.

3.8.3 ATMOSPHERIC CONDITION Atmospheric conditions include meteorological condition and ambient air quality of the study area. Meteorological conditions with respect to wind velocity and direction in the study area was determined by Site Specific Data. The required data for interpretation the ambient air quality of the study area was generated by establishing a monitoring network. Regular field observations as per the norms of MoEF and CPCB were taken from the established monitoring stations. 43 F//FREIA.201506

3.9. METEROLOGY Introduction Meteorological factors such as wind speed; direction variation in temperature, humidity etc. play a direct role in dispersion of pollutants atmospheric pressure, rainfall and cloud cover also govern this activity. Other factors such as terrain and local topography also take part in atmospheric dispersion. Meteorology plays a vital role in affecting the dispersion of pollutants. Since meteorological factors show wide fluctuations with time, meaningful interpretation can be drawn only from long term reliable data. Such source of data is the Indian meteorological Department (IMD), which maintains a network of meteorological stations at several important locations. A meteorological station was set up at near villge of proposed lease area Meteorological data was generated during the winter season monitoring period. The following parameters were recorded at hourly intervals continuously during monitoring period: ü Wind speed ü Wind Direction ü Air Temperature ü Relative Humidity Meteorological information available for this station is temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind-speed and wind direction. The data recorded at Jodhpur IMD station for the period October - December, 13 are summarized in below table. The data recorded at site of the study period October - December, 13 are temperature and relative humidity, which are summarized in the below table.

TABLE 3.2: MEAN TEMPERATURE & RELATIVE HUMIDITY

Month Temp (°C) Relative Humidity (%) Average wind Max Min 08:30 hrs. 17:30 hrs speed (m/s)

October 2013 37 20.2 31-78 % 19-33% 0.75

November 2013 32.7 14.1 56-82% 34-37% 0.85

December 2013 29.0 9.0 33-85% 19-70% 0.34

The mean maximum temperature ranges recorded was 37.0°C and minimum temperature was 9.0°C during the study period. The relative humidity is high during the study period, being generally over 85%. Wind speed plays a dominant role in the dispersion of air pollutants. An observation of the wind rose shows that the predominant wind directions are North to South.Detailed Meterological data enclosed as Annexure No: 4.

3.9.1 Wind Rose Wind speed of a site plays a vital role in predicting the extent of air pollution. It gives a clear view about the extent to which air pollutants are carried before they 44 F//FREIA.201506

touch the ground. Wind rose is diagrammatic representation of wind speed in a specified direction with its arms representing sixteen directions; each arm gives a clear frequency distribution of wind speed. Wind roses are generated with the site meteorological information’s initially collected. These raw data are processed with certain interpolation and stability classes and joint frequency function are developed to eventually reach to the development of wind roses. Refer Figure 3.7: Wind Rose Diagram

FIGURE 3.7: WIND ROSE DIAGRAM

3.10 AMBIENT AIR ENVIRONMENT To establish the ambient air quality the studies were carried out during winter season of the Month October - December, 2013 and additional study for one month conducted for logically justified the representation of whole study area as described in additional work as chapter-7 of this report.

3.10.1 Ambient Air Sampling Ambient air quality sampling was carried out with the help of Respirable particulate matter Sampler “ Respirable Dust Sampler” (RDS). The data generated by M/s Noida Testing Laboratories.for ambient air quality status within 10 km. radius of the mine has been compiled along with micrometeorological conditions for particulars season.

3.10.2 Location of Ambient Air Sampling Stations Eight sampling stations were established within 10 km radius to study the present air quality. The Selection of air monitoring station was carried out on the basic

45 F//FREIA.201506 of prominent wind direction that is one is down wind direction & two at the up wind directions. Refer Figure 3.8: Environmental Monitoring Location. FIGURE 3.8: Environmental Monitoring Location (Key Map)

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TABLE 3.3: AMBIENT AIR MONITORING STATIONS Direction Location Monitoring From Co-ordinates S. No. Zone Name Date Lease (Latitude/Longitude) Area Maliyon Ki Month of North- 1. 25°34'11.84"N/71°52'12.07"E Core Dhani October- West December North- 2. Tunkiya 25°30’11.72”N/71°56’14.26”E Core 2013 West 3. Amarpura South 25°20’07.65”N/71°51’05.19’’E Core 4. Madara West 25°56’32.18”N/72°18’48.59”E Buffer 5. Kharal West 25°11’19.04”N/71°42’37.40”E Buffer Mangala Ki 6. East 25°20’09.74”N/72°24’31.49”E Buffer Dhani 7. Rampura West 25° 7'31.76"N/ 71°38'44.46"E Buffer 25° 6'26.66"N / 8. Gudhamalani East Buffer 71°48'47.27"E 9. Nausar Month of West 25o46’37.29”N/71°52’35.01”E Buffer 10. Sindhari May, 2015 North 25 o 33’54.15N/ 71°55’34.69E Core 11. Lohira East 26 36’06.24”N/71°58’11.70”E Buffer 12. Khara Buffer East 25 31’46.42”N/71°59’15.50”E Mochecha (Road Side) 13. Motisara West 25 27’32.14”N/71°54’06.73”E Buffer 14. Panyala South- Core 25°29’07.34”N/71°51’46.99”E Khurd West 15. Sara North 25°24’43.88”N/71°50’53.72”E Core

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16. Chhajala South- 25 19’54.09”N/71°56’13.64”E Buffer East 17. Bhatala North- 25 23’47.30”N/71°49’33.61”E Core West 18. Goliya Kalan North 25 °27’81.57”N/71°85’12.0”E Core

3.10.3 Sampling Schedule Eight/Twenty four hourly samples were collected from station round the clock, twice a week for continuous three month (October-December, 13) at eight station and also additional monitoring for one month conducted at ten location for representation of whole area as suggested by expert appraisal committee during May 2015 study area, results are incorporated in next peregrapgh.

3.10.4 Air quality parameter The following parameters were analyzed for each sample.

Particulate Matter (PM10), Particulate Matter (PM2.5), Sulphur dioxide (SO2), -

Oxides of nitrogen (NO2) The brief details of testing procedure adopted are given in below table.

TABLE 3.4: PROCEDURE FOR DETERMINING VARIOUS AIR QUALITY PARAMETERS S.No. Parameters Instrument Method Method of Analysis 1. PM10 Respirable Dust BIS 5182 Part IV- Gravimetric Sampler 1973 (Average flow rate not to be less than 1.1 m3/ minute) 2. PM2.5 Fine Particulate Gravimetric Gravimetric Matter FPM 550 3. Sulphur Respirable Dust BIS 5182 Part II- Calorimetric Dioxide Sampler and 1969 Ultraviolet High Volume air Improved West & fluorescence sampler Gaeke method (Pararosaniline method) 4 Nitrogen Respirable Dust BIS 5182 Part IV- Calorimetric Oxides Sampler and 1973 Gas phase High Volume air Jacob & Hochheiser Chemiluminescence sampler modified (na- Arsentine method) 5 Carbon By Electro IS 5182 Part-10 Non Dispersive Monoxide Chemical Sensor Infrared (NDIR) Spectroscopy.

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Figure 3.9: Photograph of AAQ Monitoring

Ambient Air Quality Status Statistical parameters like minimum, maximum and 98th percentiles have been computed from the observed field data for all sampling stations. These are compared with the standards prescribed by Central Pollution control Board (CPCB) for industrial, residential and rural zone. The baseline values of the air pollutants of concern are presented in Table 3.5. Table-3.5: Ambient Air Quality Status S. No. of Aver 98 % CPCB Pollutant Location Max. Min. No. Observation age Standard Maliyon Ki 68.40 69.80 60.12 64.70 Dhani Tunkiya 69.92 60.50 64.70 68.52 Amarpura 69.91 60.22 64.70 68.51 Madara 69.95 60.15 64.90 68.55 24 Kharal 69.34 60.14 64.50 67.95 Mangala Ki 68.40 100 PM10 69.80 60.14 64.70 1 Dhani (µg/m3) Rampura 69.41 60.10 64.60 68.02 Gudhamalani 69.53 60.20 64.9 68.13 Nausar 08 65.23 62.12 64.10 63.92 Sindhari 68.08 65.36 66.59 66.71 Lohira 65.75 64.35 65.03 64.43 Khara 64.40 65.72 60.81 63.92 Mochecha 49 F//FREIA.201506

Motisara 65.67 63.76 64.79 64.35 Panyala 67.13 68.51 66.35 67.59 Khurd Sara 62.91 60.68 61.95 61.65 Chhajala 68.49 65.75 67.18 67.12 Bhatala 68.08 65.36 66.59 66.71 Goliya Kalan 63.76 69.31 67.19 62.48 Maliyon Ki 39.31 40.12 20.34 30.23 Dhani Tunkiya 40.58 20.31 30.44 39.76 Amarpura 40.29 20.58 30.43 39.48 Madara 40.25 20.58 30.41 39.44 24 Kharal 40.12 26.58 33.35 39.31 Mangala Ki 39.54 40.35 20.54 30.44 Dhani Rampura 40.12 20.54 30.33 39.31 Gudhamalani 40.21 20.31 30.26 39.40

PM2.5 Nausar 44.64 42.52 43.50 43.74 2 60 (µg/m3) Sindhari 45.78 43.50 44.96 44.86 Lohira 43.96 42.49 43.23 43.08 Khara 43.95 44.85 41.96 43.57 Mochecha Motisara 44.69 43.43 43.95 43.79 08 Panyala 45.85 46.79 44.26 45.79 Khurd Sara 42.28 41.13 41.81 41.43 Chhajala 46.21 45.21 45.81 45.28 Bhatala 45.78 43.50 44.96 44.86 Goliya Kalan 46.92 44.76 45.89 45.98 Maliyon Ki 17.05 17.40 12.30 14.90 Dhani Tunkiya 17.6 12.10 18.4 17.24 Amarpura 18.0 12.30 15.1 17.64 Madara 17.9 12.10 15.0 17.54 24 Kharal 18 12.01 14.9 17.64 Mangala Ki 17.52 17.9 12.3 15.11 Dhani Rampura 17.9 12.0 15.0 17.54 Gudhamalani 17.9 12.3 15.0 17.54

SO2 Nausar 15.91 12.97 14.95 15.59 3 80 (µg/m3) Sindhari 17.34 15.78 16.61 16.99 Lohira 15.81 14.62 15.07 15.49 Khara 15.44 15.76 12.81 14.58 Mochecha Motisara 15.55 14.41 14.85 15.23 08 Panyala 17.26 17.62 16.19 16.88 Khurd Sara 13.91 12.15 12.89 13.63 Chhajala 17.94 15.51 17.04 17.58 Bhatala 17.34 15.78 16.61 16.99 Goliya Kalan 17.92 14.71 16.71 17.56

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Maliyon Ki 27.3 27.9 22.3 25.0 Dhani Tunkiya 27.3 12.10 18.4 26.7 Amarpura 27.8 22.10 25.0 27.2 Madara 27.6 22.50 24.9 27.04 4 24 80 Kharal 27.9 22.32 24.7 27.34 Mangala Ki 27.34 27.9 22.31 25.10 Dhani Rampura 27.9 22.22 25.31 27.2 Gudhamalani 27.8 22.26 24.9 27.2

NO2 Nausar 26.65 22.92 25.57 26.01 (µg/m3) Sindhari 26.74 25.36 26.12 26.20 Lohira 15.42 13.92 14.68 15.11 Khara 25.15 25.67 22.85 24.69 Mochecha Motisara 25.46 23.91 24.74 24.95 08 Panyala 26.84 27.39 26.51 26.89 Khurd Sara 23.29 22.06 22.86 22.82 Chhajala 27.54 25.91 26.76 26.98 Bhatala 26.74 25.36 26.12 26.20 Goliya Kalan 27.58 24.59 26.33 27.02 Maliyon Ki 0.62 0.64 0.48 0.52 Dhani Tunkiya 0.64 0.40 0.51 0.62 Amarpura 0.64 0.40 0.51 0.62 Madara 0.64 0.40 0.51 0.62 Kharal 24 0.64 0.40 0.51 0.62 Mangala Ki 0.62 0.64 0.40 0.51 Dhani Rampura 0.64 0.40 0.51 0.62 Gudhamalani 0.64 0.40 0.51 0.62 CO Nausar 0.56 0.48 0.52 0.54 5 2 (mg/m3) Sindhari 0.63 0.58 0.61 0.61 Lohira 0.54 0.49 0.52 0.52 Khara 0.54 0.56 0.51 0.54 Mochecha Motisara 0.61 0.49 0.54 0.59 Panyala 08 0.61 0.63 0.58 0.61 Khurd Sara 0.47 0.42 0.45 0.46 Chhajala 0.64 0.58 0.61 0.62 Bhatala 0.63 0.58 0.61 0.6174 Goliya Kalan 0.63 0.52 0.59 0.61 * NAAQS – National Ambient Air Quality Standards. 24-hr concentration in ug/m3 except CO.

TABLE 3.6: RESULTS FREE SILICA IN PM10

Sampling Free Silica µg/m3 S.No. Location Stations Max Min Avg.

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1. Maliyon Ki Dhani AAQ1 4.70 2.60 3.6 2. Tunkiya AAQ2 4.74 2.60 3.6 3. Amarpura AAQ3 4.70 2.60 3.6 4. Madara AAQ4 4.72 2.60 3.6 5. Kharal AAQ5 4.71 3.92 4.34 6. Mangala Ki AAQ6 4.71 3.26 4.10 Dhani 7. Rampura AAQ7 3.21 2.60 2.89

8. Gudhamalani AAQ8 4.28 3.07 3.93

9. Nausar AAQ9 4.71 3.92 4.34

10. Sindhari AAQ10 4.71 3.26 4.10

11. Lohira AAQ11 3.21 2.60 2.89

12. Khara Mochecha AAQ12 4.28 3.07 3.93

13. Motisara AAQ13 4.52 3.13 3.89

14. Panyala Khurd AAQ14 4.53 3.86 4.14

15. Sara AAQ15 4.32 3.69 3.97

16. Chhajala AAQ16 4.12 3.85 3.99

17. Bhatala AAQ17 3.21 2.64 2.92

18. Goliya Kalan AAQ18 3.92 3.22 3.57

The free silica content observed in the study area was found to vary between 2.60µg/m3 to 4.71µg/m3. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) recommended permissible exposure limit (PEL) for free silica is 50µg/m3 as a time-weighted average (TWA) for up to a 10-hr workday during a 40-hr work week. 3.11 NOISE ENVIRONMENT Mining and allied activities are usually noise-prone activities. Excessive noise levels may cause adverse effects on human being and its associated environment including domestic animals, wild life, natural ecosystem and structure. The noise problem is said to exist when the sound level in the air causes interference in human activities such as disturbance in sleep, work and speech communication leading to annoyance. Perception of noise by individuals varies depending on number of factors such as natural sensitivity / hearing ability, level of exposure, time of the day, socio-cultural activities etc. at the time of exposure to sound. The impact of noise at community level can have different effects varying from aesthetic impairment such as annoyance, frequent hypertension to 52 F//FREIA.201506

as high as loss of hearing. The health impact of noise on individual depends on several factors, viz. physical dose (intensity of sound pressure level and duration of exposure), frequency spectrum, intermittency etc. as well as human factors like sex, age, health condition, occupational exposure etc. The background noise levels within the mine and around it were recorded using sound meter to establish the existing scenario. 3.11.1 Monitoring Methodology of Noise Level Noise standards have been designated for different types of land use, i.e. residential, commercial, industrial and silence zones, as per ‘The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000, Notified by the Ministry of Environment and Forests, New Delhi on February 14, 2000’. Different standards have been stipulated during day time (6 am to 10 pm) and night time (10 pm to 6 am). The noise analysis within the study area was recorded using 4-20, sound level meter. The analysis reveals that the noise’s well within the permissible range. The noise rating method as Leq i.e. equivalent sound pressure level has been adopted for the measurement of noise level in various selected sampling locations of this region. It is the energy means of the noise level over a specified period and is expressed in terms of decibels. Methodology for monitoring of noise levels is given in below table. 3.11.2 Location of Noise Monitoring Stations The location of Noise level monitoring is presented in below table.

TABLE 3.7: LOCATION OF NOISE MONITORING STATIONS Location with respect to Site Station Code. Station Name Distance (Km) Direction NEAR CORE ZONE NQ1 Maliyon Ki Dhani 0.3 S NQ2 Tunkiya 0.2 N NQ3 Amarpura 0.3 N BUFFER ZONE NQ4 Madara 5.0 South East NQ5 Kharal 9.0 East NQ6 Mangala Ki Dhani 6.7 North West NQ7 Rampura 7.0 South East NQ8 Gudhamalani 1.7 West

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3.11.3 Noise Level Results The noise monitoring within the study area was recorded using sound level meter. Noise readings were taken at seventeen different locations in the study area. TABLE 3.8: NOISE LEVEL WITHIN THE STUDY AREA Sampling Name of the location Noise levels dB(A)

code Leq day Leq night NQ1 Maliyon Ki Dhani 42.3 31.7 NQ2 Tunkiya 42.2 32.1 NQ3 Amarpura 40.9 31.1 NQ4 Madara 48.2 35.3 NQ5 Kharal 61.7 52.3 NQ6 Mangala Ki Dhani 62.3 51.8 NQ7 Rampura 42.3 31.9 NQ8 Gudhamalani 62.4 52.1

TABLE 3.9: CPCB NOISE STANDARD

Leq in dB (A) Category of Zones Day Night Industrial 75 70

Commercial 65 55

Residential 55 45

Silence Zone 50 40

a. Day time is from 6.00 Am to 10.00PM. b. Night time is reckoned between 10.00 PM to 6.00AM c. Silence zone is defined as an area up to 100m around premises of hospitals, educational institution and courts. Use of vehicle horn, loudspeaker and bursting of crackers is banned in these zones. Note: Mixed categories of areas be declared as one of the four above mentioned categories by the competent Authority and the corresponding standards shall apply.

3.11.4 Baseline Scenario The values of noise observed in some of the areas are primarily owing to vehicular traffic and other anthropogenic activities. Assessment of night time Leq (Ln) varies from 31.1 55 F//FREIA.201506

to 52.3 dB (A) and the daytime Leq (Ld) varies from 40.9 to 62.4 dB (A) within the study area.

3.11.5 TRAFFIC STUDY Traffic analysis is carried out by understanding the existing carrying capacity of the roads near to the project site and the connecting main roads in the area. The major roads connect from the mine site to NH-112, NH-15, SH-16 & SH-28 These roads are wide enough to facilitate easy and smooth movement of heavy duty trucks. Then depending on the capacity of the mine, the number of trucks that will be added to the present scenario will be compared to the carrying capacity. Based on the monitoring and data collection during stydy period, treffice volume estimated as follows:

Table 3.10 TRAFFIC STUDY

S,No. Volume of Design Capacity Existing Road Vehicles in PCU’s of road in LOS V/C Ratio oer Day (V) PCU’s/Day ( C )

1. SH-16 , Near Vill.Amarpura 1040 15,000 0.069 A

2. SH-28 Nr. Vill. Rampura 483 10,000 0.0483 A

3. NH-112 Nr, Mine site ( 385 10,000 0.0385 A Gudamalani)

4. SH-28 (Junction) 305 10,000 0.0305 A

5. Near Village Dandali (Village 590 10,000 0.019 A Road)

6. Nr. Vill. Bhatala 850 10000 0.085 A

7. NH-15 Nr. Village Madara 1180 15,000 0.078 A

8. Nr. Village Mangla ki Dhani 758 10,000 0.0758 A (Village Road)

9. SH-28 Nr. Vill. Tunkiya 1083 15,000 0.0722 A

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V= Volume of Vehicles in PCU’s/day & C= Capacity of Road in PCU’s/ day.

The existing Level of Service (LOS) is “A” i.e. excellent.

V/C LOS Performance

0.0 - 0.2 A Excellent

0.2 - 0.4 B Very Good

0.4 - 0.6 C Good / Average / Fair

0.6 - 0.8 D Poor

0.8 - 1.0 E Very Poor

Note: Capacity as per IRC: 64-1990

During Mine operation

Proposed Capacity of mine/annum : 50,40,000 TPA

No. of working days : 280 days

Capacity of osed capacity of mine Tone/day : 18000 TPD

Capacity of transportation Vehicle : 20 tonnes

Total Block for proposed Mining : 4 No’s

No. of Trucks /dumper deployed/day : 900 (225 Truck per block)

Increase in PCU/ day : 1800 (Considering both loaded & unloaded)

Modified Traffic Scenario & LOS

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Road V C Modified V/C Ratio LOS

Near villages 1075 10,000 0.10 A

All NH & SH 2980 15,000 0.198 B

Results

From the above analysis it can be seen that the V/C ratio is likely to change to 0.10 & 0.198with LOS being “A’’ which is excellent, as per classification. Hence, additional load on the carrying capacity of the concerned roads is not likely to have any adverse impact and existing road network is adequate for handling of proposed increasing traffic volume due to transportation of sand during peak hours of mining operation.

3.11.6 IMPACTS DUE TO TRANSPORTATION The river sand produced from the mine is to be consumed by different Construction/Infrastructural projects located at Barmer and adjoining areas. Transportation of mined out mineral from the river bed will be transported by hired/ consumers Dumpers, Tractors, trucks. Total Production during the five years planning is 50.40 LTPA. About 900 trucks per day will be required in this mining project. Hence, about 28 additional vehicles will be moving in extreme condition. The proposed increase in traffic density will not cause significant impact on the traffic since the connecting road and nearby State Highway is capable of handling this increase in traffic density. The trucks will be properly covered with tarpaulin and overloading will not be allowed to avoid spillage on roads.

3.12 WATER ENVIRONMENT 3.12.1 Water Quality

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Groundwater samples were collected from different sources within the study area and some important physical and chemical parameters were considered for depicting the baseline status of the study area. 3.12.2 Ground Water Quality Assessment The sources of potable water are the hand pumps, tub-wells & dug well in the area. Samples were collected from the available water resources around the applied mine lease area. The samples were collected & tested from different sites. The quality of ground water was studied by collecting water samples from representative open dug wells, tube wells & hand pumps. The details of water quality sites are given in below table. The samples were collected during winter season (Oct-Dec 2013). The ground water table in this river bed between 60 and 70 mts. from the the ground level. Proposed working will not intersect the ground water table in any how, Schematic diagrame of prposed mining working shown as Figure 3.11

HIGHEST CONTOUR 92 amsl LOWEST CONTOUR 36 amsl

ULTIMATE DEPTH 3.0 meter

WATER TABLE 60.0-70.0 BGL

Proposed working will not intersect Ground water table.

Figure3.11 Schematic Diagrame of Mining Working

3.12.3 Ground Water Monitoring Methodology To evaluate the physico-chemical characteristics of the water resources existing in the study area, water samples from ground water sources were collected during the post monsoon season and characterized for physico-chemical parameters. Water samples from Eight ground water source There samples were taken as grab sample and were analyzed for various parameters and compared with standards IS: 10500:2012. The locations of water sampling stations have been shown in below table.

Table 3.11: Water Sampling Locations Station Location with respect to Site Station Name Code. Distance (Km) Direction CORE ZONE

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WQ1 Maliyon Ki Dhani 0.3 S WQ2 Tunkiya 0.2 N WQ3 Amarpura 0.3 N BUFFER ZONE WQ4 Madara 5.0 South East WQ5 Kharal 9.0 East WQ6 Mangala Ki Dhani 6.7 North West

WQ7 Rampura 7.0 South East WQ8 Gudhamalani 1.7 West

Figure 3.12: Photographs showing collection of water samples

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Table 3.12 : Physico-chemical properties of Ground water Permissible Location and Source of Water Sample limit in Requirement the Absence (Desirable of Alternate Parameter Limit) source (As GW1 GW2 GW3 GW4 GW5 (As per BIS per BIS 10500:2012 10500:2012)

Ground Water Level (in Mtr.) 63.2 60.1 67.5 63.4 69.4

Colour 5 15 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0

Odour Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Taste Agreeable - Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Turbidity 1 5 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 pH value 6.5-8.5 - 8.18 8.11 7.96 8.06 8.01 Total dissolve solid 500 2000 1478 2183.0 1859 1973 2384.0 ( TDS) Aluminum 0.03 0.2 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL (as Al) Total No 0.5 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL Ammonia Relaxation Anionic surface 0.2 1.0 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL Detergents(as MBAS) Barium (as No 0.7 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL Ba) Relaxation Boron (as B) 0.5 1.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 Calcium (as 75 200 46.24 63.83 43.62 47.52 51.26 Ca) Chloramines No 4.0 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL (as Cl2) Relaxation Chloride (as 250 1000 417.09 592.84 496.16 517.37 682.47 Cl) Copper (as 0.05 1.5 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 Cu) Fluoride (as 1.0 1.5 1.89 2.14 1.97 2.38 2.94 F) Free Residual Chlorine 0.2 1.0 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL

No Iron (as Fe) 0.3 0.421 0.38 0.29 0.32 0.419 Relaxation Magnesium 30 100 16.83 23.82 15.42 16.87 19.32 (as Mg) Manganese 0.1 0.3 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL (as Mn) Nitrate (as 45 No 20.51 12.42 16.37 18.53 23.14 61 F//FREIA.201506

NO3) Relaxation Selenium (as No 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Se) Relaxation No Silver (as Ag) 0.1 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL Relaxation Sulphate (as 200 400 117.36 165.51 68.24 79.36 131.36 SO4) Sulphide(as No 0.05 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL H2S) Relaxation Alkalinity ( 200 600 317.00 328.0 361.00 378.00 398.00 as Ca CO3) Total Hardness (as 200 600 781.0 861.0 751.0 829.0 815.0 CaCO3) Zinc (as Zn) 5.0 15 0.391 2.876 0.328 0.385 0.371 Cadmium (as No 0.003 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL Cd) Relaxation Cyanide (as No 0.05 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL CN) Relaxation No Lead ( as Pb) 0.01 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL Relaxation Mercury (as No 0.001 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL Hg) Relaxation No Nickel (as Ni) 0.02 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL Relaxation Arsenic (as 0.01 0.05 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL As) Total No Chromium 0.05 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL Relaxation (as Cr) Coliform - Absent/100ml Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Bacteria E.Coli - Absent/100ml Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent

BDL: Below Detection limit

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Observation of Ground Water: Analysis results of ground water in the study area reveal the following: - · pH varies from 7.96 to 8.18. · Total dissolved solids vary from 1172 mg/l to 2384 mg/l. · It is seen that the physiochemical analysis of other parameters like Hardness, Chlorides, Iron, Flouride etc values are exceeding the permissible limits in some location.

3.13 Soil Environment Soil is defined as a thin layer of earth's crust which serves as a natural medium for the growth of plants. It is the unconsolidated mineral matter that has been subjected to and influenced by genetic and environmental factors, such as, parent material, climate organism and physiochemical action of wind, water and sum light an acting over a long period of time. Soil differs from the parent materials in the morphological, physical, chemical and biological properties. Also soils differ among themselves in some or all the properties depending on the differences in the gothic and environmental factors. The soil samples were analyzed for physical and chemical characteristics. The soil characteristic include both physical and chemical details, the soil survey was carried out by the M/s Enviro Concept(I) Pvt. Ltd. & M/s. Noida Testing Laboratories , Greater Noida, to assess the soil characteristics of the area.

3.13.1 Soil profile of the Study Area Soil of the district Barmer is classified mainly as sandy/bajri and loamy. It has alkaline and saline soils with a calcareous base. There is some nitrate concentration in the soil of these regions. Due to lack of water availability vegetation comprises of only thorny bush and cactuses. There is only seasonal vegetation such as a few grass species, shrubs and dwarf trees.

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Fig No 3.13 Photogrpahs Showing Soil Sampling

3.13.2 Soil quality and characteristics

The information on soils has been collected from various secondary sources and also through primary soil sampling analysis of which is described in this section.

For studying the soil profile of the region, 7 locations were selected to assess the existing soil conditions around the lease area representing various land use conditions. The concentrations of physical and chemical parameters were determined.

The sampling locations have been finalized with the following objectives:

Ø To determine the baseline soil characteristics of the study area; and

Ø To determine the impact of industrialization on soil characteristics.

Soils of the district are classified as follows:

Desert soil: Desert soil area is occupied by alluvium and wind blown sand, yellowish brown, sandy to sandy loam, loose, structure less, well drained with high permeability and lies in northern, western and central part of the district

Sand dunes: These are non-calcareous soil, sandy to loamy sand, loose, structure less and well drained. It lies in northern, western and central part of the district

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Red desertic soil: These are pale brown to reddish brown soils, structure less, loose, and well drained. Texture varies from sandy loam to sandy clay loam and lies in eastern and south eastern part of the district.

Saline soil of depressions: This type of soil found in salt lakes. They are dark grey to pale brown, heavy soils with water table very near to the surface and are distinctly saline.

Lithosols & Regosols of hills: This type of soil found in isolated hills as lithoslopes. These soils are shallow with gravels very near to the surface, high textured, fairly drained, reddish brown in color and lies in south eastern part of the district.

Land-use Pattern- The total reported area as per village record is 28, 17,332 ha. and about 54.48% of the total area are being cultivated.

The district is very poor in forest covering an area of 31677 hectares, which forms only 1.1% of the total area of the district. Agriculture is the main occupation of the rural population in the district .Net cultivable area of the district is 14, 54,491 hectares whereas non agriculture land area including fallows land is 6,54,452 hectares. 3.13.3Methodology for Soil Monitoring Soil samples from depth (0-15 cm) were collected from these villages area for estimation of the physicochemical characteristics of soil. Air-dried and Sieved samples have been used for determination of physical properties of soil. Standard methods were followed for the analysis of soil samples. 3.13.4 Soil Sampling Location Soil survey was carried out by Environmental Expert Team, while conducting the studies for preparing the report for the main plant of the applicant, by drawing samples from various locations in Post Monsoon seasons 2013 and analyses the same for physical and chemical parameters.

Table 3.13 Soil Sampling Monitoring Locations Station Code. Station Name Location with respect to Site

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Distance (Km) Direction CORE ZONE

SQ1 Maliyon Ki Dhani 0.3 S SQ2 Tunkiya 0.2 N SQ3 Amarpura 0.3 N BUFFER ZONE SQ4 Madara 5.0 South East SQ5 Kharal 9.0 East SQ6 Mangala Ki Dhani 6.7 North West

SQ7 Rampura 7.0 South East SQ8 Gudhamalani 1.7 West

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Table 3.14 Soil Analysis Result Parameter Unit SQ1 SQ2 SQ3 SQ4 SQ5 SQ6 SQ7 pH(1:5 suspension) -- 8.67 8.45 8.56 8.20 8.45 8.20 8.98 Electrical Conductivity µS/cm 280 269 272 270 275 270 280 at 25OC (1:5suspension.) Calcium (as Ca) mg/kg 1390 1372 1389 1384 1388 1384 1415 Magnesium(as Mg) mg/kg 125.4 125.8 127.9 126.4 127.7 126.4 129.15 Sodium (as Na) mg/kg 199.6 197.45 199.8 198.3 199.5 198.3 199.86 Potassium(as K) mg/kg 103.8 105.00 108.3 104.8 103.04 104.8 105.12 Water holding Capacity % by mass 34.69 34.25 36.45 35.83 35.24 35.83 36.15 Porosity % by mass 29.26 28.60 29.13 28.60 28.16 28.60 29.05 Sand % by mass 78.06 76.78 77.15 76.19 76.04 76.19 78.25 Clay % by mass 19.15 20.08 19.80 19.05 19.80 19.05 18.45 Silt % by mass 2.79 3.14 3.08 4.76 4.16 4.76 3.3 Cation Exchange Capacity Meq/100gm 8.00 8.03 8.06 8.26 8.14 8.26 7.89 Sodium Absorption Ratio - 4.16 4.14 4.00 4.85 4.01 4.85 4.05 Nitrogen % by mass 0.096 0.099 0.097 0.098 0.096 0.098 0.099

Phosphorus(P2O5) mg/kg 15.89 16.06 17.96 16.25 17.05 16.25 17.26 Zinc (Zn) mg/kg 4.00 4.11 4.16 4.80 4.15 4.80 4.75 Bulk Density gm /cc 1.48 1.78 1.78 1.50 1.19 1.50 1.69 Organic Matter %by Mass 1.13 1.36 1.69 1.26 1.05 1.26 1.55

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3.13.5 Results of Analysis of the Soil Soil is the media for supplying the nutrients for plant growth. Nutrients are available to plants at certain pH and pH of soils can reflect by addition of pollutants in it either by air, or by water or by solid waste or by all of these. In order to establish the baseline status of soil characteristics, soil samples were collected at 8 sampling locations. The analysis results show that soil is basic in nature as pH value ranges from 8.18 to 8.89 with organic matter 1.05 % to 1.69 %. The concentration of Nitrogen, Phosphorus & Potassium has been found to be in good amount in the soil samples. 3.14 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT Biodiversity and ecosystems need to be protected in order to preserve the quality of life on Earth. Many plants and animals have already become extinct through human actions. Habitat loss and fragmentation are major threats to biodiversity. Biological impact assessment is an integral and important component of “Environmental Impact Assessment” (EIA). Biological impact assessment (BIA) generally includes lists of plants and animals present in the core and buffer areas of the proposed project site. The identified species then check for their status according to an IUCN list of threat categories viz., endemic, endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate and insufficiently known. In certain cases it is also considered desirable to conduct vegetation analysis using standard phyto-sociological methods. An ecological study of the ecosystem is essential to understand the impact of mining and urbanization on existing flora and fauna of the study area. Studies on various aspects of ecosystem play an important role in identifying sensitive issues for undertaking appropriate action to mitigate the impact, if any. The biological study was undertaken as a part of the REIA study report to understand the present status of ecosystem prevailing in the study area, to compare it with past condition with the help of available data, to predict changes in the biological environment as a result of present activities and to suggest measures for maintaining its health. The study area consists of open scrub, where the vegetation is arid & semi arid thorny scrub type and sparsely distributed with undulated topography due to sand dunes. It is like northern tropical thorn forest, open canopied, 68 F//FREIA.201506 REVISED EIA/EMP REPORT FOR RIVER SAND MINING TEHSIL: GUDHAMALANI, BARMER (RAJ) 2015-16

succulent and tormentors leave. The common species of vegetation found includes trees, shrubs and grasses. There is no aquatic plant as the study area falls in the arid region and no perennial water body flows in the study area. Gudamalani, Tehsil of Barmer District, where the farmers grow only one rain fed crop in kharif season that too associated with high risk. Several seasonal vegetables and crops are also grown here. As the study area represents mostly rural environment where the cattle depends upon grassland for rearing. Reducing grazing affects reserve biodiversity. The present study is highlighting the various issues pertaining to floristic diversity and the faunal wealth in and surrounding area of the study site at Tehsil: Gudamalani , District: Barmer, Rajasthan. 3.14.1 Objectives of the study: The biological study of the area has been conducted in order to understand the ecological status of the existing flora and fauna to generate baseline information and evaluate the probable impacts on the biological environment. The present objectives were undertaken with the following objectives: · To collect the baseline terrestrial biodiversity status regarding flora and fauna in the project area. · To assess the frequency, density, abundance, Importance Value Index (IVI) and Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index (flora). · To evaluate the dominant species of plant and animal. Secondary data also be collected from the local residents and authenticated list of flora and fauna by the Department of Forest, Govt. of Rajasthan, Rajasthan. · To identify the endangered / threatened / scheduled species in the study area (both flora and fauna). The conservation plan will be given if any wildlife species of schedule I is present there. · To mark the ecologically sensitive areas such as national parks/ sanctuaries, if present there. · To provide the conservation plan and suggestion / recommendation for social forestry green belt / plantation. · To assess the effect of operation of the project on existing ecology.

3.14.2 APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY

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Delineation of the Study Area The project study area was delineated into two zones for biodiversity inventory. The existing project lease boundary was considered as Core Zone while, the area encompassing 10 km radius from the project boundary was designated as Buffer Zone. Field survey was carried out in all major habitats covering both core and buffer zones.

To achieve the above objectives, a detailed study of the area was undertaken in proposed project site with the help of checklist of flora and fauna was prepared based on secondary information to conducting field sampling during Oct- Dec 2013. Table No 3.15 Methods used for sampling of flora and fauna Taxa Methodology Plant Quadrate sampling and enumeration Butterflies Transect, Visual encounter survey Amphibians Visual encounter survey (Search) Reptiles Visual encounter survey (Search) Birds Point count, opportunistic Survey Mammals Tracks and signs and visual encounter survey

3.15 FLORAL STUDY The vegetation sampling was carried out by using quadrate method across different habitats. The quadrants are useful for quantification of the density and abundance of the vegetation in the study area. The size and number of quadrates needed were determined using the species area curve (Mishra, 1968) and the running mean method (Kershaw, 1973). Summarization of previously used methods and recommendations led to the use of more than often (10x10m) quadrates laid out for sampling the tree stratum and 1x1m quadrates for herbs and grasses. DBH of trees was also determined. All individuals > 10 cm GBH (Girth at Breast Height) were included in tree category. However, for examining the shrub species 3x3m sample plots were laid out.

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The species of flora found in the study area are listed as below: The species i.e, Vilayti Babool (Prosopis juliflora), Aak (Calotropis procera), Siniya (Crotalaria burhia), Bui (Aerva tomentosa), Dub (Cynodon dactylon), Bharut (Cenchrus barbatus) were only observed in the core area after monsoon period , because the core area is belong to non-perennial river and no top soil available to developing and floral species except some species in scattered forms. Natural vegetation in the study area commonly consists of Khejari, Kumat, Rohida, Vilayati babool etc. are the tree species. Jharberi, ker, jal are the shrub species and herbs of the area includes Khimp, Senia, Bui, etc. with grasses like Sewan, lapla etc. The creepers are (indryan) Tumba, in the farmer’s field Khejri and Rohira do the most common trees constitute about more than half of the total tree population. Jharber, Aak, Irna, are the common shrubs of the agriculture land. Senia is a common weed of the region while Israeli babool is the common species planted under road side plantation and the rehabilitation of grazing land of the region. The Study area falls under arid zones, hence the vegetation point of view there is predominance of xerophytes adapted plant species are able to establish themselves in this region and the vegetative cover is sparse.

The buffer zone of the study area belongs to variety of land used and maximum area belongs to desert area and floral species found in the area listed as below: Core zone: The species i.e, Vilayti Babool (Prosopis juliflora), Aak (Calotropis procera), Sinia (Crotalaria burhia), Bui (Aerva tomentosa), Dub (Cynodon dactylon), Bharut (Cenchrus barbatus) were observed in the core area.

Table- 3.16 List of plants in the buffer zone TREES S. Plant Species Commo Habitant Family Abu Avrg Min N n name n. . . o 1. Tecomella Rohida Arid & Semi Bignoniaceae Y undulate Arid Region

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2. Prosopis cineraria Khejari Arid & Semi Rhamnaceae Y Arid Region 3. Salvadora Meetha Arid and Salvadoracea Y oleoides Jal Semiarid region e 4. Ziziohus Ber Arid , Semi arid Fabaceae Y numularai & region 5. Ficus religiosa Pipal Arid , Semi arid Moracea Y & Tropical region 6. Azadirachta Neem Arid to Tropical Meliaceae Y indica region 7. Ziziphus xylopyra Gathbor Arid and Semi Rhamnacea Y Arid region 8. Acacia Senegal Kumat Arid and Semi Mimosacea Y Arid region 9. Acacia tortalis Israili Arid and Semi Mimosacea Y Babool Arid region 10 Pongagamia Karanj Arid to Tropical Fabaceae Y pinnata region 11 Ricinus communis Aranda Arid to Tropical Euphorbiaca Y region e 12 Sapindus Aritha Arid to Tropical Sapindaceae Y emarginatus region 13 Pongamia Karanj Arid to Tropical Fabaceae Y pinntata region 14 Dalbergia sissoo Shisha Arid to Tropical Fabaceae Y m region SHRUBS 1. Lyrium Murali Arid and Semi Fabaceae Y european arid region 2. Euphorbia Thor Arid and Semi Euphorbiacae Y royleana arid region a 3. Clerodendron Ami/Irna Arid and Lamiacea Y phlomoides Semiarid region 4. Zizyphus Jharber Arid and Semi Rhamnaceae Y mauritiana arid region 5. Caparis Kair Arid and Semi Caparaceae Y deciduas arid region 6. Salvadora Khara Jal Arid and Semi Salvadoracea Y persica arid region e 7. Calotropis Aak Arid & Tropical Asclepiadacea Y procera Region e

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8. Prosopis Vilayati Arid and Semi Fabaceae Y juliflora Babool arid region 9 Euphorbia Thor Arid and Semi Euphorbiacea Y royleana arid region e HERBS 1. Leptadenia Khimpra Arid and Semi Asclepiadacea Y pyrotechnica arid region e 2. Indigofera Neel Arid to tropical Fabaceae Y argentea region 3. Argemone Satyanasi Arid to Tropical Papaveraceae Y european region 4. Aerva tomentosa Bui Arid and Semi Amaranthace Y arid region ae 5. Xanthium Adhashis Arid and Semi Asteraceae Y strumarium hi arid region 6. Martynia annua Bichchu Arid and Semi Martyniaceae Y arid region 7. Crotolaria Sinia Arid and Semi Fabaceae Y burhia arid region 8. Achyranthes Andhijha Arid and Semi Amaranthace Y aspera ra arid region ae 9 Gynandropsis Arkapush Arid and Cleomaceae Y gynandra Semiarid region 10 Citrullus Indryan Arid and Semi Cucurbitacea Y colocynthis arid region e 11 Mimosa Jhinjani Arid and Semi Fabaceae Y rubicolis arid region 12 Indigofera Jhil Arid and Semi Leguminacea Y oblongifolia arid region e 13 Indigofera Bekar Arid and Semi Leguminacea Y cordifolia arid region e 14 Tephrosia Basuni Arid and Semi Lguminaceae Y hookeriana arid region

CLIMBERS 1. Cuscuta reflexa Amarbel Arid and Semi Cuscutaceae Y arid region 2. Ichnocarpus Dudhi Arid and Semi Apocynaceae Y frutescens arid region 3. Aristolochia Hukkabel Arid and Semi Aristolochiace Y bracteata arid region ae 4 Cocculus Bajarbel Arid and Semi Menispermac Y pendulus arid region eae 5 Aristolochia Makra Arid and Semi Poaceae Y

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braccteata arid region GRASSES 1 Cenchrus Bharut Arid and Semi Gramineae Y barbatus (Brown) arid region 2. Saccharum Kans Arid and Semi Poaceae Y spontaneum arid region 3 Aristida Lapla Arid and Semi Poaceae Y depressa, arid region 4 Lasisurus sewan Arid and Semi Paceae Y sindicus arid region 5 Desmostachya Dab.Khus Arid and Semi Poaceae Y bipinnata arid region 6 Cynodon Dub Arid to Tropical Poaceae Y dactylon region

The data collected for biodiversity information were quantitatively analyzed for density, frequency, abundance and Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index. The relative values of frequency, density and dominance of all the species were summed up to represent Importance Value Index (IVI). The followings are the formulae to derive frequency, density, abundance, Importance Value Index (IVI) etc.

Total number of quadrate in which species occurred Frequency = ————————————————————————------x 100 Total number of quadrate studied

Total number of individuals of a species Density = —————————————————------Total number of quadrate studied

Total number of individuals of species in all quadrate Abundance = ————————————————————————— Total number of quadrate in which species occurred

Total Basal Area Dominance = ————————————————— Total area sampled

Frequency of the species Relative Frequency = —————————————— x 100 Total frequency of all species

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Density of the species Relative Density = ——————————————x 100 Total density of all species

Abundance of the species Relative Abundance = —––———————————— x 100 Total abundance of all species

Dominance of the species Relative Dominance = —––———————————— x 100 Total Dominance of all species

Importance Value Index (IVI) = Relative frequency + Relative density +Relative dominance

Shannon – Weaver Index (1948): The number of species and number of individuals in a community is measure of species diversity which depends on stability of the habitat. Vegetation of the study area was assess by determining Shannon – Weaver diversity index (1948) D = -Σ (ni / n) log (ni / n) 2 ni = Number of individuals of each species in the sample n = Total number of individuals

Table- 3.17 IVI Index of Floral Species Buffer zone: Trees (10x10m)

Total Total no SWD Total no of of Inde Importa Speci No of quadra individu Relati Relativ x S. Relative Basal nce es Binomi quad te in al of Densi ve Frequ e H= N Freque area Value nam al name rate which species ty Densi ency Domin ∑ P o ncy (m2) Index e studi species in all ty ance ( (IVI) ed occurre quadrat lnP d e 1 Rohid Tecomell - a undulate 50 20 32 0.64 14.414 40 12.658 0.05031 9.999 37.0714 0.2792 2 Ber Zizyphus mauritian - a 50 11 15 0.3 6.757 22 6.962 0.04267 8.480 22.1992 0.1821 3 Kuma Acacia - t senegal 50 14 16 0.32 7.207 28 8.861 0.05075 10.086 26.1542 0.1896 4 Gathb Ziziphus - or xylopyra 50 12 20 0.4 9.009 24 7.595 0.04675 9.291 25.8952 0.2168 5 Amalt Cassia 50 19 22 0.44 9.910 38 12.025 0.05527 10.985 32.9198 - 75 F//FREIA.201506 REVISED EIA/EMP REPORT FOR RIVER SAND MINING TEHSIL: GUDHAMALANI, BARMER (RAJ) 2015-16

ash tora 0.2291 6 Neem Azadirach - ta indica 50 22 19 0.38 8.559 44 13.924 0.05175 10.285 32.7676 0.2104 7 Khejri Prosopis - cineraria 50 23 42 0.84 18.919 46 14.557 0.03546 7.047 40.5233 0.3150 8 Pipal Ficus - religiosa 50 6 6 0.12 2.703 12 3.797 0.08824 17.537 24.0373 0.0976 9 Israili Acacia - Babool tortalis 50 13 21 0.42 9.459 26 8.228 0.0466 9.261 26.9488 0.2231 10 Shish Dalbergia - am sissoo 50 18 29 0.58 13.063 36 11.392 0.03536 7.028 31.4831 0.2659 Vilyati Prosopis

11 Babool juliflora 2.2087 Karan Pongamia - 12 j pinnata 50 13 21 0.42 9.459 26 8.228 0.0466 9.261 26.9488 0.2231 Ricinus Arand Communi - 13 a s 50 11 15 0.3 6.757 22 6.962 0.04267 8.480 22.1992 0.1821 Sapinsus 14 Aritha emarginat - us 50 12 20 0.4 9.009 24 7.595 0.04675 9.291 25.8952 0.2168 2.8307

As per the IV, it was observed that Khejri and Rohira trees were most prominent species at the study site of Gudamalani while the Pilu and Neem were also quite better in number after Khejri and Rohira. Therefore, results are showing that arid adaptive species of trees were major vegetation of Gudamalani arid area.

Total Total no Imp Total no of of orta SWD Relat Rela No of quadra individu Relat nce Index S. Freq ive Abu tive Specie Binomial quadra te in al of Dens ive Valu H= - ∑ N uenc Freq nda Abu s name name te which species ity Dens e Pi o y uenc nce nda studie species in all ity Inde ( lnPi) y nce d occurre quadrat x d e (IVI) 1 Kair Caparis 15.95 12.50 15.9 44.4 deciduas 50 28 67 1.34 2 56 0 1.34 52 05 -0.2928 2 Thor Euphorbi a 10.23 10.71 10.2 31.1 royleana 50 24 43 0.86 8 48 4 0.86 38 90 -0.2333 3 Ami/Ir Clerodend na ron phlomoid 10.71 8.57 27.8 es 50 24 36 0.72 8.571 48 4 0.72 1 57 -0.2106 4 Jharbe Zizyphus r numnular 14.28 14.2 38.3 ia 50 22 60 1.2 6 44 9.821 1.2 86 93 -0.2780 5 Murali Lyrium 10.71 12.05 10.7 33.4 european 50 27 45 0.9 4 54 4 0.9 14 82 -0.2393 6 Khara Salvadora 10.00 12.94 10.0 32.9 Jal persica 50 29 42 0.84 0 58 6 0.84 00 46 -0.2303 7 Arandi Ricinus 9.28 27.9 communis 50 21 39 0.78 9.286 42 9.375 0.78 6 46 -0.2207 8 Kanke Maytenus ra emerginat 3.81 12.9 a 50 12 16 0.32 3.810 24 5.357 0.32 0 76 -0.1245 9 Vilayat Prosopis i juliflora 17.14 16.51 17.1 50.8 Babool 50 37 72 1.44 3 74 8 1.44 58 04 -0.3023

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2.1318 Buffer zone: Shrubs(3x3m)

In Gudamalani area it was noticed that Vilayati babool (IVI-50.804) were spreading more prominently while the Kair (IVI-44.405) and Jharberi (IVI-38.393) were also rich in number in this area which are showing that these heat and drought tolerant shrub species are most valuable species as per the socio-economic and fodder point of view.

Buffer zone:Herbs, Grasses and Climbers (1x1m)

Total no Total no Impo Total of of rtanc SWD No of quadrat individu Relat Relativ Relati e Index S. Specie Binomi quadr e in al of Dens ive Freque e Abund ve Valu H= - N s al name ate which species ity Dens ncy Freque ance Abun e ∑ Pi o name studie species in all ity ncy dance Inde ( lnPi) d occurre quadrat x d e (IVI) Khim Leptade p nia - 1 27 94 pyrotec 27.87 0.223 hnica 50 1.88 9.524 54 8.824 188 9.524 1 9 Neel Indigofe ra - 2 11 43 argente 12.30 0.136 a 50 0.86 4.357 22 3.595 86 4.357 8 5 Satya Argemo nasi ne - 3 9 21 europea 0.081 n 50 0.42 2.128 18 2.941 42 2.128 7.196 9 Bui Aerva - 4 persica 23 48 17.24 0.147 50 0.96 4.863 46 7.516 96 4.863 3 0 Xanthiu Adhas m - 5 33 63 hishi strumar 23.55 0.175 ium 50 1.26 6.383 66 10.784 126 6.383 0 6 Calotro - 6 Aak pis 39 102 10.33 10.33 33.41 0.234 procera 50 2.04 4 78 12.745 204 4 4 6 Sinia Crotola - 7 ria 16 81 21.64 0.205 burhia 50 1.62 8.207 32 5.229 162 8.207 2 2 Andhi Achyra - 8 jhara nthes 12 46 13.24 0.142 aspera 50 0.92 4.661 24 3.922 92 4.661 3 9 Gokh Tribulu aru s - 9 21 71 terrestr 21.25 0.189 is 50 1.42 7.194 42 6.863 142 7.194 0 3 Cuscuta - Amar 10 reflexa 14 56 15.92 0.162 bel 50 1.12 5.674 28 4.575 112 5.674 3 8 kali- Ichnoca 13.04 - 11 12 45 dudhi rpus 50 0.9 4.559 24 3.922 90 4.559 0 0.140 77 F//FREIA.201506 REVISED EIA/EMP REPORT FOR RIVER SAND MINING TEHSIL: GUDHAMALANI, BARMER (RAJ) 2015-16

frutesce 8 ns Aristolo Birth chia - 12 13 59 wort bracteat 16.20 0.168 a 50 1.18 5.978 26 4.248 118 5.978 4 4 Bharu Cenchr t us - 13 09 37 (Brow barbatu 20.37 0.164 n) s 50 1.14 5.775 54 8.824 114 5.775 4 7 Kans Sacchar um - 14 17 65 spontan 18.72 0.179 eum 50 1.3 6.586 34 5.556 130 6.586 7 1 Lapla Aristida - 15 depress 11 47 13.11 0.145 a, 50 0.94 4.762 22 3.595 94 4.762 9 0 Sewa Lasiuru - 16 n s 21 89 24.89 0.217 grass sindicus 50 1.78 9.017 42 6.863 178 9.017 7 0 2.714

8

IVI result shows that Aak(33.414), Khimp(27.871) , and sewan grasses(24.897) were present in ascending order. It is showing that all herbs are spreading sparsely in Gudamalani study site. Arid zone herbs are very useful in medicine.

Flora of the study area:

Kheemp (Leptadenia pyrotechnica) Irna (Clerodendron phlomoides)

Sinia (Crotolaria burhia) Israili Babool (Acacia tortalis)

Fauna of the study area:

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3.15.1 FAUNAL STUDY

i. Avifauna

Point count method was followed for counting the birds. Opportunistic surveys were also carried out with respect to avifaunal checklist. Identification by calls was also made for species which were not directly encountered or were hidden in the vegetation or canopy. Secondary data collected from the literature

ii. Herpetofauna Amphibians and reptiles recorded during area searches were identified by visual characteristics.

iii. Mammals Presence of mammals was documented by using both direct sightings and indirect evidences i.e. animal burrows/holes, scats, pellets, droppings and tracks. Opportunistic sightings were also included. Circular Plots were used to search indirect evidences. Only House Sparrow (Passer domesticus), Jungle crow (Corvus inacrorhynhcos) were observed during field study in the in the core area. Fauna of the buffer zone, consist of 10 KM radius from the periphery of the lease area are observed and listed as follow: Table No 3.18 List of Fauna in buffer zone Particular S.N Common Binomial Name Family Schedule s o Name IW(P)A / IUCN Avifauna 1 House Passer Passeridae IV sparrow domesticus 2 Common Pycnonotus Pycnonotidae IV Bulbul barbatus 3 Rock Pigeon Columba livia Columbidae IV

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4 House crow Corvus splendens Corvidae V 5 Peacock Pavo cristatus Phasianidae I 6 Rose-ringed Psittacula Psittacidae IV Parakeet krameri 7 Ashian Eudynamus Cuculideae IV Koyal scolopaceus 8 Gray Francolinus Phasianideae IV Partridge pondicerianus 9 Red Kite Milvus milvus Acipitrideae IV 10 Indian Owl Bubo bubo Stirgideae IV 1 Indian sand Eryx johnii Boidae IV Reptilian boa 2 Common Hemidactylus Gekkonidae LC House Gecko frenatus 3 Garden Calotes versicolor Agamidae LC Lizard 4 Yellow- Hemidactylus Agamidae LC Green House flaviviridis Gecko Mammals 1 Chinkara Gazella bennettii Bovidae I (Indian gazelle) 2 Blue Bull / Boselaphus Bovidae III Nilgai tragocamelus 3 Five Funambulus Sciuridae IV stripped pennantii palm squirrel 4 Common Rattus rattus Muridea V House rat 5 Indian Hare Lepus nigricollis Leporidae IV 6 Hedge hog Hemiechiinus Murideae IV collaris 7 Bat Piisstrellus Vespertilionida V pipistellus e

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Pictorial View if Schedule Species ( Peacock and Chinkara)

3.15.2 SCHEDULE SPECIES

The Faunal studies were conducted using tracking (Visual encounter survey) and scats method during the months of Oct-Dec 2013. Schedule I species (IWPA 1972) Indian Peafowl (Pavo cristatsus) and Chinkara (Gazella bennetti) was found in study area. Conservation plan for schedule I species with the consultation of forest department is prepared and given in chapter -9 of REIA Report in details

3.16 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

Socio-Economic Impact Assessment (SEIA) refers to systematic analysis of various social and economic characteristics of human being living in a given geographical area. The geographical area is often called Study Area or Impact Area. SEIA is carried out simultaneously with Environment Impact Assessment (EIA). The prime objective of SEIA is to identify and evaluate potential socio-economic and cultural impacts of a proposed development project on the lives and conditions of people, their families and their communities. If the potential impacts are significant and adverse, SEIA assist the developers and other stakeholders to reduce, remove or prevent these impacts from happening. The present study seeks to determine the severity of the socio-economic and cultural impacts. The specific objectives of the study are as follows: · To identify and assess socio-economic activities, which are significantly influenced by mining activities. · To examine local communities’ perceptions on how mining activities impact the socio- economic life of the people · To suggest interventions that can assist in mitigating the negative impacts of mining Socio-economic study is multidisciplinary, using theories and methods from Sociology, Economics, History, Psychology, Geography etc. As per Notification cited above Socio-economic impact assessment of the study area of a project is mandatory for all projects classified into 39 sectors. The study area consists of core area where the proposed project is expected to come up and a buffer area encircling the project area with a radius of ten kilometers from the center of the project site. The Socio-economic impact assessment focuses the effect of the project on social and economic well-being of the community. The above assessment is made through a socio-economic survey conducted by a team of experts that consist of a demographer, statistician, econometrician, social scientist, health expert and gender specialist. The outcome of the study relies on both quantitative and qualitative measure of impacts. The

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impacts are evaluated in terms of changes in community demographics, housing, employment & income, market effects, public services, retail business, quality of life and artistic qualities of the community. Qualitative assessment of community perceptions about development is an important measure of development impacts. Assessing proposed developments in socio-economic context help the community leaders and local people identify potential social equity issues, evaluate the adequacy of social services and determine whether the project has adverse effects on overall social well-being or not.

3.16.2 STEPS TAKEN TO PREPARE THE SEIA REPORT Various steps taken to prepare the SEIA report are indicated below:

Step 1: Desk research, which included review of State Profile, District Profile, Pre-feasibility Report, Maps etc. Step 2: Examined TOR to know the emphasis given by the EAC/SEAC for consideration during the preparation of EIA&EMP. Step3: Identified the study area and important landmarks therein. Step 4: Prepared List of villages and urban areas located in the study area and their distance and direction from the project site. Step5: Categorized villages and urban areas falling under core and buffer area. Step6: Visited project site to collect the facts through observations. Step7: Finalized approach and methodology. Step8: Finalized the Questionnaires / Schedules Step 9: Collected secondary data from Census Report, Report on Annual Health Survey, Report of NRHM, District profile, published literatures, administrative records etc. Step10:Conducted field survey for Collection of primary data from sample villages and households therein. Step11:Undertook Manual scrutiny of field in schedules (Each field-in- schedule was scrutinized as per the scrutiny program developed by GRC). The manual scrutiny aimed at removal of duplicate records, missing records, alien records and consistency checks. Step12:Undertook data entry and data validation. Step13:Generated final tables Step14:Analyzed data and prepared the report.

3.16.2.1 APPROACHES Research approach plays an important role to decide suitable methodology. It helps to develop effective research design. There are two types of approaches – Deductive and Inductive. Deductive approach is also known as top-down approach or water fall approach that starts from more general to more specific. The deductive reasoning links premises with conclusions. If all premises are true, then the conclusion reached will necessarily be true. Inductive Approach is contrary to deductive approach. It starts from specific observations to broader generalization and theories. It is also known as bottom top approach or climbs the hill approach. For the preparation of the present report Inductive approach was adopted. Under this approach data was first collected from primary and secondary sources. After scrutiny tables were generated in pre-designed formats. Subsequently, the report was prepared after detail analysis of data. 3.16.2.2 Hypothesis 82 F//FREIA.201506

The hypothesis of the research study was ‘Sand (Bajri) Mining activities have significant socio-economic impacts on livelihoods of local communities’ 3.16.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY The objectives of this socio-economic report consist of: § To conduct socio-economic assessment study in Project Area. § To know the current socio-economic situation in the region to cover the sub- sectors of education, health, sanitation, and water and food security. § To recommend practical strategic interventions in the sector. § To help in providing better living standards. § To provide employment opportunities. 3.16.4 SCOPE OF WORK § To study the Socio-economic Environment of area from the secondary sources. § Developing a questionnaire for SIA Survey. § Data Collection & Analysis. § Prediction of project impacts. § Mitigation Measures.

3.16.5 METHODOLOGY To identify socio-economic impact of river sand mining, a field survey was conducted. Experienced and qualified field staffs were engaged to collect field data through proper developed questionnaires. Proper orientation and training was giving to investigators for survey. The target groups were selected from villages of core and buffer area. Participatory and questionnaire survey method were adopted to collect data. Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) techniques are the two important tools of participatory method used in the field. Household level contacts and interviews have been undertaken with each family for completing the household socio-economic profile. For individual farmers and community members, qualitative interviews were used since this approach allows a more in-depth investigation into the each interviewee. It also allows people to speak for themselves without their answers being biased by predetermined hypothesis-based questions. The questionnaire was basically focused to gather respondents´ views from the study areas on the impacts of river sand mining.

3.16.6 EMPLOYMENT GENERATION The proposed river sand mining project will help in generating newer employment opportunity both directly and indirectly. The core and buffer area will be benefitted as the employment preference will be given to locals. As the education level of the local area is low, employment might help create livelihood to the people. The proposed project will bring in job opportunities both during operational phase. The man power requirement is based on quantity of production and transportation technology. Because heavy vehicle may not be possible to move in sandy area, hence more camel cart will be used to carry river sand. Therefore more people will get employment. The area is considered backward from employment point of view. But two urban areas namely Balotra and Jassol fall in the region have good number of tying and dying industries, hence a number of skilled and unskilled people are employed but as we go away from urban area the agriculture is only source of livelihood. The region being located in the arid region the agriculture base on rainfall only which uncertain. Hence the population in general does not have opportunities of earning from either agriculture or any other employment. In this situation the river sand mining will provide some employment to the local people.

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The indirect employment opportunity in the form of hiring trucks and Tractors skilled and unskilled labor will also be generated due to mining. Small shops and other business avenues will also be emerged. The study area is still lacking in education, health, housing, water, electricity etc. It is expected that same will improve to a great extent due to proposed mining project and associated industrial and business activities. It is therefore suggested that extraction of minerals should be taken up on regular basis during the post monsoon period. This will dredge the river bed on regular basis, regulate the course of the river and check flooding of the catchment area.

3.16.7 DEMOGRAPHIC STRUCTURE

Total population of the study area is 375659 persons out of which 196175 (52.22%) are male and 179484 (47.78%) are female. The lease area falls in 48 villages where 13.34 percent of total population lives. Representation of Scheduled Cast and Scheduled Tribe population is only 16.87% and 5.18% respectively. The Table 4.33 shows that out of total population 13.34% population lives in core area and rest of 86.66% population live in buffer zone. In general, the female population is less in all three categories i.e general, scheduled cast and scheduled tribe.

Table 3.19 Demographic Profile

Population Population SC Population ST S. Range No. No. of Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Village

Nr.Core 45 64342 33474 30868 11872 6163 5709 3201 1687 1514 Zone (12.60) (17.12)

Buffer 312 311317 162701 148616 46449 24290 22159 16258 8558 7700 Zone (87.39) (82.87)

375659 196175 179484 58321 19459 Total 357 30453 27868 10245 9214 (100%) (52.22%) (47.78%) (16.87%) (5.18%)

Source: Census Hand Book 2011

3.16.8 WORK FORCE River sand mining is labor oriented mining because it covers large area. Hence requires large population of man and women for excavation, loading, transportation and storage work. From employment point of view, labors are low paid worker. They prefer to be engaged in nearby area so as to save the travel cost and time. Therefore availability of worker in core area of mining is important. The Table 4.34 presents statistics of work force available in core as well as buffer zone. The total population in the region is 24428 persons out of which 51.78% are working and 48.22% are Non working population. In core area the 84 F//FREIA.201506

total population is 1068 (4.38%) persons out of which working population is only 640 (2.37%).The male and female population is 324 (1.33%) and 316 (1.29%) respectively. Among the worker there are two category i.e. main worker and marginal worker. Main worker are those who work for the major part of the year i.e. 183 days or more and marginal worker is one who work for less than 6 months in a year. Other category is of non worker, those who are either under the age of 15 years or more than 64 years. This class is not fit for any work. Hence availability of work force in the core zone is very less. One has to bring the worker far from the work place.

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Table3.20 Work Force Available

Working & Non Working Working Population Main Working Marginal Working Non Working S. Total Total Zone No Village Popul. Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Nr.Cor 64342 1 45 29504 16609 12898 19884 13235 6649 9620 3374 6246 34838 e Zone (13.34) Buffer 311317 1782 2 312 150948 82654 68294 98238 64834 33404 52710 34890 160369 Zone (86.66) 0 2119 99263 78069 62330 375659 180452 81192 118122 40053 4 41136 195207 Total 357 (55.00 (66.00 (34.54 (100) (48.04) (44.00) (65.46) (34.00) (34.0 (66.00) (51.96) ) ) ) 0)

Table 3.21 Occupational Structure

Main Main Margin Marginal Working Main Househo Main Marginal S. Total Total Agricult al Agricultur Zone Populati Cultiv ld Other Household No. Village Population ure Cultiva e on ator Industri Working Industries Labour tor Labour es Nr.Core 45 64342 1 29504 13612 1329 363 4580 5720 2133 217 Zone (12.60) (17.13) Buffer 312 311317 2 150948 72783 5147 1714 18594 34321 6786 1849 Zone (87.39) (82.87) 86395 180452 6476 2077 23174 40041 8919 2066 Total 357 375659 (47.37 (48.03) (3.59) (1.15) (12.84) (22.19) (4.95) (1.14) )

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3.16.9 OCCUPATIONAL STRUCTURE

Occupational structure of an area shows the nature and status of employment activities in the area. Out of the total population about 50 % population is working which is further grouped in eight fold classification as shown in Table 35. Out of total working population, only 2.31 percent of population lives in core area. Main occupation of people in this area is agriculture. Out of total working population 40.45% are cultivators, 31.16% are marginal cultivators and 3.35% are engaged as agriculture labor. Villages covered under core area have also been dominated by agricultural activities. If we look at the table No. 4.33 it reveals that out of total 744 working population in the core area 221 people are engaged in cultivation followed by 270 people as marginal cultivators. Second main occupation is household industries, but only 266 which is only 1.65% people are engaged in this occupation.35 people are engaged in Out of 2.64% of working population 1.43% is main cultivators and 0.90% is marginal cultivators and agricultural labors. Rests 0.31% are engaged in other work.

3.16.10 LITERACY

Literacy in any region is key for socio-economic progress and the Indian literacy rate grew to 74.04% in 2011 from 12% at the end of British rule in 1947. Although this was a greater than six fold improvement, the level is well below the world average literacy rate of 84% and of all nations, India currently has the largest illiterate population. Table 3.22 Literacy Population Literates Illiterates S.No Zone Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Nr. 64342 1 Core 33474 30868 30404 19986 10418 33938 13488 20450 (17.13) Zone Buffer 311317 2 162701 148616 142062 92707 49355 169255 69994 99261 Zone (82.87)

375659 196175 179484 172466 112693 59773 203193 83482 119711 Total (100) (52.22) (47.78) (45.91) (65.34) (34.66) (54.09) (41.08) (58.92)

· Values are reported in paranthasis are % The table shows out of total population only 15172 (52.82%) are literates and 16742 (52.07%) are illiterates. If we look at male-female ratio, there is a wide gender disparity. Out of total literate population there are 65.97% male literates while female literates are 34.03% only in the region. The percentage of illiterates is 52.07. Among illiterates

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there are 40.70% male and 59.03% females to total illiterates. This analysis shows that literacy in the region is low. Hence the potential availability of unskilled labor is more in this region.

3.16.11 INFRASTRUCTURE FACILITIES

Infrastructure is basic physical and organizational structures needed for the operation of a society or enterprise, or the services and facilities necessary for an economy to function. It can be generally defined as the set of interconnected structural elements that provide framework supporting an entire structure of development. It is an important term for judging a country or region's development. The term typically refers to the technical structures that support a society, such educational institutions, medical facilities banking facilities, telecommunications and so forth, and can be defined as "the physical components of interrelated systems providing commodities and services essential to enable, sustain, or enhance societal living conditions. Table 3.23 Education Facilities Adult Total Primary Middle Secondary Sr.Secondary S.No Zone Literacy Village School School School School Class Nr. 1 Core 45 51 22 5 2 5 Zone Buffer 2 312 307 69 15 1 24 Zone Total 357 358 91 20 3 29

3.16.12 EDUCATION FACILITIES Education is important as it gives knowledge about happenings around us. It develops a perspective of looking at life in us and helps us build opinions as well as have points of view on things in life. It equips us with everything that is required to make our life sensible.The below table shows the educational facilities available in the villages of core area as well as buffer area of river sand mine. Among In both of core villages one village has primary school and one village has middle school. There is no higher level educational institution with a radius of two kms. But in buffer which cover radius of ten km has educational facility up to secondary school but it is also in only one village. Hence, out of 42 villages in the vicinity of mine area there is only one secondary school and six middle schools. But out of 45 villages 32 villages have primary schools.

3.16.13 MEDICAL FACILITIES Secondary data reveals that the area is lacking in medical facilities as no village in the

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core area has medical facility. Out of 42 villages only 4 villages have the medical facilities. There are 2 Primary health sub centres, 2 Ayurvedic dispensaries and only one Primary health centre in the region. The above table shows that 90 percent of the villages do not have institutional health facilities of any type even after the introduction of Centrally Sponsored NRHM Program in the state. Table 3.24 Medical Facilities Primary Child Primary S Total Medical Health Health Allopathic Ayurvedic Zone Welfare Health No. Village Facilities Centre Sub Dispensary Dispensary Centre Centre Centre Nr.Core 1 45 20 2 7 4 11 0 0 Zone Buffer 2 312 65 0 7 6 47 0 0 Zone Total 357 85 2 14 10 58 0 0

The field investigation has revealed that for petty health problem most of the villagers visit nearby dispensaries or hospitals located in the study area. However, during emergency and long treatment they rush to district or sub-district hospitals or the hospitals located at nearby town. Field survey has revealed that the health care institutions located in the villages are not fully equipped with man power, medicines, equipment and ambulances. Table 3.25 Drinking Water Facilities S. Total SurfaceWat Tank Tube Well Hand Zone No. Village er Water Water Pump Nr.Core 1 45 No No YES YES Zone 2 Buffer Zone 312 No No Yes YES

3.16.14 IMPACT ON HUMAN SETTLEMENT As the area of operation is in river bed only, hence no habitants in the core zone. Hence, no adverse impact is anticipated to human settlement.

CONCLUSION The implementation of the Sand (Bajri) Mining project will generate both direct and indirect employment for the local jobseekers. Besides, it will provide a check on existing system of mining operation. Since the quarries have been allotted on lease basis, mining operation will be legally valid and it will bring income to the state exchequer. It is expected that intending entrepreneurs will venture to set up micro and small scale units in the near future making the area a mixed society, dependent on industry, trade and business. At present agriculture is the main occupation of the people population depends

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on it. With the implementation of the proposed mining project the occupational pattern of the people in the area will change making more people engaged in industrial and business activities rather in agriculture. Thus there will be a gradual shifting of population from agriculture to mining and industry. The study area is still lacking in education, health, housing, drinking water etc. It is expected that same will improve to a great extent due to proposed mining project and associated industrial and business activities. 3.17 LAND ENVIRONMENT 3.17.1 LAND USE OF LEASE AREA The lease area of 5151.6828 Ha has flat topography with minimum (36 MSL) & maximum (92MSL) elevation of the leasehold area. No forest land is involved in the core zone. The study area of 10-km around the lease area is considered in the land use pattern study. For computation of the land use pattern in the study area ERDAS IMAGINE-9.2, Arc GIS and AUTO CADD software are used. The geographical area of all settlements covered within the study area is considered. In general the term land use refers to the human activities associated with specific piece of land and land cover relates to feature present on the surface of the earth. The data on land use has been collected from two sources. (i) Census data (ii) Satellite remote sensing. Below table present data collected from census hand book. The objectives of land use studies are: · To develop land use & land cover map using land coordinates of the project area. · To identify and mark important basic features according primary and secondary data. · To suggest measures for conservation and sustainable use of land. 3.17.2 METHODOLOGY § Preliminary/ Primary Data Collection of the Study Area § Satellite data procurement from NRSC Hyderabad § Secondary Data Collection From Authorized Bodies § Survey of India Toposheet (SOI) 40O/11, 40O/12, 40O/13, 40O/14, 40O/15, 40O/16, 45C/1, 45C/2, 45C/3. § Cadastral / Khasra Map § GPS Coordinates of Mining Lease area § Processing of satellite data using ERDAS Imagine 9.2 and prepare the land use &land cover maps (e.g. Forest, agriculture, settlements, wasteland, water bodies etc.) by digital image processing (dip) techniques. § Geo-Referencing of the Survey of India Toposheet § Geo-Referencing of Satellite Imagery with the help of Geo-Referenced Toposheets § Enhancement of the Satellite Imagery § Base Map Layer Creation (Roads, Railway, Village Names and others Secondary data etc.) § Data Analysis and Classification using Digital Interpretation Techniques. § Ground Truth Studies or Field Verification. § Error Fixing / Reclassification

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§ Final Map Generation 3.17.3 LAND-USE PATTERN The total reported area as per village record is 247915.94Ha is belong to different category as follows:

Table 3.26: LAND USE PATTERN OF THE STUDY AREA S. No. Class Area in Ha. (Area)% 1 Road 403.33 0.16 2 Water Body 7201.9828 3.830 3 Plantation 185.01 0.07 4 Open Scrub Land 7777.38 3.14 5 Settlements 1593.45 0.64 6 Rocky Area 173.49 0.07 7 Saline Area 674.58 0.27 9 Sand dunes Area 39813.93 16.06 10 Jungle/ Un-Classified 821.82 0.47 Forest Area 12 Agriculture Fallow Land 186725.9 75.32 Total 247915.94 100 Figure 3.14 : Land use Map of study area

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3.18 CONCLUSION Barmer district in which the mine lease falls is an agriculturally based district. The agriculture activities fully dependent on monsoon.However, recently canal water also reaches up to some extends. All the basic facilities like road and rail network, medical facilities, post & telegraph, market, drinking water facilities and education facilities

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are available. This mining would be boon for the district as it will not only result in employment opportunity but also infrastructure development and overall growth of the area.

======*******======CHAPTER – IV ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 4.1 INTRODUCTION Any human activity in any environment produces impact, modifying it to a status which is considered adverse or beneficial according to the damage or improvement it brings about in physical, chemical and biological status of air, water, land including biota and in socio-cultural life styles and economy of the populace it affects. Depending on the nature of activities and existing status, the impacts are assessed for their importance. On the basis of the impact analysis,

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the mitigating action and future monitoring requirement are focused in the Environmental Management Plan for counting or minimizing adverse impacts. Effects of this mining project on each of the environmental parameters are detailed below in accordance with the parameter of environment likely to be affected. - Climate - Air environment - Land environment - Ecology - Water environment - Noise levels - Soil - Socio-economic environment - Cultural and Heritage environment Generally, the environmental impacts can be categorized as either primary or secondary. Primary impacts are those which can be attributed directly to the project. On the indirect or induced and typically include the associated investments and change patterns of social and economic by the proposed actions. 4.2 TOPOGRAPHY & DRAINAGE 4.2.1 Topography The proposed area is a river bed which is gentle sloping. The elevation in the area varies from 92 mRL to 36 mRL. The surrounding area is devoid of any thick vegetation except for patched agricultural lands. The Luni River flows from east direction to south west side. River is non Perennial River and it turns only in rainy season and almost dry in summer.

4.2.2 Drainage General topography has the slopes towards the river both on East and West side. Area is generally flat in nature . River flows from East to South west side towards Gudha malani and sindhari. Highest elevation of the lease area is 92 mRL and lowest is 36 mRL at the end of lease area. Mitigation Measures · The mine working will be confined to river bed only and in no case disturbing any surface area outside which may affect topography or drainage.

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· Proposed Mining blocks for removal of sand will change the topography of river bed on temporary basis, which will be temporary and in monsoon itself will be restored to original position. · Mining will be done in a planned way i.e. removal and collection of minerals/working shall be started from the center part and then laterally in 3 meter thickness, so that the river course will not get affected. · Unwanted material including mineral or spillage (if any) will not be stacked on the bank side as it will hinder the flow of water in monsoon season. · The removal and collection of sand from river bed will not have any impact on natural drainage of surrounding area as the removed Bajri from river bed is filled with flow in river during monsoon season.

4.3 IMPACTS ON CLIMATE 4.3.1 Temperature The temperature pattern is a regional behavior and is not likely to be affected by the river bed mining activity over a small area. Some local effect may be perceived due to mining, afforestation and creation of voids in the applied lease area. 4.3.2 Rainfall The trend of rainfall, as studied and discussed in last chapter, forms part of a regional pattern, not dependent on the relatively small area of river bed mining activity. The mining operation, therefore, is not likely to have any adverse impact on rainfall pattern. 4.3.3 Wind Speed The wind speed in any area is dependent upon local topography and generation of elevation and depression of pressure changes in the region. The controlling factors for the pressure changes lie much beyond the control of small area under mining operations. Thus, no adverse impact on the regional wind speed is anticipated due to the mining operations. However, some local ground level changes may take place due to the buildings, green belt developed around the mine, etc. 4.3.4 Humidity The pattern of relative humidity depends mainly on the rainfall, wind, temperature and other weather phenomenon that regional in behavior. The mining operation is not likely to have any impact on the relative humidity in the surrounding. 4.4 IMPACT ON AIR ENVIRONMENT

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4.4.1 Impact through Mathematical Modeling for Sand Mining Project As explained in the previous chapter, the ambient air quality monitoring results

show that all the parameters such as PM10, SO2, and NOx are within the limits prescribed by CPCB for “Industrial and Mixed use” areas as well as areas meant for “Residential and Rural” areas. The major contribution of air pollution is by river bed mining, such as excavation, loading, transportation, and handling of San. This will lead to momentary rise in the

particulate matter (PM10). The dust liberated in mining and other related operations is injurious to heath if inhaled in sufficient quantity. 4.4.2 Air Quality Modeling In order to predict the Particulate emissions, AERMOD 8.2 View Model was used to predict changes in air quality i.e. maximum Ground Level Concentration (GLC’s) of particulate matter, due to the various sand mining activities of the proposed project. The model uses the steady state Gaussian plume equation for continuous source. For convenience, 10000 m X 10000 m square block by keeping project centre coordinates as (0.000, 0.000) has been selected for modeling so as to include all the air quality baseline monitoring stations in the block. The GLC’s were predicted for Environment Management Plan with 90% of pollution control for peak production capacity .The inputs required for the model is: § Hourly meteorological data § Source data § Receptor data § Emission rate § Terrain data

4.4.3 Pollutants / Model Options Considered for Computations

The model simulations deal with major Pollution Particulate Matter (PM10) and

gaseous emissions viz. SO2 & NO2. 4.4.4 Meteorological Data Data recorded by continuous weather monitoring station on wind speed, direction, and temperature at one hour interval for the monitoring period was used as meteorological input. 4.4.5 Presentation of Result In the present case model simulations have been carried using the hourly triple joint frequency data. Short – term simulations were carried to estimate concentration at the

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receptors to obtain an optimum description of variations in concentrations over the site in 10-km radius covering 16 directions. The incremental concentration is estimated for the monitoring period. For each time scale, i.e. for 24 hr. the model computes the highest concentration observed during the period over all the measurement points. Emission Characteristics for Mining Operations Dust emission rate from the Mining area, based on the following empirical formula. a) Dust emission due to excavation: Pa x 23.6 Dust emission (DE) = ------Wd x Wh x 1000 DE = Dust emission in kg/hr Pa = Annual Excavation in Tonnes Wd = No. of days of operation in a year Wh = Effective working hrs in a day 23.6 Quantity of dust emitted in kg/for 1000 tonnes of excavation Dust emission rate= 5040000 x23.6)/ 300x8x1000) = 49.56 kg/hr The above mentioned emission rate is without adoption of dust control measures. The literature suggests that dust control measures reduce the emissions and effective emission rate is one third of the computed emission. Accordingly emission rate to be in the modeling is (49.56 /3) i.e. 16.52 kg/hr. Mine Dimensions The mine dimensions are as follows: Area = 5151.6828 hectare Meteorological Data On site hourly meteorological data for Post Monsoon Season (October- December 2013) in respect of wind speed, wind direction, temperature and cloud amount are utilized in this study. The data was put in model format. The mixing heights have been extracted from CPCB publications. Modeling Procedure Methodology: Prediction of ground level concentrations (glc’s) due to mining have been made by Industrial Source Complex, Short Term (ISCST3) as per CPCB guidelines. ISCST3 is US-EPA approved model to predict the air quality. The model uses

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rural dispersion and regulatory defaults options as per guidelines on air quality models (PROBES/70/1997-1998). The model assumes receptors on undulating and hilly. This model is capable of handling point, area, and line sources simultaneously. Meteorological inputs required are hourly wind speed and direction Ambient temperature, stability class, mixing height and wind exponents. The model details follow. Gaussian Plume Model Ground Level Concentration c, from a point source at any receptor under unlimited mixing is given by (USEPA ISCST3, 1987).

Qg1g2

c = (2 psys zu) where, g1 = exp(-y2/2sy2) g2 = exp[-(z-H)2/2sz2] + exp[-(z+H)2/2sz2] In unstable or neutral conditions if sz > 1.6 L (limited mixing) the distribution below the mixing height is uniform with height provided that both the effective height H, and the receptor height z are below the mixing height

Qg1 c = (syLu 2p ) In unstable case or neutral conditions when sz < 1.6 L

Qg1 c = ps s Where, (2 y zu) Q = source strength Z = receptor height above the ground u = wind speed L = mixing height and sy &sz = dispersion parameters g3 = Sexp[-(z-H+2NL)2/2sz2] + exp[-(z+H+2NL)2/2sz2] Evaluation with N the number of reflections, varying from –4 to +4 is usually sufficient Stability Classification Hourly stability is determined by wind direction fluctuation method as suggested by Slade (1965) and recommended by CPCB (PROBES/70/1997-1998). sq = Wdr/6 sq, is standard deviation of wind direction fluctuation, Wdr is the overall wind direction fluctuation or width of the wind direction in degrees. The table for stability classes is given as under.

Stability Class sq (degree) A > 22.5

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B 22.4 – 17.5 C 17.4 – 12.5 D 12.4 – 7.5 E 7.4 – 3.5 F < 3.5

Dispersion Parameters

Dispersion parameters sy and sz for open country conditions (Briggs, 1974) are used as

the project is located on a flat terrain in a rural area. Atmospheric dispersion coefficients vary with downwind distance (x) from emission sources for different atmospheric stability conditions. (CPCB – PROBES/70/1997-98).

Rural Conditions

Stability Class sy sz

A 0.22x(1+0.0001x)-.5 0.20x B 0.16x(1+0.0001x)-.5 0.12x C 0.11x(1+0.0001x)-.5 0.08x(1+0.0002x).5 D 0.08x(1+0.0001x)-.5 0.06(1+0.0015x).5 E 0.06x(1+0.0001x)-.5 0.03x(1+0.0003x)-1 F 0.04x(1+0.0001x)-.5 0.16x(1+0.0003x)-1

Ambient Air Quality Standards and Background Concentrations Ambient Air Quality Standards Ambient air quality standards promulgated by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) for all type of land uses for the relevant air quality parameters are as follows:

3 The above standards are for PM10 is 100, SO2 and NO2 is 80 mg/M , Sampling period of 24 hours.

4.5 PLAN AND FRAME WORK OF COMPUTATIONS 4.5.1 SELECTION OF LOCATIONS

The locations have been selected around the project area covering an area of 10 km radius from the centre of applied lease area. The entire area has been put on grid network and grid spacing has been taken as 500 m.

4.5.2 PLAN OF COMPUTATION

The emission rate, dispersion coefficients and other input data being now available; it was planned to compute the following: Ø The 24 hourly averaged incremental concentration with hourly data. Ø The identification of grid point having peak concentration for the incremental values.

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- Preparation of isopleths of for various pollutants.

4.5.3 PREDICTED AMBIENT AIR QUALITY

In order to predict the Particulate emissions, AERMOD 8.2 View Model was used to predict changes in air quality i.e. maximum Ground Level Concentration (GLC’s) of particulate matter, due to the various sand mining activities of the proposed project. The model uses the steady state Gaussian plume equation for continuous source. For convenience, 10000 m X 10000 m square block by keeping project centre coordinates as (0.000, 0.000) has been selected for modeling so as to include all the air quality baseline monitoring stations in the block. The GLC’s were predicted for Environment Management Plan with 90% of pollution control for peak production capacity .The inputs required for the model is: § Hourly meteorological data § Source data § Receptor data § Emission rate § Terrain data

4.5.3.1Model Options Used For Computations The options used for short-term computations are: § Buoyancy Induced Dispersion is used to describe the increase in plume dispersion during the ascension phase; § Calms processing routine is used by default; § Flat terrain is used for computations; § It is assumed that the pollutants do not undergo any physico-chemical transformation and that there is no pollutant removal by dry deposition; § Washout by rain is not considered; § Cartesian co-ordinate system has been used for computations; and § The model computations have been done for 10 km with 500-m interval.

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Fig No.4.1(a) Isopleths of predicted GLC’s of PM10

Fig No.4.1 (b) Isopleths of predicted GLC’s of NO2

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Fig No.4.1 (c) Isopleths of predicted GLC’s of SO2

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Fig No.4.1(d) Isopleths of predicted GLC’s of CO

4.5.3.2 Results and Conclusion

The ground level concentrations are computed for 24-hrs average. The maximum

ground level concentrations of PM10,SO2 & NO2 from the different mining activities for study period with EMP are given in Table No 4.1.The cumulative concentration (baseline + incremental) after implementation of the project are tabulated below in Table: 4.1. The maximum GLCs after implementation of the project are likely to be within the prescribed NAAQ standards.

TABLE: 4.1 Cumulative Max. Concentration of Pollutants

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Max. Base line Predicted Cumulative max. Prescribed conc.(µg/m3 ) incremental Max. conc. µg/m3 Standards Sampling conc. µg/m3 in Day Time Location in µg/m3

0 0 0 0

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 PM1 SO NO PM1 SO NO PM1 SO NO PM1 SO NO Maliyo Ki 72.58 16.83 25.68 2.84 0.45 1.51 75.42 17.28 27.19 10 80 80 Dhani 0 Tunkiya 72.59 16.59 25.46 7.87 1.97 3.93 80.46 18.56 29.39 Amarpura 72.59 16.59 25.69 7.84 1.96 3.91 80.43 18.55 29.6 Mangala Ki 72.59 16.79 25.46 7.79 1.95 3.90 80.38 18.74 29.36 Dhani Gudhamalani 72.55 16.56 25.68 3.96 0.99 1.96 73.54 17.55 27.64 Kharal 72.89 16.59 25.89 0.09 0.02 0.04 72.98 16.61 25.93 Madara 72.58 16.59 25.47 3.87 0.94 1.97 76.45 17.57 27.44 Rampura 72.54 16.54 25.34 2.90 0.82 1.56 75.44 17.36 26.9 Nausar 65.23 15.91 26.65 4.11 1.02 2.70 69.34 16.93 29.35 Sindhari 68.08 17.34 26.74 7.67 1.97 2.88 75.75 19.31 29.62

Lohira 65.75 15.81 15.42 6.69 1.78 2.56 72.44 17.59 17.98 Khara 65.72 15.76 25.67 6.53 1.73 2.51 72.25 17.49 28.18 Mochecha Motisara 65.67 15.55 25.46 6.46 1.68 2.44 72.13 17.23 27.9 Panyala Khurd 68.51 17.62 27.39 7.65 1.95 3.90 76.16 19.57 29.34 Sara 62.91 13.91 23.29 7.56 1.92 3.89 70.47 15.83 27.28 Chhajala 68.49 17.94 27.54 3.91 0.76 3.91 72.4 18.7 31.45 Bhatala 68.08 17.34 26.74 7.45 1.96 3.90 75.53 19.3 30.64 Goliya Kalan 63.76 17.92 27.58 7.39 1.80 3.89 71.15 19.72 31.47

From the results of AERMOD 8.2 models, it is concluded that the maximum

cumulative concentrations of PM10 both due to mining activities and transportation are

expected to be within the prescribed standards for PM10 (80.46 ug/m3 at Village Tunkiya near Core Zone area). The contours near the mine pits in the Luni River near village Tunkiya ranges from 7.87 to 7.65 µg/m3 spread up to a distance of 200-300 m from the mining pit. All the approach roads and main roads to be used for the transportation activity from all the mining pits have been used to predict impact due to

vehicular activity. The maximum impact locations for PM10, SO2 and NO2 incremental concentrations due to mining and road transportation as per the Isopleths are Tunkiya, Amarpura, Mangala Ki Dhani, Panyala Khurd, Sara. Apart from these locations, incremental

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With a wide fluctuation in meteorological parameters it is a complex task to predict post project ambient air quality. The cumulative concentration (baseline + incremental) after implementation of the project are tabulated below in table- 4.1. The maximum GLCs after implementation of the project are likely to be within the prescribed NAAQ standards.

4.6.Mitigation Measures

· To control the emissions regular preventive maintenance of transportation vehicle will be carried out on contractual basis. · Proper mitigation measures like water sprinkling will be adopted to control dust emissions. · Plantation will be carried out on approach roads & nearby vicinity of river bank. · It is being ensured that all transportation vehicles will carry a valid PUC certificate. · There is no toxic element present in the mineral which may contaminate the soil. · Water sprinkling will be done on the roads regularly. This will reduce dust emission further by 75%. · Overloading will be kept under check by giving prior awareness. · Proper Tuning of vehicles to keep the gas emissions under control · All the haul roads will be kept leveled, wide and compacted. · Regular water spraying will be done on haul roads in the applied mining area. · In order to reduce dust pollution, green belt will be developed.

4.7 IMPACT ON NOISE LEVEL The exposures to excessive noise levels can lead to: · Prevention of sleep, insomnia and fatigue. · Decrease in speech reception, communication, distraction and diminished concentration thus adversely affecting job performance efficiency. · Chronic psychological disturbance including impaired hearing. · Irreparable cardiovascular, respiratory and neuralgic damages in certain extreme cases. The area is general represents calm surroundings. There is no heavy traffic, industries or noisy habitation in the applied area. With the increase in scale of

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mining operations, vehicles operation and men, noise levels are expected to be increased. Table 4.2 Impacts due to Various Activities on Noise Environment S. No Activity Environmental Impacts 1 Sand Excavation Slight increase in noise levels 2 Sand Loading Slight increase in noise levels 3 Sand Transportation Slight increase in noise levels

4.8 NOISE QUALITY MODELING Noise is almost one of the harmful agents for citizenships; therefore many countries have introduced noise emission limits for vehicles and issued other legislations to reduce road traffic noise. The recognition of road traffic noise as one of the main sources of environmental pollution has led to design models that enable us to predict traffic noise level. Several models have been developed via a regression analysis of experimental data, from fundamental variables such as traffic flow, speed of vehicles and sound emission level. Traffic noise prediction models are required as aids in design of roads and sometimes in assessment of existing, or envisaged changes in traffic noise conditions. Traffic noise prediction models are commonly needed to predict sound pressure levels.

4.8.1 METHODOLOGY The basis of the model is the liner sound propagation equation, which is used to model simple point source emission from vehicles, industries aircrafts, etc. Emission source categorized into two basic types of sources: 1. Point source and 2. Line Source To understand the combined effect of these noise levels on the nearby community, Custic 3.2 noise pollution modeling software(Canarina – USEPA approved) scientific model has been used to estimate the noise levels at different distances from the proposed sand mining project. Pollution due to vehicular traffic is the main source of line source emissions during mining activities. Impact due to Transportation activity as a line source is considered in this model. .The model estimates the noise level for each source and receptor combination and calculates user- selected averages.

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In this project we consider a minimum 112 vehicles per hour with a 50 km/h minimum velocity (100 km is the max. velocity). Then we have a 68 db (A) noise level at 10m from a lineal road (infinity length). The noise level will be: Leq= 68 dB (A) + 30 Log (v/48) + 10 log (N/6)-10 Log (r/10)

Calculation Parameter Line source Number of points source = 112 X-axis width= 5000 m Y-axis width= 2811.12737920937 m X coordinate in the left bottom corner= 0 m Y coordinate in the left bottom corner= 0 m Number of calculation points in the x-axis X= 80 Table 4.3 Calculation Parameter Source number Solid angle Noise level at 10m 1 2 48 dB(A) 2 2 48 dB(A) 3 2 48 dB(A) 4 2 48 dB(A) 5 2 48 dB(A) 6 2 48 dB(A)

Relative humidity= 60 % Attenuation coefficient= 0.96 dB (A)/100m Air temperature T= 31 oC Relative humidity= 60 % Maximum point= 19.10 dB (A) X maximum point= 2061.49 m Y maximum point= 976.33 m Results Table 4.4 Predicated Noise Level Zone Location Distance Max. Predicte Resulta CPCB Existing (km) d nt Max Standard, Leq (day) Leq (day)

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Villages Tunkiya 47.1 19.10 66.2 75 of Core 0.3 Area Buffer Madara 48.2 12.74 60.94 75 6.0 Area

4.8.2 Mitigation Measures I. ON-SITE Ø Maintenance of Machinery: Regular maintenance of machinery will keep the generated noise level at minimum. All machines will be as per stipulated standards and will be used at their optimum capacity. Ø Trained Operators: Only trained operators will be allowed to operate machines. Ø Vegetation: Plantation of trees along the bank will be done to dampen the noise. Ø Hearing Protection: Ear-muffs, ear-plugs, etc. are commonly used devices for hearing protection (if applicable). F//REIA.201506 108

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II. OFF-SITE The off-site sources are not significantly affect/no impact the noise levels as their distance increases from the site.

III.NOISE ABATEMENT AND CONTROL The following control measures will be adopted to keep the ambient noise levels well below the limits: Ø In order to reduce the effect of noise pollution, ear plugs /earmuffs will be provided to all employees. Ø Selections of machinery have been done which generate less noise. Ø Noise generated by the transportation vehicles shall be intermittent and does not cause much adverse impact. Ø Periodical noise level monitoring will be carried out. Ø No other equipment’s except the transportation vehicles (tractor trolley) will be allowed. Ø Plantation will be taken up along the approach roads and vicinity of river bank. The plantation minimizes propagation of noise and also arrests dust. Ø Prepare haulage road with slope ratio of 1:10. Ø Day time mining Ø Load one by one truck. Ø 4.9 IMPACT ON HYDROLOGICAL CONDITIONS The applied lease area itself being part of Luni river & their connected flow nallah. The flow of surface/ground water (sub surface flow) is following the trend of topography, which is in the North to South direction. The proposed working area remains dry for more than nine months in a year except for the rainy season. The mining of Sand will be done up to a depth of 3mt, which will have insignificant impact on water regime.

The ground water table in the applied area is about 60 to 65 m meters below the surface of river bed. It will not be disturbed as ultimate working depth will be 3.0 m from the surface level. Thus the mine operation will not affect the hydrological conditions of the area. Every year during the monsoon season, the rain water would replenish the removed material, thus it will be positive impact on the ground water scenario in the subsequent mining period. 4.10 IMPACT ON WATER QUALITY The proposed project is for removal of bajari from the river bed up to a depth of 3 mtrs only, which will not have any impact on the water quality. Mitigation Measures

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Removal of sand in the area will be done well above the water table as well as river bed water level therefore; no impact on water regime is anticipated. The water table is at 60-65 m below the river bed level while the workings in the area are proposed up to a max. depth of 3 m. So that water level is not touched. No waste water will be generated from the proposed activity, as the project only involves removal/collection of Bajri from river bed. 4.11 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 4.11.1 Impact on Flora Since there will be no felling of trees or deforestation, there will be no adverse impact on flora of the study area. The mining activity shall not lead any impact on the flora of the study area. There are no national parks, sanctuaries, notified biosphere reserve, Tiger/Elephant corridors, Birds migratory routes, etc. within the study area. The dust is the only major pollutant which will be generated from different activities of river sand mining. Following mitigation measures shall be adopted. · Green Belt will be properly designed in consultation with the forest department. · Fast growing native plant species, medicinal value plant species, dust tolerant and sound receptor plant species and fruit species to enhance the food availability for wildlife and those which would maintain the regional ecological balance and soil conditions shall be favored. 4.11.2 Impact on Fauna The fauna will be affected only by the machinery & vehicles used in the mining operation in and form human interference. As such, there will be temporary and insignificant effect on fauna around the core and buffer area. Scheduled fauna i.e. Indian Peafowl, and Chinkara are observed within study area. Conservation plan has been prepared, described in details in Chapter 9 of this report and following mitigation measures shall be proposed: Ø Greenery developed around mining lease area helps in creating habitats for local faunal species and to create better environment for various fauna. Ø Creating and developing awareness for nature and wildlife in the adjoining villages. 4.11.3 Impact on Planktons

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The dry river bed mining in river which flow during rainy period only, in which period the mining activity are not envisage, apparently there will be no impact on planktons as there will be no water available in dry river bed condition. 4.12 IMPACT ON LAND ENVIRONMENT 4.12.1 Land Use in Core & Buffer Zone No adverse impact is anticipated on land use of Core & Buffer zone due to the proposed mining operations, as all the related activities are confined to the existing river bed and surrounding nallhs for five year only. After five year the land used of the lease area remain same as before operation. The present land use, land use after 5 years working land use of the applied lease area is given in below table.

Table 4.5: Land Used Pattern of lease Area Present At the end of At the end of 5th S. Particulars Land use 3rd year year No. (ha) (ha) (ha) 1 Mine area 500 854 1090 2 Dumps area 0.0 - - Safety 3 Roads 9.7386 266.9353 266.9353 Zone Infrastucture (office, 4 - - - temp, shelter etc.) 5 Mineral Storage - - - 6 Plantation - - - 7 Un worked 4641.9442 4030.7475 3794.7474 Total 5051.6828 5051.6828 5051.6828

4.12.2 Impact on land use pattern including change of river course If the mining is not carried out in a systematic manner by leaving sufficient safety barriers from bank then it may disturb the river flow/course. · Stacking of unwanted material including mineral or spillage (if any) on the bank side of the river will hinder the flow of water in monsoon season, raise water level upstream, which may lead to bank cutting or flouting. · Deviation from planned mining procedures can lead to river channel shifting as well as degradation of surrounding land, causing loss of properties and degradation of landscape.

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· Removal/collection of sand within a river bed may have some impact on the stream’s physical characteristics, such as channel geometry, bed elevation in stream roughness of the bed, flow velocity, discharge capacity, sediment transportation capacity etc. Alteration or modification of the above attributes may cause noticeable hazardous impact on ecological equilibrium of riverine regime. 4.12.3 Mitigation Measures · Removal/collection of sand will be done from central part of river bed and sufficient safety barrier say 10% of width will be left towards bank side. So that the river flow/course will not get disturbed. · Removal/collection of sand will be started from dip side towards rise at the center and also laterally in 3 meter slice so that the river course will not get affected. Unwanted material or spillage (if any) will not be stacked by the side of the excavation voids created. This is to be done so, because it will otherwise hinder the flow of water in monsoon season. · Removal/collection of sand will be done by leaving safety barrier on both sides and maximum barrier should be on concave side of river preferably the flow channel (excavation void created) should be kept straight so as to help avoid erosion as side cutting. 4.13 IMPACT ON SOIL No soil cover exists in the core zone so there will be impact. No impact on soil of the buffer zone is envisaged due to Removal/collection of sand, as fugitive emission shall remain confined within working area/haul road and emission will be controlled by water sprinkling and plantation. 4.14 IMPACT ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT 4.14.1 Human Settlement The villages and their inhabitants in the buffer zone will not be disturbed from their settlements due to the proposed project There is no inhabitation within the applied lease area. Therefore neither villages nor any part of village or any hamlet will be disturbed during the operational phase. So no adverse impact is anticipated on human settlement. 4.14.2 Employment The proposed project will provide employment to the 131 persons. The various indirect employment opportunities have also been generated. Several persons of the neighboring villages have been benefited with loading/uploading, contract works,

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employment through contractors, running of jeeps, trucks, tractors and buses on hire, different kind of shops and transport related business avenues. 4.14.3 Economic Status Due to proposed project direct and in-direct employment, business opportunities and other earing resources will be generated, which will improve the economic status of the local people. Other then this welfare amenities such as medical facilities, conveyance, free education, drinking water supply etc. will be provided to the workers. 4.14.4 Sensitive Targets There are no places of Tourist, religious & Historical importance in core zone. Therefore, no adverse impacts are anticipated. 4.14.5 Impact on Occupational Health & Safety The possible impact on occupational health & safety in the proposed project may be Inhalation of dust, Accident due to transportation vehicles, bed mining practices etc. 4.14.6 Measures to Control Occupational Health Hazard & Safety The working in the applied lease area will be done with all safety measures under the supervision of qualified staff. The workers will be provided dust mask, safety boot, helmet and other safety equipment. A well- equipped first aid box will be maintained at site. For mitigating the aspect the following measures will be implemented : - i. Regular water sprinkling on haul roads. ii. Dust mask will be provided to the workers, iii. Periodical medical examinations will be carried out for the workers as per Norms, iv. Medical records will be keep maintained, v. Medical facilities to the workers, vi. Any early symptom of diseases, if observed, such workers will be taken off in the dusty atmosphere and suitable employed elsewhere, vii. Personal Protective Equipment’s will be provided to the workers, viii. Vocational Training will be provided to the workers. ix. Safety of the employee during mining will be taken care as per Mine Regulations 1961.

4.15 DETAILS OF INFRASTRUCTURAL FACILITIES FOR WORKER a. Water for drinking & other purpose will be arranged. b. All the safety equipment’s such as helmets, safety shoes, goggles, dust masks etc. c. A well-equipped first aid facilities, d. Periodic medical health checkups, rest shelter, washrooms will be provided. 4.16 STRUCTURED ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT AND ACTION PLAN

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The applicant has endeavored the mitigation measures of potential impact and aspects of operation. TABLE 4.6: ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT MATRIX Particulars Details Air Loading Water sprinkling will be done before loading by making it Quality moist. Managem Transportati Ø Water sprinkling during transportation over approach ent on roads will be done for suppression of dust. Ø Regularmaintenance of machinery will be carried out. Ø Overloading will be prevented. Ø Tractor trolley will be covered by tarpaulin covers. Plantation Plantation will be carried out at the approach road, river bank and vicinity area Monitoring Periodic air quality monitoring will be done and adequate measures will be taken Noise Transportati 1. Source of noise will be during operation of transportation Managem on vehicles, for this propermaintenance will be done at ent regularintervals. 2. Oiling & greasing at regular interval will be done. 3. Adequate silencers will be provided in all the diesel engines of vehicles. 4. Minimum use of horns and speed limit of 10 km/hr. in the village area. 5. Its will be ensured that all transportation vehicles carry a valid PUC Certificates. Plantation Plantation will be carried out at the approach road, river bank and vicinity area Monitoring Periodic air quality monitoring will be done and adequate measures will be taken Water Surface Waste water will not be generated duringremoval/ collection Quality water of sand/Bajri. manageme quality mgt. nt Ground 1. Ground water will not be intersected during mining water activities. quality 2. Excavation will be carried out upto a maximum depth of management 3 meter from the surfaceof Bajri deposit. Waste water 1. Waste water will not be generated during mining of management and/Bajri. 2. Temperary toilets will be provided near working blocks. 3. Soak pits will be provided for the disposal of domestic/ washrooms effluents. Solid Waste Management No waste is generated in the mining activities as the project involves collection of

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Bajri.

River bank protection & 1Mining will be done during day light only. management 2.No stockpiling of collected Bajri will be done. 3.Mining will be done for 3 meter thickness at a time in the direction of river, to avoid the providing effect & maintaining the uniform surface. 4. Markers showing water level will be marked on the site.

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CHAPTER – V ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES 5.1. INTRODUCTION Consideration of alternatives to a project proposal is a requirement of EIA process. During the scoping process, alternatives to a proposal can be considered or refined, either directly or by reference to the key issues identified. A comparison of alternatives helps to determine the best method of achieving the project objectives with minimum environmental impacts or indicates the most environmentally friendly and cost effective options. 5.2. FACTOR BEHIND THE SELECTION OF PROJECT SITE The proposed project is mining unit for the removal/collection of sand from Luni river & Their connected nallah) at near village - Gandhav Khurd, Paliyasi, Dangriya, Padrali Kalla,Gadevi, Banta, Aalpura, Mithari, Sidhasava Chouhan, Bhakharpura, Gudamalani, Ratanpura, Degwas Charnan, Dedawas Jagir, Nagar, Galiya Kalla, Dhandlawas, Modawas,Junakheda,Tunkiya, Jalikheda, Khudala, Lolawa, Goliya jeevraj, Bhatala,Sada, Mandawala, Paila Kalla, Darguda, Paila Khurd, Dangwa, Amarpura, Bhalkhadi, Gadesara, Sindhari Chousira, Bhuka Bhagatsingh, Bhuka Thansingh Manawas, Gangali, Karna, Dandali, Girli charnan, Aamjar, Gandhav kalla Tehsil –Gudha malani and sindhari, District – Barmer, Rajasthan, The letter of Intent has been granted by State Govt. The proposed mining lease area has following advantages:- Ø The applied mining area occurs in a non-forest area. Ø The required material is found in the sound quality/quantity in the applied area. Ø There is no habitation within the applied lease area; hence no R & R issues exist. Ø The river bed (proposed mining blocks of applied mining lease area) remains dry excepts the monsoon season. Ø Availability of skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled workers in this region. Ø All the basic amenities such as medical, firefighting, education, transportation, Communication and infrastructural facilities are accessible. Ø The proposed mining operations will be restricted up to a depth of 3 mtr which will not intersect the ground water level. Hence, no impact on ground water environment.

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5.3. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE SITE No alternatives are suggested as the proposed project is site specific as per the occurrence of material. 5.4. FACTOR BEHIND SELECTION OF PROPOSED TECHNOLOGY Open cast semi mechanized mining operation method will be used for the removal of sand from the proposed blocks. The proposed method is suitable for the area as:- · As the material deposition is superficial and not deeply embedded, therefore opencast method of working is preferred. · There is lesser chance of subsidence in case of opencast mining. · As there is no soil cover/OB in the area. · The material will be loaded in the dumpers & will be sold directly to the buyers in local market. 5.5. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGY Open cast Semi mechanized method has been selected for this project. This technology is having least gestation period, economically viable, safest and less labour intensive. The method has inbuilt flexibility for increasing or decreasing the production as per market condition.

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CHAPTER-VI ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME

6.1 INTRODUCTION

Success of any environmental management programme depends upon the efficiency of the organizational set up responsible for Implementation of the programme. Post project monitoring is an essential part to check the impact of any project activity. Hence monitoring of various environmental parameters will be carried out a regular basis to ascertain the following:

Ø Environmental Monitoring will be taken up for various environmental components as per conditions stipulated in Environmental Clearance Letter issued by MOEF&CC and Consent to Operate issued by the State Pollution Control Board. Compliance of same will be submitted to respective authorities on regular basis. Ø To assess environmental impacts. Ø State of pollution within the mine lease and in its vicinity. Ø Planning for predictive or corrective actions in respect of pollution to keep it within permissible limits. Ø Examine the efficiency of pollution control system adopted at the site. Ø Monitoring will be carried out at side as per the statutory requirements.

6.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL

In order to maintain the environmental quality within the stipulated standards, regular monitoring of various environmental components is necessary which will complied as per conditions for this an Environmental Management Cell be constituted. 6.2.1 Hierarchical System · Apart from having an EMP, it is also necessary to have a permanent organizational set up charged with the task of ensuring its effective implementation. · We will undertake to monitor the environmental pollution levels by measuring ambient air quality, water and effluent quality, noise levels etc. by appointing external agencies. We will ensure that the pollution is limited to allowable values and to take corrective action if required.

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· In case the monitored results of environmental pollution are found to exceed the allowable values, the Environmental Management Cell will suggest remedial action and get these suggestions implemented through the concerned Departments. · The Environmental Management cell will also coordinate all the related activities such as collection of statistics of health of workers and population of the region, afforestation and green belt development.

Environment Management Cell

Chief Executive Officer

Env. Officer( M.Sc. Env. Science) Geolosist/Mines Manager/Asst. M .M

Monitoring of Air/Water/Noise/Soil etc.

FIGURE 6.1: ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL

6.2.2 Environmental Policy: Project Applicant is committed to providing a quality service in a manner that ensures a safe and healthy workplace for employees and minimizes potential impact on the environment. They will operate in compliance with all relevant environmental legislation and strive to use pollution prevention and environmental best practices. The Applicant will:- · Integrate the consideration of environmental concerns and impacts into all the decision making & activities. · Promote environmental awareness among the employees and encourage them to work in an environmentally responsible manner.

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· Trained, educate and inform our employees about environmental issues that may affect their work. · Where required by legislation or where significant health, safety or environmental hazards exist, develop and maintain appropriate emergency and spill response programmes. · Strive to continually improve our environmental performance and minimize the social impact and damage of activities by periodic review of environmental policy in light of current and planned future activities.

6.3 RESPONSIBILITIES OF ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT TEAM (EMT)

The said team is responsible for: 1. Collecting water and air samples, work zone monitoring for air pollutants. 2. Analyzing the water and air samples.

3. Implementing the control and protective measures.

4. Coordinating the environment related activities within the project as well as with outside agencies. 5. Collecting statistics on health of workers and population of surroundings villages. 6. Green belt development etc. 6.4 MONITORING SCHEDULE AND PARAMETERS To evaluate the effectiveness of environmental management programme, regular monitoring of the important environment parameters will be taken up. The schedule, duration and parameters to be monitored are shown in table: TABLE 6.1: MONITORING SCHEDULE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS Duration Monitoring Particulars of Important Monitoring Parameters Frequencies Station Surface / pH, SS, TDS, Iron, Hardness, Once in a Ground Grab Alkalinity Chlorides, Nitrates year water Sulphate & Flourides

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Ambient air Once in a 24 hr. PM10, PM2.5 SOx and NOx Monitoring Quarter. Noise Once in a 8 hr. Level in dB(A) and dB(A) Monitoring quarter PH, Conductivity, Sulphate, Soil Once in a Grab Nitrate, Phosphates, Alkalinity & Sampling year texture. 6.5 BUDGETARY PROVISION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT It is necessary to include the environmental cost as a part of the budgetary cost component. As per the Rajasthan Minor Mineral Concession (Forth Amendment) Rules, 2012 dated 01-11-2012, lessee will deposit contribution in environment management fund to meet out the financial requirement of association/agency for carrying out environmental protection work as per the environment management plan Rs. 5/- per tonne of mineral dispatch at present In order to implement the environmental protection measures, timely funds will be released as per requirement. In addition to above, it is proposed to provision for expenmditure as capital cost of Rs. 21.20 lac on pollution control, green belt and environmental monitoring systems with recurring amount of Rs.5.70 lac per annum. The break-up of the investment is given in the following Table No.: 6.2

TABLE 6.2 :BUDGETARY PROVISION FOR IMPLIMENTATION OF EMP S. Capital cost ( Rs. Annual recurring No. Particulars Lac) cost (Rs. Lac) Existing Proposed Existing Proposed 1 Pollution Control (Separately provide break- Nil 4.0 Nil 1.5 up) 2 Pollution Monitoring (Separately provide break- Nil 5.0 Nil 1.0 up) 3 Occupational Health Nil 2.0 Nil 0.15

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4 Green Belt · Mine Nil 8.70 Nil 2.0 · Township) 5 Reclamation / Rehabilitation of mined Nil --- Nil --- out area 6 Rain water Harvesting Nil 1.50 Nil 0.60

Total Nil 21.20 Nil 5.70

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CHAPTER – VII ADDITIONAL STUDIES 7.1 INTRODUCTION All types of industries face certain types of hazards which can disrupt normal activities abruptly, similarly River Bed Mining also has impending dangers or risk which need be addressed for which a disaster management plan has been formulated with an aim of taking precautionary steps to avert disasters and also to take such action after the disaster which limits the damage to the minimum. Nevertheless, the following natural problems may be encountered during the mining operation. 1. Increase in gradient of the river – one of the most frequently occurring hazards of the riverbed mining is the increase of river gradient due to haphazard mining practices. Due to selective mining in vast patches of the bed, the amount of suspended load, turbidity and velocity of the water may increase which may affect the overall behavior of the stream. 2. Dumping of waste material – The waste left from the river bed mining consists of unusable aggregates and mainly clay. The clay is generally dumped back in the mined out areas. Subsequently the clay gets mixed with stream water to result in increased turbidity and siltation downstream. 3. Water pollution – The left over aggregates are fine-grained particles that are lifted easily by increase of stream water velocity. Retention times of these particles are long and quality of water is affected consequently. As per proposal made under the mining plan, during proposed working the area will be developed by means of opencast semi mechanized mining method. Exploitation and transportation of minerals are to be carried out by semi mechanized means. Water table will not be touched during processed working. No high risk accidents like landslides, subsidence flood etc. have been apprehended. But possibility of accidental disaster is also not ruled out. Therefore, all the statutory precautions should be taken for quick evacuation as per the Mines Act 1952, the Mines Rules 1955, MMR-1961 and MCDR-1988. 7.2 PUBLIC CONSULTATION

Public notice for the public hearing was published in two daily newspapers, “Hindustan Times” (English edition) on dated 15.06.2014 and “Rajasthan Patrika ” (Hindi edition) on dated 15.06.2014. Public hearing was conducted as per EIA Notification at 10.00 PM on 18-07-2014, in the premises of Gram Panchayat Bhukha Bhagat Singh, Panchayat Samiti: Sindhari, Tehsil: Gudhamalani, District: Barmer, under the Chairmanship of Chief Executive Officer, Zila Parishad, Barmer, Shri Rajendra Mishra (Representative

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of District Collector, Chittorgarh) for, Proposed River Sand Mining Project located at Revenue villages of Tehsil: Gudhamalani, District: Barmer, Rajasthan. To start with the proceedings of Public Hearing Shri H.R.Kasana, Regional Officer, Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board, Barmer welcomed all the persons present and gave a brief introduction about the procedure and importance of Public Hearing being conducted under the EIA Notification, dated 14.09.2006 issued by Ministry of Environment & Forests, Government of India. Thereafter representative of Project consultant M/s Enviro Concept (I) Pvt. Ltd, Jaipur Shri Devendra Goyal & Pramod Dagla made a presentation and gave details of the project. After the presentation, the public were invited to express their views and concern. During the public consultation, no objection regarding the project has been received. However people are happy for the coming project as they will get employment and other facilities. Minutes of public hearing is given in below table:- 64 persons made their attendance in the public hearing and following issues were raised:- Table 7.1: Public Consultation NAME & ISSUES RAISED RESPONSE/COMMITMENT Action Plan ADDRESS OF THE BY THE PUBLIC OF PROJECT PROPONENT PERSON Shri Inwar Singh, Vehicles are not Presently your suggestion & Only covered Village: Sindhari covered with objections are invited for vehicles allowed tarpaulin during proposed sand mining project. to transporting transportation, All the Environmental the sand and Hence sand fly in Management Measures are vehles will be the air and some proposed and will be allowing. PUC times the other implemented during mining vehicles are local vehicles are operation. i.e. Trucks will be allowing for affected and covered with tarpaulin sheet transportation of cause of as per rules & guidelines. A sand. An amount accidents. proposed amount of budget of Rs. 2.60 Lac -There is no will be spent on per year has been proper Environmental Management allocated for the management of measures. same. Environmental Provision for problems. implementation of proposed EMP Rs. 26.90 Lac per annum allocated

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Sher Mohammed Who will fill up Regional Officer Balotra, H.R. Compliance all Village: Sindhari the pits formed Kasana replied that earlier the conditions during sand lease of sand Mining imposed in EC mining? sanctioned by Government on and CTE/CTO demand, but presently lease and follow all is being sanctioned by rules and floating tenders. Hence all regulation of govt. rules will be applicable mining to lease holder. department. - Area covering deep pit will be demarcated once the EC is granted and it will be leveled.

Mohan Singh Who will fill pits Mining will be proposed not Mining will be Village: Dhaka formed more than more then 3 Mtr. Depth from done only 3 Mtr. 3.0m during the river bed. Depth from the mining -First-Aid facilities will be river bed level available at the mining site. and above 1 Mtr. - What’s the -All workers will be covered of the water provision of by insurance as per rules. level, which is Insurance of the - All workers will be subjected comes earlieir. workers. to medical examination time However, the - What medical to time. existing pits facility will be Local medical facilities to be which is more provided during provided at the site and then 3 Mtr. any injury going immediately sent to nearby Depth will be on during mines hospital. Lavelle during operation. - Insurance facilities are mining operation. made available to worker medical check-up under labour law. for all workers for lung function, audiometric test, tuberculosis and pulmonary disease will be done at the time of appointment and during the mining operation under Occupational Health & Safety Program

- First aid & Rest shelter will also be provided to workers. For

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the same 2.50 Lac will be spent by the lessee for occupational health and safety for workers Rs. 56.60 per year is allocated under CSR scheme. Major activities for workers will be as follows :- § General health camps for nearby villagers. § Eye check up camps. § Free of cost distribution of medicines Shri Ladu Ram How will you Regional Officer Balotra, Sh. Water Sprinkling Village: Kanana control the dust H.R. Kasana replied that the will be used & dirt during mining area will be wetted by during mining sand mining? water time to time, to avoid operation. Rs. fugitive dust emissions. 5.50 Lac per annum will be spent by lessee under EMP. Shri Udai Singh, How will you Regional Officer Balotra, Proposed EMG Village: Sodha distribute of H.R. Kasana replied that Cell will be take Environmental Government will constitute a care and Management committee for the expenditure spending in Fund of Environmental consultation of expenditure? Management Fund. You can local authorities give your suggestions in and villagers of written to committee. proposed EMP fund of Rs. 26.90 Lac per Year. Committee will be constituted by Government during mine operation. Kisna Ram Free sand should It is assured by Lease holder About 131 Village : Sada be provided for that employment will be persons will be

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construction of given to local persons and employed concerned Sand will be provided at directly. Panchayat comparatively cheap price to Bhawan and local persons. temple. Employment will be given to local persons.

Table 7.2: Time Bound Action Plan S.No Activity Action to be Undertaken Budget Rs. In lac per Time Schedule Year I II III IV V 1 Pollution Environmental Monitoring 5.0 1.0 Prevention for different pollutants and Controll under EMP

Water Water Spraying on road 4.0 1.50 Spraying for and lease area for Dust minimize the dust Saparation pollution 2 Greenbelt About 30000 local plant 8.70 2.0 development species plant per year along Road, Lease and govt. and private land in consultation of local authorities. 3 Education Assistance to local schools, 10.0 2.0 scholarships and skill development programme under CSR activities. 4 Health Health chek up and 10.0 2.0 distribution of medicines 5 Construction Construction and 2.0 0.60 and Maintenance of Roads in Maintance of the Villages near mine roads roads lease area with the help of Village Panchyat 6 Sanitation & Awareness and 5.0 0.7 Drinking construction of washroom water facility and drinking water facilities to govt. school and anganwadies of the nearby villages and Water supply through tanker in the near by villages 7. Conservation Awareness and reward to - 9.30 (Five of Schedule-I people help to Year) Species conservation of species

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8. Rain water 1.50 0.60 Harvesting

7.3 RISK ASSESSMENT All types of industries face certain types of hazards which can disrupt normal activities abruptly, similarly River Bed Mining also has impending dangers or risk which need be addressed for which a disaster management plan has been formulated with an aim of taking precautionary steps to avert disasters and also to take such action after the disaster which limits the damage to the minimum. Nevertheless, the following natural problems may be encountered during the mining operation. 1. Increase in gradient of the river – One of the most frequently occurring hazards of the river bed mining is the increase of river gradient due to haphazard mining practices. Due to selective mining in vast patches of the bed, the amount of suspended load, turbidity and velocity of the water may increase which may affect the overall behavior of the stream. 2. Dumping of waste material – the waste left from the river bed mining consists of unusable aggregates and mainly clay. The clay is generally dumped back in the mined out areas. Subsequently the clay gets mixed with stream water to results in increased turbidity and siltation downstream. 3. Water pollution – The left over aggregates are fine grained particles that are lifted easily by increase of stream water velocity. Retention times of these particles are long and quality of water is affected consequently. As per proposal made under the mining plan, during proposed working the area will be developed by means of opencast semi- mechanized mining method. Exploitation and transportation of minerals are to be carried out by semi -mechanized means. Water table will not be touched during processed working. No high risk accidents like landslides, subsidence flood etc. have been apprehended. But possibility of accidental disaster is also not ruled out. Therefore, all the statutory precautions should be taken for quick evacuation as per the Mines Act 1952, the Mines Rules 1955, MMR-1961 and MCDR-1988. The possible risks in the case of river bed mining project are bank erosion, floods, accidents due to transportation etc. Mining and allied activities are associated with several potential hazards to both the employees and the public at large. A worker in a mine should be able to work under

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condition, which are adequately safe and healthy. At the same time the environmental condition should be such as not to impair his working efficiency. This is possible only when there is adequate safety in mines. Hence, safety is one of the most essential aspects of any working mine. safety of the mine and the employees will be taken care according to the mining rules & regulations, which are well defined with laid down procedure for safety, which when scrupulously followed safety is ensured not only to manpower but also to working environment. 7.3.1 Possible Risks Due To Inundation & Its Control Mining will be done during the non-monsoon periods; therefore problem of inundation is not likely to happen. 7.3.2 Dewatering Depth of mine is limited to 3m depth only from the river bed level whereas the ground water flows at 60 m to 65 m below the bed level. Hence no dewatering is required. 7.3.3 Possible Risks Due To Failure of Pit Slope & Its Control Pit will be created of limited depth only i.e. 3m thus the chance of failure of pit slope does not exist. 7.3.4 Possible Risks Due To Failure of Waste Dump & Its Control No waste dump is created therefore the question of failure of waste dump does not exist. 7.3.5 Possible Risks Due To Fire & Its Control The operation does not anticipate any fire disaster. 7.3.6 Measures to Prevent Accidents · All transportation within applied mining lease working should be carried out directly under the supervision and control of the management. · The vehicles will be maintained in good condition and checked thoroughly at least once a month by the competent person authorized for the purpose by the management. · Road signs will be provided at each and every turning point up to the main road (wherever required). · To avoid danger while reversing the equipment’s/ vehicles especially at the working place / loading points, stopper should be posted to properly guide reversing/ spotting operating, otherwise no person should be there within 10 km radius of machine. · A statutory provision of the fences, constant education, training etc. will go a long way in reducing the incidents of such accidents.

7.3.7 Other Possible Measures to Avoid Risks/ Disaster Due to River Bed Mining. · Unwanted material including mineral or spillage (if any) should not be stacked on the banks as it will hinder the flow of water in monsoon season. · Mining of minerals / working shall be started from the center from dip to rise and then laterally in 1 Meter slice so that the river course could not get affected. · Removal/collection of sand in a uniform way so that the river flow/ course shall not get disturbed.

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· River banks will not be excavated to from access ramps. · Only excavated river gravel should be used to deposit against the river bank to form access ramps. Maintenance and monitoring: The area will be monitored every week by competent person and if maintenance is needed will be done as per requirement. 7.4 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN This should deal with action plan for high risk accidents like landslides, subsidence, flood, inundation in underground mines, fire, seismic activities, tailing dam failures etc. and emergency plan proposed for quick evacuation, ameliorative measures to be taken etc. The capability of lessee to meet such eventualities and the assistance to be required from the local authorities should be described. Ø The shallow depth of activities in river bed mining will not involve any high risk accident due to side falls/collapse. Ø The complete mining operation will be carried out under the Management and control of experienced and qualified Mines Manager having Certificate of Competency to manage the mines granted by DGMS. Ø All the provisions of Mines Act 1952, MMR 1961 and Mines Rules 1955 and other laws applicable to mine will strictly be complied with. Ø During heavy rainfall the mining activities will be closed. Ø All persons in supervisory capacity will be provided with proper communication facilities. Ø Proper coordination with Irrigation Department will be maintained so that at the time of releasing water, if any, from the dam suitable warning/information is given in advance.

7.5 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH HAZARDS Dry - pit mining by open cast method involves dust generation by excavation, loading and transportation of mineral. At site, during excavation and loading activity, dust is main pollutant which affects the health of workers whereas environmental and climatic conditions also generate the health problems. Occupational injuries and ill-health have huge social and economic implications for individuals, their families and their communities. They also have an adverse impact on the economy of the society as a whole. Occupational accidents and health hazards can also affect public health and safety, and the environment. The effect on the health and safety of people costs the economy and impacts the environment. Efforts will be made to address occupational health and safety with broader social agenda for sustainable development. Hazards, which are associated with poor engineering design, contribute to increased safety risks. Although health risks can be avoided by implementing

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controls at source in the work environment, designing such controls for mining environment presents considerable challenges because dust and noise are generated by mining itself. A range of control measures that act together to reduce exposure to such risks is therefore necessary. These could include methods for minimizing dust levels by reducing dust generation and methods for dilution, suppression, capture, and containment. While significant uncertainties remain in controlling dust exposures and maintaining the effectiveness of control the use of appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is important. Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) is a cross- disciplinary area concerned with protecting the safety, health and welfare of people engaged in work or employment. The goal of all occupational health and safety programs is to foster a safe work environment. Excessive dust, noise and vibration are the chief health hazards for the miners. Some examples of such hazards are: • Exposure to dust • Noise exposure • Vehicular movements • Physical Hazards. Occupational hazard due to sand mining mainly comes under the physical hazards. Possible physical hazards are as below 7.5.1 Physical Hazards due to Mining Operations Following health related hazards were indentified due to riverbed sand mining operations to the workers:- 1. Light: - The workers may be exposed to the risk of poor illumination or excessive brightness. The effects are eye strain, headache, eye pain and lachrymation, congestion around the cornea and eye fatigue. 2. Heat and Humidity: - The most common physical hazard is heat. The direct effects of heat exposure are burns, heat exhaustion, heat stroke and heat cramps; the indirect effects are decreased efficiency, increased fatigue and enhanced accident rates. Heat and humidity are encountered in hot and humid condition when temperatures and air temperatures increase in summer time up to 480C or above in the river bed mining area. 3. Eye Irritation: - During the high windy days in summer the sand could be the problems for eyes like itching and watering of eyes.

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4. Respiratory Problems: - Large amounts of dust in air can be a health hazard, exacerbating respiratory disorders such as asthma and irritating the lungs and bronchial passages. 5. Noise Induced Hearing Loss: - Machinery is the main source of noise pollution at the mine site. 7.5.2 Medical Examination Schedule To minimize the health impacts PPE like dust masks, ear plugs/ muffs and other equipments will be provided for use by the work personnel. All workers will be subjected to Initial Medical Examination as per Mines Rule 1955 at the time of appointment. Periodical Medical Examination will be conducted at least once in five years. Medical camps will be organized. The detail of health check up and periodical medical examination schedule is given below in Table 7.3. Table 7.3: Medical Examination Schedule S.No Activities 1st yr. 2nd yr. 3rd yr. 4th yr 5th yr 1 Initial Medical Examination (Mine Workers) a Physical Check – up - - - - b Psychological Test - - - - c Audiometric Test - - - - d Respiratory Test 2 Periodical Medical Examination (Mine Workers) a Physical Check – up - b Audiometric Test - c Eye Check – up - d Respiratory Test - 3 Medical Camp (Mine Workers - & Nearby Villagers 4 Training (Mine Workers) Medical Follow Ups:-Work force will be divided into three targeted groupsage wise as follows:- Age Group PME as per Mine Rule 1955 Special Examination Less than 25 years Once in a Three Years In case of emergencies Between 25 to 40 Years Once in a Three Years In case of emergencies Above 40 years Once in a Three Years In case of emergencies Medical help on top priority immediately after diagnosis/accident is the essence of preventive aspects.

Table:7.4 Schedule & Cost of Medical Checkup S.No Particulars Budget in Rs. /Annum 1 Initial medical check-up for all workers (131 @ 500 Rs Per 65500 Person) for lung function, audiometric test, tuberculosis and pulmonary disease at the time of appointment 2 Periodical check-up for all workers (131 @ 500 Rs Per 65500

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Person) (Audiometic Test, Eye – Check-up, Lung function and respiratory test, ECG etc) 3 Provision for personal protection equipment like ear plug, 50,000 dust mask, Helmet shoes etc., for 131 workers 4 First Aid facilities, rest shelter etc 69,000 Total 2,50,000.00

7.6 SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT, R&R ACTION PLAN There will be the positive impact on the villagers of the nearby villages in the form of employment, business promotion and social welfare. There is no human settlement in the applied lease area. Thus there is no impact on the human settlement and thus no R & R plan is required.

======*******======CHAPTER-VIII PROJECT BENEFITS 8.1 INTRODUCTION Applicant is very much conscious of their obligation to society at large. The management will help in overall socio economic development of the area.This is proposal for the production of ordinary sand (Bajri) proposed production 50.40LTPA of from applied mine (Area 5151.6828 Ha) near Village: Gandhav Khurd, Paliyasi, Dangriya, Padrali Kalla,Gadevi, Banta, Aalpura, Mithari, Sidhasava Chouhan, Bhakharpura,Gudamalani, Ratanpura, Degwas Charnan, Dedawas Jagir, Nagar, Galiya Kalla, Dhandlawas, Modawas,Junakheda,Tunkiya, Jalikheda, Khudala, Lolawa, Goliya jeevraj, Bhatala,Sada, Mandawala, Paila Kalla, Darguda, Paila Khurd, Dangwa, Amarpura, Bhalkhadi, Gadesara, Sindhari Chousira, Bhuka Bhagatsingh, Bhuka Thansingh Manawas, Gangali, Karna, Dandali, Girli charnan, Aamjar, Gandhav kalla, Tehsil –Gudha malani and sindhari, District – Barmer, Rajasthan. 8.2 IMPROVEMENTS IN THE SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE The mining activity will generate of socioeconomic benefits to the people of the area. There will be generation of employment to the local people as well as their earning will increase. Additional facilities i.e. educational, medical transportation etc. will be made available to the local population. Overall positive impact will be on population. Due to mining activity, increased revenue earnings in the area will lead to the

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development of infrastructural facilities like that transport road, schools, Hospitals etc. The Applicant will contribute to the various developmental activities in all the nearby villages and will work for all round development viz., providing water supply, communication and telecommunication facilities, creating environmental awareness, imparting knowledge on agriculture, mechanization, health and sanitation and most importantly ensuring a sustainable development for the social upliftment of the habitats of the area. The promoters will also provide funds for the various development activities of the neighboring villages as and when required. Promotion of social & economic status Ø Bharat Singh has contributed to the economical and social development of the area. It will provide direct employment to about 131 people and indirect employment to many more. Ø The applicant believes in the philosophy to provide better health and medical facilities not only to their families but also to villagers.

8.3 IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE Due to proposed project direct/ indirect employment, revenue to the govt., business opportunities will be developed in the area, which will increase living standard of the people. It will ultimately leads to the improvement in the physical infrastructure facilities such as transport, road, housing, schools as well as hospitals. Due to improved earning there will be improvement in the entertainment facilities and marketing facilities with the improvement in social status. This will result in following benefits: § Improvements in physical infrastructure. § Improvements in Social Infrastructure. § Increase in Employment Potential § Prevention of illegal mining. § During and Post-mining enhancement of green cover.

8.4 HEALTH & SAFETY All safety measures i.e. safety appliances, safety awards, posters, slogan related to safety etc. necessary safety equipment’s shall be provided to the workers like helmets, safety boots, dust mask, ear muffs etc. All necessary medical facilities are provided at mine site. Periodical health checkup of the employees will be done. All necessary facilities will be provided as per mines

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Rules. Provision of rest shelters for mine workers with amenities like drinking water etc. Periodical training programme to inform the employees about their task, associated risk and safe working practices will be undertaken. 8.5 EMPLOYEMT POTENTIAL With mining activities, local people will have a lot of direct and indirect employment avenues opened up. There will be direct employment opportunities in the mine and the secondary employment will also develop in the neighboring villages by providing services to the employed manpower. Thus, the local people will enjoy the economic upliftment. 8.5.1 Management & Supervisory Personal For safe and systematic mining sufficient technical and supervisory staffs are required at mine site, at present no non-technical & technical staffs are employed in the mine. The proposal for employment of managerial and supervisory staff has been furnished in the plan as given below.

Employment Opportunities The proposed Project will provide employment to the local people. It has estimated that 131 people will get direct employment in this mining project. Indirect employment is also expected due to the associated activities. It is a positive impact of the project since it is providing employment opportunities to the local people. The category wise details of employment are given in the table below: Sr. No Designation No.

1 Manager-1st class 2

2 Safety officer/Assistants 4

3 Technical Supervisor personal 10 4 Skilled personnel 5

5 Semi skilled personnel 10 6 Un skilled personnel 100 Total 131

8.6 OTHER TANGIBLE BENEFITS Communication facilities will be created such as approach roads, telephones, which will be beneficial for the local population. The project Applicant will arrange for the regular medical checkup camps for the employees which will be also be extended for

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the villagers. Arrangements for the supply of drinking water in the period of scarcity to the nearby villages will also be done by the project Applicant. Proper health & safety measures will be taken during the workings. The management will recruit the semi-skilled & unskilled workers from the nearby villagers. The project activity and the management will definitely support the local panchayat and provide other form of assistance for the development of public amenities in this region. The applicant management will contribute to the local schools, dispensaries for the welfare of the villagers. Green belt development / Plantation will be taken up in the vicinity of river banks, along the approach roads, around Govt. building, schools.

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CHAPTER-IX ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN 9.1 INTRODUCTION The environmental impact assessment presented in previous chapter is based on the control measures. It is concluded that the mining activities having substantial, but reversible impact on environment and the suggestive measures should be taken so as to minimize the impacts. Environmental management plan details the environmental quality control measures which are proposed for this project to achieve the production of 50.40L TPA of ordinary sand (Bajri) Minor Minerals by complying with the stipulated standard limit specified by state pollution control board and CPCB. Environment Management Plan, which is to be implemented in the project has detailed under the following heads: Ø Land use pattern and river course environment Ø Air Environment Ø Water Environment Ø Noise Environment Ø Solid waste Management Ø Biological Environment including Plantation Development Ø Implementation of EMP and monitoring Programme

9.2 LAND USE PATTERN AND RIVER COURSE ENVIRONMENT Land degradation is one of the major adverse impact of opencast mining activities related to mining and any effort to control adverse impacts would be incomplete without appropriate land reclamation strategy. Deviation from planned mining procedure can lead to bank erosion/cutting and thereby river channel shifting degradation of land, causing loss of properties and degradation surrounding of landscape. Thus for environment friendly river bed mining the following control/abatement measures will be followed: Ø Sand (Bajri) will be mined out in central position of stream and sufficient safety barrier say 10% of width will be left towards bank side. So that the river flow / course will not get disturbed. Ø Mining of sand will be started from dip side towards rise at the center and also laterally in 3 meter slice so that the river course will not get affected. Unwanted material including mineral or spillage (if any) will not be stacked by the side of the excavation area. If need be done then it should be dozed afterwards in excavation voids created. This is to be done so, because it will otherwise hinder the flow of water in monsoon season. Ø Leaving safety barrier on both sides and maximum barrier should be on concave side of river preferably the flow channel (excavation void created) should be kept straight so as to help avoid erosion as side cutting. Ø In the first five years, mining excavation will be excavated and next year dig will be replenishment with monsoon season.

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9.3 AIR ENVIRONMENT In order to minimize impacts of mining on air and to maintain it within the prescribed limits of CPCB/SPCB, an Environment Management Plan (EMP) has been prepared. This will help in resolving all environmental and ecological issues likely to cause due to mining in the area. During the course of mining no toxic substances are released into the atmosphere as such there seems to be no potential threat to health of human beings. In river bed mining activities, the only source of gaseous emission is from the engines of vehicles. The reasons may be quality of fuel, improper operation of the engine, etc. proper maintenance of engines will improve combustion process and brings reduction in pollution. The fugitive dust generation during mining and transportation requires some mitigation. Measures to Prevent Generation & Dispersal of Dust particles that are normally generated during various mining operations when become airborne lead to increase in PM10 level in the ambient air. Another source of dust generation is the transport of material by vehicle. Dust suppression by water spraying is adopted on the roads. Maintenance of transported vehicles and maintenance of kutchha road on regular basis. Regular water spraying on haulage roads during transportation of sand and waste by water sprinklers. Ø Plantation will be carried out on approach roads & nearby vicinity of river bank. Ø To control the emissions regular preventive maintenances of equipment’s will be done to adopt corrective actions wherever needed. Ø It is being ensured that all transportation vehicles will carry a valid PUC certificate. Ø Dust mask will be provided to the employs.

9.4 NOISE ENVIRONMENT The noise level monitoring carried out in the area has indicated that the present noise levels in mine site are generally within limits. The deployments of vehicles for transport and other auxiliary operations have increased the noise level but are naturally attenuated within applied lease area itself. Measures to Control Pollution due to the Noise The following control measures are being taken to keep the ambient noise levels well within limits.

9.4.1 Noise Abatement and Control Ø Proper maintenance of all machines will be carried out, which help in reducing generation of noise during operations.

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Ø No other equipment’s accept the transportation vehicles as tractor trolley is allowed. Ø Noise generated by these equipment’s is intermittent and does not cause much adverse impact. Ø Periodical monitoring of noise will be done to adopt corrective actions wherever needed. Ø Plantation will be taken up along the approach roads and on river bank. The plantation minimizes propagation of noise and also arrests dust. General precaution for blasting will be taken up as following:- No drilling and blasting involved in this project.

9.5 WATER MANAGEMENT 9.5.1 Surface & Ground Water Management Ø Mining in the area will be done well above the water table as well as river bed water level therefore impact on water regime is not anticipated. The ground water level of applied lease area is 60 m to 65 m from the BGL. River bed mining will be up to depth of 3m from the surface. Ø Mining will not intersect the river bed water level or ground water table of the area. So not at all disturbing water environment. Ø The mining from river bed does not have any impact on topography and natural drainage of surrounding area as no part of land outside river bed is disturbed and the void formed dust excavated Bajri (Minerals) from river bed is filled bank generally during monsoon season, more or less restoring to original position thus not affecting normal drainage in the river channel also. 9.5.2 Waste Water Management

No waste water will be generated from the mining activity of minor minerals as the project only involves lifting Bajri from river bed in dry state.

9.6 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT Ø No solid waste is generated from the said mining operations. Ø There is no toxic element present in the mineral which may contaminate the soil.

9.7 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 9.7.1 GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT Greenbelt development program will be designed within the natural constraints of the river sand area and in particular species selection reflects flora known to be resistant to the local conditions. A Greenbelt development is necessary for: 1) Landscaping and providing shelter 2) Help in reducing Pollution level 3) Surface air purification by providing oxygen and letting SPM to settle on the leaves.

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4) To attenuate noise generation by movement of vehicles and other machinery. 5) Prevent soil erosion to great extent 6) Improve ecological conditions. 7) Improves the aesthetics & beneficially influence the microclimate of the surrounding.

The following characteristics will be taken into consideration while selecting plant species for green belt development and tree plantation. a. They should be local indigenous and drought resistant species. b. They should be fast growing and tall trees. c. They should be perennial and evergreen. d. They should have thick canopy cover. e. The planting should be in appropriate alternate rows around the site to prevent lateral pollution dispersion. f. The trees should maintain regional ecological balance and confirm to soil and hydrological conditions. Indigenous species should be preferred. g. Species will be planted as per CPCB guidelines and native species.

9.7.2 General Guidelines for plantation a. Plantation of trees will be done along road side and nearby areas such as in school, in social forestry in villages or on the baron space to arrest auto-exhaust and noise pollution, and in such a way that there is no direct line of sight to the mine when viewed from a point outside the foliage perimeter. i. Since tree trunks are normally devoid of foliage (up to 3 m), it will be appropriate to have shrubbery in form of such trees to give coverage to trunk portion of these trees. ii. Fast growing trees with thick perennial foliage will be grown, as it will take many years for trees to grow to their full height. Vegetation covers in and around the mine workings generally helps in: § Stabilizing erodible slopes to minimize pollution. § Control of dust. § Enhancement of aesthetic value. § Maximize evapo-transpiration, which helps minimizing run off. § Reducing noise.

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9.7.3 Conservation Measures for Threatened Plant Species:

Direct and indirect approach is required to provide effective conservation, which is

suggested as under.;

· Some provision of rewards for growing maximum threatened plant species. · Aware the villagers and encourage them to grow threatened plant species in numbers in their farms by mentioning their medicinal and economic value. · Another way to help preserve the endangered species is to create society. Dedicated to ecological ethics. All the conservation measures will be · implemented with the help of and in the consultation of the state forest department. · A series of conservation awareness workshops for village and school children should be conducted in the different villages. Interactive discussion will be · carried out participants. · Encourage afforestation activities around by maintaining them. · Suggest strategies to minimize negative impacts of changing environment in nearby area of promote conservation. · Another way to help preserve the endangered species is to create society dedicated to ecological ethics. All the conservation measures will be implemented with the help of and in the consultation of the state forest department. · The lease is in the river bed and devoid of any vegetation. Mining activities will not cause any harm to riparian vegetation cover as the working will not extend beyond the offset left against the banks. It is proposed to have plantation on both sides of the roads & along the bank of river as greenbelt to provide cover against dust dissemination plantation will also be carried out as social forestry programmed in villages school and the areas allocated by the Panchayat/State authorities. Green belts are created not only for the purpose of protecting sensitive areas or to maintain ecological balance but because they also act as efficient biological filters. Green belt development provides an important tool to address the issue of mitigating the adverse effect of fugitive emission on surrounding environment. · Suitable combination of trees that can grow fast and also have good leaf cover shall be adopted to develop the greenbelt according to the local climate. It is proposed to plants about 150000 no’s of native plant species with some fruits bearing and medicinal trees during the five year. Table: 9.1: Species Recommended for Greenbelt Development S.No Species Name Binomial name 1 Rohira Tecomell undulata

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2 Neem Azadirachta indica

3 Shisham Dalbergia sissoo 4 Israyali Babool Acacia toratalis 5 Peepal Ficus religiosa 6 Meetha Jal Salvadora oleoides 7 Gathbor Zizyphus xylopyrus 8 Siris Albizia lebbeck 9 Maytenus Kankera emerginata 10 Salvadora persica Khara Jal Some shrubs and herbs also proposed to plantation between trees for binding the land and avoiding soil erosion i.e. Kaner (Nerium Indicum) , Ber (Ziziphus numularia), Bui (Aerva tomentosa), Jaal (Salvadora persica), Kans grass (Saccharum spontaneum), Red (Yellow, Wild) Sage (Lantana camara), Kair (Caparis deciduas) & Munja grass (Saccharum munja) etc. in consultation of local authorities and people. About 50% of the study area falls under agricultural fellow land and about 18% area consists of sand dunes. The above mentioned plants will be developed in such areas. Number of Plant per hectare will be more than the previous year by compensating the loss of plants. Because plant survival is assumed about 70%. 30,000 Plants are proposed every year and 1,50,000 plants in five years or in the lease period. Table 9.2 Green Belt Development Plan

Year Plantation Survival (70%) Area to be covered in Ha. I 30,000 21,000 75 II 30,000 21,000 75 III 30,000 21,000 75 IV 30,000 21,000 75 V 30,000 21,000 75 Total 1,50,000 1,05,000 375

Plantation will be developed and maintained up to five years on 375 Hect. The budget allocated about Rs. 10, 70,000.00 per annum 9.7.4 CONSERVATION MEASURES FOR SCHEDULE SPECIES

Ecological restoration is about a broad set of activities (enhancing, repairing, or reconstructing degraded ecosystems and optimizing biodiversity returns). In essence, the restoration of mined land is based around ecosystem reconstruction. It is usually a question of the re-establishment of the capability of the land to capture and retain

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fundamental resources (energy, water, nutrients and species). With this in view, it is proposed to plant the trees and undertake development of green belt in the project area at all possible places. As a trend, the faunal population is on decreasing trend in general. Arrangement of adequate funds has been made for enhancing, repairing, or reconstructing degraded ecosystems and optimizing biodiversity returns.

The Faunal studies were conducted using tracking (Visual encounter survey) and scats method during the months of Oct-Dec 2013. Schedule I species (IWPA 1972) Indian Peafowl (Pavo cristatsus) and Chinkara (Gazella bennetti) was found in study area. Conservation plan for schedule I species with the consultation of forest department is prepared and given hereunder.

9.7.4.1 CONSERVATION PLAN FOR INDIAN PEAFOWL (Pavo cristatus) Peacock or Indian peafowl (Pavo cristatus) is a familiar and universally known large pheasant. It is a National Bird of India, belongs to Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act 1972 was reported from the some villages of the study area. The male has a spectacular glossy green long tail feathers that may be more than 60 percent of the bird’s total body length. These feathers have blue, golden green and copper colored ocelli (eyes). The long tail feathers are used for mating rituals like courtship displays. The feathers are arched into a magnificent fan shaped form across the back of the bird and almost touching the found on both sides. Females do not have these graceful tail feathers. They have the fan like crest with whitish face and throat, chestnut brown crown and hind neck, metallic green upper breast and mantle, white belly and brown back rump and tail. Their primaries are dark brown.

CLASSIFICATION:

Kingdom Animalia

Phylum Chordata Class Aves Order Galliformes Family Phasianidae Genus Pavo Species Pavo cristatus Vernacular Indian name Peafowl

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Peacock in study area

Study Approach

Buffer zone of the study area has been reported as a habitat of Schedule I species Pavo cristatus commonly known as peacock, more effort was made to assess their status in term of movements and habitat use in and around the study area. At first, a detailed biological survey of the core zone and buffer zone (10 km radius from periphery of the proposed river bed sand mining project) was carried out to understand the status distribution of the species in the study area. Also, questionnaire survey was carried out to understand the recent status of peacock sightings and their movements. Overall, 15 people from seven villages were interviewed randomly. The conclusion of the survey discussed the potential sightings & habitat use, and movement and food habits of peacock in the study area.

Habitat Use

No any peacock was sighted in the core zone. All the direct sightings of the peacock were located near the human dominated and forest areas. This species is well adapted to natural village environment setting. According to the villagers, peacock is present in both, village and forest areas. Day time they temporarily move towards the surrounding agriculture areas for feeding while during night time roosts on the trees present in the village.

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People of villages pointed out that, some peacocks present in the nearby Hills, hide in the rocky caves in the night time and they never come to villages while some of the roosting on the trees present in the agriculture hedges.

Life Cycle Call : Kee-ow, Kee-ow, Kee-ow, Ka-an, Ka-an, Ka-an, Kok-kok, Kok- kok, cain-kok Breeding : April-September (Project area) Nest site : On ground in undergrowth (wild) On buildings by semi-feral birds in villages Body length : 180-230 cm Weight : 2750-6000 gm Habitat : In the undergrowth in deciduous forests near streams Tall trees for roosting

Food Habits Peafowls are omnivores, eating plant parts, flower petals, seed heads, insects and other arthropods, reptiles and amphibians. In the study area, dense tree canopy cover supports good insect diversity which is very common food for peafowl.

Conservation and Relationship with man The great beauty and popularity of the Indian Peafowl has ensured its protection throughout most of its native ranges. It is a National bird of India. The peafowl is prominent in the mythology and folklore of the Indian people. The Hindus consider the bird to be sacred because of its association with Lord Krishna who used to wear its feather as crown (Mor Mokut). It is also associated with the God Kartikeya, son of the Lord Shiva and Parvati and brother of Lord Ganesh. It is “Vaahan” (transport) of Lord Kartikeya. CONSERVATION STATUS

Extinct Threatened least concern

EX EW CR EN VU NT LC IUCN : Least Concern IWPA : Schedule I CITES : Not listed

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Habitat

Present survey of the peafowl in the buffer zone of the project site cleared that; peafowl is using both, village adjacent habitats and forest habitats of the buffer zone. However, the following points can give an insight on the overall status of peafowl in the study area and thereby plan for better management strategies related to proposed project activities.

People of the surveyed villages were well aware of the habits and habitats of peafowl in the study area. Moreover, local people are against hunting and poaching of the Peacocks. In the buffer zone, peafowl uses agriculture (adjacent to village) and forest habitats as a feeding and breeding ground. Some of the peacocks are taking shelter in the village adjacent habitats while some prefer to rocky forest hills. It clearly indicates that, peafowl normally uses human associated and forest habitats.

From above study, it has been visualized that, the proposed project will not have any significant impact on peacock in terms of their normal movements and other activities. However, it is necessity to take some management options like habitat improvement in the villages located in the vicinity of the project site. So, habitat improvement programme (plantation of local plant species) will be undertaken indifferent villages located in the close vicinity of the project area. Under this programme saplings will be distributed in the nearby villages with the consultation of the local forest department.

Threats Threats to the peacocks in the area are: 1) Habitat loss, specially the shortage of tall trees in and around the villages for roosting and for providing shade during hot summer months. 2) Shortage of drinking water for the birds during the hot summer days. 3) Casualties caused by eating chemically treated agricultural crop seeds. 4) Illegal hunting by some communities. In the study area, all the villages surveyed are against hunting or poaching of the people.

Conservation Measures/ Plan Proposed Direct and indirect approach is required to provide effective conservation, which is recommended as under: 1. Increasing the tree cover in the buffer area for shelter and roosting of peacocks. This will be achieved by planting of tree groves (a group of trees that grow close together, generally without many bushes or other plants) in buffer area. Some local species

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such as Neem, Siris, , Shesham, Meetha Jal, Peepal tree etc. will be planted. Planting of tree groves in school compounds in the villages of buffers area will be planted as per the plantation programme. 2. By conducting awareness programmes (community and school level) for conservation of peacocks in the area and also through organizing competitions during “Wildlife Week” and “Van Mahotsave” celebrations. 3. Some provision of rewards to informers for the control of poaching and illegal trade in wildlife. 4. Carrying out census and research projects to know the potential threats and population status of the species. 5. Provision of veterinary care and cages for injured or sick deformed birds. 6. Suggest strategies to minimize negative impacts of changing environment in nearby area of peacock populations and to promote conservation of peacock habitats. 7. Another way to help preserve the endangered species is to create society dedicated to ecological ethics. All the conservation measures will be implemented with the help of and in the consultation of the district forest department, Barmer (Raj.). 8. With the objective of effectively protecting the wild life and to control poaching, smuggling and illegal trade in wildlife and its derivatives, the Government of India enacted Wild Life (Protection) Act 1972. The Act was amended in January 2003 and punishment and penalty for offences under the Act have been made more stringent. For above mentioned activities, proponent has proposed a sum of Rs. 5,00,000/- for the “Peacock” conservation plan under the following heads up to three years in consultation of local forest department.

BUDGETARY PROVISION WITH SCHEDUL OF ACTIVITIES S. Activit Budget 1st year 2nd year 3rd year 4th year 5th year No y (INR)

1 Plantation, Water and Cash prizes to informer : approximately 200 tree/year of local plant species and their fencing, Providing water for water holes and repairing and maintenance of available ponds etc. for five years

Amount Rs. 50,000 50,000 50,000 50,000 50,000 2,50,000/- 1.Bhakarp 1.Bhadrai 1.Punjabe 1.Amliya 1.Dharnawa ura 2. Meethi ri 2.Khrawa s Villages 2.Ratanpur 2.Peeprali 2.Laxamanp a ura 2 Awareness programme for “Peacock” conservation will be scheduled in a year in schools

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of Ten villages and for villagers every year.

Amount Rs. 50,000 50,000 50,000 50,000 50,000

Schools 1.Bhakarp 1.Bhadra 1.Punjabe 1.Amliya 1.Dharnawas ura i ri 2,50,000/- 2.Khrawa 2.Laxamanpu 2.Ratanpur 2. 2.Peeprali ra a Meethi

Total Budget Rs. 5, 00,000/-

(Rupees Five lacs Only)

All above activities will be carried out with the consultation of local forest department and Gram panchayat of respective villages.

Plantation, Water and Cash prizes to informer: approximately 200 tree/year of local plant species and their fencing, providing water for water holes and repairing and maintenance of available ponds etc. for five years. Plants species / verities will be suggested by the local forest department and plant saplings will be distributed in project villages as per the above mentioned schedule (year wise). Awareness programme for “Peacock” conservation will be scheduled in a year in 10 schools (nearest to project site) schools every year.

During awareness programme following activities will be arranged at the various village level schools as mentioned above (year wise), · “Essay writing on Peacock” · “Drawing competition (Peacock picture)” · “Exhibition on peacock conservation”

Further Suggestions/recommendations:

ü To carry annual census research projects to ecology and habitat use by peacock. By making provision of veterinary care and cages for injured or sick deformed birds

9.7.4.2 CONSERVATION PLAN FOR Chinkara (Gazella bennetti)

CLASSIFICATION: Kingdom : Animalia Phylum : Chordata Class : Mammalia Order : Artiodactyla Family : Bovidae

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Subfamily : Antilopinae Genus : Gazella Species : G. bennettii Vernacular name : Chinkaraor Indian gazelle

This is the common antelope which found in the vicinity of settlements of ethical communities. The Chinkara is usually seen in small herds comprising not more than 7 or 8 individuals. The expelled bucks are often found in separate herds. Apart from this, single individuals are also a common occurrence (One individual was reported from core zone). The Chinkara, though seen roaming and feeding during daytime in the cultivated fields and generally prefers leaves of Crotalaria burhia, Zizipus nummularia and flowers of Tecomella undulata in post-monsoon and winter seasons but during summer Elusine compressa, Maytenus emarginata, Zizipus nummularia, Prosopis cineraria and Heliotropium spp. appear to be the most preferred food. They are maintaining the water balance from the moisture leaden plants and tender parts. This ensures reasonably large contribution to their overall water balance, which supports their presence in the remote desert parts.

Group of Chinkara in the the study area

Study Approach A group of 2-3 individuals were observed in the Buffer zone of the study area has been reported as a habitat of Schedule I species commonly known as Chinkara, more

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effort was made to assess their status in term of movements and habitat use in and around the study area. At first, a detailed biological survey of the core zone and buffer zone (10 km radius from periphery of the proposed river bed sand mining project) was carried out to understand the status distribution of the species in the study area. Also, questionnaire survey was carried out to understand the recent status of Chinkara sightings and their movements. Overall, 10 people from five villages were interviewed randomly. The conclusion of the survey discussed the potential sightings & habitat use, and movement and food habits of Chinkara in the study area.

Physical Traits Standing at a height of 65 cm, Indian gazelle comes across as smaller than many other species of deer. Its coat is covered with smooth and glossy fur, which is reddish- brown in color. The belly of the gazelles is white and they weigh around 23-25 kg. There are dark chestnut stripes on the sides of the face that stretch on from the corner of the eye to the muzzle. The muzzle is also bordered by white stripes. Chinkara also has horns, which have an average length of 30 cm Behavior Chinkara is a very shy animal and tries to stay as far from human settlement as possible. It is mainly seen roaming alone in the wild. However, at times, one can see Indian gazelles in small groups, comprising of upto 4 animals. One of the unique characteristics of the Indian gazelle is that it can survive without water for days at a stretch. The need for fluids is met through plants and dewdrops.

Habitat Use All the direct sightings of the Chinkara were located near the Scrubland, Prosopis- Ziziphus - Caparis type habitat. This species is well adapted to natural village environment setting. According to the villagers, Chinkara is present in both, nearby village area and other scrubland areas.

Mating Behavior There is no fixed breeding season for the gazelles of India. However, they usually mate somewhere around autumn and spring. The gestation period lasts for five and a half months. Reproduction: Sexual Maturity: At two years of age. Life span: Unknown.

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Gestation Period: About five to five and a half months. Young per Birth: Generally 1, but twins have been reported quite frequently. Food Habits It changes its food choice time to time and fed on variety of plants like, Calotropis procera, Calligonum polygonoides, Acacia senegal, Prosopis cineraria, Acacia jacquemontii, Tecomella undulata, Salvadora oleoides and Ziziphus nummularia.

Conservation Status

IUCN : Least Concern (IUCN ver. 3.1) IWPA : Schedule I CITES : Not listed

Threats

Threats to the Chinkara in the area are: 5) Habitat loss, specially the shortage of scrubland (Prosopis- Ziziphus type) in and around the villages for providing shade during hot summer months. 6) Shortage of drinking water for the animal during the hot summer days. 7) Casualties caused by eating chemically treated agricultural crop seeds. 8) Illegal hunting by some communities. In the study area, all the villages surveyed are against hunting or poaching of the people. Chinkara conservation plan has to address these threats.

Conservation Measures Direct and indirect approach is required to provide effective conservation, which is recommended as under: 1. The awareness about the various laws and acts of Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, in the local community is lacking. Proper sensitization regarding the pros and cons of such could divert them from poaching. 2. A proper rehabilitation strategy is a must for various tribal communities actively engaged in poaching, as these tribes do not change their profession even after repetitive confiscation also. 3. Increasing the tree cover in the buffer area for shelter and food for Chinkara. This will be achieved by planting of tree groves (a group of trees that grow close together, generally without many bushes or other plants) in buffer area. Some local species such as Babool, Khejari, Jaal, Peelu Ber trees will be planted. Planting of tree groves

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in school compounds in the villages of buffers area will be planted as per the plantation programme. 4. By conducting awareness programmes (community and school level) for conservation of Chinkara in the area and also through organizing competitions during “Wildlife Week” and “Van Mahotsave” celebrations. 5. Some provision of rewards to informers for the control of poaching and illegal trade in wildlife. 6. Carrying out census and research projects to know the potential threats and population status of the species. 7. Provision of veterinary care for injured or sick animal. 8. Suggest strategies to minimize negative impacts of changing environment in nearby area of Chinkara populations and to promote conservation of Chinkara habitats. 9. Another way to help preserve the endangered species is to create society dedicated to ecological ethics. All the conservation measures will be implemented with the help of and in the consultation of the district forest department, Tonk (Raj.). 10. Wildlife conservation and its importance is must to teach the school children. The awareness from such level could give better result. Curriculum of environment studies should include more chapters on the local wildlife, rather the national and international issues.

All above activities will be carried out with the consultation of local forest department and Gram panchayat of respective villages.

1. Plantation- approximately 300 tree/year plants of local and native plant species for five years. Plants species / verities will be suggested by the local forest department and plant saplings will be distributed in project villages as per the above mentioned schedule (year wise). Awareness programme for “Chinkara” conservation will be scheduled in a year in five (nearest to project site) schools every year.

During awareness programme following activities will be arranged at the various village level schools as mentioned above (year wise), · “Essay writing on Chinkara” · “Drawing competition (Chinkara picture)

Further Suggestions/recommendations:

ü To carry annual census research projects to ecology and habitat use by Chinkara. ü By making provision of veterinary care injured or sick deformed Chinkara.

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The proponent has proposed a sum of Rs. 4, 30,000/- for the “Chinkara” conservation plan under the following heads:

Table No 9.3 BUDGETARY ALLOCATIONS FOR CONSERVATION OF SCHEDULED FAUNA

S. Work or Activity Year wise expenditure in Rs. No I year II year III year IV year V year

1 Plantation- 100 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000 trees (Cost of sapling will be changed per year)

2 Digging cost of pit 30,000 35,000 40,000 45,000 50,000

3 Small water tank 60,000 15,000 15,000 15,000 15,000 or tanka – 50 in number @ 1000/- (Repair & (Repair & ( Repair & ( Repair & per tank maintenance maintenance maintenance maintenance cost) cost ) cost ) cost)

4 Awareness 8,000 9,000 10,000 11,000 12,000 programme for “Chinkara” conservation will be scheduled in 3 months.

5 Cash prizes @ 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 1000 in a year will be awarded to the informer of poachers.

Total 1,08,000 70,000 77,000 84,000 91,000

Total budget for five years 4, 30,000

CONCLUSION The present study of Biological Impact Assessment (BIA) with the objective is to minimize environmental impacts as discussed. The study covers all possible environmental issues involved in the project and the necessary control measures. The present study reveals that only local and native species of plants (Trees, shrubs, herbs and grasses) were present at the buffer zone of mining site. No adverse impact of mining site was noticed on the flora present nearby area of mines.

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Only Peacocks and Chinkara were observed in the buffer zone and no other faunal species of schedule I were recorded. Therefore, conservation plan will be suggested. The habitats of human beings were far from the mining site therefore the air pollution and other environmental Impact will be negligible. Taking appropriate mitigation measures for enhances the surrounding environment of the mining site and the nearby area is our sole responsibility for the “Sustainable Environment”.

9.8 SOCIO – ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT 9.8.1 Management Plan for Socio-Economic Environment The environmental management plan has been developed with a view to bring down the levels of impacts as discussed in the last chapter within limits. In each of the areas of impact, measures have to be taken to reduce potentially significant adverse impacts and where these are beneficial in nature, such impacts are to be enhanced/ augmented so that the overall adverse impacts are reduced to as low level as possible. For the socio economic development about 48 lacs will be spent up to operational phase. There will be over all positive effect on social life on the local people, as they will get job opportunity, transport and medical facilities so the mining activities will benefit them directly or indirectly. 1. Ordinary sand production and employment opportunities. 2. Reduction in the migration of jobless laborers from native place to other distant places. 3. Interaction of local people with outsides, and improvement in communication, which will enhance their present status of knowledge and confidence.

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Table: 9.4 Details about CSR Particulars Activity Rs in Lacs Capital Recurring Cost Cost Education Ø Distribution of uniform. Bags and 10.0 2.0 study material to school children, Ø Renovation of school building. Ø Distribution of sports goods in school children. Ø Books/Chemicals/sports kits to school library/laboratory/ school department. Health Ø General health camps for near by 10.0 2.0 villagers. Ø Eye check up camps. Ø Distribution of medicines free of cost. Infrastructure Ø Renovation of nearby community 3.0 0.6 Developement hall, school buildings, Aganbari Center, repair of school terrace. Ø Construction of washroom in govt. school near villages. Drinking water Ø Support for supply of drinking 5.0 0.7 & other water. facilities. Ø Construction of sanitation facilities in govt. school. Training Ø Vocatonal training to persons for 5.0 0.6 income generation NGO Ø Assistance to self help groups. 5.0 0.7 Ø Surveillance programmeof the workers 10.0 2.0 Total 48.0 8.6

Employment The mining operations will employ about total 131 persons. Preference will be given to the local population while inducting any manpower. The future mining activity would provide indirect employment to a large number of local population in activities like planting and watering of trees for greenbelt development. Business Promotion While offloading the jobs to outside parties’ preference will be given to the local people.

9.9 OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH Safety of employee during mining operation and maintenance of mining equipment will be taken care as per MMR 1961 & MCDR 1988. To avoid any adverse effect on the health of workers due to dust, noise sufficient measures have been provided in the mining project.

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Table9.6: Occupational Health Impact and Measures Anticipated occupational Health Proposed mitigation measures and Safety Impacts Lung disease and respiratory Ø Dust mask will be provided to the workers. disorder due to dust esxposure Ø Precautions will be adopted to prevent dust generation at site and dispersing in the environment. Ø Air emission control system such as water sprinkling, green belt development. Ø Free Silica analysis of mineral will be done. Ø Budget of pollution control i.e dust suppression by water sprinkling is proposed in EMP. Noise Ø Ear muff will be provided Ø Good Maintance of vehicles Accident at site Ø PPEs will be provided to the workers likely hand gloves,safety shoes etc Others Ø Awareness program/training programme will be organized for workers for occupational safety. Ø Smoking and tobacco will be banned at site.

Ø Provision of rest shelters for mine workers with amenities like drinking water, toilets etc. Ø Provision of personal protection devices to the workers. Ø Dust suppression on haul road. Ø First-aid box available near the mining area. Following measures will be taken for health and safety purpose:- · Pre-placement and medical examination will be conducted as per Rule 29(b) of The Mine Rule, 1955. · Pre-placement health checkup will be made mandatory and periodic health checkup will be done. · Medical records of each employee will be maintained separetaly and will be updated as required. · Medical examination of workers including chest X-ray of employee will be taken. · They will be given vocational training at the regular interval. · They will be provided with personal protective equipment’s(PPE) like helmets, safety shoes,dust mask etc. · Initial and periodical medical checkup will be conducted for the employers working in the mine as per the Mine Rule 1955. · Occupational health surveillance program will be done periodically to check any contraction due to the exposure of dust. · All the workers will get benefit of Group Insurance Scheme.

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· Common vocational training center will be set up at district level from time to time to train the workers. · Their living standard will be improved by providing them the facilities of schools,hospitals,garden,sanitation,drinking water etc. 9.10 PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY Ø The most common disease in this region are common cold and cough,malaria, entric fever like typhoid. Ø In this proposed project ,impact on the health of public has been assessed and the remedial measures for air emissions,noise control will be taken up in the villages. Ø Adverse health impact will be due to air pollution,noise pollution etc.

Ø All control measures for air emissions,noise control will be taken to strictly comply with norms. Periodical free health camps will be taken up in the villages. Measures:- - Tractor trolley will be covered by tarpaulin covers to control the air pollution. - Catalyze combustion fitted with tractor trolley and silencers to air pollution. - All transportation vehicles carry a valid PUC Certificates to noise pollution. - Mininmun use of horns and speed limit of 10 km/hr in the village area to noise ollution. About 10.0 Lacs will be spent for free medicine facility will be provided to the public.

9.11 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL Apart from having an EMP, it is also necessary to have a permanent organizational set up charged with the task of ensuring its effective implementation. The Applicant will undertake to monitor the environmental pollution levels by measuring ambient air quality, water and effluent quality, noise levels etc., by appointing external agencies. The applicant will ensure that the pollution is limited to allowable values and to take corrective action if required. In case the monitored results of environmental pollution are found to exceed the allowable values, the Environmental Management Cell will suggest remedial action and get these suggestions implemented through the concerned departments. The Environmental Management Cell will also co-ordinate all the related activities such as collection of statistics of health of workers and population of the region, afforestation and green belt development

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Environmental Management Cell

Chief Executive officer

Env. Officer(M.Sc. Env Geologist /Mines Manager/Assi.M.M

Monitoring of Air, Noise, Soil and

Figure 9.1: Envioronment Management Cell

9.11.1 Aesthetic Environment The plantation of a number of various species in the proposed area for plantation will improve the aesthetic environment over this area.

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CHAPTER – X SUMMARY & CONCLUSION 10.1 INTRODUCTION Applicant has proposed the ordinary sand (Bajri) production capacity 50.40 LTPA to Mine (Area 5151.6828 Ha) near Village: Gandhav Khurd, Paliyasi, Dangriya, Padrali Kalla,Gadevi, Banta, Aalpura, Mithari, Sidhasava Chouhan, Bhakharpura,Gudamalani, Ratanpura, Degwas Charnan, Dedawas Jagir, Nagar, Galiya Kalla, Dhandlawas, Modawas,Junakheda,Tunkiya, Jalikheda, Khudala, Lolawa, Goliya jeevraj, Bhatala,Sada, Mandawala, Paila Kalla, Darguda, Paila Khurd, Dangwa, Amarpura, Bhalkhadi, Gadesara, Sindhari Chousira, Bhuka Bhagatsingh, Bhuka Thansingh Manawas, Gangali, Karna, Dandali, Girli charnan, Aamjar, Gandhav kalla, Tehsil –Gudha malani and sindhari, District – Barmer, Rajasthan. As per the New Notification 14th September 2006, this project falls in Category ‘A’ and therefore this project requires Environmental Clearance from EAC (mining) of EAC, New Delhi. ‘Terms of References’ (ToR) presentation for the project have been done at EAC, New Delhi, before Expert Appraisal Committee and the committee has suggested Terms of References (ToR) vide EAC, New Delhi, vide Letter No. J- 11015/216/2013-IA-II (M), dated 14.10.2013 to be incorporated in this report. 10.2 AVAILABLITY OF FUNDS FOR ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION MEASURES 10.2.1 Funds for Green Belt Protection The management of river bed lease mine is very conscious to minimize the existing pollution load in the applied lease area. A thick canopy cover of green belt will be developed as discussed in the earlier chapters. Over 30000 numbers of trees/year will be planted and budgetery provision allocated about Rs. 9.70 Lac per annum . 10.2.2 Funds for Dust Suppression Water is spread around the mining area through tankers to control the dust suppression. An amount of Rs. 5.50 lacs will be spent every year.

10.3 DETAILS OF THE PROJECT TABLE 10.1: PROJECT DETAILS Name of project River Bed mining project of Ordinary Sand

Name of River Gair mumkin Nadi and Nallah of about 45 No’s revenue village of Tehsil Gudamalani, District Barmer Village neaby lease area 45 No Tehsil Gudha malani and Sindhari District Barmer

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State Rajasthan Latitude 24059’12.41”N to 25048’44.51” N. Longitude 71040’58.06”E to 71058’23.57”E Area of the Mine 5151.6828 Ha Manpower (proposed) 131 Water Requirement 10 KLD Green Belt Development 300 Ha. (proposed)

Capital Cost of the 80 Lac Project

Budget EMP per annum Capital: 21.20 Recuring: 5.70 proposed in Total : 26.90 lac Corporate Social 56.60 Responsibilty per annum Conservation of 9.30 Schedule Fauna for five year

10.4 IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE 10.4.1 Monitoring Programme The implementation of these mitigation measures, it is important to monitor various environmental parameters so as to ensure proper working of all the environmental control measures. This section presents the monitoring schedule and infrastructural requirement for environmental protection in given below table. TABLE 10.2: MONITORING SCHEDULE FORENVIRONMENTALPARAMETERS Particulars Monitoring Duration Important Monitoring Frequencies of Station Parameters

Surface/ Yearly Grab pH, SS, TDS, Iron, Hardness, Ground water Alkalinity Chlorides, Nitrates Sulphate & Flourides (As per requirement of EC/ CTO) Ambient air Quarterly 24 hr. PM10, SOx and NOx ((As per monitoring requirement of EC/ CTO)

Noise Quarterly - - Level in dB(A) and dB(C) Pollution ((As per requirement of EC/ CTO) Soil Quarterly - PH, Conductivity, Sulphate, sampling Nitrate, Phosphates, Alkalinity & Texture ((As per requirement of EC/ CTO)

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10.5 BUDGETARY PROVISION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT The below table give overall investment on the environmental safeguards and recurring expenditure for successful monitoring and implementation of control measures. TABLE 10.3: COST OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MEASURES Capital Cost Recurring cost S.No. Particulars (in Rs. Lac) (in Rs. Lac) 1 Pollution Monitoring-Air, Water, 5.0 1.0 Noise& Soil etc 2 Water Sprinkling/Dust suppression 4.0 1.5 4 Plantation including maintenance 8.70 2.0 5 Rainwater harvesting (Water storage 1.50 0.60 tank etc.) 6 Haul road and other roads repair and 2.0 0.60 maintenance Total 21.20 5.70

10.6 GREENBELT DEVELOPMENT The project Applicant has planned to develop 300 ha along the raod, applied lease area and other land identified with the help of local authorities and propole under social forestry.This will help in reducing the spread of pollutants and will also be effective in attenuating noise levels. 10.7 RECOMMENDATION M/s Enviro Concept (I) Pvt. Ltd. survey reveals that the management will stress on improvement of Environment. Regular water spraying will be practiced. The management will provide ear muffs, shoes, train the person for their use and helmets to the workers in the mine. The regular medical check-up of workers will be carried out. Green belt development is to be stressed and workers must be motivated for plantation care. The general environmental awareness will be given to the local workers. Regular maintenance of vehicles will be carried out. Slogans of Environment, health & safety will be displayed in the local language. The verbal interactions with neighboring villagers reveal that due to river bed mining no impact on water level is antibuted. Hence significantly no impact will be there due to mining activity. However, the mine is fresh area and no significant problems are reported by the villagers. The management must keenly celebrate the importance of World Environment Day to create awareness amongst the workers. Conservation of soil and water must be emphasized not only at works but also at their own place. With the proposal of Environment management plan and intention of continual improvement the mine may be accorded environmental clearance. ======********======

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CHAPTER– XI DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT ENGAGED

Name of the Project: River Sand Mining at Revenue village of Tehsil: Gudha Malani and sindhari, District: Barmer (Raj.) Project Proponent : Sh. Bharat Singh Shekhawat Approvals, if any from (NABL/ Nature of Name and address of the DGMS/ IBM/ NRBPT/ MOEF/ consultancy Consultant/expert CPCB/others etc)*, give reference Enviro Concept(I) Pvt Ltd EIA/ EMP 1/3 A, Yudhister Marg, Organization C-Scheme,Jaipur Env. Coordinator Mr. Devendra Goyal FAE-LU Dr. K.N.Joshi Mr. Devendra Goyal FAE-AP ISO 9000-2008 certified. Ghanshyam Das EMS 14001:2004 FAE-AQ Ghanshyam Das Mr. A.K.Seth Accredited vide145th meeting held FAE-WP Associate FAE: RK Kumawat on 12th March, 2015 FAE-EB Dr. P.Lata.Sharma Dr. Devendra Goyal FAE-NV Associate FAE: RK Kumawat FAE-SE Dr.K.N.Joshi FAE-HG Dr. M.L.Jhanwar FAE-G Dr. M.L.Jhanwar Mr. Deepak Sharma FAE-RH

Soil Conservation Mr. O.P.Mathur FAE-SHW Mr. Devendra Goyal Environmental Noida Testing Monitoring & Laboratories.Greater Noida analysis

I, hereby, certify that I was a part of the EIA team in the following capacity that developed the above EIA. EIA Coordinator Name Devendra Goyal Signature & Date Period of involvement Oct 2013- Till now Contact information 0141-2223290, 9829118043

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POINT TO BE CLARIFIED TO THE EXPERT APPRAISAL COMMITTEE, (EAC), MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT FORESTS & CLIMATE CHANGE (MOEF&CC), NEW DELHI AS PER THE APPROVED TOR FOR RIVER BED MINING OF SAND OF SHRI BHARAT SINGH, TEHSIL – GUDHA MALANI & SINDHARI, OF DISTRICT – BARMER, STATE – RAJASTHAN, APPLIED LEASE AREA – 5151.6828 HA COVERING 45 VILLAGES FALLING ALONG THE LUNI RIVER. S. No TOR Condition Compliance Status 1 Year-wise production details LOI for Mining Lease for 5151.6828 Ha. area has been granted in since 1994 onwards should be favour of Mr Bharat Singh Shekhawat vide Letter No P.8 (19) given clearly stating the Khan/Group-2/2013 dated 27.02.2013 highest production achieved in As per supreme court order dated 25.11.2013 in civil appeal any one year prior to 1994. It no.(s)9703-9706 of 2013 between Chief Secretary,Govt. of Rajasthan may also be categorically versus National Green Tribunal Bar Association & ORS of SLP @ no. informed whether there had 34811 of 2013, the production was started and is given below: been any increase in production after the EIA S.No Year Production (Tone) Notification, 1994 coming into Total till 31st March 2274262 force w.r.t the highest 2015 production achieved prior to Orders attached as Annexure XX 1994. 2 A Copy of the document in LOI for Mining Lease for 5151.6828 Ha. area has been granted in support of the fact that the favor of Mr Bharat Singh Shekhawat vide Letter No P.8 (19) proponent is the rightful lessee Khan/Group-2/2013 dated 27.02.2013.And copy of the same is of the mine should be given. enclosed as Annexure-2. 3 All documents including All documents including approved Mine Plan, EIA and public hearing approved mine plan, EIA and are compatible with one another in terms of the production levels, public hearing should be waste generation and its management and mining technology. compatible with one another in S.No TOPIC TOR MINING PLAN terms of the mine lease area, 1 AREA 5151.6828 5151.6828 production levels, waste generation and its 2 PRODUCTION 50.40 LTPA 50.40 LTPA management and mining 3 WATER 10 KLD 10 KLD technology and should be in DEMAND the name of the lessee.

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4 All corner coordinates of the All corner coordinates of the applied lease area, and along with other mine lease area, superimposed ecological features of the study area (core and buffer zone) on a High Resolution superimposed on a high resolution imagery/toposheet.`-+ Imagery/toposheet should be Latitude Longitude provided. Such an Imagery of 25059’12.41N to 71040’58.06 E to the proposed area should 25048’44.51” N 710 58’23.57” E clearly show the land use and S.No River Latitude Longitude other ecological features of the 1 Block-1 25030’9.8’’N to 71046’0.4’’N to study area (core and buffer 25030’21.1’’N 71046’5.2’’N zone). 2 Block-2 25029’47.0’’N to 71046’5.3’’N to 25029’56.1’’N 71046’7.5’’N 3 Block-3 25029’18.6’’N to 71045’28.6’’Nto 25029’25.60’’N 71045’37.1’’N 4 Block-4 25028’17.90’’N to 71045’2.9’’N to 25028’28.26’’N 71045’3.8’’N Imagery of study area shows as Figure 2 2 and Toposheet also enclosed as Annex-XIII with marks of co-ordinates in core and buffer area.

5 Does the company have a well Yes, Company has a well laid down Environment Policy i.e. laid down Environment Policy · Promote environmental awareness among the employees and approved by its Board of encourage them to work in an environmentally responsible Directors? If so, it may be spelt manner. out in the EIA report with · Trained, educate and inform our employees about description of the prescribed environmental issues that may affect their work. operating process/procedures · Where required by legislation or where significant health, to bring into focus any safety or environmental hazards exist, develop and maintain infringement/deviation/violatio appropriate emergency and spill response programs. n of the environmental or Non Compliance Reporting Procedure:- forest norms/ conditions? The Ø The applicant has well defined procedures to bring into focus hierarchical system or any infringement/deviation/violation of the environmental and administrative order of the forest norms. Company to deal with the Ø The hierarchical system to deal with the environmental issues environmental issues and for and for ensuring compliance with the environmental clearance ensuring compliance with the conditions. EC conditions may also be Ø Quarterly communication to the Board of Directors given. The system of reporting /Stakeholders regarding performance of mining on of non- environment measures. compliances/violationsof Separate Environmental Policy enclosed as Annex-XVII environmental norms to the Board of Directors of the Company and/or shareholders or stakeholders at large may also be detailed in the EIA report

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6 Issues relating to Mine Safety, Mining i.e. removal / collection of sand will be carried out by open including subsidence study, cast semi – mechanized only. So no subsidence study is required. No blasting study etc. should be drilling and blasting will be carried out. detailed. The proposed Ø Mining will be done as per approved mining plan & safeguard measures in each progressive mine closure plan. case should also be provided Ø All safety measures will be adopted at the time of operational phase as it is river bed mining. Ø It will be implemented to prevent restrict access to excavation area by unauthorized person as per Mines Act 1952;MMR, 1961. Ø Removal/ collection of sand (Bajri) will be up to 3 meter depth and 20.0 m offset has been left for the safety of river bank. Ø Protective equipment like dust musk, goggles ear plug/ muffs and other equipment will be provided all workers. Safety measures discussed in Chapter – 9. 7 The study area will comprise of Ø The study area comprise of 10.0 km radius from the periphery 10 km zone around the mine of the mining lease. Map enclosed as Annex. XIII, lease from lease periphery and Ø No overburden and waste will be generated during mining the data contained in the EIA activities.. such as waste generation etc should be for the life of the mine / lease period.

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8 Land use of the study area Ø The land use of the study area which shows forest area, delineating forest area, agriculture land, water bodies, human settlement etc. has been agricultural land, grazing land, given at chapter III of EIA/EMP report. wildlife sanctuary, national Ø Land use plan of the study area:- park, migratory routes of S. Area fauna, water bodies, human Class Area (%) settlements and other No. (Hectare) ecological features should be 1 Road 403.33 0.16 indicated. Land use plan of the 2 Water Body 7201.9828 3.93 mine lease area should be 3 Plantation 185.01 0.07 prepared to encompass 4 Open Scrub Land 7777.38 3.14 preoperational, operational and 5 Settlements 1593.45 0.64 post operational phases and 6 Rocky Area 173.49 0.07 submitted. 7 Saline Area 674.58 0.27 9 Sand dunes Area 39813.93 16.06 10 Forest/ Jungle Area 821.82 0.33 12 Agriculture Fallow 186725.9 75.32 Land Total 247915.94 100 The map showing land use of study area is given as Fig. 3.2 Ø National Park, Wildlife Sanctuary, Migratory routes of fauna and National Monument not present within 10km periphery of the lease area, G.T. sheet and satellite imaginary available. Ø Following is the Land use pattern of the mine lease area at present along with the end of 5 years as below:

At the end Present land At the end of S. No. Particulars of 5th year use (Ha) 3rd year (Ha) (Ha) 1 Mine area 500 854 1090 2 Dump area 0.0 - - Safety Perman zone ent 9.7386 266.9353 266.9353 3 Roads (6no.) Infrastructure (office, 4 - - - temp, shelter etc) 5 Mineral Storage - - - 6 Plantation - - - Un worked 3794.747 7 4641.9442 4030.7475 4 5051.682 Total 5051.6828 5051.6828 8 Change of Land use:-

The applied river bed lease area consists of Gair Mumkin nadi. No forest land, grazing land & agricultural land involved. There will not be any permanent change in land use in the core zone, as mining activity involves collection of sand (Bajri). Plantation will be done around the applied lease area

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9 Details of the land for any Over Burden Ø There will not be any O/B or waste generated during Dumps outside the mine lease, such as course of sand (Bajri) mining. extent of land area, distance from mine Ø As the mining is in river bed classified as Gair lease, its land use, R&R issues, if any, Mumkin Nadi & Nalla. Hence no R&R plan is should be given. required. 10 A Certificate from the Competent The applied lease area is part of Gair Mumkin Nadi & Nalla Authority in the State Forest Department as per revenue record. No forest land involved in the applied should be provided, confirming the lease area. Request letter for NOC and authenticity of involvement of forest land, if any, in the biodiversity study is attached as Annexure XVIII. project area. In the event of any contrary claim by the Project Proponent regarding the status of forests, the site may be inspected by the State Forest Department along with the Regional Office of the Ministry to ascertain the status of forests, based on which, the Certificate in this regard as mentioned above be issued. In all such cases, it would be desirable for representative of the State Forest Department to assist the Expert Appraisal Committees. 11 Status of forestry clearance for the As the applied lease area is part of Gair Mumkin Nadi & broken up area and virgin forestland Nallah as per revenue record. No forest land involved in involved in the Project including proposed lease area. Letter for certification of map is deposition of net present value (NPV) attached as Annexure XVIII and compensatory afforestation (CA) should be indicated. A copy of the forestry clearance should also be furnished. 12 Implementation status of recognition of The area is not covered under Scheduled Tribes and other forest rights under the Scheduled Tribes Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) and other Traditional Forest Dwellers Act, 2006. Hence, it is not applicable. (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 should be indicated 13 The vegetation in the RF / PF No forest area located in study area. However, some unclassified areas in the study area, with forest area i.e. Open, Mixed and Dense Jungle observed as follows: necessary details, should be 1 Open Jungle -1km-West direction given. 2.Dense Jungle-0.5 km-East 3.Open mixed Jungle-0.5Km-west

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14 A study shall be got done to It is a dry river bed and the proposed project activity will be confined ascertain the impact of the to core zone due to this no impact on wildlife of the area and also no Mining Project on wildlife of endangered species found in the area. the study area and details furnished. Impact of the project Anticipated impact The flora & fauna in the core zone are so on the wildlife in the on flora & fauna common that they could be found in all surrounding and any other similar areas. So, no reduction in species protected area and accordingly diversity & no specific mitigation measures detailed mitigative measures are proposed. required, should be worked out Habitat loss or The proposed mining activity will not with cost implications and fragmentation change the existing land use of the area as submitted. it is river bed which would be replenished by natural means. Thus no habitat loss or fragmentation is envisaged. Additional risk to There are no rare, endangered, endemic rare or endangered species in the core as well as buffer area. or endemic or So no damage is going to be done on such threatened life forms, which require protection by the There are no rare, proposed project. endangered, endemic and threatened species

15 Location of National Parks, Sanctuaries, National parks, Sanctuaries, Biosphere Reserves, Wildlife Biosphere Reserves, Wildlife Corridors, corridors, Tiger/Elephant reserves (existing as well as Tiger/Elephant Reserves/Critically proposed) not present within 10 km of the applied mine Polluted Areas/Aravalli (existing as lease as per the primary survey and the available secondary well as proposed), if any, within 10 km data. of the mine lease should be clearly Total unclassified forest (Jungle) is 821.82 Hect .(0.33%) of indicated, supported by a location map total study area 247916.0 Hect duly authenticated by Chief Wildlife 1 Open Jungle -1km-West direction Warden. Necessary clearance, as may 2.Dense Jungle-0.5 km-East be applicable to such projects due to 3.Open mixed Jungle-0.5Km-west proximity of the ecologically sensitive Details map on 1:50000 with marking of Jungles located in areas as mentioned above, should be study area is encloses as Annex-XXI obtained from the State Wildlife same was submitted to concern department for Department/Chief Wildlife Warden authentication vide letter No. Nil Dated 29.12.2014 under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 and copy furnished.

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16 A detailed biological study of A detailed biological study for the study area [core and buffer zone the study area [core zone and (10 km radius of the periphery of the mine lease)] has been carried out buffer zone (10 km radius of in October-November & December, 2013, and the details are given in the periphery of the mine , Chapter-3 of Final EIA/EMP report. lease)] shall be carried out. Details of flora and fauna, duly Details of flora and fauna of core & buffer zone are given in Section authenticated, separately for III. core and buffer zone should be furnished based on such During the survey fauna of Schedule – I (Peacock and Chinkara) has primary field survey, clearly been found. indicating the Schedule of the fauna present. In case of any Allocation of funds for the Conservation of Scheduled-I fauna found in the Peacock and Chinkara is allocated Rs 9,30,000 per annum study area, the necessary plan for their conservation should The money for implementation of the conservation plan may be made be prepared in consultation available to the Department in advance, each year, through the head of with State Forest and Wildlife EMG Cell proposed by project management.. Department and details furnished. Necessary allocation List of Flora & Fauna for core & buffer zone has been submitted to of funds for implementing the authenticatation to concern DFO vide letter No. Nil dated 29.12.2014 same should be made as part of enclosed as Annexure No. XVII the project cost. 17 Proximity to Areas declared as There are no critically polluted areas as notified by the Central ‘Critically Polluted’ or the Pollution Control board are located within 10 km radius from the Project areas likely to come boundary of applied mining lease area. The applied lease area does under the ‘Aravali Range’, not fall under ‘Aravali Range’. (attracting court restrictions for Clearance certificate for project not come under the “Aravali Range” mining operations), should also from the State Mining Department enclosed as Annexure No :VI be indicated and where so required, clearance certifications from the prescribed Authorities, such as the SPCB or State Mining Dept. Should be secured and furnished to the effect that the proposed mining activities could be considered. 18 Similarly, for coastal Projects, The proposed river bed mining project does not fall under CRZ. A CRZ map duly authenticated by one of the authorized agencies demarcating LTL. HTL, CRZ area, location of the mine lease w.r.t CRZ, coastal features such as mangroves, if any, should be furnished. (Note: The Mining Projects falling under CRZ would also need to obtain approval of the concerned Coastal Zone Management Authority).

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19 R&R Plan/compensation The Mining lease is river bed classified as Gair Mumkin Nadi Nallah. details for the Project Affected Hence, no R & R issues are involved in the core zone. About 131 People (PAP) should be people will be employed in mining project. Summary of census furnished. While preparing the records are:- R&R Plan, the relevant Demographic Parameters Detail State/National Rehabilitation & Resettlement Policy should be Total Area in Hectares 5151.6828 kept in view. In respect of SCs No’s of Village 357 /STs and other weaker sections No. of Households 31855 of the society in the study area, Total Population 375659 a need based sample survey, Sex ratio (No. of female/1000 914 family-wise, should be males) undertaken to assess their Scheduled castes (%) 16.87 requirements, and action programmes prepared and Scheduled Tribes (%) 5.18 submitted accordingly, Literate (%) 45.91 integrating the sectoral Total Worker 180452 (48.04%) programmes of line Main Worker 118122(65.46%) Marginal Worker 62330 (34.54%) departments of the State Government. It may be clearly brought out whether the village located in the mine lease area will be shifted or not. The issues relating to shifting of Village including their R&R and socio-economic aspects should be discussed in the report.

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20 One season (non-monsoon) One season primary baseline data on ambient air quality, water primary baseline data on quality, noise quality, Soil quality & flora & Fauna (Post- ambient air quality (PM10, Monsoon’2013 The summary of the data is given in chapter – 3 of SO2 and NOx), water quality, EIA/EMP report. The location of Environmental Monitoring Location noise level, soil and flora and to represent whole of the study area are given follows: fauna shall be collected and the AAQ and other data so Monitoring Direct Date ion Co-ordinates compiled presented date-wise Location Name From (Latitude/Longitude) in the EIA and EMP Report. Lease Site-specific meteorological Area Month data should also be collected. Maliyon Ki Dhani of North-West 25°34'11.84"N / 71°52'12.07"E The location of the monitoring Octob stations should be such as to Tunkiya er- North-West 25°30’11.72”N/ 71°56’14.26”E Dece Amarpura South 25°20’07.65”N/ 71°51’05.19’’E represent whole of the study mber area and justified keeping in Madara 2013 West 25 °56’32.18”N/72°18’48.59”E view the pre-dominant Kharal West 25 °11’19.04”N/71°42’37.40”E downwind direction and location of sensitive receptors. Mangala Ki Dhani East 25 °20’09.74”N/72°24’31.49”E There should be at least one Rampura West 25° 7'31.76"N / 71°38'44.46"E monitoring station within 500 Gudhamalani East 25° 6'26.66"N / 71°48'47.27"E m of the mine lease in the pre- Nausar Month West 25o46’37.29”N/71°52’35.01”E of dominant downwind direction. Sindhari 25 o 33’54.15N / 71°55’34.69E May, North The mineralogical composition 2015 Lohira 26 °36’06.24”N/71°58’11.70”E East of PM10, particularly for free silica, should be given. Khara Mochecha 25 °31’46.42”N/71°59’15.50”E East

Motisara 25 °27’32.14”N/71°54’06.73”E West

Panyala Khurd South- 25°29’07.34”N/71°51’46.99”E West Sara 25°24’43.88”N/71°50’53.72”E North

Chhajala 25 °19’54.09”N/71°56’13.64”E South-East

Bhatala 25 °23’47.30”N/71°49’33.61”E North-West

Goliya Kalan North 25 °27’81.57”N/71°85’12.0”E

Near project site is set 500m of the mine lease in the pre-dominant downwind direction. Ambient Air Quality Monitoring reveals that the minimum & maximum concentrations of PM10 amongst all the 8 AQ monitoring stations were found to be 60.1 µ/m3 at AQ4,5 & 8 and 69.9 µg/m3 at AQ2,3 & 4, respectively. As far as the gaseous pollutants SO2 and NO2 are concerned, the prescribed CPCB limit of 80µg/m3 for residential and rural areas has never surpassed at any station. The minimum concentrations of SO2 were found to be 12.02 µg/m3 at AQ7 and however maximum concentration of SO2 was found to be 18.0 µg/m3 at AQ3. The minimum & maximum concentrations of NO2 were found to be 12.1 µg/m3 at AQ2 and 27.9 µg/m3 at AQ1 respectively.

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FREE SILICA IN PM10

The free silica content observed in the study area was found to vary between 2.6 µg/m3 to 4.7 µg/m3. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) recommended permissible exposure limit (PEL) for free silica is 50 µg/m3 as a time-weighted average (TWA) for up to a 10-hr workday during a 40-hr workweek Free silica content in PM10 varies from 2.60 to 4.74 µg/m3 which are far below the prescribe limit, Details analysis results are described as follow:

S.No. Free Silica µg/m3 Location Max Min Avg. 1. Maliyon Ki 4.70 2.60 3.6 Dhani 2. Tunkiya 4.74 2.60 3.6 3. Amarpura 4.70 2.60 3.6 4. Madara 4.72 2.60 3.6 5. 4.71 3.92 4.34 Kharal

6. Mangala Ki 4.71 3.26 4.10 Dhani 7. 3.21 2.60 2.89 Rampura

8. 4.28 3.07 3.93 Gudhamalani

9. Nausar 4.71 3.92 4.34

10. Sindhari 4.71 3.26 4.10

11. Lohira 3.21 2.60 2.89

12. Khara 4.28 3.07 3.93 Mochecha

13. Motisara 4.52 3.13 3.89

14. Panyala 4.53 3.86 4.14 Khurd

15. Sara 4.32 3.69 3.97

16. Chhajala 4.12 3.85 3.99

17. Bhatala 3.21 2.64 2.92

18. Goliya Kalan 3.92 3.22 3.57

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21 Air quality modelling should In order to predict the particulate emissions, AERMOD version 8.2 be carried out for prediction of model was used to predict changes in air quality i.e., maximum impact of the project on the air ground level concentration (GLC’s) of PM10, due to the proposed quality of the area. It should mining activity. The inputs required for the model are:- also take into account the § Hourly meteorological data impact of movement of § Source data vehicles for transportation of § Receptor data mineral. The details of the § Programme control parameters. model used and input parameters used for modelling Cumulative AAQ Results shown as below: should be provided. The air quality contours may be shown on a location map clearly indicating the location of the site, location of sensitive receptors, if any, and the habitation. The wind roses showing pre-dominant wind direction may also be indicated on the map.

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Max. Base line Predicted Cumulative max. Prescribed conc.(µg/m3 ) incremental Max. conc. µg/m3 Standards Sampling conc. µg/m3 in Day Time Location in µg/m3

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

0 0 0 0 PM 1 SO NO PM 1 SO NO PM 1 SO NO PM 1 SO NO Maliyo Ki 72.58 16.83 25.68 2.84 0.45 1.51 75.42 17.28 27.19 100 80 80 Dhani Tunkiya 72.59 16.59 25.46 7.87 1.97 3.93 80.46 18.56 29.39 Amarpur 72.59 16.59 25.69 7.84 1.96 3.91 80.43 18.55 29.6 a Mangala 72.59 16.79 25.46 7.79 1.95 3.90 80.38 18.74 29.36 Ki Dhani Gudhama 72.55 16.56 25.68 3.96 0.99 1.96 73.54 17.55 27.64 lani Kharal 72.89 16.59 25.89 0.09 0.02 0.04 72.98 16.61 25.93 Madara 72.58 16.59 25.47 3.87 0.94 1.97 76.45 17.57 27.44 Rampura 72.54 16.54 25.34 2.90 0.82 1.56 75.44 17.36 26.9 Nausar 65.23 15.91 26.65 4.11 1.02 2.70 69.34 16.93 29.35 Sindhari 68.08 17.34 26.74 7.67 1.97 2.88 75.75 19.31 29.62 Lohira 65.75 15.81 15.42 6.69 1.78 2.56 72.44 17.59 17.98 Khara 65.72 15.76 25.67 6.53 1.73 2.51 72.25 17.49 28.18 Mochecha Motisara 65.67 15.55 25.46 6.46 1.68 2.44 72.13 17.23 27.9 Panyala 68.51 17.62 27.39 7.65 1.95 3.90 76.16 19.57 29.34 Khurd Sara 62.91 13.91 23.29 7.56 1.92 3.89 70.47 15.83 27.28 Chhajala 68.49 17.94 27.54 3.91 0.76 3.91 72.4 18.7 31.45 Bhatala 68.08 17.34 26.74 7.45 1.96 3.90 75.53 19.3 30.64 Goliya 63.76 17.92 27.58 7.39 1.80 3.89 71.15 19.72 31.47 Kalan

It is clear from cumulative Max. conc. of PM10, SO2 and NO2 are well within limits at the selected proposed mining site. Hence, no significant impact anticipated from proposed mining activities on surrounding environment and human health. However, the mitigatigation measured also proposed to minimize the negligible impact and betterment of environmental conditions as safety purposes.

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22 The water requirement for the The water requirement for the project is 10 KLD which includes both Project, its availability and for dust suppression and Plantation : 6.0 KLD and for Domestic source should be furnished. A purpose: 4.0 KLD The details of water requirement are given in detailed water balance should Chapter II. also be provided. Fresh water NOC from the local Gram panchayat also taken for using ground requirement for the Project water for mining operation as encloses as Annex-V should be indicated.

23 Necessary clearance from the NOC from panchayat for using requisite quantity of water already Competent Authority for drawl taken .About 10 KLD water is required for dust suppression, drinking of requisite quantity of water and green belt development, which will be made available from dug/ for the Project should be bore well situated in nearby village through water tankers. provided. 24 Description of water Water conservation measures proposed to be adopted are conservation measures as given below:- proposed to be adopted in the · Optimum utilization avoiding unnecessary wastage of water will Project should be given. be done. Details of rainwater harvesting · Awareness programs will be taken up to educate public for proposed in the Project, if any, conservation of water. should be provided. · Mobile toilets with modular septic tank having efficient water utilization capacity (low facets water requirement for flushing) will be used. · Atomized water sprinklers will be used to minimize the air borne dust emissions on haul roads. · Post-monsoon and Pre-monsoon groundwater level will be monitored regularly. This project is located in river beds itself..Hence, no rain water harvesting structure is proposed in the lease area. 25 Impact of the project on the Impact on Ground Water water quality, both surface and The groundwater table was observed 65 -70 m below riverbed level groundwater should be and there will be no intersection of ground water table as mining assessed and necessary activity will be restricted up to 3.0 m from bed level or 1.0 m above safeguard measures, if any the ground water table. required, should be provided. Impact on Surface Water The Luni River where the mining is undertaken is almost dry except monsoon period. Mining is restricted during monsoon. Hence, impact on surface water is insignificant .Details are described in Chapter -3

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26 Based on actual monitored Ø There is no ground water will be intersecting during course data, it may clearly be shown of mining as removal / collection of sand (Bajri) restricted up whether working will intersect to a depth of 3 meter. groundwater. Necessary data Ø Permission from CGWB is not required as no ground water and documentation in this intersect during course of Sand (Bajri). The required water regard may be provided. In will be supply from local tankers / bore well situated in case the working will intersect nearby villages. groundwater table, a detailed Ø Detail of the elevation, ground water table and working level Hydro Geological Study given below:- should be undertaken and Report furnished. Necessary Site elevation 92-36 AMSL permission from Central Ultimate Working 3 meter Ground Water Authority for Depth working below ground water Ground water table (Pre- 5.60 to 111.90 m bgl and for pumping of ground Monsoon) water should also be obtained Ground water table 0.90 to 111.75 m bgl and copy furnished. (Post-Monsoon)

Elevation aMSL Highest Lowest Difference Gradient Block 1 90 76 14 1:71.42 Block 2 80 72 8 1:125 Block 3 64 52 14 1:71.42 Block 4 48 36 12 1:83.33

27 Details of any stream, seasonal Luni river & their connected nalla itself part of applied lease area. No or otherwise, passing through proposal for modification/ diversion of any stream or otherwise, the lease area and modification because working is proposed in the blocks which remains dry except / diversion proposed, if any, the monsoon season & during the rainy season mine operation will be and the impact of the same on closed. the hydrology should be Sand will be mined out only from dry river bed. brought out. There will be no impact on the hydrology of the area because working will be done up to a depth of 3 meters from the surface level. 28 Information on site elevation, working depth, groundwater table etc. Should be provided HIGHEST CONTOUR 92 mRL both in AMSL and bgl. A LOWEST CONTOUR schematic diagram may also be 36 mRL provided for the same. ULTIMATE DEPTH (33 mRL) 3.0 meter

WATER TABLE 65 BGL (Post monsoon) 70 BGL (Pre monsoon)

Proposed working will not intersect Ground water table.

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29 A time bound Progressive . Green belt will be developed under social forestry program because, Greenbelt Development Plan there is no scope for plantation in lease area. It is proposed to develop shall be prepared in a tabular greenbelt as social forestry program along the banking of river , form (indicating the linear and roads, Govt. and Private land with due permission from Panchayat quantitative coverage, plant with consultation of Forest Department. About 300 Hect. area will be species and time frame) and cover up to 5th year and break up of plantation program is below submitted, keeping in mind, the given. same will have to be executed up front on commencement of Year No. of Sapling Place of Plantation the project. I 30000 Along the river banks, II 30000 roads, in govt. and public III 30000 building, Govt waste land IV 30000 under social forestry V 30000 programme with Total 150000 permission of competent authority.

Species Recommended for Greenbelt Development

TREES

Botanical name Common Name Tecomell undulata Rohira Azadirachta indica Neem

Dalbergia sissoo Shisham

Acacia toratalis Israyali Babool Ficus religiosa Peepal Acacia Senegal Kumat

Zizyphus xylopyrus Gathbor Some Shrubs, Herbs and grass i.e. Kair, Jharberi, Arandi, Bui, Kans & Dub also proposed with above trees species.

Budgetary provision for greenbelt development Rs. 10.70 Lac per Annum proposes.

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30 Impact on local transport infrastructure due to the Project No major impact on local transport system anticipated. Because should be indicated. Projected mining will be carried out on block basis (Total Block: 4) to increase in truck traffic as a minimized the impact for the same. vehicle density increase only 28 result of the Project in the vehicle per block. All blocks are well connected with existing present road network National land State highway with local road network. Existing road (including those outside the network is adequate to taken care of transportation load during mining Project area) should be worked operation. out, indicating whether it is Traffic Management & Mitigation Measures includes capable of handling the 1. Haul roads will be sprinkled with water to keep the dust suppressed. incremental load. Arrangement 2. Proper route management of the traffic will be done for smooth for improving the ingress and egress of traffic. infrastructure, if contemplated 3. Supervisors will be appointed to regulate the traffic at the project (including action to be taken sites. by other agencies such as State 4. Speed breakers will be constructed in accident prone areas to calm Government) should be the traffic and its speed. covered. 5. Signposts will be erected at the sensitive and precarious places to caution or provide information to road users.

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S,No. Design Volume of Capacity of Vehicle Road Existing V/C Road LOS (PCU’s/Day) Ratio ( PCU’s/ Day) V C

1. SH-16 , Near Vill.Amarpura 1040 15,000 0.069 A

2. SH-28 Nr. Vill. Rampura 483 10,000 0.0483 A

3. NH-112 Nr, Mine site ( Gudamalani) 385 10,000 0.0385 A

4. SH-28 (Junction) 305 10,000 0.0305 A

5. Near Village Dandali (Village Road) 590 10,000 0.019 A

6. Nr. Vill. Bhatala 850 10000 0.085 A

7. NH-15 Nr. Village Madara 1180 15,000 0.078 A

8. Nr. Village Mangla ki Dhani(Village 758 10,000 0.0758 A Road)

9. SH-28 Nr. Vill. Tunkiya 1083 15,000 0.0722 A

31 Details of the onsite shelter and Ø Onsite shelter and facilities will be provided to the mine facilities to be provided to the workers as per Approved Mining Plan & as per Mines Rules mine workers should be on temperory basis. included in the EIA report. Ø Following are the infrastructural facilities which will be provided to the workers: 1. Rest Shelter, drinking water facilities, washrooms separately for male & female workers, sanitary facility, first aid facilities, etc. 2. Personal protective equipment as ear muffs, gloves etc. will be provided to the workers.

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32 Conceptual post mining land Uniform extraction of river bed surface to ensure that there is no use and Reclamation and ponding or irregular water accumulation in pits. Restoration of mined out areas Present At the end At the end S. (with plans and with adequate Particulars land use of 3rd year of 5th year No. number of sections) should be (Ha) (Ha) (Ha) given in the EIA report. 1 Mine area 500 854 1090 2 Dump area 0.0 - - Safe Perman

ty ent 9.7386 266.9353 266.9353 3 zone Roads Infrastructure 4 (office, temp, - - - shelter etc) Mineral 5 - - - Storage 6 Plantation - - - 7 Un worked 4641.9442 4030.7475 3794.7474 Total 5051.6828 5051.6828 5051.6828

Excavation to be done within prescribed limit of 3 mts. from river bed. Natural replenishment of river with sediments happens during rains. Thus reclamation and restoration activity has not been carried out.

33 A time bound Progressive About 375 Hect. area will be cover by green belt development up to Greenbelt Development Plan 5th year and break up of plantation program is below given. shall be prepared in a tabular form (indicating the linear and Year No. of Place of Plantation quantitative coverage, plant Sapling species and time frame) and I Year 30000 Along the river banks, submitted, keeping in mind, the II Year 30000 roads, in govt. and same will have to be executed III Year 30000 public building, Govt up front on commencement of waste land under social the project. Phase-wise plan of IV Year 30000 forestry programme with plantation and compensatory permission of competent afforestation should be charted V Year 30000 authority. clearly indicating the area to be Total 1,50,000 covered under plantation and the species to be planted. The details of plantation already done should be given.

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34 Occupational Health impacts of Safety of employee during mining operation and maintenance of the Project should be transportation vehicles will be taken care as per MMR 1961 & anticipated and the proposed MCDR 1988. To avoid any adverse effect on the health of preventive measures spelt out workers due to dust, noise sufficient measures will be provided in detail. Details of pre- .Occupational health specialist will be hired. placement medical examination and periodical Anticipated Proposed mitigation measures medical examination schedules occupational Health should be incorporated in the and Safety Impacts EMP. Lung disease and Ø Dust mask will be provided to the respiratory disorder workers. due to dust exposure Ø Precautions will be adopted to prevent dust generation at site and dispersing in the environment. Ø Air emission control system such as water sprinkling, green belt development. Ø Free Silica analysis of mineral will be done. Ø Budget of pollution control i.e dust suppression by water sprinkling is proposed in EMP.

Noise Ø Ear muff will be provided Ø Good Maintenance of vehicles

Accident at site Ø PPEs will be provided to the workers likely hand gloves,safety shoes etc Others Ø Awareness program/training program will be organized for workers for occupational safety. Ø Smoking and tobacco will be banned at site.

All periodic medical examination of the mine workers will be done regularly · Pre-placement and medical examination will be conducted as per Rule 29(b) of The Mine Rule, 1955. · Pre-placement health checkup will be made mandatory and periodic health checkup will be done. · Medical records of each employee will be maintained separately and will be updated as required. · Medical examination of workers including chest X-ray of employee will be taken.

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35 Public health implications of Incremental GLCs are used to identify the impact zone. Impact on the the Project and related health of public has been assessed in the proposed project and the activities for the population in remedial measures have been proposed by the applicant. Adverse the impact zone should be health impact can be due to air pollution, noise pollution etc. All systematically evaluated and control measures for air emissions, noise control will be taken to the proposed remedial strictly comply with norms. measures should be detailed Measures: - along with budgetary Medical Examination Schedule allocations. S.No Activities 1st yr. 2nd 3rd 4th yr 5th yr. yr. yr 1 Initial Medical Examination (Mine Workers) a Physical Check - up - - - -

b Psychological Test - - - - c Audiometric Test - - - - d Respiratory Test 2 Periodical Medical Examination (Mine Workers) a Physical Check - up - b Audiometric Test - c Eye Check - up - d Respiratory Test - 3 Medical Camp (Mine - Workers & Nearby Villagers 4 Training (Mine Workers) Medical Follow Ups:-Work force will be divided into three targeted groupsage wise as follows:- Age Group PME as per Mine Rule Special 1955 Examination Less than 25 years Once in a Three Years In case of emergencies Between 25 to 40 Years Once in a Three Years In case of emergencies Above 40 years Once in a Three Years In case of emergencies Medical help on top priority immediately after diagnosis/accident is the essence of preventive aspects.

Measures: 1. Transportation route will bypass the villages falling in impact zone. 2. Tractor trolley will be covered by tarpaulin covers to control the air pollution. 3. Catalyze combustion fitted with tractor trolley and silencers to air pollution. 4. All transportation vehicles carry a valid PUC certificates. 5. Minimum use of horns and speed limit of 10 km/hr in the village area to noise pollution. 6. Periodical free health camps will be taken up in the villages. At the primary basis provision of first aid has been adopted.

Regular medical checkup of the worker will be carried out in medical camp. Details is given in Chapter No: 7.

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36 Measures of socio economic No adverse impact is anticipated on any socio economic environment. significance and influence to There is no inhabitation within the applied lease area. Therefore the local community proposed neither villages nor any part of village or any hamlet will be to be provided by the Project disturbed during the working period. Proponent should be indicated. The villages and their inhabitants in the buffer zone will not be As far as possible, quantitative disturbed from their settlements due to the mining operations. dimensions may be given with The applicant will give employment priority to local people (about time frames for 131 persons). Educational facilities, maintenance of road, school, play implementation. grounds. Washrooms in nearby villages. The total fund allotted under CSR activities about Rs. 56.60 lacs per Annum.

CSR Activities with Budgetary provision

Particulars Activity Rs in Lacs Education Ø Distribution of school bags and stationary items to school children, 12.0 Ø Distribution of books in school. Ø Renovation of school building. Ø Distribution of sports goods in school children. Ø Books/Chemicals/sports kits to school library/laboratory/ school department.

Health Ø General health camps for near by villagers. 12.0 Ø Eye check up camps. Ø Distribution of medicines free of cost. Infrastructure Ø Renovation of nearby community hall, school buildings, Aganbari 3.6 Developement Center, repair of school terrace. Ø Construction of washroom in near villages. Drinking water Ø Support for supply of drinking water. 5.7 & other Ø Awareness program for villagers. facilities. Training Ø Vocatonal training to persons for income generation 5.6 NGO Ø Assistance to self help groups. 5.7

Ø Surveillance programmeof the workers 10.2 Total 56.60

37 Detailed environmental To mitigate the environmental impacts i.e. water sprinkling will be management plan to mitigate adapted to control dust emissions, plantation on approach road & the environmental impacts nearby vicinity of water bank, haul roads kept levelled wide and which, should inter-alia include compacted etc. safeguard measure will be adopted. Detailed the impacts of change of land environmental management plan to mitigate is incorporated in report. use, loss of agricultural and Details are given in Chapter IX of EIA-EMP Report. grazing land, if any, Detailed Environmental Management Plan has been incorporated in occupational Chapter: IX and the environment impacts are given in Chapter: IV health impacts besides other of EIA/EMP Report. impacts specific to the Environmental Matrics are as follows: proposed Project.

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Particulars Details Air Quality Loading Water sprinkling will be done before loading by making it moist if require. Management Transportation Ø Water sprinkling during transportation over approach roads will be done for suppression of dust. Ø Regularmaintenance of machinery will be carried out. Ø Overloading will be prevented. Ø Tractor trolley will be covered by tarpaulin covers.

Plantation Plantation will be carried out at the approach road, river bank and vicinity area Monitoring Periodic air quality monitoring will be done and adequate measures will be taken Noise Transportation 1. Source of noise will be during operation of transportation vehicles, for this Management propermaintenance will be done at regularintervals. 2. Oiling & greasing at regular interval will be done. 3. Adequate silencers will be provided in all the diesel engines of vehicles. 4. Minimum use of horns and speed limit of10 km/hr. in the village area. 5. Its will be ensured that all transportation vehicles carry a valid PUC Certificates. Plantation Plantation will be carried out at the approach road, river bank and vicinity area Monitoring Periodic air quality monitoring will be done and adequate measures will be taken Water Surface water Waste water will not be generated during Quality quality mgt. removal/ collection of sand/Bajri. management Ground water 1. Ground water will not be intersected during mining activities. quality 2. Excavation will be carried out upto a management maximum depth of 3 meter from the surface of Bajri deposit. Waste water 1. Waste water will not be generated during management removal/ collection of sand/Bajri. 2. Washrooms will nbe made available near working blocks. 3. Septic tanks and soak pits will be provided for the disposal of domestic/ washrooms effluents. Solid Waste Management No waste is generated in the mining activities as the project involves collection of Bajri.

38 Public hearing points raised Public hearing was published in two daily newspapers, “Hindustan Times” and commitment of the project (English edition) on dated 15.06.2014 and “Rajasthan Patrika ” (Hindi proponent on the same along edition) on dated 15.06.2014. Public hearing was conducted as per EIA with time bound action plan to Notification at 10.00 PM on 18-07-2014, in the premises of Gram Panchayat implement the same should be Bhukha Bhagat Singh, Panchayat Samiti: Sindhari, Tehsil: Gudhamalani, District: Barmer, as per the guidelines given in EIA Notification 14th provided and also incorporated September’ 2006 and its subsequent amendment. in the final EIA/EMP Report of Public hearing details are encloses as Annex-XI the Project. Action plan with budgetary provisions are described in table 7.1 and 7.2 of Chapter 7 in details. Summary of the same also given hereunder: Public Consultation with action plan

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NAME & ADDRESS OF THE PERSON ISSUES RAISED BY THE PUBLIC RESPONSE/COMMITMENT OF Action Plan PROJECT PROPONENT Shri Inwar Singh, Village: Sindhari -He said that trucks carrying bajri are Presently your suggestion & Repairing and Maintenance of Roads in not covered with tarpaulin during objections are invited for proposed the Villages will be done by lessee with transportation, hence sand fly in the sand mining project. All the the help of State Govt. Department, An air and some times vehicles are met Environmental Management amount of Rs. 2.60 Lac per year has with accidents. Measures are proposed and will be been allocated for the same. -There is no proper management of implemented during mining Provision for implementation of Environmental problems. operation. i.e. Trucks will be covered proposed EMP Rs. 26.70 Lac per with tarpaulin sheet as per rules & annum allocated guidelines. A proposed amount of budget will be spent on Environmental Management measures.

Sher Mohammed He said that who will fill up the pits Regional Officer Balotra, H.R. Kasana Compliance all the conditions imposed Village: Sindhari formed during sand mining? replied that earlier lease of sand in EC and CTE/CTO and follows all Mining sanctioned by Government on rules and regulation of mining demand, but presently lease is being department. sanctioned by floating tenders. Hence all govt. rules will be applicable to lease holder. - Area covering deep pit will be demarcated once the EC is granted and it will be leveled.

Mohan Singh - He asked that Who will fill pits Initially medical check-up for all Village: Dhaka formed more than 3.0m during sand -First-Aid facilities will be available workers mining at the mining site. for lung function, audiometric test, -All workers will be covered by tuberculosis and pulmonary disease - What is the provision of Insurance of insurance as per rules. will be done at the time of the workers. - All workers will be subjected to appointment and during the mining - What medical facility will be provided medical examination time to time. operation under Occupational Health & if one met with accident? - Some amount will be spent on Safety Program insurance of worker under CSR. - First aid & Rest shelter will also be provided to workers. For the same 2.50 Lac will be spent by the lessee. · Rs. 56.60 lac per year is allocated under CSR scheme. Major activities for workers will be as follows :-

§ General health camps for nearby villagers. § Eye check up camps. § Free of cost distribution of medicines Shri Ladu Ram Village: Kanana How will you control the dust & dirt Regional Officer Balotra, Sh. H.R. Water Sprinkling will be used during during sand mining? Kasana replied that the mining area mining operation. Rs. 5.50 Lac per will be wetted by water time to time, annum will be spent by lessee under to avoid fugitive dust emissions. EMP. Shri Udai Singh, Village: Sodha How will you distribute of Regional Officer Balotra, H.R. Committee will be constituted by Environmental Management Fund Kasana replied that Government will Government during mine operation. expenditure? constitute a committee for the expenditure of Environmental Management Fund. You can give your suggestions in written to committee. Kisna Ram Free sand should be provided for It is assured by Lease holder that About 131 persons will be employed Village : Sada construction of concerned xxiii employment will be given to local directly. F//FREIA.201507 /R01 Panchayat Bhawan and temple. persons and Sand will be provided at Employment will be given to local comparatively cheap price to local persons. persons.

EIA/EMP REPORT FOR RIVER SAND MINING TEHSIL: GUDHAMALANI, BARMER (RAJ) 2015-16

Time Bound Action Plan S.No Activity Action to be Undertaken Budget Rs. Time Schedule In lac per I II III IV V Year 1 Pollution Monitoring, Providing PPE’s , 11.50 Prevention and Water Spraying etc under EMP Controll

2 Green belt Consulting with village Panchayat 10.7 Development 150000 of plantation will be done during lease period. @ 30000 per Year.

3 Education Assistance to local schools, 12.0 scholarships and skill development programme under CSR activities. 4 Health Health chek up and distribution of 12.0 Medicines 5 Construction and Construction and Maintenance of 2.60 Maintance of roads Roads in the Villages near mine roads lease area with the help of Village Panchyat 6 Sanitation & Awareness about SWACH 5.70 Drinking water BHARAT MISSION and Water facility supply through tanker from neary by villages.

7. Conservation of Awareness and reward to people 9.30 Schedule Species help to conservation of species

8. Rain water 2.10 Harvesting

39 Details of litigation pending Yes, A PIL in the High court of Rajasthan filed by an NGO, Nature Club against the project, if any, with of Rajasthan, Copy of the same enclosed as Annex-XX direction /order passed by any Court of Law against the project should be given.

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40 The cost of the project (capital Capital cost for the Proposed project: Rs 80 Lac. cost and recurring cost) as well And proposed capital cost of EMP is Rs. 21.20 and recurring cost is as the cost towards Rs.5.70 Lac implementation of EMP should Capital Recurrin clearly be spelt out. Cost g cost S.No. Particulars (in Rs. (in Rs. Lac) Lac) 1 Pollution Monitoring-Air, 5.0 1.00 Water, Noise & Soil 2 Water Sprinkling/Dust 4.0 1.50 suppression 4 Plantation including 8.70 2.0 maintenance 5 Rainwater harvesting 1.50 0.60 (Water storage tank etc.) 6 Haul road and other roads 2.0 0.60 repair and maintenance Total 21.20 5.70

41 Details of replenishment Total replenishment will be 10.27 Lac Ton/year, about 20.27 % of studies; production per year . The detail of the study is given in Chapter II , point 2.12 of EIA/EMP report. 42 Details of Transportation of The removed/mined out material will be loaded directly into the mined out materials as per the tractor trolley and sent to buyers. No impact on the environment is Indian Road Congress for both anticipated, as regular water sprinkling will be done in area and on the ways (loaded as well as haul road. As per the traffic density conducted at NH 15 and existing unloaded trucks) load and its villages roads are capable of handling the additional traffic. impact on Environment; Traffic analysis was carried out to understanding the carrying capacity of the roads near the project site and the connecting main roads in the area.

No measure impact on local transport system anticipated. Because mining will be carried out on block basis (Total Block: 4) to minimized the impact for the same. vehicle density increase only 28 vehicle per block. All blocks are well connected with existing National land State highway with local road network. Existing road network is adequate to taken care of transportation load during mining operation.

43 Proper species specific During study of biodiversity of study area. Chinkara and Peafowl Conservation plan for species was reported in study, Conservation plan is given in Chapter Schedule–I and II species; IX EIA/EMP report. Also submitted to authentication for the same to concern authority vide letter No. Nil Dated 29.12.2014 Budgetary Provision of Rs. of Conservation of Schedule Species

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44 Impact of mining on plankton No permanent surface water body is situated in and around proposed lease . river is remain dry except monsoon period . hence, no significant impact anticipated on plankton at the time of Bajri removal concerned study is described in Chapter III of EIA-EMP Report.

45 Details of mining activity to be Entire stretch of the lease area has been divided into Four blocks for provided w.r.t Block Wise/ ease of operation, supervision, management and safety. Calendar wise/ Zonal wise, as Workings will be restricted within the lease area. The five years the mine lease area having a proposed production details have been given below:- long stretch. Year Production (in L TPA) I 50.40 II 50.40 III 50.40 IV 50.40 V 50.40 Total Proposed Production s estimated 252,00000 MT Say 252 Lakh tone in the lease period. 46 Details of Gradient of river bed to be provided. Elevation of Lease Area: Max:92 Amsl Min.: 36 Amsl Total Stretch of River During the survey and mapping of applied lease area the gradient of the Luni river is respectively 1:71.42, 1:125, 1:71.42 & 1:83.33

47 Details of excavation schedule The total targeted production is 50.40 LTPA and working is proposed & sequential mining plan. in the lease area. To achieve the production mining will be done as per the approved mining plan. Entire stretch of the lease area is divided in block for ease & smooth of operation, supervision, management and safety.

Year Block 1 Block 2 Block 3 Block 4 (Mineral (Mineral (Mineral (Mineral in in Ton) in Ton) in Ton) Ton) 1st 504000 840000 1848000 1848000 2nd 504000 840000 1848000 1848000 3Ird 504000 840000 1848000 1848000 4th 504000 840000 1848000 1848000 5th 504000 840000 1848000 1848000 Producti 2520000 4200000 9240000 9240000 on in Tons

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48 The Mining Plan shall be The mining plan for proposed Bajri mine was approved by prepared carefully, dividing Superintendent Mining Engineer, Jodhpur vide letter no. lease area into manageable SME/JO/CC/Bar/Minor/Bajri/ML No. 24/2012/1790 dated blocks to ensure scientific and 05.08.2013.Copy enclosed as Annexure No III of EIA-EMP Report. systematic mining of minor The mining plan has been prepared carefully and scientific & minerals. systematic mining will be adopted for resource conservation, safety of workers, minimization of degradation of surrounding environment, etc. which will overall help in sustainable development.

49 The base line data shall be The baseline data has been collected during post-monsoon period collected so as to represent the 2013 and one month air quality monitoring also conducting during whole mine lease area. May 2015 to represents the whole applied mine lease area. The baseline study is given in Chapter III, of EIA-EMP Report. The baseline data collected during the study period represents the whole area as per EIA Manual and guidelines of EIA Act. 2006 and sequential amendment. Besides the above, the below mentioned general points will also have to be followed: a All documents to be properly referenced with All documents have been properly referenced with index and continuous page numbering. index, page numbers and continuous page numbering.

b Where data are presented in the report especially The data presented in the report especially in table, in tables, the period in which the data were along with the period in which the data was collected collected and the sources should be indicated. and the source has been incorporated.

c Where the documents provided are in a language Complied with. other than English, an English translation should be provided.

d The Questionnaire for Environmental Appraisal of The questionnaire for environmental appraisal of Mining projects as devised by the Ministry shall mining projects as devised by the Ministry is also be filled and submitted. enclosed as Annexure – X

e While preparing the EIA report, the instructions for All instruction mentioned in O.M. No. J- the proponents and instructions for the 11013/41/2006-IA.II (I) dated 4th August, 2009 are consultants issued by MoEF vide O.M. No. J- being complied with. 11013/41/2006-IA.II (I) dated 4th August, 2009, which are available on the website of this Ministry should also be followed.

f Changes, if any made in the basic scope and There is no change made in the basic scope and project parameters (as submitted in Form-I and project. the PFR for securing the TOR) should be brought to the attention of MoEF with reasons for such changes and permission should be sought, as the TOR may also have to be altered. Post Public

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Hearing changes in structure and content of the draft EIA/EMP (other than modifications arising out of the PH process) will entail conducting the PH again with the revised documentation.

g As per the circular no. J-11011/618/2010-IA.II(I) Proposed project is a new project dated 30.5.2012, you are requested to submit certified report of the status of compliance of the conditions stipulated in the environment clearance for the existing operations of the project by the Regional Office of Ministry of Environment & Forests, if applicable.

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