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RAPID EDUCATION and RISK ANALYSIS COLOMBIA July 2020

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RAPID EDUCATION and RISK ANALYSIS COLOMBIA July 2020 Photo Credit: Veo Luego Aprendo RAPID EDUCATION AND RISK ANALYSIS COLOMBIA July 2020 This publication was produced at the request of the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared independently by DevTech Systems, Inc., and was authored by James Rogan (Team Leader), Ana Daza Arevalo, Ana María Restrepo-Sáenz, and Daniel Agudelo Navarro. RAPID EDUCATION AND RISK ANALYSIS COLOMBIA July 2020 Submitted to: USAID Bureau for Latin America and the Caribbean, Office of Regional Sustainable Development (LAC/RSD) Submitted by: DevTech Systems, Inc. Contract GS-10F-0048L/7200AA18M00024 (October 1, 2018–September 30, 2023) Cover Photo: Students of the Diego Luis Córdoba School in the municipality of Acandí, Chocó, Colombia Photo by Veo Luego Aprendo Courtesy of Daniel Agudelo-Navarro Disclaimer This report is made possible by the support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) under Contract Number GS-10F-0048L/7200AA18M00024. The contents of this report are the sole responsibility of DevTech Systems, Inc., and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government. CONTENTS Acronyms ...................................................................................................................................... iv Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................................... v Executive Summary ..................................................................................................................... vi Purpose ......................................................................................................................................................................... vi Methodology ................................................................................................................................................................ vi Context ......................................................................................................................................................................... vi Key Conclusions ........................................................................................................................................................ vii Key Recommendations .............................................................................................................................................. ix Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 1 RERA Methodology ....................................................................................................................... 1 Research Questions .................................................................................................................................................... 1 Timeframe ..................................................................................................................................................................... 2 RERA Team ................................................................................................................................................................... 2 Fieldwork Planning ....................................................................................................................................................... 3 Fieldwork ....................................................................................................................................................................... 8 Limitations ................................................................................................................................................................... 10 Country Context ......................................................................................................................... 11 Country Snapshot ...................................................................................................................................................... 11 Main Contextual Risks .............................................................................................................................................. 12 The Education Sector ................................................................................................................. 34 Overview ..................................................................................................................................................................... 34 Public Budget Expenditures ..................................................................................................................................... 35 Education access and Quality .................................................................................................................................. 36 Education and COVID-19 ........................................................................................................................................ 39 Venezuelan Migrant Students .................................................................................................................................. 42 Emergency Education and Risk Reduction ........................................................................................................... 44 RERA Findings and Analysis ....................................................................................................... 45 Contextual Risks ........................................................................................................................................................ 46 Education ..................................................................................................................................................................... 55 School Community Resilience ................................................................................................................................ 76 Medellín Case Study .................................................................................................................................................. 83 Conclusions .................................................................................................................................. 85 Contextual Risk .......................................................................................................................................................... 85 Education ..................................................................................................................................................................... 85 School Community Resilience ................................................................................................................................ 89 Recommendations ...................................................................................................................... 91 Education ..................................................................................................................................................................... 91 School Community Resilience ................................................................................................................................ 94 Annex I: Quantitative Survey Results ....................................................................................... 95 Annex II: RERA Sample Secretariat Profiles .......................................................................... 133 i | COLOMBIA RAPID EDUCATION AND RISK ANALYSIS USAID.GOV TABLES Table 1. Data Collection Tools ...................................................................................................................................... 3 Table 2. RERA Sample Sites ............................................................................................................................................ 5 Table 3. Sample respondents for each school community included: .................................................................... 6 Table 4. Survey Response Rate ...................................................................................................................................... 8 Table 5. Interview Response Totals .............................................................................................................................. 9 Table 6. Colombia Roadmap to Self-Reliance (USAID), Selected Indicators .................................................... 16 Table 7. Colombia’s Natural Hazard Risk Rankings ................................................................................................ 17 Table 8. Any Drug Use Prevalence, 2004, 2011, and 2016, by sex ..................................................................... 22 Table 9. Any Drug Use Prevalence, 2004, 2011, and 2016, by grade ................................................................. 22 Table 10. Homicide Cases and Rates, by Year ......................................................................................................... 25 Table 11. Intimate Partner Violence Cases and Rate per 100,000 ...................................................................... 27 Table 12. Rate of Violence by Selected Categories and Secretariat (2018) ...................................................... 28 Table 13. Venezuelan Migration to Colombia FROM 2010 to 2019 ................................................................... 29 Table
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