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Harris, A. C. 1994: Sphecidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera). Fauna of New Zealand 32, 112 pp. AU A A ISO Y G OU
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SE IES E I O AU A O EW EA A M C. . u a M n Wh n nd r r h d v r t & C n rv t n Gr p M nt Alb rt r h C ntr r v t 2 0, A l nd, l nd Fauna of New Zealand Ko te Aitanga Pepeke o Aotearoa Number / Nama 32
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A. C. Harris Otago Museum Great King Street P.O. Box 6202, Dunedin New Zealand
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Sphecidae K t t n t h n n h r h r r h h r n r t n t r t n r n t t h t t p r n n Sph d p r p r p h r n r n n r n K t r n p t r t r t n n p r — h — h h n p n r r t n n I us a io : n p n l , f l ( rt t A. C rr n r n r n t p p W akaa ua: n p n l , h h ( t A C rr K t n t h o n t t t p h n p n l , h p n n t n t ` ph d On rr v n t h l d h n b r r n r t rn n h n t p h n p n t n h n t h ft r n xt nd d b n f l ft n f nd d p r p r t h r r h t h t t n t dh r n t th rt n Wh n th rt n p ll d K n h n r t aua h p r p r t h r f d fr nt nd — d r — l p- p n r r t n n n r r b d d p d r d nd t th fl r n h r n h n t h t h ( h h th r f th f l f th n p n p r p r K t h h t p t t h h t p n l , t p l ph d p h h b ld n t f d t n t p ai. ll n h lt r d pl ft n n n- d tr t r K t h t n ` ph d ( t t p Sh pr v n th ll th ll p d r h h h h h r t h n t h n h r r h r t n t p r l nd l n n h n h t n h p r r t h n r t t p r n p r n l rv h h h t h fr th h r d ppl f h n h h r r t h n K t h n fr h t n h h t f d nd r h n h n r t n h h n Oth r ph d n t n th r nd f r n b rr nd t n n r r r h h r K n n t h b r n nd r l l rd n t p ph d h h t h n Sp l n , ka h r Y t th r n t n h l d b d-b r n n t n h h ( r t n h t n r r h h ph d n th n Sp l n f ll b r r b tl h l th r n n r r t r t n h h thr p nd n t b b rv d r t n n th t- n n t r n n E t na aua d f h n r r ( n n t h h t h r na On th b h nd d n f n rth rn l nd h n h r l r r d nd bl ph d d l n t d p , K n h n t t n n p p t h f ll r n n t d th t rp ll r v n n p n t t M t r n /A t t n n t p r l th p th n tr ddl t nd h l me-r n r r t t h ` ph d t n r h h h r t t t bt rr n n n t n th nd t n t r d l n t d p t n hr h t th ntr th h n n bl h ph x h p h p t h n n h n n t p r r h n rr ft n n d n h l n nd nd f n `n t d K t t t p n t r ( t n h h n l b d tr nd l ft n b b rv d r n r n t t n h n dr n t r h pr r th r nd r r t n p
( nt n d v rl f ( r h r t n h Cr br n n t p ll thr d- t d p ft n I n h t t t t t p n n - pr n fl h l nd p h v r h v p n p n h ph x n rr t n t d v r d t n d r bl n th r pr pr f r n On r r h h r n t n p r t r n pr x l v l n b tl n th r t nl th nd n h r r n t h t h n r t t r t n th r pt r fl dd fl nd t n fl n t t p p t h r n t h n r t p t n dd t n t tr fl K t t p `Cr br n n h t p - t n n r n t n l n th l Str t th f t f th t r t t r t t n p t h n r K t n Gl r n M nt C t n l r th l tt r n h n t r n / A t r n t n t h h n p n n r pr x l v l n r n d lt t p t p t n r t K t t h t n t n t r j t n n l t bl fl v n t n p t n h h h t t h t p t p r r - h n th ld b t pt r h n h t t h n p t h n n t n r h b n x pl f th n h h ph d n h n h n r n t n r h p f r t t pr n n rd r f n t nd h p h p h h ` fl ` dd fl n t n d pt v p b l t th t ld b n f nt n ` t n fl th v l t n f th n t It l h h th t f ld Na, t n r r r r t n n ( t d f l nd ph d p n ld rpr n n n h n r t t l r lt ll f n t n n ht nt th b h v r f Str t r r n t r r t n h p p th d d t d h nt r n t n Gl r t r n r h n l nd h ht n p f Sph d n v n t p t n t n n n r r p p t n r t nd d lt f f rth r f v p r t r n n r r r h r n h r l rl n nt r d p rt t n b t n n h f r t n t h p b t bl h d K p n t n t h t ` ph d n t p Sph d r l t r r b l p h d lt r t t t h n h r t p t t h t n r r h ll t v nl n nl ht (n t n v r t d nd h n h t h n h t h t n f d l r l n pl nt n t r Alth h r th r d v r n t n r r t n t r n t h r h r pp r n r bl n v r l b v p d p r t h t t n t r t n h t n n p p l d p th Sph d pr n t r l r p ' ph d t p t r n / A t r n p t n t n r r t h n h C ntr b t r Anth n rr h b n C r t r f Inv rt p t t n n r r h t h h n I br t l t th Ot M , n d n, t r n n t r n t `Sph d l nd n h pp nt nt t th p t n n 4. h h h n t t h t K n h n t h r h d n b d n nt r t n n t ( p ll b tl n n p r r n t h n r th f thr , th ttr t n t n n t ll fr th h n r ( n f t th t n t r ft n v r b t f l. Onl l t r d d t K t t p n ` ph d n h b pp r nt t n th t n t b h v r " r t t r h h h h r n t h t K n f n t n th n n th n l ." v r, h nt r t d p / t r n n t n r n l d tr p n , t r l r p nt n , l t n n t b r t h t n t r ( h r n r p r t , nd pl n l l n th p n . n n n t r r Ah h h n h ntr b t r l r l n n n t r l h t r t th r r n n t h r t n h p `Ot l . t r t t d n p p l d n h n n h t p `v p d `p p l d r n p f r d th b f r n f l nd n . 2. n `Sph d h r n p t t r t h
K t t h n Anth n Harris h K t , h r t r n Inv rt br t l t Wh r r t n o t n h t h t h n h h r , h Ot p t t r n A t r n mai n t n t n h t t t , h r n k n t b r t n h t t I 4. An h p h , t p r h n t t h t t p n . K n h t n t n r r , ( h h r t n n t h t h n h t r t t r ( n n t t r n t , r n t n t t r h n r r t n p p t Ot l . K t n t t h t n t n r r . r r r n h t h n t n t r p t t h r n t n n " h t n n n r r n n n t p n p p l d , p t n p t t h t ." , n r , t h t t p p n n f l nd n . 2. A S AC E ht n p f Sph d n th n r d l n rn ld Sp l n Sh rd h ph x K hl, n r n , h p l St ph n d r t Sp n l nd A r r t A h d r r n d fr l nd hr n p r d r b d Sp l n rl , d r t d l , nd d r t h b r . t nd d lt f f v p f S l phr n Kl r r p t dl n nt r d n l nd b t r n t t bl h d r pt n f l rv r v n f r p r v l n d t n t v h r t r n th n r Ar r t nd Sp l n . K r pr v d d f r ll t bl h d p nd d t l ( tl n r pr v d d n l f h t r nd n t n b h v r f r ll p h Cr br n n n l d p th t pr n p d pt r pt r pt r r h pt r l pt r Eph r pt r nd C l pt r ( x l v l n p n dd t n t pt r th r t fr ntl r rd d pr Ext n v pr r rd r v n
C ECK IS O A A r b r p x l n n G n Pison r n 1 3 S bf l SPHECINAE 1 r S th 1 5 31 r b A ph l n t b r l t S th 1 5 n n n G n d l n rn ld 19 7 1 p n l Sh rd 1 3 33 t d ( G ll 1 1 1 tr l S r 1 53 p p (S th 1 5 1 t n S th 1 5 r b S l phr n d b K rb 1 3 G n S l phr n K1 1 1 1 pr n C r n 1 9 S b n S l phr n Kl 1 1 assimile ( hlb 1 3 S bf l CRABRONINAE 35 nt r ( r r 177 r b Cr br n n l t (S th 1 5 G n d r t Sp n l 1 51 3 p r f x ( nn 175 S b n r h l r 197 3 S b n r l phr n n d r ht 19 d l p - r p 37 f r (S th 1 5 lb p (S th 1 7 3 rb n l r ( ll rr 1 97 n b 1 S bf l PEMPHREDONINAE 1 rb n r S th 1 5 r b phr d n n btr b St n l l r 1955 n n n G n Sp l n Sh rd 1 3 22 h b r n p 3 rl n p 22 r (C r n 1 3 l nt l rn r 191 24 j C r n 1 9 r n t rd 19 7 5 d l n p 46 n z l rd 19 7 26 p rr tt l r 1955 48 G n h p l St ph n 1 9 5 S bf l LARRINAE 28 S b n Ap rh p l l r 1955 51 r b rr n btr b h t n p rf r t r S th 1 7 51 G n h ph x K hl 1 3 28 S b n l rh p l l r 1955 5 n rr (S th 1 5 28 l nd l r 1955 5 r p S th 1 5 z l nd l r 1955 55 d pr S r 1 7 n rr "Wh t " tl r 1 7 S bf l NYSSONINAE 57 h l C r n 1 r b G r t n G n Ar r t A h d 1 99 57 S l phr n p fr ntl nt r pt d t n n- rb n r (S th 1 5 5 t r d t p r r l n t b t n t t bI h d tr h C r n 1
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A n l d nt 8 h f l Sph d n t f l t r r b l Intr d t n 8 p t f h h d n t h l n th r nd n t n n 9 b nd n d l rv l ll r r p p l h b r f d- M rph l 9 b r n n t r n t f ld d d b v f l 1 r nd Ad lt r h r t r t ll t v nl n n- t n b h v r 13 l ht nd r n t ll t v n v r t d Ad lt n l r l t n h p 1 f d tl n n t r r fr fl d x d n fr th K t t x 15 thp rt f p r l d pr (f l b t l rv r r pt n ( Ch l t f x 1 pr v d d b th f l th t r f p r l d n t r f r n 60 p d r Ad lt ph d ft n r bl b v p d r App nd x 1 pr p 66 p p l d Alth h th r v r d v r ph d - Ill tr t n 68 pr n t r l r p x n nd x 1 5 Sph d p b nd th p rf l n It n r ll pt d th t b r fr ph d-l n t r r ph d p h l rv f d ACK OW E GME S l t x l v l n n t r nd p ll n r th r th n n t r p d r pr (S S th A r n b f r n I v r r t f l t Mr Ch b r f Op n f r rr n h r t `n r l b pr v n th p ll n t r l nd nt ; h h d nd p nd ntl d v r d nd n t r r th l t r l t v f ph d nd th n p f Cr br n n d r b d h r rt n pr t v n p l d p n th t r p Mr W E rl (A l nd M r n d n r t d ff lt t t ll p rt It th r f r n t Spilomena earlyi nd v n p n nd h rpr n th t n th r h v n l d d th n d t M n p n r pr v d d b Mr G Ch rl p rf l n t n f nl t f l Ap d nd ( rt r h A l nd nd r W l (C l f r- Sph d n n A d f S n r I nn (A IC Mr hr h t t f th t nt th nt r ph d p Ed rd f W ll n t n nd r M f rl n r th r d v d d nt n b r f f l r r ( zz rld Chr t h r h Mr n t n f W ll n - tr t d n l f l h l tt r ppr h d pt d t n pr v d d n p n nd h nf r t n nd b r dl (195 Ev n (19 r th r (1975 - p n d n f ld tr p Mr M h ll f n d n h ldt (1975 nd h rt M n (197 th l t v t t n h l nd nd pr t t d th f r r th d f n t v rld tr t nt f th Sph d h n r t bl h d th t th r p b t tr t d n f l th r d nt f n pr p I v r r t f l t r n b r f bf l th t h b n d pt d b n b r ( h r v d ; r A rr n (r n n l t ll b nt r r pt r ; r K G A lt n (C r p d ; Mr A C Alth h M h n r (19 t d th t b " h ld E l ( th r pt r ; Mr tr nd Mr S b pl d d v n f th Sph d " h n v rth l d l ( p d pt r ; Mr I M ll n ( l pt r ; r d v d d th nt n b r f f l h v t d r nd r ll ( r h pt r ; r M W nt r- b nt t d nt f b ( n p rf l Ap d th t b rn (Eph r pt r ; Mr M hn ( l tt d ; r x l d d th ph d C nt p r n l n r t r (Ar n ; nd r A M nd ( h n - r r n ph d p nt n d t r p ll b n pt r r ddl t n nd r C rd ( M n f l th Ap d ( h ldt 1975 h rt l n d t p t r l r K Cr b nd t ff t nd r M n 197 h ldt (1975 t t d th t an t p r- r h r E h d nd Mr r n pr v d d ph f r th Sph d n t xp t d t x t b v l bl t n M M t r t d th th MS th t pr t v l nt f th ph d/b bl nd tr n f rr d t t p t r d tt r n th Sph d pr p d th t th t f l pl h h lp d th r v n f p l d Sph d nd Ap d ( l n t t t d th p rf l ( n l d d n rr 19 7 p r l th n d Sph d G ld lt n (19 n t n th t ph d f r th r ntr b t n t th pr nt t d h f th r n l t n v r ll tr t d n l f l t t d f ld r f r h h d n b t n 1971 nd 1975 th t th b h ld n n n b ll tt d p r bl r n v z th f l Ap d nd th t th Sph d nd • r n pl t r n 1 - b t n 1st nd nd Ap d h ld b r p d t th r n p rf l Ap - d d l ll ll v f n tr nd p r t fr d In th 1991 d t n f h In t f A tr l r d l pl t n b r n l ll nn tr t d th ph d n l f l n • (ln n r p b t r nl r d th f h nd l p rf l Sph d h h n l d d n th r f l xp nd d nd fl tt n d n nt r r v ; h nd b t r f h l M h n r t n ( n th r d v d d th f l ft n d r th n f ll n t r b nt t n f l r p d nt p rf l Ap d h f r t d rn l f t n f th Sph d th t f K hl (1 9 S n th n l r n b r f v l bl MO O OGY r h v pp r d p rh p th t n t bl b n th Adult. h n r l tr t r f Sph d d ff r l ttl f E Arn ld d nt M h rt Ev n fr th t f th r l t n pt r G d d r p- G v j K Kr b n l r Ο t n f th rph l f d lt Sph d r v n n h lt A S M n S t W l K h ldt (1975 nd h rt M n (197 h f ll - n E rn r nd A W ll n In 197 h rt n nt v n t l d t th t r d n th M n n nt l `Sph d W p f th W rld nd d r pt n f th r h ph d b d pr n r r v n p bl h d nd ll b nt r thr t t th h d th b r n th l nd n th f l h t rt d th th t b t b n nd th t Head ( l h h d rth n th n ll l nd p h thp rt r n r ll r tr t d IAG OSIS nd l r l n l d b h nd th nd bl h t nd rd d rth n th ; l r ; f l th 1 nt nn l p lp l f r l n p - ( x x ll r p lp nt rt l l th 13 r n t v bl j n d t nd f r l b l p lp nt b t th h b r d d th r x ( nl p l d n h h th pr n t thr h t th Sph d n v r t f p ll h th n p t r r r n th t n r d v r th t ; n r d r v d r p l d n r ( t 5-3 n th p t r r r n f pr th r x r l tr n t ft n l nd Cr br n n h nd bl tr n l d v- l r th n t nd ll p r t d fr t b l p d f r b t n r p n nd d n pr nt f l n tr t n t d th r d ll r t r r t x n h r t r Wh r th r r t b l t th r n f n t l t r ll th r nd d xt n n th t th p x n h r ll d th pp r t th (= p r r r pr n t l l b h h v r th p r l r n t l l b nt r r t th n r nd th th r th l r l t l ll p r t d fr t l S t ll t th (= nf r r r p t r r In dd t n th l ( nn r nt n th d r l p rt f pl r n nd l th d h v l r ( r pr x l nd n r ( r l n n p t n r br h n d pr n b ll n nn r d t l t th h l th r n t h r t p n th xt rn l d f b t r ( b nt n b ; p t n pp d b ( t r d n rr n nd Cr br n n All th pl nt r p t n t nn r t b l p r d h r t th r p f ll d t n t nd f n d r bl t x - tr ht nbr n h d n n th l nd p h l br Sph d n b d t n h d fr b f ll rt l t d d t ll n th l p b h nd h h t Sph d • d h r ll pl ( 1 n r ll p rtl r pl t l n l d h l p • r n pl t r n nd b f M b t n nd l r pl t n th l r f It p l d v r d d l ll nd nd r 3rd b r n l ll ll v v r bl nd f r t t x n ll t th p f n tr nd j n d t r d l pl t n b r n l ll l v l h fr n l r r xt nd n fr th p t l • t r n d f d; h nd b t r f f l n t ( r fr nt - l p l t r t th nt r r ( d n ll h d r th n th f ll n t r h nt nn ( 11 r n r ll n rt d l n th • At l t b d h r br n h d r pl ( fr n h l r f r t rt l t r d th p th ll 1 b nd rt l th p d l nd th r n n rt l t r d fl ll r ll t v l pr th fl ll ( h nt nn f h h r n t p d f thr tr Oft n h h-p r d r p n r t r n th nt th p p d l nd fl ll h fl ll h r t r At l p r t n b d t t d b th l ht b ntl b bd v d d nt n t th fl l- r fl t d ff th x ll f th br n h h h r t r f l h n rt n ph d-l pr t v b n h h th b t r l r h h r rph l ll n t tr nt n t bv l br d r th n d n t r r nd n t fl t- f th th n t pr n ph d nt nn r t n d n th d ll d rt l r th r th n nt In ll l nd
—9— p f l h v 1 nt nn l rt l h l l b h ldt (1975 h l b G ld lt n (19 h v 13 h r l t v z f fl ll r — p ll th nd b nn (1991 f r t f r — v r f l f r d t n h n b t n p - h pr th r x n t f t l nt th pr n t M l Cr br n n ft n h v n l nl r nt (d r l nd l t r l nd th pr pl r n (l t r l nd l t r - f rt n nt nn l rt l h h r p f ll d t n t v ntr l h pr th r x v ntr ll h t l l n- h p nd r v r l r nd th r h p ( n t d t th th r x h pr n t h d r l th pp r nt x dth f th n d n fr nt l p t r r ll r nd r nd d p t r l t r l l b h h v r l t v t th x dth f th l p v r th th r p r l h ll r ft n b r f l f r d t n h n b t n p p ll d r l tr n v r r n h h b h rp nd b f l nd d r t . h xt nt t h h th pr d d d r l t r ll nt p n r t th-l pr nv r b v nd b l f l n r p h ( n d r t rb n l r . h h p f th t p f th h d t r d th v rt x xt nd fr th ll r p n -l h r l n l f n d r bl t x n tr n l t th t p f th p t l r n hr ll r f r d t n h n b t n l nd p f d pr nt n l nd p th d n nt r r l- r t . In ll ph d th p t r r r n f th ll r l nd th t t r h nd ( r p t r r ll h h r tr ht l n h pr pl r n h t l l n- r d d t -l ll r r n h ph x n r n t d th th pr n t nd t v f nt r . h h p nd xt nt f d t n t v l r l n t b l n n t th f r l h ll d pr n b t n th p nd nd th h th r x d v d d d r ll nt t l r t h nd ll h r t r d rb t l f v nd t th nt r r t ( t nd th t ll On ll d f l r pr rb t l f v r f r f n d- th t v r l p r d f rr r r n r th r bl t x n f r d t n h n b t n d ll t t d d d n l n nd l t r l t th th l nd p f d r t . h b f th h d n t l nd th h rt p r p d l l n An v d pl t b t n th nd b l r b t r rb t nd p t l b v th b f th f r n ll d th t l r n t r d th n (= t pl r h h Sph d l p r t t rn th nt r l t r l p t b nd d b th f r n n nd th p - nd v ntr l p rt f th th r x t r d th - t l r n pl r n l th f r n b th pl r l Head ratios. S v r l r t b t n p rt f th h d fl n h h f r th pp r l t f th b l r r h v b n d n th r ( 1 b O OO th l th b l r r tr n v r d pr n th r t f th d t n b t n th p t r r ll (p t- b l r f l th b l r f th h p p r l ll r l n nd th d t n b t n n p t r r ll r b nd d v ntr ll b th r b p t h t nd th n r t p nt n th p nd ( ll - l r b v nd b h nd th ddl f th pl r n nd th l n h d t n b t n th p nd n b r b l l h h h r z nt l r v th t p measur d n thr pl UID th pp r nt r l r thr h th r b A r hl v rt l r v th p t r- d t n MID th ddl nt r l r d t n nd I th n l l r n t n th b l r f nd xt nd l r nt r l r d t n S th h rt t fr nt l v ntr ll p r t n ff th pr p t ( r p n d t n th r t t fr nt l nv r n f th h h th nt r r p rt f th pl r n r th h x br dth f th h d t r d th tr n f l pr n t l l b th rv d p t- p r l r r n h n d t n (TFD), nd th h ht fr l p t v rt x th pr nt nt r d r l f th p t rn l l h f l d t n (FD). MID r pr nt th d t n b t n l h n pr nt r d r r n r n t n th t th r r t t r n t n h r t S b l th pr n t l l b nd xt nd n p t r v ntr ll f l h r t r f r d t n h n b t n f l f hr h r z nt l r v l r l n r v ntr d d r t rb n l r nd . r , f r x pl f th r b n l th pl r l ( r v th l f l r t h p r t rn l ( l nd th n ( h rt l n Mesosoma ( 1 -1 h n t f th t t d v ntr l t r ll In Sp l n p f d pr th r x th r x nd t th r x pl th f r t v rt l l r n t t th p x f th pr n t l l b tr bd n l nt th pr p d h h p - ( 1 h rt M n (197 t t d th t t p t n r t d fr th r t f th bd n nd f n t n p rt f nd t th t t ld th r b d pl d l th th r x r th r n th th r x nd pr p d r r d pl d p t rn l l nd h th l tt r nt r- ll d r b d n t f r h h t l t t n n pr t t n rd (19 7 nt rpr t d t nt r d r ll n h v b n v n n f th t ll n It t r d p t rn l l nd nt r v ntr ll n l t- th r x b h rt M n (197 th r x nd pr p d n t th nt r r b nd r f th h p r t rn l h
—10— pl r n d l n t d p t r rl b th pl r l th r n bd n th r nl p rt f th t r h h nd b l t th x l v t A bd n th nt t th r r t r d th t - pr x l l rv r nd n fr nt f th x p r t- h nt r r p rt f th t fr ntl n t n f pl r n th pr x l l b pr d d nt d t n t p t l nn (1991 d th h t th r x b r th h nd n It r pr nt d t r ` t r f r th r n p t r r t th p t l nd d r ll b th t n t f h h th ntr l p rt th ` t f r t r pl p t l S th r d r ll ft n r d nd b nd d l t r ll b ` t r f r th nt r r n n n f ` t d pr n h t p tn t n Ap r t t nd t b In th r ` t r d n th n f nn nv n t d r f d t dj nt l r t In Sph d (1991 h t n Sph d ll n t f x th t p tn t r tl nl r d f r p t r r v bl nt n th f l nd v n n th l xp n n f t f r th d r l `tr n l r r f th pr - S nt nd 9 r h hl d f d t f r th t n p d ( h f r rl r rd d rph l ll pp r t ( nd t d tr t r n f l nd t r - p rt f th pr p d A f n t n l t th r p r l n l nt r d f d t f r th n t l n l r b h nd th h nd n t r ll th t th r x Wh n th nt r r p rt f th t pr d d nt n t f th t pl r n h h ft n d v d d b p t l t d p th r f th f r t t rn l n r f tr n v r pl r l l n nt pp r nd l r r th f r t t rn and t r In th l tt r t b r h pr p d th f r t bd n l nt f p r l In n f r nd p rt l rl n f l th Ap r t b nd d b th t pl r l l h r l t v bl t r — th p d ( r p p — n p pr p d l p r l h pr p d b r b r p d l pl t h ll fl tt n d r d f n d v r r d nd r v h h r f l t x n - b l t r l r n r v r h rp n l h ll ll nv r p ll t f r tr n l r r U- h p d pl t Wings ( 15 b h t r n l f r th n d th p d l pl t It b th p n t t r r - h r tl f ll th t f G ld lt n (19 h h p n t t h r r h rl nd d n l n t d n l l b d n th t f h rd (195 t th t th b- b pr nt r b nt h p d f r t t x - r n l ll h v b n ll d b t l ll b n p rt n t th p l v l th r nd th t th r - r -v n r ft n ll d th Male genitalia ( 1 17 In Sph d th l `tr n v r b t l v n h b l nd b-b l ll r n t l h n d r bl v r t n r t v l th ft n t r d th d l ll nd b d l ll ( b d n d rr nd d b th v l ll h h h h rt M n (197 h - r -v n r ll d n nn r rt l t n p rt th p ( p v l ll r nd th `r rr nt v n S r r t r th h nd n n t r t t n r p l xt n n t r d th d t v n r - th `tr n v r d n v n th d h b n (d t v l ll r Ext rn l t th th p r r ( r ll d th b t l v n nd th b t th `d d l n t l th t r p air d pp nd f l n t l v n h n l r ft n ll d th `v nn l r nd th h p r r t d v d d nt pr x l nd n l l b th `v nn l l b d t n f v n t n n th d t l r ( d l n t d p : 1 A f r n h rr d tl thr h th l f n r r d r v d nd t n pr nt n n ph d n r b r n l nd d d l ll nd b h rt n n h h th v l ll n t d ff r nt t d nt d t nd f th r n l ll p th p h v n f d th th d t r n r th Legs. h l r l ttl d ff r nt fr th f t th r h v n b n l t In th l nd Cr br n n th l t n pt r h f r l f f l r ft n d t v l ll r ft n v t l l t b nt ( d f d f r d n n ntl th t r b r n 17 In n n p th v l ll r tl nl r d th t r d r f t t ll d fl x d p n (th nd p rtl f d th th p r r (th v l ll n t bl t r l p t n r r r x ll n th f r l b t r l r n . p n l , l n . r . th r d p r n t n h h t th r th th p l p r n th t b f r n nt nn l l n r A l r Adult variation r d v r n th h nd l h n b r f d- CO OU A d r f p r ll l ph n t p l l r dl t b l p r d ff r n v r ph d r p nd v r t n r n h p l , d r t , nd Sp l n , ll n t nt th n bf l b t x pt n r n h h th p r p l r n n rth rn r r r nd Metasoma. h r n n bd n l nt r d r r n th rn l r r n S h v r t n n b p r t d fr th pr p d ( rph l ll th f r t pr n n d b t n t tr n n th l nd nt b v r pr n n d n tr t n nd r v r p l d ( rr 197 19 7 In ll th b v thr b l p ll n th v rt l pl n f n t n n t - ph d n r ll r b ll r th rd
-1 1 — In h p l th t r tl f lv -br n n rth f h nd bl r t th d n th nn r d nd r f l l t t d 37°S nd tl bl th f l t t d 5°S t x n ll h x ll r l r nd d t ll pp rt S UC U E. Str t r l v r t n nl n ll t p p ll f h h th t r p p ll ll th l r t ff nt t d ff lt th d nt f t n W n b r thr r f r n ll h p p ll th x ll r v n t n t v r bl f r x pl , n p n p lp h nn r p p ll h h th l h t p l l n r ll h thr b r n l ll n th f r n n ll h b d f th x ll d p f th t p b t t t h l n l nd v d l h v t h d n p rt th l n l r ll tr n l b r n l ll n n n nd thr n th th r p n l h l b d p f l r p t nt Sp l n p h n d r bl v r t n In S. nd ll pr nt h pr nt b r th n - n z l th l r fr nt l d n l n t d n l r n v r nt l l b l p lp h h n r ll rr thr p l v r bl All tr v r t n t r lt n ll n ll nd l l r bl th x ll r p lp h nd v d l b n d ff r nt t l r nd v d l f th pr nt l b r d ll th p nn r t ( 1 p p l t n In d r t lb p , r , nd rb n Body. h b d f f r h t d pr d v nt- l r f l th p l r n f th l p nd th t r ll th nv x d h r r t n bd n l - p l nd b l r t th h nf n v r t n ( p nt t r ll th r r f pl r l l b h 3 b t f rt n t l d nt f t n n b d n th b tr h l t pr v d d th t p r f th r f l v r bl h r t r h th h p f th rb t l p r l nd ht p r f bd n l p r l h p r- f v th p n n th h r l n l f th pr n t l l pl x tr t r ( h pr r tr h l ll r nd th l t r l r n f th p d ( nd th r p n n l b t n th b l- h p d tr nd th h r t r l t d n th p f d n b tr n xp nd d r n h h xt nd pr x ll Surface microsculpture ( d lt r d n th t n tr t n n th tr h h b l r n f th r r d f n d nd ll tr t d n rr (1979 tr rr nd n th pr r tr h l p n n t r d th ll r nd r d n th tr n th r n fr ntl Final-instar larva ( 79- b r l r ll r p n Sp n l pr tr d fr th h f n l- n t r l rv l r t th t f t Ap r t nt rn l ll f th d t l p rt f th b tr h ll Unl th f p l d p r l n th nd - f th tr pr j t l htl b v th n r l b d nt r n t r d d h t p rt nt r n th rf t f r r fr h h n rr tr n p r nt rph l nd t x n f ph d l rv r th f nn l th p r tr l htl n tr t th tr l p n- Ev n n (195 195 b Ev n (1957 195 1959 n h p r l v r p f ll nd pr v d d nd Gr nd (19 1 h ldt (197 pr v d d v r d t x n h r t r v rv th t n r f Sph d rr n n nn nd nd n r C l (19 d r b d th t r t f n p n l n l nd Head. h h d p l ( 9 tr n l r t d I E CYC E l htl p nt d nd b r l r n fr nt l v A p r h ph d h t l n t - v d - h p d f bl p nt d p r t l b nd r t pr nt nd l htl rv d rv r h t l t f f r n th pp r p rt f th h d h nt nn r th r v r h n pt r f r ( ph l th h t h- r h rt n - nt d th thr ll p l n ll r tr n l nt t l h f n l- n t r l rv l t ll th nt nn l p p ll b b nt th t th n ll tt n d n l th n 3 nd n- p nn n - r d r tl fr th nt nn l rb t h nt r r t nt - n l th n nth ft r th l d h l rv r l r r v bl th p nt d l n n th r d ft n n rp r t nt th rf f th n t r l f th l p nd r nt n th th n n f th fr th fl r f th ll h fr nt r f d r n nt nt b v h nd b l r b th pl r t l nd nd r n ( 11 -11 C n f p f th n n h l tt r r nt th th h p t l d r t r f th t p h r h p l n r th n n h h xt nd b fr th p t r r rt - th C n f l nd p f n r l t n f th nd bl t th p t r r t nt r l r h l ndr l tt r h-b ff nd r nd d t th r nd l br ll d v l p d b l ll b l b d nd h h r th f S l phr n r br n nd h n n C - d n l n t d n l f rr It b r n b r f n f Sp l n r v r th n h t nd - h p d n ll th n b r nd d p t n f h h r ft n Alth h n p n l b v lt n t - p - p f nd f r t t x n v l h nd r- l nd ph d r n v lt n r v r bl r n t n d f th l br th p ph r nx ll p n l d r t lb p n v lt n n pl ( l
— 2— Str MK b v lt n n th r nd p bl lt v lt n ph x n rr pl r n f n t v r h n n t th r b t t h nt r pr p p l d p All n t b rr d n nd d l n t d p l nd ph d p nd t l t th nt r n pr p p l pl p r l d f n l- n t r r r t rp ll r n d p h f ll n pr n th pr p p lt nt n h ll n t n nd S l phr n p d n t x r t p p h h h t t p n d pr n th h h th f ll th p d r h n th r p r d ll bd n p l d v l p nt t b t 1 d nd n ntr d d nt l nd (n S l phr n p n d lt r n rr ntl t bl h d h r Sp l n p r n t nd pl p r l d thr p n h l f d-b r n n t An b p n t t (C l pt r An b d r t r f r l nd Sph d r l t d n ES I G E A IOU bl 1; pr p r l t d n App nd x 1 h t l nd n p pr tl n rb b p d r . p n l d ll n r v n Behavioural sequences b r r v rh n nd n- d tr t r n l d n l l t r p xh b t t n f h nt n f ld n f br . r n t n b tl h l n d b h v r p l r t h p M l h v (19 d v- d r t p n t n th r nd . lb p , . d th f ll n f r l f r d n t n th h nt n r , nd . rb n l r n t tl n nd h r n lb p pr n fl nd d lt t n t th th r A hunting t t n nl pt r . d l , . h b r , nd n th v t p rr tt n t n l h r th f r t t pr v n ll th tt n nd p r l n t pt r nd p rr tt pr v n x l v l th C l - tr n p rt n t t p rt l r pl f r t p r r pt r p n l nd p f h p l n t n h ll t B preparation of the nest nd n b tl h l n d Ar r t rb n r b n pl f r th n t b th pl 1- r - ll d n t nd p nd 5- b d n th n t r p r n t ll b n d 1 - ll d n t n r l t v l d p l r h b n th v t n th pr h h t f ll th p ttl b n ph (C r p d h C transporting the prey to the nest and installing it dr n th pr t th n t n p t n th n t dr n th pr nt th n t Table 1 Ord r f rthr p d d pr b Sph d D oviposition n l nd E closing the nest ei closing the cell C ASS A AC I A l n th n t Ord r A Α EAΕ Pison r , . p n l Ev n Eb rh rd (197 pp 11 -119 rr n d h nt- n n n n v l t n r n l d n fr C ASS I SEC A pl t d r v d n th d r t n f l b h v r Ord r A O EA h ph x n rr f ll Ord r CO EO E Α d r t p rr tt (1) Prey-egg . Ord r I E A d r t lb p , P. rb n l r, P. n t d ; l d d r tl n h t h b r , P. r , P. d l , h p l perforator, (2) Prey-niche-egg-(closure) . z l nd r ht t d pr n b rr nd dr d E EME O E A d r t lb p , r Ord r Ρ. b nt t b rr
Ord r ΗΕΜΙΡΤΕ Α Ar r t rb n r (3 Prey-nest-egg-closure Ord r E I O E A d l n p , h p l r ht b f r n t d r dr d nt l nd pr - x t n h l h h b b ntl d - Ord r ECO E A d r t lb p f d b p Ord r ΡSOCO E A h p l z l nd (4a) Nest-prey-egg-closure Ord r YSA O E A Sp l n rl , S. l nt l , S. t d b f r pr ht r n t , S. n z l (4b) Nest-prey-egg-[cell closed and new cell prepared- Ord r IC O E A d r t lb p , P. r prey-egg]"-closure
—13— t d b f r pr ht M lt - ll d n t n AU A E A IO S I S r nd nd r f ll n h ll t r b tl h l r l t r f d ll h l nd ph d f n n t f n d n- (5 t-pr - -(pr "- l r r t x f r ntl rr v d p nd r G nd- An l d n ll pr t nd th n t n n l nt r pr nt d b th Cr br n n b ntl f ll d th dd t n l pr b f r b n d l n r n ll j r t p r t nd tr p l l d l nd r f th rld x pt S th A r . t d n (5b t-pr - -(pr "-[ ll l d nd n ll t v r b p d pr d ( th rn l r t pr p r d-pr - -(pr "]"- l r t l nd n t th A r ; p p r h f l n t n b t r f p r t nl n A tr l nd l nd Sp l n r pr - ll t b n l r lt - ll d h p nt d n v r z r ph l r n th n 5% f v p t n th f r t pr t b t r nl th p n ll t n fr A tr l nd S th A r- n th l t n r d r b d Of th f r l nd p S. (5 t-(pr "- -[ ll l d nd n ll pr - rl nd S. r n t r nl n l nd h l p r d-(pr "- ]"- l r S. n z l nd S. l nt l r f nd l n A tr l h th d n bl th p n p r d f r t h ph x th l r t n n th rr n th v r 35 t f ll ll v r p r d f v r l d b f r l n d r b d v l d p It r n ll nt n nt nd a egg. v n n ll n l nd h r t r pr nt d b ( t-pr - -(pr - l r n l p . n rr th nl l nd In dd t n t br n n n pr v r v r l d th p Alth h n r n rld- d t f th pr r d d rd n t th z f th l rv v p r n th S th rn ph r nd th rd f ` n p t n tr p th r f nd n A tr l M n nd f r h v ( b t-pr - -(pr -[ ll l d nd n ll v lv d n l nd n th f O n Of th t p d -pr - -(pr ]"- l r pr nt n l nd . p n l r l n A - r r v pr v n n f th rt nv lv n d- tr l ( n l d n n h l . r r n - r bl nt t b t n d lt nd l rv S h r l h p l h p l t n d tr b t n t pr r v pr v n r t ll l n th ll f th b n r Ap rh p l ( n p nd l rh p d br t fr nt nt rv l h h lp l n t l (t p r nl n l nd d r t p r t nd pr d t r f th ph d l rv n n nl fr S th A r A tr l nd (7 t- -(pr - l r l nd th x l nd p pr n th A f ph d l n n t n th f r t pr b t n nd b n r h . Ar r t r pr nt d n pt ll h fr th f l fr th n - n ll f n l r n x pt th Eth p n Sp r t f h nt n f r pr b f r v p t n nd fr n n fr n f th l nd f th t rn f b t th d n r f ntr d n p r t t th t pr A rb n r th nl Ar r t n l nd d p t d p t r bbr v t n l nd ph d p p t n 1 nd h f ll n bbr v t n r d f r r p t r d l n t d p p p t n 3 nd ΒMΝΗ t r l t r M nd n U K h l th th r p tl p p t n b Sp l CMNZ C nt rb r M Chr t h r h n d ff r fr th r l nd ph d n th t S. FCNZ Ch b r C ll t n d Op - n z l nd S. l nt l , t l t ft n n t n ll n v r l f l h r n n b rr LCNZ n ln Un v r t n ln C nt rb r l nd p f h ph x, h p l , d r t , Ar r t , nd Sp l n n t r r l NZAC l nd Arthr p d C ll t n Mt Alb rt b n r nd p t h nt n n n l l r p d b r- r h C ntr A l nd r f th p h h r n t h r d th th r ΟΜΝΖ Ot M Gr t K n Str t n d n f l h n b rr l l ft p n d r n N.Z. pr v n n n n l f t r b t l d b t- USNM Un t d St t t n l M f t r l - n v t b n E r n nd A r n p t r W h n t n C U S A
—1 — KEY ΤΟ S ECI AE h p d l ( (p h ph x K OW OM EW EA A —M ddl t b th p l p r ; v rt x l r nd thl r nd d; d t n tl d v r n b v ; h nd ll n r l ( (p 57 Ar r t 1 M t tr n l p t l t th 1 t nt l n nd th n ( 1 - ... 2 —M t n t tr n l p t l t th 1 t nt n t Sp l n l n nd th n ( 3-5 9 1 Ant nn th 1 rt l th fl ll r b r n f n p b n ; t th v bl nt (1 r n th r 3 b r n l ll ( 1 l 5 55 ; nt nn l n r th n t dth f —Ant nn th 13 rt l th fl ll r b r n h d S ECI AE 3 h rt bl l f r rd-d r t d br tl ; t — r n th 1 b r n l ll ( - ; th 7 v bl nt M l 5 nt nn h rt l th n t dth f h d C A O I AE 4 (1 M pl r n th t n p t rn l l ; h d l n r th n d ; p d h rt d nd fl t d r- 3( Int nt bl nd r n ; f r n r n l ll v ntr ll pr d (p l nt l p r t d fr n p x b r th n t l n th ( —M pl r n th n p t rn l l ( 1 ; h d 5 ; f l f r t r th r f t l n r th n d r th n l n ; p d l t r ll pr d 3 dth f nt (p 1 d l n —Int nt bl nd ll ; f r n r n l ll 3( r n d n n l p d UI l rl h rt r th n p r t d fr n p x b l th n t n l n th I ; p l r n f l p th d n n n ( 55 ; f l f r t r th t r f t n -th rd f t t t l dth (p 5 r n t l n r th n dth f nt (p 1 S l phr n — r n n t bv l d n n l p d l t r ll r r l bp r ll l; p l r n f l p th ( b ( h nd t b th br tl f n r l l n th h rt d n n n l rl h l th n n -th rd ( 19 ; p l r n f l p th d n l b f t t t l dth n t l rl pr j t n ll f r rd f l t r l l b ( nl l ttl n P. carbonicolor) ( 33- 3 ; l p (3 Ep p th l v r h rt ppr x t d n t r tl d f d EMA ES p d th t l n t d n l r n t p x nl n t n l n d n r n ( 9 5 (p 3 d r t d n d r l l n t d n l fl t r (p rl — b ( h nd t b th r d d h rt br tl ( —Ep p th r d h rp- d d l t r l r n x- 19b ; nt r r r n f l p n t l rl pr - t nd n fr b t p x nd n l n d n j t n f r rd th t l t r l l b ( 3 39 ; f d r l l n t d n l fl t r (p n z l l t r l l b pr nt th n l p r tl d f d nd t rn d t rd th r d l n t d n l d n 5(1 M pl r n th t n p t rn l l ; l r r d th d n nd l t r l l b nt r rl p r t d fr n l rl th ll tr n l r p t b nd d b b v r ll d p n n th h l n t t t n l p nd nt nn l l r t th `h p t n n rn t l b ll h d d n l b th tr l t r l f n n rd (p l nt l l b r d nt r ( 37 EMA ES p d b - —M pl r n th n p t rn l l ; l r fr n t d b l n t d n l d n r n ( 51-53 th t n bv l rl d r t d ll tr n- th t n pl t nd pr nt b l l r p t b nd d b l p nd nt nn l t b r l (p 5 h p l l r t
5(1 E n t h d ( 7 (p 3 n (5 r n v r nt r r l f t ll d v d d nt —E n t n t h d ( f v b r f tr n h h r -r d ; p l r n f l p th br d d p d n n n (5 d nd r 3 l n (p Sp l n d r th n n - rt r t t l dth f l p — d v r 3 l n 7 (p 5 r n t — r n v r nt r r l f t ll nt r n t d v- 7( M ddl t b th 1 p l p r; v rt x ll; d d nt f v b tr n r -r d th l d t n tl nv r n b v ; h nd ll v t l r -r d nl ; l p d ll th ll h rt
15 n n l rl h h rt r th n n - rt r t t t l (1 Ant nn th 1 t fl ll r l rl h l n r dth th n n th r ( ; p p th p r f n v r h rt br tl (digyalos r p 3 7( Cl p f lv t br n ll br n n v r p- —Ant nn th 1 t fl ll r n t bv l h p r n nt n l h t h (p earlyi l n r th n any th r; p p th r l t v l —Cl p p l f lv ll ll pp r n n- d n d r t l l n r br tl ( x pt par- t n l h t h (p nozela rotti, h r h r r p r nd f n b t l n
3( t l l n t l nd r l ttl l n r th n h nd n f r ( 7 ; d n l b f l p r n t ( rv d n rd ; t n t ll ; nt nn ll 1 Cl p th l r pr tr d n d n l b t p x / r n (p 3 chambersi ntl r nd d n v r t ; nt nn th 1 rt l ; — t l bbr v t d r l t v l h rt nd th l ttl t th v bl nt l h rt r th n h nd f r ( ; d n l b f —Cl p th l r pr tr d n d n l b t p x l p r t l n r; t n t nd nt nn bl h rpl p nt d t ; nt nn th 13 rt l ; t - (p digyalos th 7 v bl nt M l 3 ( r t nt f t h rt t t v r th (1 d th v r h rt h r n r ll h rt r th n L/W b t 3 ( 7 ; p l r n f l p th dth f th t nt nn l rt l ; fl ll r 1 b- p n -l l t r l pr j t n xt nd n ll b nd l n l n th t fl ll r nd 3; f r n b- d n l b ( 3 (p parrotti r n l ll r l t v l l r n v n M b t 35× — r t nt f t l n th n p t l t /W l n th f ll 3 (p 31 morosum b t 3 ( ; p l r n f l p th — d th v r l n p l p h r l n r th n l t r l pr j t n n t xt nd n ll b nd d n dth f n nt nn l rt l ; fl ll r 1 v r l b ( 33 5 h l n r th n n th r nt nn l rt l ; f r n b r n l ll v r ll v r bl r d d n 5(3 r 7 th p d l d r l r n pl t l v n M ll b t × l n th f ll 3 t d r t d b l t r l r n th l ttl r d b v ll r r b nt (p 33 spinolae rf xt nd n fr p x t nl l ttl b nd d n nt fr h h p nt d r l t r l 3(1 M t th t rn b r n l r bl nt t - r f t r 7 v r r nd d ( 9 ; pr n t n b r l n th r d f dl n ; b d th v r h rt d r l v th l t r l h r l r n l r n nt h r n r ll h rt r th n dth f th t nt nn l h rp b l b d r d th nt r r nd p t r r t - rt l ; fl ll r 1 b l n l n th t fl ll - b r l p r t d b ddl th nt r r t b r l r nd 3; f r n b r n l ll 1 r l t v l l r r nd l t ( ; ll f d r t z l r n v n M b t 35× l n th f ll 3 (l n th -11 5 (p 3 albipes (p 31 morosum — r 7 th p p l d r l r pl t l d - —M t th v ntr l rf r l t v l th l - r t d b l r t r d l t r l r n xt nd- n l r r d tr t r b d f h p p ; b d n l t f ll l n th f p p ; pr n t n th v r l n p l p h r l n r th n dth f d r l v th l t r l h r l r n l th r bl nt th t nt nn l rt l ; fl ll r I l n r th n n h rdl r d nd n t h h r th n d n r r r n th r nt nn l rt l ; f r n b r n l ll II t pl t h h h rp n f - d d l th t v r ll v r bl r d d n v n M ll b t bl nt nt r r nd p t r r t b r l nd l rl × l n th f ll III t ll r r b nt h h r th n d n pr n t l r ; ll f d r t (p 33 spinolae t l r z (l n th 5-1
d r t ( r h (5 d n fr nt l v th fr n ll pp r n 1 M t th v bl nt ; nt nn th 1 l t d v bl ( nt r r p rt f p nd rt l l ( /S l th n ll b t 3 3 ( —M t th 7 v bl nt ; nt nn th 13 ; d n p l r n f l p pr j t n ll rt l M l 7 b nd l t r l l b ( 3 ; nd bl th p l
– 16 – t th ll p r t d th r x f r d r d v r n Rhopalum nd l r t th ll h rt r th n pp r t th ( 1 M t th v bl nt ; nt nn th 1 9 ; pr n t n d r l v th l t r l r n l rt l l r n t pl t h h h rp n f - d d l th- —M t th 7 v bl nt ; nt nn th 13 t bl nt nt r r r p t r r t b r l ( 5 rt l M l (p 1 carbonicolor — d n fr nt l v th fr n ll pp r n l ttl (1 Ant nn l fl ll r 1 l t t l n n r th n h lf dth f v bl ( nt r r p rt f th r th r (p 51 perforator p nd ( /S r t r th n ll —Ant nn l fl ll r 1 h l th n t l n b t ( 1 ; d n p l r n f l p n th r th fl ll r l t b l 3 n t pr j t n r dl b nd l t r l l b ( 35 ; nd bl th p l t th p r ll l r l t v l l 3( r p d th l t r l r n xt nd n fr n r p r t d nd b l (l r t th h rt r nd n r- p r l t p t r r r n th n h h r d bl d - r r n albipes) ( 3 ; l l r t th f r fr l nd l t tr n p r nt v r ll b t t nt r r ; b f nd bl ( 3 ; pr n t th d r l t r l p p th d n l n t d n l r n nt r r n l bl nt n d r l v ( f h rp nd r d n ll d f n d fr b t p x t p h h r d ; albipes) ... (p 3 cora p d l h ld r l t v l fl t n t x v t d ( 5 (p 5 aucklandi 7(1 Ant nn th 1 t fl ll r p d t b l — r p d th t l t r l r n fr n r p r l r bl n p d l nd th r fl ll r r l t v l t p t r r r n; p p th d n l n t d - n d f d ( b digyalos r p n l r n n t tt n n p x pr nt nl b l —Ant nn n t b v ... 9 t b r l ; p d l h ld p ll x v t d h rl v r h n n ( 53 (p 55 zelandum (7 M t n t ll ; nd bl h t h- ll ; nt- nn ll / r n ; p t l f t l n nd (1 Ant nn th fl ll r 1 v r t l n l nd r ( 7 (p 3 chambersi p d l nd n th r fl ll r ( 5 ; l p —M t n t nd bl nd nt nn bl ; p t l f r tl d f d th d n l b l r pr t b r nt t bbr v t d r l t v l h rt nd th ( l t d p ll r d t rd th p l b rd r (p digyalos th ll n n n th r d p r t n n rr pt rn d pr j t n l htl h rt r th n ntr l p rt 9(7 r t nt f t h rt t t r l t v l ( 37b (p 51 perforator v r th t p x n t n d l r ( 7 ; h r l n l —Ant nn th fl ll r 1 l ttl l n r th n n f pr n t l ll r thl r nd d th t r d d r th r; l p th d n l b pl l n t th-l r n l (p parrotti ll p l p r ll l n n n th r d p r t n — r t nt f t l n th n p t l t th pr j t n ( 39b 5 p x n d l r ( ; h r l n l f pr n t l ll r pr d d nt r d d r n l ( - 1 5( r p d th l t r l r n n p t r r h lf th n h h l t tr n p r nt bl d ; p p 1 (9 Ant nn th b l fl ll r n d f d ll th n nd t n t d n l n t d n l r n l r t p l n ; ll fl ll r h rt r r r h n p x; t v r tt n t d n d r l l l ndr l nd r l t v l v r br d ( 1 v th d f 1 t nd nd nt pp r n b- (p 3 albipes p r ll l; t n t ll ll —Ant nn th b l fl ll r d f d p d (p 5 aucklandi t r pr j t n ( 3 11 — r p d th t l t r l r n n p t r r h lf; p p th t d n l n t d n l r n t 11(1 Ant nn th p d l r tl xp nd d; 3rd fl - p x n v n ll d r t n nd b nd d b r d ll r p ll th l r l b l r xp n n ( l t r l r n ; 1 t nt f t r l t v l (p 1 carbonicolor h rt nd br d; t n t n t ll —Ant nn th p d l n d f d; nd fl ll r n (p 55 zelandum d r l t r l v r tl nl r d t p l h lf pr - j t n ( 3 (p 3 cora
–17– ESC I IO S Diagnosis. r r d nd bl p d h rt nd br d r n bp r ll l n f l Su ami y S EC AE th n t nv r n b l b t nv r n b l n l M nd bl n f l l r nd v r l n th p t Adult. Ant nn l n f l f r ll n rt d n r 3 l l r t th n l h rt r nd tr n l rv d ddl f f th 1 rt l n f l nd 13 n l th nl n l l l r t th M nd bl th t n t h r n l n xt rn v ntr l h r x S t th d d n l n nt b- r n Cl p l r r n t ll l n t th x ll nd th r p lp v r l n n b th x pr n t l l b br dl p r t d fr t l ; n bl r n th 3 b r n l ll th nd j n d b b th t l r n Ep t rn l l ll pr nt xt nd n r rr nt v n M ddl nd h nd l v r l n ; f r t r t nt r v ntr l r n f pl r n; l b nt r - f f l th v r l r r ; ddl t b th p r p d ll v r l n th pr p d l t rn t pr nt M t th p t l l ndr l p d nl f r ll th l r r l r n ll th 3 1 t t rn ; p t l t br dl b nd d v ntr ll b b r n l ll nd r rr nt v n ; j l l b l r pr p d l t rn t ; 1 t t rn (p t l r h n b f p n t f n l r ; h nd n th t b t l nd t rn r 1 n d r l v h h nd h rt n v n b t th 3rd n l v n G t r th l ndr l p t l l t r l v th p r l l t d b d f t rn I p x ll p d f t rn 1 b t d pl d t r 1 f r n p rt f p t l n A ph l n ; t r 1 Remarks. G n Podalonia r n t p rt f th th t l t r l r n ; p d l pl t b nt M l n - rld x pt S th A r All p r nf n d t t l th v l ll h v n p nd ( ll v bl nd l xp d t nl ht h n l - ll d nd r- d t S x l d rph pr n n d M l n r ll r nd n t r t d th l-l v n l p d pt r th n rr r f th n f l nd th rb t ft n l rv Onl n p r n l nd nv r n b l f n f l ft n p r ll l Cl p n f l d f d n rd n th pr - pt r nd n t n d n l d pt d f r h ld n f l d r n d l n t d ( e Gui ou p l t n t d Guillou, 1 1 p 319 (A ph l C n r Is, M d r Final-instar larva. Int nt th p n l pr nt d r hlb 1 3 ( ph l . d th p r t l b nd ll d v l p d nt nn l p p ll b nt; l br b l b d b nv x; nd bl h rt t t Podalonia tydei r n th rn E r p A rth th t th; l l n x ll r p lp r l n r; Afr A tr l nd l nd h rt M n p nn r t tr n v r l t th pr n nt r d l p (197 r n d f r b p v z senilis ( hlb 1 3 argentata ( p l t r 1 5 suspiciosa ( S th Remarks. h bf l Sph n tl btr p - 1 5 nd apakensis ( n 1971b h n l b- l nl f r f th n n t n n r rr n n E r p p pr nt n A tr l nd l nd suspiciosa, h n t x n t bl h d n l nd Podalonia r n h r l A f ll n n f r . tydei v n tydei suspiciosa (tr b A ph l n f A tr l n n h rt M n (197 r n v p f S l phr n r fr ntl nt r- pt d l v t r
d l n t d p (Smi ig. suspiciosa S th 1 5 p 1 (Ammophila); A tr l Ge us d l nl e a l nd M C rth 1917 pp 195- Ch nd- Podalonia rn ld 19 7 p 11 p p Ammophila l r 19 5 pp 1 7-11 197 p 9 (Podalo- violaceipennis p l t r 1 5 d n t d b IC nia). r t 1971 pp - h rt M n Op n n 57 (M lv ll 19 197 p 1 5 ( p f tydei). C ll n 1979 p 3 C r- Podalonia Sp n l 1 51 ppr d n Op n n d l 19 5 p l nt n W l r 1991 p 1 Psammophila hlb 1 p p p Ammo- phila affinis W.K rb 179 d n t d b rn ld Diagnosis. Female. (1 d l nd d t l (19 7 p 11 Psammophila affinis). t Psammo- h lf f t (t r - bl ; pr x l h lf f t - phila r n 1 7 ( x pt p t l f lv -r d; h d t nd
-18- x th l n lv r- h t h r ( M nd bl l r nd M pl r n nd pr p d h v l r -p n t t ; v r l n th 3 l l r t th; p x n d nt t t pr p d l n l r b nt (3 r n t t t nt r d r ll nd n ll l t r l r t r th l r r p d f v r p t ( r p d th t n n l r (5 M t - l n t ff bl br tl ; t r p f f r t r r th p t l l n th n l ndr l h l n r th n pr l n d M ddl l l n l nd r nd l v r l n h nd x p d nl f 1 t t rn b nt p t b nd l nd r f t r 1 r h n t b f t rn ( Ep p W n St ll Ap x f r n l ll bl ntl th t r n r l nd th nl f v r ll r nd d n t n n 5 h r l t r ll M t t l h l n r th n h nd x n M l A f r f l x pt f ll ( M nd bl b nt p rd t b f t r 1 r h n b f t rn th 1 l r t l l r t th; p x n d nt t Sp r l f t r 1 b d f ddl r v nl t tr n l rv d n rd t p r ll l l t th (5 rv d th t r d r r v n t l ll l t M t th p t l v r l n l ndr l l n r th n th nl f tt r d v r h ll p n t r G tr l h nd f r ( G n t l n 7 v nt r th p p l t r ll th 5 r l n bl h r r pt n l ( 1 d l n th 15 - ; f r n l n th 5-13 5 M l d l n th 1 -17 5 f r n l n th 5 - C l r d bl x pt f r nd bl (d r r d th 11 p x bl ; nd l bl ; f r n b r- C l r S l r t f l t nt d p ll th d l d; ll n v n b r; t t r S l r t f l b t th r d r ll t th p t l nd nt p t r r t III bl pl r nd pr p d v r d th l n r t lv r r nd r ( t f pr x l h lf f lv r d h r t t r d v r d th h rt d b nt lv r d t t r rf lpt r nd ll l r t p b n nd l n r t lv r- h t h r p ll f l E nv r n b l ; nn r r n tr ht b t n nt nn l t nd n fr n pr x l h lf f r n n f r n tr t n v nl v ntr d t th r l p p t nd n h r x d r ll th tt r d th l p pp r n v r l n nd n rr – UI f n h rt r t h t h r ; pl r nd pr p d th MI 3 I 9 Ant nn th p bl n - v t ; fl - l n f n p lv r- h t h r th l n r t ll r I th l n t nt nn l rt l Cl p l r lv r h r nd d b nt lv r p b n M t pl ; p l r n n f r l rv d v r h ll l tl th l ttl v t t r b t b f p t l th l n n v t ntr M nd bl th nl l l r t l r t lv r h r l r t th n d nt t ; p l t th t rv d n rd Str t r d S rf h r n d nd n v nl nd bp r ll l th l r t th p n t r d; h nd ll ll r th n nt r r ll d l M th pr n t l d t t p d– O OO b t 7 1 ; d n fr nt l l n nt r ; M t th l n r t lv r h r n pr x l h lf fr n v r d lrn t p r ll l- d d; nn r r n f f p t l th r l t th t v t t r t l tr ht n t nv r n b l Ant nn l l r t l n r th n n f l x d n l n th f h nd f r p r t d b v r h rt p t t d l r n f th n G n t l n 7 n l b l x d t r f f Ant nn th p r hl bl n - v t rv d h t d l t d p d t l t p ( M Η; n t n d lt f l p ll ; fl ll r I l rl l n r th n n th r nt- fr " rth W t C t S n v r nt r v r" nn l rt l Cl p l r th d bb nd d n (W t rn A tr l l b v r br d tr n t t p l r n v nl r t - l n r M nd bl th 3 l l r t th th 1 t t th M t r l x n d 5 d lt (31 f l 5 l nd v r l r bt th 3rd r ll n ; p x 7 l rv nd 11 p p fr t l nd d n t Sp r t n d nt t t n t M l h W h h p h M r n t r nd d t t nt r d r ll K t n Sp t M t ttl W h h nd r p nd l t r ll d r l t r ll nd l t r v ntr ll C ll r C /— p n t t d r ll S t r l t -r t r - p n t t ; d d n l n nt pr n nt; n t l l ( n l nd b t t Podalonia tydei sus- nd t n t; p r p d l l n f n S t ll l n t d n ll piciosa fr nt r f xp d nd p ll t l r n t r -p n t t M t n t r l t -r d n
–19– A t v t Ad lt r tl t v n tr n nl ht r nd r l f (f v b rv t n nd d h ll n t d pp r n h n nd t n b v r t It th n r t rn f r th t rp ll r nd l th t t th M t n M t n r n rl M r h h n t n n t pl n n n d th t t pp n t th ntr n pl r fr ntl n n th f r d n b t n p - S t t d th n t b f r f nd n pr h n h n h nd ttl W h h ( C pl ft n t f nd t rp ll r t r p dl t n t t p r l nd r n t th r f r 15- n t A l l ht n l th t t th n t h h t nt r th t t pp n r pt v f l nd r p h r th h nd bl r nd t th ntr n l t th nd p t n th t rp ll r h r n b d d r tl b v h r On th r nd nd l n n t th l tt pt t n h r n t l t t n th p x d f t n f r l (3 r -n t- - l r nd f h bd n v r th d f th f l h nd f ( t-pr - - l r th r bd n t t b t ft n th t p l t n t - n h f r t r r dr nd p rt l b - n pl At t th n br fl th n d n rd th l v n r p dl nd n n n th t h l b t th l ll th t tt pt n t t h r f nd (r th r th n n t nt tr h t t h t d ff lt b th p x f th bd - b h nd th p n th b rr th p d t d l n f th h rt r l nd h rt f th t f th f l h f r rd nt l ft r f n t nd t ll f n f r- pl fr ntl fl br fl th n l ht h n th l rd t r v r t r v l t d nd n tt pt t p l t M l t l ht fl t- t ( 115b r d nl n nd h n t n l n n n-r pt v f l fl n nd r h ll n l - ll d nd l p t l n l f 15- ° t l t r It 35- 5 l n 1 -1 d t th ntr n nd Ad lt f d n Ad lt f b th x t n t r fr n ll xp nd d t th nd f th t rp ll r t r d fl r f p h r r d t (C p t (1 b r- rl d lth h ll th t rp ll r tr ht It v t n p h K t n v r th p t t d n l t dr nd th b rr h p n l M t nd ttl W h f r d n b n nt n d b th pr n f f br pl nt r t nt n . t p f l fl l t th r nd h b rr ntr n r nd h l 1 -1 d nd l v r th nd r h n f r l l pl t b n r th l ll pt l nd b t 1 l n nd d n f r l rv f A r t ( p d pt r t d ; 5 d xt nd t Aft r th p h l d t n th ft n nt nn l t t l h r pt n t f nd th t rp ll r t d t l b n f ll n n th b rr l rv d rn l r tr t p ll l r h l b t 9 x r n n nd fr th n th b rr ntr n It b n d n r d n pl nt r n n l nd h f ll n n th b rr 1 - nd ft r t n n th f l p d fr v r l d f th h l It - t rp ll r It d n th b rr ntr n j t b h nd th t br ff d n t 5-1 - n t nt rv l t r n t rp ll r f n t Aft r th b rr f ll d th p t 3 t d `f l b rr ( b l r nd nd h r n v r th b rr ntr n fr thr h b rr r d At th r t t n v r th v r l d ff r nt d r t n n l t fl th A r t l rv th t br n ff t d b rr ntr n h h th ll d d r pt r h A r t l rv t v n th rf t t r l n l - ll d nd r pr v n d th n ht p nd th d rl d p n th nd Wh n . t. n l pr t h n t l ft p n d r n pr v n- p f nd l rv t dr d t th rf nd n t r d b f r pr pt r ( x b rv t n t n b t v n t t rt n n th th r v nt r nd b t r ll ft r pr pt r (1 b rv t n nd n n th f r t thr bd n l nt On nd v d l t K t n v r th p t t 17 h r l r l tr n nd th pr d n t n 1 M r h 1991 d h l 1 d r v r Wh n t n fr th ll th pr - l n l p n t 15° n l t dr nd nt n n f br n l ll t t h n v nt r t f p h r r d t , C l t ld n ll , nd r rr l tr ddl th pr nd rr t M hl nb p It th n d h rr l r h l f 9 f r rd v r th r nd h d f r t nd v nt r p h x In th r f d n th r t r th p nt pr r p d b th p nd bl n ll th f r t n thr n t 5-1 - n t nt rv l t d r nd bd n l nt n ll th th rd r thr ll b rr 3 3 nd 1 3 fr th v r l r f rth nd pp rt d b th p f r l h h p h l It v nt ll n v r d n A r t nn n t t r- b n th th t rp ll r nd r dl t h l r t rp ll r p ll r nd r n d f th r t r h t d t l t n xt nd n d r bl d t n b th n fr nt f th p t p r l th n tr n p rt d t d r tl th t p n nd b h nd ( 115 h p r n f nt tr t nt n p n pr v l d b rr n d ff r nt d r t n 5 th n h n th t rp ll r v r l f (1 b rv t n t th f l b rr
—20— h l r r t r d b f l h n th r h f r l t v l p d v ntr ll ; fr nt t r l l th nl 1 t rp ll r r n p f t r f nd nh b t d b t th; f l f r t r th t b (r t l . t. p . l n th 5-3 x h nd x l l n th 1 5- x l n th f h nd f h t r h h t l n b 9 b t r M l t r th r ( nl n b r d ll l d l n th d f th f rth bd n l l phr n t rn br dl tr n l r; d v nt- nt ( 115 S t t l d n th d f th r ll th p l t th th rd bd n l nt h nt d t th t rp ll r t t pp r nd nd th l r h lf h n fr r h p r d t n t v th th b d l htl fr th t rp ll r n r th nd pr l t p ll r d n bl nd ll nd th p t l h h t h n -3 d nd th l rv f n h f d n ( t rn I f th t v r th n l n nd p r ll l- n 1 d d d ( l d ll h h th f ll th p d r h n p l t n nd v r l p h v b n d l d tr b t d b n Ge us S l phr n K ug b n r r r n d th n n t b n S l phr n Kl 1 1 p 5 1 p p Sph x p r f x nd b n r l phr n v n d r ht 19 p 19 nn 175 d n t d b n h (1 97 p (t p p l p r nd l p l t r 1 5 35 b r n l d n t n S l phr n r nd l . l p tr ll 1 - 3 p 33 p p Sph x Alth h n S l phr n rr ntl t bl h d n p r f x nn 175 d n t d b tr ll (1 1 l nd t l t v n p h v b n r rd d p 3 l p p r f x b[r 1 ] p rt d f h h f v S. (S. l ( hlb S. (S. l p tr ll 1 p 1 p r nn r nt r ( r r S. (S. p r f x( nn S. (S. nd t n f l p tr ll l t (S th nd S. ( . f r (S th - h v b n S l phr S h lz 19 p 19 Unn r nd t n nt r pt d r p t dl t t p r r l n t f S l phr n Kl ( rr 19 7 199 ; E rl n nd 1993 rr (199 r rd d n n h h l v d p n pr - n d th r l t v l th v t t r n l d n p p f l t nd f r , p rt d nt - h r t h r; p t l r r n t l n t Ant nn l nd n d n t n nd-h nd r th t h d b n t r d n rt d r l t v l h h n f ll d r l f d ; t d r bl t d v l p nt d lt p n n nt nn l t p r t d fr l p b t l t h lf nh t d r n n d n S n th n dd t n l pr p p th r d t r; fl ll r 1 ll l n r th n ; l f l t , ntr d d nt n d n n nd-h nd r fl ll th t pl d Cl p r l t v l l r 5- fr A tr l h v d v l p d nt d lt p (A C × l n d th d nv x; p l r n n rr np bl d t E rl n nd (1993 r rd d f l h rp- d d th p r f br d fl t bt l d lt l fl n n d l p r t d p rt f r nd d l b p r t d b - h p d d n x n; l nd S. l n d l t bl h d n th l l p b l b d r th d n l b t p l f (E rl n nd 1993 h l f r , l r n t r t l n r r ntl n v M nd bl t , nd nt r r t bl h d n A tr l th pl b t th n nn r b p l t th n f l f r t t nd It th r f r l l th t p M thp rt h rt th 3rd x ll r p lp r ll n f S l phr n ll nt n t b n nt r d n tr ll p t l r n nd n n r nd b - l nd nd th t n r th r f th ll v nt ll l r t n b S l phr n, v n nt b t h lf t b t bl h d h r nd b l r t n r l phr n p t l r n nd- n d r ht v n r l (19 pr v d d d n j t h rt f h p t l r n r n t h rt; pr p - t th p f b n S l phr n. h b d d r t l l n th U- h p d d r l n l r b l r d n h rt M n (197 nd d f n d t l t p ll b br d f rr ; pr p d l nn (19 3 d r b d th b l f l t , p r l r r v b nt W n th r n l nd 3rd f r , nd nt r . n A tr l b r n l ll r l t v l l t p x nd b r - n l ll br d r th n l n nd r v n b th r rr nt v n ( 55 ; h nd n n l v n l n th 3rd ll Su ami y EM E O I AE p r t d fr n r n M ddl x pr t ll Ad lt M d - z d t t n p th r tl n- nt ; t b n t p n b t ddl t b th l r d f r n t nd h t r r b d p l p r ; nt r nt l br n f t r th l l- h d r n ll br d; n r ll d l p -
- 1- r t d; nn r rb t ll bp r ll l Ant nn l n v r l n fr n nd l r fr n th h rt r d f r n r ddl ; f l th 1 nt nn l rt l nd Cl p th t lv r v t t r n rr tr n l nv x l th 13 Cl p ft n v r h rt M nd bl th t d ll ; nt r r b rd r pr j t n nl l ttl O p t l n t h r t p n xt rn v ntr l r n; p x th -5 r n b nt M l r p h rt t d r t M nd bl t th M thp rt h rt th x ll r p lp th rt l b d nt t r n t th tr n v r r n ; n t l nd - nd th l b l p lp th rt l r n t l ll r h rt t n t; p t rn l l pr nt r b nt h n pr nt th ll h h ft n tr n v r l r n t ; d d n l n th ( pp r nt p t rn l l d pl d f r rd r - p r t d M ddl t b th 1 p l p r G t r l r n t n t pp r nd b n th p t r r p x f pr n t l l b ; p t l t th p t l h n pr nt p d nl f l h p t rn l nd n pr nt t b l r t rn 1. d l pl t pr nt r b nt r n nd r b l l b nt l f r t r th- t r ( r p t n nd t b th t p t r r p n Final-instar larva. d nt nt ll th p n- St l r h lf z f b r n l ll; 1 xt nd n t l Sp nn r t d t n tl p r d lth h th p n n nd f r n l ll; b r n l ll pr nt; h nd n rr n t th nd f pr l n t n b nn t d Μ d v r n t - (n t r t d fr C t p t r r b n rr l t M x ll d r t d d ll ; l ll r r n fr n d th r l t v l l n h r t l b nt r th n x ll r p lp t v t l M nd bl h rt h rt n l n r th n br d h n v d d r ll nd br d th - t th (f r n ll p Ant- nn l p p ll ll b nt ( lth h n l nd Final- n t r larva. d l ndr l th p t r r nd Sp l n p t n ll l r n rr nd tt n t d; n t r n l ntr l; pr - n l nd b n l l b b l Sp r l th b tr Remarks. l pr v n n t th pt r n rr d th t r n l t r p r t l b nd nd h n pt r r C ll b l l t th t t Ant nn l p p ll n ll l r Ev n (195 p 1 7 v bf l h r t r M nd bl r d d th 5 l r t th " nt nn l rb t r l t v l l r th thr n ll r n C n p r h t v r th n b -l pl t l d r tl fr th br n f th rb t h h b f ll n th ll nd l n n t l htl l v t d " h d n t ppl t th l nd p f Sp l n , n h h th nt nn l p p ll Remarks. Sp l n r pr nt d n t f n l r - n ll l r n Wh n n t n th p x v t p th n t h bf l d v d d nt tr b n n nd - nd l r v fr n b nd n d ll r f d- phr d n n f h h nl th l tt r r pr nt d n b r n n t l pr v n th r n t th d l nd b n Sp l n ( btr b St n p ll d ph d nd thr p S p r b l Mr r (p r r p rt th t Sp l n p r f l r t h nd t th r h p nt r b th "fl t f th r b rr nt n f h n Ge us Sp l n S ucka n p nt n th rb rd h th b r r n t " C l Sh rd 1 37 p 1 p p St tr l h l nd p r r v d b rd (19 7 d t v n d r nd n 1 9 b r n l d n t n Sp l n Sh rd 1 3 p 79 n f r C l Sh rd (pr p d b C l r n 1 3 Sp l n rl n s ecies M r l nt 193 p 1 p p M r Diagnosis. Female. (1 M pl r n th n p t rn l l l n fr n nt 193 b r n l d n - l ( d l t r ll pr d (3 Ep p t n th l v r h rt ppr x t l n t d n l r n t M r l ll nt 1935 p 3 n f r p x nl ( d r t ndl b dr t th nn r rb t M r l nt (pr p d b M r l bp r ll l (5 Cl p th h rt d n n n n ht 1 31 p l b nd r ( S t ll th tr n v r nt r r Taialia n 1971 p 1 p p l f r l nt r th nl l r - r n n t br n p n n 1971 b r n l d n t n nt d t n t f v b h h r - r n ( t h r t r (Ab v n n pr p d b h rt M n 197 3 d v Male. (1 M pl r n th n p t rn l l ( Diagnosis (p rt l Adult. r ll p n t x- d n fr nt v r t ndl b dr t (3 Inn r rb t d n 3 5 n x l n th Ant nn n rt d bp r ll l ( Cl p th ll n n ntr ll n
—22— p l b rd r (5 r n th t d t n t ll r n ; M t th h hl n t d; p d l t r ll l p br n n t f lv ll n v r pp r n n- pr d; p p th l v r h rt ppr x - t n l h t h ( r n v r nt r r l f t ll t l n t d n l r n t p x nl nt r th v r l r - r n nl n v r br n p nt r f f v ( t h r t r 5 d v M l d l n th 1- 9 ; f r n l n th 1 - mm. Description. Female. d l n th 3-3 1 ; f r n C l r Warm localities north of latitude 38°S: h d l n th 1 5- 3 th r x nd bd n l r l v r d r br n; nd bl C l r Warm localities north of latitude 38°S: h d h t h-f lv ll ; l p p p d l p t r r th r x nd pr p d l r l d r br n; l p d f pr n t l l b t l b l r r nd l p l nd bl p pr n t l l b p t r rl t l nd f lv ll ; nt nn l fl ll nd t r t n l p l f lv ll ; nt nn l p d l fl ll nd t d r br n Cooler localities, especially south of lati- t r t n Cooler localities, especially South Is- tude 43 °S: h d th r x nd pr p d v r d r br n; land south of latitude 43°S: h d ( n l d n l p nd nd bl nt nn pr n t l l b t l l nd t r p th r x ( n l d n nt r pr n t l l b t l br n t d r br n; l p n v r nt n l h t h f r n t nd n v n pr p d nd t r t t r p r v r d r br n; nd bl x p t r l t r l p t Str t r d n fr nt l v r t ndl b dr t f tr h nt r f r t b nd t r r nd 5 d r n t d n t l ll l t ; O OO b t 1 Inn r br n; t r r 1-3 nd t nt r l t r l p- rb t bp r ll l r fr n th l d n l n t - t f tr h nt r nd t b v r bl nf t d f lv - d n l r n th n t xt nd n nt d f btr n l t br n r d r b t n nt nn l l r t Cl p n rr t t t r p r p l b rd r d ll th ll n n M nd bl Str t r d n fr nt l v r t ndl b dr t b d nt t th pp r t th bt l r nd d nd l r n t d n t l ll l t ; O OO 5 7 Inn r t th f l r dth b t l ttl l n r t Ant nn l rb t bp r ll l r fr n th l d n fl ll r th n r h rt bl f r rd- l n t d n l r n xt nd n nt pp r p rt ( nl f d r t d br tl 7 5 3 5 UI 1 MI 19 btr n l t d n r d r b t n nt nn l l r- I 17 5 S 17 5 / S / 5 O / t Cl p n rr t p l b nd r th h rt OO 5 d n n n l r t th t f nozela. M nd bl b d n- M nd t l r t f l ; p d t t th nt r r ( pp r t th bt r nd d nd p t- n d; p p th t d n fl t r nd th t
r r (l r t th t l n r Ant nn th p l r n p b n 35 UI MID 3 5 I 3 S / 9 S / 5 O /OO Type data. l t p ( C f l MC n ln C l- 0.6. l - b r 19 7 W E rl r t p 3 h r x r tl n t l ll l t ; tr n v r d lt ( 19 f l 1 5 l ; 1 AC 1 C 17 r n f pr n t l d r tr n th r b h nd t r l - C 1 OM fr Wh n r ; A l nd; K t ; t v l th th l l n t d n l r n l r n t l r n ; Oh n ; n ll Mt r n [Mt d th r l t v l d p n t d h r z nt l r v E nt]; M x ll W n n ; Upp r tt; I r S t th r f v r h rt ll p r ll l l n t - t n; r ll n n n l ; n ln Un v r- d n l r n n p t r r b nd r S t ll th tr n - t p ; Mt C r t ; rth E t ll v r nt r r l nt r th nl l r - r n n d n; n ll G r M t n t l t r ll r b l t M pl r n th p - AK WO O I K WI W / S MC MK t rn l l l nt r r p rt f h p t rn l S nd n r p d r r b r n rr l r tr n Material examined. p r nl r n th l d ndr t r n ; d r l r n t p - r t d fr d nd d l v t b r n r n t l d l S l r t th t d r b d b l f r S nozela. Mr p t r rl b tr l t ; d l v t th nl l nd - J. E rl f nd th n p t n ln MC nd b- t n t r n rv d t n 19 7 19 nd 19 9 t fl r l r t th W n r n th b 1 f r d l v n 5× n d r b d f r S. nozela nd S. elegantula. It t pr l n th f b ( 5 t Anobium punctatum h l
-23- Sp l n l nt l u e h r z nt l r v - l nt l rn r 191 pp 11- pl 1 (Sp l W n Ab 1 f f r n r d l v n 3× n A tr l l nd C rd l 19 5 p 3 l n b ( 57 rd 19 7 pp 5 - 55 f 11 15 l nt n M t h hl n t d; rf th; p d v r W l r 1991 p 1 br d h rt l t fl t th d l htl n v
Diagnosis. Female. (1) M pl r n th t n p t r- Male. d l n th - 9 ; f r n 1 - n l l ( d h rt d d r v ntr ll - C l r l r l d r br n t bl ; t l n v n pr d l t fl t h lf-l (3 d l n t bl n p l fl ll r nd 5th t r r p l br n t n fr nt l v th d b v r n v rt ll f lv h f ll n ll l r fr n n l d n l t- b f r rv n t d v rt x r l tr n l r p t b nd d b nt nn l l r t nd Male. (1 M pl r n th t n p t rn l l ( l p ; b nt nn l l r t pl nt r d n r d r n th ll tr n l r p t b nd d b r b t n nt nn l l r t ; l p ; nd bl ; x- l p nd nt nn l l r t ( r nt nn l t th ll ; l b ; l r r ; n ; h p t ; nt nn l p `h p t n f n d (3 r fr n l p p d l nd fl ll x pt l t fl ll r ; pr - nd bl n nd h p t br ht ll ( M t - t rn nd pr n t l l b ; f r nd ddl l ; l ft h nd th 7th t r d-d r ll fl t v r br d t t b t r r 1- nd f r p ll In l r r p l tl n br dl nv x ( f d r ll rv d nd nt nn l fl ll r d r n b d n d t t r v r p r Str t r f r f l x pt f ll d v r Description. Female. d l n th 3-3 ; f r n h l l n t n fr nt l v n t pp r n v rt ll l n th 1 - 3 bl n ( r r t n l r n t xt nd n v rt ll b v C l r l t d r br n x pt f r th ll t b f r rv n t d v rt x d r th n h h; / ll -f lv l p l p x nd bl tr h nt r f r b t 9 S / b t r n d n n nd ddl t b nd t r l p d Ap l r n f l p nv x br d b t v r t t r v r p r h ll l r n t d ll r t th bt b- Str t r d r dl l n t n fr nt l v d n l n t d n l r d nt n th th n p x v rt ll r t n l r bl n ; d b v r n f r d d n p rt f fr n Ant nn l fl ll r th l t v rt ll b f r rv n t d v rt x; rf n r h rt bl f r rd-d r t d br tl n t d p n t l t n t l ll l t ; O OO 31 33 UI 19 3 MI 1 LID 3 S 19 3 b t 5 E v r l n nd n rr r fr n b - M nd t l r t f l t n nt nn tr n l r r d th t d n l n - t d n l r n Cl p th b d n bt l n t d - Type data. l t p ( M ; n t n f l K r- n l r n nt n th b l t r d n p l p rt nd Q n l nd A tr l f d n r d r f l r fr n ; p l r n d - ll th br d v r h ll n v t ( r r n - Material examined. 19 d lt (113 f l 77 l t n M nd bl l n l l r t th b d nt t 5 l rv nd 5 p p th pp r t th br d bt nd p t r r t th l htl AK C O K RI, WI, W / MC W S n rr r l n r t 1 39 UID 3 MI I 1 S 1 / b t 1 5 S / b t 5 Biology. Similar t th t d r b d b l f r S. n z l . O /OO b t rd (19 7 r rd d S. l nt l r v n hr p h r x S rf n t d n t l ll l t r n t b r t ( h n pt r hr p d fr l n fl - nt r d r ll th tr n v r r b l t l n ; p t r - r nd n t n n v t d b rr f th b tl An b d r l tr n v r r n ntl r t d r t d f r rd p n t t nd E phr nf n . Mr E rl (p r l t r ll ; p t r r d r b l t M th r x nd f nd th p t th fl r l t d nd r S. t th r x th M pl r n l n ll r n nd n z l (b l n t d th t S n z l t n t n l x pt n ( p t rn l l b nt r n - dr br n h l h n th ll r S. l n v r nt r r l f t ll n t b t d b tr n t l n t n n h l f A p n t t , h h r f r - r n M t p tn t th l n t d n l r n l htl ll r d t r In n (l pr h n v v r r b nt b rv t n b nd n d ll r f b th n b d p r p d d r ll tr l t th d th n rr r n t d n b th r Sp l n p
-24- Sp l n r n t rd b tr l t r n v r r n f pr n t l d r h h t p- d d l n l n d f r rd l t r ll b nd d r n t rd 19 7 pp 55- 5 f 5 9 1 15 (Sp l n l nd l nt n W l r p t r rl b br l r ; pr n t l d th d t n t n rr h r z nt l r v S t th r f 1991 p 1 h rt r r l l n t d n l r n n p t r r n l (1 d l rl tr n v r h b nd r S t ll th tr n v r nt r r l d r th n l n ( Cl p th br d d p ntr l r b l t b t d b r f tr n r - r n n n ( r n t n p n l ttl v r 3x t M t n t l t r ll b tr l t M pl r n th dth (3 M pl r n th n p t rn l l ( p t rn l l l nt r r p rt f h p r t rn- d l t r ll pr d (5 Ep p th l nd n r d l n t d n l r n n d t l 7 v r l t - r p d th d r l ` n l r r d r t d b th r l t (b t n t t ppr d n t n l n n rr l r r n t r n ; d r nd `p d l h ld ( r n v r nt r r r v f t l- d l v t th tr n v r tr ( t l ttl r ; l b t d b tr n r - r n (7 M nd bl b d n- d tr n v r l b tr l t ( n ll r t t th pp r t th tr ht- d d t (n t r nd d W n Ab 1 f f r n r d l v n 7 - 75x ( M d n r n n l r fr n l r p n t f l n th f b ( 5 btr n l t d n r d r b t n nt nn l l r- M t th p d l t r ll pr d; p - t t p- d d t r d p th r d l n t d n l r n n d t l 7 v r M l (1 M pl r n th n p t rn l l ( l t th r l t ppr d n t n l n `p d l d r t nd b t tr n v r ( d r th n l n th fr n h ld r d ll d n n l p d (3 Cl p th br d d p ntr l n n ( r n t n n p l b nd r M l d l n th -3 ; f r n l n th - ( r n v r nt r r l f t ll r b l t d v d d nt f v b tr n r - r n C l r d th r x nd pr p d l r l bl ; t f l p nd bl nt nn l p nd p d l r pt n l d l n th 7-3 ; f r n t l pr n t l l b nd l p l f lv ; nt nn l l n th 3- fl ll nd f r n t br n; t r d r br n C l r rth I l nd, r r l l t : h d th r x t t r p r nd pr p d l r l d r br n; nd bl l p l Str t r d d r th n l n l tr n v r th n n r n nt nn n v n t l nd p l p rt f f l Ap l r n f l p th d n n n pr n t l l b f lv ll ; t r f lv br n S th l r d nd d p b t h rt r th n n f l l th n I l nd, l r r , nd th f l t t d 4 °S: b v 35× l p l dth Ant nn l fl ll th h rt b t pr n t l l b p t r rl t l nd l ( x pt bl l f r rd-d r t d br tl p rt f f r f lv nd l p nt nn nd p rt M nd t l r t f l b t f f r f lv br n t br n p p th t l n t d n l r n t t r v r l ht Str t r d n fr nt v l rl br d r th n l n p d t l t p ( AC; n l l n r dl tr n v r n t d n t l ll l t ; O C thr n In t t t 3 v b r 19 3 r n t An OO 1 r n d n n n f r l l p d ( nn r b x t h l rb t d v r nt l p d ; d n r n n l r fr n l r p n t f btr n l t d n r d r M t r l x n d l t p pl 5 n n-t p d lt b t n nt nn l l r t n t h h t p- d d (1 3 f l l l rv nd p p r d Cl p n rr th l t r l l b r lt n fr AK C K O WI W / W MC S l r d p d n n v t ( r r n t n p - n l htl v r 3× t dth M nd bl b d nt t th l M h d r b d f r S. n z l . rd (19 7 pp r t th t tr ht- d d nd l r t th n rr r n t d S. r n t "W r n t An b x t h l " nd l ttl l n r Ant nn f n l p b nt 3 5 Mr E rl (p r h f nd t n l r t t n 7 7 UI MI 9 I 3 S / S / 5 O /OO 5 h r x r tl n t l ll l t ; pr t r- n pr n t l t r ll nd p t rn l n t d n ll
— 5— Sp l n n z l a y 3 n t l ll r th d r l tr n v r r n tr n h h nozela rd 19 7 pp 5 - 5 f 1 7 1 13-15 h rp- d d S t ll th nt r r tr n v r l (Spilomena); A tr l l nd l nt n b t d nl b f n l tr n v r r n M - W l r 1991 p 1 pl r n th an p t rn l l l nd n ; h p r t rn l pr nt nl nt r rl Diagnosis. Female. (1 M pl r n th n p t rn l r p d S lpt r v r bl ll th d r l ( 1 ( d l t r ll d pr d (3 b tr l t ; d nd d l v t r - r n t - Ep p th n rr p d l h ld d l n t d b t th p r d d r l l n t d n l r n tr n v r p r ll l r d h rp- d d r n xt nd n fr b r n t d r l t r l b nd r nd n th r t d r l t p x ( d n fr nt l v r t ndl b dr t (5 b nd r f d l v t r n br d th d bp r ll l n t d n n l p d W n Ab 1 f f r n r d l ll 5- 5 x ( nn r rb t bp r ll l l n th f b ( n l 59 Male. (1 M pl r n th n p t rn l l ( M t th h hl n t d d l t r ll r n n f r l d r br n th t l r fr nt l t r l pr d Ep p th n rr p d l h ld ll p t xt nd n l n rb t b t n nd nt n- b nd d b p r ll l r d h rp- d d r n xt nd n n l l r t (3 d d r th n l n th fr n bp r l- fr b t p x l l n t d n n l p d ( nn r rb t bp r ll l ( r n v r nt r r l f t ll th nl ll Male. d l n th - 9 ; forewing l n th 1 - 7 l r - r n n t b t d b r - r n f l r mm. h ht t rr nd n d r (5 Cl p ll pp r- C l r S l r t f l b t ft n l ttl d r r; fr n n nt n l h t h n f r l d r br n; l p nd bl nd p h t t p l f lv Ind v d l fr l r nd th rn Description. Female ( 3 d l n th -3 1 ; r n d r r Cl p ll pp r n nt n l h t- f r n l n th - h C l r Warmer North Island localities: h d th r x t t r v r p r nd pr p d l r l t n t f lv -br n; Str t r d O tl n n fr nt l v r t nd d r nd bl h t nd f lv - ll ; nt nn f lv t th n l n ; rf n t l ll l t ; O OO 1 br n; p lp l t l b l r r nd pr n t l l b r n br d th d bp r ll l Cl p th d n f lv ; t r f lv -br n Cooler South Island loc- p l n n ll r th n n f l Ant nn l fl ll - alities: h d th r x nd pr p d bl ; t r d r r r b t b r n h rt bl l f r rd-d r t d br n; nd bl f lv - h t ; l p p l br tl 35 1 UI MI 5 5 I ( x pt ddl nd h nd f r t l nd p x f S / 9 S / O /OO 5 pr n t l l b f lv ; ddl f r th d r br n h r x nd pr p d l r t f l r ; h nd f r d r br n App nd v n d r r n M t l r t f l ; 7th t r n d; d r l r r v nl r nd d n t fl tt n d t t r p r
Str t r d O tl n n fr nt l v r t ndl b- Final - instar larva. r pt n b d n x p n dr t ; rf n t l ll l t ; O OO b t fr rth E t ll n d n 5 r n br d th d r hl bp r ll l; d n d ( 79 3 l n n x dth; r d r b t n nt nn l l r t th t d n pl r l l b ll; l t nt l n th n t r n l r n ( t th l r fr nt l d n r n x- nd ntr l; pr - n l nd b n l l b b l nt - t nd n nt pp r nd nl Cl p v r n rr ; p l nt th t p l Sp r l r l r tr n p r nt r t r n th n rr n t h d d n n n b r n 3 th r p r l ( p r tr r l r; tr 33 3 l n p l t n th r d M nd bl l n l μ n d t r l n d th n t n r d h h ( t t th b d nt t th pp r t th l r v r bt l x l p n ; ll r ( p n n nt b tr r nd d nd l r t th n rr r l n r t Ant nn l r l r th t p n S b tr n rr t r t t fl ll r f n l p b nt 7 5 UI d t r l th n h lf th t f tr pp r ntl th t 9 MID 3 9 I 7 S 7 9 / 9 S / p n 59 O /OO d ( h h r th n d μ l n (v rt x t h r x S rf n t l ll l t r n t l d l br 3 μ d th t th r r n l t r r th br d h ll l r b l t r v ; pr - p r t l b nd nd l t th t t Ant nn l p p ll
-26— ( 9 v r l r 33 μ l n r nt d b 3 n l- f C r b d In An b h l S. n z l f r t r v l Ant nn l rb t r l r br 73 μ h h 1 μ fr f th ll r fr h h l t n d ; d th tt r d p n f r n ll nd t ; l r nd t th ntr n C p t d fr d f r p l b rd r th th t p n l b t th - t ll l r nd d v n C ll r d r ht t th v r t n d pr n l r t p nt d n r n nd f t nn l f d-b r n n t nd n r p t Ep ph r nx th t p nn l b t th l r nd 37 fr th n r t An b x t h l h p ll r n r n n n r r n th r d n t n ll v r l f l n th h l M nd bl ( 1 1 5 μ l n 1 μ d t b h n t r d n l n r n th ll r h r th n l b l t r l t nd th 5 t th l nd f l ll r t th r b nd x ll ( 1 l b l p lp μ l n t ll v r d 1 d nd 3- l n t t h rt r th n p nn r t Sp nn r t 35 μ l n t p l ll b n b t 1 5 d b 5 l n nn t d t b b br n M x ll th t p l rt t n d f p t d fr v r d fr 7 t p n l ; l n l r th; p lp l r t t 9 μ 1 th r r p d t htl nt th ll l n ; l v t l 5 μ l n th b d t n v n t f n th nd f th ll nd t f n ll r n ll -l p 5 5 μ l n th fl r d p nd n n th r nt t n f th ll r ll pr v n d ll nt n d fr t 7 thr p p r ll C n ( 11 r th n p r h t tt p p r ( n 5 p r ll fr f r t n t r t d lt In n fl x bl r p nd n t pr r l pl t b -l ll r l n f ll h d th f ll n n b r f pr pl t l f ll n th An b ll r nd l n n t - ll 1 ; ll 33; ll 3 5 ; ll 7 ; ll 5 9; ll 5 l n b 1 3-1 5 d 5 S f th ll nt n d thr p l n nt r l n th r d ll f n fr th x t nd th r nt n d Type data. l t p ( AC; n l r thr p f n th ll fl r h pr pr d hr p Kn ht I l nd h t h -1 b r 19 b r t d lt f l ( % f r t n t r ( 1% nd Kl np t nd n t r (53% l pl d t th xt rn l ntr n t th n t; Material examined. 539 d lt ( f l 51 l th r r nn r ll l r nl 7 l rv nd p p f h t r h h t bl n - v t l n AK C O K WI, W / S MC l d l n t d n ll n th v nt r f th l t pr t h S ll th n l d th pl f p t d fr h h t h ft r -3 d nd th l rv pl t f d n n Biology. E r n M l nd f l r t th b t 3 It r n h n th r d f th l t t ( nl t l t r p n h h l thr p n t p t r r th r x nd nt r r bd n l v nt r r f d b f r f l f r f h r th n p n t p l r h t -l M t n h l l b nt th f l fr b h nd n It p xt nd n r th ll t th r r p t dl t pp n h nt nn n h r h d nd h ld n nd th p b n nn t d t d th t l l l n th h r th h f r nd ddl l C p l t n l t l th n ll thr h t t l n th h n th r bl ll n t b t th l h ld th f l f r b t 5 n t l n n Aft r t h p n t n n b t 1 h r th A t v t r nd n t h l th x fl n nd t f l rv t f rth r 3 h r th n v d th n nd r n ll r f d-b r n n t Up t 15 h n nt pr p p th h t r t pl r l f l r b rv d t fl t f n h l n th fr l b nd l d t n t n b t n th th r nt f nd n b rb n h h h b r n f r l ndr l n t nt n l r n v r fl r fr n f l Sp l n n z l n v lt n th n - nth pr - b th n t v nd ntr d d h r thr p r ht At p p l d p n nt r t l f- t n thr p r t n ll th l rv l nd r r t- nd nd- n t r n ph nd d lt f d lt thr p r t n d lt ll n p b t % hr p b r t ( hr p n nd l thr p h r f th pr rh d l ( n h t thr p n r l r t n t p r n nt p r l Oth r b rv t n G rl (19 r p rt d Sp l t ( 117 r d n b nd n d p p l nd l rv l n p pr n n l thr p h rrh d l , ll r f ll x l ph b tl pr r l An b h h t t r d n An b p n t t h l . rd (19 7 p n t t nd dr br n (An b d E - t t d th t th l l t h v b n S. n z l , b phr nf n (C r l n d nd ll p th r r n p n f l nt l r r n t n th
— 7— ll t n f Ent l v n SI ld r th n 1957 S h t ph x Arn ld 19 p 137 p p S h t ( r n bl n l n b E S G rl pr v t ph x br j r Arn ld 19 b r n l d n t n ll t n b ht b th SI nd t r l x n d At l ph x Arn ld 19 3 p 177 p p At l ph x b h h ld h v b n x n d b rd ll Mr ph d Arn ld 19 3 b r n l d n t n E rl d p rt nt b rv t n f th p n p n d fl r f A t lb p Ar n p l r l , r pt n d h rt d fl t Inn r rb t v r Cl t p., nd K l tz p n t d pr f r n f r tr n l nv r n b v r l t v l n rr l p r t d h t fl r nd t t d th t th p r n t pr nt n t v rt x C p nd tr n l d v r nt b l (UI l r d fl r n rb h G h l n (r d v r h rt I v r l n Ant r r ll r l r; h nd h (r d/p rpl Afr n r ld ( ll / r n ll v t l fl t p ` ll r r th v r nth (p n r ll ( ll nd lph n . n rr rv d l r r ll pt r nt r C- h p d h pr ( hr p b r t r t r d n An b th r l n x bl r n th n ll pt h n n p n t t h l ( W E rl p r t b r l b v h nt nn l t th t b r l nv r- nt b v Cl p r l t v l l r M l r p ll b nt l ll r ll l n r th n d h r x ll t t fl t d r ll d n th ddl Su ami y A I AE r f ll r ll th n ll h l r th n Ad lt E ll nv r n b v Ant nn ll t t h h t ppr d S t th d d n l n f ; f l th 1 nt nn l rt l nd l l n ll p r t d l t l th 13 M nd bl th l r v ntr l M l f r f r n t h d n t p l r n t n l t d pr x ll b t t t th r n t l f r t r th p t n f fl x bl t l b p r t d fr t l M pl r n ll th n W n r n th 3 b t l ll th nd j n d b p t rn l l ; t rn l b nt M l th 7 v bl b th tr n v r d d l v n Ap x f r d l ll tr n l t r St rn Il l r t pr d n t rn M l n - tr n t St v r n rr M r n l ll n t f r h rt- t l th v l ll pl l n d t C r b nt n d t p x n rr l tr n t M t r 1 th l t r l r n l th n l- n t r l rv d nt nt th p n l t p d l pl t fl t tr n l r d l t d b l t r l r n bd n l nt f r n r nd d t r n l l b ; n Ap x f l t rn b p n l ll l n l nd r v ntr l Op n n nt p r l r b tr th r th t ft n b r n d d r l l b Ap x f d n rl p n r t l b nd ll b nt Ant nn l p p ll l th v ntr l t th b nt br br d b r n n ll v r h f t rf b t ft n th t p f b p l p nt d r G n h ph x ( r b rr n S btr b n r n M nd bl t t t nn r r n th r 5 h t n r rld- d h f l d nd r- t th n l r f x ll pr n nt ll d v l p d r nd n t nd pr x l v l n Orth pt r h r ft n pr j t n p ll l b G l ll r th n nl n p n l nd x ll r p lp t v t l Sp nn r t p r d h l n r th n l b l p lp h ph x n rr (Smi ig. 4 r h bf l f v r 3 p th t n rr S th 1 5 p 3 ( h t (n ttr b- d v r r p f Sph d r pr nt d rld- d t d t Wh t ; th r h p ttr b t d t S th b ll Ev n (1959 19 nd h ldt (197 nl h rt b nt th r ; l nd Wh t tl r M n (197 n l d d th r br n n ph d n th 1 7 pl 7 f 1 (A t t . tt n 1 1 p 1 bf l b n t nl n th n t b p r t d fr ( h t . ll rr 1 97 p 9 tt n 19 p t n th b f l rv l h r t r b t l th r r n r 9 rn r 19 p 91 ( h ph x . d n 195 f h h th d lt f r br d b t n th t r p p 57 W l n n 195 p 1 ( h t . M ll r 1955 p 35 l nt n 19 7 p 11 ( n r l p l M ll r 1971 p l 1975 p Ge us h ph x Ko 311 ( h ph x . h rt197 p 31(f M n h ph x K hl 1 3 p 1 p p h t 1 —M p 5 (f 7 Ε p 75 l 1977 p f x d z 1 77 d n t d b n h 3 C ll n 1979 p 3 M ll r 19 p l nt n (1 97 p 19 h ph x f l rn K hl W l r 1991 p
— — r p S th "Wh t " 1 5 p 3 ( h t . tt n th l r d d n l b t p l r n pl 1 1 p 1 3 Dall rr 1 97 p 9 ( h ph x . d ll n v M nd bl th r nd d b l xt r- tt n 19 p 9 ( h t . n v ntr l t th nd t th-l nn r l l r l b d pr S r 1 7 p 9 ( h t . tt n 1 1 th ll n n nt r r t t; p x f nd bl p 1 3 K hl 1 p 1 ( h ph x . ll rr n d nt t t Ant nn l fl ll r b l r l - 1 97 p 79 tt n 19 p 9 ( h t . t v l l n h l C r n 1 p 1 ( h ph x . ll rr h r x th p r h rt r t br nz h r 1 97 p tt n 19 p 9 ( h t . S rf nt n l bl n t d r n t v r h rt h b l l v l f t t h h ll r ppr d Diagnosis. Female. n bl n l nd b th S t nd t ll fl t; t d d ll f ll n h r t r (1 E v r tr n l nv r nt r p d l n l r fl t pl n r h r z nt l l l nd b v v r tr n l d v r nt b l (UI / 3 I / n t l r -p n t t n t t pp r d ll; d ; v rt x ll ( ( nd ll v t l br ptl d l v thr h 9 °; pr p d l d l v t l r d d t C- h p d r ( (3 O ll pp r n t p r nd r n pr p d b x- h p d l r bl l n f ll b l l v l f r t t nv r n f r th r fr th r d rv n nt th d l v- ( ( r n th h n n t b r l b v nt nn l t nd t n n th n rr d p d n f v t (5 M nd bl n d nt t ( d h n n n- b th p l p r r t r n t r d t n bl ; bd n n l t p r d t p x p nt d; th r f v r l n br nz fl x bl t 7 n 1 t bl v n n l h l nt n nd 3 n 3rd n th; 5th nt l htl Male. n bl n l nd b h r t r 1-5 tr l f r f l pl ( d d ll r ; n h l n ; t r W n n th r h vr n d b d ff r ntl d r t d h r ; M t l th bl v r n t d b v t - l v r n d t l b n br ht ll - n d th h d r v ntr ll d pr d p ll t l v r n n l h l d t l htl b f r ddl f nd t r ; d thl r nd d d l r btr n l r p ll Description. Female ( d l n th -15 ; tr n t d l t d fr b t p x b r d l t r l f r n l n th -9 9 r n ; rf th f tt r d r p n t r nd C l r App r n nt n l bl tl v r h n n ; t d f n h r p nd bl n l v nd fr h p n W n l r h l n Male. d l n th 5 5-1 f r n l n th - t t r rt x nd pp r fr n th tt r d r t mm. br nz h r ; l r fr n nd l p l t r ll th d - C l r App r n d ll r th n l r h l n ; b nt lv r h r M th h rt p r f n r - l v - r n nl f l b n v v d ll - t br nz h r nd th v r f n d b nt br nz l v h n pl d n l h l p b n ; r t h r p r v n n p x f h d h r t t r d th lv r d b nt h r nd p b- th r r f h h r tl n d d th n h r x th l v r d th d b nt r tt r d f n h r p b n r p d l n l r r l t v l d n l v- Str t r d ( S rf nt n l bl n t d; r d th r t lv r h r M t r l t v l d n l p n t r rr l r nd f v r n z rt x th v r d th d b nt r p b n r 1- d n d pr n p t r r t ll E v r tr n l th n tr n v r nd nt t n d d f d nv r nt b v v r tr n l d v r nt b l (UI / th p b n b l t th l n d r t d p t r rl nd 3 I / nd ll ll b l nd nt- th t p d f th l n d r t d l t r ll p rt d n d- r r t p nt f x nv r n f v t l d r v n th pp r n f tr n v r r b nd th r ll pt th l n x bl th n rr l r r 7 th f h r r l t C- h p d Ant r r ll ll r nd ll Str t r E nt ll l r t f l th r f r rd f h nd ll O ll r tr n l l th n 3 ° f ll M d n fr nt l l pr nt nd n t d n r n j t d d n l p n t t t p n t l t r n b t n b v l v l f nt nn l t; h n n t b r l b v nt r r ll nd nt nn l l r t l htl r b- h nt nn l t br d; / Cl p b Cl p th p l b nd r nv x Ant nn th fl ll r 1 v r h rt × l n th f fl ll r - S n n pr p d b h rt M n (197 h h r b l
—29— M l r t f l b t rf d n l l r n nt nn It p t n d n th ll p n p n t t d ll S t n rr r t l v l f t l t ( 117 C pl t d n t h v fr n t f v r t r th r f l n br nz t n ll b t t th t h v b rv d r n l - ll d h t r l t r l r n 5 n 1 t nt n nd nt n t t p ll pl b rr d n nd r r nd nd 1 h n 3rd nd th nt n h n l lt r l nd n r f nd n r v r M t l b v t l t r ll thl r nd d r ll b h r n r v l p t nd l r pl b t h r t nd br d r th n n f l th h ntr n h r t r t ll n b v t b rr d r rf n t l h r n d r 1- th n th n h h ll b t x h r n r ll tr n v r nd nt t n p t r r f d ; t r 7 th- nd f p l t th ntr n t p ll v l 5 d p t l t r l r n d n l p n t t /p n t l t l n nd 3 t t d t v r n t r n l d f r x pl n l - ll d n t d 15 p d t . l t p n rr ( M Η; n t n f - d p n nd b d th l Str Mt C t n l l " l nd " r n n r 19 9 n tr t d b n th l p f l t p r p ( M Η n t n l ( r n ll l h n nl l n b 35 d l v n n n rr tl d r b d f l " l nd " xt rn l n f th n t S nt p f d pr (r p t r n n n f l In n l - ll d n t th n b rr ll h rt " l nd " ntl l p n x t 5 x 5 n d t r 1 -75 l t p h l ( M ; n t n f l Gr - l n nd ft n xp nd d l ttl t r n ll nt th th ( l nd ll A ll t p ll nt n thr pr t ll C l t bl tt r r ll p d n n ph nd b th ll nd M t r l x n d. d lt ( 51 f l 17 l n t r l d ft r v p t n (In lt - ll d n t th 1 l rv nd 1 p p ll l d ft r v p t n b t th n b rr nt- r ll d d ll t n r b t n rth C p r n l ft p n Inn r ll l r d f p t d (l t t d 3 ° 5 S nd St rt I l nd ( 7° S nd/l v r d l n f h t r h h t h 3 5 l n nd 7 l . E r n nd p l t n r t ndr l d rv d nd r l t v l v r l n nd n rr On r n f d b f r f l In t bl b n th nd nt d t th ddl f th pr t rn f th pr l r p p l t n 7-11 l n r t n r h r b t n th f r x h r t rd nd pr j t- f l ll r nd l b t x t dl n r hl n t n d v r th ddl x h h t d n t
2 r S l b n d n d n t th t h ( 117b f l b f r h br thr h th rf Aft r th h ft n l d n th l r t f th thr n ph f l h d nd th r x h v pp r d l t It h t h n b t 3 d nd th f n l- n t r l rv p n t d n d n th p x f h bd n thr h th n b t d l t r h p h f lt t v l t th t f th f l A th t n p r l b t 7-1 pr p p l nt r d p th r l j p nt th p r f r n b ll f p th t r ll d n th b n Onl n l d n t n nd r th r t n C p l t n l t fr 39 t nd nd ll p h v p r t d th n -5 - Ge us n u i e nd Pison r n n Sp n l 1 p 55 p p Pison nt n . n rr f l h nt n t v r h j r n Sp n l 1 (pr p rl j r n , = Al n t r n r r b d d pl nt nd l v t t n nd nd r Sp n l 1 ; n t p l nd t n ll n t f r fr r f h n l nd h b l tr ll 1 9 p 75 p p h nd b l n r tr ll 1 9 (= Al n t r Sp n l r l h pr t n t p r l r t n 1 ; n t p ll r ft n p bl f n d r bl v nt n th phr d r llé 1 33 p p p phr d l nd nt nn b t nn t r ht th lv r l x nth p r llé 1 33; n t p h n nt nn v b nd f rth th thp rt v n t Sh rd 1 3 p 79 p p Pison nd th p lp v r nd h r nt t Sh rd 1 3 d n t d b t (1937 r rr r h ld pr n (d r pp r t p 51 f n f r rd nd ll fl n t th n t v r Pisum A z 1 7 p 93 E nd t n f Pison r n l r pr n t ll dr d r th r nd b 1 t M rl 1 11
— 0— d n n d z 1 7 p 1 p p v nl r nd d p p ll ; l n l r th n n l r d n n f t d z 1 7 ; n - p n l l b Sp nn r t d r t n t h l n r th n t p l b l p lp r n W K rb Ι 3 p 1 p p r n d b W.F. K rb 1 3 (= Pison p n l Sh rd Biology. At l t n p ( h l n , fr Ch l x - 1838); n t p v t b rr n th r nd th ll p r t d b d S h ltz 19 p 1 E nd t n f Pison r n p rt t n M t th r p n t b v r nd n h l- 1 t M rl 1 11 t r d t t n h r v rh n b rd n t th n d S th 1 5 p 1 p p Pison nd r d f l v h ll bj t r v n t b r- bl t r t S th 1 5 ; n t p r n d nd n nd n n- d tr t r h t r r d z 1 7 p 3 p pr nt n l nd n t n n t b rr n Kr b n ll h rd 19 p 11 n f r d ( r nd n r v rh n tr tr n nd r r d z n- d bj t ( p n l . Ent p n M n 19 p 5 p p Pison p l S th 1 73 b r n l d n t n Remarks. n ( r b r p x l n n n f b t 1 p rr n rld- d b t t f th Diagnosis. Adult. Inn r rb t ll nv r n b v p r r tr t d t th S th rn ph r nd r n pl r th h rt d n l n t d n l r n r th rd f th r nf n d t A tr l A l r n b r f l n Cl p v r bl b t ll b t t d nd f r h v v lv d n l nd n th f h h; p l r n ll th tr n t r - h p d h f r b n r r n d b h rt M n d n l b b dr n l r t p x t (197 r b nd n d b M n (19 nd n n r l b d M nd bl ll pl b t th n nn r b p l rr ntl r n d n n. r l t th n p r n t ll th n nt r d n d pr n ( ll b r d b h d r p d h rt t d r t l l n ft n th l t r l n r Smi r n r r l t l r nn n b t n p r l nd r "Wh t " S th 1 5 p 317 (Pison); - p t l t; d r th d n l n t d n l l l nd tt n 1 1 p 1 3 ll rr 1 97 p 71 nd/ r r n b t n n l r M t l (r r l ( r . tt n 19 p 9 ( r . rn r p d n l t r 1 nd th l t r l r n ; t rn 191 p 7 ( r . h rt M n 197 p th t r d l n l t th ntr l t b r l 33 C ll n 1979 p 3 n 19 p 37 l nt n r tr n v r lt l t r n l th t W l r 1991 p p d l pl t M ddl x d l p r t d t b n- t b r l t S th 1 9 p 9 (Pison). tt n 1 1 t h nd x nt r nd ddl t b p 1 3 ll rr 1 97 p 713 (t b r l t . t- th 1 p l p r h nd t b th p l p r Ar l t n 19 p 9 (t b r l t . rn r 191 p d r t nd l r n ll th 3 b r n l (t b r l t . h rt M n 197 p 33 C ll n ll ; ll p t l t t r tl r d d r b nt 1979 p 3 l nt n W l r 1991 p n- h n ll 3 (n t p t l t b th d f n t v b- n rn r n l ll; r n l ll ll n t d t ll th p x ll ll b nd t r v nl t f l t b- Diagnosis. Female. (1 Ant nn l fl ll r 1-3 b- r n l ll nd n h l t d v d d nt l ( d nd pp nd l th d th v r h rt r p M l n t l th n t l pl r b r ; h r th b d h r n r ll h rt r th n dth f th t v l ll ft n r tl nl r d nd p rt ll f d th nt nn l nt (3 nd ll l r h l r t n t l th n h lf t n dth ( O OO 7 3 ( l t 1 (5 r n b r n l ll r l t v l l r n v n M Final-instar larva t t l ndr l th p t r r nd b t 35× l n th f ll 3 ( r f r ll n ( h bl nt nd n v ntr l; p r l l n tr l p n d h r t r rv t p r t r f l fr . n nt r r v b r l r l ttl fl tt n d n t p th p n l , th nl th r n p pr nt n n th r r n l t r n r p r t l b nd th r l t v l l nd l n t p ll n n Ant nn l rb t th t Male. (1 M t th t rn 3 b r n l r p p ll M nd bl th p l t th nd n nn r r n bl nt t b r l n th r d f dl n ( r n 3 f rth r t th rr nd n n v t M x ll th p x b r n l ll r l t v l l r n v n M b t 35×
—31— l n th f ll 3 (3 Ant nn l fl ll r 1-3 b l t rn 3 p ll th p r f l r bt l t r l ( d nd pp nd l th d th v r h rt h r th t b r l h h t ll nd t rn nd th ll r b d h r n r ll h rt r th n dth f th t nt nn l d pr d l t r l t b r l nt (5 O OO l t 1 ( r f r ll n Type data. l t p r (BMNH; n t n f - l " l nd " Description. Female. d l n th 7 5-11 5 ; f r - l t p t b r l t ( M Η; n t n l " n 5 1- l nd " C l r d nd pp nd bl ; n l r h - l n t n d th p l f (d r r p ll ; t Material examined. 7 d lt (31 f l 1 l n t b nd d 7 l rv nd 3 p p t t r d th h rt d b nt h r d r l t r- r ll d d ll t n r ll rt x nd pp r fr n th l ttl v t t r ; fr n b t n nt nn l t p r p t l r b l Biology. . r ll n t n b nd n d ll r n t h nd l p th h rt d b nt p b n f d-b r n n t h h r f ll d th p d r M d r ll l t th t p b n M t - nt n h p fl r nd nd b t t n t r 1 th v r h rt d b nt r p b- hr b tr tr n l v nd fl r r h n f r pr n ; p p p r l h r ; h p p th Wh n t bl p d r l t d t t n t p r n nt f l n p ll rv d nf t h r p r l nd th n fl n t th n t d nd ll l r h l r t p nd t ( 11 p l n t pr d b nd n d th n h lf t dth; O OO 7 3 ( l t 1 Cl p p p l ll r f S r x n t l ( n pt r S r d r l t v l l n ; d v nl bb th l r r n- n n r d t pl nt t n ph l x r n t , . t r l r d n l b ; p l b rd r nv x b rb fr n , nd th r ph l x p (C l pt r pl v nl r nd d th t l t r l l b M nd bl C r l n d nd b rr f b l r t t th ll l l r t th th t b l xt rn - (C l pt r C r b d nd th r l n h rn n l v n v ntr l t th n d nt t ; p x bt Ant nn f l f r ; tr h h x rt t , M l t r fl r , fl ll r 1-3 b l nd A l tr n x l . h t p ll h v b rr d - M S rf f r nd d th r x d ll nt - t r f 9- If th nn r nd f th ll n t l p n t l t S t th d d n l n ll p r t d; thl n v d p rt t n t d n n t l nd p r p d l l n pr nt r p d l n l r th n t ll r ld d t v t th n v th b l t l n t d n l r p t r l t r ll d n- nn r rf h ll th n pr v n d th 5- 5 t n b f r d l v t h h b r tr n tr n v r p d r ft n Ar n d b t l f th r f l (j v - r ; pr p d l t r ll th v rt l (p rp nd l r n l nd d lt f ll r p Wh n th ll r r f r h t ll n t d n t r l th r h nv x nn r rf r n b r n l ll r l t v l l r n v n M nd th n v t r rf dd d t h d b t 35× l n th f ll 3 ( 1 1-3 ll b t t n t r ll rr n n t (9 % r M t p thl v t Ep p h - n l - ll d C ll r 9- n d t r nd n d 15-5 l n . r r d l r l n t n rt f l tr p- Male. d l n th 5 5- ; f r n l n th 5-7 1 n t r h n t t Al x ndr (CO d n tr p- n n n t 5 d b 7 l n h d ll n v r 9 C l r nd v t t r v r l r t f l l n th d p rt t n 1 th x pt f r th Str t r S z v r ll h p nd t h r t r v r t r l h h r 7 th n v r hr l r t f l n t r 5- ll d nd n - ll d All nt n d d S l r t f l b t l p th l r n h n th n t r p n d th fr ntl pr tr d n p ll p nt d d n l b t d b- p n th ll f ll t h n l t th r nd p ll n v nd nd bl th t l l r n t h d t r v t b l r ll n t h d d l l b n t th nn r b nd r f th tr p-n t h h M nd n v rt ll f r f l r f r n v ( 11 b ll n l r t f l f h t r h bl n - v t 1 l n b M t r l r t f l n n r l h p b t d l d n th p th f th l t pr v n d
-3 - pr t In b t n t 3- d nd l rv l d v l p- d n l b , t p l r n nv x, l ttl fl tt n d t nt nt l n p nn n t f rth r 1 - d h dp nt th t l t r l l b . ( r n b r n l bl n - v t rn tt r h-br n n 7-11 ll v r ll n v n M, ll b t 0.2× l n th f l n h p b v lt n th f lt t v pr p p l ll 3 t ll r r ( n b t % f nd v d l nt r d p b nt; t f ll d v l p d n n n nd b nt Oth r b rv t n n (19 M ll r (1971 19 fr th pp t n ( r f r n t ll n. M l . (1 l ll r I v r h l n r th n n r . n r nf n d t l nd th r nt nn l rt l ( d th v r l n , p l , p S nf n d h n S th (1 v th h r l n r th n dth f n nt nn l rt l . ( nd n t p r tr t d t G n h t ll p r t d fr b r th n h lf t dth p b ntl r n d th t . r O OO 1 9 ( l t 1 1 ( Cl p th d n S th 1 n n f . p p n S h lz 19 l b r tr f r n tl n p x t (5 r n b- r n l ll v r ll v r bl r d d n v n Μ ll b t × l n th f ll 3 t ll r p n l S ucka n 5 b nt n p t % f l n r thr h t p n l Sh rd 1 37 p 7 (Pison); A tr l ( n l l nd ( r f r n t ll n n l nd S r 1 7 p th 1 5 p 3 1 d z 1 91 p 59 ll rr r pt n. l ( 5 d l n th 11 -1 ; 1 97 p 713 rn r 191 p 7 M ll r 1955 p 3 f r n l n th 9 -1 C l 19 p 355 l nt n 19 7 p 11 M ll r C l r d nd pp nd bl ; t th 1971 ( nd 19 p 5 Sh r ll 1971 pp 179-1 p l tr n v r b nd ; n l r h l n t n d th p l h rt M n 197 p 33 C ll n 1979 p 3 f br n p ll d C rd l 19 5 p l nt n W l r 1991 p t t r d tr h nt r nd f r 40. th v r l n p l p h r h l n r th n dth tr l S r 1 55 p 11 (Pison). ll rr , 1 97 f th t nt nn l nt r 1 th l n r t p 713 h rt M n 197 p 33 (australe). lv r h r n d l v b l p rt r 1-3 th h ll C ll n 1979 p 3 C rd l 19 5 p ( tr l . h t n pr p l l l n d th d b nt S n n d b S th (1 9 l t r ll d r t d lv r- h t p b n n t - t n S th 1 5 p 31 (Pison). h rt M n t pp r b nd d r d n l l th d th 197 p 33 (t n . C ll n 1979 p 3 C r- h rt d b nt p b n th r nd h t r t p x d l 19 5 p (t n . S n n d b Ep p l t r ll th l n rv d bl h r - S th 1 9 p p n r l d th v r l n t ff r t p ll d b K rb 1 3 p 1 ( r n . ll rr 1 97 p rv d bl h r 711 (Pison d b . tt n 19 p 9 (d b . Str t r d nd ll p r t d fr b h rt M n 197 p 33 (d b . C ll n 1979 r th n h lf t dth; O OO 1 9 ( l t 1 1 p 3 l nt n W l r 1991 p (d b . S n Cl p r l t v l l r th d v nl bb ; p l n d b h rt M n (197 r n pr d d nt l r l n f r d n l b t pr n C r n 1 9 p (Pison). h rt M n nt r r r n nv x l ttl fl tt n d t dp nt 197 p 33 (pr n . C ll n 1979 p 3 l n- th t l t r l l b M l r p b nt M nd bl th t n W l r 1991 p (pr n . n t l l r t th th t b l xt rn v ntr l t h rt p S th 1 7 (= pr t ( ll t t th n d nt t ; p x bt l ll r 1 l rl h rt p (S th M d nt f t n f . p n l b l n r th n n th r nt nn l rt l d n (1 9 nh (19 nd th r f ll n M h r x d ll n t l l l p n t l t d n S t th l t r l r n r fl x d p rd Ad d n l n ll ll p r t d t l pr nt; p r p d l l n n . l . ( l ll r 1 v r h l n r l rl d f n d r p d l n l r nd d l v t ll th n n th r nt nn l rt l ( Β d nd v nt r f t l t p n t t th r d n n l r rr n d tr h nt r nd f r th v r l n p l p h r n ntr ll r nd h ll d n l n- l n r th n dth f n nt nn l rt l (3 nd ll ll th t b l t r r ; t l r r tr n - p r t d fr b r th n h lf t dth; O OO v r n d l v t r p d l pl r ll th t 1 9 ( l t 1 1 ( Cl p th l r l n f r r d h r n d p n t t
— — r f r n t ll n n xp nd d r 7 μ n x d t r r n ( th b r n l ll v r bl d ( 9 n nt r r v b r l r h t ll v r ll n v n Μ b t × l n th f ll 3 fl tt n d n t p th f r l t v l fl t th t th r v r n ll l r r n ll b nt ( b n r n l t r r p r t l b nd ; dth 1 9 h ht nd v d l (r r l b nt n n d nd f ll (fr v rt x t p l r n f l p 1 7 S t d v l p d n th th r r l t v l l n p ll n n h r l n t h d M t l d ll h n n ; rf p n t l t se a (55 3 μ r d h n d Ant nn l rb t ( 93 v rt ll v d tr - l 1 3 μ n x d t r th 3 ll n ll Male. d l n th 9-1 ; f r n -9 9 r n d r tl fr rb t l fl r; p p ll b nt C l r l r t f l br ( 9 μ d b 53 μ h h t l t r l t t r l r t f l b t t th h rt l b 1 μ h h t dl n b r n 1 l r t nd 1 d b nt lv r p b n n dd t n t l n p ll p l t b p l n r n ; p l nd l t r l h r n b f t r 1 nd t r 1- th p l r n n t l r n t - rr t d pr d fr th h ll n tr n v r pr p l Ep ph r nx ( 99 th ll n r n n l ; th r l th d th d n d b nt l t r ll n r r n th r d th r f d ff r nt t p n l n d lv r p b n n th t r t pp r b l t th nd l r n v n p b p ll n r b nd d th h b nd l pp r nt d-d r ll r ddl 5-7 th f n d b nt p b n St rn 7 th M nd bl ( 1 3 r b t 7 μ l n b 3 μ p r l n p h r nd tt r d br nz d b nt d t b th l r p l t th nd b l nd p b n nt rn l t th ( n nn r r n f rth r 3 t t Str t r d bl n f l b t l p th r nd n t th rr nd n n v t nd th 1 l n d n l b r tr f r n tl n nd p x t l l t r b l t p nt d M nd bl th v t l l l r l b ft n b nd x ll ( 1 7 M x ll th p x ll r th n n f l th r l r l ll r 1 v nl r nd d p p ll ; l n l r th n n l r l rl l n r th n n th r nt nn l rt l p n l l b ; x ll r p lp t t 11 μ l n b 55 μ W n v rt ll f r f l b t f r n b r n l n x dth; l r l nd r 99 μ l n b 35 ll b nt n % f nd v d l n r thr h- μ n x dth Sp nn r t 1 5 μ l n d r t t l nd ( b t 95x r pr v l nt n th l ll p r t d nd n bl ntl th p n n r l t v l M t l r t f l b t b f t r 1 l ttl d l ndr l t b pr j t n l ttl b nd l b l l t p r 7 v nl rv d x pt f r ll d- p lp b l p lp 11 μ l n d r l fl t r ; p x r t -tr n t ; v nt r n t l r -p n t t h t h n n th t bv Cocoon ( l n ( 111 n th 15 x - r d tr t r dth Obl n - v l tt r ; t r rf th x pt f r ll ld d rr l r t f l
Final- instar larva ( n d n M r h 197 ( r l f d l n th 1 5 x dth ( bd n l - nt nd 7 ; v r t t l ndr l th Type data. l t p p n l ( ΜΝ ; n t n f - p t r r nd bl ntl r nd d nd n v ntr l h r l S dn S W A tr l pl r l l b h rpl pr j t n ; bd n l pl r l l b S nt p f tr l (r p t r n n n C rd l v r d t n t b t l l v t d Sp r l r l r l r- 19 5 A tr l ( " ll nd" l l t p t n ( M ; n t n l - r t th r p r l ( 5 l rl r l r n Atr x d t r 93 3 μ ; p r tr d l t p d b ( M ; n t n f l - d ff lt t ; nn r d t r 31 3 μ ; tr l n d th l nd r l rl n t n r d b r n n p n ( l t p pr n (BMNH; n t n f l Gr - 5b C ll r ( p n n b t n tr nd b tr r- th (BR), l nd l r 31 3 μ n d t r th t p n S b tr r l r n t n th t p n t d t l p rt n t n Material examined. d lt ( 77 f l 3 5 l f nn l h h d n pr x ll th t pr x l l rv nd 3 p p nn l μ n d t r t lf b nd d pr x ll b r ll d d ll t n r
—34— l nt n . p n l f l fl r nd b ld- l t r l fl n p rtl v rl pp n t l Ep t rn l l n ll t n l n r b h br n h nd tr ll pr nt; r b l l ll b nt M t - tr n r h n f r p d r tl Ar n d S t bl pl r n ll n t n f pp r r nl M ddl pr t n t p r l nd fl n t th n t ll t b ll th 1 p l p r; ddl x th t t ( 119 b t f ld d d r d n d r l t r l r n ; pr x l l nd l b pr nt; tr tr n r b n nd n- d bj t h pl nt l b nt r n th 1 b r n l ll th t d rn r f b ld n n p nt n f br n- t f d th 1 t d d l ll; 3rd d d l ll d r n h ll b b nt n r nd l r pl b nt; t xt nd n d t ll ll b nd b f h rr l r d ll n n t f n r t l r f r n l ll nd n j l l b ll; nd n l v n ll S t th r r f ll n l ndr l nd b t b nt M t l t p d n l t th nt n r n h h th ll ll l t t th ntr n p d n l l rl n t n f t r nd t rn ; h r h n d rf h r th nn r ll h l t r l r n n t r I, ll l n t r nd th n d rf bl n ll n r p f 13 r r l n f ll n t r d l pl t pr nt n f l nt ll r d x 17 nd 19 x 1 nd l l ll pl ; r b nt t nt n d -1 pr t (f r l r pr r ll pr n l n t r l rv . d nt nt th p n l An f h t r h h t bl n - v t 5 l n v ntr l nd pr p l; 1 th nt th r tr n t d r b 5 d l d n th p th f th l t pr pr d d b nd n Sp r l th p n n nt b- t ( 119 In b t n t —S d nd l rv l d v- tr th r rr nd d th p n r th t p n l p nt fr l n t n- p nn n t 11- d th p r t l b nd ll r r ll b nt th d h p b v lt n th f lt t v pr p p l 3 ( t nl n ll r n fr br n f nt r d p rb t Ant nn l p p ll b nt br br d b r n Oth r r rd ll r (1 77 d r b d nd f r d n ll v r h f t rf b t ll th t n p n l n t h h h ttr b t d t r n b p l p nt d n r n (`b rr l- h p d n l- ( r h r n h ( p l d t h h l M nd bl t t; nn r r n th r 5 t th r p t d b And r n (1953 d n (1 9 d - n l r f x ll pr n nt ll d v l p d ft n r b d th n t n t n f b t t n d ll d pr j t n p ll l b ; l ll r th n x ll r "b t n th b rd f th " nd " n r v n th p lp t v t l Sp nn r t p r d h b r f tr " b th f l h h d "l d b zz n l n r th n l b l p lp n " b t h n rr tl d nt f d t ll t n b ll t h rt p (= pr t ( ll t h rt r . Ad lt r br n n r h r t r d b th p , nd nt nt d r b t pr v n n th ll th b d l h d nd th n l ll d f n d b r n l ll h n nd p ll n pl t 3 f 1 l rl . p n l . f th f r n h lv r tr n v r l p l S b nt th r v d ntl n th b d h r t r t d th t ( nh n th t 19 p n l- n t r l rv nn t b d t n h d fr th f 7 S n l f r th t r n, . p n l b n n rr n In l f t n f th Sph d b d n n l nd th ` n b l rv Ev n (1959 19 t d th t th r br n n C l (19 v d nt f th l f h t r f h ld b n l d d n th f l rr n ; th t n th p nd n (19 r rd d f rth r nf r - d pt d b h ldt (197 h rt M n (197 t n p 3 n t d th t h v l pp rt d b d lt
m rph l b th r br n n r l l r l t d n d lt h r t r t th l rr n thr h th th n t th n nd S ph nt n b t r t n d th bf l n Cr br - Su ami y C A O I AE n n n nt f t nv n n Ad lt. Ant nn h rt th p n rl t f ll l n Cr br n n r n t p rt f th rld h rt fl ll ; nt nn l t l t fr nt l p l - M n (197 n t d th t t r br n n pr n pt r t r ; l th 11-13 nt nn l rt l (13 n l nd b t th l nd p ( n Cr br n n d p rt fr p f l th 1 Cl p tr n v r r n t l th n r l p tt rn In l nd d r t p ll r h rt; pr n t l l b nd t l p r t d t l pr n th rd r C l pt r Eph r pt r l pt r h rt ll nd t n t; d d n l n v r n rr l nd r h pt r n dd t n t pt r nd n p ( . p r t d S t th t n bl r n b t th p rr tt pr x l v l n C l pt r
— — Ge us d rlt S i o a t th r th th l p l h r t r t ( l p v r d r t Sp n l 1 51 p 353 p p d r t n rr nd h rt d ll n d r t , r l t v l d Sp n l 1 51 b n t p nd d ll l n n h p l , th l nd r b- r n n n b n d t th r n b t th d t n t n M d - z d l n t p n t f t r v r d n t ppl t d l nd l r t h p l ( v Cl p v r h rt (r l t v l It t d ff lt t d t n h b t n f l h rt r th n n h p l n l nd p Ant n- f . lb p , . rb n l r, nd . r . . lb p n th 1 rt l n f l 13 n l ; fl ll f ll l r n bl b th n pl t l t r l l pl r d f d; b l fl ll r ft n th p d l r n th h p f th p n n th h r l pr n n d nd r x l h r t r t pr n n l f th pr n t l ll r nd th h p f th rb t l d l t n nd n v t ll l nd p x pt f v . r n b d t n h d b th r th r ntl . lb p nd . p rr tt b n d f d th M nd bl f r nd d t p f th p n n th h r l n l f th l nd p th p l t th M pl r n pr n t l ll r h n v d d r ll th n rr rb t l l n p t p r l r r n M t p d n l t f f v nd th r l t v l n rr fr n n dd t n t th v r bl z nd h p n l nd p th b l r nd d p l t th f th nd bl . rb n p d l pl t n b th x ( ll th t f f l l rl l r n b d t n h d n th b f th d rb t l d f n d n rl fl t tr n l r nd p n t t th t f v th h h l-l p n n th h r l n l f th l rl d f n d r d d n l n t d n l r n pr n t l ll r n d r l v th f t th t th pp r p l nd b l r t th l r r nd pr tr d f rth r th n th r . In t l nd p th h r l l r n nd th t th r n t h b t n th t t th n l f th pr n t l ll r r pr d d nt t th-l nd l b th f t th t th fr n v r br d th t th r n l th h p f h h v r f l f r d t n h- f v r h r r t n l r nd h d r th n n n b t n f l f . lb p , . rb n l r, nd . . lb p nd . r . Unf rt n t l th l t h r t r r . ( h pr n t l h r l r n l b l t n . n t l r l bl b t bj t t ll tr h h b r nd . d l nd b nt n . p rr tt . h b t n l h r t r f r d t n h n b t n rb n h p f th rb t l f v p f ll d t n t n l r nd r f l th p t n n th nd bl f l nd d r t p nd f l f r d t n h- th l l r t th h h h r b l n n b t n f l f rb n l r nd r , lth h rb n l r th n n r ( 31 3 th l tt r ll d t l r n bl b t v r d f Su ge us r h ec e cq d r t nf n d t th S th rn ph r th 51 n n p n S th A r A tr l nd r h l r 197 p 91 p p d r l nd h n t n th r nd ft n n nd t n n l r 1957 hr h t th r r n p f d r t r r - rd d pr n n pt r Alth h t l nd n . M t pl r n th b v r th lpt r p pr nl n d lt pt r n ( . p rr tt pr v r p rf l n t bb pr p t nv x l nt r l n ft-b d d d lt C l pt r nd t th r ( . b nt r n pl t b l ; r b h nd p t rn l l lb p , P. r pr n t nfr ntl n b n l n t pl t l fl t Eph r pt r nd d lt r h pt r nd l pt r S p p l t n f . lb p , n t l t n l l t pr r . tr t d t S th A r nd l nd l t x l v l n Eph r pt r nd r h pt r All l nd d r t p r n l d d n th l f d r t h v h r t r t rph l - b n l d pt t n t d th r nd n t n h r f r l t v l l n br tl n th f r t nt f th f r t r r l t v l l n p n n th h nd t b nd th d l s ecies g ou b n f d t n t h rpl r d d n l n t d n l h t b r f th p - r p h b r nd r n n th p p ( l nd h p l f - d l , r r d l d t n h d b th d t n t v l l h h ll n t b v r nd n nf n d pl h d f d f r t nt nn l fl ll r n th l nd th b tl h l n d h v v r h rt p n n th h nd l n t d f r t fl ll r n th f l th b n f t b nd p d n l n t d n l r n n th h rp p n d r l t r ll n th h r l n l f th p p Wh n th rph l l f t r r t n pr n t l ll r th d t n t v p d l pl t ( h h
— 6— th- rf d th ll ll p r t d p n t r nd thr h t th S th I l nd nd n rth I l nd nt n f n h r b nd d b l t r l r n h h r nt r nd nd h b r rr n n th n rth nd n l l nd n l th pl t ll th th r h r t r l t d n thr h t th rth I l nd b t n t n th S th I l nd — th p - r p d n th rr nt d tr b t n f th t p th r d ff r nt l r p tt rn nd h p v n th t b th r n r ll t v nl n d r t nl ht h b r n . l . (1 r t fl ll r h l n r nd d l r r p t v l d pt d t r r nd l r th n n nt nn l rt l x pt p b t t l n l t fl ll r 3 nd ( ( M nd bl S lv r h r n th p t r r f th pr p d ld th t d t n t l t th (3 r n t n d r l v r fl t h t fr th ddl f th b d nd th l n th n th l t r l r n l v r fl t bd pr d th t p t l f th t ld pr nt l r r rf r nt r r nd p t r r t b r l ( M t d t n r r l t v t v l fr h h h t ld b l t h p l p x f nt n r t b nd r th nt 5 (5 nd n n-bl r f th b d ld n t b rb h d l pl t th nl f tt r d p r p n t r h t fr th n bl h h r t r t ld nd pp r n l t th t br tl ( r t nt f d pt h b r t r r n rth rn l r lt t d r f r t r th t p ph r ( r f t l n t C nv r l n d l th b n f lv r h r n th l n th h r n lb p , rb n l r, nd r . p t r r f th p t l ld n bl th bl d r th r t h r l t v l l r p n n th h nd t b n bl t b rb h t h l th th h rt t p t l ld f l f th p - r p t b d t n h d fr pr nt ll r rf r r l t v t v l n bl n th f h p l z l nd nd . l nd , th h h h t t b r t n d h n r l b d l l n ld th r t nf d . z l nd t ft n p r t h t t b b rb d nf d th th . d l p - r p b t n b Unl th th r l nd p f d r t , l d t n h d n l p l h r t r n dd t n t d l nd h b r h v n t v lv d d t n t v l h nd t b l br tl t ( n . d l r p h p d fl ll r n th l nt nn h p bl f l r t t n f r th f lb p , b t b th t p ld f v r r n n t n b d t n h d b th l n f r t rt l f th p tr nl th th r h h r ft n f nd t - nt nn l f n l ( f h rt n lb p nd b h r t r 1-5 th r n th d n b v d r t d l nd . h b r r v r l l M l . (1 r t fl ll r xp nd d p ll v nt- r l t d h r pr b bl d r v d fr n l p r ll x v t d r bl n p d l ( b ( d- th t p d n rth- th l n n h h d lt l r nd l pl t h rt br d th ll r d l t r l r n t rf r r l t v t v l r d r tl r l t d t rf h v n v r f ll p r t d p n t r nd nt p r r l t b n f x d n th p p l t p r tt r d l n h r (3 r n t n d r l v Ind v d l n th n rth rn p rt f th l n ld h v th t p n l t r l h r l r n l ( d n h d p l r- l r d b d lv r h r n th p t r r f d r l v th pr rb t l l b l t pr nt nl th pr p d nd l n l nd r p t l C nv r l l t r l nd nt t n b h nd ll nd bl l pp - th t h h r lt t d nd l t t d ld h v h d t t b d p nd (5 r p d th t h rt r p t l nd d r r p nt t n l t r l r n r n v r l l p r d l r nd f r h v b n t ll f x d In th f ll n nt r l l r . . d l p - r p f l t r n l v l ld h v pr d d C Str t p - h v n b l t d n r n n th p d l h ld nd r t n In th n xt l l p r d l r l v l ld f r p n t r nd h r th n n th r d r t p h v p r tt d th bl f r t xt nd nt th rth th r bl n h p l . h l n t l r v r I l nd r th f r r tr t h l th p l r f r ld l r t th f h p l z l nd . t th t nd n h v r tr t d f rth r n rth nt th n rth rn l l nd th n t r p t th p - r p t p l f r n th f ll n nt r l l C Str t ld h v d r t h r n v d r pp r d pr v nt n th p l f r fr r h n th M l f th p - r p r t t n f r S th I l nd t xt nd d b f rth r th n th rth th f h p l l nd , h h h v r h v h h I l nd h l th h h r t p r t r ld h v r lt d bl d -l l t r l pr p d l r n M l r l - n th l n f r d l , r tr t n t nd p n t n f r . z l nd , b t n t th t th r tl x v t d n n r n l h h r lt t d n l b nd n th rth I l nd f r t fl ll r n d l nd h b r ntr t th nt n h ld h v r lt d n d l rr n th t f . z l nd , h h n t x v t d
—37— t h d l p - r p b r r d r b d Description. Female ( Body l n th 5 5-11 ; n th lph b t l n f p nd r d r t f r n l n th - ( r h . C l r Body bl th th f ll n ll t t d 48 2°S: v ntr l p p f f r nt r l t r l p t f f r t b f r t r b f ddl t b ddl t r l nt 1 -4 p t r d r l p t f h nd t b d r t ( r h lb p (Smi Fig. 6 h nd t r l nt 1- pr n t l l b nd nt r r p t lb p S th 1 7 p 7 ( h p l l nd t- n t l t t d 44 4 °S: xtr b f p nt r - t n 1881, p. 106. ll rr 1 97 p 5 (Cr br . l t r l p t f f r t b p t n f r f r b f tt n 19 p 9 ( h p l . l r 1955b p 9, ddl t b r f pr n t l l b nd nt r r p t n f 1 5 9 ( h p l ( h p l -197 p 7 t l r r nd p l r nd v d l r n b th r ( d r t ( r h . M ll r 1971 ( nd 19 p t t r d th tt r d r t f - n 7 ( h p l . C ll n 1979 p 3 ( d r t ( r h r nd d b nt lv r p b n n n l r h . l nt n W l r 1991 p 39 fr n l p nd b t n v rt x nd l r p t M t th ll d b nt n h r d r ll Diagnosis. Female. (1 d n d r l v th nt r r nd l t r ll n nt - nd th tt r d l n r t
• tl n f fr n b nd ll pp r n br t l n r f - n h r v ntr l t r ll n p l b nd r nl l ttl n v b t nd nt d t dl n ( Ap l f nt -5 Ep p th d n r l rl p d r n f l p th d n l b r t l n r (t p ll br tl p p th d n l r p d br tl t r n v nd l t r l r n h ll l t r l l b p x n t pr d d nt h rp t b r l ( 33 (3 Ep p l Str t r d ( 1 S rf n t l p n t l t r n pl t l d r t d b l t r l r n th M d n ll 7× dth f l t r l ll ; O OO r r l tr ht b t v n nt nd bt l ttl r d ll b t 3 t 3 ( 7 -0 Orb t l f v rv d b v rf nd xt nd n nl fr p x t l ttl xt nd n fr l t r l ll t p nd Ar n b nd d nt n t p n n ll fr nt f ll nl l ttl n v b t d pl nd nt d t nt n n f nt l n t b In th p n th dl n ; S / b t 3; / 1 5 Cl p h rt r nd d d r l t r l r d t n h lb p fr . th p l b nd r h ll l nd nt d; l t r l l b r nd . rb n l r, n h h th d r l t r l r f r n ll p n ; tl n n 33 M nd bl n l r nd th r n pr tr d r ( 9 b ( ll th l r p l t th h h rt r nd ft n Ep p r l t v l d n l v r d th br tl (5 n rr r th n pp r t th b t n ll l t l n r n t n d r l v th l t r l r n ( n h r l l n th; l l r t th pr n nt t t d b d f n l r n nt h rp b t b r l t b l b d r d th d Ant nn l fl ll r h rt nd ppr x t l nt r r nd p t r r t b r l p r t d b ddl ; l; fl ll r 1-5 v r n n r l t v l n th b t nt r r t b r l l r r nd l t th n p t r r n 5 5 5 5 5 5 t 1 1 ( ( r n t pl d l v b l h r z nt l h r x nd pr p d S rf n t l p n t l t fr nt v rt x; r n fr nt f ll th nl h ll r n t n d r l v th l t r l r n l ( n h r l r n nd r b t n t p f p nd n t d pl n l ntl r d r d d h rpl n t d r l t r l x v t d (7 M nd bl th l r t th h h rt r f f r n nt r r nd p t r r t b r l ; r d t p th n pp r t th ( r t 5 fl ll r r hl b- n v rth l pp r n h rp thr h t ( 44). S t l (9 Ep p ll th d n l r p d p n - th n t l d d n l n nd p r p d l l n d t n t t r nd l l rr n d d r t l l n br tl (1 r p d th d p d n l ; l n t d n l d- O ll d l p d; O OO 7- (11 M nd bl n f v n d l v t th p t r r b nd r - h p d th l l r t th ll b d f d r t r 1 th p ph r f 5 t ; h nd Male. (1 Ant nn n t r tl d f d; fl ll f r n t bl l v f r t d r l tl n th n v r r b t t nt h rt nd f t b t d l t r l v l n ; fl ll r 1-5 th bt f lv ll r n- W n f r l ( 3 l n t r l t r v ntr l p t ( 1 ( nd t b M t n t d r t nt l n th n l ttl b d v r l v t (d t l 0.3 v r ll n r l t v t pr x l l htl d l t d t d b t p r l v r n d l r (3 M t th 1 t nt v r l n nd th n p ll ; 1 -1 x l n th f h nd f r th pr x l 0.8 l htl x d n l n th f h nd tr h nt r nd f r ( h n rr r th n ddl f h nd f r G t r d t nd t b b ll th ll r n b t n nt 3 nd S xth nt v r r nd d;
-38- p p l r n pl t l d r t d b l t r l r n h r x nd pr p d l r t f l r t r th v n nt nd bt l ttl r d b v rf nd nt 1 th 3 l r p n n r n p t r r l t r l xt nd n nl fr p x t l ttl b nd d nt rf nd t b n t bl v r l v t W n 3 ( 9 M t n t bl n rr nd l n t ( h r r t n Ep p l t r l r n l b l t th n n f l r t nt v r l n t l htl b d f d (b t h t v r bl n v r r d x d n l n th f h nd tr h nt r nd f r d l t d h b v rf ; d f p p l ntl d ll b t p r l n t r tl xp nd d p ll r nd d n v n t f r n S rf f p p l- lth h n d l r G t r d t b t n nt nd 5 l r -p n t t t br t -p n t t r r 7 p ll r nd d; d r l rf th l t r l r l t -r l -p n t t n ll th nt nt p d l r n nt r rl b l t nd th l r l b t n p n t r n t d thr h t ft n th d n p n t r v r n f h r b t th t d r t l p r G n t l r r th fr n f h r n nn r d M nd bl l r t th ll h rt r nd n rr r th n nl ( t r d h rl r th n t l n th f pp r t th b t t th t pp r n f r hl d t v l ll r v t l l r p ll l l n th l t b l; n ll nd bl v r n rr nd tt n t d t - h p d r h n t b t p ll tr n t nd l n l r t th d t l rt r f d ( 73 h f l f . h b r t t n f r th t f . lb p , b t n t n b d t n h d b th C n 1 ( 11 W n O n l b h nd l n f r t rt l f th nt nn l fl ll ( f h rt n M r h 1975 n th 9 5 x dth lb p . Obl n - v l th t r rf p d nt r l f nt d nd r n th t fr nt f h t M l d l n th -1 ; f r n l n th 3 - E rn l h St t n CO 9 M r h 1975 n th 9 mm. x dth 5 C p d f ld d l fr - C l r r l t v l n t nt bl x pt f r th f ll - nt p rtl f d th r n bl fr nt f h t n h h r ll t t d 6 42°S: pr n t l l b ; nt nt n rp r t d thr h t t r rf nt r r p t n t l ; n x ll r l r t ; nt nn l p ; t r l t r l rf f nt nn l r b nd fl l- p d t l t p lb p ( M Η; n t n f l l r 1-5 ( p ll r n l n -5 h h r ?Ot f lv ll ; d t l h lf f f r f r nd nt r t b nd t r ; p l 1 f ddl f r d r l nd l t r l p t f t b nd t r l nt 1- ; p l 3 f h nd M t r l x n d 1 d lt (7 3 f l 59 t b nd t r l nt nd 3 nd pr x l h lf f l 17 l rv nd p p nt S th f l t t d 4 °S, nd n ld r r h b - r ll d d ll t n r t t n rth f th t bl r n pp r rf f nt nn l p nd v ntr l rf f f r t b rth f l t t d l nt n . lb p f l pt r pt r 6°S, nd n r r r h b t t th f th t th ll fr fl r f l h rb r nd n ll r b nl l htl r xt n v hr b n l d n S ll r r d n , p d d v x , t t r l r t f l A h ll ll f l , Rumex t ll , Gn ph l pp Str t r d n d r l v l r t f l ; O r h l tt pp S n pp l hr pp OO b t 5 Orb t l f v l r t f l Ap l M hl nb pl x , h r t n x, b p., A tl n f l p th d n l b n v ; l t r l l b ph ll p G n d pp An t pp nd th r n t p n -l n r th p d r t d f r rd ; l t r l pt r fl n b t pl nt ( fl r n M hl nb nd nt t n h ll M nd bl th r tl r d d pl x , C r v l r r b v l pl nt ( b l l l r t th; pp r p l t th ll l n r fl r n x t ll r pt r d n th r nd d r th n l r t th; l r t th t v r pt r r l pt r d n l v nd t f pl nt n ll b t n ll t th b l r v n ll t n nd n th r nd Wh n n t n r n nd f d v l p d; t th n r ll t nd p r t d b d p r v rb d ( tt v r W nd tr b n t n n n Ant nn l fl ll v r r b t th rt l h rt f d lt t n t ( ll Eph r pt r nd f t b t l n d l t n d f d; fl ll - pt r pt r d nd t r d n th n t- ll S h r 1-5 th bt r n l n t r l t r v ntr l pr ft n h nt d n d nd l v t t n n r p t (b l nl n fl ll r 5 ( 1 t r
-39- At l Str b l th n Gl r Mt C l n f p t d l ; p r 5 l n C ll nt nt 1 t n l r MK, n v r r b t n 1975 nd 1991 l h p d d p p l t n d r n n r pr d l t x l v l n t n nd S lv r Str r M n b rr Eph r pt r nd r h pt r ( rr 199 h l n l n d t 7 ° 3 d b 5 l n ; ll b rr Str l n d th l r b ld r h h l pr tr d l n ; nn r l r f p t d nd l n ; ll b v th t r n d- tr It b n r l n d th 15 l n b 7 d ; p r l n C ll d nd r b nd h h r r f h n l nd nt nt E p d d ( pt r p nd t pr t ; nd n h h th r br n n n t Ev r n r th l t d z br n h b (Eph r pt r 5 b ld r n nd l n n th l Str r r l rl pr t p d b fr rn 3 t . lb p nd . r . h p t 3 n lt O tr r v r M n b rr t d f r l t d z br n h nd . h ll v rt l 3 1 d b l n r t ll (Eph r pt r t r l t f th t r nt th t n b l rf ; ll b rr 5 l n ; ll 1 3 A th b f th fl pl t nd th b t- l n ; ll nt nt phr t d (3 S l d (5 t pt d t tr l t th r br n n ld p n p ll x n d ( r ph l d (1 l h p d d (3 th b fr t x v t n t t p r l nd t C l d ( S nd ll 9 b l rf 1 t t n t S rph d th r n r l pr n th r p rt f l n b 9 d ; ll nt nt M l n n n v l nd r t nv t t d b t r j t d z l nd (S rph d r n b r f n ntr d r l r pt r d M l b rr ( 1 d r h rt r nd n rr r th n n th t n ll nd l rl r t n t p r l f l n t v r n n dth fr 1 5 t 3 5 nd n nd t n t n t It ld th t th p p l t n t l l n th fr t On t f v nd v d l p Str l ll d pt d t pr d t n n d lt t h n t ( h h r n v r l d t n ht nd d r n n t nd th nd t h ph d f r p n l nt th r n r ll h t- p f t th rd n l l v l t pr n f h t r h h t bl n - v t 5 l n nt r l n rd r f n t b 7 d t l d r th v ntr l n r l r t n t p r n nt p r l n b n r n f pr t ( 1 nd t th r t bl - pt r d tr n v r l n th bd n l v nt r ( 1 f h l rv r rr r h ld p n h d f r rd b th t n ft r b t 3 d A t p l n p ddl l h p x f th pr bd n l d n nd bl n - v t p l b ff-br n tt 9 v nt r nd n pr j t b nd th p p d l n b n x dth th v r r h t t h p n t n nd nd l lt r n l r xt r r p d f nt d nd r n h lt/l l l t ll nd nd n r v l n nd d n ll thr h t n t d f nt d nd r n l n d b h r ll n r v r nd tr l l r n n th n d th v r th n h n n p l br n `v rn h lt r v r b n r d d nd l r pl It ft n r t d b th l rv t n l /l r d f rth n n th b n nd n th b d f r v r nd tr nd h v r n l r rth pp r n th ll fr - It r ll n xp d l b v f r t nd n t nt f h t n fr n t n pr r n b lt nt th ntr t r n ll t t r d v rt ll nt h r z nt l l nd h r z nt ll nt v rt l b n th l tt r ll rv n r . Alth h pr n xt n v l n pt r . nd nt n n d n rd t pl r t n n l h r lb p n ll n l d Eph r pt r l pt r ll nd t th ntr n nd ll n t x n d h d nd r h pt r n t n t On Ot r v rb n t - th r n r t ll A p r ll pr nt n th t n l d l pt r th pt r n b rr j t b f r th ll h b rr l ft p n M n n t n (p r h b rv d th d r n pr v n n M n b rr r - ( n p f ll n n t th xt r f d l h p d d 5 3 l n b 3- ( n 3 d C ll r tr t d l x n d dr ph l d nd Eph r pt r -17 l n b 7 d nd ll b rr r n th b n f th tt v r t S lv r tr W I h v -1 l n Wh n pr nt th ntr n nd v r d d l r b rv t n n b th th rth nd S th fr 15 t r ( t ft n b nt I l nd h t t n t l Str MK n l n th t p l n t r h n n 1 - t 1 t d r n n r t l t . lb p p p l t n pr x l - O tr r d n th r v r n lt M n b rr v l n t n t ( tl Eph r pt r nd v rt l 3 1 d b l n ; ll b rr r h pt r nd r j t n l t bl pt r ( rr l n ; ll 1 l n b d ; nn r l r 199
40 d r t ( r h rb n l r( a a o e nd t n t r l t v l h rt nd v r br d ( O ll rb n r S th 1 5 p (Cr br , n t hlb pp r n ll p r t d fr p nd ; O OO 1 3 ; l nd -1 7 p ( h p l r b t 1 ( 5 Ar n fr nt f ll v r n v d n ll tr n v r n fr nt l v pp r n r t- b n r . tt n 1 1 p 1 5 ( rb n r - 19 p 9 M ll r 1971 ( nd 19 p 7 pl f 3 n l r nd v r d ( ; / b t ; S / v 19 p 1 b t 3 Ant r r b rd r f l p n 3 th d n l b l rl xt nd n ll b nd l t r l rb n l r ll rr 1 97 p 5 (Cr br (r pl - nt n f r rb n r S th l b M nd bl th l r t th ll b d f d ( 31 ; x f pp r nd l r p l t th d v r nt; l l r , b, p 1 ( h p l ( h p l - 197 p 7 ( d r t ( r h . h rt t th p nt d ll p r t d b d t n t n n; pp r M n 197 p 393 C ll n 1979 p 39 l nt n t th l r r nd l n r th n l r t th ( 9 r t W l r 1991 p n n fl ll r b t 5 5 5 5 M M r lpt r l r t r . r n t n Diagnosis. Female. (1 M nd bl th l r n d r l v th l t r l (h r l r n l l rl r d b r n l r l r t th ll b d f d ( f h n f - d d r d th n l d n p nt r n ll n r r d n r ( 31 ( M nd bl th x b v h ht f ntr l d d l r ( 5 S t f pp r nd l r p l t th d v r nt; t th ll p - t n t nd pr p d h f r r . r t d b d p n n p nt d; l r t th ll f r r , b t p ph r n 1 t f r t r l ll r nd h rt r th n pp r t th ( 9 (O n l nt n r ll th 7 r br tl nd v d l th r nd d b l p l t th l r t r n l r t l th f r h ld b h d f r h r t r 1-9 (3 M t h f r r . Ep p f r r , b t r n t n d r l v th l t r l (h r l r n l rf b t n p n t r n t d ll th t r - r n t pl t h h h rp n f - d d l th t lpt r ; l t r l r n xt nd n fr p x t b ll bl nt nt r r nd p t r r t b r l l rl h h r th n r d b v rf d n d d l r ( 5 ( d n fr nt l v n ll d th fr n ll pp r n d Male. d l n th 7 -1 ; f r n 5 -11 7 p nd ( /S ll l th n n r ll C l r r l t v l n t nt d r r n l r r ( t b t 3 3 ( (5 Ant r d n r n f l p h h r l t t d nd lt t d bl th th f ll n pr j t n ll b nd l t r l l b ( Ar n fr nt f ll rth f l t t d 6°S: d r l nd p t r r r n ll v r n v (7 Orb t l f v h ll v r br d f pr th r t b r l ; nt r r p t n t l ; nt nn l t tl n h t nd t n t ( f d t n tl pr d p x pt f r d r l nd v ntr l bl n - v l bl nd n rr n r ( ( O OO b t 1 ; p t v ntr l rf f p d l nd t r l t r l p t f h nd ll v r ll p r t d fr p nd (9 fl ll r 1- n p x f r n l (l t 5 p rt f lv t r l p p l r n pr n nt nt r (1 U ll ll ; d r l nd nt r l t r l rf nd nt r b l r (1 -1 -th l r t p n l nd nd p x f f r t b nd f r t r l nt 1- ; d t l Male. (1 Ant nn l p d l r tl xp nd d ( f ddl f r b p x nd nn r nt r l t r l ( O OO b t 1 (3 Orb t l f v h rt v r p t f t b nd t r l nt - S th f l t t d d ( r n t th l t r l (h r l r n l n 44°S: nt r r p t n t l ; b nd t r l t r l p t d r l v pp r n h h nd h rp- d d f p nd t r l t r l p t f p d l nd fl ll - r 1- n r n l (l t 5 p rt f lv ll ; d t l Description. Female. d l n th 1 -1 ; f r - 1 f f r f r nt r r d r l t r l p t f t b t r l n l n th 7 -1 3 nt 1-3 nd d t l h lf f nt 5; p l p t r - C l r hr h t t r n b d nd pp nd l t r l p t n ddl f r nt r l t r l p t f t b bl x pt f r ll l n t - v l p t n nn r nd t r l nt 1-3; h nd t r l nt nd 3 nt r l t r l p t f f r t b t t r l r t f l t t r n h d nd l r t r . M t - Str t r d r l rf l r t f l O h f r r , b t h r n h p p v r n OO b t 1 ( 5 Sh ll pr - rb t l l f r ddl f d t l ( f b r n r , h r th h r f r f l Ant r r r n f l p th d n l b l t r l fr n xt nd n ll b nd l t r l l b t tl n d pl Str t r d M r lpt r l r t r . rt x n d ( l r t f l 3 M nd bl th l v r d Orb t l f v h ll th tl n h t r n b r n d t n t b l l r t th; pp r p l
- 1- t th l t l h l r r nd l n r th n l r r n nv bl nd r th fl h l t d n th t th l r t f l Ant nn h hl d f d th b rr ft n nd l t r th fl d pp r t p d l r tl xp nd d n t bl d r th n b nt t n nt th b rr th t th p r pp r n t th rt l ; fl ll r 1- b r n r n l n t r rf h n b rr l ft p n d r n pr v n n d r l t r l f th 1 nd v r r nd d 3 x v t d t ( 1 1 - r d n nd r nd -l l b ll nd xp nd d p ll n t r l t r v ntr l h lf ft n n d n r n r nd r ll n r v r nd ( tr h n b rr v r fr l t h r z nt l t M l r t f l v rt l nd th n b r f ll v r fr n t f v r t r l nt 1 th r f 5 t nd rt l b rr th r d t n n t ll r th t t b pr p rt n t l l xp nd d th n n lb p . n h p d h f th n b rr th th r n n p x f th bd n b nt nd r th h r M t d t b t n nt 3 nd r t ft n nd f p l t th b rr ntr n p t 1 5 nt l n th n n d l r l n h nd tr h nt r pl d p nd 95 d f r; r nd r r b t S nt 7 l n n rr v r In n t th n b rr pr d d b h rt h v l p n t r d ll v r d th t f nn l ( 1 1b h h p n d t th rf n v l G n t l v r l r t lb p , b t d t v l ll r ntr n r n 7 x t 1 x 1 n rr n v n r h rpl tt n t d v r 7- d t n t p rf tl r nd h l 5 -7 ( n 5 n d t r A p r t th b f th f r t p d t . l t p rb n r ( M ; n f - ll b ntl nl r d nt ll b rr l d n t l b r n l b l - " Y E" ( r l r r d- r n d th nd ( r b nt ll C ll b rr r 5 -5 5 " l nd / 913" ( r l r r " p x d b ( n 5 d b -1 l n th l n t n l r " " . l r d t 1955 C A O CA O - t l nd C ll r 17 -19 9 l n nd 5- 9 A IUS S th " " l r d t 1955 h p l r ( n h h CAM " "/ Y E" (p n "SY Y E" ( r l r bl - r t r pr nt d r t d v r t f p r n d "SY Y E Cr br rb n r S d t C (th h nl pt r nd r p t n d p n h d rd 19 1 " f n fr th ll ntr n An nn r l r f l t p l ( M Η; n t n l t v r p t d nd 3-5 l n d ft r v p t n [ ; = t r r ] (WO h l d n th l t pr t f h t r h l n th n rv d ( 1 1d M t r l x n d. 7 d lt ( 71 f l 15 l 3 -3 l n b 9 d p t n d v ntr ll 1 l rv nd 9 p p r pr nt n ll d d ll t n n th n rv n r nd th h d f th fl E l n r r 3 d ft r th l d nd n n tr t n t pl b t nth l t r l . nt n . rb n l r f l t M l b rr l th f th f l r n t l d p tr l p nd p th n nd d n h r th h f r t n ht r d r n n l nt th r h n th r - l r pt r h h th p fl - A ll p d S h b rr d n nd v r d fr t 75 th t pt r n th l f nd b n t fl r nd d p nd fr 5 t 7 d n nd b t f l ln p t r rr nd n bl - t r . rb n l r pr x l v l n pt r nd d n n p rt ll l r d f r t n r t W n f r n n It t l r ll ph r d th r v d n r 197 . rb n l r f l r h n t b n d t h n d d nd tr t d ll C ll ph r dr l t (C ll ph r d r nd fr h v r h ll r fl hr r f r v r l r fl r dr pp n nd n v b r 19 9 f l r pl d n h ll b t 1 r r ll r pr t pt r n l r p f An b rrh n h b v p n l ll fl r n x t ll . r l p r n nt r rr r h ld p n h d f r rd b th r . In 1 3 hlb d r b d E r p n p - p ddl l th th p x f th fl bd n l Cr br rb n r (n r n d n n v nt r nd n pr j t n b n th th p p d f Cr r ( l ph r pt l t e.g., h p fl nt t n t rr n th pr th t h ldt 197 p Wh n S th (1 5 d r b d h p n t th ntr n h fl dr pp d n d th l nd p Cr br rb n r th n ntr n t th n rr nd f th ntr n n ( h n th r f r pr p d; ll rr (1 97 rd n l pr nt th t p d j t v bl b t th p pr v d d th r pl nt n rb n l r.
-42- h t nfl t n d t r n t n l b l n th h l - l t r l v t p x l n d l r th n n d l , l n r
t p nd t th t l r h d b n n bl t d t n h th n h nd f r; n d r t d r l v th r rr nd- b t n f l f rb n r ( rb n l r nd n p r l n t pp r n r d ( 7; f r d n d r . h r nd d v r l r b t th l r h h l , nd r f bd n v r l r t p n n th h r l n l f th pr n t d t n t v d l . f rb n l r ( n r th p n fl tt n d l r l pr v t b l f rb n l r, h h th M l d l n th 5 -7 ; f r n l n th - 6.0 l r t l nd d r t . mm. C l r bl t d r br n th th f ll n ll nt nn (p d l nd fl ll f lv ll ; nd bl d r t ( r h h b r ew s ecies (t th r d ; nt r r p t n t l ; n x ll r l r t ; n l t l f t r l n t l nd r t n t ; f r l x pt b f f r; ddl l x- x d n l n th f h nd f r M d n l b f l p pt xtr b f f r; p x f h nd x b nd p ll r n t th pr n n d r nd d n n p x f tr h nt r p x f f r pr x l f t b nd M t n t nd nd bl ll Ant nn ll - t r r - Onl l ttl d r r n l r rth I l nd r n r f lv r n n ll bl l l t M l M t n t nd nd bl ll Ant nn Str t r n t r p t l r t f l b t t - ll - r n r f lv n ll bl ( l h r- th 1 t nt h l n r nd l nd r r th n n t r n d n d l p - r p d l , n r ll f l r l n th t h nd f r; r n- d r f t l r t d l . G n t l ( 7 r pt n l d l n th 5 - 5 ; f r n l r t d l , b t p r r br d r l n th - C l r l d r th n n . d l . In r r r p d t l t p ( AC; n l p ΤO 1 bl r d r br n th th f ll n ll nd bl n r 193 S Ar tr n x pt p x (r d ; nt nn l p (p d l nd fl ll r t p 57 d lt (57 f l 1 l ; 13 AC f lv ll - r n ; pr n t l l b ; p t n t l ; 1 C 3 OM fr K ; Wh n r ; A - b l r r ; t n t ; n x ll r l r t ; f r l l nd; h ; ; Mt r n ; r ; M n n ; x pt pr x l f f r; ddl l x pt pr x l Oh r ; p ; W t p ; W n ; M n 15 f f r nd 5th t r r ; d t l 3 f h nd x t r ; S rl Str Cl ft n; r n ; Mt pr x l f tr h nt r nd t b nd t r r - r n [E nt]; t ; nt rv ll ; ld n ; lp f lv nd t (p rt l rl n v nt r ft n h n n ll ; l r t n rth; M nr h p rtl f lv In l r r ll r h t h- l- l r t n rth; Upp r tt; W n t ; nd Te l th d r p nt h n thr h; nt nn l Wh r p d l nd fl ll f lv br n; n x ll r l r- t br n; r th n 5 % f f r nd ddl f r M t r l x n d p r nl bl ; th r h b v AK C WO O G K I W WA t t r v r l r t d l , b t pr p d l d l v- t th tt l l b nd d v r l l n th r d C nf n d t th rth I l nd n r r r l r r th d n lv r p b n b r n th nd rl n d r ( f l t n d n d l . l nt n pr pt r nd n t n v r l r Str t r v r l r t d l , b t rb t l f v ft n t . d l . t n 1 l rl tl n d p r f r nd r d pl n d th h v r v r bl r n n rr ; S / 13- 19 d r t ( r h r r p d l d l v t th d p tt l l l n (Came o b v nd b l th n tt n t d b nd d v r r C r n 1 p 1 1 (Cr br l nd ll l l n th r d th d n lv r p b n (h rr 1 97 p 59 (l l t n rr t "Ind " t- d l th l ll br d r nd h ll r nd t n 19 p 9 ( h p l . l r 195 p 1 5;- ll n t tt n t d nt n rr b v b t nd 1955b p 11 f 7 11 ( h p l ( h p l — br dl ; n r t b nd d l l n th r d b l n 197 p 7 ( d r t ( r h —197 b p lv r p b n 7 h rt M n 197 p 393 C ll n 1979 p M t th 1 t nt v r l n nd n rr n 37 l nt n W l r 1991 p 0.
- 3- j 1 9 (Cr br h rt C r n,( h p l . p 3 h rpl nt p rp nd l r f v r n v l p n M n 197 p 393 ( d r t j . C ll n v nl n rd fr p nd t dl n / 1979 p 37 l nt n W l r 1991 p b t ; S / b t Cl p th nt r r r n n 35 t d n l b xt nd n l ttl n l (1 M nd b l r p x th pp r nd b nd l t r l l b th pr j t n f r rd t b r- l r t th r l t v l l p r t d b l th l M nd bl th l r l b d n l rf x p r ll l nd p ntl r nd d ( 3 ( ( 3 ; pp r nd l r p l t th b l l ttl p- M nd b l r l r n th l r t th l ttl b d r t d th p ntl r nd d; t th t th f d ( 3 (3 r l n l f pr n t th ll d v l p d th l ttl r n nd nt t n b t n; l t r l r n l bl nt n d r l v h rdl r d ft n rn t l r t th l htl th h rt r ( 3 r t th bl nt nt r r nd p t r r t b r l p r t d b fl ll r b t 7 9 ddl ( ( d th r n fr nt f ll v r h r x nd pr p d S rf n t l p n t l t n v (5 r n n f l v pp r n l ttl r th n r n t n d r l v th l t r l r n l ( n h r l h lf dth f p nd ( 1 ( O OO b t n l bd pr d r l t v l v r fl tt n d n h h r 3 5 t 1 (7 Ep p pl t l b nd d b l t r l th n ntr l d ( S t th d d n l n r n th nt r l r nd ll r d b v rf ; l n nd n p n t l f nt p r p d l l n v r p l t r l t v l f n ; th nt nt h n b t- d t n t S t ll nd t n t n t d; pr n t n- n p n t r ( 5 ( Orb t l f v n rr ( f t l ll l t M d n l n t d n l l d p n- d n rb n l r ( 3 t n ; d l v t th d p d n f v M l . (1 Ant nn th p d l n t xp nd d l r t r th 1 t nt b r n p - ll n th n fl ll r ; fl ll r 1 x v t d ph r f 5 r l n br tl nd t b l v t b t l ttl b ll ll n p ll ; fl ll r v r r tl n- l th n n lb p . l r d pr d d l t r ll nt l r bl n xp n n; r n n 5 fl ll r 3 r tl xp nd d ( 3 ( r n t n M t n t d r t nt p d n l t ; p x n d - d r l v th l t r l r n l ttl r d ( n l r r th r ph r l; pr x l 7 th n n t h d l t d (3 G t r th 1 t nt h h rt r th n h nd tr h- n r p r l Ep p th h r d b nt r l t v l nt r pl f r f n ; h nt nt v bl b t n h r nd p n t r ( 5 ; l t r l r n l r nt r r d ll b v r pt n. l . d l n th 9 -15 ; f r - rf fr p x t b th nt n t pp r n n l n th 7 1-11 rn r nd d ( 5 C l r bl th th f ll n ll t t d 8 42°S: l n t - v t p t n nn r nt r l t r l p t M l . d l n th -13 ; f r n l n th - 5 f f r t b ; ll r nd p t d r p ll n f r f r; mm. d r l r n f pr n t l t b r l t t d 44 4 °S: C l r r l t v l n t nt bl th th f ll n bl n - v t p t n f r t b ll t t d 8 4 °S: pr n t l l b ( x pt b ; t t r rt x n d x pt f r n r l n r t nt r r p t n t l ; n x ll r l r t ; b nd f - n h r h h r l h r n h d n- t r l t r l p t f nt nn l p ( n rr b nd l d n nd bl n d b nt lv r p b n t r l t r l p t f p d l nd xp n n n fl l- n n nd l r fr n b t n nt nn l t nd l r 1- (l t 5 p rt f lv ll d t l f f r fr nt l r n f p nd r n t l t r ll nd f r t b x pt f r d r l nd v ntr l bl n - v l n d l v t th l n r t f - n h r M t - bl p t nd t r ; d t l f ddl t b x pt f r th f n d b nt f - n h r p - d r l nd v ntr l n rr bl n - v l bl p t nd ll d r ll nd l t r ll n nt - ; d l t r l nt 1- ; h nd t r l nt - rth f p d r t h r n tr n v r l n n r p t r r r n l t t d 4 °S ll r n d t l 1 b nd nn r n t rn -5 t l 7 f h p p th fr n f f f h nd f r nd n nt r ddl t r S th f r t br tl ; tt l p rt b r Ep p th h r d - l t t d 4 °S bl r n d t l h lf ( t l t f ll h nd b nt r l t v l f n ; h nt nt v bl b t n t r l nt pr n t l l b nd b f nt nn l p h r nd p n t r t th t nd n th nd v d l fr p rt l rl Str t r d S rf n t l p n t l t ; O r r r h b t t n th l t t d ll b r l- OO 3 5 t 1 ( - 5 Orb t l f v n rr ( 3 l th n nd t d nd th fr l r r h b t t Ar n fr nt f ll h r d r l p rt f h d rv ll b d r r
-44- t t r l r t f l b t th n t bl l n h r n ( r l r r d- r n d "C r n ll 9 - 1 " l t r l nd p t r r f f pr p d " h p l j C t p l nd" " M Str t r d n d r l v l r t f l O Y E YM 1 9 7b" "SY Y E" ( r l r bl - OO b t 9 ( Ant r r b rd r f l p th r n d "SY Y E h p l j C d t d n l b pr j t n ll f r rd f l t r l l b ( n C rd 19 1 "; ( f l b r n 7 l b l —" Y E" 35 M nd bl th v t l l l r t th; ( r l r r d- r n d "C r n 99 - 3 " "/ l " pp r t th l r r nd l n r th n l r t th Ant nn " h p l j C t p l nd " ` M r tl d f d; p d l n t xp nd d; fl ll r 1 Y E YM 1 9 7 " "SY Y E" ( r l r bl - xp nd d p ll x v t d b ll b l ; fl ll r r n d "SY Y E h p l j C d t r tl xp nd d t d t l b l n l t bl n C rd 19 1" h r ht nd bl f th f l pr j t n l r r th n p d l; fl ll r 3 r tl p r th pr n t l d f l l nth d b tl pr b bl xp nd d ( 3 r n t f t v . h r x nd pr p d r n t n d r l v th l t r l (h r l r n l r l t v l l ttl r d pr d d Material examined. p r pl 7 n n-t p nt nt r r nd p t r r t b r l r p d l r t d lt ( 1 f l 5 l 5 l rv nd 3 p p f l r ll d d ll t n r r t r l nt 1 th r f p n n p t r r v ntr l t r l rf nd t b n t bl l Biology. nt n . r f l t t fl l v t (d t l pr p rt n t l h l xp nd d ( pt r th n t r fr fl r nd t th n n lb p . pt r th n th r th ppr h th fl r l M t l r t f l d t b t n nt r l r v d fr l v nd fr r fl r h d 3 nd h r t n t bl br d r t nt n d l r nd t l In v b r 19 9 n d n n r t xp nd d n r n f p r l h h rt r th n h nd W . r f l r h n b v x t tr h nt r pl f r S v nth nt th b l t ll , t h n S rph d nd Str t d Al n l d r l t r l r n l d n l p n t t pr p rt n t l Str Mt C MK n n r r f l j n d . l r r nd r n l r th n n lb p . lb p t n n t n n th tr f r b n l G n t l v r l r t lb p , b t p r r r l - fl ( , Deleatidium z br n h t l b t f t v l l htl l n r nd l ttl l h r th t r nd p th t n h n th r br n n ld p n nd r v th fr th r x v n th Type data. Η l t p r ("r p t r n n n" - b f th b pl t A ll b th r br n n l r 1955b l Gr th ( l pt r d r n d lt r h pt r h n n Η l t p j ("r p t r n n n" l r tr d r l . El h r th p nl . lb p , 1955b l Gr th ( l r (1955b t t d pp r t pr n pt r nl r l p r n nt th t h ld d n t n t p b t d d n t p bl h r rr r h ld p n h d f r rd b th f rth r d t l p ddl l th th p x f th bd n l v nt r In 199 I x n d f l nt p f Cr br r nd n pr j t n b n th nd b nd th p C r n d n t n n l t t p nd l nd p d h p fl t pr nt th n t th t f l nt p f Cr br j C r n p n t th ntr n S t th pr dr pp d t t p r : f l b r n 5 l b l — " l nd f ll tr n d th ntr n h r th p d / 913" ( r l r r " l r d t 1955 h p l j t v bl h p x n th ll t th nd f th r [f l ] CAM" "SY Y E" ( r l r bl - r- b rr th n ( th t pp r n t th rf r t rn f r n d "SY Y E Cr br rb n r S d t C th pr h h d pp r nd r r nd rd 19 1" " t t p Cr br r d n t d A C t t n t f nd lt l nd h n l nd nd rr 199 " S nt p f l (h d n th l b l n t l nd nl nd d n tr nd r v r r ll r- — " l nd" ( r l r r "/ S th ll pr b n nd r v l p t Wh r . r pp r t n t n Mr rr n Wh t 99-3 3" " EC E CQ O- h n l l th b rr ll p n tr t t n r f AG I US CO A [f l ] ? (C r n " "SY - b r d nd n h h th ll r d . r ft n n t Y E" ( r l r bl - r n d "SY Y E Cr br n th n r l r . lb p nd . rb n l r, rb n r S d t C rd 19 1" " EC O Y E n nd d n xp d b l n nd f r n n t- Cr br r C r n d n t d A C Η rr 199 " v r f r t n th b n f th rnb ll v r n r O r S nt p j : (1 l b r n l b l — " Y Ε" W n r 197 - 9
— 5— t ( 1 3 r d n nd l h l ndr l nt nt 1 St x l tr n , r n f th r th- n b rr b d v rt ll nt h r z nt l rf n t r . r l rv ( h n th r b r hl r l r nd rr nd n C ll 3 b l rf 3 fr n b rr ; th ntr n p t 1 d p nd 9 n d t r nt nt 5 St x l tr n , th- n t r r l rv h r z nt ll n v rt l b n ( h n th n b rr ll C ll 75 b l rf 9 fr n b rr ; t rn nd pr d t t p n l l p n t n n l r nt nt 1 l ph n r t l ( b n d . rv d h r b fr n t f v ll th h t r egg. n t h v n r t ll (At t W n 197 nd C ll 5 b l rf 95 fr n b rr ; 19 9 n t b l d nl nd nd t n t h d fr thr nt nt ll Str t d 1 St x l tr n , . t f v ll C ll r nn t d t th n b rr b ll r . b rr f v r d l n th Wh n h ll pl t d h ll 1 -19 l n b d r l d p r d n fr nt f th ll b rr t th b tt f th t th ntr n th 3-5 f p t d l n b rr h ft n b ntl nl r d th M l b rr M l p nd n ht nd n l nt n xt ll b rr n th f ll b rr nd n b r f ll th r n h rt b rr th t th d th th p x f th pp r t d p nd n l t p l t pr v l bl nd bd n v r th r h r t r t f th r h b t t C ll f h t r h h t bl n - v t rv d b rr n r t r v r l n h l t th f t -3 1 l n b - 9 d l d v ntr ll n f th n Gl r MK r n t bl h rt r t th h t n rv d r nd th h d E l n r r p t n d n ll p n h d fr th ntr n ft r 3 d nd th f n l- n t r l rv t n M n b rr r -1 ( n 1 l n nd nth l t r h r n - nth pr p p l d p C ll 3 -5 ( n n d t r C ll b rr r nt nt r t d tr d b l rv f An b r 3 -1 ( n 7 l n ll v r d fr 1 t 5 rh n h p ( pt r h r v d ( n 19 l n b -1 ( n 9 d nd th p r 5- l n Ind v d l ll r l d t th r . l f r nd rb n l r r n- ntr n n th ll b rr b 3-5 - pl f p t d f d n th p t ( r nd r rb n l r, p 3 nd nd th p r 5- l n Ind v d l n t t l Str MK n h r z nt l nd h d ntr n 3 5-3 9 d n th ntr f nd 3 -5 d A l h r n t r d d r t ( r h d l ew s ecies b d t n h n b rr 3 5-3 9 d nd n . l . t l f t r bbr v t d r l - th f r t ll 5- b l th rf Of 15 n t t v l h rt nd th l ttl h rt r th n h nd f r ( x v t d n n r n l - ll d nd x h d t ll M d n l b f l p r t l n r M t n t h ll nt n d v n r ht fl ( l t d nd bl nd nt nn bl (pl h r t r n d l z br n h r p nd . h ll r p r v n fl p - r p d n nd n dd fl ( n ntr d r l . At K dd M l . M t n t nd bl nd nt nn bl t l h O n l - ll d n t 3 d n v rt l nd- f t r r l t v l h rt nd th (pl h r t r l t d n t ll b n nt n h r z nt ll f r th n t rn d nd d l p - r p d n nt n d v rt ll f r 5 nd n n n l t r n l ll r pt n. l . d l n th 5 -9 3 ; f r n h f ll n n t n d n n t l f r t n r th l n th -7 rnb ll v r O r t p l f n . r n t n C l r bl x pt f r nn r d r l t r l p t f th r h ntr n r nd h l 5 n d t r f r t b b f ddl nd h nd t b nd x ll r n th ntr f nd 9 d nd 1 d p n l r t f n h h r ll (l t t d 3 - 5°S h r z nt l nd v r d th r r / l v r rd h t t r d th tt r d r t f - n n b rr n t d f v rt l p r ll l- d d r nd h r n fr nt f ll nd d b nt lv r p b n h l 5 d b l n h r r f v ll n l r fr n n r p nd l r r nd f ll l p r p d l d l v t th tt l l n t C ll 1 fr rf fr n b rr ; b nd d n th r d b lv r p b n ff ntl nt nt 1 St x l tr n (M d 1 Str t - d n t b r nd rl n p d r h h l d 3rd- n t r . r l rv l rl v bl M t l nt -5 th ll d - C ll 3 fr rf fr n b rr ; b nt f - n h r l t r ll ll p ll
—46— n t r nd v r t f t r 5 x pt b ; f C l r A d r p rth f l t t d 44°S: tl l n r t f - n h r n p r p l r n bl t d r br n b t ll n n rr t r l t r l t rn -5 p p th nl f p r h r b nd f nt nn l p ; nt r r d r l t r l p t f p ll Ep p l t th t v t t r f r t b ; f r t r (f lv ; pr x l 3 f ddl Str t r d n t l p n t l t O OO 5 5 t b ; ddl t r r 1 - ; pr x l 3 f h nd t b ; 9 ( Orb t l f v v r h rt b l t p t r rl h nd t r r nd 3 (b f lv ; nd n x ll r Ar n fr nt f p nd n t h x v t d l r t In r r r ( t n S t nd l r t th t f lb p / 7 r n n rr ; d r p rt f l (b t n t nt nn t f lv S / b t Cl p th p l b rd r l r t r th r th n bl S th f l t t d 4 °S: bl b t ll th t f lb p , d n l b r t l n r M nd bl th t n xtr b f nt nn l p ; nt r r d r l t r l l l r t th; pp r nd l r t th b l ft n p t f f r t b ; pr x l f ddl t b nd pr x - ll d v l p d fr ntl th t n n n b t n l f t r r 1 nd ; nd pr x l 3 f h nd t b th r t rt l f fl ll l rl v r h l n r ( n ll b f h nd t r r nd 3 nd ll th n n nt nn l rt l x pt p ; fl ll r 1 - l n x ll r l r t n r t f b t 1 7 7 7 ( t t r n h d nd l r t f l h r x nd pr p d S rf f th r x n t l M t th f n d r t l l n h r n p p p n t l t r n t th l t r l (h r l r n l v r Str t r d n d r l v l r t f l Orb t l bl nt pp r n n l t n th t nt r r f v b l t p r pt bl nl n bl d pr n nd p t r r l b S t th n t l nd p r p d l l t r ll b tt n h nd ll nd n th r h ll r l n pr nt; d d n l n h rt d t n t r l t v l ll d pr n bl l pp t t b d p nd p r t d r p d th f n l r - tr l t Ar n fr nt f ll b r l x v t d ( p rt fr d p r lpt r rr n d n h rl ; tt l l h ll d n l r n n rr ; S / 17 - Ap - n d ; f v n d l v t ft n th n b l t l n t - l b nd r f l p th d n l b br t l n r d n l r n n th r d f tt l l ntl r t nd l t r l l b bl nt p n M nd bl r t r nt 1 th tt r d ll p n th t l l r t th; p l t th p r t d b n t rr n d n r th t p ph r nd t b d t n t n n th pp r t th l r r nd l htl l n r l v t t d r l tl n th n l t r l pr f l th n l r t th l ll r 1 t nl r d v ntr ll r n n x v t d nd h p d l p d l; r nd r h rt f t M t d t n nt n r b nd r th d th r l n ( r d r x pt th l t ( b rn nt 5 S nt 1 n d l r r l t v l h rt nd th M l r t f l r n t n d r l v l ttl h rt r th n h nd f r; n d r l v r r- th t l t r l (h r l r n l th r th n n b l t r nd n p r l d t n tl pr t b r nt (n t n h t n th h ll tt l l r t r b r ( nt 1 th 3 ll p t r l t r l br tl nd t b Ep p Ep p l pl t th nl f tt r d l v t b t d t l l ll n th n n lb p . p r p n t r nd pp r n l t th t br tl ; M t d t b t n nt nd 5 r t rf n t d h hl p l h d; d t l n v ; ntr l nt n d l r h rt r th n l n th f h nd f r S - d bb ; l t r l p p l r n tr n l d v l p d nt nd 3 l n n rr S nt nd 5 d t n tl p nn n th nt r d l t d th n th r Ep p th p d l pl t r t n (f l p p (p d l pl t pl t r nd d br d b nd d l t r ll b ll r d t th d bb p x n v nd n d- r n nd b ll b l ; rf f p p th n l n t d n l bd pr d r n t ( r l t v l f tt r d p n t r p n fr t t th pl t G n t l ( 75 l r t th f . lb p nd . b-d pr d d n l n t d n l r n xt nd n fr p rr tt , b t p r r b r n l n h r n b th nn r nd p x t b M nd bl th t th b l r n t th t r f n h p l z l nd . r r l n l ttl l r r th n th th r r t t th tr n t d r l nd r n rr b ll r d ll d l t n t rd p x r nd d t th r th t n n n b t n th A l ttl n rr r th n n h b r , h h t th r f l p n fr Q n t n O h d th pp r fr n r bl x v t d l r t th t f . r . p d t l t p (OM ; n l Ob l M l d l n th 5 - ; f r n l n th - n CO n l r d n r pp r p rt f r r mm. Cr ( 5°17 S 1 9°1 Ε 15 n r 197 A C rr
- 7- r t p 39 d lt ( 59 f l 137 l ; 15 n . l . (1 Ant r r b rd r f l p th AC U 19 C OM fr W t r l t r l l b l n pr j t n xt nd n ll f r rd f n ; n r r ; r h ; t h p ; - d n l b ( 3 ( r l n l f pr n t l ll r n ll C rt d W t E nt nd b v Str tf rd n t pr d d nt t th-l r n l (3 M t th l t Mt r n [E nt]; t n; Mt Arth r; 1 t nt h rt nd br d th t l n p ndl b l t t ; n t K r v r; St Arn d n ; t n ( nd t b th d r l rf r n t -r Inl nd K r n ; Sp n r M nt n ; Arth r t d r l pr f l n l t r l v pp r n v r n v n ; l v r; rp r ; Mt tt; Cr b rn M l . (1 M t th 1 t nt v r h rt nd n ; Mt Al d ; K t n ll d n n n l ; br d h h rt r th n h nd f r ( Ant nn l fl l- p ; Mt C t n l r ; l Str - l r l ttl d f d th 1 t n t x v t d v ntr ll th n ll ; W n ; Q n t n; n nd; Ob l l t 7 rt l n rr (3 r n t l ll r th pr n n d n ; C rr n ; Old M n n ; r; t tr n v r d r l r d ; h r l n l n t pr d d nt ; nd t M nt n t th-l r n l ( Ep p th pl t p d- l pl t ; l t r l r n xt nd n fr p x t b M t r l x n d. p r nl AK O I, K/S M KA C MC MK O CO S r pt n. l ( 7 d l n th -11 ; Onl n h h r l r pl n th rth I l nd In th f r n l n th - S th I l nd fr b lp n t b l n th M rl- C l r v r bl bl th th f ll n ll t b r h S nd On h v l l fr ntl nd t d 6 4 °S: pr n t l l b ; nt nn l p ; d t l 3- 5 t n h l f f r f r nt r t b nd 5th nt f t r ; d t l - f ddl f r pr x l - 9 f v ntr l r- l . nt n nd pr pt r l t p ll f nd nt r d r l rf f t b nd pr x l f pt r ll pt r fl n n r pl nt n r l t v l b r 1 t t r l nt nd t f nt nd 3; d t l - l l On 3 M r h 197 n th Ob l n CO t f h nd f r nd nt nd 3 f t r S th f 1 f l r h n b nd f rth v r Rumex l t t d 4 °S: pr n t l l b ; v ntr l b l r f nt nn l t ll r n n dr l b n h p ttl d p ; t r d r l t r l p t f f r t b S nd - n rth r p bbl h n th n b r d t p r r l v d l r nt r l bl 1 f 17 nd v d l fr b l d nd r d h n h n v r t b Mt x r 1 (OM hr h t nn S ll l ptr t pt r r pt r d n fl ht l nd th ll t p n r t n fr l r Aft r b n t n t p r l th pr t h ld b th l t t d nd r r r l t p ddl l fl n v nt r p nd f n f r- t t r p r ; p p th v r f t l r rd t th n t h h th p nt r d th t l ht- t d l . n t ll r l ft p n d r n pr v n n Str t r d O OO 5 ( Orb t l f v t ( 1 h v th r n r t ll th n t h n b th h nd ll nd p nd Ar n b rr b t d b 31- 5 d p (t th f r t fr nt f ll r l t v l h ll l n v l r t ll nd n l n d t r hl 5° A t p l ll nt n d d l . / 7; S / b t Ant r r b r- 1 -1 ll l ptr t pt r p t n d v nt r p d r f l p th d n l b n v l t r l l b f n th nd f th ll h l d n th n r n th rn xt nd n f r rd ll b nd d n l b ( f th pr Entr n t n t r fr ntl p rtl n- 3 Ant nn l fl ll r 1- n r t f b t l d b ll t n f nt tr n d t r 7 7 5 5 5 5 M nd bl th bl nt l l r t th t b t d ; p l t th b l t bl ntl r . . d l d ff r fr lb p , . rb n tr n t d ll th n n n b t n th ; pp r l r, nd . r n th t t d n t n t n nd t th ll th l r r h r x nd pr p d r n t th t n r d d d r l t r l (h r l r n l r n t tr n v r r d ig. d r t ( r h p rr tt 7( ec e cq nt rr pt d d ll b n n n S t th d- p rr tt l r 1955b p 13 ( h p l ( h p l d n l n (th h rt nd r l t v l p r t d n t- l nd —197 p 7 ( d r t ( r l nd p r p d l l n r p d th d n l h . h rt M n 197 p 393 C ll n 1979 n d l v t r h ll th n n r , lb p , rb n p 39 l nt n W l r 1991 p l r, r d l .
48 r t nt f f r t r th r f br tl f n h r nd t b l v t b t l th n n lb p n p t n f p ph r b t br tl rr nd d b l n f n h r nd t b l v t th d r l rf M t d t t b f nt r t nt r n t -r nd d r l pr f l n l t r l v v r v r h rt nd br d h h rt r th n h nd f r n v n Ep p h rt nd br d th pl t l d f n d W n n 7 p d l pl t b nd d l t r ll b r n xt nd n fr M t d t n nt 3 n r b nd r th p x t b t rf th nl f tt r d p n - nt r t nt h rt br d n t n d l r th t t r l n th n p ndl b h h rt r th n h nd f r G n t l Ov r ll f r nd pr p rt n l r t lb ( 7× t l n th Ep p th nl f p r t- p , b t p r r h rl nd d t v l ll r pr p r- t r d p n t r nd v r f t l r t th t f t n t l h l r r nd bl nt (n t p ll tt n t d d l l t r l r n pr n nt ll r d b v r- th n n dl -l pr ( 7 f xt nd n fr p x t b p d t l t p p rr tt ( ΜΝΖ; n f l M l d l n th 5 5-9 ; f r n l n th - W lt n h (W mm. C l r v r bl bl th th f ll n ll rth M t r l x n d 3 7 d lt ( 13 f l 17 l f l t t d 42°S: pr n t l l b ; nt nn l p ; t r l t r l 5 l rv nd p p b nd n r b nd fl ll r 1- (l t 5 fl ll r AK WO Ο K I WI W / M KA f lv ll ; d r l t r l p t f pr n t ( n W MC SC MK CO O S / SI n l nd v d l f lv ll ; d t l 0.6 f f r f r t b nd t r ; d t l f ddl f r t b l t r d n h v l l n xp d x pt f r v r bl p t d ll nd t r ; b f h nd t t n t b t r l nt 3 nd nd p l nd b l p rt f nt n r n O t b r- v b r b l nt S th f l t t d 44°S: pr n t l l b ; nt r r thr h t W ll n t n C t ( n l M r ll K r r p t n t l ; nt nn b v b t p bl d r ll ; G b rn - f l nt nd r nd Gr t r p x f f r f r d r l nd nt r l t r l p t f t b A l nd . p rr tt f l fl pr n p ll t r h nd t r ; b nd p x f ddl t b nd t r ; b l tt r p nd fl r pt r nd t n t p r l d lt f h nd t r l nt - S th f l t t d 46°S nd t Ad x v l r (Chr l d nd t th t th r f l n t d 68°Ε: v r v r bl r n n fr l r t n n t M t rth I l nd n t I h v x n d nt n d t p l f th t t l t t d °S t nt r l bl n l d n nl th t p pr n t l l b nd t r v ntr l t r l p t f p d l nd In th S th I l nd th r Ad x p ll ll fl ll r 1 -4 (7 f 1 p n fr Mt x r ft-b d d b tl b l n n t th r f l r t n pl t l bl r nd r th r tl v r n On Mt x r t 1 f l n t n d r n nt f ll n r n n xp d l b n b h nd th f r r Mt t t r p r ; p p th p r f n l n x r t r l d v r C n v v ll r nd h r pt r d n Ad x p A l t d (C nth r d Str t r d d r ll l r t f l Ant r r nd C ph n p ( l d d On th Old M n n b rd r f l p th fr nt l l b r t l n r l t r l l b CO t b t 11 Ad x p r t n fr n l r pr j t n n t xt nd n f r f r rd r h rb nd hr b Onl C l pt r r t n d n l b M nd bl th t l l r t th; p l r rr ( 125a). Ad x v l r h ld v nt r t th b l l rl p r t d b n n n th pp r p f n f r rd ppr d n t th p v nt r b ll l htl l r r nd l n r th n th l r Ant nn th ddl t r h h r r pp d r nd th p t r r l ttl d f d th bt r n l n t r l t r l r- p rt f th b tl pr n t C rr f th r b tl f f fl ll r 1 -4; fl ll r nd p ll p b t nt ll th l htl r d l t d th n th r rt l ; l t 7 rt l t ( 1 5b-d All b rv d n t r n l - n rr ll d At M r h W n t r d n v rt l h r x nd pr p d l r t f l r n t l b n h ntr n r nd h l n l rl r n t n rr l n t d n l r d th t d t r h n b rr d rv d thr h d r l t r l h r l r n l r t r th 1 t - r ht n l th n pr d d n r-v rt ll f r 1 -3 nt b r n d bl r f b t 11 br tl t n ft r h h t p n d t nt ll d b 13-15
-49- l n t nt n d -1 b tl nd pl t d (E pl l h pr r t v r h p l nd h d b n n t h d n nn r l r 3- l n f p t d l d b rth A r n th r h l E r p n — h t th ll ntr n h n b rr l d n t r p bl h d t f th j r r n th n — nt n- l r At K r r W b rr r d n l t d t h p l . r th r n M n t l. (197 h r z nt l l p n n r nd h l 3 - 5 d d th Int rn t n l C n n l l - h n b rr 5 d d nd d t 7 ° n l n l t r t ppr E pl l n f v r f h p l , f r 3 -5 ( n 3 b f r xp nd n nt n l r lt n n IC Op n n 11 (M lv ll 197 t r n l ll 13-1 l n nd 5-7 5 d h ll r p d th -1 b tl ll Ad x v l r , as n Ad lt S ll t d - z d l n t p - t M r C ll r bl d th n nn r l r f d l r n d r l tl n r t n l r G n th p t d l 3 - l n Old r n t t r d d l r b rd r Cl p d nd l n (r l t v t l h d n t r l r 5 d fr th d r t — l nd p Ant nn f f l ntr n A f n t h d p r b f r th ll t n th 1 rt l f l th 13 rt l ; l fl ll th t n t th r th n n ll r t d pl ( l nd p r d f d b l p lp lth h n n r n t r l ft p n d r n th 3 nt x ll r p lp th 5 M nd bl p ll pr v n n th t th M pl r n th p t p r l r r n nd f h t r h l d n th v ntr l t th r x l b nt n l nd p ; l r r nd bd n f th l t pr t pr v n d l t r l f ll r nd d S t th d d n l n l n r th dl n nd h t h ft r 3 d h l rv b n l b t ll p r t d M ddl t b th 1 p l p r; f d n fr th pl r l r n f th b tl xh t n h nd t b d r t l ll n n l nd p t t r -3 l t r h p n v lt n b r n h rt tr ht p n M t ll p d n - l t l nd r; 1 t nt ft n n d l p d l r It pr b bl th t th pr n t r f p rr tt pl t v r bl n v nd h n n t fl t nd d ll th pr d n pt r f d n fr n t r f n t v fl r d n l n t d n l r n f v r bl xpr n n th 3 S nd v d l h v n ll t n n dd t n l nd p t fl th ft-b d d b tl Ad x v l r ( r t pr n t r h h th n n ld ft n h v b n n l - n t r l rv Cl v t ; bd n r tl xp nd d r b nd nt th n pt r Ev nt ll b tl nl p t r rl th n v ntr l nd pr p l; p r l th t b t n pr b t t t n l r t th t f th ll p n n tr l r d d th n th r r n l p p l t n f . lb p nd . r t l Str Mt t r n r p r t l b nd p r l t M nd bl th C h h pr x l v l n Eph r pt r nd 3 t th ( n l d n p l n n l t th pl n nd r h pt r nd r j t n l ppr pr t p f f l r z Sp nn r t j n d b h r z nt l - pt r th t n t t t th r nl pr n t th r l l - br n h l n r th n l b l p lp t ( p nd rr 199 l h thr l nd h p l p n t b v r nd ll n b nd n d l rv l ll r nd p p l h b r f d-b r n n t h C r - Ge us h p l St ph n l n d nd C r b d (C l pt r b t t E pl l 1 p 7 p p Cr br r f v n S r d ( n pt r n t nd n tr tr n nd d d tr nz r 1799 (= Sph x l v p nn 175 t r t r n r ll pt r ( . p rf r t r, . d n t d b t (1935 p z l nd nd d lt p d pt r ( . l nd , l- h p l St ph n 1 9 p 3 p p Cr br th h n l t ( p 55 r t t n r f v ntr nz r 1799 (= Sph x l v p nn M n l nd h p l f b th x r v r d 175 d n t d b C rt (1 37 t xt p n - th ph r t t r d n ld t nn l f x l ph n pl 5 S l St ph n (1 9b p 3 nd n t C rt (1 9 p 1 3 h l p l t r r llé 1 3 p p r h p l h p l t n d tr b t n p Cr br r f v ntr nz r, (= Sph x l v M t p n t n t h ll r d r b nd n d p nn 175 d n t d b W t d (1 39 b tl h l n tr tr n In l nd h p l p h l l p r rr t n f h d t n h bl fr d r t b th l p ( d l p l t r r llé l n n ddl ; p l b nd r th pr n nt l n
—5 — l t d d n l b b th h r l n l f th pr - n th r fl ll r ( Ep p th d n n t l ll r b n thl r nd d nd n v r p n d r l n t d n l r n b l t p t r rl n t r h n p x t th d nd b th f l h v n h rt tr ht p n n ( 51 (3 r p d th t l n l t r l r n ( th h nd t b nd l n t d n l d n r n n th rt x th h ll pr rb t l f n rr b tt n p p p nd thr h t t l n th (5 M t n t l- d ll Male. (1 l ll r 1 v r t l n p d l Su ge us Ap rh p l ec e cq nd n th r fl ll r ( Cl p r tl d - Ap rh p l l r 1955 p 3 p p h p f d th d n l n t d n l r n th d n l b l perforator S th 1 7 b r n l d n - v r l r pr t b r nt l t d r d r dl t rd t n p ll th p l b rd r th ll n n n th r d p r t n n rr bt pt rn d pr j t n n (p rt l M l n t l th p r r h rt l htl h rt r th n th ntr l p rt ( 37b (3 r - nd r l t v l v n t th n nd fl tt n d n th r p d th t l n l t r l r n ( M t n t l nd Rhopalum p ; p r r l ttl l n r ld ll (5 M t n d r l v pp r n th n d A d v r l r pl x th h l r t th t f f l th d f 1 t nd nd nt v lv pr d d d r ll nt l r l n r xp n n n t pp r n bp r ll l ( f th r l nd p rv n v r l t r ll nd p rtl rr nd n d t l h lf f n h h th h r t r r tl tt n t d n l nl v lv Description. Female. d l n th 7 -1 ; f r - r h l n t l f R. perforator r d f- n l n th -11 f r nt n th pp r n nd tr t r f th r n t t nt C l r v r bl f ll North of latitude 37°S: h d l b th t f n r t r l n n t l alone perforator bl th nd bl ll p ll r d; nt nn l p ld pp r t b nl d t ntl r l t d t th th r th v nt r ll d r bl ; p d l nd fl ll l nd Cr br n n h p h ld rt nl b p - f lv br n t nf t d d r ll h r x nd r t d fr th r Zealand Rhopalum thr h t n l - pr p d bl ; pr n t l l b ll r tr h nt r n n p r t b n b ll r d nd bl p ll ll ; f r f r th h rt M n (197 p 3 pr v d d t th f v pr x l bl n t d nd r d n n d p ll b n r f Rhopalum n h h Zelorhopalum p - ll ; f r t b th pr x l h lf r d bl p t n r t d n th b f th p d l r f th f l b n t r d nd d t l h lf ll ; f r t r ll M d- d ll nd p n t t ( h n n Aporhopalum). v r th dl tr h nt r b ll bl nd r d p ll ll ; d t n t n d n t r b th p d l r ddl f r bl ; ddl t b th pr x l 3 ll r l t v l h n n ll Zealand Rhopalum p th t r nd r bl h-br n; ddl t r l nt 1 - f R. zelandum b n th h n t f lv br n nt 5 f lv l ll nd l S b n Aporhopalum n t p nd r tr t d bl b t h nd t b l b ll M t br ht f lv t l nd r n -r d Latitudes 38-44°S: b v b t nt nn l p d l nd fl ll ft n tl bl t bl th r dd h bl n t r nd 3 nd v nt r tl h p l (Ap rh p l p rf r t r Smi f lv South of latitude 45°S: h d th r x nd pr p d- perforator S th 1 7 p 3 (Rhopalum); l nd bl ; nd bl th pr x l ll p ll tt n 1 1 p 1 5 (Crabro); —19 p 9 (Rhop- bl ; nt nn l p ll v ntr ll ; pr n t l t b r l alum). ll rr 1 97 p 1 (Crabro). l r ll ; d t l f f r f r ll t f lv ; nn r 195 p 1 (Rhopalum); —1955b p 1 f 4 rf f f r t b ll ; f r nd ddl t r 5 f l- (Rhopalum (Aporhopalum)). M ll r 1971 ( nd 19 v ll M t tl bl ; v nt r f nt p 7 (Rhopalum). B h rt M n 197 p 39 1-3 f lv br n (Rhopalum (Aporhopalum)). C ll n 1979 p 3 l- W th n th b v l t t d b nd nd v d l fr nt n W l r 1991 p v 19 p 1 r r r l t r r l htl l r d h l (Podagritus). th fr l r n r d r r nd l n rr l t p t v l th n r n l t t d nd lt t d t th- Diagnosis. Female. (1 l ll r 1 v r h l n r t nd n th ll r n ll r n th th n n nt nn l rt l x pt p l t t l n t ll nd t n t f p n fr d C nt r-
-51 - b r f l fr r ll n n n l v r th r p n x n d th t n t nt r l h d th t n t h ll ll On h d th t ll bl th t l r ll p t th th r th t ll l- t t r l r t f l b t h r n pr p d l h-bl r nt r A nt p fr C nt rb r l n r nd r d n ; p p b r n n f n (BMNH) h d th t ll bl b t th t n t h r ll In ll th r p n x n d th t ll nd Str t r d th v rt x fr n nd n tl t n t r nt r l bl l r t f l Cl p r l t v l n r tl d f d t t r Upp r p rt f h d th l ttl h r r p b - th d n l n t d n l r n ; d n l b l r n ; n th f n d b nt h r ; l p th pr t b r nt l t d th ll p l n n n th r d n d b nt lv r h r M th v t t r d p r t n ff r d pt rn d bt p n th tl p r ; l n r h r n pr p d l d nd pr j t n f r rd l t f r ntr l p rt ( 37b d l v t M t r l t v l p r l l th d; t r 1 M nd bl r b t th t l l r t th b t th th l n r h r n pr x l 7; nt -5 th l r pr j t n b l r ; p l t th t f l r p f - h r v ntr l t r ll ; p p l t l n th b t pp r t th l htl l r r Ant nn th fl - th t h r ; h p p r l t v l p r l h r ll r 1 v r l n v r t l n p d l nd Str t r d n t l l l nd r l t v l d pl n th r fl ll r th t h r t r t l d - p n t t Orb t l f v n rr b tt n p nd f t n thr h t l n th O OO b t 1 5 17 ( M l r t f l b t nt r r d r l t r l r nt l n v t r l t v l h ll ; l r fr n n rr ; n l f pr n t pr d d nt bd pr d t b r l S / 1 / Cl p th d n l b tl l r t f l l r pr tr d n l t d th v r ll nd nt t n n W n n th r d ( 37 M nd bl r b t t n x l ttl M t th 1 t nt l n l t p r ll l- d d rv d ( f rv d n l nd nd z l nd , th t ( p x n t r tl xp nd d d t t p x f nt l l r t th; pp r nd l r p l t th t Ep p th t p d l h ld th t l t r l ll d v l p d l ll r 1 v r h l n r th n r n t rf r -p n t t n nt nn l rt l x pt p l t t l n G n t l v r d t n t v nl th f th r fl ll r -1 l nd h p l r d r t p r r h r- M r n t thl r nd d th t l v r h rt nd r l t v l v n t th n fl tt n d d r l d n f rr S t th d d n l n l bl d n th th r l nd Cr br n n t b t ll p r t d n t l nd p r p d l l n pr nt v l ll r v r ll n t v bl n d r l v A d r p d th th r d f d b t d b d n l v r l r pl x h v lv pr d d d r ll nt l t n n ddl t d l v t n l n r ht- v r l r l n r pl t -l xp n n rv n l t r ll n l d tr n l ; l n t d n l d n l h ll n r nd d t l h lf f v lv ( 77 d n rr nd d p n d l v t ; l t r l r n b nt r nd ddl f r r tl xp nd d h Final-instar larva (d r pt n b d n p n fr d r th n h nd f r; h nd t b d r t l l v f r M r h n d n 1 v b r 1975 l ttl xp nd d th p n h rt tr ht b t h l r r n th 9 x dth 5 Ov r ll h p th n n l nd , p ll th r f h rt p n l v t ; pr th r x l nd r h t tt n t d; bd - W n l r t l n br d r tl xp nd d p t r rl d t t - M t th; nt 1 p t l t p ll n d - nt 7; pl r l l b ll b t d t n t Sp r l ll b t l r G t r d t t ddl f nt Ep p l r r d l v bl hr Ult t nt tr n t th b nd d l t r ll b ll d v l p d r n b t d b b n l l b ll d f n d v r ll; pr - n l l b l r d n r n h h b b l t b f r p x; r- nd r tl pr tr d n ; n v ntr l nd pr p l ( f v r h hl p l h d n t d ( 51 1 Int nt th n r n t p l b t 7 μ l n ( 3 M l d l n th -13 9 ; f r n -1 r t th r p r l ( th b th r nd pr - C l r v r bl l r t f l b t nt nn l fl l- r tr h l p n n r l r; r μ n d t r l t h ll f lv t r h t d r r nd Int rn l ll f tr l n d th n t n r d p x f nd bl bl v n n l b r n ll p n th n r r l r r th n p n n h t n t f n x pt n l nd v d l fr r r d l r t ll r C ll r ( nt rn l p n n nt b- ll n n n l b r t l r ll r In tr th t p n S b tr thr n nt rr l r
-5 - p t nd f ld f th b r n ll p n h h l t p t p l f th C nt rb r f r f . p r nt rn ll f r t r, h th t ll bl nd th nt r t n t d ( 9 l n r th n d ( x dth 1 ll It pr b bl ll t d n MC b C M W - x h ht 1 1 p r l t th f ld nd x n d b S th n 1 7 S nt p 1 th r p f h rt t n v rt x n n l t r l t nt nn l t p l f r th t ll nd t n t bl ; rb t n fr n b t n nt nn l rb t nd tr n v r nt p l h th t ll nd t n t bl b t r f 1 t n l p n t h d t ( n n 3 th t n μ l n r t l b nd v t l r b nt Ant nn l rb t ( 9 v d tr l μ n Material examined. p r pl 7 n n-t p x d t r th t p p ll ; b l ttl r d d lt (31 f l 1 9 l 11 l rv nd p p nt l d pp rt n 3 n l n ll rr n d n r ll d d ll t n r r th t d d ff r nt ft nt nn l rb t th l r n ll n ddl f r l htl ll r n ll Biology. nt n . p rf r t r h nt n n h n - b v t nd v r ll n ll b l n nn r r n t pt r n pr t bl f fl r n v t t n f r f rb t ht nt nn l rb t th l r n ll t ( Gr l n l tt r l . b tt nd f r l t r f rb t nd v r h r l r t n t p r n nt p r l lth h ll r b l n ll l t th r b v t pr t f bl v nt n th pr v - br 3 μ d ; p l r n fr n d th v r n d ll l n l r p n p ll l t r ll ; d th n r- r rr r l p d nd rn th th p h d l n t rr n d n 97 f r rd t rn pp r t th p ddl l Ep ph r nx th b nd nt p l nd p p ll l t r- r pp n th pr t th t r r pp d r nd t h ll nd l n l r p n d ll nd p ll l p ll fl d r tl nt th n t th t p n t n r r n th r d n t n f 5 ll n ll th ntr n nd 5 l r r n b d f th ( 1 M nd bl 51 μ l n th 3 t th ( n l d n th p l t ( 1 C pl t d n t h v 7-11 ll n h h r n l t th pl n nd r f l r ( n ll r th n 11 nd r d n th ll r z ( 1 ; n l t r l v nl th p n lt t t th f d-b r n n t S r x n t l ( n pt r pr n nt ( 1 b nd p x th r f r h t b f d; S r d n n r d t , nd n b rr f A b d n 1 nd b l r t pr nt t tr t (C l pt r C r b d n d d tr n f M x ll th l n l r b r n d n l n l r C pr r rp . hr n t n d d C. r p n n nn r l b nd r r d n l t r ll nt h rt rp tr n n M r h n d n n v b r h d p l ; x ll r p lp n l 5 μ l n ; l ll 11 5 nd 7 ll ; th r 1 - 5 l n nd 1 - nd l nd r μ l n Ap x f l b th d n 11 5 d C ll nn r l r r d f p t d l n l t p l ; l b l p lp n l 5 μ fr nd v r d 5 th t h d n t r l n ; p nn r t 1 μ l n r tl x d n p lp l r b t r l ft p n d r n pr v n n h ( 1 ntr n r v l h l d p b d t d h h r l r nd f fr r v d b th C n 11 l n b 3 n x d t r p 1 l n b d h f r t ll 5 p r ll l- d d r nd d t n nd nd l ttl n - h p d b l th rf nd th d p t 75 b l t th th r h r th r ll h rp-p nt d b - th rf C ll nt n d 3-3 pr t ll pt r h p d pr j t n C n th n- ll d p l br n th f th f l S rph d Str t d r ph l d fr nd d pt r h t n dh r n t xt r r ( 113 nd h n d r t r p t n d n p l v nt r p th th h d f n fr th n t ntr n h Type data. l t p ( ΜΝΗ; n f l b r n 5 l d n th l t pr t ft r h h th ll l b l — "TYPE" ( r l r r d- r n d " h p l l d th p t d fr In f n th r n f l p rf r t r S p " "1 3 " [f l b l] `B.M. t - h r t f ll h ll; ll nl n ll TYPE HYM 1 9 " S nt p l l b ll d (1 pr v n d n d [ l ] "Ν l nd / 7 " " l r d t 1955 f h t r h rv d r - h t 1 9 h p l p rf r t r S th [ l ]" nd ( " l nd l n b 9 d p t n d r nd th n f th / 9 13" ( r l r r " l r d t 1955 h p l fl ( 1 b h h t h ft r 3 d nd th f n l- p rf r t r S th [ l ] " n t r l rv p n t n 1 d l t r
—53— Su ge us l rh p l ec e cq r d h r x nd pr p d bl b t pr n t l l b t l h p p r l r nd t n t ll r l l rh p l l r 1955b p 3 p p h p l l nd l r 1955b b r n l d n - ll b t pr x l h lf f f r nd t f tr h nt r t n nd x br ht f lv r d; ddl l ll b t pr x - l h lf f f r nd p rt f tr h nt r nd x br ht Diagnosis (p rt l M l n t l n v r ll pp r n f lv r d; h nd l th t r l nt 3-5 b f l r t th f l nd d r t p r r t b nd p f f r nd tr h nt r ll r nd r b t t l n th f d d r v ntr ll fl tt n d br ht f lv r d M t br ht f lv r d b t pr x - th n nd fl t A d ll pl th t pl t -l l h lf f nt 1 nd t r nd 7 br ht f lv r d xp n n t t d 44°S: b v b t p d l nd fl ll r dd h nf t ; t l f lv th h p p r l r Remarks. h b n pr t p nd bl ; l th f lv r d r pl d b bl ; t nd t l nd M l n t l f l nd nd th d r v r d r h n br n nd t rn 1- t z l nd r v r l r t th f th l nd l t p rtl f lv S th f l t t d 46°S: d r r th n d r t p f r n nt n v th f . b v b t l r p tt rn nt ll th ; nd bl d l , h h h t r bl th f . l nd ll th p x r d; nt nn l p ll x pt f r n nd l rl l d r ll v bl d t v l ll r p d r l bl p t; pr n t l t b r l ll ; t - n t ll x pt f r ntr l bl r ; nt r f r - t b nd t r ddl t b nd t r p f f r nd h p l ( l rh p l l nd ec e cq Fig. 8 ddl f r b f h nd t b h nd t r l nt 3 l nd l r 1955b p 1 ( h p l ( l rh p nd nd p x f nt 5 ll l l nd h rt M n 197 p 3 9 r r l r t n p t v l t d th n r - C ll n 1979 p 37 l nt n W l r 1991 p n l t t d lt t d nd ldn Ind v d l fr n- ll r r l t r r l htl l r d th n Diagnosis. Female. (1 l ll r 1 h rt nl l ttl l f r n v n l t t d nd lt t d l n r th n th r fl ll r ( 11). ( Ep p t t r l r t . p rf r t r, b t p p th th d n l n t d n l r n nt r ll d f n d t p n f n h r nd h h fr b t p x ( 5 (3 t r l pr p d l Str t r d n t l h ll l p n t t O r n th n h h r d fr n r p r l t p x bl d - OO r hl 9 1 ( Orb t l f v ll d l nd l t tr n p r nt n t p t r r ( rt x b tt n p nd r n r l t v l h ll l x - th h ll d pr rb t l f b tt n p nd v t d; l r fr n n rr ; S / 1 ; / thr h t t l n th (5 M t n t ll Cl p r l t v l d t p l b rd r l t th t Male. (1 l ll r 1 l ttl l n r th n n th r l t r l l b ; d n l b l n pr tr d n l t d ( Cl p th d n l b pr t b r nt t p l r- rv d f r rd ( 3 M nd bl r b t th l n n r t l n r nd pl th t ll l t r l n n x rv d; l l r t th b nt; p l t th ppr x- nd th t t d n rr l t r l p n -l pr j - t l l n d v l p nt Ant nn l fl ll th t n ( 3 b (3 t r l pr p d l r n pr nt n v fl ll r b n h rt r x pt th p t r r h lf th n h h l t tr n p r nt bl d ( l t; 1 t fl ll r nl l ttl l n r th n nd ( rt x th v r ll n rr pr - rb t l f b t- 11). t n p nd thr h t t l n th (5 M t n t h r x nd pr p d r n t n d r l v v nl ll ll ( t th d n bl p t f r nd d th ntr l f rr S t th d d n v r bl xpr n ( M t v r l n nd p ndl l n n t l nd p r p d l l n r p d th th r n d r l v th d f 1 t nd nd nt pp r n d f d b t d b n b l t d n l l t- bp r ll l (7 Ep p ll th n nd t n t n n ddl t d l v t nd n l n r ht- n l d d n l n t d n l r n r h n p x tr n l ( t b nt l t l r th n n . p rf r t r d n l n t d n l l h ll b - Description. Female (Fig. 8). Body l n th -1 ; ll d p nd n rr n d l v t ; l t r l r n nt r f r n l n th - fr n r pr p d l p r l t p x t d t l h h C l r v r bl f ll rth f l t t d °S: h d v r th n l t tr n p r nt bl d bl ; nd bl ll p ll r d; nt nn l p l- nd t b v r l v f r th p n n t l ; p d l f lv b ll nf t d; fl ll f lv W n n 9
-54- M t r t nt l n f l r l n th t h nd Material examined. l t p pl 537 n n-t p d lt f r d r t l n d l r G t r d t t p x f - ( 9 f l 1 l 5 l rv nd p p nt Ep p th rf r h n t h n n n- r ll d d ll t n r d t n tl r n l r p n t t ; l t r l r n l ttl r d; d n l n t d n l r n d t n t t pl r d Biology. . l nd n t n tr tr n n b rr f r d fr b t p x ( 5 x l ph C l pt r h O n h rt (C r - b d ph l x r n t , nd . b rb fr n (C r- Male. d l n th 7 9-11 1 ; f r n l n th 5 3-7 l n d ( 1 7 At l r t (MC nd r tt r mm. G r ( t n t d n ph l x b rb fr n r n C l r v r bl S l r t f l b t p x f nd bl b rr n h x rt t . In br r f l fl t bl nd t n t th ntr l bl p t n p - r n ll f r t l r n nd th th l xt nd n n fr l r r thr h t b t p ll n S th d r tl d n rd fl b t 3 b v th r nd I l nd nd St rt I l nd p n h r th n r - l l r nd t ll r t nd l v x n n th n l t t d nd lt t d p ll th p t n d n nt l l l nd n ll p n n th r p d d rt S ll ll r nl n th l t r l xtr t f th t - d lt p d pt r r p n d n nd t n t p r l n t ; ll r th r n f l b t r t b nd n d n l f x ll r n h t t r p r l r t f l d l r t n f z nd h p r bl n ll n t Str t r d M tl l r t f l b t rb t l n th r r n t r l p n d n On n t f v v r ll nd n rr b tt n p nd t r tt r G r nt n d t th p Gl ph Cl p th nt r r r n l n l t r l l b ; d n pt r x n pt r nd Ep h r t r n . At l r t . l b pr t b r nt b nt f r rd ; p l r n r t l n r l nd t t r l t v l l r th th th t n n r p n nl l htl h rt r th n n h h t n h rdl fl . l nd l pt r ll f l M nd bl r b t th t l l r l b ; t th pt r b t th b ` t r t n t b l; nt r r l b l htl l n r nt nn l - p r l d fl n t th n t h r t p t n d v nt r nt r tl nl r d r x v t d; 1 t fl ll r nl p f n fr th ntr n n tr n p l htl l n r th n nd th n rr l n t d n l r n (I hn n d C p pl n Müll r n f n t r l t r l rf . l nd . h r x l r t f l r p d ll th t d n l l n d th t r pl d b n Remarks. I xp t th t pt r t r t n pr tr l r f h ll pr n n ll v r ll n t x n d nt n d nl p d pt r l n d t rd n t t n l tr n l ; r d l t r l pr p d l r n nd d n l n t d n l r n l r t f l h p l ( l rh p l z l nd ec e cq M t v r l n nd p ndl l t th t r t z l nd l r 1955b p 1 ( h p l ( l rh p h r ; 1 t nt l ttl l n r th n h nd f r n t v r l l nd h n M n 197 p 39 n d l r th d bp r ll l n d r l v ; nd nt C ll n 1979 p 37 l nt n W l r 1991 p 39 th d bp r ll l nl l ttl d r th n 1 t nt G t r tt n n t x dth n r ddl f - Diagnosis. Female. (1 Ant nn l fl ll r b l nt 5 Ep p th p d l h ld d l n t d b ( Ep p th d n l n t d n l r n n t tt n- b l t l t r l r n nd th f nt d n l n t d - n p x pr nt b l t b r l ; p d l h ld p - n l r n tt n n p x; rf f n l p n t r d ll v r x v t d th rf th t p n t r r h r G n t l S l r t d r t lb p , b t p r r nd v r h n n ( 53 (3 Orb t l f v v r l n nd br d r nd h rt r l th n t l n th f d n rr b d xt nd n fr p nd t h nd th l t r l fr n f h r n t r ll nn r d ; ll nd b tt n b th r n v rt x th n l n ( d t v l ll r v r ll d r ll nd t n t r t nt f t r h rt nd f t (5 r p d th t l n l t r l r n Type data. l t p ( M ; n f l b r n 5 Male. (1 l fl ll r b l ( d l l b l — " Y E" ( r l r r d- r n d "A l nd pl t n v n ll d r t n b nd d b r d l t r l l / 73" ( r l r r " l r d t 1955 r n th t d n r n t p x (3 Orb t l f v h p l l nd M h [f l ]" "/ Y E" (p n l r t th t f f l b t f nt r nd n p n "B.M. TYPE HYM. 1 1 7 " d ff lt t ( r t nt f t r h rt nd
— — r l t v l br d (5 Cl p d th t l t r l l b r nd ddl f r nl d r t l x- th r l t v l l n nd pr t b r nt d n l b l htl p nd d; h nd t b n t v r xp nd d nd h rdl l v t h rt r th n n f l ( 39b ( r n t v r th v r h rt p n r nd d (7 G n t l n 7 r n n 7 M t d t n ddl f nt ; 1 t nt Description. Female. Β d l n th 5 -1 ; f r - r l t v l h rt nd r b t th p x n t v r n d l r n l n th - Ep p n t d v r h n n th t p n t r r h r ; C l r v r bl rth f l t t d 8°S: h d bl ; l t r l r n t pl r d th r b t n th d pl p lp ll ; nt nn l p ll p d l nd fl ll x v t d; d n l n t d n l r n pr n nt f lv r d; nd bl n f r l r dd h br n h r x t b r l b l t n b l t bt r d h h d n t nd pr p d bl ; pr n t l l b ll r l nd r h p x d l h ld rr nd d b v r l n r r- ddl l ll b t ddl l th t r f lv ; h nd v d h r r n t n b n th l t r l r n ( 5 l th x tr h nt r p x f t r l nt 1 t r l nt - p rt f 5 nd l ll r nd r Male. d l n th 5 5-7 ; f r n l n th - f lv r d M t br ht f lv t f lv r d mm. t t d 8 4 °S: b v b t f r f r nd ddl C l r v r bl l r t f l tr h nt r f r nd t r f lv r d r r dd h bl t t r l r t f l b t p p th h rt nf t M t d r h n r d S th f l t t d f n h r 44°S: nt nn l p th b d r ll nd nt r p x Str t r d rt x l r t f l ; rb t l f v br n-bl ; f r x tr h nt r nd f r th l r th t n b t n v rt x fr p nd t h nd r br n h bl ; t r l nt nd 3 br n ll v r n rr nd f nt Cl p l r t p l nt 1 nd 5 f lv ll ; ddl tr h nt r b rd r th t l t r l l b b t th l r pr t b r nt f r p x f t b nd t r r dd h br n; h nd l d n l b v r l r t f l M nd bl l r t r dd h br n Ind v d l fr l r r r d r r f l Ant nn th t nl r d r x v t d rt l ; nd l n p t v l rr l t d th n r n l t - b l rt l f fl ll b l t d nd lt t d t th t th nd bl nd p n t h r x nd pr p d l r t f l r p d l l ll th d n l n t d n l l b l t r nt r l b nt fr d v r h ll n d l v t h r f v h l- t t r Upp r h d th h d b nt br nz l nd v r d p b n b t l n l n r t h r ; l p th l r t f l r f r xp nd d ddl d b nt lv r p b n t t r p r n t - nd h nd f r h l ; h nd t b l ttl xp nd d b nt fr p p n t l v t Str t r d n t l nd h ll l p n t t O / M t l r t f l b t l ttl th nn r d t OO b t 9 S pr - rb t l f h ll v r l n j t b f r p x f th nt; 1 t nt r b t n n rr r rv d th nt r r nd b tt n p nd d r l v th d bp r ll l Ep p th ddl r n r n v rt x n rr l n nd p d l pl t ; l t r l r n r d th n l d d r l p t r r nd b tt n l t r l ll r n d r t l r x v t d n v n ll d r t n t rf - x v t d; l r fr n r l t v l d ; S / ; h t h n n th p n t r nd h rt f n h r / 9 Cl p r l t v l l r ; p l r n G n t l l r t th f d r t d l ( th t pr j t n l t r l l b ; d n l b l r pr - r b l x pt b l p rt l b nt n d r v nt- tr d n rv d f r rd l r t l nd b t n r- r l pl n r r fr n d th h r n b th nn r nd r r ( 39 M nd bl r b t th l n x rv d; t r d b t t l n th f d t v l l- l l r t th b nt; p l t th b l Ant nn l r v r ll n t v bl n d r l v ( 7 th fl ll r b l h r x nd pr p d r n t v r r nd d th- Type data. l t p z l nd (US M; n t n f - t d r l t r l p n th ll d-d r l l n t - l "K r " (W . d n l pr n S t th d d n l n d pl pr d; n t l nd p r p d l l n f nt r p d Material examined. 1 d lt ( 57 f l 1 l th d r nd d d n l n t d n l l b l t 5 l rv nd 3 p p b ll r l t v l v r h ll nd d n d l v t nd AK C WO K O I, , WI, W ΜΒ, , th t l t r l r n C MC SC MK, WD, FD, CO, DN, SL / SI.
-56- Biology. R. z l nd fr ntl n t n h ll d d n r n ( t t r d `b rr l- h p d n l- t f l v n b h n n t v f r t r n S h n t l M nd bl n t b t t l n th r r ft n d n v t d ll r f l rv l b rr f x dth th p x t ; nn r r n th fr v r n t v C r b d ( 1 At l r t 1 t 3 t th M x ll r p lp l r r th n l r nl (MC n b r 1973 thr - ll d n t n h ll l htl h rt r; p nn r t p r d h p n n t nd f d d t f th r l v n C r r rb r h d ll 9 pr b t l n l b l p lp nd 1 l n 1 d th p rt t n d d f p t d p th fr nd d r p n Remarks. h bf l r n t p rt f th r pr d ll pt r nd l nd p f r rld nd t n t t nt p r ll r nd-n t n ll ( pt r ; ll b, r pp ( pt r ; nd ll v tr b r ll r n d; th n l l nd v r ll pt r p b l n t th tr b G r t n
Remarks. h p l z l nd l nd f l h v b n nf d th d r t lb p l nd th Ge us Ar r t As mea d r t d l . In . lb p th pr n t b r Ar r t A h d 1 99 p p G r t p n d d r l t r l pr j t n n th h r l n l ; th p.324. rb n r S th 1 5 b r n l d n t n pr j t n b nt n . z l nd . . d l l h v Ar h rp t t 1937 p 1 r p d n n f r th f r t fl ll r nd th p d l b ll p d t Arp t r n 1 1 h h h n n n l t r l b l ; th h r t r t t b nt n . z l nd . h . t nd n (IC Op n n 135 n 1939 d l f l h fl ll r 1 t l n fl l- l r - h r n . z l nd l nd f l Diagnosis. Ant nn r l t v l th nd l n ; b l fl - fl ll r 1- r ll f l l n th ll r b l n l n th; l nt nn pl . z l nd h l b n nf d th . l nd , th t h rpl pr d d n l n r n br d; fr h h t n rn d t l b d t n h d b th pp r nt r l r d t n r l t v l v r l n Cl p b n f l n h h l t r l pr p d l r n l r th ddl r n tr n v r l bb pr tr d n r n t l ll r l v t d l t ll th p t r - d n p b nt d pr n O l nt r tr n l d v l p d Ep t rn l l r b l t nd n v ntr d Su ami y YSSO I AE n l ; r b l l nd n n p t rn l l t Adult. M tl d - z d t l r p d r r ht n l ; t b l r r n pr nt; t rn l b nt th n h h E tr n l nv x th nn r rb t p r ll l r p d th p r l r r v b nt r l r nv r n v ntr ll Cl p l r t nt r r r n d f n d pr p d l n l r th d p r b l t th t t th p nt r r n t n M nd bl th t l M t l ; t rn b d th d n n t h r xt rn v ntr l t th; nd b l r t p n ll n M l th 7 v bl t r nd th t rn Ant nn f l f r r n t th t tr n v r r n l nd r p ll n f r pt rn d S t th n t l n pl t ft n th n bl r n nt r l t r ll th n t l l ll ( tr n l Final-instar larva. d f f r th n ntr l; d l t d d l t n v r n n b r p d pr - n l l b l r r th n b n l l b Sp r l th th t t rn t M ddl t b ll th p l p r v r l r ll r p n d r l t v l l n nd d p r n th r 3 b r n l ll th nd ll th fr n p ll pr j t n f r rd r n b r n r v n t l t 1 r rr nt v n nd th 3 d d l p r f l r r nd d p nt d v rt l r d h ll M t ll l t 1 t nt l b r n b t pr n nt n - h p d n ll M t f th b th t r nd t rn M l n t l ll th h d p l th t t b t th n r ll v l ll d ff r nt t d nt p nd d t n ll C r n l t r l r ; p r t l b nd b nt Ant nn l rb t th h rt t t p p ll Sp nn r t Final-instar larva. Int nt th ( th t ll d r t n t pr j t n f r l b l p lp p n l Sp r l th p n n nt b tr r d th r l f p n ; p r tr ll ll d v l p d Remarks. Ar r t n t f n n p d - d th p r t l b nd b nt r v r h rt Ant nn l tr b t d n ll f n l r n x pt th Eth p n n f p p ll pr nt br r tr t bl b l l p t th n l nd n th t rn f O n h p p l r n th t l t b p l p nt d r v r n f r n tr t r All pr n n ph l p ttl -
—57— b h h th pl fr th rr nd n f h t th th l n t nd v r h th l r t Ant nn n l l nd p (t p p f th n r l t v l l n nd th b t l n ; l n xp r n d t n t n r l t v l t fl ll r b l n th n nd l n th l h r l n v r n nd h nd bt dl h r x nd pr p d S t th d r b - r l t d t t l n r n th f r t r th l t d r v l n nt r l t r l r n p t r d ll tr t r n l t r p p t v l rr l t d th th n v t p b nt d pr n; d d n l n v r nd-n t n ll p r t d; p r p d l l n n p r p d th d l n l r tl n d b r b l t l ; d l - v t r l t -r r t r th r f l n t Ar r t rb n r 9(Smi Fig. p t r l t r ll n nt 1-4. rb n r S th 1856, p 3 (G r t l nd M ddl nd h nd l th p l p r tt n 1881, p. 104. ndl r h 1 p. 539; — W n n 71 1 95 p. 870. ll rr 1897, p. 539. A h d M t l d t t ddl f nd nt 1899, p 3 tt n 1904, p.98. ll rd 19 p. 299 r t t r th pr x l 7 t pl n l n d d t l 0.3 (Arp t . h rt M n 1976, p.492, f 159 h r z nt l th pr p l tr n v r r v S nd (Ar r t . C ll n 1979, p. 33. l nt n W l- t r b ll th rv d r b l t tr n v r r 1991, p. 40. r v ; rf th r tr n l n t d th d l tr h C r n 1888, p. 180 (G r t . tt n p d d p p n t r h rd t r th h ll b l 1904, p. 98. h rt M n 1976, p. 492 (Ar tr n v r r v Ep p th p d l pl t l l t r t n n f rb n r . b t th tt r d r t f r p n t r nt r f t n t d th ll h ll p n t r nd l r Diagnosis. Female. (1 E d l p r t d b v ll p d d p p n t r St rn 1 th h rpl ( ( r n n f r l v r d (3 S t ll r d d n l n t d n l r n t d r n t - th d r b l t r v l n nt r l t r l b r- r St rn 2 pr d d nt r d ll d -l d r b t n t l nd p r p d l l n ( S t ll th t b r l th h p n ll ll d v l p d n v t p b nt d pr n p t r d ll (5 r - p d l ; t rn 2 pr d d nt r d ll nt M l d l n th 7 - ; f r n l n th -7 d -l t b r l ( d th r x nd pr p d mm . v r d th l n r t bl h r C l r nd v t t r f r f l Male. (1 E d l p r t d b v ( r n n - Str t r v r l r t f l d n fr nt l v f r l v r d (3 r p d l ; t rn pr - r r nd d; / 7 r n n rr r p ll d d nt r d ll nt bd pr d t b r l ( b l l v l f nt nn l l r t n t n rr n v nt- d th r x nd pr p d v r d th l n r t r d; S / M nd bl p ll th nl t th bl h r th l r t th h l r r Ant nn pl r l t v l th nd l n ; fl ll r b l Description. Female ( 9 d l n th 7 5 -1 3 ; M l r t f l S t ll th t p t- f r n l n th -9 mm. r d n p b nt d pr n C l r d nd pp nd bl n t d W n l r r t r th t r f l n br tl h l n t b t nt d l h r th f nd th M t v r l r t f l b t p n t r n v r d n n rt n l ht pp r n t l-bl n t r l r r nd t r 5-7 th l n n l n d t t v l v n nd v d l St rn 1 th h rpl r d d n l n t d n l r- t t r d ( n l d n p nd p d l - n ; t rn pr d d nt r d ll l r b- ( n l d n x nd v ntr l f r nd 1 t t r d pr d t b r l f t th l n r t f bl h r Ap x f t th r l t v l f br tl Final-instar larva (O tr r d r v r M r h Str t r d ( 28). O OO b t 5 (1 5 1975 n fr nt l v br d ( / 77 r n n f r l v r Sp n 1 l n th 15 x dth ( bd n l br d t d bp r ll l; S / 5 Cl p l r nt 3- th n p l fl n -l r n t n Ap l b rd r Sp n ( l n th 11 5 x dth v lt d b t th r pl nd r t l n r M nd bl ( bd n l nt 5- 3 3 th t l l r t th p ll th 3 t th; p t r r Sp n 3 l n th 13 x dth ( bd n l
-58- nt h f ll n r nt ppl t Ap l b rd r th n r ll l r p l p n 3 Ep ph r nx ( 1 1 d n l p p ll nd p n d f f r th pr th r x h t pr d d th p n l b n n r n l h rp-p nt d p ll n ntr l pr - n l l b l n r th n b n l l b nd nd l t r ll b r n n th r d v r l r n - p r l r l t v l l r nd n p r t th r h p d n ll nd b l t th h t ll r p r l th l r t Int nt th t ll p l (In n r n In dd t n v r h ll r n - l f th h d ft n r tr t d nt th n h p d n ll r nd v d ll n th p n l t t pp r d ff r nt n ph t r ph f l v n nd v d l t d th n n r r t th h d f pr rv d p n M nd bl ( 1 5 r l t v l l n μ b 1 μ Sp r l th p r tr tr nd ll r r l r d t b th t th ( n l d n p l n ; b r t th r p r l v bl l r r th n th nd nd th l t r ll th r p f 3 ll t nt r r bd n l p r l b nd x ll ( 1 9 n l r f x ll r t th r p r l ( 7 p r tr 53 3 μ n n l r b r n r l rl rr n d l t p l d t r; tr 9 μ n x d t r; ll r 3 7 M x ll r p lp l r n l 79 3 μ l n b μ d n d t r; b tr 11 μ n x d t r t b G l ll n rr 5 μ l n b 1 7 μ d Int rn l ll f tr l n d th n t n r d b l p lp n l μ l n b 37 μ d t b h h ( t x pp r t b th t p n C ll r l n d Sp nn r t v r ll dj nt ntl r nd d t b r l th v r l r pl p n l p n t t rd ntr 33 3 μ l n n t pr j t n f r l b l p lp t b t 15° f r n d S b tr h d r th n tr thr n nt f ld nd p t h h l nt rn l C n ( 11 (O tr r d r v r t th n th 11 5 x dth 5 l rl S nd th r p r l ( 7b l r t f r t b t v d r -br n; rf tt rr l r th f n lt ll r; tr 3 3 μ n d t r; ll r 7 μ n p rt l n rp r t d nt t r l r C n t lf d t r; b tr 7 μ n x d t r v nd br n th n d rf tt r t bd n l p r l ( 7 l r t th r p r l ; p r tr 5 7 μ n d t r; tr 7 7 μ Type data. l t p rb n r ( M ; n t n n d t r; ll r 7 μ n d t r; b tr 9 μ d lt " l nd" n x d t r ( h r th t n f d l t p tr h ( ΜΝΗ; n t n d lt Gr - p r tr th n nn r d t r f 7 μ b t th th (BR). h v b n n rt f t d b th pr rv n th d S nd bd n l p r l l r t th f r t b t th- Material examined. 739 d lt (3 f l 357 l t th t n f d p r tr 5 l rv nd 5 p p r pr nt n ll d d ll t n d ( 91 ht (v rt x t l br 9 ; r x fr nt l dth 9 d r l t v l l n r d p th fr n p ll pr j t n f r rd h n n l nt n In v b r nd b r f l A l t r l pr f l d f h d pp r n n ll l r A rb n r h nt n ph f C r t t rp f n n , C. p r f v r l r r nd d p nt d v rt l r d -l v n , nd h l n p r n d v r t f l v t n n fr n b t n nt nn l rb t nd - n t v nd ntr d d nn l h rb nd hr b d t l b v th h b r n b t pr n nt n - r pt r nd p r l A f l pl n nt th h p d n ll nd b t 9 l t r d p t f f lv f fr th nd pl t th n ph h h t n t p nt M t f h d p l l t th t tr t p r n nt p r l b t b r n n r ll n ll n f th n - r rr ( 1 9 Aphr ph r d n ph r h p d C r n l t r l r n p r t l b nd tr n p rt d v nt r p f n f r rd th th t rn b nt ppr d t th t f th p; th pr h d r h th Ant nn l rb t ( 95 r l r μ n d t r p t th r x h l t lt t bd n l nt p ll h rt t t 19 μ l n b 13 3 μ d r h th t f th p r h ld b th p ddl r nt d b 3 n ll l th t r f h h r r pp d r nd th pr br ( 9 3 μ d b 1 μ h h f r n b nd t ll h p fl th pr t b r n 1 t nd 1 p n f r n ll n d nd th b rr 19 p nt d n r n ( r b rr l- h p d n ll t ( 1 9b- t n 197 nd 199 I x - n p l r n (l ft l b th 9 r ht l b th 1 v t d 5 n t h h h d fr 1 t 1 ll t r
—59 — t d n l p n l b t ll th r n- . p r f r t r rd d n 19 t l r t n tr t d n l htl t v rt l l nd l / nd/l rth (Ar h b ld t l. 1979 nd h n pr d t b n h n b rr v r d fr l t h r z nt l t ntr l nd th rn r f th rth I l nd nd t v r l l t v rt l (5- ° In b n th ntr n n ntr l n th t rn t f th S th I l nd ( - b v t f nn l- h p d h l b t 7 x 1 n rr n lt n M r l 199 In th n d n r t f r t b t r nd n b rr 5-5 ( n 5 n d t r b nd nt n 19 - 7 nd h n b n b f r th t nd 5-1 ( n 7 l n t th f r t ll At t n r p d n t rn Ot f r 19 A r W W lt n h W nd n ll n rr l t d b n r d tl t - ll d n t n th r b t b n t O tr n t r th r 1- ll d r - ll d h n pr b r b nd nt ht- r n n - ll d In l r r r n t n r t O tr p d b n t r r h r t r t h p pp r t b f l n t h d -1 ( n 7 ll h n t h d l t d b t bl n t n t nd h n t t n r d r l r ntr n f l t th d t r th n t r n v r h t xpl t th n pr t b rr t d h h r l r nd -135 l n b 35- 5 d C ll r -1 ( n 1 l n nd 9- ( n 7 5 d nn t d t th n b rr b ll b rr d nd 5- 5 E E E CES l n nd f tt d th nn r l p d f - p t d l 5 th t r l l ft p n d r n Agassiz, 1 7 n l t r z l f 1 pr v n n Unt l n t r pl t d nl nn r ( ll S l d r nt G nn v + 393 pp l r r d C ll r pr v n d th 1 - And r n C 1953 In t t h n t r n pr t fr th nd t th p n lt t n t r h h l nd r . W ll n t n A Η A W d 5 pp r ntr d d nt ll ft n t r t f n v r 7- Ar h b ld ; C x M ; tz 1979 r rd n t th p p nd n 1 5- n t n th ll p r f pl nt p t n l nd III . S x p f v t On nd v d l t h r t f ll ll th t pt r Ν l nd rn l f A r lt r l pl nt f 17 pr t Wh n ft r 9-15 d th r h 1- 7 n t pl t d ( th -9 ll n t r (n t l r Arn ld G 19 -31 h Sph d f S th Afr p rt ft n d th pl f p t d l n th I- Ann l f th r n v l M ( r t r ntr n nd n n t th n d At O tr n 9 1 1-13 (= p rt I,1922); 9 1 3- 53 (= p rt II nd nd v d l f l d fr 3 t 5 n t p r n IΠ 19 3 ; 1 1-5 (= p rt I - M l t v t Aft r th f l h v d th r n t th A h d W 1 99 Cl f t n f th nt ph l pr t ndr l fl fr n t t n t p nd n n p r th p rf l Sph d C n d n v r l th n n t n d h b rr C p l t n Ent l t : 1 5-155 1 1-17 1 - 5 l t b t nd 3 - 51 91-3 3 -33 3 5-357 f h t r h h t bl n - v t ( 1 9f nh W 19 l nd z l p 5 -91 n - 1 l n b 5- 9 d l d n th th t A ( d n d n nd t n hb rh d A pr bd n l htl t n d f d-v ntr l v l- h rt nt f t h t r b l nd l nd p nt fr v p t n nt l n- p nn n t -3 th r nd nd tr f Ot ndb f h r 9- nth pr p p l d p th A tr l n A t n f r th Adv n nt f Oth r t d G rl (19 r p rt d th p n t- S n n d n Ot l W tn C n n th l f rd n b d t l n nd pr n n 135 pp C r t t rp f n n . n h C 1 97 h f n f r t h Ind n - pt r vol. I. nd n l r r n x + 579 pp Remarks. h b n n h h th p n t r ft n r t th n th l t d b th r l nd h rt R.M.; Menke, A.S. 197 Sph d p f th Sph d It l l th t th r fl t th r r nt f rld n r r v n r l Un v r t f C l - th p r l d b t t ll l v n h t h h n n r l l f r f rn r 95 pp rr nd d b n r l f nd b pt bl t r dl C 195 h ph l n f th n pt r d t n h ntr d t n fr rth rn E r p n th r d n , nth Int rn t n l C n r f Ent 19 f h l n p r h pr v d d n xtr l l I: 5- 9 b nd nt n pr t h h r lt n A rb n r r t W S 1971 h h b t f W t A tr l n b n r n ph d p Ent l t I04: 42- 4.
-60- r th r 1975 h l n nd l f t n f th 19 A p t f th b l f th t r l t n pt r th p l r f r n t t f n p n l Sh rd ( n pt r M t ll d h Un v r t f K n S n ll t n Sph d r n t n f th l S t f Ν 0: 3- l nd (z l : 355-3 3 r llé A 1 33 Mé r r n n t én ptèr C rt 1 9 A d t n rr n nt f r t h p r t t v n d nr Al n. Ann l d l n t t nd n W tl A v v + 5 S été Ent l d r n ( r 2: 3- 1 . ll r W 1 77 In t r h t t r r n t n th 1834-37: British entomology, etc. v l 11 pl t h b t f th bl p d r p f l nd r n -5 9 (1 3 ; v l 13 pl t 57 - 5 (1 3 ; v l t n nd r d n f th Ν l nd In t t t 1 pl t - 73 (1 37 nd n : 3 3-3 7 hlb A G 1 p t th d p r C ll n E M C 1979 h Sph d ( n pt r f S nd n v r d f l n pt r r n t - l nd Ν l nd Ent l t 7 3 - 1 r l p rt n nt nd C rl n 1 pp 1 3- 5 n pt r E r p r p b r - 19 Err n r rd f th d-d b n p l t v l 1 nd ndb r n xl v + 5 pp S l phr n l t ( n pt r Sph d n (Ρp 1-17 =f 1 1 3; pp 173-35 = f 1 ; l nd Ν l nd Ent l t 7 13 -135 pp 353-5 i-xl v t bl = f 3 1 5 C r n 1 r pt n f t nt -thr n p - ll rr C G d (= K W r C W d 1 97 C t l f n pt r M r nd r d n f th n pt r r h d r pt r t - M n h t r t r r nd h l ph l S t (4 I: t t n n v l r p G 159-1 3 En l nn v + 7 9 pp 1 -9 In t n pt r v l ( r v 19 A h l t f th Arthr p d fr In G d n S lv n l C ntr l - l nd l r t rd r - A r n nd n l r r n x + 13 pp t t n S t 1 pp (pp 1-3 1 33- 1 9 5-1 1 9 1 9-17 E rl W ; n nd I 1993 rth r l nd 1 91; Sph d pp 1-15 r rd f S l phr n ( n pt r Sp d New 1 9 t n ll t n f n pt r fr l nd Ent l t 6: 5 -5 Gr th l nd th d r pt n f n Ev n 1957 St d n th l rv f d r p p M r nd pr d n f th M n h t r rt III h l nth n r p x l n n nd Cr br - t r r nd h l ph l S t 42: 1-53 n n r n t n f th A r n Ent l l C rd l C 19 5 n pt r p d nd Sph - S t 8 . 79-117 d p 15 - 1 n W lt n W ( d l l 195 St d n th l rv f d r p rt t l f A tr l v l n pt r C nb rr IV: A t t n rr n phr d n n r n r f l r nd n / A tr l n G v rn nt t n f th A r n Ent l l S t 84: bl h n S rv 3 1 pp 1 9-139 Ch ndl r G 19 5 b t f th nd- p t r n 1959 St d n th l rv f d r p Ρ rt t r l t 42: 1 7-11 C n l n r n t n f th A r n Ent C t A 1 5 -7 I n tt r l t f l d l l l S t 8 : 137-191 Sf d In C t O G A 1 9- n d l 19 h l f t n nd v l t n f d r n d p l (11 v l pl (Sph d pp p t d b l rv l h r t r Ent l 1- 1 5 pp 9-3 1 1; n d pp 1-5 l 75 5- 37 1 59; h l nth d pp 1-1 1 pp 17-3 1 7 ; Ev n E ; Eb rh rd M 197 h p Ann Arb r b d pp 1- 1 7 ; b x: pp 1- 1 7 Un v r t f M h n r v + 5 pp C rt H.K.; h rt M 19 S t t n t n Ev n E ; n C S 195 St d n th l rv f r br n d th d r pt n f n p n d r p p rt I Sph n r n t n f th f Ent l t 42: 3 9-33 A r n Ent l l S t 8I: 131-1 C l 19 1 h t f n p n l 195 b St d n th l rv f d r p p rt Sh rd ( n pt r Sph d l nd lI: n n r n t n f th A r n Ent Ent l t 2(6 : 5- l l S t 35-
61 br C 1775 S t nt l l n b r t 199 d r t r (C r n nd . lb p p ( S th ( n pt r Sph d Cr br n n 17 1 Sp n t r b r t K l n pr n n Eph r pt r nd r h pt r n f Ent l t 66( : 55- 1 17 7 M nt n t r fn 199 W p f th n S l phr n ( n - 1793 Ent l t t nd t t t pt r Sph d nt r pt d n l nd v l C p nh n v + 519 pp l nd Ent l t 15 39- 179 Ent l t t nd t t t v l C p nh n v + 7 pp rr A 1979 A l r f rf r lpt r n O n l p p r n nt l , U.S. p rt nt f 179 S ppl nt nt l t t d nd A r lt r , v n f l nt Ind tr , C p nh n v + 57 pp b r t r S rv Ent l 28: 1-31 1 S t p z t r r n x v + 39 n ( d 1939 Op n n 135 h ppr n f PP. th - ll d "Erl n n t" f 19 1 Op n n r n rn ld Η Τ 19 7 h d r p f rth A r f d r d b th Int rn t n l C n n l l th n d l n ( ph l . r d n f n l t r , nd n 9-1 th U.S. t n l M : 1- rr h-S h ff r G A 1 n l t r nt l- x W 1 95 h Cr br n d f b r l A r t ft n b r v + + pp r n t n f th A r n Ent l l S t d n G 1 9 An l nt r n l f - 22: 1 9- l nd nt l ; b n n ntr d t n t th t d f G ld I ; lt n 19 ; h n pt r r t h r n t v n t nd n W t n C 1 M ( t r l t r nd Oxf rd Un v r t Pp. r 33 pp 195 r nt f l nd nt l G rl E S 19 t n l nd n t nd W ll n t n r n O b rn td 1 p r rd f ntr d d p Ν l nd Ent tt n W 1 7 t f th n t r rd d h v n l t ( : 5-51 b n f nd n l nd pr v t th r 1 7 Gr nd G 19 1 St d d n nt l l I n tt r r n t n nd r d n f th Ν l nd p r r ll tt n d ll I t t t d Ent l d ll In t t t 6: 15 -171 Un v r t d l t d d l n 2 . xv + 59 pp 1 1 C t l f th l nd pt r lt n K G A ; M r l C 199 C r p d (In- Orth pt r n pt r ; th d r pt n f th t pt r n f l nd n . 2 . 40 p W ll n t n C l n l M nd G l - l S rv f l nd 13 pp ndl r h A 1 7-95 M n r ph d r t n nd ( d 19 Ind x f n v l nd n- b x v r ndt n Gr b p n (p rt I— II nd d n l C 37 pp " htr nd S hl rt" S tz n b r ht d r A d d r W n h ft n n W n, M th t r n 1 7 v ll éth d d l r l h n t rh t r h Cl : - 1(1 7 ; 6: én ptèr t l ptèr v l 1 én ptèr 19-311 (1 ; : 31 -5 5 (1 b ; 9 -517 G n v h d 319 + pp (1 9 ; : 77-1 (1 9 ; 00. 5- 5(1 9 ; 02: K rb W 179 A ph l , n n f n t n th 5 -9 (1 93 ; 04: 1-1 79(1 95 l n pt r n l d n th Sph x b l f rr A C 197 A t t r v n f th nn r n t n f th nn n S t n l nd p l d ( n pt r th t d n d n 4: 195- 1 l rv l f h t r d tr b t n v r t n p l - K rb W 1 3 t n n r l ttl n n p f r ph h br d z n r nd nv r n nt l n pt r h fl fr l nd r n t l n Unp bl MS ( n th t r Un - n f th l Ent l l S t ( nd n v r t f W ll n t n 88 : 199- 3 19 On l tr p nd ll t n b Sph Kl 1 1 Ab nd r n n r p ntödt r nd 5 1 -1 r n n d r lb n z n r n n G tt n S l 19 7 p l d (In t n pt r n phr n. S hr ft n G ll h ft t rf r h nd r f l nd I2. 15 pp r nd z rl n 3 555-5
—62— K hl 1 3 Üb r n Gr b p n d M d t rrän- p l t r d S nt- r A ; r llé A 1 3 M n - b t t h Ent l h t hr ft ( r r ph d nr Crabro, d l f ll d én - l n 7 1 1-1 ptèr f r Ann l de la S été Ent l 1 n pt r n n d n S l n n de France 3 3- 1 d K K z l h n f-C b n t z W n II nn C 175 S t n t r t 1 th d l rh ndl n n d r l h b t n h n G ll I. l r nt S lv 3 pp h ft n W n 33 331-3 n D. 19 h pr nd pr d t n b h v r f th 1 9 G tt n n d r Sph d n Ann l n d wasp Pison morosum ( n pt r Sph d t rh t r h n f n W n : 33-51 Zealand Entomologist 11: 37- n 19 h pr nd pr d t n b h v r f th h ldt O. 1975 h Sph d ( n pt r f wasp n r ( n pt r Sph d nn nd nd n r p rt 1 Fauna Entomol- l nd Ent l t I : 37- ogica Scandinavica 4: 1- tr ll A 1 - 3 t r n t r ll énér l t 197 h Sph d ( n pt r f nn - p rt l èr d r t é t d n t v l 3 ris, nd nd n r p rt Fauna Entomologica f rt x + 13 + 7 pp Scandinavica 4: 5- 5 1 bl éth d d n t p M C rth 1917 S b rv t n n l t r p 1 9- n v d t nn r d h t r n t r ll t S W Australian Naturalist 3 195- t v l r t rv ll 3 pp M l h v S I 19 G n f th n pt r nd th 1 9 G n r r t r t n t r l 4. ph f th r v l t n nd n M th n 319 pp r t Ar nt r t A Kön 397 pp M lv ll 19 Op n n 57 Podalonia rn ld 1 1 C n dér t n énér l r l rdr n t r l 19 7 (In t n pt r v l d t n nd d n - d n x p nt l las d Cr t é d t n f t p - p nd r th pl n r p r Bulletin Ar hn d t d In t P r S h ll pp of Zoological Nomenclature 25: - 9 l r 195 M n r ph té t ph - 197 Op n n 11 C n rv t n f th n r l én t t z é r ph d én ptèr n Rhopalum St ph n 1 9 (In t n - Cr br n n è j n r 371 pp pt r Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 34: 37- 39 1955 v n d d r t tr l n ll M n A S 19 n r nd p f p f th t n t Ann l d l S ίété l Ent l d tr b r p x l n n fr th tr p l n Los l ( r x ll : 3 -3 Angeles County Museum Contributions to Science 1955b év n d h p l (K rb 1 9 n - 135: 1-9 zél nd ( Sph d Cr br n n ll t n d 19 n n th n rld r v n Contri- n t t tS n d l I l t r ll d butions of the American Entomological Institute 24(3): ( r x ll : 1-1 1-171 197 Cr br n n d nr h p l tr vé n M n A S ; h rt M ; h rd O W 197 r - A ér l t n ll t n d l S ίété l d p d nd t n t Nysson f th n Nysso t- S n d è : 5-1 r ll 179 ( n pt r Sph d ( (S 197 b Q l d r t d A tr l t d 55 Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 30: A r d S d ( n pt r Sph d Cr br - 17- 1 n n ll t n d h r h A r n d M n A S ; h rt M ; van d r ht 19 Pod- G bl x., n. . 5 71- alonia Sp n l 1 53 pr p d ppr n nd r G ll E 1 1 C t l r nné d n t pl n r p r n f v r f Podalonia rn ld 19 7 h én ptèr r ll d n l v d r n v W th Ammophila violaceipennis p l t r 1 5 d corv tt l A tr l b t l Ζ lé . Ann l d t p - p (S 1735 Bulletin of Zoological- t n l S été Ent l d r n ( r 0: 319 Nomenclature 23: -51 p l t r d S nt- r A 1 5 t r n t r ll M r t G 19 "G r t y St z " d E p n d n t l 3 én ptèr P r r t Memorias de la R. Sociedad Española de t r pp Natural (Madrid) 4: 111-15
6 M h n r C 19 C p r t v xt rn l rph l 1935: A l t r f b S dn End v r r ph l n nd l f t n f th b ll t n f 75 pp th A r n M f t r l t r 82: 151- h rd O W 195 ( nd 1977 n pt r ntr d - 3 t n nd t f l ndb f r th d nt f M h n r C. . t n . . 1991 S p rf l t n f r t h n t 4 ( . nd n l Ent - Ap d In h n t f A tr l A t xtb f r l l S t 9 pp ( nd d t n 1 pp t d nt nd r r h r r ( nd d C rlt n 19 A r v n l t d f th r d p CSI O / M lb rn Un v r t r 1137 pp nd n nd l W Cl S n v + 9 pp M ll r 1955 t v n t t r n Ν l nd Ε 197 n pt r p 7-959 n h n t r . W ll n t n A A W d pp f A tr l CSI O / M lb rn Un v r t r 1971 ( nd 19 C rn n n t n - A 1 t r n t r ll d pr n p l pr d - l nd W ll n t n A A W d 17 pp (19 t n d l E r p ér d n l t p rt l èr nt d d t n r v d b A K W l r ll d nv r n d t d Alp M r t nn I 19 3 h b l f d-n t n - v l 5 r vr lt v + 3 pp n pt r ( nd th r t nd I pt r n r th 1 5 t n th h b t f A tr l n h lt r f th K d r n rth rn rr t r n pt r A l t rn l f th nn n S A tr l n t n l r nd W ldl f S rv Sp t , nd n 8: 31 -3 l bl t n 0: 1 7-1 9 S r d 1 5 Mél n én ptér l 1991 n pt r p 91 -1 n h n t f 1 G n v 7 pp f A tr l A t xtb f r t d nt nd r r h 1 55 Mél n én ptér l Mé r r r ( nd d C rlt n CSI O / M lb rn Un - d l S été d h t d t r t r ll d v r t r 1137 pp G nèv 4: 1- 7 t S 1935 S n n l n t n th f r l 1867: Hymenoptera. Pp. 1-138 n d r ö t r- p Ent l l 46: - 5 - 7 r h h n r tt v r t z l h r h l 1937 h n r n f th ph d p v l W n 15 pp nd th r t p p M r f th A r n Ent S h lz W A 19 n pt r n A z n n S tz l l S t : 1-1 3 n b r ht d r r h n A d d r W n 19 C n p t f th n r f p ph l d n h ff n z Mün h n, M th t h ph l h p A r n M dl nd t r l t : 3 9-3 Kl : 757- 3 l W 1971 h ph x K hl ( n 1906: Sp l h n pt r l d rb rn A Sph d d l ré n p lé r t d nt l t p 355 pp ntr l l d , l d z l S p l 177 Öb rv t n z l h t r t t zn j d d z ln j ( dz l 11 1- n t r l 5 7 -1 1975 S n n l n t n rr n nd A t t - Sh r ll 1971 (r v d 19 l nd n t nd n ( n pt r Sph d rn l f th W h th r t r A l nd nd nd n C ll n pp n t n A d f S n 64: 3 -3 3 Sh rd W E 1 37 E n th nd n f r l 1977 A n p f h ph x K hl ( n pt r nd n Sh rd x + 59 pp Sph d f A tr l nd O n l 1 3 r pt n f n x t l t - nt l zn (W r 4 : 3-33 n pt r r n t n f th Ent l l S t f d z O. 1 7 M tér x p r serv r à n f n nd n 2 ( : - h én ptér l d l ( t r S 1840: In S n n W Sh rd W On th t t Ent l 2: -15 h t r nd n t r l rr n nt f n t v l 1 9 ( f 1 91 E r n l f t n d Sph d n th C b n t C l p d f rdn r nd n v + n nn n d prè l tr t r d r r p - pp l tr ll t n d l S été I pér l d M S th 1 5 C t l f h n pt r n t n th (n. . 5 571-59 ll t n f th r t h M p rt I Sph d rn nt 193 M r l nd M l tr b , n n- rr d nd Cr br n d pp 7- 97 nd n r f A tr l n b r d n f th l S 1 5 C t l f th n pt r n t t f t r (n. . 42: 11- ll t d t S r rn ; Mt Oph r M l ; nd
64 t S n p r b A W ll rn l f th r d n hr b n n v n dr n n Art n f St d d n f th nn n S t f nd n, z l 2: ( : -1 -13 1971b Er bn d r z l h n r h n n 1 r pt n f n p f n - v n r K z b n d r M n l Sph d I -II pt r n t fr rn th l nd f S tr S l A t l A d S nt r n r G l l S l tt nd G n ll t d b Mr ( d p t : 139- 17 A W ll n l f th r d n f th n rn r E 19 t n th A tr l n f r l p n n S t , z l 8: 1-9 f th f l Sph d th d r pt n f n 1 9 r pt n f n p f th n p r d n f th l l S t f n nd n n l t f th pr v l nd n 08: 57-535 d r b d r n t n f th Ent l l S t 191 Add t n t r n l d f th f r l ι f nd n 86 : 9-3 p f A tr l r d n f th l l 1 7 r pt n f n p f h n - S t f nd n 0: 53-35 pt r n t f l nd ll t d b C M 191 t f f r l n pt r 19 On W f ld E pr n p ll n th n hb rh d f n p fr A tr l Ann l nd M z n f C nt rb r r n t n f th Ent l l S t r l t r , r. 8, : 11 -13 t f nd n 8 6: 73- 7 191 b t n th p f th n n nd ι 1 7 r pt n f n p f h n - ll d n r r d n f th l l pt r n t fr l nd ll t d b r f S t f nd n 6: 591- 9 tt n t Ot r n t n f th Ent l l l nt n E W 19 7 A l t f th h t f nt ph S t f nd n 8 8: . n t f l nd l nd rn l f Sp n l Μ 1 - In t r r p n v S n 0 (4 : 11 -1 9 t r r r t v l 1 xv + 1 pp (1 ; v l 2, l nt n E W ; W l r A Κ 1991 Ann t t d t l + pp (1 r t Ar nt r t A K n f l nd n pt r SI l nt r t t n 1 51 n pt r p 153-5 9 n G C r p rt n . 4. A l nd t r f y p l t d Ch l l v l 6. v n d r nd n 1 7 Ob rv t n r l - r M ld n n 57 pp én ptèr d l f ll d f r pr èr p rt St ph n 1 9 h n n l t r f r t h n t v x Mé r d l A d l d S t nd n ld n Cr d pp n t ll l ttr ( r x ll 4: 6 (pp 1-97 1 9b A S t t t l f r t h n t f th r p r t t nd n ld n Cr d xxx v + 1 + 3 v n d r ht ; v n r l M A 19 v n f pp th n n t b n S l phr n tr ll . jd ll rd 19 h n t f A tr l nd hr ft v r nt l (A t rd : 1 5- 55 l nd S dn An b rt n 5 pp rd C 19 7 h l nd f n f thr p - n 1957 r t p f th bf l p- h nt n l t r p n Sp l n Sh rd n nd C r p l n ll t n f th Un t d St t ( n pt r Sph d S t t Ent l t n l M 20 . pp 2: 9- 5 1973 h t p f Sph x v t nn l W t d O 1 39- S n p f th n r f r t h Ent l zn (W r 4 : 91-9 n t p 1-15 n An ntr d t n t th d rn n K 19 7 On th p f th n Cr br 1 l f t n f n t v l nd n ( p 5- fr d th d r pt n f n p nd 1 39; pp 1-9 1 b p rn l f th lt f S n Wh t A ; tl r A G 1 7 In t p 5-51 n h- d Un v r t (6 : 397- 35 rd n Gr E ( d h z l f th 195 h n h p l K rb (1 9 f p n v f M S Er b & rr r nd r th - K r S h l n nd th K r l th t d r - nd f C pt n S r C d r n th r 1 39 o l f t n f th b n r nd d r pt n f f r 1 3 nd n E W n n n p rn l f th lt f S n , W l n n A ; W l n n A S 195 K p t rd S n t - ι d Un v r t (6 : 0 2 . r A n t r l h t r f th l nd M t rt n 1971a: Revision der Sp l n Art n p n t M t rt n r nt n C p n 19 pp
- 5- A E I : OS ECO S O S ECI AE I EW EA A
Argogorytes carbonarius TACHINIDAE: v r l d - z d t ll p HEMIPTERA thr h t l nd APHROPHORIDAE: C r t t rp f n n (n ph C. v ΤΕΡΗ I I AE: phr t pl b , . f r n (n ph ; h l n p r (n ph E EME O E A LEPTOPHLEBIIDAE: l t d z br n h l Pison morosum Str (MK tt v r (W ; . l ll — l Str A AC I A (MK tt v r (W ARANEIDAE: Cr pt r n lb l n t , C. b pt ECO E A Er ph r p t l E l r n v r d t v r n GRIPOPTERYGIDAE: l nd b f r ll t — r l v t l r n r Ζ tr n t t O tr ( ; n r — r O tr ( SALTICIDAE: r t p ( n 19 IC O E A S I I II AE· C br d p CONOESUCIDAE: n ntr d r l — l Str Τ E I II ΑΕ: A h r n p (ΜK Τ OΜISI ΑΕ: b r p RHYACOPHILIDAE: dr b p r br p nn v v r (CO Pison spinolae A AC I A Podagritus carbonicolor ARANEIDAE: Ar hn r f r d Ar p pr t n , A. I E A tr f t C l r n v r d t , C. br nn Cr pt r CALLIPHORIDAE: C ll ph r h ll , C. dr l t , C. n lb l n t , C. b pt C l tr l b t Er t , C. v n ph r p t l , Ε. h r n dr d r MUSCIDAE: v r l l r nd t r n d n t v p v r n l v t l r n tr n t t , Ζ r SARCOPHAGIDAE: v r l n d nt f d l r n t v p - cies Podagritus albipes STRATIOMYIDAE: nh lp n I E A TABANIDAE: b ( r t d tr n t , . A ISO O I AE: An p n t t ( . v r d S pt ( d n ll r , S. ( . BIBIONIDAE: l ph n nt n , S. ( . dr l CE O O OGO I AE: r p nt p d TACHINIDAE: l n t r n , pl v r l l r n C I O OMI AE: l p d l l t , Ρ. p d t r n d p CU IC AE: A d nt p d THEREVIDAE: An b rh n h f r n , A. f r l , A. I I AE: r d x f n rv h , A. l t r p l , A. l t , A. r n r , A. DOLICHOPODIDAE: r nt r tr t l tr , A. r ph ll E t n rh n h t n DROSOPHILIDAE: r ph l h d M th r b l n t , M. lb p l EMPIDIDAE: l n d l n , l n p
n d p d d Podagritus chambersi LAUXANIIDAE: l h t r p nr p n t t f , Ρ. I E A d b S pr z n z l nd r p n d p TEPHRITIDAE: r p n p MUSCIDAE, C n n n ph r n Sp l n p A- O tr r v r ( ; Sp l n p ; n d Podagritus cora l n ph r n p A — t l b h Chr t h r h I E A (MC ; n d l n ph r n p Β — ld Mt C r ll rr , I IO I AE: l ph n r t n d n ( CALLIPHORIDAE: C ll ph r v n , C. h ll , C. dr SCIA I AE: S r r f l nt l t t l n r n t t SIMULIIDAE: A tr l tr l n MUSCIDAE: St x l tr n STRATIOMYIDAE: nh lp n , . p l , Β. SARCOPHAGIDAE: v r l n d nt f d p tr zn t r n , r pp ( ; t n pp SIMU II AE A tr l tr l n , A. t ll rd ( ; Opl nth b t t t n SYRPHIDAE: M l n t f t , M. n v z l n STRATIOMYIDAE: nh lp n , . p l r d , M. rt S rph p pp ( ; Od nt hl r , Ο. tr v r n
— — SY I AE M l n n n v z l nd , M. f t (In dd t n t th b v I h v t n v r l h ndr d f AC I I AE v r l n d nt f d p d - z d d pt r pr t fr n t f th p t l r E E I AE An b rh n h f r n , A. f r l , Α. Rhopalum aucklandi h , A. h tt n , A. nn t t , A. l t r p l , E I O E A A. l t , A. r f b l , A. fl v v ntr An b rh n h C AM I AE Or r b fl x ll p A — t (W ( nd r b d n b r p r GEOME I AE S l d p (MC ; An b rh n h p Β - r n ( K ( nd - G Y I E IGI AE Gl ph pt r x n pt r ( r b d n b r p r ; M th r v lb O ICI AE Ep h r t r n ( p l EMI E A
E EME O E A CICA E I AE Ar v r t n z l nd ( r- E O E II AE l t d z br n h — l r n r rd ? Str (MK ; D. l ll — l Str (MK IC O E A Rhopalum z l nd CO OESUCI AE n ntr d r l — l Str I E A (ΜΚ S A IOMYI AE r pp (W SOCO E A Podagritus digyalos I O A SI AE l nd p f r ll I E A O I I AE l nd rt l nt rr pt Spilomena earlyi ΤΕΡΗ ΤΓI ΑΕ phr t pl b YSA O E A I I AE hr p b r t d r t p rr tt CO EO E A Sp l n l nt l CA A I AE A l t d — Mt x r ( YSA O E A E O I AE C ph n p — Mt x r ( I I AE Thrips b r t (n ph nd d lt C YSOME I AE Ad x v l r — K r r M r r - r n (W ; G b rn /Η r (G - ; Spilomena r n t r f l nt t r ( ; r t r A l nd r YSA O E A (AK M t pr r rd r f th p Ad x pp I I AE l thr p h rrh d l — Mt x r ( ; Old M n n C ntr l Ot nt n (CO Sp l n n z l YSA O E A d l n t d p I I AE Thrips b r t ( t nd nd- n t r n ph E I O E A nd d lt ; l thr p h rrh d l ( t nd nd- OC UI AE A r t nn n t — 3 t r f n l- n t r n t r n ph nd d lt l rv p h K t n v r th nd p t ttl W h f r d n ( Tachysphex nigerrimus A O EA Rhopalum p rf r t r B A E I AE r ll p d n nj n t , . n l I E A t , . p h r OSO I I AE r ph l p A I AE C l t bl tt n pt r , C. h p r , C. n t MUSCI AE Sp l n pp (3 ; n d d ( pp l , C. p ll d d t , C. nd l v tt , C. v l r S A IOMYI AE r lt n , r pp (3 ; Ex r t l t z t r n v l nd p n r t n nd Opl nth b t t t C O ISO EU I AE C l r bl tt n n r SY I AE All r pt p ; M l n t n v z l n O E ECO S "C r h " ( d n 195 ; C l t dί , M. f t S rph rt bl tt nd l v tt (G rl 19 ; f l dr n C. AC I I AE n d t h n d ( pp p n n l r (Ρ hn np bl b — C ll n 1979
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-106- O ICES NGA PAANUI is se ies o e e ee occasio a u ica io s as Kua w aka uu ia ee ei aa a gi uka uka ei ee es a is e o e cou age ose wi e e w aka au au ki ga o u ga w ai maa au a ga k ow e ge o u is co cise ye com e e si e kia w akaa u i ga mea e aa a a ki ga ka a e e accou s o e eme s i e ew ea a au a. o iu ii e i. e aa ua o u ga ee ei aa a gi e se ies is o essio a i i s co ce io a uka uka, e ga i, ko e ia ia kia maa ama ai e ese a io , ye e e y e o is ma e o o i e u i u i, kia moo io ai e ma ia ki ga o u o ia esou ces o i e i ica io a i o ma io a gaa a a, o ia gaa a a, aa, kia w akaa i i e a e accessi e o e o s ecia is . maa au a ga e aa a a ki a a ou. au a o . . ea s wi o ma i e i e e Ko ee ei uka uka au a o ew ea a a es o y, si ce e e e a es a e we ocu kaao e e aa a a ki ga ka a e e, ki ga ika, ki ga me e , a ma i e o ms a e co e e y e maa ai ai aa ei. E i o moo io ia a a ga se ies Ma i e au a o . . . ka a e e. Kei o o i ga uka uka e kiia a a Ma i e au a o ew ea a ga u i u i e aa a a ki ga ika me ga maa ai ai. Co i u io s a e i i e om a y e so wi e equisi e s ecia is ski s a esou ces. Ma e ia om e . . A o o Co ec io is a ai a e u i u i ga. Ko e o o ki ga o u ga kia ukua o s u y. mai aa kou ou uka uka. E waa ea a a e ko iko i ga ka a e e e kiia a a ko e ew ea Co i u o s s ou iscuss ei i e io s wi a A o o Co ec io ei maa aki aki maau. a a o ia e mem e o e au a A iso y G ou o wi e Se ies E i o e o e comme c Me w aakii oo kou ou w akaa o ki e mema o e i g wo k a ecessa y gui a ce wi e gi e . kaa ui o u o u o au a e ika a a, ki e E i a aa ei, i mua i e iima a ga u i u i.
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— — Fauna of New Zealand Ko t Aitanga Pepeke o Aotearoa
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