Citizens' Perception Survey on Corruption and Transparency In

USAID Transparent, Effective and Accountable Municipalities (USAID TEAM) activity in Kosovo

Citizens’ Perception Survey on Corruption and Transparency in Public Procurement in Municipalities

Project Title: USAID Transparent, Effective and Accountable Municipalities (USAID TEAM) activity in Kosovo

Sponsoring USAID Office: USAID/Kosovo

Contract Number: AID-167-C-17-00001

COR: Jeton Cana

Contractor: DAI Global, LLC

Date of Submission: June 2020

Prepared By: UBO Consulting

DISCLAMER: This publication was prepared by UBO Consulting for the USAID Transparent, Effective and Accountable Municipalities (USAID TEAM) activity in Kosovo. The author’s views in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) or the United States Government.

Acronyms

ACA – Anti-Corruption Agency

CAPI – Computer-Assisted Personal Interviewing

CATI – Computer-Assisted Telephone Interviews

CSO – Civil Society Organization

FGD – Focus Group Discussions

NAO – National Audit Office

PPRC – Public Procurement Regulatory Commission

PRB – Procurement Review Body

TEAM – Transparent, Effective and Accountable Municipalities

USAID – United States Agency for International Development

Contents

Acronyms ...... 3 Executive Summary ...... 8 Main Findings ...... 8 USAID Transparent, Effective and Accountable Municipalities Activity Background . 10 Survey Methodology ...... 10 Sampling Plan ...... 11 Focus Group Discussion Methodology ...... 12 Survey Results ...... 14 Section A: General Questions ...... 14 Section B: Municipal Transparency and Accountability ...... 17 Section C: Corruption in Local Government ...... 22 Section D: Public Procurement Practices ...... 26 Comparison of Survey Results throughout Municipalities ...... 32 Conclusion of Survey Results ...... 50 Focus Group Discussion Results ...... 51 Results from the Focus Group Discussions with Businesses ...... 52 Results from the Focus Group Discussions with CSOs ...... 61 Conclusions and Recommendations from Focus Groups Discussions ...... 69 Discussion with Business Representatives ...... 69 Discussion with CSO Representatives ...... 73 Annexes ...... 77 Annex 1. Survey Sample ...... 77 Annex 2. Results for Focus Municipalities ...... 78 Annex 3. Results for Other Municipalities ...... 117 Annex 4. Survey Questionnaire ...... 169 Annex 5. Focus Group Guideline for Business Representatives ...... 182 Annex 6. Focus Group Guideline for CSOs Representatives ...... 188

Table of Figures Figure 1. What are the three most important problems that you are facing as a citizen in your municipality? ...... 14 Figure 2. Can you please tell me, how much do you trust your local government on a scale of 1 – 7 (where 1 is the lowest and 7 is the highest score)? ...... 15 Figure 3. Can you please tell me, how satisfied are you with the municipal services in general? ...... 15 Figure 4. How satisfied are you with the work of the following? ...... 16 Figure 5. Tell me, to what extent are you satisfied with the following aspects of Municipal Administration? ...... 16 Figure 6. How informed do you feel about your municipality’s work in general? ...... 17 Figure 7. How informed are you about the publication of the following municipal documents/reports? ...... 17 Figure 8. Are you informed about the municipal budget in your municipality for this year?.... 18 Figure 9. Are you aware of capital projects planned year? ...... 18 Figure 10. Are you aware of capital projects implemented in your municipality last year?..... 19 Figure 11. How satisfied are you with quality of the capital investments in your municipality? 19 Figure 12. If not satisfied, what do you believe is a cause of the poor quality of the infrastructure projects implemented? ...... 20 Figure 13. Over the past year, have you…? ...... 20 Figure 14. Please tell me, what is your opinion on the following matters regarding the usage of public funds and the civil service staff in general in your local government? ...... 21 Figure 15. Do you think citizens should or should not have access to…? ...... 21 Figure 16. Do you feel that the public authorities in your municipality withhold important information that concerns the general public (taxpayers) relating to public expenditures, i.e. allocation of public funds? ...... 22 Figure 17. In your dealings with the public sector within your municipality, how important are personal contacts and/or relationships to get things done? ...... 23 Figure 18. In your opinion, if corruption exists, to what extent is it prevalent in the following institutions? ...... 23 Figure 19. Presence and prevalence of corruption in different sectors within municipality? ... 24 Figure 20. Your evaluations about the extent of presence of corruption within your municipal (local) government are based on …? ...... 25 Figure 21. What do you think is the most important reason for corruption in your municipality (local government)? ...... 25 Figure 22. In your opinion, if corruption by a public employee or politician were to occur in your area, how likely is it that such corruption would be exposed by the mass media? ...... 26 Figure 23. Are you familiar with executive bodies, public institutions and organizations who regulate or address procurement related issues/ corruption cases? ...... 26 Figure 24. In your opinion, are there adequate mechanisms for the monitoring of capital investments in your neighborhood (implementation of public procurement activities: roads, schools, parks, etc.) and the detection of misconduct in public procurement? ...... 27 Figure 25. In your opinion, are there adequate mechanisms for the sanctioning or addressing of misconduct in public procurement? ...... 27 Figure 26. In your opinion, which side is more corrupt in the process of public procurement in your municipality?...... 28 Figure 27. In your opinion, in which of the procurement phase(s) is corruption more prevalent? ...... 28

Figure 28. In your opinion, who from local authorities is responsible for corruption in the public procurement process (implementation of projects: roads, schools, parks, etc.)? ...... 29 Figure 29. Do you believe that perpetrators of corruption are adequately punished in your municipality? ...... 29 Figure 30. In the past year, did you come across a situation that municipal public officials conditioned performing their services by asking for bribes, gifts or other favors? ...... 30 Figure 31. Did you give bribes, gifts or other favors to municipal officials for the services provided? ...... 30 Figure 32. Could you please state the institution where you were conditioned to give bribes, gifts or other favors to receive a service from municipality? ...... 31 Figure 33. Focus municipalities: How satisfied are you with the municipal services in general? ...... 32 Figure 34. New focus municipalities: How satisfied are you with the municipal services in general? ...... 33 Figure 35. Focus municipalities: How informed are about your municipality's work? ...... 33 Figure 36. New focus municipalities: How informed are about your municipality's work? ...... 34 Figure 37. Focus municipalities: Are you informed about the municipal budget for this year? 34 Figure 38. New focus municipalities: Are you informed about the municipal budget for the year? ...... 35 Figure 39. Focus municipalities: How satisfied are you with the quality of implemented projects in the last four years? ...... 35 Figure 40. New focus municipalities: How satisfied are you with the quality of implemented projects in the last four years? ...... 36 Figure 41. Focus municipalities: Please tell me, what is your opinion on the following matters regarding the usage of public funds and the civil service staff in general in your local government? ...... 37 Figure 42. New focus municipalities: Please tell me, what is your opinion on the following matters regarding the usage of public funds and the civil service staff in general in your local government? ...... 38 Figure 43. Focus municipalities: How important are personal contacts/relationships within your municipality? ...... 39 Figure 44. New focus municipalities: How important are personal contacts/relationships within your municipality?...... 39 Figure 45. Focus municipalities: Your evaluations about the extent of presence of corruption within your municipal (local) government are based on..? ...... 43 Figure 46. New focus municipalities: Your evaluations about the extent of presence of corruption within your municipal (local) government are based on..? ...... 44 Figure 47. Focus municipalities: In your opinion, in which of the procurement phase(s) is corruption more prevalent? ...... 45 Figure 48. New focus municipalities: In your opinion, in which of the procurement phase(s) is corruption more prevalent? ...... 46 Figure 49. Focus municipalities: In the past one year, did you come across a situation that municipal public officials conditioned performing their services by asking for bribes, gifts or other favors? ...... 48 Figure 50. New focus municipalities: In the past one year, did you come across a situation that municipal public officials conditioned performing their services by asking for bribes, gifts or other favors? ...... 49

List of Tables Table 1. Focus Municipalities: Prevalence of corruption in Institutions ...... 40 Table 2. New focus municipalities: Prevalence of corruption in Institutions ...... 41 Table 3. Focus Municipalities: Prevalence of corruption in municipal sectors ...... 42 Table 4. New focus municipalities: Prevalence of corruption in municipal sectors ...... 43 Table 5. Focus municipalities: In your opinion, who from local authorities is responsible for corruption in the public procurement process? ...... 47 Table 6. New focus municipalities: In your opinion, who from local authorities is responsible for corruption in the public procurement process? ...... 48

Executive Summary Citizens’ Perception Survey on Corruption and Transparency in Public Procurement was conducted with 3,013 citizens from 38 municipalities in Kosovo. This study aimed to assess the overall satisfaction regarding transparency and corruption in the public procurement process for year 2019. Additionally, the topic of transparency in this process was further elaborated through qualitative research methods, namely focus group discussions (five in total – one with business representatives, and four with Civil Society Organizations - CSOs), and in-depth interviews (30 in-depth interviews with business representatives).

Main Findings • According to surveyed citizens, unemployment is seen as the main problem in Kosovo, followed by poverty and corruption. • On a scale from 1 to 7, respondents trust their local government with an average of 3.76. • The majority of respondents (65%) reported being satisfied with municipal services in general. • The majority of the respondents are very/somewhat satisfied with the Municipal Mayor (63%), Municipal Assembly (56%), and Municipal Administration (68%). • The majority of surveyed citizens are very/somewhat satisfied with the implementation of public projects (68%), recruitment of municipal staff (62%), and management of municipal public finance (58%). • Survey results show that slightly more than one-third of respondents (39%) are informed about the work of their municipality. • Only 11 percent of the respondents are informed about the municipal budget in their municipalities. • The vast majority of respondents (87%) think that personal contacts and/or relationships are important to get things done when dealing with the public sector within their municipality. • Kosovo Police is considered as the least corrupt institution, with 16 percent of respondents stating that there is no corruption at all. On the contrary, courts are considered as the most corrupt, with 92 percent of respondents calming that corruption is present at least on a small scale. • According to respondents, the least corrupt sector/department within the municipality is the Mayor’s Office with 23 percent of respondents claiming that it is not corrupted at all. The most corrupt sectors/departments are considered inspectorate and procurement activities. • Survey results reveal that the main reason which leads to corruption is fast personal enrichment sought by people in power (30%).

• More than half of the respondents claim that there are no adequate mechanisms that monitor capital investments in their municipalities (63%) and mechanisms that sanction public procurement violations (56%). • Around 59 percent of respondents believe that both parties, local governance, and economic operators, are equally corrupted in the public procurement process. • Pre-tendering is perceived as the most corrupted stage during the procurement process with 70 percent of the respondents claiming that, followed by the tendering stage (58%). • One in two respondents (50%) believe that the perpetrators of corruption are not punished at all in Kosovo. • The vast majority of the respondents (93%) have not encountered a situation where municipal public officials have conditioned their services in return for bribes, gifts, or other favors.

USAID Transparent, Effective and Accountable Municipalities Activity Background Transparent, Effective and Accountable Municipalities activity in Kosovo is a five-year USAID-funded project (January 2017 – 2022) implemented by DAI. The project is designed to improve the procurement process in terms of fairness, transparency, and oversight by providing comprehensive assistance across 38 municipalities in Kosovo with special emphasis in five target municipalities through mentoring, training and coaching to increase transparency and accountability for public funds and expenditures. Since January 10, 2020, ten additional municipalities have been added to the list of focus municipalities.

The project commissioned UBO Consulting to conduct a survey assessing citizens’ satisfaction about transparency in the procurement process in all 38 municipalities in Kosovo as well as hold focus group discussions with business and CSO representatives for the same topic. The study methodology combines quantitative and qualitative analysis to assess the overall satisfaction of citizens, businesses, and CSOs with the level of transparency and accountability within local government and the procurement process. The quantitative part consists of the survey conducted with a representative sample of 3,013 citizens throughout Kosovo; whereas, the qualitative part consists of focus group discussions and in-depth interviews with local businesses and CSOs to discuss the matters of transparency in public procurement and the anti-corruption efforts by various stakeholders.

The findings from the survey, focus group discussions and in-depth interviews presented in this report will provide support to several targets of the project and will provide the scientific basis of intervention in terms of raising awareness and knowledge regarding the areas of interest.

Survey Methodology The Citizens Perception Survey was based on the principles of household survey methodology: interviewing persons through a face-to-face computer-assisted personal interviewing technique (CAPI) as well as through computer-assisted telephone interviews (CATI). Initially, the proposed methodology was to conduct all interviews through CAPI technique; however, that was impossible due to the situation created by COVID-19. Thus, the first two phases of interviews were conducted through CAPI technique, whereas interviews in the third phase were conducted through CATI technique. The number of interviews for each phase was as followed:

• Phase 1 (February 23rd – March 2nd) – 879 interviews – CAPI Technique, • Phase 2 (March 2nd – March 16th) – 1,083 interviews – CAPI Technique, and • Phase 3 (April 28th – May 11th) – 1,038 interviews – CATI Technique.

The principal objective of the survey was to provide up-to-date and accurate estimates of perception and knowledge of the general population of Kosovo

10 regarding municipal services and public procurement, as well as assess their satisfaction with the overall municipal work. A questionnaire consisting of close-ended questions was utilized as the survey instrument. The questionnaire covered the following areas:

• Access to procurement and budget data, • Corruption activities (bribe, nepotism, etc.), • Transparency of procurement activities, • Implementation of municipal projects, • Level of service delivery, and • Access to other information in municipalities. Sampling Plan The Citizens’ Perception Survey was conducted during February 23, 2020– May 11, 2020, with a nationally representative sample of citizens throughout 38 municipalities of Kosovo with a special focus on 15 municipalities, which were classified into two groups – focus municipalities1 and 10 new focus municipalities2.

The sampling frame for the population of each of the municipalities included in the study is defined from the Kosovo Census 2011 data.

In addition to providing statistically representative estimates at the national level, the sample was designed to derive representative estimates for:

• Each of the seven regions of Kosovo, • Each of the 38 municipalities of Kosovo, • The urban/rural proportion levels overall, • The proportion levels of both genders overall, and • The ethnic composition distribution levels for each municipality.

For this study, UBO Consulting conducted a total of 3,013 face-to-face interviews with a representative sample of randomly selected citizens of adult age (18+), with a balanced inclusion of all gender, ethnicities, and settlement areas (urban/rural) in each of the municipalities.

Upon completion of data collection and data cleaning, the survey dataset was weighted to correct for over and under-sampling of some municipalities, age and ethnicity. Sampling weights adjust the data (results) so that they are representative of the true population.

1 Focus Municipalities: Prishtinë/Priština, Gjilan/Gnjilane, Pejë/Peć, Gjakovë/Djakovica and Vushtrri/Vučitrn. 2 New focus municipalities Municipalities: Prizen/Prizren, Podujevë/Podujevo, Istog/Istok, Deçan/Dečane, Suharekë/Suva Reka, Rahovec/Orahovac, Lipjan/Lipljane, Ferizaj/Uroševac, Junik/Junik, Hani i Elezit/Elez Han.

Focus Group Discussion Methodology In order to assess the information of businesses’ and CSOs’ representatives about the corruption and transparency on public procurement, UBO Consulting was commissioned to conduct eight focus group discussions with representatives from the following municipalities: Pristina, Gjilan/Gnjilane, Vushtrri/Vučitrn, Prizren/Prizren, Suharekë/Suva Reka, Malishevë/Mališevo, Rahovec/Orahovac, Pejë/Peć, Gjakovë/Djakovica, Ferizaj/Uroševac, Kaçanik/Kačanik, Shtime/Štimlje, Lipjan/Lipljane, and Viti/Vitina. The main purpose of this part of the research was to collect qualitative data on information on municipal budget, procurement plan, capital projects, perception on municipal corruption, perception on municipal procurement corruption, E-procurement platform, corruption experiences/practices in municipal procurement, monitoring of the municipal projects by municipality and CSOs, and municipal transparency about procurement activities.

On 12 March 2020, UBO Consulting conducted two focus group sessions. The discussions were held in the Municipality of Pristina, targeting the following groups: business representatives from Pristina, Gjilan/Gnjilane, Vushtrri/Vučitrn and CSO representatives from Pristina, Gjilan/Gnjilane, and Vushtrri/ Vučitrn.

Unfortunately, due to the situation created by COVID-19 pandemic, the project had a cessation of activities from mid-March until the end of April, interrupting the study only after the completion of the first two focus groups. Seeing that the COVID-19 pandemic continued to pose a health risk to all, upon the approval by USAID TEAM project, UBO Consulting continued implementing the research, with an adaptation of the techniques.

More specifically, the research was adapted to in-depth interviews and online focus group discussions. Business representatives were interviewed through in-depth interviews via phone. In addition, meetings with representatives of CSOs have also been carried out through Zoom platform, which allowed to develop video and audio discussions, conferences, and meetings online.

For this assignment, UBO Consulting agency assisted the USAID TEAM project with technical advice and assistance in designing, developing and administering focus group discussions. Namely, the agency’s major tasks included:

• Preparing the research instruments (focus group guideline), • Proposing the data collection methods and procedures, • Recruiting the focus group participants, • Managing the logistics for organizing each focus group, including the provision of a venue, • Providing experienced facilitator(s) with strong communication and analytical skills, • Taking notes during the discussions – both handwritten and recorded,

• Conducting an in-depth analysis of the focus group data, and • Drafting a general report.

In total, UBO Consulting conducted five focus group sessions and 30 in-depth interviews. The discussions were held on from 12 March 2020 until 6 May 2020, while the interviews were conducted through the period of April 2020 - May 2020. All in- depth interviews were conducted with business representatives from different regions in Kosovo. From five focus group discussions, one was held with business representatives, whereas four were held with CSOs. Two focus group were held as roundtable discussions, one with business representatives and the other with CSOs, both from Pristina, Vushtrri/Vučitrn and Gjilan/Gnjilane. Due to the situation created from COVID-19, the three other focus group discussions with CSOs from Prizren/Prizren, Suharekë/Suva Reka, Malishevë/Mališevo, Rahovec/Orahovac, Pejë/Peć, Gjakovë/Djakovica, Ferizaj/Uroševac, Shtime/ Štimlje and Lipjan/Lipljane, were held through Zoom platform.

The entities covered businesses that have been biding in local government projects in the last two years and businesses that have never worked in any local government project. CSOs’ representatives were selected based on their experience in activities for transparency and monitoring procurement activities at the local government. Participants included in the study were asked about their level of information on municipal budget, procurement plan, and capital projects. Following this topic, they were also asked on their perception on municipal and procurement corruption, opinions on E-procurement platform, corruption experiences/practices in municipal procurement, monitoring of the municipal projects by municipality and CSOs, and municipal transparency about procurement activities.

No. of In-depth No. of FGDs with No. of FGDs Covered Municipalities interviews with Businesses with CSOs Businesses Pristina, 1(Roundtable Vushtrri/Vučitrn 1 / Discussion) Gjilan/Gnjilane Prizren/Prizren, Suharekë/Suva 1(Zoom Reka, Malishevë/Mališevo, / 10 Platform) Rahovec/Orahovac

Pejë/ Peć, Gjakovë/Djakovica 1(Zoom / 10 Platform)

Ferizaj/Uroševac, Shtime/Štimlje, 1(Zoom Lipjan/Lipljane / 10 Platform)

Survey Results Section A: General Questions This part of the report presents the findings from the survey conducted with 3,013 citizens across 38 municipalities of Kosovo, which show their overall perception of transparency and corruption in the procurement process in their municipality.

This section among others will provide a general overview of the most important problems in Kosovo as well as the level of trust, information, and satisfaction that citizens have regarding the work of their municipalities. Respondents were first asked about the three most important problems in their municipality. In 84 percent of the cases, they chose unemployment as the main problem, followed by poverty (43%) and corruption (36%).

Unemployment 84%

Poverty/Low standard of living 43%

Corruption 36%

Poor healthcare sercives 27%

Road Infrastructure 22%

Poor water supply 19%

Employment in the informal market/economy 13% Poor quality education at preschool, elementary 12% and secondary level

Poor function of rubbish collection service 9%

Crime 8%

Poor transport services 7%

Dysfunctional municipal administration 4%

Ilegal construction 3%

Other 8%

Don't know 1%

Figure 1. What are the three most important problems that you are facing as a citizen in your municipality?

Moreover, citizens in 38 municipalities of Kosovo were asked about their trust in their local government. On a scale from 1 to 7, with 1 being the lowest and 7 being the highest, results show an average of 3.76 towards the trust in their local government.

3.76

0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00

Figure 2. Can you please tell me, how much do you trust your local government on a scale of 1 – 7 (where 1 is the lowest and 7 is the highest score)?

When asked whether they are satisfied with municipal services in general, 65 percent of the respondents reported to being very and somewhat satisfied, compared to 35 percent of them who are very and somewhat satisfied.

54%

24%

11% 11% 1%

Very satisfied Somewhat satisfied Somewhat Very dissatisfied Don't know dissatisfied

Figure 3. Can you please tell me, how satisfied are you with the municipal services in general?

Respondents were further asked to show their satisfaction with the work of the Municipal Mayor, Municipal assembly, and Municipal administration since the last municipal elections. The majority of respondents stated that they are very/somewhat satisfied with the work of their Mayor of the municipality, as compared to 37 percent who are very/somewhat dissatisfied. Besides, more than half of the surveyed citizens across 38 municipalities of Kosovo (56%) are very/somewhat satisfied with the work of the municipal assembly, whereas 42 percent are not. Lastly, the majority of respondents (68%) are satisfied with the work of their municipal administration, as compared to almost a third of them (31%) who are not.

Municipal Mayor 63% 37% 1%

Municipal Assembly 56% 42% 2%

Municipal Administration 68% 31% 1%

Very/Somewhat satisfied Very/Somewhat dissatisfied Don't know/Refuse

Figure 4. How satisfied are you with the work of the following?

Additionally, surveyed citizens expressed their perception about some aspects of municipal administration such as the implementation of public projects, recruitment of municipal staff, and management of municipal public finance. Sixty-eight percent of surveyed citizens are satisfied with the municipality's work in the implementation of public projects. A slightly lower number of respondents (62%) are satisfied with the recruitment of staff administration and 58 percent are satisfied with the management of municipal public finance.

Implementation of public projects 68% 30% 2%

Recruitment of municipal staff 62% 34% 4%

Management of municipal public finance 58% 38% 4%

Very/Somewhat satisfied Very/Somewhat dissatisfied Don't know/Refuse

Figure 5. Tell me, to what extent are you satisfied with the following aspects of Municipal Administration?

Citizens were further asked about the extent of being informed about their municipality’s work in general. The results show that 59 percent of respondents feel very/somewhat uninformed about the work of their municipality, as compared to 39 percent who feel very/somewhat informed.

59%

39%

Very/Somewhat informed Very/Somewhat uninformed Don't know/Refuse

Figure 6. How informed do you feel about your municipality’s work in general?

The survey assessed the citizens’ knowledge about different municipal reports and activities by asking them how informed they are about Mayor’s Report, procurement plans and activities, Municipal Financial and Budget Expenditure Report, its regulations, plans and decisions. Survey results reveal that almost one-third of respondents (29%) are informed about the Mayor's report, followed by 26 percent who are informed about municipal decisions and 23 percent who are informed about municipal public investment reports. Fewer respondents (19%) are informed about the procurement plan and procurement activities.

Municipal decisions 26% 71% 2%

Municipal regulations and plans 22% 76% 2%

Municipal Public Investments Reports 23% 76% 1%

Municipal Financial Reports 21% 77% 2%

Municipal Public Expenditures Reports 22% 76% 2%

Procurement activities 19% 79% 2%

Procurement plan 19% 79% 2%

NAO report 21% 77% 1%

Mayors report’s 29% 70% 1%

Very/Somewhat informed Very/Somewhat uninformed Don't know/Refuse

Figure 7. How informed are you about the publication of the following municipal documents/reports? Section B: Municipal Transparency and Accountability The following section presents the findings on municipal transparency and accountability as they are among the most important principles of good governance. In this context, citizens were mainly asked about their level of information and satisfaction about municipal decisions and work, as well as their civic engagement.

Survey results show that when asked whether they are informed about the municipal budget in their municipality, the majority of respondents (88%) stated that they are not, as compared to 11 percent who are.

88%

11%

Yes No Refuse to answer

Figure 8. Are you informed about the municipal budget in your municipality for this year?

The majority of respondents (73%) are not aware of capital projects (construction of roads, public/street lighting, construction of schools/kindergartens, healthcare facilities as well as green spaces/parks) planned for this year, whereas slightly more than one-quarter of respondents (26%) are aware of such projects.

73%

26%

Yes No Refuse to answer

Figure 9. Are you aware of capital projects planned year?

More than half of the respondents (58%) are not aware of capital projects that have been implemented in their municipalities during the last four years, as compared to 41 percent of those who are.

58%

41%

Yes No Refuse to answer

Figure 10. Are you aware of capital projects implemented in your municipality last year?

The share of respondents who stated that they are informed about the capital projects implemented in the last four years (41%) were further asked to assess the level of satisfaction with the quality of these projects. The majority of them (72%) reported being very/somewhat satisfied with the quality of such projects, whereas 27 percent stated that they are very/somewhat unsatisfied.

60%

20% 12% 7% 1%

Very satisfied Somewhat satisfied Somewhat Very unsatisfied Don't know unsatisfied

Figure 11. How satisfied are you with the quality of the capital investments in your municipality?

Further, respondents that reported to be unsatisfied with the quality of capital investments that were implemented in their municipality in the last four years (27%) were asked about the reasons for the poor quality of the projects. Slightly more than a quarter of these respondents think that the cause is the poor quality of the work provided by companies (27%) and corruption practices such as bribes, fraud, and nepotism (26%). Around 18 percent blame the lack of monitoring mechanisms by the municipality for the poor quality, whereas 12 percent think that there is a lack of professional skills of the municipal officials.

Poor quality of the work provided by companies 27%

Corruption practices (bribes, fraud, nepotism) 26%

Lack of monitoring mechanism by municipality 18%

Lack of professional skills of the municipal officials 12%

Lack of budget 7%

Lack of community involvement in designing and 6% monitoring of the projects

Other 4%

Figure 12. If not satisfied, what do you believe is a cause of the poor quality of the infrastructure projects implemented?

Citizens were then asked about their civic engagement, which is indicated by participating in different municipal meetings, debates, budget hearing, petitions, and other processes of local decision-making. In general, a low share of people reported having been involved in the above-mentioned activities. One in ten participants have attended a public debate (10%) and have signed a petition (11%). Around eight percent have attended a municipal public meeting. A significantly lower share of people has participated in the process of identifying priorities (3%), participated in public meetings related to capital investments (3%), and have been involved in monitoring the implementation of capital investments (2%).

Attended a municipal public meeting 8% 89% 3%

Attended a public debate 10% 88% 2%

Attended a budget hearing 5% 92% 4%

Attended a participatory planning meeting at community level 4% 94% 2%

Signed a petition 11% 87% 2%

Participated in process of identifying priorities 3% 95% 2%

Participated in public meeting related to a capital investment 3% 94% 3% project design Been involved in monitoring the implementation of capital 2% 95% 3% investments

Yes No Don't know/Refuse

Figure 13. Over the past year, have you…?

To get a better understanding of the perceptions of citizens about their municipalities, the survey asked them to share their opinions on different subjects such as the usage

20 of public funds, their misappropriation, the tradition of bribes, and the civil service staff in general.

Around 45 percent of the surveyed citizens believe that there are clear procedures and accountability governing the allocation and use of public funds in their local government. Further, more than half of the respondents (58%) think that public funds are misappropriated by directors/public officials whereas 54 percent think that there is a tradition of payment of bribes to gain favors.

Are there clear procedures and accountability governing 45% 45% 10% the allocation and use of public

Are public funds misappropriated by directors/public 58% 35% 7% officials?

Is there a tradition of a payment of bribes to gain favors? 54% 39% 7%

Yes No Don't know/Refuse

Figure 14. Please tell me, what is your opinion on the following matters regarding the usage of public funds and the civil service staff in general in your local government?

The majority of respondents (88%) stated that citizens should have access to municipal contracts, including the amount and who got the contracts, as compared to 10 percent who think that they should not, and two percent who do not have an opinion on this matter. Additionally, 90 percent of surveyed citizens believe that they should have access to municipal budgets, financial statements, and budget expenditures and 87 percent think that they should have access to transcripts of public meetings.

Transcripts of public meetings: Mayors and Assembly 87% 11% 2%

Municipal budgets, financial statements and budget 90% 8% expenditures 2%

To municipal contracts, including the amount and who got 88% 10% the contracts 2%

Definitely/Probably should Definitely/Probably should not Don't know/Refuse

Figure 15. Do you think citizens should or should not have access to…?

Citizens in 38 municipalities of Kosovo were asked whether they think that public authorities in their municipality withhold important information that concerns the general public (taxpayers) relating to public expenditures. One in four respondents (25%) stated that public authorities often withhold such information. Around 39 percent stated that public authorities sometimes withhold information whereas 23 percent think that they seldom do so, followed by nine percent of the surveyed respondents who believe that public authorities never withhold information that concerns the general public relating to public expenditures.

39%

25% 23%

9% 4%

Often Sometimes Seldom Never Don't know/Refuse

Figure 16. Do you feel that the public authorities in your municipality withhold important information that concerns the general public (taxpayers) relating to public expenditures, i.e. allocation of public funds?

Section C: Corruption in Local Government The following section presents the results on the perception of citizens about corruption in local government, tackling issues such as how important personal contacts and/or relationships are to get things done, to what extent corruption is prevalent in specific sectors/departments, and the most important reasons for individuals to get engaged in corruption practices.

Respondents were asked to rate the importance of personal contacts and/or relationships to get things done when dealing with the public sector within their municipality. A significant portion of them (39%) believes that personal contacts are important to get things done within their municipality. The share of surveyed citizens who believe that such contacts are very important (25%) and slightly important (23%) is almost equal, whereas only ten percent of respondents think that personal contacts are not important at all to get things done in the public sector within their municipalities.

39%

23% 25%

10%

2% 1%

Not important Slightly Important Very important Don't know Refuse to at all important answer

Figure 17. In your dealings with the public sector within your municipality, how important are personal contacts and/or relationships to get things done?

There was a variety of opinions among citizens concerning the presence of corruption in different institutions. Kosovo Police is considered as the least corrupt institution, with 16 percent of respondents stating that there is no corruption at all, followed by 11 percent who claim the same about hospitals and municipal government. Regarding its presence in courts, the vast majority of respondents (92%) think that there is corruption (at least on a small scale), as compared to four percent who think that corruption is not present at all in such an institution. Around 88 percent of respondents think that there is corruption in public universities, as compared to seven percent who think that it is not present at all. In addition, 87 percent of surveyed citizens stated that corruption is present in Central Government Administration (Ministries), whereas seven percent stated that there is no corruption in these institutions.

Courts 4% 24% 42% 26% 4%

Public universities 7% 31% 38% 19% 5%

Municipal Government (Local) 11% 31% 34% 19% 5%

Central Government Administration (Ministries) 7% 26% 37% 24% 6%

Kosovo Police 16% 36% 31% 14% 4%

Hospitals 11% 29% 33% 23% 4%

Not present at all Present on a small scale Present on a medium scale Present on a large scale Don't know/Refuse

Figure 18. In your opinion, if corruption exists, to what extent is it prevalent in the following institutions?

Respondents were further asked to what extent is corruption prevalent in different sectors/departments within the local government. In general, the majority of respondents claimed that corruption is present in all of the following

23 sectors/departments at least on a small scale. According to survey respondents, the least corrupted sector/department is the Mayor’s Office with 23 percent of respondents claiming that it is not corrupted at all, followed by 20 percent of those who state the same about public services and administration. The same share of respondents (17%) think that the sectors of education and cadaster are not corrupted at all, compared to 83 percent of those who think that they are corrupted at least on a small scale. From the respondents who claimed corruption is prevalent at least on a small scale, the most frequently chosen sectors/departments which are affected by corruption were inspectorate (83%), implementation of capital investment projects (82%), and finance (82%).

Mayor's Office 23% 72% 5% Implementation of capital investment projects 13% 82% 4% (procurement activities) Public services 20% 76% 4%

Education 17% 80% 4%

Cadastre 17% 78% 5%

Urbanism 15% 81% 5%

Inspectorate 13% 83% 4%

Administration 20% 75% 5%

Finance 14% 82% 5%

Not present at all Present at least on a small scale Don't know/Refuse

Figure 19. Presence and prevalence of corruption in different sectors within municipality?

To understand how opinions and beliefs about the extent of the presence of corruption are shaped, citizens were asked on what they based their evaluations about corruption. For the majority of respondents, such evaluations are based on the information that is released through media (74%) and discussions that they have with their relatives and friends (69%). A smaller share of the respondents (12%) claimed to have shaped such evaluations based on personal experience such as being in a situation exposed to corruptive practices.

Information through media 74%

Talks with relatives and friends 69%

Personal experience (to get a service, I was 12% asked for money, a gift, etc.)

Don't know 2%

Refuse to answer 1%

Figure 20. Your evaluations about the extent of presence of corruption within your municipal (local) government are based on …?

The most important reason for the presence of corruption in municipalities of Kosovo, as reported by 30 percent of the respondents of the survey, is fast personal enrichment sought by people in power, followed by the inefficiency of the judicial system (20%). A smaller share of the respondents believes that corruption occurs due to lack of strict administrative control (9%), low salaries of the officials in the public sector (8%), lack of accountability (7%), and due to the interference between personal and office duties of the officials (7%).

Fast personal enrichment sought by people in 30% power Inefficiency of the judicial system 20%

Lack of strict administrative control 9%

Low salaries of the officials in the public sector 8%

Lack of accountability 7% Office duties interfering with personal interests of the 7% officials Moral crisis in the post-conflict period 6%

Imperfect legislation 6%

Lack of sanctions for violation 4%

Other 2%

Don't know 2%

Refuse to answer 1%

Figure 21. What do you think is the most important reason for corruption in your municipality (local government)?

Moreover, one a scale from 1 to 7, with 1 being very unlikely and 7 being very likely, citizens were asked to rate the likelihood of the media exposing corruption carried out in their municipalities by a public employee or politician. With an average score of 3.46, the results show that respondents are less likely to think that corruptive practices by a public employee or politician are to be exposed by the mass media.

3.46

0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00

Figure 22. In your opinion, if corruption by a public employee or politician were to occur in your area, how likely is it that such corruption would be exposed by the mass media? Section D: Public Procurement Practices This section of the report presents the survey findings on citizens’ opinions about public procurement practices in their municipality, the role of different local government bodies and agencies, satisfaction with capital investments, evaluation of the level of corruption, and other relevant issues.

Respondents were asked if they are familiar with certain executive bodies, public institutions, and organizations that regulate or address procurement-related issues/corruption cases. As presented in the graph below, the majority of respondents reported to not be familiar with such institutions and agencies. Among other institutions, respondents reported being more familiar with the Anti-Corruption Agency (32%), followed by the Municipal Procurement Office (12%) and the National Audit Office (NAO) (12%).

Municipal Internal Audit Office 10% 86% 4%

Municipal Procurement Office 12% 84% 3%

National Audit Office (NAO) 12% 84% 4%

Anti-Corruption Agency (ACA) 32% 65% 3%

Procurement Review Body (PRB) 9% 88% 3%

Public Procurement Regulatory Commission (PPRC) 8% 88% 4%

Yes No Don't know/Refuse

Figure 23. Are you familiar with executive bodies, public institutions and organizations who regulate or address procurement related issues/ corruption cases?

Surveyed citizens across 38 municipalities of Kosovo were also asked whether there are adequate mechanisms for monitoring capital investments during the

26 implementation of public procurement activities (construction of roads, schools, parks, and other projects). According to survey results, more than half of the respondents (63%) believe that there are no adequate mechanisms for monitoring capital investment in their municipality, whereas 31 percent of respondents claim that such mechanisms exist.

63%

31%

Yes No Don't know/Refuse

Figure 24. In your opinion, are there adequate mechanisms for the monitoring of capital investments in your neighborhood (implementation of public procurement activities: roads, schools, parks, etc.) and the detection of misconduct in public procurement?

Similar to mechanisms for monitoring capital investment, respondents share almost the same belief about the mechanisms for sanctioning public procurement violations. More than half of respondents (56%) claimed that there are no adequate mechanisms to sanction or address public procurement violations, as compared to 37 percent of those who believe that there are such adequate mechanisms.

56%

37%

Yes No Don't know/Refuse

Figure 25. In your opinion, are there adequate mechanisms for the sanctioning or addressing of misconduct in public procurement?

Having to choose between local governance and economic operators, surveyed citizens were asked to identify which side is more corrupt in the process of public procurement. More than half of respondents (59%) believe that both are equally corrupted in the public procurement process. However, the share of respondents who

27 believe that economic operators are more corrupt (14%) is slightly lower than of those who think that local governance is a more corrupted side (21%).

Local governance 21%

Economic Operators (Businesses) 14%

Both sides alike 59%

Don't know/Refuse 6%

Figure 26. In your opinion, which side is more corrupt in the process of public procurement in your municipality?

Additionally, the first two phases of procurement, pre-tendering (70%) and tendering (58%), were considered as the most corrupted stages during the procurement process. A smaller share of respondents (32%) believes that corruption is more prevalent in the post-tendering phase.

Pre-tender (development of technical specifications / 70% design)

Tender (criteria and evaluation) 58%

Post-tendering (implementation of project-supervision) 32%

Other 1%

Don't know/Refuse 6%

Figure 27. In your opinion, in which of the procurement phase(s) is corruption more prevalent?

In general, all local authorities were held responsible for corruption in the public procurement process. More specifically, Municipal Directors were listed as the most responsible body for corruptive practices by more than half of respondents (57%). However, purchasing officers (55%) and mayors (54%) are listed not too far below from municipal directors, followed by inspectorate (49%) and contract managers (48%).

Municipal Directors 57%

Purchasing officers 55%

Mayors 54%

Inspectorate 49%

Contract Managers 48%

Other 1%

Don't know/Refuse 3%

Figure 28. In your opinion, who from local authorities is responsible for corruption in the public procurement process (implementation of projects: roads, schools, parks, etc.)?

Surveyed citizens were asked to express their perceptions of whether the perpetrators of corruption are adequately punished in Kosovo or not. As presented in the figure below, one in two respondents (50%) believes that perpetrators are not punished at all. Moreover, one in three respondents (34%) claimed that the punishments are too lenient. Only seven percent of surveyed citizens believe that the perpetrators of corruption are adequately punished, and only five percent think that the punishments are too harsh.

Yes 7%

Punishments are too lenient 34%

Punishments are too harsh 5%

Not punished at all 50%

Don't know/Refuse 4%

Figure 29. Do you believe that perpetrators of corruption are adequately punished in your municipality?

Considering the number of surveyed citizens that think that corruption is prevalent in Kosovo, they were also asked if they have encountered any situation where municipal public officials have conditioned their services in return for bribes, gifts, or other favors. The vast majority of respondents (93%) claimed that they have not been asked for bribes, while only four percent of them reported being in such situations.

93%

4% 3%

Yes No Don't know/Refuse

Figure 30. In the past year, did you come across a situation that municipal public officials conditioned performing their services by asking for bribes, gifts or other favors?

Those respondents who reported to being asked for bribes, gifts, or other favors, were also asked whether they did give them to municipal officials. Out of these respondents, 67 percent of them reported that they did not do it, while 31 percent of them stated that they have given bribes to municipal officials. Two percent of respondents refused to answer this question.

67%

31%

Yes No Don't know/Refuse

Figure 31. Did you give bribes, gifts or other favors to municipal officials for the services provided?

The same group of respondents was asked to mention the institutions that conditioned such corruption practices. Out of all respondents that have given bribes, gifts, or other favors to municipal officials, ten of them mentioned public services as the institution in which they were conditioned, followed by urbanism (seven respondents) and education (six respondents).

Public Services 10

Urbanism 7

Education 6

Administrative services 5

Inspectorate 4

Cadastre 4 Procurement (tenders, evaluations, project implementation) 3 Employment (Human Resources Office) 2

Finance 1

Other 4

Don't know/Refuse 6

Figure 32. Could you please state the institution where you were conditioned to give bribes, gifts or other favors to receive a service from municipality?

Comparison of Survey Results throughout Municipalities This part of the report includes comparisons of some questions from the survey between all municipalities of focus (five main focus municipalities and ten new focus municipalities). The figures below present the findings for each of the municipalities of focus, grouping the responses, into satisfied (very and somewhat satisfied), dissatisfied (very and somewhat dissatisfied) and don’t know/refuse. The first graph for each question will present the findings for the five focus municipalities (Pristina, Gjilan/Gnjilane, Pejë/Peć, Gjakovë/Djakovica, and Vushtrri/Vučitrn), whereas the second graph will present the findings for the ten new focus municipalities (Prizren/Prizren, Podujevë/Podujevo, Istog/Istok, Deçan/Dečane, Suharekë/Suva Reka, Rahovec/Orahovac, Lipjan/Lipljane, Ferizaj/Uroševac, Junik/Junik, and Hani i Elezit/Elez Han).

In general, surveyed citizens from all focus municipalities report being satisfied with municipal services. Out of these municipalities, respondents from Pejë/ Peć (81%) claim to be the most satisfied with municipal services in general. Around 60 percent of surveyed citizens from Vushtrri/ Vučitrn and Pristina stated that they are satisfied with such services, followed by Gjilan/Gnjilane (58%). Thirty-seven percent of respondents from Gjakovë/Djakovica reported being satisfied with municipal services, as compared to 63 percent who are dissatisfied.

Prishtinë/Priština 60% 39% 1%

Gjilan/Gnjilane 58% 41% 1%

Pejë/Peć 81% 19%

Gjakovë/Djakovica 37% 63%

Vushtrri/Vučitrn 61% 38% 2%

Very/Somewhat satisfied Very/Somewhat dissatisfied Don't know/Refuse

Figure 33. Focus municipalities: How satisfied are you with the municipal services in general?

When looking at the second-tier focus municipalities, the majority of surveyed citizens from Lipjan/Lipljane, Hani i Elezit/Elez Han, and Prizren/Prizren (85% for the three) are satisfied with their municipal services. On the contrary, 67 percent of respondents from Deçan/Dečane and 54 percent from Suharekë/Suva Reka are very/somewhat dissatisfied with the municipal services.

Prizren/Prizren 85% 14%

Podujevë/Podujevo 53% 45%

Istog/Istok 52% 48%

Decan/Dečane 33% 67%

Suharekë/Suva Reka 46% 54%

Rahovec/Orahovac 56% 44%

Lipjan/Lipljane 85% 15%

Ferizaj/Uroševac 66% 33%

Junik/Junik 78% 23%

Hani i Elezit/Elez Han 85% 15%

Very/Somewhat satisfied Very/Somewhat dissatisfied Don't know/Refuse

Figure 34. New focus municipalities: How satisfied are you with the municipal services in general?

Citizens’ information on the municipality’s work Survey results from the municipalities of focus reveal that slightly more than half of the surveyed citizens from Vushtrri/Vučitrn (52%), and almost half of them from Pristina (49%) are very/somewhat informed about the work of their municipality. Respondents of Pejë/Peć and Gjilan/Gnjilane reported being less informed with 29 and 26 percent, respectively.

Prishtinë/Priština 49% 47% 4%

Gjilan/Gnjilane 26% 74%

Pejë/Peć 29% 70%

Gjakovë/Djakovica 36% 64%

Vushtrri/Vučitrn 52% 46% 2%

Very/Somewhat informed Very/Somewhat uninformed Don't know/Refuse

Figure 35. Focus municipalities: How informed are about your municipality's work?

More than half of surveyed citizens from Rahovec/Orahovac (57%), Lipjan/Lipljane (57%) and Prizren/Prizren (52%) said they were very/somewhat informed. On the contrary, the majority of respondents from other new focus municipalities are somewhat not/not at all informed, specifically, surveyed citizens of Hani i Elezit/Elez Han (88%) and Junik/Junik (83%).

Prizren/Prizren 52% 48%

Podujevë/Podujevo 48% 52%

Istog/Istok 21% 79%

Decan/Dečane 40% 60%

Suharekë/Suva Reka 36% 64%

Rahovec/Orahovac 57% 43%

Lipjan/Lipljane 57% 42% 1%

Ferizaj/Uroševac 44% 56%

Junik/Junik 18% 83%

Hani i Elezit/Elez Han 13% 88%

Very/Somewhat informed Very/Somewhat uninformed Don't know/Refuse

Figure 36. New focus municipalities: How informed are about your municipality's work?

Citizen’s information on the municipal budget for this year The overwhelming majority of respondents from all focus municipalities answered negatively when asked whether they are aware of the municipal budget for this year. Around 15 percent of surveyed citizens in Pejë/Peć are aware of the municipal budget for this year, followed by 14 percent of respondents in Gjilan/Gnjilane. One in ten people from Pejë/Peć and Pristina are aware of this year's municipality budget.

Prishtinë/Priština 11% 86% 3%

Gjilan/Gnjilane 14% 86%

Pejë/Peć 10% 90%

Gjakovë/Djakovica 15% 85%

Vushtrri/Vučitrn 8% 91% 1%

Yes No Refuse to answer

Figure 37. Focus municipalities: Are you informed about the municipal budget for this year?

Looking at the new focus municipalities, respondents from Rahovec/Orahovac (29%) and Istog/Istok (13%) said they were more aware of the municipal budget for this year, compared to only three percent of respondents from Suharekë/Suva Reka, five percent from Junik/Junik, seven percent of Hani i Elezit/Elez Han, and seven percent of Lipjan/Lipljane stating the same.

Prizren/Prizren 10% 90%

Podujevë/Podujevo 11% 89%

Istog/Istok 13% 87%

Decan/Dečane 11% 89%

Suharekë/Suva Reka 3% 97%

Rahovec/Orahovac 29% 71%

Lipjan/Lipljane 7% 93%

Ferizaj/Uroševac 11% 88% 1%

Junik/Junik 5% 95%

Hani i Elezit/Elez Han 5% 95%

Yes No Refuse to answer

Figure 38. New focus municipalities: Are you informed about the municipal budget for the year?

Citizens’ satisfaction with the quality of implemented projects in the last four years Further in the topic of capital projects, respondents had to report their satisfaction regarding the quality of such projects. The vast majority of respondents from Pejë/Peć (92%) are very/somewhat satisfied, followed by surveyed citizens from Gjakovë/Djakovica (71%) and Gjilan/Gnjilane (63%) who reported the same. Around half of respondents from Vushtrri/Vučitrn (51%) and Pristina (48%) are satisfied with the quality of capital investments in their municipality.

Prishtinë/Priština 48% 50% 2%

Gjilan/Gnjilane 63% 31% 6%

Pejë/Peć 92% 8%

Gjakovë/Djakovica 71% 29%

Vushtrri/Vučitrn 51% 47% 2%

Very/Somewhat satisfied Very/Somewhat dissatisfied Don't know/Refuse

Figure 39. Focus municipalities: How satisfied are you with the quality of implemented projects in the last four years?

When observing the results from the new focus municipalities, most citizens from Istog/Istok (61%) and Rahovec/Orahovac (56%) said they were somewhat/very dissatisfied with the quality of capital projects in their municipality. However, the majority of respondents from other municipalities from this group state the opposite.

Data from the survey shows that all respondents from Hani i Elezit/Elez Han (100%) and the majority of Lipjan/Lipljane (95%) and Prizren/Prizren (92%) respondents are very/somewhat satisfied with the quality of such projects.

Prizren/Prizren 92% 8%

Podujevë/Podujevo 78% 22%

Istog/Istok 39% 61%

Decan/Dečane 65% 35%

Suharekë/Suva Reka 76% 24%

Rahovec/Orahovac 44% 56%

Lipjan/Lipljane 95% 5%

Ferizaj/Uroševac 75% 25%

Junik/Junik 68% 33%

Hani i Elezit/Elez Han 100% 0%

Very/Somewhat satisfied Very/Somewhat dissatisfied Don't know/Refuse

Figure 40. New focus municipalities: How satisfied are you with the quality of implemented projects in the last four years?

Citizens’ opinions about local government transparency and accountability One in two surveyed citizens in Gjilan/Gnjilane (50%) stated that there are clear procedures and accountability in the allocation and use of public funds, followed by 35 percent of respondents in Pejë/ Peć and Vushtrri/Vučitrn, and 32 percent of those in Pristina and Gjakovë/Djakovica. A higher number of respondents in Vushtrri/Vučitrn (66%), Gjilan/Gnjilane (65%), Pristina (51%), and Gjakovë/Djakovica (50%) think that public funds are misappropriated by directors/public officials. Fewer respondents in the Municipality of Pejë/ Peć think the same (39%). Additionally, the majority of respondents in Vushtrri/Vučitrn (67%) and Pristina (58%) think that there is a tradition of payment of bribes to gain favors from municipal officials. Less than half of the surveyed respondents in Pejë/Peć (47%) and Gjilan/Gnjilane (42%) think the same.

32% Prishtinë/Priština 51% 58%

50% Gjilan/Gnjilane 65% 42%

35% Pejë/Peć 39% 47%

32% Gjakovë/Djakovica 50% 55%

35% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 66% 67%

There are clear procedures and accountability governing the allocation and use of public funds Public funds misappropriated by directors/public officials

There is a tradition of a payment of bribes to gain favors

Figure 41. Focus municipalities: Please tell me, what is your opinion on the following matters regarding the usage of public funds and the civil service staff in general in your local government?

When looking at the new focus municipalities, the vast majority of surveyed citizens from Hani i Elezit/Elez Han (93%) state that there are clear procedures and accountability in the allocation and use of public funds in their local government. Additionally, most surveyed citizens from Istog/Istok (65%), Junik/Junik (65%), Ferizaj/Uroševac (55%), Podujevë/Podujevo (54%), and Lipjan/Lipljane (64%) state the same. However, the majority of respondents from Suharekë/Suva Reka (84%), Rahovec/Orahovac (77%), Deçan/Dečane (63%), and Prizren/Prizren (48%) say the contrary.

Furthermore, the majority of surveyed citizens from municipalities of the second-tier group believe that public funds are misappropriated by directors/public officials in their municipality. For instance, most respondents from Rahovec/Orahovac (81%), Suharekë/Suva Reka (74%), Hani i Elezit/Elez Han (73%), and Prizren/Prizren (72%) say so. Yet, more respondents from Junik/Junik (48%) and Lipjan/Lipljane (37%) claim that the public funds are not misappropriated.

The majority of surveyed citizens in Rahovec/Orahovac (80%), Prizren/Prizren and Istog/Istok (76%), Podujevë/Podujevo (70%), Ferizaj/Uroševac (63%), and Lipjan/Lipljane (62%) claim that there is a tradition of payment of bribes to gain favors in their municipality. Only 18 percent of surveyed citizens from Hani i Elezit/Elez Han and 17 percent of respondents from Suharekë/Suva Reka state the same.

45% Prizren/Prizren 72% 76%

54% Podujevë/Podujevo 70% 70%

65% Istog/Istok 67% 76%

35% Decan/Dečane 70% 40%

9% Suharekë/Suva Reka 74% 17%

22% Rahovec/Orahovac 81% 80%

54% Lipjan/Lipljane 60% 62%

55% Ferizaj/Uroševac 63% 63%

60% Junik/Junik 48% 35%

93% Hani i Elezit/Elez Han 73% 18%

There are clear procedures and accountability governing the allocation and use of public funds Public funds misappropriated by directors/public officials

There is a tradition of a payment of bribes to gain favors

Figure 42. New focus municipalities: Please tell me, what is your opinion on the following matters regarding the usage of public funds and the civil service staff in general in your local government?

Citizens’ perceptions on the importance of personal contacts/relationships within their municipality Surveyed citizens from all municipalities were asked to rate the importance of personal contacts and/or relationships to get things done when dealing with the public sector within their municipality. In general, respondents of municipalities of focus believe that it is important to have personal contacts when dealing with the public sector. Almost all surveyed citizens from Gjakovë/Djakovica(97%), Gjilan/Gnjilane (95%), Pejë/Peć (95%), and Vushtrri/Vučitrn (94%) think that personal contacts are important, compared to a smaller share of people in the Municipality of Pristina who think the same (81%).

Prishtinë/Priština 11% 81% 8%

Gjilan/Gnjilane 4% 95% 1%

Pejë/Peć 3% 95%

Gjakovë/Djakovica 3% 97%

Vushtrri/Vučitrn 3% 94% 4%

Not important Important Don't know/Refuse

Figure 43. Focus municipalities: How important are personal contacts/relationships within your municipality?

As for the new focus municipalities, one in four people in Ferizaj/Uroševac (25%) thinks that personal contacts or relationships are not important when dealing with the public sector in their municipality. Additionally, 23 percent of respondents from Junik/Junik and 21 percent of those is Prizren/Prizren think that personal contacts are not important. On the contrary, all surveyed citizens from Hani i Elezit/Elez Han think that personal contacts and/or relationships are important when dealing with the public sector.

Prizren/Prizren 21% 79%

Podujevë/Podujevo 2% 95% 3%

Istog/Istok 5% 95%

Decan/Dečane 98% 2%

Suharekë/Suva Reka 3% 96% 1%

Rahovec/Orahovac 4% 94% 1%

Lipjan/Lipljane 18% 78% 3%

Ferizaj/Uroševac 25% 73% 2%

Junik/Junik 23% 78%

Hani i Elezit/Elez Han 100%

Not important Important Don't know/Refuse

Figure 44. New focus municipalities: How important are personal contacts/relationships within your municipality?

Prevalence of Corruption in Municipal Sectors The responses of respondents regarding corruption in different institutions were analyzed in terms of municipalities of focus. The tables below present the findings for each of the municipalities of focus. According to surveyed citizens of Pristina,

39 corruption is present (at least to a small extent) in all of them, but the most in courts (92%). Almost all respondents from Gjilan/Gnjilane think the same (98%), followed by the same share of people (94%) who think that there is corruption in public universities and hospitals. Similarly, respondents from Pejë/Peć consider public universities (91%) and hospitals (90%) as the most corrupt. Further, almost all respondents from Gjakovë/Djakovica think that there is corruption, at least on a small scale in hospitals (99%), courts (98%) and Central Government (97%). Ninety-one percent of surveyed citizens from Vushtrri/Vučitrn think that there is corruption in municipal government,

followed by 90 percent who think the same about courts and hospitals.

ernment

Public Public

Courts

(Local)

Central

Hospitals

Municipal

(Ministries)

universities

Government Gov

Kosovo Police Administration

Pristina 92% 85% 87% 81% 80% 86%

Gjilan/Gnjilane 98% 94% 85% 83% 81% 94%

Pejë/ Peć 88% 91% 88% 86% 86% 90%

Gjakovë/Djakovic 98% 95% 84% 97% 80% 99% a

Vushtrri/ Vučitrn 90% 81% 91% 88% 81% 90%

Table 1. Focus Municipalities: Prevalence of corruption in Institutions

Respondents from the new focus municipalities were also asked the same question. In general, according to them, courts are the most corrupt, whereas Kosovo Police is the least. It is worth mentioning that all surveyed citizens from Deçan/Dečane think that there is corruption (at least on a small scale) in courts. Additionally, all respondents from Junik/Junik (100%) think that there is corruption in courts, public universities, Central Government and hospitals, as compared to only five percent who

think the same about Kosovo Police.

Public Public

Courts

(Local)

Central

niversities

Hospitals

Municipal

(Ministries)

Government Government

Kosovo Police Administration

Prizen/Prizren 96% 93% 82% 82% 88% 98%

Podujevë/Podujevo 97% 94% 89% 80% 88% 91%

Istog/Istok 94% 90% 89% 97% 94% 68%

Deçan/Dečane 100% 95% 95% 98% 95% 98%

Suharekë/Suva Reka 93% 93% 94% 95% 93% 92%

Rahovec/Orahovac 96% 91% 89% 96% 93% 96%

Lipjan/Lipljane 85% 85% 74% 80% 79% 75%

Ferizaj/Uroševac 80% 83% 82% 83% 63% 77%

Junik/Junik 100% 100% 88% 100% 5% 100%

Hani i Elezit/Elez Han 80% 85% 80% 85% 60% 73%

Table 2. New focus municipalities: Prevalence of corruption in Institutions

Further, respondents were asked to evaluate the presence of corruption, at least on a small scale, in different sectors in their municipality. According to surveyed citizens of focus municipalities, corruption is more prevalent (at least on a small scale) in the inspectorate sector, followed by that of procurement and then urbanism. According to survey results, corruption is the least prevalent in the Mayor's Office.

According to respondents from Pristina, urbanism and inspectorate are considered as the most corrupt sector (each with 72%). Additionally, the vast majority of respondents from Gjilan/Gnjilane perceive inspectorate and urbanism as the most corrupt sectors, with 94 and 92 percent, respectively. However, surveyed citizens of Pejë/Peć think that the finance sector is the most corrupt, with 92 percent of respondents claiming that it corrupted at least on a small scale, followed by administration (87%). According to respondents of Gjakovë/Djakovica, inspectorate and education are the most corrupt sectors (94% for both), whereas surveyed citizens of Vushtrri/Vučitrn consider the sector of cadaster as the most corrupt (95%).

Finance

Cadaster

Urbanism

Education

Inspectorate

Procurement

Administration

Mayor'sOffice Public services Public

Pristina 64% 68% 69% 67% 61% 73% 72% 60% 65%

Gjilan/Gnjilane 83% 88% 81% 92% 83% 92% 94% 82% 87%

Pejë/ Peć 78% 86% 78% 85% 86% 85% 86% 87% 92%

Gjakovë/Djakovica 70% 92% 91% 94% 90% 88% 94% 90% 91%

Vushtrri/ Vučitrn 82% 92% 88% 82% 95% 87% 87% 83% 82%

Table 3. Focus Municipalities: Prevalence of corruption in municipal sectors

Results from the new focus municipalities show that respondents think that there is a higher rate of corruption in the Finance sector, followed by the inspectorate, procurement, and urbanism. Similar to the results of main municipalities in focus, the Mayor's Office remains the least corrupted in the eyes of the surveyed citizens.

According to surveyed citizens from the Municipality of Prizren/Prizren, the sectors of education (89%) and inspectorate (88%) are the most corrupt, whereas respondents from Podujevë/Podujevo think that cadaster and urbanism are the most corrupt (94% for each). A significant difference is noticed in the Municipality of Istog/Istok, where only two percent of respondents think that there is corruption in public services and eight percent who think the same about administration. However, 92 percent of respondents in this municipality think that there is corruption (at least on a small scale) in the procurement sector. Almost all surveyed citizens from Deçan/Dečane (98%) stated that the Mayor’s Office and public services are corrupt at least on a small scale. The vast majority of respondents from Suharekë/Suva Reka stated that all of the sectors presented in the table below are corrupt. Additionally, all surveyed citizens from Hani i Elezit/Elez Han (100%) think that the sectors of procurement, public services, cadaster, urbanism, inspectorate, and finance are corrupt, compared to 60 percent who think the same about the Mayor’s Office. Similarly, the majority of respondents from Junik/Junik consider that there is corruption in each of the sectors which are presented in the table, but only 40 percent of them think that there is corruption in the

Mayor’s Office.

Finance

Cadaster

Urbanism

Education

Inspectorate

Procurement

Administration

Mayor'sOffice Public services Public

Prizen/Prizren 66% 73% 68% 89% 85% 84% 88% 77% 80%

Podujevë/Podujevo 91% 91% 89% 81% 94% 94% 93% 88% 93%

Istog/Istok 44% 92% 2% 37% 29% 32% 62% 8% 75%

Deçan/Dečane 98% 84% 98% 94% 94% 95% 97% 95% 97%

Suharekë/Suva 93% 93% 92% 92% 92% 94% 94% 93% 94% Reka

Rahovec/Orahovac 87% 89% 89% 86% 86% 86% 88% 89% 88%

Lipjan/Lipljane 65% 77% 86% 79% 79% 78% 79% 78% 82%

Ferizaj/Uroševac 63% 80% 78% 80% 77% 83% 75% 75% 80%

Junik/Junik 40% 93% 93% 98% 93% 93% 95% 83% 93%

Hani i Elezit/Elez Han 60% 100% 100% 98% 100% 100% 100% 90% 100%

Table 4. New focus municipalities: Prevalence of corruption in municipal sectors

Shaping opinions about corruption in Kosovo For the majority of respondents from all focus municipalities, evaluations about the extent of the presence of corruption are based on the information they get through media. Around 90 percent of respondents from Pejë/Peć, 74 percent of those from Vushtrri/ Vučitrn, and 70 percent of respondents from Gjilan/Gnjilane evaluate the level of corruption within the municipality from media. Talks with family and friends is the second most chosen option as to what citizens base their evaluation on corruption within their municipality. Only one percent of the surveyed citizens in Pejë/Peć and Gjilan/Gnjilane claimed to base these evaluations on personal experience, whereas 28 percent of respondents from Gjakovë/Djakovica and 18 percent of those from Pristina stated that they base their opinions regarding corruption on personal experience.

18% Prishtinë/Priština 62% 67%

1% Gjilan/Gnjilane 50% 70%

1% Pejë/Peć 76% 90%

28% Gjakovë/Djakovica 90% 67%

9% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 72% 74%

Personal experience Talks with relatives and friends Information through media

Figure 45. Focus municipalities: Your evaluations about the extent of presence of corruption within your municipal (local) government are based on..?

The highest share of respondents who base their evaluation on media regarding the presence of corruption are in Junik/Junik (100%), Hani i Elezit/Elez Han (95%), Istog/Istok (95%), Podujevë/Podujevo (94%), and in Rahovec/Orahovac (91%). On the other hand, all respondents from Junik/Junik (100%), the vast majority of respondents from

Istog/Istok (98%) and Deçan/Dečane (92%) reported that talks with relatives and friends are the main source for basing their perceptions. Even though in almost all municipalities a smaller share of surveyed citizens reported to evaluate corruption on personal experiences, more than half of respondents from Suharekë/Suva Reka (51%) reported being in a situation exposed to corruptive practices. None of the respondents from Hani i Elezit/Elez Han and Junik/Junik (0%) reported basing their opinions for such occurrence on personal experience.

13% Prizren/Prizren 63% 88%

3% Podujevë/Podujevo 57% 94%

2% Istog/Istok 98% 95%

38% Decan/Dečane 92% 60%

51% Suharekë/Suva Reka 81% 46%

3% Rahovec/Orahovac 82% 91%

4% Lipjan/Lipljane 55% 84%

9% Ferizaj/Uroševac 81% 64%

Junik/Junik 100% 100%

Hani i Elezit/Elez Han 68% 95%

Personal experience Talks with relatives and friends Information through media

Figure 46. New focus municipalities: Your evaluations about the extent of presence of corruption within your municipal (local) government are based on..?

Corruption in Procurement Surveyed citizens from focus municipalities were asked about their opinion on corruption during each stage of procurement. Overall, according to respondents, pre-tendering is the stage of procurement with the highest rate of corruption, whereas post tendering is considered as the least corrupted stage. The vast majority of surveyed citizens from Pejë/Peć (94%) think that at the pre-tendering phase of procurement corruption is most prevalent. Around 77 percent of respondents from Pejë/Peć, 76 percent of those from Gjakovë/Djakovica, and 70 percent from Gjilan/Gnjilane chose tendering as a very corrupted stage as well. One out of four people (25%) in Vushtrri/ Vučitrn and Gjakovë/Djakovica chose the post tendering as

44 a corrupted stage, an option which was chosen by only 18 percent of respondents from Pristina.

72% Prishtinë/Priština 35% 18%

57% Gjilan/Gnjilane 70% 44%

94% Pejë/Peć 77% 59%

70% Gjakovë/Djakovica 76% 25%

75% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 57% 25%

Pre-tendering Tendering Post tendering

Figure 47. Focus municipalities: In your opinion, in which of the procurement phase(s) is corruption more prevalent?

Pre-tendering is considered to be the most corrupt phase in the new focus municipalities of focus as well, as claimed by the majority of surveyed citizens in Istog/Istok (94%), Rahovec/Orahovac (90%), Deçan/Dečane (87%), and Prizren/Prizren (86%). On the other hand, for all respondents coming from Hani i Elezit/Elez Han (100%) and Junik/Junik (100%), the implementation of the project is the most corruptive phase, followed by a considerable portion of respondents from Istog/Istok (76%) and Ferizaj/Uroševac (43%). Meanwhile, for the majority of respondents from Podujevë/Podujevo (78%), and Suharekë/Suva Reka (76%), tendering is considered as the most corruptive phase of procurement.

86% Prizren/Prizren 24% 8%

60% Podujevë/Podujevo 78% 46%

94% Istog/Istok 81% 76%

87% Decan/Dečane 83% 13%

71% Suharekë/Suva Reka 76% 7%

90% Rahovec/Orahovac 46% 16%

67% Lipjan/Lipljane 54% 30%

73% Ferizaj/Uroševac 69% 46%

23% Junik/Junik 68% 100%

50% Hani i Elezit/Elez Han 73% 100%

Pre-tendering Tendering Post tendering

Figure 48. New focus municipalities: In your opinion, in which of the procurement phase(s) is corruption more prevalent?

Authorities responsible for corruption In general, surveyed citizens of different municipalities have different views regarding the responsible authorities for corruption. Gjilan/Gnjilane has the highest share of people who think that procurement officers are responsible for corruption in the public procurement process, with 79 percent of surveyed citizens who chose this answer. Around 76 percent of respondents from Gjakovë/Djakovica and 63 percent from those of Pristina stated the same. A considerably lower number of citizens from Vushtrri/ Vučitrn think that procurement officers are responsible for corruption in the procurement process. Seventy percent of surveyed citizens from Gjilan/Gnjilane think that mayors are responsible for such occurrence, followed by 60 percent of respondents from Pristina and Vushtrri/ Vučitrn. A lower number of people from Pejë/Peć think that mayors are responsible for corruption in the public procurement process. Fewer people from all municipalities chose the option 'inspectorate' when asked about the local authorities who are accountable for corruption in the procurement process. It is worth mentioning that only 17 percent of surveyed citizens from Gjakovë/Djakovica think that inspectorate is responsible for such an occurrence.

Procurement Municipal Contract Mayors Inspectorate officers Directors Managers

Pristina 63% 60% 49% 42% 47%

Gjilan/Gnjilane 79% 70% 53% 40% 48%

Pejë/ Peć 51% 38% 82% 79% 74%

Gjakovë/Djakovica 76% 55% 42% 46% 17%

Vushtrri/ Vučitrn 39% 60% 62% 42% 58%

Table 5. Focus municipalities: In your opinion, who from local authorities is responsible for corruption in the public procurement process?

As seen in the table below, in the Municipality of Istog/Istok the majority of surveyed citizens believe that all mentioned local authorities are responsible for corruption in the public procurement process. The same portion of respondents (98%) in the Municipality of Junik/Junik and Ferizaj/Uroševac believe that inspectorate is accountable for corruptive practices, followed Prizren/Prizren (64%) and by more than half of respondents in Ferizaj/Uroševac (59%), Rahovec/Orahovac (53%) and Podujevë/Podujevo (51%). The share of surveyed citizens who believe that the Mayor is the accountable authority for corruption is significant in Rahovec/Orahovac (93%), Istog/Istok (89%), Deçan/Dečane (83%), Suharekë/Suva Reka (81%), and Podujevë/Podujevo (72%). Additionally, a considerable number of respondents from Hani i Elezit/Elez Han (88%), Deçan/Dečane (78%), and Suharekë/Suva Reka (66%) reported that purchasing officers should be held responsible for corruption.

Procurement Municipal Contract Mayors Inspectorate officers Directors Managers

Prizren/Prizren 39% 42% 62% 39% 64%

Podujevë/Podujevo 49% 72% 66% 48% 51%

Istog/Istok 98% 89% 98% 100% 100%

Deçan/Dečane 78% 83% 41% 22% 3%

Suharekë/Suva 66% 81% 36% 26% 15% Reka

Rahovec/Orahovac 52% 93% 76% 41% 53%

Lipjan/Lipljane 42% 41% 44% 48% 46%

Ferizaj/Uroševac 60% 47% 53% 63% 59%

Junik/Junik 55% 13% 25% 98% 98%

Hani i Elezit/Elez Han 88% 10% 40% 93% 98%

Table 6. New focus municipalities: In your opinion, who from local authorities is responsible for corruption in the public procurement process?

Encountering corruptive practices In general, the vast majority of respondents from all focus municipalities claimed that they have not encountered a situation where municipal public officials have conditioned their services to require bribes, gifts, or other favors. However, there is a slightly higher share of people who claim to have encountered such situations in Pristina (7%).

Prishtinë/Priština 7% 89% 4%

Gjilan/Gnjilane 3% 95% 1%

Pejë/Peć 1% 96% 3%

Gjakovë/Djakovica 2% 95% 3%

Vushtrri/Vučitrn 3% 94% 4%

Yes No Don't know/Refuse

Figure 49. Focus municipalities: In the past one year, did you come across a situation that municipal public officials conditioned performing their services by asking for bribes, gifts or other favors?

None of the surveyed citizens from Istog/Istok, Rahovec/Orahovac, and Junik/Junik have been in the kind of situation where a municipal official asked them for bribes or other favors to perform a service. The municipality in which it was slightly more common for respondents to encounter such situations was Prizren/Prizren (11%).

Prizren/Prizren 11% 89%

Podujevë/Podujevo 7% 91% 1%

Istog/Istok 100%

Decan/Dečane 3% 97%

Suharekë/Suva Reka 2% 98%

Rahovec/Orahovac 100%

Lipjan/Lipljane 5% 95%

Ferizaj/Uroševac 4% 93% 2%

Junik/Junik 100%

Hani i Elezit/Elez Han 5% 95%

Yes No Don't know/Refuse

Figure 50. New focus municipalities: In the past one year, did you come across a situation that municipal public officials conditioned performing their services by asking for bribes, gifts or other favors?

Conclusion of Survey Results The purpose of the study “Citizens’ Perception Survey on Municipal Corruption and Transparency in Public Procurement” was to access the overall satisfaction regarding transparency and corruption in the procurement process. Specifically, it aimed to provide up-to-date and accurate estimates of perception and knowledge of the general population of Kosovo regarding municipal services and public procurement, as well as assess their satisfaction with the overall municipal work.

For the majority of survey respondents, unemployment is considered as the main problem which is faced in Kosovo, followed by poverty and corruption. More than half of interviewed citizens claimed to be very/somewhat informed about their municipality’s work in general and are somewhat satisfied with the provided services by the municipality. When looking specifically, the level of satisfaction is higher for the Municipal Administration when compared to the Municipal Mayor and Municipal Assembly. According to the majority of respondents, to get things done within the public sector in municipalities, personal contacts/relationships are important.

The majority of respondents reported to not be informed about the municipal budget and capital projects. Furthermore, more than half of them believe that public funds are misappropriated by directors/public officials and that there is a tradition of payment of bribes to gain favors. Continuing, the rate of corruption in public institutions is believed to be present at medium levels. Kosovo Police is considered as the least corrupt institution, as compared to courts which are considered the most corrupt. information from media as well as talks with friends and relatives were reported to be the main sources of information to shape such evaluations concerning the presence of corruptive practices. Meanwhile, the main reason which leads to corruption is considered fast personal enrichment sought by people in power. Additionally, most of the respondents think that corruption exists because there are no adequate mechanisms that monitor capital investments in their municipalities and that sanction public procurement violations. More than half of citizens believe that parties, local governance, and economic operators, are equally corrupted in the public procurement process, while the most corrupted staged during the procurement process was considered pre-tendering phase. Similarly, half of the respondents share the belief that the perpetrators of corruption are not punished at all in Kosovo. Despite the high evaluation of the presence of the corruption, the vast majority of interviewed citizens have not encountered a situation where municipal public officials have conditioned their services in return for bribes, gifts, or other favors.

Focus Group Discussion Results For the purpose of this study, UBO Consulting also used the qualitative method of research, namely focus group discussions and in-depth interviews. This method of research is usually used to draw in-depth information from the complex personal experiences, beliefs, perceptions and attitudes of the participants, through a moderated interaction of participants.

UBO Consulting conducted five (5) focus group sessions and thirty (30) in-depth interviews. The discussions were held during the period from 12 March 2020 – 6 May 2020, while the interviews were conducted through the period of April - May 2020. Two first focus group discussions were conducted through roundtables, with business representatives and CSO representatives from the Municipality of Pristina, Gjilan/Gnjilane and Vushtrri/Vučitrn. Further, due to the situation created by COVID- 19, the research continued to be implemented, with an adaptation of the techniques. The remaining business representatives were interviewed using in-depth interviews, via phone. Meanwhile, part of the meetings with representatives of CSOs was organized through the Zoom platform, which offered the possibility of developing video and audio discussions, conferences, and meetings online.

In addition, meetings with representatives of CSOs have also been carried out through Zoom platform, which allowed to develop video and audio discussions, conferences, and meetings online.

In total, five focus group discussions and 30 in-depth interviews were conducted to assess the public opinion from the business and CSO representatives with regards to the information on municipal budget, procurement plan, capital projects, perception on municipal corruption, perception on municipal procurement corruption, e- procurement platform, corruption experiences/practices in municipal procurement, monitoring of the municipal projects by municipality/CSOs, and municipal transparency about procurement activities.

The following section reveals the main findings, derived from five focus groups discussions and 30 interviews, conducted with Business Representatives and CSO Representatives, from Pristina, Gjilan/Gnjilane and Vushtrri/Vučitrn, Prizren/Prizren, Suharekë/Suva Reka, Malishevë/Mališevo, Rahovec/Orahovac, Pejë/Peć, Gjakovë/Djakovica, Ferizaj/Uroševac, Shtime/ Štimlje , and Lipjan/Lipljane. It is worth mentioning that businesses were divided into two groups based on whether they had ever bid in local government projects or not. The composition of the focus group was with businesses that have been bidding in municipal projects held in municipalities of Pristina, Gjilan/Gnjilane and Vushtrri/ Vučitrn. Meanwhile, the interviews were held in Prizren/Prizren, Suharekë/Suva Reka, Malishevë/Mališevo, Rahovec/Orahovac, Pejë/ Peć, Gjakovë/Djakovica, Ferizaj/Uroševac, Shtime/ Štimlje, and Lipjan/Lipljane.

Results from the Focus Group Discussions with Businesses First participants were informed about the topics of discussion/interview, which were the information on municipal budget, procurement plan, capital projects, perception on municipal corruption, perception on municipal procurement corruption, e- procurement platform, corruption experiences/practices in municipal procurement, monitoring of the municipal projects by municipality/CSOs, and municipal transparency about procurement activities. The discussion began with a simple introduction of the businesses and their activities.

Topic I: Information on Municipal Budget, Procurement Plan, and Capital Projects

In order to capture the context regards the information on municipal budget, the focus group participants and the interviewees were first asked about the information they had on budgets, procurement plan and capital projects of the municipalities for the current year.

- How informed do you feel about the budgets of municipalities for this year?

Results from the focus group discussion and in-depth interviews show that there were differences among the answers of businesses who have been bidding in municipal projects and those who have not been biding. In general, participants from the Municipality of Prizren/Prizren and Pristina considered themselves informed towards the municipal budget. They stated that this information is published on the website of the municipality.

On the other hand, the majority of business representatives from Pejë/Peć, Gjakovë/Djakovica and Ferizaj/Uroševac, Shtime/Štimlje, Lipjan/Lipljane were generally not informed about the municipal budget. In spite of that, business representatives from the Municipality of Ferizaj/Uroševac declared that with the current Mayor, everything was accessible within the municipality.

Furthermore, the focus group and in-depth interview results show that the majority of the business representatives did not request for such information. The reasons were slightly different, mainly pointing out that there was no budget approved yet. However, when tackling the issue of the absence of this information, there were different opinions among representatives of Pristina, and Gjilan/Gnjilane. While some of the participants believed that they as an interest group should request this information themselves, there were others who believed that they should be informed about this through emails.

- How informed do you feel about the annual procurement plans of municipalities?

In general, results indicate that there were differences between businesses that have been bidding in municipal projects and those who have not. Business representatives from Pristina, Gjilan/Gnjilane, Prizren/Prizren, Suharekë/Suva Reka, Malishevë/Mališevo, and Rahovec/Orahovac, were mostly informed about the annual procurement plans of municipalities. According to them, this information is

52 usually found on Public Procurement Regulatory Commission (PPRC’s) website. Furthermore, business representatives from Pejë/Peć, Gjakovë/Djakovica, Ferizaj/Uroševac, Shtime/Štimlje, and Lipjan/Lipljane, were not informed about the annual procurement plans. Based on the results, there was no other particular reason for this lack of information, rather than lack of interest.

It should be noted, that a few business representatives from the Municipality of Prizren/Prizren believed that the procurement process was not fully transparent towards citizens. These claims were especially stated from one participant who believed that municipalities have their chosen economic operators, hence the other companies were not informed about local government projects.

“Considering that I have been working for 20 years with tenders, I am informed about the procurement plans of municipalities; however, there are not many projects awarded from the municipality.’

- Business Representative from Prizren/Prizren While generally the majority of the representatives of the municipalities who do not bid in local government projects, had no information about the annual procurement plans, a representative from Ferizaj/Uroševac stated that this municipality was very transparent towards procurement plans and this information was easily accessible.

Although business representatives were separately asked on their opinions about the procurement plans being in line with the respective municipal budget plan, the discussion and the interviews produced a similar result among the answers of representatives of municipalities who bid in local government projects. Most of them, especially representatives from the Municipality of Gjilan/ Gnjilane stated that projects cost more that the plan can cover. This, according to the majority, implies the choosing of the cheapest bidder during local government tenders.

- How informed do you feel about the municipal capital projects, planned for this year in the municipality/municipalities where you operate?

Apart from the information they had on budget and procurement plans, business representatives were also asked about the extent of information they had on municipal capital projects. There were no differences between the answers of business representatives who bid in capital projects and of those who do not participate in this process.

Business representatives from the Municipality of Prizren/Prizren were the most informed about the municipal capital projects. While the others stated that there is no information about municipal capital projects, participants from Pristina and Suharekë/Suva Reka claimed that these municipalities lack transparency towards capital projects. What has been distinguished, was the idea that the Municipality of Gjilan/Gnjilane has a small budget. While this municipality was considered transparent towards municipal budget by its representatives, they stated that its budget can barely cover its employees’ wages.

Despite their opinions on the municipal capital projects, participants were also asked about the satisfaction with the implementation of those capital projects. According to the results, participants in general were not satisfied with the implementation of capital projects. They believed that nepotism has found its way in these projects and that they lack the quality they promise through documented papers.

Topic II: Perception on Municipal Corruption

The second topic of this study aimed to reveal the perception of representatives on municipal corruption. During this part, representatives were asked on their opinion of the prevalence of corruption in different sectors and on the reasons that cause corruptive practices in municipalities.

- We would like to talk about your perception regarding the potential presence of corruption in the municipality/municipalities where you operate. In your opinion, is there corruption in those municipalities?

When it comes to the perception regarding the potential presence of corruption in the municipalities where the participants operated, results from focus group discussions and in-depth interviews showed that most of them believed that there is corruption present in their municipalities. Therefore, they believed that corruption is more prevalent in the procurement process. In addition, participants stated that corruption can be seen during the pre-tendering phase and the tendering phase. The particular characteristics they ask for during the request process was considered a sign of the presence of corruption.

“During tenders, you see the corrupt procedure that happens. For example, a truck weighing 8.5 tons is required, and this tells us that it is planned in advance which bidder will receive the tender. I get the cancellation of the tender and I see that one of the reasons for the cancellation is the lack of a certain machine, which I own. Now, can you see corruption in this case?” - Business Representative from Gjilan/Gnjilane Among the many reasons that cause corruptive practices in municipalities, the majority of business representatives from all municipalities considered personal greed and political clans within the municipality as the main cause for these issues. According to them, there was a high level of nepotism within the municipalities which they operate. Also, business representatives of Pejë/Peć were of the opinion that business owners felt pressured to participate in corruptive practices in order to win the public capital projects.

“Greed is the reason of corruptive practices within the municipality. And business owners feel like they have to apart to this process in order to achieve success.” - Business Representative from Pejë/ Peć

- Now, based on your experience as bidders in local government projects, how would you assess the work of authorities in the municipality/municipalities

where you operate, in terms of provision of fair and equal treatment for all bidders in public procurement?

Based on the results of the focus group discussion and in-depth interviews with business representatives from the municipalities who bid in local government projects, most of them believed that they do not receive equal treatment in public procurement. Business representatives from Gjilan/Gnjilane, Suharekë/Suva Reka, Malishevë/Mališevo, and Rahovec/Orahovac stated that there is a presence of nepotism in public procurement. According to them, public procurement officers base their selection of economic operators in personal relations.

Furthermore, representatives of business in Gjilan/Gnjilane mentioned other issues related to corruptive means during these processes. According to them, registering the company’s vehicles without winning the bid and notarizing every document should not be mandatory. As the results show, the participants found this illogical, considering that those who did not win the bid, would have 30 useless registered vehicles or more, and this is costly even for the big companies.

“You cannot force someone to register 30 vehicles without knowing whether or not that person gets the job. None of us drives the truck on the road without registering them. We did not have work last year until October; however, all vehicles have been registered since the beginning of the year. The total cost of notary, insurance and registration are very high.” - Business Representative from Gjilan/Gnjilane It should be noted that participants from Pristina claimed that there were no such issues in their municipality. However, they all agreed when one of the participants stated that these issues occur when the ministry is the contracting authority.

The presence of corruption and interference of politics in local government projects were stated as the main reasons among the business representatives who do not bid in capital projects. According to them, the expenses companies had during the procurement process were worthless, when considering the low chances of being chosen as the winning economic operator for a certain local government project. This fact, however, would change if there were mechanisms against corruption. One interviewee even claimed that the presence of international organizations in local government projects would decrease the level of corruption.

Topic III: Perception on Municipal Procurement Corruption

The research study aimed to reveal the perception regarding potential presence of corruption in municipal procurement processes. Namely, the presence of corruption during each of the procurement processes, the responsible authority, and the tradition of bribing to gain favors in municipalities were discussed in terms of perception of municipal procurement corruption.

- Can you please share with us your perception regarding the potential presence of corruption in municipal procurement processes, including pre- tendering phase - during the development of technical specification/design, tendering phase - during criteria and evaluation process, and post tendering phase - during the implementation of the project – monitoring. In your opinion, is there corruption in the municipal procurement process?

Focus group and in-depth interviews’ results showed that the participants’ responses regarding perception on municipal procurement, corresponded each other. A common finding during this part was that all the participants were likely to believe that there was a presence of corruption in municipal procurement processes. According to their answers, corruption is present during the pre-tendering phase, specifically during the development of technical specifications. Representatives from the Municipality of Ferizaj/Uroševac also stated that this was the phase where political interference is also present.

In terms of the responsible local authority for corruption in the public procurement process and payment of bribes to gain favors in municipalities, business representatives gave no specific answers, while not individualizing any cases. However, most of them, especially business representatives from the non-bidding municipalities, such as the Municipality of Gjakovë/Djakovica and Suharekë/Suva Reka, believed that there is a tradition of bribes within their municipalities. They blamed the people in leading positions within their municipalities and project supervisors for this tradition and for the presence of corruption.

“Corruption is so high that businesses from Pristinaor other municipalities have won tenders in the Municipality of Pejë/ Peć! The costs we have during the tender process are not worth it at all, when the operator that wins it is already chosen. Project supervisors are responsible for corruption in this process. I think this bribery tradition starts from the first coffee that the operators and supervisors drink together. - Business representative from Pejë/Peć Topic IV: E-Procurement Platform

Another topic tackled by this research study was the E-procurement platform. Specifically, business representatives were asked whether they used this platform when applying for municipal projects and how this platform influenced the level of corruption during the process.

- Do you use e-procurement platform to apply for municipal projects?

The findings revealed that all of the participants from the municipalities who bid in local government projects used the E-procurement platform to apply for municipal projects. In general, everyone considered themselves to be skilled enough in using this platform. However, a few representatives from the Municipality of Gjilan/Gnjilane and Prizren/Prizren also claimed that this platform often gets blocked during the time of bidding. In addition to that, they stated that when problems like that occur, tenders that are made during the blocked period get canceled.

When it comes to the influence of this platform on the levels of corruption, results showed that everyone had the same opinion. It was claimed that this platform was created to lower the level of corruption and indeed, according to them, that is exactly what it did. Some of them were likely to believe that the digitalization of procurement processes strengthens internal anti-corruption controls and the detection of integrity breaches.

” I have started to use this platform since it first launched, and I believe that it reduces the corruption level. The documents submitted cannot be manipulated and the platform is easy to use.” - Business Representative from Suharekë/Suva Reka Meanwhile, a different opinion was shared by a participant from the Municipality of Gjilan/Gnjilane, claiming that the people who overview the process of bidding in the platform were insufficient for that job position, which according to him, showed a lot of irresponsibility’s.

In addition, one participant from the Municipality of Suharekë/Suva Reka, claimed that this platform did not decrease the level of corruption because the presence of corruption starts before applying on the E-procurement platform.

Topic V: Corruption Experiences and Practices in Municipal Procurement

- During your experience in bidding in local government projects, did you come across a situation that the municipal public officials conditioned their services by asking for bribes, gifts or other favors from the businesses bidding in the municipal projects?

In order to have an idea on the context with regards to corruption experiences and practices in municipal procurement, participants were asked questions that tackled these issues. This part encouraged business representatives to share their corruption experiences, specifically bribing gift or favors situations.

Results showed that the majority of business representatives from all participating municipalities did not experience bribing situations. However, even though no one gave details to their answers, a few of the participants from the Municipality of Gjilan/Gnjilane and Pejë/Peć, claimed that there have been indirect ways in which they were asked for bribes. They further explained that they reported these cases immediately.

“I believe that this depends to the social level that businesses have with the authorities. I maintain a social distance and as such I have not encountered in any corruptive situation.” - Business Representative from Suharekë/Suva Reka In addition to that, none of the participants was likely to believe that the perpetrators of corruption in public procurement are adequately punished. They believed that the presence of organized crime within institutions was the reason they were not punished.

Although, while representatives of the Municipality of Gjilan/Gnjilane stated that there were cases of dismissed or suspended officials, they did not believe that these particular officials were related to the corruptive cases.

- In your estimate, what percentages of private companies participating in procurement processes regularly use informal means in an attempt to influence the decision-makers?

Regardless of their personal opinions on corruption, study results indicate that the majority of the participants were likely to believe that every private company uses informal means in an attempt to influence the decision-makers. Even though they did not give an accurate percentage, they declared that big companies are always successful in their attempts in getting a preferential treatment.

“In the Municipality of Peja, there are some big companies that make 20 percent of the business in our city. All of them use corruptive means, and they are always successful.” - Business Representative from Pejë/Peć Further, a business representative from Gjilan/Gnjilane stated that there are differences between the private and public sectors. He considered the public sector as riskier in bidding, due to government policies and the change of political parties. It should be noted that some of the participants from this municipality stated that they would be willing to use informal means themselves if they were given the chance, since they considered this the only way to survive as a company in Kosovo.

Corruptive practices represent more than 80 percent of irregular procurement processes that happen, according to the results of the focus group discussion and in- depth interviews. As they claimed, there is lack of transparency and the simplicity of the procurement law gives space for manipulation, by giving to everyone the space to intervene. Related to this matter, the majority of participants stated that when the corruptive practices’ percentage is high, the other listed reasons such as lack of planning, inadequate legal framework and lack of capacity on the executor (economic operator) side are already present as irregular procurement processes.

- In your opinion, how efficient is the municipality in fighting corruptive practices in the procurement system?

In terms of the municipality’s efficiency in fighting corruptive practices in the procurement system, there were differences among the answers of business representatives. While business representatives from other municipalities did not consider their municipalities efficient in fighting corruptive practices, representatives from Ferizaj/Uroševac and Shtime/Štimlje stated a different opinion. According to them, their municipality and their Mayors have shown progress in fighting corruptive practices in the procurement system.

When talking about the cancellation of procurement competitions, deliberately biased specifications and biased selection process were considered as the two most

58 important reasons for lack of offers. Other reasons, such as fear of not getting paid, unreachable price and lack of different documentations were mentioned during this part.

Topic VI: Monitoring of the Municipal Projects by Municipalities

The last topic of this study tackled the monitoring process of the municipal projects by municipalities. In this part, respondents were first asked on their thoughts of the municipalities’ monitoring process.

- Do municipalities monitor implementation of the projects on ongoing bases – in line with the law? In your opinion, are there adequate mechanisms for the monitoring of public procurement and the detection and sanctioning of misconduct in public procurement?

While some of the representatives from all participating municipalities stated that there are adequate monitoring mechanisms for the monitoring of public procurement and implementation of the projects, specifically engineers who follow the right procedure, others were likely to believe that they are somehow influenced by politics and do not perform in line with the law. Among the answers, engineers, auditors and procurement officers were found to be as the most adequate mechanisms proposed by participating representatives.

“When the monitoring of the projects used to be done by the engineers of the municipalities' directorates, the work functioned much better.” - Business Representative from Prizren/Prizren Another statement found within the group of business representatives from Prizren/Prizren was that there were differences of this process depending on the economic operator. Such, according to them, if the economic operator was someone close to the municipal officials, the municipality did not monitor the implementation of the projects, thus they did not report the defects of those projects.

Residents of the municipality were also proposed as part of the monitoring process by a participant from the Municipality of Gjilan/Gnjilane. This, however, was not approved by the majority of the participants present, who argued that residents often interfere with processes without having the proper information. Sometimes, according to them, different projects are delayed for months or even years due to the residents’ meddling in the process.

- What should you do in order to increase transparency, accountability and spend public money fairly?

Lastly, participants were asked recommendations of increasing transparency, accountability and spending public money fairly. According to representatives of the Municipality of Gjilan/Gnjilane, Kosovo should adapt Germanys’ and Netherlands’ procurement processes, which were considered as a proper example of procedures to fix the procurement issues which they encountered during these years.

The basic underlying principles of the regime consist of the general principles of public procurement law (equal treatment, non-discrimination, mutual recognition, effective competition and transparency), as well as the general principles of Dutch civil law (e.g. the pre-contractual standards of reasonableness and fairness. The contracting authority awards a public contract to the most economically advantageous tender. The most economically advantageous tender is determined on the basis of the best- price quality ration, lowest costs calculated based on cost-effectiveness, or lowest price. Where the contracting authority does not apply the best price-quality ration this must be motivated in the procurement documents. Where the best price-quality ratio is used, the contracting authority determines what further criteria are taken into account. When a tender appears abnormally low, the contracting authority requests an explanation of the price or costs of the tender. The contracting authority examines the evidence provided in consultation with the tenderer. The contracting authority can only reject the tender if the low price or costs are not amply explained by the evidence provided. It is widely accepted in Dutch case law that competitors cannot invoke successfully that the offer by a competitor is abnormally low.3

In addition, one of the participants stated that the process of pre-qualification would arrange these issues. He further explained, that during this procedure, only companies who fulfilled the requests, would be qualified to bid. Furthermore, according to representatives of Prizren/Prizren and Gjilan/Gnjilane, the presence of USAID in municipalities would increase transparency and accountability within these municipalities.

“With the supervision of USAID, the procurement processes would be more transparent. Also, USAID should be part of the committee when it comes to the allocation of the municipal budget. This would help reduce the level of corruption in municipalities.” - Business Representative of Prizren/Prizren At the end of the discussion, participants were asked about changes or improvements they had experienced in the municipality during the last years. Based on the results, there were differences among the answers of business representatives of different municipalities. While representatives from the Municipality of Gjilan/Gnjilane believed there were no particular cases of improvement, the others stated a different opinion. Specifically, business representatives from the Municipality of Prizren/Prizren and Malishevë/Mališevo mentioned the creation of the E-procurement platform as an improvement, which according to them, has decreased the level of corruption during the procurement process. Besides the creation of this platform, others believed that everything had been the same, they did not see any difference compared to last year, nor deterioration or improvement.

3 Netherlands Public Procurement (2020) – Retrieved on June 15th 2020. URL: https://iclg.com/practice- areas/public-procurement-laws-and-regulations/netherlands

Results from the Focus Group Discussions with CSOs Apart from the focus group discussion and in-depth interviews with business representatives, four focus group were held with representatives from CSOs from the Municipality of Pristina, Gjilan/Gnjilane, Vushtrri/Vučitrn, Ferizaj/Uroševac, Shtime/Štimlje, Lipjan/Lipljane, Pejë/Peć, Prizren/Prizren, Suharekë/Suva Reka, and Rahovec/Orahovac. These CSOs were mainly focused on activities for transparency, monitoring procurement activities and anti-corruption at the local government.

Topic I: Information on Municipal Budget, Procurement Plan, and Capital Projects

With no difference from discussion and interviews of business representatives, these focus group discussions also began by trying to measure the level of information the CSO representatives had on the municipal budget, procurement plan and capital projects.

- As CSOs, are you informed about the municipal budgets for municipalities that you operate?

Focus group results showed that there were different opinions among participants. In general, all CSO representatives reported being informed about their municipal budgets, usually through the municipal website.

However, representatives of CSOs from Ferizaj/Uroševac region were more likely to believe that they face bigger challenges to gain this information. In order to receive such information, participants noted a few challenges. According to them, although a lot of municipalities expressed their readiness in sharing municipal budget information, their data archives were disorganized which made it difficult for the CSO representatives to understand the documents.

Further, a representative from the Municipality of Ferizaj/Uroševac claimed that these challenges are usually a result of the non-communication between the ministry and the local governance. The same representatives expressed their concern about the low number of citizens, especially females, participating in public discussions regarding the municipal budget. Their recommendation was for village representatives to discuss the budget plans with their citizens and then presenting their suggestions and needs during the public debates.

Another suggested form of encouraging citizens to participate, was to inform them about the direct impacts of the capital investments on their private properties and about the amount of budget distributed to projects. However, many of representatives believed that these public discussions are more of an informative nature, implying that the officials inform the citizens on what has already been decided, rather than listening and considering their needs.

“Unfortunately, public discussions are more of an informative nature, the officials simply inform the citizens on what has already been decided, rather than listen and consider what the citizens have to say”

- CSO Representative from Ferizaj/Uroševac

- Are you informed that municipalities should plan also procurement activities?

Even though results indicated that participants were informed regarding the duties of municipalities on procurement activities, the majority of CSO representatives stated that not all municipalities publish their activity plans on websites. Nevertheless, they stated that you could find plans on procurement activities in E-procurement platform. However, they reported that irregularities such as delays when requesting for more details can happen. Consequently, due to these delays, CSOs from the Municipality of Ferizaj/Uroševac reported that they were unable to assess the procurement plans and reports. Likewise, some participants believed that due to unprofessional management of the municipality, these procurement plans fail to predict the implementation procedure, thus, resulting in ineffective implementation.

- How informed do you feel about municipal capital projects, implemented in the municipality/municipalities where you operate?

When it comes to the assessment of the implementation of municipal capital projects, even though the participants had different opinions on different municipalities, they all agreed that they are informed about the capital projects implemented in their municipality. Most of them stated that municipalities, in general, have a small budget and sometimes they take a long time to finish. Therefore, according to them, a lot of capital projects are not given priority. It should be distinguished, that one of the participants from the Municipality of Gjilan/Gnjilane was likely to believe that municipalities only work during the last two years of their governance. According to him, this was a way to show their work and influence the votes of the citizens.

“The municipalities initiate project in the beginning of the summer, so the people who are on the streets all summer, see that the municipality is doing a lot of work. All this is done, only to win the votes from the citizens. Nothing else. “ - CSO Representative from Gjilan/Gnjilane Additionally, CSO representatives from the Municipality of Ferizaj/Uroševac raised their concern about the fact that up to 60 percent of projects are not implemented as foreseen by the plan. Considering this issue, their suggestion was to include local community members and village representatives in the monitoring team, to help to overcome the stated issues. Similarly, a participant coming from the Municipality of Peja/Peć expressed his concern about the allocation of budget mainly for constructions. According to him, investing on constructions only, contributes on the damaging of the environment.

The violation of the timeframe of projects was considered as one of the challenges municipalities face. This led to different problems when it came to project implementation, according to one of the participants. He stated that different municipalities sometimes use project plans of other municipalities, which always leads to the failure of the project. In addition, many CSO representatives pointed out that

62 due to the pandemic situation most of the municipality work has been affected and stopped.

- What is your opinion regarding the usage of public funds in municipalities?

Lastly, the results showed that the majority of participants do not believe that there are clear procedures and accountability for the allocation and usage of public funds in municipalities. Many of them reported that the municipality does not take into account their recommendations, pointing out the lack of cooperation between the municipalities and CSOs.

Furthermore, participants from Prizren/Prizren claimed that even though they reacted to situations that they found to have a lack of transparency and various violations; nothing has been done in this regard. Moreover, the same reported that due to the lack of transparency, their municipality does not provide them with necessary documents for the monitoring process.

“There are many times when we do not have access to certain documents because the municipality does not provide it to us- this proves that they are not enough transparent” - CSO Representative from Prizren/Prizren Topic II: Perception on Municipal Corruption

After elaborating participants’ level of information on municipal budget, procurement plan and capital projects, the discussion moved on to the perception of the participants on municipal corruption. In this part, they were first asked about their opinions regarding the presence of corruption in municipalities in which they operate. The ironic laugh and sarcastic comments of all participants indicate that they were likely to believe there is a high level of corruption in their municipalities.

- Now, we would like to hear your opinion about the perception regarding corruption in municipalities. In your opinion, are there corruption practices in the municipality/municipalities where you operate?

Overall, results showed that corruption is present in most of the sectors. Lack of transparency from municipalities was likely to create the idea among the participants that corruption exists in 70 percent of the projects implemented. According to one of the participants from the Municipality of Gjilan/Gnjilane, road maintenance was considered to be the sector with the most emphasized corruption.

Another participant stated that the opportunity of a contract without bidding creates space for corruption. Further, a CSO representative from the Municipality of Ferizaj/ Uroševac, considered both the public procurement sector and the urban sector as the most corrupted sectors. According to him, due to legal spaces, institutions are allowed to maneuver in the implementation of contracts or projects. On the other hand, participants from the Municipality of Peja/Peć believed that the lack of punishments creates opportunities for corruptive practices to happen.

“There is corruption, according to World Bank reports - 30 percent of the 600 million Euros have been evaporated. It is noticed that you can steal more from the road maintenance, from the service sector than from the capital investments. This is also the case with public sector supplies.” - CSO Representative

- Do you believe there is a tradition of payment of bribes to gain favors? Please elaborate your opinion (Why, YES/NO?).

Whether the results did not indicate if they considered the payment of bribes to gain favors a tradition, participants of all municipalities were sure of the presence of corruption in their municipalities. However, according to one of them, even though they have been indirectly asked for bribes, this action stopped once they found out the job status, fearing the public humiliation CSOs can cause.

Additionally, a representative from Ferizaj/Uroševac shared his personal experience of bribing. He further explained that also the Ministry of Agriculture usually takes ten to 20 percent from the grants that they give, however, the latter clarified that he did not accept such a thing.

Similar views as found in the groups of business representatives were shared from CSO representatives when asked about the main reasons that cause corruption in their municipalities. According to their answers, the majority of the participants stated that politics was the reason for corruption.

Topic III: Perception on Municipal Procurement Corruption

The third topic that was tackled by this research study was the perception of the participants on municipal procurement corruption. Specifically, the focus group participants were asked whether there was corruption in municipal procurement process and which of the phases of the procurement was more prevalent.

- Could you please share with us your perception regarding potential presence of corruption in municipal procurement processes, including pre-tendering during the development of technical specification/design, tendering during criteria and evaluation process, and post tendering during the implementation of the project – monitoring. In your opinion, is there corruption in the municipal procurement process?

Focus group results indicate that there was a general opinion, which stated that there is corruption in the procurement process. Furthermore, the majority of the participants were likely to believe that corruption is more prevalent during the pre-tendering phase. They stated that during this phase there is a tendency of altering specifications due to the bidder’s requests and there is also a high misuse of experts’ diplomas.

Contrary, for the participants of Ferizaj/Uroševac, the most corruptive phase is the tendering process, followed by the implementation of projects and contracts.

According to them, the lack of pre-measures and pre-accounting allow corruption to happen easier.

“One thing I have noticed, especially in the Municipality of Shtime and Lipjan, but also in other municipalities, is that the contract is published but not the pre-measures and pre-accounts which specify the work and expenses needed to be done in that contract. Such cases (the lack of pre-measures and pre-accounts) leave space for distrust.” - CSO representative from Ferizaj/Uroševac

- In your opinion, which side is more corrupt in the process of public procurement in your municipality? Why? Do you believe that perpetrators of corruption in public procurement are adequately punished?

When asked about the more corrupted side during the public procurement process, while there were participants who were likely to believe that this was not a one-way process, the majority of them blamed the municipality and politics. According to them, while the municipality is corrupted, businesses are conditioned to work at the same pace. CSO representatives from Pejë/Peć even declared that both parties are equally corrupted and that there is more than just one person involved in this process.

Others, specifically participants from Prizren/Prizren, believed that the Mayor of the municipality and his office members are the responsible body for corruptive practices. According to them, this municipality lacks cooperation with CSOs, which proves that there is a presence of corruption within the procurement process.

Based on the results, this was also considered as the reason why no one was adequately punished, considering that the municipalities and/or politics were the ones who run these processes. Moreover, some of the participants from the Municipality of Shtime/Štimlje claimed that even when cases are sent to court, the judges usually rule in favor of sued parties/institutions.

Topic IV: Monitoring of the Municipal Projects by CSOs

After hearing about participants’ opinions on municipal procurement corruption, the discussion moved on the topic of monitoring of the municipal projects by CSOs.

First, the participants were asked on their opinions on the access that should or should not be given to CSOs on tender dossier evaluation sheets of evaluation committee members and contract management process. In addition, they were required to provide opinions on adequate mechanisms for the monitoring of public procurement and the detection and sanctioning of misconduct in public procurement.

- Do you think CSOs should or should not have access to tender dossier evaluation sheets of evaluation committee members/evaluation committee, contract management process?

The findings revealed that there was an equal difference in opinions among participants. While some of the participants believed that CSOs should be given the

65 access to tender dossier evaluation sheets of evaluation committee members, the majority believed that small organizations that operate in the local levels have neither the right expertise nor the human and financial capacities to do so. Representatives who declared that CSOs should have access stated that such access would be translated into transparency.

Additionally, their concern was that there are not enough funds allocated for CSOs to monitor the procurement process and offices. Another popular opinion during this topic was the fact that municipalities do not allow this access. According to the participants, the municipalities who did not allow this access were usually the ones with malicious intent.

“Well, when a municipality intends to steal, it is normal to view you as an enemy, but if there is no malicious intent, they realize that you are only helping them.” - CSO representative from Pristina

- In your opinion, are there adequate mechanisms for the monitoring of public procurement and the detection and sanctioning of misconduct in public procurement?

In general, CSO representatives from different municipalities claimed that there are no adequate mechanisms to monitor the public procurement process and detect the misconduct. A different opinion was shared by a representative from the Municipality of Pejë/Peć, who believed that this municipality had strong mechanisms, commissions, and experts to evaluate public procurement, but unfortunately, they are not used efficiently.

Furthermore, results indicate that auditors and prosecutors were considered as the adequate mechanisms for the monitoring of public procurement and the detection and sanctioning of misconduct in public procurement. External auditors were also seen as the adequate mechanisms to improve the municipal performance comparing to internal auditors who, according to participants, are not much active.

Many CSO representatives believe that recommendations coming from external auditors are rarely taken into account. While auditors were considered as prosecutors’ guide, there were a few participants who were likely to believe that the aforementioned lacked professional capacities and knowledge on procurement processes. However, they stated that there should be professional training for these prosecutors, to fight the corruption in tenders. According to participants, prosecutors should be more engaged during this process, and they should be efficient and not biased while taking into consideration auditors’ findings. Another suggestion was made for CSOs to be better profiled as a way to better monitor projects and reveal irregularities.

When asked if the municipality has a Memorandum of Cooperation with any CSO, a representative from the Municipality of Prizren/Prizren claimed that the municipality cooperates with civil societies only if it is in its interest to be transparent.

Topic V: Municipalities Transparency about Procurement Activities

The last part of the focus group aimed to find the level of municipal transparency on procurement activities. During this part, participants were asked about the published procurement activity information on municipal websites. Afterwards, they discussed the challenges that were of interest of municipal transparency, effectiveness and accountability in regard of the public procurement.

- Do municipalities publish procurement activity information in their websites?

The focus group results indicated that all participants considered that a lot of municipalities do not publish public procurement activity information on their websites. This, according to them, led to difficulties in having access to the information related to procurement projects. Even for those municipalities that publish procurement activities, it was reported that there is a lack of information and data updates. A representative from Pejë/Peć reasoned that this lack of data could be due to the standardization of websites, thus, causing problems for officials to publish the contracts and update them.

- In your opinion, is the process of a winning bidder selection available for everyone to see?

While the process of a winning bidder selection is published on the E-procurement platform, some participants agreed on the fact that the evaluation process of bids is not public, and they did not have access in this process. Others stated that this process is available for every CSO representative who requests to observe the process and it is always approved by the municipalities.

- At the end: do you think that there is any issue/challenge which is of interest of municipal transparency, effectiveness and accountability in regard of the public procurement as well as the E-procurement platform, that was not discussed in this group?

Lastly, when considering the issues of interest of municipal transparency, effectiveness, and accountability concerning public procurement, there were different types of issues listed by different participants. One of the participants stated that transparency should be their main focus. He stated that municipalities should be more transparent on the use of public funds, while not only publishing the budget plan but justifying the expenses of the municipalities.

Another statement found on the results of the focus group was the training of local level organizations. According to a few participants, local-level organizations lacked professional and financial capacities. Moreover, they stated that local level organizations should be profiled on the procurement process before they are given the chance to monitor it.

“Small organizations that operate in the local level, find it hard to monitor procurement processes or projects. They just do not have the human and financial capacities; they do not have the expertise, either” CSO representative from Prishtinë/ Priština Besides, it was noted by some participants from Prizren/Prizren and Gjilan/Gnjilane, that municipalities that did not have USAID TEAM’s expertise and support, show more negligence towards different processes. According to them, USAID TEAM should continue to provide professional support to the NGOs and municipalities, to have the same success as the five focus municipalities of USAID TEAM. In addition, representatives from the Municipality of Ferizaj/Uroševac considered that publishing a detailed report for every stage of the procurement and carrying out this process electronically, would lower the chances of misusing and modifying documents.

Conclusions and Recommendations from Focus Groups Discussions The results of the focus group discussions and in-depth interviews provide some specific conclusions regarding the public opinion on the municipal budget, procurement plan, capital projects, perception on municipal corruption, perception on municipal procurement corruption, E-procurement platform, corruption experiences/practices in municipal procurement, monitoring of the municipal projects by municipality/CSOs and municipal transparency about procurement activities.

The following sections provide the conclusions derived from each of the focus group discussions.

Discussion with Business Representatives

Information on Municipal Budget, Procurement Plan, and Capital Projects In general, unlike business representatives from municipalities who do not bid in capital projects, the businesses who do are informed about the municipal budget. However, there are differences among participants of two participating municipalities. Representatives from the Municipality of Gjilan/Gnjilane and Suharekë/Suva Reka do not have proper information regards this matter. Lack of interest in requesting the information on budget and denied requests for such information is found among these representatives.

Regarding the information on the annual procurement plans of municipalities, there are differences found in municipalities who bid and those who do not bid in local government projects. Business representatives from Pejë/ Peć, Gjakovë/ Djakovica, Ferizaj/Uroševac, Shtime/Štimlje, and Lipjan/Lipljane have low to no interest in searching this information, while business representatives from the municipalities who bid in local government projects are informed due to their participation in this process.

Furthermore, study results indicate that there are differences between the participating municipalities, with regards to the level of information toward municipal capital projects. Besides representatives from Prizren/Prizren who have a high level of information towards this issue, the others are not properly informed. Specifically, representatives from the Municipality of Pristina and Suharekë/Suva Reka claim that their municipalities seem to lack transparency towards capital projects, while the Municipality of Gjilan/Gnjilane seems to have a small budget that cannot cover capital projects. Yet, with no differences between the representatives of all municipalities, they are not satisfied with the implementation of capital projects. It was constantly emphasized that nepotism has found its way within the process of capital projects as well.

Based on these conclusions, the following recommendations were derived:

• The information on budget allocation, public procurement and capital projects should be published online where all businesses can be informed, regardless of their participation in local government projects, • Each improvement should be considered as a separate unit and no work should be decided on without taking into account its relation to the balance of the program from both the financial and physical standpoints, • The municipal procurement office should adhere to credible transparency and disclosure standards. All bidders, and preferably also the general public, should easily access the information about all phases of the contracting process, • Politics should not be interfering in any way in the procurement process, and • Budget documents and staff reports should be routinely made public before the political decision-making process begins.

Perception on Municipal Corruption Considering that corruption is a global issue, according to the business representatives from the participating municipalities, corruption is a part of their municipalities as well. For them, this can result in paying exorbitant bribes or having their activity blocked by officials who have been paid off by competitors. In addition to being harmful for the growth and institutional quality of a country, corruption is also a deterrent for both entrepreneurial spirit and activity. As such, they declare that most of the corruption can be seen during tenders, specifically during the phase of request submissions and selection of bidders. Personal greed and political clans within the municipality are considered as the main reasons that cause corruptive practices in municipalities.

Registering the company’s vehicles without winning the bid and notarizing every document seems to disturb the participants of the Municipality of Gjilan/Gnjilane. According to them, these processes are not needed from the beginning of tenders, and as such, they represent a form of corruption, where the technical specifications prove that sometimes the economic operator is already chosen. However, representatives from the Municipality of Pristina do not correspond with this opinion. Based on their answers and opinions, even though they agree on the level of corruption within the municipality, they do not have the same issues as the aforementioned representatives.

Further, business representatives who do not use the opportunity to bid in local government projects, list the presence of corruption and interference of politics in local government as the main reasons they do not use this opportunity.

Based on these conclusions, the following recommendations were drawn:

• To promote entrepreneurial growth, corruption must be combatted first, and • Provide oversight through current employees, but in a committee structure which would minimize the likelihood that corruption will occur in the oversight process. The committee should take complaints concerning violations of the ethics code and other ethical violations, would investigate the matter itself.

Perception on Municipal Procurement Corruption Based on focus group results, there is a correspondence between representatives’ opinions about their perceptions on municipal procurement corruption. They believe that corruption is present during the pre-tendering phase, for which they blame the people in leading positions within their municipalities.

According to them, this is also the phase where politics can interfere. Even though they declare that corruption is present, they do not directly approve of bribing cases in order to gain favors. Their body language laughter and sarcastic comments among all of the participants can tell an indirect answer to this question. In addition, business representatives from the Municipalities of Gjakovë/Djakovica and Suharekë/Suva Reka claim that there is a tradition of bribes within their municipalities.

Based on these conclusions, the following recommendations were derived:

• There should be integrity pacts that bind contracting authorities and bidding companies into a no-bribes commitment, • The Public Procurement Law should be abided, and • There should be specific standards for procurement officials, which may mitigate the specific risks related to the complexity and characteristics of the public procurement process. The standards for procurement officials - in particular specific restrictions and prohibitions - aim to ensure that officials’ private interests do not improperly influence the performance of their public duties and responsibilities.

E-Procurement Platform Taking into consideration the results of the fourth topic, business representatives from the municipalities who bid in local government projects are familiar with the E- procurement platform and they use it when applying for municipal projects. According to them, information and communication technologies in public procurement can increase transparency and facilitate access to public tenders. By reducing the direct interaction between procurers and companies, E-procurement can improve outreach and competition.

However, when taking into account issues regarding this platform, the blockage of this platform while bidding is one of their main concerns. According to the participants, it is worth mentioning that tenders get canceled, if they are made during the blocked period. It can also be said, that participants consider this platform as a way of lowering the level of corruption. E-procurement has also lowered the chances of modifying documents after the bidding process.

Therefore, it can be concluded that E-procurement, can increase transparency, facilitate access to public tenders, reduce direct interaction between procurement officials and companies, increase outreach and competition, and allow for easier

71 detection of irregularities and corruption, such as bid-rigging schemes. The digitalization of procurement processes strengthens internal anti-corruption controls and detection of integrity breaches, and it provides audit services trails that may facilitate investigation activities.

Corruption Experiences and Practices in Municipal Procurement When talking about corruption experiences, although through the discomfort this question causes, some representatives declare that there are circumstances where they have been indirectly asked for bribes. Representatives from all municipalities, do not believe that these perpetrators of corruption are adequately punished. The presence of organized crime within our institutions seems to be the reason judicial processes are not accurately completed.

While the results show that there are differences among private and public sector, portraying the public sector as more influenced by politics and nepotism, representatives from all municipalities believe that some companies use informal means in an attempt to influence the decision-makers. However, according to them, only big companies are always successful in their attempts. The belief that this is the only way for a company to survive f in Kosovo, makes a lot of participants from the aforementioned municipality declare that they would also use informal means if they are given the chance.

Furthermore, transparency and the ambiguity of laws are considered as the main reasons for corruptive issues during procurement processes. Most of the participants do not consider their municipalities efficient in fighting corruptive practices. Considering this, according to business representatives, corruptive practices represent more than 80 percent of irregular procurement processes according to the participants from all municipalities. Also, deliberately biased specifications and biased selection process were considered as the main reasons for the lack of offers in competitions.

Recommendations drawn out of these discussions were the following:

• Perpetrators of corruption should be adequately punished, and the law should be enforced, • Municipalities should ensure an efficient fight against corruption, and • The tendering process should reinforce transparency and accountability by ensuring that the following information is published on the website: areas where public contracting will take place, the criteria for adjudication of public contracts, the applicable timelines, the tendering documents, the list of prequalified contractors (including information from interested parties), requests for clarification, and possible amendments to the tendering procedure.

Monitoring of the Municipal Projects by Municipalities The last part of the discussion was focused on the process of monitoring the municipal projects by municipalities. As results indicate, participants believe that even though there are monitoring supervisors, politics and corruption find its way in influencing them.

While some of the participants state that the residents of the municipality should be part of the monitoring process, others disapprove this, claiming that most of the time residents interfere in the implementation process without having the proper information.

Based on these conclusions, the following recommendations were drawn:

• Monitoring staff should be well trained. Key functions should be separated to ensure that responsibility for demand assessment, preparation, selection, contracting, supervision, and control of a project is assigned to separate bodies. • European procurement processes (Germany and Netherland) should be taken as an example for Kosovo procurement process, • USAID TEAM should enlarge its focus in other municipalities as well, to supervise the procurement processes.

Discussion with CSO Representatives

Information on Municipal Budget, Procurement Plan, and Capital Projects The focus group results indicated that there are small to no differences between the answers of business representatives and CSO representatives. In general, there is a good level of information on the municipal budget, procurement plan and capital projects among the representatives of CSOs, while mentioning also other municipalities besides the ones they work in. According to this, the Municipality of Pristina and Vushtrri/Vučitrn are considered as more responsible toward the aforementioned processes.

Regardless of the level of responsibility some municipalities have, they are considered to have a small budget and to violate the timeframe of projects. This way, according to the participants, a lot of capital projects remain unfinished and different problems arise when it comes to their implementation. Some believe that a lot of municipal governances only work on their projects during the last two years of their governance to influence their citizens' perception. In addition, CSO representatives from Ferizaj/ Uroševac claim that projects are not implemented as foreseen by the plan.

Taking into consideration the results of the last part, a conclusion can be drawn that there are similarities in the way of thinking among the participants of these focus groups when it comes to the procedures and accountability governing the allocation and use of public funds in municipalities. The majority of the participants are likely to believe that municipalities do not follow very clear schedules and procedures for the

73 aforementioned process, which leads them to believe that there is space for interference and corruption. Therefore:

• Municipalities should improve the program and financial planning. Timely reports are also essential to allow senior management or a budget division to review and recommend approval of departmental requests to transfer funds between appropriation lines in the budget, • Facilitate the sharing of information to assist other municipalities to adopt leading procurement practices through the digitalization of public procurement, • The availability of good, reliable data is essential; therefore, data archives of municipalities with regards to municipal budget should be more organized, and • Projects should be monitored by supervisors and CSOs in order to be implemented as planned.

Perception on Municipal Corruption Furthermore, this part of the discussion concludes the same results in both focus group discussions that were held. Alike business representatives, CSO representatives also believe that there is a high level of municipal corruption, in the municipalities where they operate. They seem to believe that corruption is present in most of the sectors, affecting 70 percent of the projects, mainly in public procurement and the urbanism sector. Politics seems to be the main cause of corruption, according to the majority of these participants.

Moreover, there is a level of belief among participants that bribing action stops the moment they find out the person is from a CSO. Fear of being publicly reported by CSOs was considered as the main reason for the lack or indirection of bribing requests.

As a result, the following recommendations should be addressed:

• There should be a special focus on the procurement law and its proper enforcement, • The law should foresee adequate penalties for companies that disregard the contract terms, and • Increase citizens’ awareness about reporting corruption in their municipality.

Perception on Municipal Procurement Corruption Conclusions on this topic are no different from the participants’ perceptions on municipal corruption. The majority of them believe that there is corruption during the procurement process, especially during the pre-tendering phase. According to the participants, during the pre-tendering phase, technical specifications of the bidding requests are altered. Politics and municipality itself seem to be the ones to blame for the level of corruption. While considering these statements, it is of no surprise that they also believe that this is also the reason for the lack of punishment.

Differently, representatives from Ferizaj/ Uroševac believe that the tendering phase is the most corrupted. In general, representatives blame the municipality and politics for the presence of corruption in the procurement process.

As a result, the following recommendations should be addressed:

• Description of the relevant legal framework and presentation of amendments adopted in the year under review, and activities and tasks planned by the Public Procurement Office (PPO) for the following year, • Centralize all municipal procurement processes in one secure location, improving efficiency, and • Inform municipalities of any new, more effective method of procurement.

Monitoring of the Municipal Projects by CSOs The study results indicate that half of the participants believe that CSOs should be given access to tender dossier evaluation sheets, while the other half believes that CSOs of local levels are not trained for this area.

Taking into consideration the municipalities’ readiness to cooperate with CSOs and give them access to monitor the municipal projects, results derive from one main perspective from different participants. As such, they believe that municipalities deny this process to CSOs only when they are corrupted and have malicious intent. According to one participant from the Municipality of Prizren/Prizren, municipalities agree on cooperation only when it is in their interest to be transparent.

Regardless of their opinion in the lack of professionals as adequate mechanisms for the monitoring of the public procurement process and the detection and sanctioning of misconduct in public procurement, participants consider auditors and prosecutors as such mechanisms. In order to gain professionalism, they proposed the idea of professional training, which would raise the capacities and knowledge of auditors and prosecutors on procurement processes.

As a result, the following recommendations should be addressed:

• Allow municipalities to easily identify any gaps in their existing policies and procedures, • The policy goals and objectives of the public procurement system should be consistent over time, and • The effectiveness of monitoring depends on official support, guidance and actions.

Municipalities Transparency about Procurement Activities There are a few recommendations that can be concluded from the last part of the focus group discussion with CSOs representatives. The majority of the participants declare that the lack of information on procurement activities from different municipalities in their websites should be arranged, to avoid the difficulties that CSOs

75 face. It can be concluded that transparency of municipalities, especially regarding the use of public funds, budget plan and its execution, and the publication of the evaluation process of bids on E-procurement platform, are considered to be the main recommendations.

Lastly, it is noted that the five focus municipalities of USAID TEAM are more cooperative with CSOs. Therefore, it is recommended that:

• The website should be updated with procurement process information, • Annual report on the functioning of the procurement system should be prepared as a template for other municipalities, and • USAID TEAM should expand its focus on more municipalities, by providing professional support to the NGOs and municipalities.

Annexes Annex 1. Survey Sample No. Municipality No. of Interviews 1 Deçan/Dečane 63 2 Dragash/Dragaš 53 3 Ferizaj/Uroševac 179 4 Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo Polje 54 5 Gjakovë/Djakovia 155 6 Gjilan/Gnjilane 145 7 Gllogoc/Glogovac 93 8 Graçanicë/Gračanica 23 9 Hani i Elezit/Elez Han 40 10 Istog/Istok 63 11 Junik/Junik 40 12 Kaçanik /Kačanik 52 13 Kamenicë/Kamenica 57 14 Klinë/Klina 60 15 Kllokot/Klokot 20 16 Leposaviq/Leposavić 25 17 Lipjan/Lipljane 92 18 Malishevë/Mališevo 85 19 Mamushë/Mamuša 20 20 Mitrovica e Jugut/Južna Mitrovica 112 Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 21 23 Mitrovica 22 Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 23 23 Obiliq/Obilić 34 24 Partesh/Parteš 20 25 Pejë/Peć 155 26 Podujevë/Podujevo 141 27 Pristina 318 28 Prizren/Prizren 284 29 Rahovec/Orahovac 90 30 Ranillug/Ranilug 20 31 Shtërpcë/Štrpce 23 32 Shtime/Štimlje 43 33 Skënderaj/Srbica 79 34 Suharekë/Suva Reka 96 35 Viti/Vitina 73 36 Vushtrri/Vučitrn 114 37 Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok 23 38 Zveçan/Zvečan 23 Total 3,013

Annex 2. Results for Focus Municipalities

1. What are the three most important problems that you are facing as a citizen in your municipality? Road Corruption Unemployment Crime Infrastructure Pristina 45.3% 38.1% 67.9% 11.6% Gjilan/Gnjilane 19.3% 33.8% 69.0% 20.7% Pejë/Peć 14.2% 5.2% 92.3% 2.6% Prizren/Prizren 9.5% 56.7% 91.2% 8.8% Gjakovë/Đakovica 16.1% 58.1% 85.8% 8.4% Podujevë/Podujevo 31.9% 36.9% 87.2% 2.1% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 40.4% 36.0% 74.6% 4.4% Istog/Istok 20.6% 31.7% 79.4% 0.0% Decan/Dečani 4.8% 47.6% 93.7% 19.0% Suharekë/Suva Reka 4.2% 30.2% 86.5% 15.6% Rahovec/Orahovac 44.4% 78.9% 90.0% 1.1% Lipjan/Lipljan 35.9% 18.5% 89.1% 1.1% Ferizaj/Uroševac 45.8% 32.4% 86.0% 5.6% Junik/Junik 2.5% 17.5% 100.0% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 0.0% 32.5% 100.0% 0.0%

1. What are the three most important problems that you are facing as a citizen in your municipality?

Poverty/Low Poor Poor water Poor transport standard of healthcare supply services living sercives Pristina 24.5% 9.4% 23.9% 5.7% Gjilan/Gnjilane 33.8% 25.5% 35.9% 13.1% Pejë/Peć 62.6% 12.3% 13.5% 4.5% Prizren/Prizren 37.3% 3.2% 44.7% 3.9% Gjakovë/Đakovica 60.6% 3.2% 29.0% 7.7% Podujevë/Podujevo 63.1% 16.3% 26.2% 2.1% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 38.6% 35.1% 21.9% 14.0% Istog/Istok 19.0% 39.7% 0.0% 1.6% Decan/Dečani 76.2% 7.9% 23.8% 1.6% Suharekë/Suva Reka 81.3% 9.4% 18.8% 10.4% Rahovec/Orahovac 15.6% 11.1% 35.6% 2.2% Lipjan/Lipljan 39.1% 48.9% 21.7% 5.4% Ferizaj/Uroševac 39.1% 33.5% 29.6% 3.4% Junik/Junik 35.0% 0.0% 70.0% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 17.5% 57.5% 35.0% 45.0%

1. What are the three most important problems that you are facing as a citizen in your municipality? Poor quality Poor function of education at Dysfunctional rubbish preschool, Ilegal municipal collection elementary construction administration service and secondary level Pristina 20.8% 17.6% 15.7% 9.7% Gjilan/Gnjilane 2.8% 22.1% 0.0% 2.1% Pejë/Peć 4.5% 14.2% 0.6% 2.6% Prizren/Prizren 7.0% 9.5% 1.1% 1.4% Gjakovë/Đakovica 7.7% 9.7% 0.6% 1.9% Podujevë/Podujevo 11.3% 14.2% 2.1% 2.8% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 11.4% 9.6% 2.6% 0.9% Istog/Istok 1.6% 4.8% 0.0% 0.0% Decan/Dečani 6.3% 4.8% 3.2% 0.0% Suharekë/Suva Reka 14.6% 4.2% 3.1% 2.1% Rahovec/Orahovac 1.1% 1.1% 6.7% 7.8% Lipjan/Lipljan 16.3% 18.5% 0.0% 0.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 7.8% 6.7% 0.0% 2.2% Junik/Junik 5.0% 22.5% 0.0% 15.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Employment in Refuse to the informal Other Don't know answer market/economy Pristina 8.5% 0.0% 1.3% 0.0% Gjilan/Gnjilane 18.6% 2.8% 0.0% 0.0% Pejë/Peć 44.5% 21.9% 0.0% 0.0% Prizren/Prizren 19.0% 5.3% 1.4% 0.4% Gjakovë/Đakovica 9.7% 1.3% 0.0% 0.0% Podujevë/Podujevo 2.8% 0.7% 0.0% 0.0% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 4.4% 5.3% 0.9% 0.0% Istog/Istok 71.4% 31.7% 0.0% 0.0% Decan/Dečani 7.9% 3.2% 0.0% 0.0% Suharekë/Suva Reka 13.5% 3.1% 2.1% 0.0% Rahovec/Orahovac 4.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 1.1% 4.3% 0.0% 0.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 7.3% 0.6% 0.0% 0.0% Junik/Junik 2.5% 30.0% 0.0% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 12.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

2. Can you please tell me, how much do you trust your local government on a scale from 1 – 7 (where 1 is the lowest and 7 is the highest score)? Municipality Mean Pristina 3.25 Gjilan/Gnjilane 3.78 Pejë/Peć 4.01 Prizren/Prizren 3.73

Gjakovë/Đakovica 3.55 Podujevë/Podujevo 3.74 Vushtrri/Vučitrn 3.79 Istog/Istok 3.43 Decan/Dečani 3.10 Suharekë/Suva Reka 3.43 Rahovec/Orahovac 2.40 Lipjan/Lipljan 4.80 Ferizaj/Uroševac 3.87 Junik/Junik 4.20 Han i Elezit/Elez Han 4.10 Total 3.64

3. Can you please tell me, how satisfied are you with the municipal services in general? Refuse Very Somewhat Somewhat Very Don't to satisfied satisfied dissatisfied dissatisfied know answer Pristina 5.0% 55.0% 23.0% 16.0% 0.6% 0.3% Gjilan/Gnjilane 21.4% 36.6% 23.4% 17.9% 0.7% Pejë/Peć 9.7% 71.0% 9.0% 10.3% Prizren/Prizren 7.4% 77.8% 9.2% 5.3% 0.4% Gjakovë/Đakovica 7.1% 29.7% 54.2% 9.0% Podujevë/Podujevo 8.5% 44.7% 27.0% 18.4% 1.4% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 7.0% 53.5% 22.8% 14.9% 1.8% Istog/Istok 4.8% 47.6% 27.0% 20.6% Decan/Dečani 33.3% 63.5% 3.2% Suharekë/Suva 5.2% 40.6% 53.1% 1.0% Reka Rahovec/Orahovac 7.8% 47.8% 20.0% 24.4% Lipjan/Lipljan 28.3% 56.5% 8.7% 6.5% Ferizaj/Uroševac 13.4% 52.5% 25.1% 7.8% 1.1% Junik/Junik 15.0% 62.5% 17.5% 5.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 85.0% 15.0%

4a. How satisfied are you with the your Municipal Mayor fulfilling electoral promises since the last municipal elections in 2017? Very Somewhat Somewhat Very Don't Refuse to satisfied satisfied dissatisfied dissatisfied know answer Pristina 3.5% 46.9% 24.2% 24.2% 0.9% 0.3% Gjilan/Gnjilane 6.9% 41.4% 33.8% 17.9% Pejë/Peć 28.4% 52.9% 11.6% 7.1% Prizren/Prizren 8.8% 68.0% 13.4% 9.2% 0.4% 0.4% Gjakovë/Đakovica 9.0% 40.0% 44.5% 6.5% Podujevë/Podujevo 7.1% 40.4% 31.9% 19.9% 0.7% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 7.9% 50.0% 24.6% 16.7% 0.9% Istog/Istok 7.9% 44.4% 19.0% 28.6% Decan/Dečani 52.4% 44.4% 3.2%

Suharekë/Suva 5.2% 58.3% 35.4% 1.0% Reka Rahovec/Orahovac 8.9% 34.4% 26.7% 30.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 32.6% 53.3% 7.6% 6.5% Ferizaj/Uroševac 19.0% 56.4% 14.5% 9.5% 0.6% Junik/Junik 27.5% 55.0% 10.0% 7.5% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 85.0% 15.0%

Pristina 4.1% 47.8% 21.4% 21.7% 4.4% 0.6% Gjilan/Gnjilane 2.1% 29.7% 33.8% 30.3% 4.1% Pejë/Peć 11.0% 71.0% 10.3% 7.7% Prizren/Prizren 5.6% 73.9% 14.4% 5.6% 0.4% Gjakovë/Đakovica 6.5% 36.1% 49.7% 7.7% Podujevë/Podujevo 9.9% 39.7% 29.1% 18.4% 2.8% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 5.3% 52.6% 25.4% 15.8% 0.9% Istog/Istok 4.8% 46.0% 28.6% 20.6% Decan/Dečani 44.4% 55.6% Suharekë/Suva 7.3% 41.7% 45.8% 3.1% 1.0% 1.0% Reka Rahovec/Orahovac 7.8% 35.6% 24.4% 32.2% Lipjan/Lipljan 17.4% 64.1% 8.7% 7.6% 2.2% Ferizaj/Uroševac 10.6% 50.3% 26.8% 10.6% 1.7% Junik/Junik 15.0% 62.5% 17.5% 5.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 87.5% 12.5%

4c. How satisfied are you the work of your Municipal Administration since the last municipal elections in 2017? Very Somewhat Somewhat Very Don't Refuse to satisfied satisfied dissatisfied dissatisfied know answer Pristina 9.7% 46.2% 18.9% 19.5% 5.0% 0.6% Gjilan/Gnjilane 11.7% 52.4% 26.2% 6.2% 3.4% Pejë/Peć 11.0% 71.0% 11.0% 7.1% Prizren/Prizren 7.0% 77.8% 9.5% 4.9% 0.4% 0.4% Gjakovë/Đakovica 7.1% 46.5% 39.4% 7.1% Podujevë/Podujevo 10.6% 58.2% 21.3% 9.9% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 6.1% 54.4% 27.2% 11.4% 0.9% Istog/Istok 4.8% 46.0% 27.0% 22.2% Decan/Dečani 50.8% 47.6% 1.6% Suharekë/Suva 7.3% 51.0% 37.5% 3.1% 1.0% Reka Rahovec/Orahovac 8.9% 42.2% 26.7% 22.2%

Lipjan/Lipljan 21.7% 59.8% 13.0% 3.3% 2.2% Ferizaj/Uroševac 18.4% 61.5% 16.2% 2.8% 1.1% Junik/Junik 15.0% 72.5% 10.0% 2.5% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 87.5% 12.5%

5. Tell me, to what extent are you satisfied with the following aspects of municipal administration. Would you say that you are very satisfied, somewhat satisfied, somewhat unsatisfied or very unsatisfied with... Implementation of public projects Very Somewhat Somewhat Very Don't Refuse to satisfied satisfied dissatisfied dissatisfied know answer Pristina 7.2% 46.2% 23.9% 15.7% 5.7% 1.3% Gjilan/Gnjilane 14.5% 49.0% 28.3% 4.8% 3.4% Pejë/Peć 31.0% 42.6% 18.7% 5.8% 1.9% Prizren/Prizren 19.0% 60.6% 15.5% 4.6% 0.4% Gjakovë/Đakovica 11.0% 56.8% 26.5% 5.8% Podujevë/Podujevo 16.3% 38.3% 24.1% 20.6% 0.7% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 11.4% 43.9% 29.8% 14.0% 0.9% Istog/Istok 1.6% 36.5% 36.5% 25.4% Decan/Dečani 11.1% 77.8% 11.1% Suharekë/Suva 4.2% 81.3% 12.5% 2.1% Reka Rahovec/Orahovac 8.9% 32.2% 31.1% 26.7% 1.1% Lipjan/Lipljan 34.8% 47.8% 10.9% 4.3% 2.2% Ferizaj/Uroševac 23.5% 57.0% 11.7% 5.0% 1.1% 1.7% Junik/Junik 15.0% 65.0% 15.0% 5.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 90.0% 10.0%

Recruitment of municipal staff Very Somewhat Somewhat Very Don't Refuse to satisfied satisfied dissatisfied dissatisfied know answer Pristina 13.2% 34.0% 23.9% 18.2% 8.2% 2.5% Gjilan/Gnjilane 8.3% 31.7% 35.2% 17.9% 6.9% Pejë/Peć 11.0% 57.4% 20.6% 4.5% 6.5% Prizren/Prizren 10.6% 61.6% 23.9% 2.8% 1.1% Gjakovë/Đakovica 18.1% 33.5% 41.3% 5.8% 1.3% Podujevë/Podujevo 16.3% 35.5% 29.8% 14.9% 3.5% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 12.3% 41.2% 25.4% 14.0% 7.0% Istog/Istok 1.6% 34.9% 39.7% 23.8% Decan/Dečani 60.3% 23.8% 15.9% Suharekë/Suva 44.8% 35.4% 16.7% 3.1% Reka Rahovec/Orahovac 11.1% 34.4% 26.7% 26.7% 1.1% Lipjan/Lipljan 34.8% 40.2% 16.3% 3.3% 4.3% 1.1% Ferizaj/Uroševac 16.8% 48.6% 20.1% 7.3% 5.0% 2.2% Junik/Junik 15.0% 62.5% 15.0% 7.5% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 90.0% 10.0%

Management of municipal public finance Very Somewhat Somewhat Very Don't Refuse to satisfied satisfied dissatisfied dissatisfied know answer Pristina 8.5% 32.7% 22.3% 26.4% 7.2% 2.8% Gjilan/Gnjilane 8.3% 22.1% 43.4% 19.3% 6.9% Pejë/Peć 12.3% 55.5% 20.6% 5.2% 6.5% Prizren/Prizren 12.0% 56.0% 26.1% 4.2% 1.8% Gjakovë/Đakovica 14.2% 55.5% 22.6% 7.1% 0.6% Podujevë/Podujevo 12.1% 40.4% 27.0% 19.1% 1.4% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 7.9% 36.0% 27.2% 22.8% 4.4% 1.8% Istog/Istok 1.6% 28.6% 30.2% 39.7% Decan/Dečani 20.6% 69.8% 9.5% Suharekë/Suva 7.3% 75.0% 17.7% Reka Rahovec/Orahovac 11.1% 21.1% 35.6% 32.2% Lipjan/Lipljan 30.4% 44.6% 12.0% 10.9% 2.2% Ferizaj/Uroševac 12.8% 50.3% 19.6% 12.3% 2.8% 2.2% Junik/Junik 15.0% 60.0% 17.5% 7.5% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 90.0% 10.0%

6. How informed are you about the work of your municipality in general? Not Very Somewhat Somewhat Don't Refuse to informed informed informed uninformed know answer at all Pristina 3.1% 45.6% 24.8% 22.3% 3.8% 0.3% Gjilan/Gnjilane 0.7% 24.8% 36.6% 37.9% Pejë/Peć 1.3% 27.7% 30.3% 40.0% 0.6% Prizren/Prizren 4.2% 47.5% 21.5% 26.8% Gjakovë/Đakovica 1.9% 34.2% 49.0% 14.8% Podujevë/Podujevo 9.9% 38.3% 34.0% 17.7% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 4.4% 47.4% 33.3% 13.2% 1.8% Istog/Istok 3.2% 17.5% 28.6% 50.8% Decan/Dečani 1.6% 38.1% 58.7% 1.6% Suharekë/Suva 3.1% 33.3% 58.3% 5.2% Reka Rahovec/Orahovac 10.0% 46.7% 21.1% 22.2% Lipjan/Lipljan 4.3% 52.2% 15.2% 27.2% 1.1% Ferizaj/Uroševac 1.7% 42.5% 36.9% 19.0% Junik/Junik 2.5% 15.0% 55.0% 27.5% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 12.5% 55.0% 32.5%

Gjakovë/Đakovica 1.9% 37.4% 49.0% 11.6% Podujevë/Podujevo 2.1% 20.6% 46.8% 29.1% 1.4% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 2.6% 38.6% 24.6% 33.3% 0.9% Istog/Istok 1.6% 11.1% 17.5% 69.8% Decan/Dečani 68.3% 28.6% 1.6% 1.6% Suharekë/Suva 2.1% 22.9% 54.2% 20.8% Reka Rahovec/Orahovac 8.9% 36.7% 18.9% 35.6% Lipjan/Lipljan 3.3% 32.6% 19.6% 44.6% Ferizaj/Uroševac 5.0% 39.1% 24.6% 31.3% Junik/Junik 2.5% 15.0% 55.0% 27.5% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 72.5% 27.5%

NAO report Not Very Somewhat Somewhat Don’t Refuse to informed informed informed uninformed know answer at all Pristina 3.1% 15.4% 21.7% 55.3% 2.8% 1.6% Gjilan/Gnjilane 0.7% 10.3% 35.9% 51.7% 1.4% Pejë/Peć 1.9% 11.0% 27.1% 56.8% 3.2% Prizren/Prizren 1.1% 15.8% 33.8% 48.9% 0.4% Gjakovë/Đakovica 2.6% 43.9% 37.4% 15.5% 0.6% Podujevë/Podujevo 1.4% 22.7% 31.2% 44.0% 0.7% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 0.9% 21.9% 30.7% 42.1% 4.4% Istog/Istok 1.6% 9.5% 15.9% 73.0% Decan/Dečani 7.9% 41.3% 44.4% 6.3% Suharekë/Suva 3.1% 27.1% 46.9% 22.9% Reka Rahovec/Orahovac 7.8% 33.3% 23.3% 35.6% Lipjan/Lipljan 2.2% 26.1% 27.2% 44.6% Ferizaj/Uroševac 1.7% 18.4% 45.8% 34.1% Junik/Junik 2.5% 7.5% 62.5% 27.5% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 72.5% 27.5%

Procurement plan Not Very Somewhat Somewhat Don’t Refuse to informed informed informed uninformed know answer at all Pristina 1.3% 10.1% 21.1% 61.0% 3.8% 2.8% Gjilan/Gnjilane 15.2% 31.7% 51.7% 1.4% Pejë/Peć 1.9% 11.0% 28.4% 55.5% 3.2% Prizren/Prizren 1.1% 18.7% 30.6% 49.6% Gjakovë/Đakovica 1.3% 28.4% 50.3% 20.0% Podujevë/Podujevo 2.1% 12.8% 48.2% 35.5% 1.4% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 23.7% 27.2% 43.0% 4.4% 1.8% Istog/Istok 3.2% 4.8% 19.0% 73.0% Decan/Dečani 7.9% 34.9% 50.8% 6.3% Suharekë/Suva 2.1% 28.1% 52.1% 17.7% Reka

Rahovec/Orahovac 7.8% 32.2% 21.1% 38.9% Lipjan/Lipljan 2.2% 22.8% 30.4% 44.6% Ferizaj/Uroševac 2.2% 15.1% 39.7% 43.0% Junik/Junik 2.5% 10.0% 60.0% 27.5% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 72.5% 27.5%

Procurement activities Not Very Somewhat Somewhat Don’t Refuse to informed informed informed uninformed know answer at all Pristina 0.9% 11.3% 19.5% 59.7% 6.6% 1.9% Gjilan/Gnjilane 0.7% 9.7% 33.1% 55.9% 0.7% Pejë/Peć 1.9% 10.3% 27.7% 56.8% 3.2% Prizren/Prizren 0.7% 18.7% 31.7% 48.9% Gjakovë/Đakovica 2.6% 32.9% 47.7% 16.8% Podujevë/Podujevo 2.1% 14.9% 43.3% 38.3% 1.4% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 0.9% 14.9% 34.2% 43.9% 5.3% 0.9% Istog/Istok 1.6% 7.9% 17.5% 73.0% Decan/Dečani 9.5% 42.9% 42.9% 4.8% Suharekë/Suva Reka 1.0% 27.1% 47.9% 22.9% 1.0% Rahovec/Orahovac 7.8% 32.2% 21.1% 38.9% Lipjan/Lipljan 2.2% 22.8% 34.8% 40.2% Ferizaj/Uroševac 1.1% 14.0% 41.3% 43.6% Junik/Junik 2.5% 12.5% 57.5% 27.5% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 72.5% 27.5%

Municipal Public Expenditures Reports Not Very Somewhat Somewhat Don't Refuse to informed informed informed uninformed know answer at all Pristina 1.3% 12.3% 22.0% 55.0% 6.0% 3.5% Gjilan/Gnjilane 20.0% 24.8% 53.8% 1.4% Pejë/Peć 2.6% 11.6% 27.1% 55.5% 3.2% Prizren/Prizren 2.1% 26.1% 25.0% 46.8% Gjakovë/Đakovica 2.6% 35.5% 47.7% 14.2% Podujevë/Podujevo 1.4% 17.7% 41.8% 38.3% 0.7% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 1.8% 23.7% 36.8% 34.2% 2.6% 0.9% Istog/Istok 3.2% 9.5% 20.6% 66.7% Decan/Dečani 3.2% 49.2% 44.4% 3.2% Suharekë/Suva 2.1% 21.9% 55.2% 20.8% Reka Rahovec/Orahovac 8.9% 33.3% 18.9% 38.9% Lipjan/Lipljan 3.3% 19.6% 30.4% 46.7% Ferizaj/Uroševac 2.8% 19.0% 39.1% 39.1% Junik/Junik 2.5% 12.5% 57.5% 27.5% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 72.5% 27.5%

Municipal Financial Reports Not Very Somewhat Somewhat Don't Refuse to informed informed informed uninformed know answer at all Pristina 0.9% 14.5% 17.6% 55.3% 9.7% 1.9% Gjilan/Gnjilane 15.2% 28.3% 55.9% 0.7% Pejë/Peć 2.6% 11.6% 28.4% 54.2% 3.2% Prizren/Prizren 1.8% 24.3% 27.1% 46.8% Gjakovë/Đakovica 3.2% 28.4% 49.0% 19.4% Podujevë/Podujevo 2.8% 12.1% 39.7% 43.3% 2.1% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 0.9% 27.2% 35.1% 34.2% 2.6% Istog/Istok 1.6% 6.3% 25.4% 66.7% Decan/Dečani 1.6% 54.0% 42.9% 1.6% Suharekë/Suva 2.1% 25.0% 49.0% 24.0% Reka Rahovec/Orahovac 8.9% 33.3% 16.7% 41.1% Lipjan/Lipljan 2.2% 26.1% 26.1% 45.7% Ferizaj/Uroševac 1.1% 16.8% 42.5% 39.7% Junik/Junik 2.5% 12.5% 57.5% 27.5% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 72.5% 27.5%

Municipal Public Investments Reports Not Very Somewhat Somewhat Don't Refuse to informed informed informed uninformed know answer at all Pristina 1.3% 13.2% 22.3% 56.3% 5.3% 1.6% Gjilan/Gnjilane 11.7% 33.1% 54.5% 0.7% Pejë/Peć 2.6% 14.8% 29.0% 50.3% 3.2% Prizren/Prizren 3.2% 28.2% 23.2% 45.4% Gjakovë/Đakovica 1.9% 34.8% 48.4% 14.8% Podujevë/Podujevo 2.8% 23.4% 36.2% 36.9% 0.7% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 0.9% 26.3% 33.3% 36.8% 2.6% Istog/Istok 3.2% 17.5% 38.1% 41.3% Decan/Dečani 1.6% 38.1% 54.0% 6.3% Suharekë/Suva 1.0% 16.7% 56.3% 26.0% Reka Rahovec/Orahovac 10.0% 34.4% 16.7% 38.9% Lipjan/Lipljan 2.2% 18.5% 32.6% 46.7% Ferizaj/Uroševac 1.7% 15.1% 44.1% 39.1% Junik/Junik 2.5% 15.0% 55.0% 27.5% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 72.5% 27.5%

Municipal regulations and plans Not Very Somewhat Somewhat Don't Refuse to informed informed informed uninformed know answer at all Pristina 1.9% 11.9% 23.6% 54.4% 4.4% 3.8% Gjilan/Gnjilane 1.4% 14.5% 33.8% 49.7% 0.7% Pejë/Peć 1.3% 15.5% 29.0% 51.0% 3.2% Prizren/Prizren 2.5% 25.4% 26.1% 46.1%

Gjakovë/Đakovica 3.9% 23.9% 53.5% 18.7% Podujevë/Podujevo 2.1% 11.3% 44.0% 41.1% 1.4% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 0.9% 20.2% 33.3% 40.4% 4.4% 0.9% Istog/Istok 3.2% 20.6% 31.7% 44.4% Decan/Dečani 1.6% 42.9% 52.4% 3.2% Suharekë/Suva 2.1% 12.5% 42.7% 41.7% 1.0% Reka Rahovec/Orahovac 8.9% 35.6% 17.8% 37.8% Lipjan/Lipljan 2.2% 27.2% 31.5% 39.1% Ferizaj/Uroševac 2.8% 14.5% 44.7% 38.0% Junik/Junik 2.5% 12.5% 57.5% 27.5% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 72.5% 27.5%

Municipal decisions Not Very Somewhat Somewhat Don't Refuse to informed informed informed uninformed know answer at all Pristina 2.2% 17.3% 22.6% 46.9% 5.7% 5.3% Gjilan/Gnjilane 25.5% 30.3% 43.4% 0.7% Pejë/Peć 1.9% 14.8% 29.7% 50.3% 3.2% Prizren/Prizren 3.5% 28.9% 22.2% 45.4% Gjakovë/Đakovica 2.6% 27.7% 52.3% 17.4% Podujevë/Podujevo 2.1% 13.5% 48.9% 34.0% 1.4% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 6.1% 41.2% 27.2% 20.2% 4.4% 0.9% Istog/Istok 3.2% 15.9% 30.2% 50.8% Decan/Dečani 1.6% 31.7% 49.2% 14.3% 1.6% 1.6% Suharekë/Suva 2.1% 10.4% 46.9% 38.5% 2.1% Reka Rahovec/Orahovac 8.9% 34.4% 18.9% 35.6% 2.2% Lipjan/Lipljan 2.2% 26.1% 27.2% 43.5% 1.1% Ferizaj/Uroševac 2.2% 17.3% 42.5% 38.0% Junik/Junik 2.5% 15.0% 55.0% 27.5% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 72.5% 27.5%

8. Are you informed about the municipal budget in your municipality for this year?

Yes No Refuse to answer

Pristina 10.7% 86.5% 2.8% Gjilan/Gnjilane 14.5% 85.5% Pejë/Peć 10.3% 89.7% Prizren/Prizren 10.2% 89.8% Gjakovë/Đakovica 15.5% 84.5% Podujevë/Podujevo 10.6% 88.7% 0.7% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 7.9% 91.2% 0.9% Istog/Istok 12.7% 87.3% Decan/Dečani 11.1% 88.9% Suharekë/Suva Reka 3.1% 96.9% Rahovec/Orahovac 28.9% 71.1% Lipjan/Lipljan 6.5% 93.5%

Ferizaj/Uroševac 11.2% 88.3% 0.6% Junik/Junik 5.0% 95.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 5.0% 95.0%

Yes No Refuse to answer

Pristina 18.9% 78.3% 2.8% Gjilan/Gnjilane 26.2% 73.1% 0.7% Pejë/Peć 13.5% 86.5% Prizren/Prizren 21.5% 78.5% Gjakovë/Đakovica 17.4% 82.6% Podujevë/Podujevo 46.1% 53.9% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 32.5% 66.7% 0.9% Istog/Istok 20.6% 79.4% Decan/Dečani 14.3% 84.1% 1.6% Suharekë/Suva Reka 12.5% 87.5% Rahovec/Orahovac 48.9% 51.1% Lipjan/Lipljan 39.1% 58.7% 2.2% Ferizaj/Uroševac 34.6% 65.4% Junik/Junik 17.5% 82.5% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 55.0% 45.0%

Yes No Refuse to answer

Pristina 27.7% 67.3% 5.0% Gjilan/Gnjilane 44.8% 55.2% Pejë/Peć 16.1% 83.9% Prizren/Prizren 50.7% 49.3% Gjakovë/Đakovica 41.9% 58.1% Podujevë/Podujevo 52.5% 46.8% 0.7% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 46.5% 50.0% 3.5% Istog/Istok 28.6% 71.4% Decan/Dečani 36.5% 63.5% Suharekë/Suva Reka 26.0% 74.0% Rahovec/Orahovac 45.6% 54.4% Lipjan/Lipljan 42.4% 57.6% Ferizaj/Uroševac 30.7% 69.3% Junik/Junik 100.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 15.0% 85.0%

11. How satisfied are you with quality of the capital investments in your municipality? Would you say that you are very satisfied, somewhat satisfied, somewhat unsatisfied or very unsatisfied?

Very Somewhat Somewhat Very Don't Refuse to satisfied satisfied unsatisfied unsatisfied know answer

Pristina 3.4% 44.3% 29.5% 20.5% 2.3% Gjilan/Gnjilane 7.7% 55.4% 30.8% 4.6% 1.5% Pejë/Peć 28.0% 64.0% 8.0% Prizren/Prizren 16.0% 76.4% 5.6% 2.1% Gjakovë/Đakovica 10.8% 60.0% 27.7% 1.5% Podujevë/Podujevo 9.5% 68.9% 17.6% 4.1% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 3.8% 47.2% 34.0% 13.2% 1.9% Istog/Istok 11.1% 27.8% 16.7% 44.4% Decan/Dečani 65.2% 34.8% Suharekë/Suva 4.0% 72.0% 20.0% 4.0% Reka Rahovec/Orahovac 14.6% 29.3% 19.5% 36.6% Lipjan/Lipljan 15.4% 79.5% 5.1% Ferizaj/Uroševac 7.3% 67.3% 18.2% 7.3% Junik/Junik 10.0% 57.5% 27.5% 5.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 100.0%

11b. If you are not satisfied, what do you think is the cause of the poor quality of the projects implemented? Lack of Poor quality of Lack of professional skills the woks monitoring Lack of budget of the municipal provided by mechanism by officials companies municipality Pristina 26.1% 8.7% 23.9% Gjilan/Gnjilane 4.2% 12.5% 33.3% 16.7% Pejë/Peć 50.0% 50.0% Prizren/Prizren 18.2% 36.4% 27.3% Gjakovë/Đakovica 42.1% 36.8% 21.1% Podujevë/Podujevo 6.3% 6.3% 43.8% 43.8% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 3.8% 11.5% 42.3% 15.4% Istog/Istok 27.3% 9.1% 18.2% Decan/Dečani 12.5% 62.5% 25.0% Suharekë/Suva Reka 50.0% 33.3% Rahovec/Orahovac 17.4% Lipjan/Lipljan 100.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 14.3% 7.1% 42.9% 21.4% Junik/Junik 30.8% 23.1% 15.4% 30.8%

11b. If you are not satisfied, what do you think is the cause of the poor quality of the projects implemented? Lack of community involvement in Corruption practices designing and (bribes, fraud, Other monitoring of the nepotism) projects Pristina 10.9% 28.3% 2.2% Gjilan/Gnjilane 8.3% 25.0% Prizren/Prizren 9.1% 9.1% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 7.7% 19.2% Istog/Istok 18.2% 27.3% Suharekë/Suva Reka 16.7% Rahovec/Orahovac 82.6% Ferizaj/Uroševac 14.3%

12. Over the past year, have you…? Attended a municipal public meeting Refuse to Yes No Don't know answer Pristina 9.1% 84.0% 6.0% 0.9% Gjilan/Gnjilane 9.0% 90.3% 0.7% 0.0% Pejë/Peć 2.6% 97.4% 0.0% 0.0% Prizren/Prizren 4.6% 95.4% 0.0% 0.0% Gjakovë/Đakovica 6.5% 88.4% 5.2% 0.0% Podujevë/Podujevo 8.5% 90.1% 1.4% 0.0% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 4.4% 95.6% 0.0% 0.0% Istog/Istok 11.1% 88.9% 0.0% 0.0% Decan/Dečani 11.1% 88.9% 0.0% 0.0% Suharekë/Suva Reka 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Rahovec/Orahovac 14.4% 85.6% 0.0% 0.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 7.6% 92.4% 0.0% 0.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 14.5% 84.9% 0.6% 0.0% Junik/Junik 12.5% 87.5% 0.0% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Attended a public debate Refuse to Yes No Don't know answer Pristina 11.9% 81.1% 4.7% 2.2% Gjilan/Gnjilane 15.2% 82.8% 2.1% 0.0% Pejë/Peć 3.2% 96.8% 0.0% 0.0% Prizren/Prizren 5.6% 94.4% 0.0% 0.0% Gjakovë/Đakovica 7.1% 92.9% 0.0% 0.0% Podujevë/Podujevo 5.0% 92.2% 2.8% 0.0% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 8.8% 91.2% 0.0% 0.0% Istog/Istok 7.9% 92.1% 0.0% 0.0% Decan/Dečani 12.7% 87.3% 0.0% 0.0% Suharekë/Suva Reka 0.0% 99.0% 1.0% 0.0%

Rahovec/Orahovac 17.8% 82.2% 0.0% 0.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 10.9% 89.1% 0.0% 0.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 11.2% 88.3% 0.6% 0.0% Junik/Junik 15.0% 85.0% 0.0% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 5.0% 95.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Attended a budget hearing Refuse to Yes No Don't know answer Pristina 3.8% 78.9% 8.2% 9.1% Gjilan/Gnjilane 11.7% 87.6% 0.7% 0.0% Pejë/Peć 1.9% 98.1% 0.0% 0.0% Prizren/Prizren 1.8% 98.2% 0.0% 0.0% Gjakovë/Đakovica 5.2% 83.9% 9.7% 1.3% Podujevë/Podujevo 1.4% 97.9% 0.7% 0.0% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 0.9% 97.4% 0.0% 1.8% Istog/Istok 4.8% 95.2% 0.0% 0.0% Decan/Dečani 1.6% 98.4% 0.0% 0.0% Suharekë/Suva Reka 1.0% 99.0% 0.0% 0.0% Rahovec/Orahovac 8.9% 91.1% 0.0% 0.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 2.2% 97.8% 0.0% 0.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 5.6% 93.9% 0.6% 0.0% Junik/Junik 5.0% 95.0% 0.0% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Attended a participatory planning meeting at community level

Refuse to Yes No Don't know answer Pristina 3.5% 92.8% 0.6% 3.1% Gjilan/Gnjilane 3.4% 95.2% 1.4% 0.0% Pejë/Peć 3.2% 96.8% 0.0% 0.0% Prizren/Prizren 1.1% 98.9% 0.0% 0.0% Gjakovë/Đakovica 3.9% 94.2% 1.3% 0.6% Podujevë/Podujevo 0.7% 99.3% 0.0% 0.0% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 7.0% 91.2% 1.8% 0.0% Istog/Istok 6.3% 93.7% 0.0% 0.0% Decan/Dečani 3.2% 96.8% 0.0% 0.0% Suharekë/Suva Reka 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Rahovec/Orahovac 5.6% 94.4% 0.0% 0.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 1.1% 98.9% 0.0% 0.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 3.9% 95.5% 0.6% 0.0% Junik/Junik 10.0% 90.0% 0.0% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Signed a petition Refuse to Yes No Don't know answer Pristina 15.4% 81.4% 1.9% 1.3% Gjilan/Gnjilane 28.3% 69.7% 2.1% 0.0% Pejë/Peć 1.9% 97.4% 0.6% 0.0% Prizren/Prizren 3.2% 96.8% 0.0% 0.0% Gjakovë/Đakovica 6.5% 92.3% 0.6% 0.6% Podujevë/Podujevo 2.8% 94.3% 2.8% 0.0% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 11.4% 86.8% 1.8% 0.0% Istog/Istok 3.2% 96.8% 0.0% 0.0% Decan/Dečani 15.9% 84.1% 0.0% 0.0% Suharekë/Suva Reka 4.2% 95.8% 0.0% 0.0% Rahovec/Orahovac 12.2% 87.8% 0.0% 0.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 4.3% 95.7% 0.0% 0.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 16.2% 82.7% 1.1% 0.0% Junik/Junik 17.5% 82.5% 0.0% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Participated in process of identifying priorities Refuse to Yes No Don't know answer Pristina 2.8% 92.8% 2.8% 1.6% Gjilan/Gnjilane 5.5% 92.4% 2.1% 0.0% Pejë/Peć 1.3% 98.7% 0.0% 0.0% Prizren/Prizren 0.4% 99.6% 0.0% 0.0% Gjakovë/Đakovica 1.9% 95.5% 2.6% 0.0% Podujevë/Podujevo 0.7% 96.5% 2.8% 0.0% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 1.8% 96.5% 1.8% 0.0% Istog/Istok 4.8% 95.2% 0.0% 0.0% Decan/Dečani 1.6% 98.4% 0.0% 0.0% Suharekë/Suva Reka 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Rahovec/Orahovac 3.3% 96.7% 0.0% 0.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 1.1% 98.9% 0.0% 0.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 2.8% 96.6% 0.6% 0.0% Junik/Junik 5.0% 95.0% 0.0% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Participated in public meeting related to a capital investment project design Refuse to Yes No Don't know answer Pristina 2.5% 87.4% 5.7% 4.4% Gjilan/Gnjilane 0.0% 98.6% 1.4% 0.0% Pejë/Peć 2.6% 97.4% 0.0% 0.0% Prizren/Prizren 2.5% 97.5% 0.0% 0.0% Gjakovë/Đakovica 1.9% 95.5% 1.9% 0.6%

Podujevë/Podujevo 1.4% 97.9% 0.7% 0.0% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 1.8% 97.4% 0.9% 0.0% Istog/Istok 4.8% 95.2% 0.0% 0.0% Decan/Dečani 3.2% 96.8% 0.0% 0.0% Suharekë/Suva Reka 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Rahovec/Orahovac 7.8% 92.2% 0.0% 0.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 2.2% 97.8% 0.0% 0.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 3.9% 95.5% 0.6% 0.0% Junik/Junik 7.5% 92.5% 0.0% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Been involved in monitoring the implementation of capital investments Yes No Don't know Refuse to answer Pristina 1.3% 88.1% 6.6% 4.1% Gjilan/Gnjilane 6.2% 92.4% 1.4% 0.0% Pejë/Peć 1.3% 98.7% 0.0% 0.0% Prizren/Prizren 0.7% 99.3% 0.0% 0.0% Gjakovë/Đakovica 3.2% 95.5% 1.3% 0.0% Podujevë/Podujevo 0.7% 98.6% 0.7% 0.0% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 0.9% 97.4% 0.9% 0.9% Istog/Istok 1.6% 98.4% 0.0% 0.0% Decan/Dečani 0.0% 98.4% 1.6% 0.0% Suharekë/Suva Reka 0.0% 99.0% 1.0% 0.0% Rahovec/Orahovac 3.3% 96.7% 0.0% 0.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 2.8% 96.1% 1.1% 0.0% Junik/Junik 2.5% 97.5% 0.0% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Junik/Junik 60.0% 32.5% 7.5% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 92.5% 7.5% 0.0% 0.0%

Are public funds misappropriated by directors/public officials? Refuse to Yes No Don't know answer Pristina 51.3% 42.5% 4.1% 2.2% Gjilan/Gnjilane 64.8% 30.3% 4.8% 0.0% Pejë/Peć 38.7% 59.4% 1.9% 0.0% Prizren/Prizren 72.2% 25.4% 2.5% 0.0% Gjakovë/Đakovica 50.3% 47.1% 1.9% 0.6% Podujevë/Podujevo 69.5% 22.0% 8.5% 0.0% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 65.8% 28.9% 4.4% 0.9% Istog/Istok 66.7% 28.6% 4.8% 0.0% Decan/Dečani 69.8% 28.6% 1.6% 0.0% Suharekë/Suva Reka 74.0% 14.6% 11.5% 0.0% Rahovec/Orahovac 81.1% 17.8% 1.1% 0.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 59.8% 37.0% 3.3% 0.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 63.1% 25.1% 8.9% 2.8% Junik/Junik 47.5% 47.5% 5.0% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 72.5% 22.5% 5.0% 0.0%

Is there a tradition of a payment of bribes to gain favors? Refuse to Yes No Don't know answer Pristina 58.2% 32.4% 5.0% 4.4% Gjilan/Gnjilane 42.1% 53.8% 2.1% 2.1% Pejë/Peć 47.1% 49.7% 3.2% 0.0% Prizren/Prizren 76.4% 20.1% 3.5% 0.0% Gjakovë/Đakovica 55.5% 41.3% 3.2% 0.0% Podujevë/Podujevo 69.5% 24.1% 6.4% 0.0% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 66.7% 31.6% 1.8% 0.0% Istog/Istok 76.2% 20.6% 3.2% 0.0% Decan/Dečani 39.7% 55.6% 4.8% 0.0% Suharekë/Suva Reka 16.7% 80.2% 3.1% 0.0% Rahovec/Orahovac 80.0% 18.9% 1.1% 0.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 62.0% 31.5% 6.5% 0.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 62.6% 27.9% 6.1% 3.4% Junik/Junik 35.0% 57.5% 5.0% 2.5% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 17.5% 75.0% 7.5% 0.0%

14. Do you think citizens should or should not have access to… To municipal contracts, including the amount and who got the contracts Probably Definitely Definitely Probably Don't Refuse to should should should should know answer not not Pristina 43.1% 34.0% 13.5% 2.5% 6.0% 0.9% Gjilan/Gnjilane 35.9% 44.1% 17.9% 0.0% 2.1% 0.0% Pejë/Peć 63.9% 22.6% 8.4% 0.6% 4.5% 0.0% Prizren/Prizren 76.8% 21.5% 0.7% 0.7% 0.4% 0.0% Gjakovë/Đakovica 58.1% 31.0% 9.0% 1.9% 0.0% 0.0% Podujevë/Podujevo 73.0% 19.9% 6.4% 0.0% 0.7% 0.0% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 63.2% 18.4% 13.2% 1.8% 3.5% 0.0% Istog/Istok 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Decan/Dečani 39.7% 60.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Suharekë/Suva 40.6% 53.1% 5.2% 1.0% 0.0% 0.0% Reka Rahovec/Orahovac 94.4% 4.4% 0.0% 0.0% 1.1% 0.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 63.0% 18.5% 8.7% 4.3% 5.4% 0.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 73.2% 20.1% 4.5% 0.0% 2.2% 0.0% Junik/Junik 52.5% 47.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 10.0% 90.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Municipal budgets, financial statements and budget expenditures Definitely Probably Probably Definitely Don't Refuse to should should should not should not know answer Pristina 42.8% 43.1% 7.5% 3.8% 1.6% 1.3% Gjilan/Gnjilane 57.2% 31.0% 7.6% 1.4% 2.8% 0.0% Pejë/Peć 63.2% 23.9% 6.5% 0.6% 5.8% 0.0% Prizren/Prizren 75.7% 21.8% 1.4% 0.7% 0.4% 0.0% Gjakovë/Đakovica 64.5% 28.4% 5.2% 1.9% 0.0% 0.0% Podujevë/Podujevo 73.8% 17.7% 6.4% 1.4% 0.7% 0.0% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 68.4% 18.4% 3.5% 4.4% 4.4% 0.9% Istog/Istok 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Decan/Dečani 87.3% 12.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Suharekë/Suva 76.0% 18.8% 5.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Reka Rahovec/Orahovac 93.3% 2.2% 3.3% 0.0% 1.1% 0.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 59.8% 30.4% 4.3% 5.4% 0.0% 0.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 69.3% 20.7% 4.5% 3.4% 2.2% 0.0% Junik/Junik 52.5% 47.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 10.0% 90.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Transcripts of public meetings: mayors and assembly Definitely Probably Probably Definitely Don't Refuse to should should should not should not know answer Pristina 37.1% 39.3% 13.8% 3.8% 3.8% 2.2% Gjilan/Gnjilane 60.7% 26.9% 10.3% 1.4% 0.7% 0.0% Pejë/Peć 61.3% 26.5% 7.1% 0.6% 4.5% 0.0% Prizren/Prizren 62.3% 27.5% 7.0% 1.8% 1.4% 0.0%

Gjakovë/Đakovica 62.6% 25.8% 10.3% 1.3% 0.0% 0.0% Podujevë/Podujevo 70.9% 14.9% 9.2% 2.1% 2.8% 0.0% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 49.1% 28.9% 10.5% 7.0% 3.5% 0.9% Istog/Istok 95.2% 4.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Decan/Dečani 60.3% 38.1% 1.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Suharekë/Suva 39.6% 55.2% 5.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Reka Rahovec/Orahovac 91.1% 4.4% 3.3% 0.0% 1.1% 0.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 59.8% 23.9% 6.5% 8.7% 1.1% 0.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 70.4% 21.8% 3.9% 1.7% 2.2% 0.0% Junik/Junik 52.5% 47.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 10.0% 90.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

15. Do you feel that the public authorities in your municipality withhold important information that concerns the general public (taxpayers) relating to public expenditures, i.e. Allocation of public funds (grants and appropriations, work contracts for public projects, etc.)? Don't Refuse to Often Sometimes Seldom Never know answer Pristina 25.2% 40.9% 18.2% 10.1% 4.7% 0.9% Gjilan/Gnjilane 25.5% 42.8% 24.8% 3.4% 3.4% Pejë/Peć 19.4% 35.5% 27.1% 16.8% 1.3% Prizren/Prizren 39.1% 51.1% 4.9% 3.9% 1.1% Gjakovë/Đakovica 4.5% 38.1% 41.9% 12.9% 2.6% Podujevë/Podujevo 24.1% 39.0% 29.8% 2.1% 5.0% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 28.1% 39.5% 30.7% 0.9% 0.9% Istog/Istok 50.8% 36.5% 4.8% 7.9% Decan/Dečani 25.4% 47.6% 22.2% 3.2% 1.6% Suharekë/Suva 24.0% 65.6% 9.4% 1.0% Reka Rahovec/Orahovac 45.6% 38.9% 6.7% 7.8% 1.1% Lipjan/Lipljan 17.4% 38.0% 28.3% 10.9% 5.4% Ferizaj/Uroševac 31.8% 26.8% 28.5% 5.6% 5.0% 2.2% Junik/Junik 12.5% 52.5% 22.5% 10.0% 2.5% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 40.0% 60.0%

16. In your dealings with the public sector within your municipality, how important are personal contacts and/or relationships to get things done? Not Slightly Very Don't Refuse to important Important important important know answer at all Pristina 11.3% 23.3% 36.8% 20.4% 6.0% 2.2% Gjilan/Gnjilane 4.1% 32.4% 33.1% 29.7% 0.7% Pejë/Peć 2.6% 16.1% 43.2% 35.5% 1.9% 0.6% Prizren/Prizren 20.8% 29.2% 33.5% 16.2% 0.4% Gjakovë/Đakovica 2.6% 9.0% 64.5% 23.2% 0.6% Podujevë/Podujevo 2.1% 20.6% 49.6% 24.8% 2.1% 0.7% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 2.6% 14.9% 57.0% 21.9% 3.5% Istog/Istok 4.8% 3.2% 20.6% 71.4% Decan/Dečani 11.1% 54.0% 33.3% 1.6%

Suharekë/Suva 3.1% 12.5% 54.2% 29.2% 1.0% Reka Rahovec/Orahovac 4.4% 24.4% 31.1% 38.9% 1.1% Lipjan/Lipljan 18.5% 25.0% 35.9% 17.4% 3.3% Ferizaj/Uroševac 25.1% 27.9% 35.2% 9.5% 0.6% 1.7% Junik/Junik 22.5% 45.0% 27.5% 5.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 67.5% 32.5%

Lipjan/Lipljan 6.5% 29.3% 42.4% 13.0% 8.7% 0.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 10.1% 26.3% 30.2% 24.0% 3.4% 6.1% Junik/Junik 0.0% 12.5% 75.0% 12.5% 0.0% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 20.0% 65.0% 15.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Public universities Present Present on Present Not present on a Don't Refuse to a small on a large at all medium know answer scale scale scale Pristina 3.8% 26.1% 35.5% 23.0% 9.7% 1.9% Gjilan/Gnjilane 3.4% 33.8% 27.6% 32.4% 2.8% 0.0% Pejë/Peć 5.2% 27.1% 40.0% 23.9% 3.2% 0.6% Prizren/Prizren 4.2% 33.5% 37.7% 22.2% 2.5% 0.0% Gjakovë/Đakovica 3.9% 31.6% 47.1% 16.8% 0.6% 0.0% Podujevë/Podujevo 2.1% 29.8% 40.4% 24.1% 3.5% 0.0% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 2.6% 17.5% 46.5% 16.7% 14.9% 1.8% Istog/Istok 4.8% 19.0% 46.0% 25.4% 4.8% 0.0% Decan/Dečani 4.8% 42.9% 46.0% 6.3% 0.0% 0.0% Suharekë/Suva 1.0% 21.9% 54.2% 16.7% 6.3% 0.0% Reka Rahovec/Orahovac 6.7% 35.6% 33.3% 22.2% 2.2% 0.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 7.6% 28.3% 43.5% 13.0% 7.6% 0.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 7.3% 31.3% 33.5% 18.4% 3.4% 6.1% Junik/Junik 0.0% 10.0% 72.5% 17.5% 0.0% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 15.0% 72.5% 7.5% 5.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Municipal Government (Local) Present Present Present on Not present on a on a Don't Refuse to a small at all medium large know answer scale scale scale Pristina 1.9% 17.9% 30.2% 38.7% 8.5% 2.8% Gjilan/Gnjilane 2.8% 24.8% 37.9% 22.1% 11.7% 0.7% Pejë/Peć 7.1% 27.1% 45.2% 15.5% 4.5% 0.6% Prizren/Prizren 15.8% 28.9% 33.5% 19.7% 2.1% 0.0% Gjakovë/Đakovica 12.3% 36.8% 32.3% 14.8% 3.9% 0.0% Podujevë/Podujevo 9.2% 28.4% 42.6% 17.7% 2.1% 0.0% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 1.8% 39.5% 36.0% 15.8% 4.4% 2.6% Istog/Istok 11.1% 39.7% 33.3% 15.9% 0.0% 0.0% Decan/Dečani 4.8% 49.2% 38.1% 7.9% 0.0% 0.0% Suharekë/Suva 1.0% 36.5% 40.6% 16.7% 5.2% 0.0% Reka Rahovec/Orahovac 10.0% 6.7% 47.8% 34.4% 1.1% 0.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 19.6% 34.8% 29.3% 9.8% 6.5% 0.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 8.4% 31.8% 35.8% 14.5% 3.4% 6.1%

Junik/Junik 12.5% 45.0% 40.0% 2.5% 0.0% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 20.0% 67.5% 5.0% 7.5% 0.0% 0.0%

Central Government Administration (Ministries) Present Present Present on Not present on a on a Don't Refuse to a small at all medium large know answer scale scale scale Pristina 1.6% 17.0% 32.7% 31.4% 12.6% 4.7% Gjilan/Gnjilane 1.4% 10.3% 36.6% 36.6% 15.2% 0.0% Pejë/Peć 7.1% 24.5% 38.1% 23.2% 6.5% 0.6% Prizren/Prizren 15.1% 25.7% 34.5% 22.2% 2.5% 0.0% Gjakovë/Đakovica 1.3% 27.1% 50.3% 19.4% 1.9% 0.0% Podujevë/Podujevo 17.0% 34.0% 27.0% 19.1% 2.8% 0.0% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 1.8% 25.4% 44.7% 17.5% 8.8% 1.8% Istog/Istok 3.2% 33.3% 46.0% 17.5% 0.0% 0.0% Decan/Dečani 1.6% 46.0% 33.3% 19.0% 0.0% 0.0% Suharekë/Suva 0.0% 18.8% 53.1% 22.9% 5.2% 0.0% Reka Rahovec/Orahovac 3.3% 7.8% 36.7% 51.1% 1.1% 0.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 13.0% 37.0% 29.3% 14.1% 6.5% 0.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 7.8% 29.6% 31.3% 21.8% 3.4% 6.1% Junik/Junik 0.0% 12.5% 72.5% 15.0% 0.0% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 15.0% 57.5% 22.5% 5.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Kosovo Police Present Present Present on Not present on a on a Don't Refuse to a small at all medium large know answer scale scale scale Pristina 7.2% 30.5% 29.6% 19.5% 9.7% 3.5% Gjilan/Gnjilane 18.6% 31.0% 31.0% 18.6% 0.7% 0.0% Pejë/Peć 10.3% 17.4% 44.5% 23.9% 3.2% 0.6% Prizren/Prizren 10.2% 39.8% 35.9% 12.3% 1.8% 0.0% Gjakovë/Đakovica 18.1% 38.1% 30.3% 11.6% 1.9% 0.0% Podujevë/Podujevo 9.2% 44.7% 28.4% 14.9% 2.8% 0.0% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 10.5% 31.6% 34.2% 14.9% 7.0% 1.8% Istog/Istok 6.3% 42.9% 46.0% 4.8% 0.0% 0.0% Decan/Dečani 4.8% 46.0% 44.4% 4.8% 0.0% 0.0% Suharekë/Suva 2.1% 18.8% 56.3% 17.7% 5.2% 0.0% Reka Rahovec/Orahovac 5.6% 22.2% 48.9% 22.2% 1.1% 0.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 14.1% 39.1% 28.3% 12.0% 6.5% 0.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 27.4% 35.8% 25.1% 2.2% 3.4% 6.1% Junik/Junik 87.5% 2.5% 2.5% 0.0% 7.5% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 40.0% 52.5% 5.0% 2.5% 0.0% 0.0%

Hospitals Present Present Not Present on on a on a Don't Refuse to present at a small medium large know answer all scale scale scale Pristina 2.2% 20.1% 29.2% 36.5% 8.5% 3.5% Gjilan/Gnjilane 4.8% 24.8% 26.9% 42.8% 0.7% 0.0% Pejë/Peć 5.8% 32.9% 32.9% 24.5% 3.2% 0.6% Prizren/Prizren 1.1% 16.9% 37.3% 43.3% 1.4% 0.0% Gjakovë/Đakovica 1.3% 23.2% 49.0% 26.5% 0.0% 0.0% Podujevë/Podujevo 7.1% 35.5% 33.3% 22.0% 2.1% 0.0% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 1.8% 42.1% 37.7% 10.5% 6.1% 1.8% Istog/Istok 31.7% 33.3% 28.6% 6.3% 0.0% 0.0% Decan/Dečani 1.6% 36.5% 57.1% 4.8% 0.0% 0.0% Suharekë/Suva 2.1% 14.6% 46.9% 30.2% 6.3% 0.0% Reka Rahovec/Orahovac 3.3% 13.3% 50.0% 32.2% 1.1% 0.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 17.4% 38.0% 25.0% 12.0% 6.5% 1.1% Ferizaj/Uroševac 13.4% 29.6% 33.0% 14.5% 3.4% 6.1% Junik/Junik 0.0% 2.5% 42.5% 55.0% 0.0% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 27.5% 55.0% 12.5% 5.0% 0.0% 0.0%

18. There are different opinions regarding corruption in your municipality. In your opinion, if corruption exists, to what extend it is prevalent in the following sectors? Mayor's Office Present Present Not Present on on a on a Don't Refuse to present at a small medium large know answer all scale scale scale Pristina 29.9% 30.2% 20.8% 13.5% 4.7% 0.9% Gjilan/Gnjilane 13.1% 27.6% 37.2% 17.9% 4.1% 0.0% Pejë/Peć 15.5% 29.7% 23.2% 25.2% 5.8% 0.6% Prizren/Prizren 29.2% 31.3% 24.3% 10.2% 4.9% 0.0% Gjakovë/Đakovica 25.2% 27.7% 38.1% 4.5% 4.5% 0.0% Podujevë/Podujevo 5.7% 34.8% 41.1% 14.9% 3.5% 0.0% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 12.3% 32.5% 34.2% 14.9% 5.3% 0.9% Istog/Istok 55.6% 30.2% 9.5% 4.8% 0.0% 0.0% Decan/Dečani 1.6% 50.8% 44.4% 3.2% 0.0% 0.0% Suharekë/Suva 5.2% 25.0% 54.2% 13.5% 2.1% 0.0% Reka Rahovec/Orahovac 13.3% 8.9% 48.9% 28.9% 0.0% 0.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 31.5% 27.2% 32.6% 5.4% 3.3% 0.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 22.9% 34.1% 20.7% 7.8% 4.5% 10.1% Junik/Junik 57.5% 15.0% 20.0% 5.0% 2.5% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 40.0% 60.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

100

Implementation of capital investment projects (procurement activities) Present Present Not Present on on a on a Don't Refuse to present at a small medium large know answer all scale scale scale Pristina 23.3% 25.8% 30.2% 11.9% 7.5% 1.3% Gjilan/Gnjilane 9.7% 21.4% 43.4% 22.8% 2.8% 0.0% Pejë/Peć 8.4% 29.0% 31.6% 25.8% 4.5% 0.6% Prizren/Prizren 23.2% 28.9% 29.9% 14.4% 3.5% 0.0% Gjakovë/Đakovica 5.8% 43.9% 36.8% 11.0% 2.6% 0.0% Podujevë/Podujevo 5.7% 34.0% 37.6% 19.1% 3.5% 0.0% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 1.8% 26.3% 43.9% 21.9% 4.4% 1.8% Istog/Istok 7.9% 34.9% 41.3% 15.9% 0.0% 0.0% Decan/Dečani 15.9% 39.7% 33.3% 11.1% 0.0% 0.0% Suharekë/Suva 5.2% 28.1% 44.8% 19.8% 2.1% 0.0% Reka Rahovec/Orahovac 11.1% 10.0% 48.9% 30.0% 0.0% 0.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 18.5% 37.0% 28.3% 12.0% 4.3% 0.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 10.6% 36.3% 35.2% 8.4% 3.4% 6.1% Junik/Junik 7.5% 50.0% 40.0% 2.5% 0.0% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 0.0% 87.5% 12.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Public services Present Present Not Present on on a on a Don't Refuse to present at a small medium large know answer all scale scale scale Pristina 22.6% 20.1% 33.6% 15.7% 4.4% 3.5% Gjilan/Gnjilane 15.9% 40.7% 26.2% 13.8% 3.4% 0.0% Pejë/Peć 14.2% 18.7% 37.4% 21.9% 7.1% 0.6% Prizren/Prizren 28.9% 35.9% 23.9% 8.5% 2.8% 0.0% Gjakovë/Đakovica 6.5% 32.3% 47.1% 11.6% 2.6% 0.0% Podujevë/Podujevo 7.8% 36.2% 31.2% 22.0% 2.8% 0.0% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 9.6% 29.8% 42.1% 15.8% 0.9% 1.8% Istog/Istok 98.4% 1.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Decan/Dečani 1.6% 49.2% 47.6% 1.6% 0.0% 0.0% Suharekë/Suva 5.2% 22.9% 47.9% 20.8% 3.1% 0.0% Reka Rahovec/Orahovac 11.1% 10.0% 46.7% 32.2% 0.0% 0.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 10.9% 34.8% 40.2% 10.9% 3.3% 0.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 13.4% 35.8% 35.8% 6.1% 3.4% 5.6% Junik/Junik 7.5% 50.0% 40.0% 2.5% 0.0% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 0.0% 85.0% 15.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

101

Education Present Present Not Present on on a on a Don't Refuse to present at a small medium large know answer all scale scale scale Pristina 24.2% 22.3% 34.6% 10.4% 3.8% 4.7% Gjilan/Gnjilane 6.9% 28.3% 33.8% 29.7% 1.4% 0.0% Pejë/Peć 10.3% 18.1% 42.6% 23.9% 4.5% 0.6% Prizren/Prizren 8.8% 50.0% 29.2% 10.2% 1.8% 0.0% Gjakovë/Đakovica 5.8% 40.6% 33.5% 20.0% 0.0% 0.0% Podujevë/Podujevo 14.9% 34.8% 29.1% 17.0% 4.3% 0.0% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 7.0% 40.4% 25.4% 15.8% 7.9% 3.5% Istog/Istok 63.5% 25.4% 9.5% 1.6% 0.0% 0.0% Decan/Dečani 6.3% 54.0% 31.7% 7.9% 0.0% 0.0% Suharekë/Suva 5.2% 26.0% 53.1% 12.5% 3.1% 0.0% Reka Rahovec/Orahovac 14.4% 21.1% 45.6% 18.9% 0.0% 0.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 17.4% 31.5% 37.0% 10.9% 3.3% 0.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 11.7% 41.9% 30.7% 7.3% 2.8% 5.6% Junik/Junik 0.0% 17.5% 65.0% 15.0% 2.5% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 2.5% 97.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Cadaster Present Present Not Present on on a on a Don't Refuse to present at a small medium large know answer all scale scale scale Pristina 25.5% 23.3% 28.0% 10.1% 7.9% 5.3% Gjilan/Gnjilane 9.0% 27.6% 36.6% 19.3% 7.6% 0.0% Pejë/Peć 9.0% 17.4% 41.3% 27.1% 4.5% 0.6% Prizren/Prizren 13.0% 46.5% 29.2% 9.2% 2.1% 0.0% Gjakovë/Đakovica 5.8% 36.8% 45.8% 7.7% 3.9% 0.0% Podujevë/Podujevo 4.3% 22.7% 50.4% 20.6% 2.1% 0.0% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 0.9% 28.9% 45.6% 20.2% 3.5% 0.9% Istog/Istok 71.4% 27.0% 1.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Decan/Dečani 6.3% 44.4% 41.3% 7.9% 0.0% 0.0% Suharekë/Suva 4.2% 31.3% 41.7% 18.8% 4.2% 0.0% Reka Rahovec/Orahovac 14.4% 11.1% 51.1% 23.3% 0.0% 0.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 17.4% 30.4% 39.1% 9.8% 3.3% 0.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 11.7% 36.3% 32.4% 8.4% 5.6% 5.6% Junik/Junik 7.5% 45.0% 45.0% 2.5% 0.0% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 0.0% 82.5% 17.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

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Urbanism Present Present Not Present on on a on a Don't Refuse to present at a small medium larger know answer all scale scale scale Pristina 14.8% 30.5% 28.6% 13.5% 9.4% 3.1% Gjilan/Gnjilane 2.1% 17.9% 42.8% 31.0% 6.2% 0.0% Pejë/Peć 12.3% 16.1% 43.2% 25.8% 1.9% 0.6% Prizren/Prizren 13.4% 43.0% 32.4% 8.8% 2.5% 0.0% Gjakovë/Đakovica 8.4% 40.0% 40.0% 7.7% 3.9% 0.0% Podujevë/Podujevo 4.3% 30.5% 42.6% 20.6% 2.1% 0.0% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 7.9% 20.2% 42.1% 24.6% 2.6% 2.6% Istog/Istok 68.3% 28.6% 1.6% 1.6% 0.0% 0.0% Decan/Dečani 4.8% 44.4% 44.4% 6.3% 0.0% 0.0% Suharekë/Suva 2.1% 32.3% 42.7% 18.8% 3.1% 1.0% Reka Rahovec/Orahovac 14.4% 10.0% 51.1% 24.4% 0.0% 0.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 17.4% 39.1% 33.7% 5.4% 4.3% 0.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 7.8% 36.9% 34.6% 11.7% 3.4% 5.6% Junik/Junik 7.5% 45.0% 45.0% 2.5% 0.0% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 0.0% 85.0% 15.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Inspectorate Present Present Not Present on on a on a Don't Refuse to present at a small medium larger know answer all scale scale scale Pristina 18.2% 31.8% 26.4% 13.5% 7.9% 2.2% Gjilan/Gnjilane 1.4% 18.6% 44.8% 30.3% 4.8% 0.0% Pejë/Peć 10.3% 23.2% 41.3% 21.3% 3.2% 0.6% Prizren/Prizren 10.2% 35.9% 31.0% 20.8% 2.1% 0.0% Gjakovë/Đakovica 1.9% 41.3% 44.5% 8.4% 3.9% 0.0% Podujevë/Podujevo 4.3% 24.1% 48.9% 19.9% 2.8% 0.0% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 7.0% 17.5% 42.1% 27.2% 5.3% 0.9% Istog/Istok 38.1% 46.0% 12.7% 3.2% 0.0% 0.0% Decan/Dečani 3.2% 38.1% 50.8% 7.9% 0.0% 0.0% Suharekë/Suva 3.1% 24.0% 53.1% 16.7% 3.1% 0.0% Reka Rahovec/Orahovac 12.2% 8.9% 50.0% 28.9% 0.0% 0.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 16.3% 28.3% 41.3% 9.8% 4.3% 0.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 15.6% 22.3% 42.5% 10.6% 3.4% 5.6% Junik/Junik 5.0% 42.5% 47.5% 5.0% 0.0% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 0.0% 82.5% 17.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

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Administration Present Present Not Present on on a on a Don't Refuse to present at a small medium larger know answer all scale scale scale Pristina 26.7% 20.1% 26.1% 13.8% 7.9% 5.3% Gjilan/Gnjilane 9.7% 41.4% 29.7% 11.0% 8.3% 0.0% Pejë/Peć 9.0% 28.4% 38.7% 20.0% 3.2% 0.6% Prizren/Prizren 21.1% 40.8% 27.1% 8.8% 2.1% 0.0% Gjakovë/Đakovica 5.8% 45.8% 36.8% 7.1% 4.5% 0.0% Podujevë/Podujevo 8.5% 37.6% 33.3% 17.0% 3.5% 0.0% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 12.3% 36.8% 31.6% 14.9% 2.6% 1.8% Istog/Istok 92.1% 7.9% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Decan/Dečani 4.8% 60.3% 30.2% 4.8% 0.0% 0.0% Suharekë/Suva 4.2% 30.2% 47.9% 14.6% 3.1% 0.0% Reka Rahovec/Orahovac 11.1% 12.2% 51.1% 25.6% 0.0% 0.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 19.6% 35.9% 35.9% 6.5% 2.2% 0.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 15.6% 33.5% 30.7% 11.2% 3.4% 5.6% Junik/Junik 17.5% 75.0% 7.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 10.0% 87.5% 2.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Finance Present Present Not Present on on a on a Don't Refuse to present at a small medium larger know answer all scale scale scale Pristina 23.6% 25.5% 25.8% 13.5% 7.5% 4.1% Gjilan/Gnjilane 5.5% 23.4% 42.1% 21.4% 7.6% 0.0% Pejë/Peć 3.9% 26.5% 39.4% 25.8% 3.9% 0.6% Prizren/Prizren 18.0% 35.6% 32.7% 11.3% 2.5% 0.0% Gjakovë/Đakovica 3.9% 41.9% 36.1% 12.9% 4.5% 0.6% Podujevë/Podujevo 5.0% 29.8% 40.4% 22.7% 2.1% 0.0% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 9.6% 23.7% 39.5% 19.3% 7.0% 0.9% Istog/Istok 25.4% 38.1% 27.0% 9.5% 0.0% 0.0% Decan/Dečani 3.2% 54.0% 36.5% 6.3% 0.0% 0.0% Suharekë/Suva 3.1% 21.9% 58.3% 13.5% 3.1% 0.0% Reka Rahovec/Orahovac 12.2% 10.0% 53.3% 24.4% 0.0% 0.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 16.3% 34.8% 37.0% 9.8% 2.2% 0.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 10.6% 32.4% 35.8% 11.7% 3.4% 6.1% Junik/Junik 7.5% 62.5% 25.0% 5.0% 0.0% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 0.0% 85.0% 15.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

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19. Your evaluations about the extent of presence of corruption within your municipal (local) government are based on...

Personal experience Talks with (to get a Information relatives Don't Refuse to service, I through Other and know answer was asked media friends for money, a gift, etc.)

Pristina 18.3% 62.5% 66.8% 0.0% 2.0% 1.3% Gjilan/Gnjilane 1.4% 50.3% 70.3% 0.0% 0.7% 0.0% Pejë/Peć 1.3% 76.3% 90.1% 0.0% 3.3% 0.0% Prizren/Prizren 13.0% 63.0% 88.0% 0.4% 0.0% 0.0% Gjakovë/Đakovica 28.4% 90.3% 67.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Podujevë/Podujevo 2.8% 56.7% 94.3% 0.0% 0.7% 0.0% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 9.3% 72.0% 73.8% 0.0% 0.9% 0.9% Istog/Istok 1.2% 98.8% 94.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Decan/Dečani 39.0% 92.4% 59.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Suharekë/Suva 49.8% 80.3% 46.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Reka Rahovec/Orahovac 3.3% 82.2% 91.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 4.3% 55.4% 83.7% 0.0% 3.3% 0.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 8.9% 81.0% 64.2% 0.0% 1.7% 0.6% Junik/Junik 0.0% 100.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 0.0% 67.5% 95.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

20a. What do you think is the most important reason that causes corruption in your municipality (local government)? Low salaries of Moral crisis in Inefficiency of the officials in Imperfect the post- the judicial the public legislation conflict period system sector Pristina 10.4% 11.3% 8.5% 10.1% Gjilan/Gnjilane 3.4% 3.4% 9.7% 24.8% Pejë/Peć 14.2% 1.3% 8.4% 25.8% Prizren/Prizren 4.2% 3.2% 2.8% 28.5% Gjakovë/Đakovica 1.9% 9.7% 10.3% 34.2% Podujevë/Podujevo 13.5% 6.4% 4.3% 36.2% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 13.2% 7.0% 7.9% 21.9% Istog/Istok 4.8% 1.6% 1.6% 17.5% Decan/Dečani 6.3% 3.2% 41.3% Suharekë/Suva Reka 1.0% 9.4% 17.7% 29.2% Rahovec/Orahovac 7.8% 2.2% 18.9% Lipjan/Lipljan 14.1% 7.6% 4.3% 23.9% Ferizaj/Uroševac 17.3% 6.1% 5.0% 14.0% Junik/Junik 2.5% 22.5% 2.5% 50.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 20.0% 2.5% 12.5%

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20a. What do you think is the most important reason that causes corruption in your municipality (local government)?

Fast personal Office duties enrichment Lack of strict interfering Lack of sought by administrative with personal accountability people in control interests of the power officials

Pristina 28.0% 9.7% 4.7% 5.7% Gjilan/Gnjilane 15.9% 22.1% 6.9% 9.0% Pejë/Peć 29.0% 1.9% 1.9% 14.2% Prizren/Prizren 35.2% 4.2% 3.9% 9.2% Gjakovë/Đakovica 21.9% 8.4% 3.9% 6.5% Podujevë/Podujevo 18.4% 6.4% 4.3% 3.5% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 16.7% 7.9% 10.5% 6.1% Istog/Istok 68.3% 3.2% Decan/Dečani 15.9% 6.3% 14.3% 7.9% Suharekë/Suva Reka 21.9% 6.3% 6.3% 3.1% Rahovec/Orahovac 41.1% 13.3% 2.2% Lipjan/Lipljan 31.5% 6.5% 6.5% 2.2% Ferizaj/Uroševac 37.4% 5.6% 6.7% 4.5% Junik/Junik 20.0% 2.5% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 25.0% 5.0% 25.0% 7.5%

20a. What do you think is the most important reason that causes corruption in your municipality (local government)? Lack of Refuse to sanctions for Other Don't know answer violation Pristina 5.3% 4.4% 1.9% Gjilan/Gnjilane 4.8% Pejë/Peć 1.9% 0.6% 0.6% Prizren/Prizren 8.5% 0.4% Gjakovë/Đakovica 3.2% Podujevë/Podujevo 5.7% 1.4% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 2.6% 3.5% 2.6% Istog/Istok 1.6% 1.6% Decan/Dečani 4.8% Suharekë/Suva Reka 3.1% 2.1% Rahovec/Orahovac 14.4% Lipjan/Lipljan 1.1% 2.2% Ferizaj/Uroševac 1.7% 1.7% Junik/Junik Han i Elezit/Elez Han 2.5%

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20b. What do you think is the second most important reason that causes corruption in your municipality (local government)? Low salaries of Moral crisis in Inefficiency of the officials in Imperfect the post- the judicial the public legislation conflict period system sector Pristina 8.5% 6.3% 5.3% 9.7% Gjilan/Gnjilane 0.7% 4.8% 3.4% 12.4% Pejë/Peć 5.8% 0.6% 4.5% 16.1% Prizren/Prizren 5.3% 2.5% 3.5% 15.8% Gjakovë/Đakovica 0.6% 3.2% 1.9% 11.0% Podujevë/Podujevo 5.7% 5.7% 2.1% 9.2% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 13.2% 7.9% 2.6% 11.4% Istog/Istok 1.6% 12.7% Decan/Dečani 3.2% 9.5% 7.9% Suharekë/Suva Reka 1.0% 10.4% 9.4% Rahovec/Orahovac 2.2% 2.2% 1.1% 22.2% Lipjan/Lipljan 5.4% 10.9% 7.6% 20.7% Ferizaj/Uroševac 4.5% 13.4% 6.7% 10.1% Junik/Junik 12.5% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 12.5% 2.5% 2.5%

Pristina 17.3% 8.5% 14.8% 12.3% Gjilan/Gnjilane 7.6% 16.6% 11.0% 21.4% Pejë/Peć 10.3% 7.1% 3.9% 31.0% Prizren/Prizren 17.6% 8.8% 22.5% 15.5% Gjakovë/Đakovica 20.0% 12.9% 14.8% 18.7% Podujevë/Podujevo 8.5% 8.5% 14.2% 21.3% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 18.4% 5.3% 8.8% 21.1% Istog/Istok 4.8% 3.2% 71.4% Decan/Dečani 19.0% 15.9% 14.3% 11.1% Suharekë/Suva Reka 14.6% 18.8% 15.6% 17.7% Rahovec/Orahovac 14.4% 14.4% 10.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 15.2% 12.0% 7.6% 6.5% Ferizaj/Uroševac 16.2% 10.1% 17.3% 14.5% Junik/Junik 47.5% 25.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 30.0% 2.5% 37.5% 7.5%

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20b. What do you think is the second most important reason that causes corruption in your municipality (local government)? Lack of Refuse to sanctions for Other Don't know answer violation Pristina 10.4% 0.3% 4.4% 2.2% Gjilan/Gnjilane 21.4% 0.7% Pejë/Peć 13.5% 1.3% 5.8% Prizren/Prizren 7.4% 1.1% Gjakovë/Đakovica 16.8% Podujevë/Podujevo 22.7% 2.1% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 3.5% 5.3% 2.6% Istog/Istok 4.8% 1.6% Decan/Dečani 19.0% Suharekë/Suva Reka 10.4% 2.1% Rahovec/Orahovac 33.3% Lipjan/Lipljan 12.0% 2.2% Ferizaj/Uroševac 5.0% 1.7% 0.6% Junik/Junik 12.5% 2.5% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 5.0%

21. In your opinion, if corruption by a public employee or politician were to occur in your area, how likely is it that such corruption would be exposed by the mass media? Municipality Mean Pristina 3.56 Gjilan/Gnjilane 3.66 Pejë/Peć 3.73 Prizren/Prizren 2.99 Gjakovë/Đakovica 3.15 Podujevë/Podujevo 3.93 Vushtrri/Vučitrn 3.76 Istog/Istok 2.70 Decan/Dečani 3.00 Suharekë/Suva Reka 3.27 Rahovec/Orahovac 4.57 Lipjan/Lipljan 4.19 Ferizaj/Uroševac 3.34 Junik/Junik 2.85 Han i Elezit/Elez Han 3.65 Total 3.48

108

Pejë/Peć 13.5% 83.9% 2.6% 0.0% Prizren/Prizren 2.8% 95.8% 1.4% 0.0% Gjakovë/Đakovica 2.6% 96.8% 0.6% 0.0% Podujevë/Podujevo 9.9% 89.4% 0.7% 0.0% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 7.9% 91.2% 0.9% 0.0% Istog/Istok 23.8% 76.2% 0.0% 0.0% Decan/Dečani 3.2% 90.5% 4.8% 1.6% Suharekë/Suva Reka 1.0% 96.9% 2.1% 0.0% Rahovec/Orahovac 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 4.3% 95.7% 0.0% 0.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 2.8% 86.0% 9.5% 1.7% Junik/Junik 2.5% 97.5% 0.0% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Procurement Review Body (PRB) Refuse to Yes No Don't know answer Pristina 15.1% 82.4% 1.6% 0.9% Gjilan/Gnjilane 15.2% 81.4% 3.4% 0.0% Pejë/Peć 12.9% 86.5% 0.6% 0.0% Prizren/Prizren 2.8% 95.8% 1.4% 0.0% Gjakovë/Đakovica 7.7% 91.6% 0.6% 0.0% Podujevë/Podujevo 15.6% 84.4% 0.0% 0.0% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 13.2% 83.3% 2.6% 0.9% Istog/Istok 23.8% 76.2% 0.0% 0.0% Decan/Dečani 0.0% 98.4% 1.6% 0.0% Suharekë/Suva Reka 1.0% 97.9% 1.0% 0.0% Rahovec/Orahovac 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 5.4% 94.6% 0.0% 0.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 5.6% 91.6% 1.7% 1.1% Junik/Junik 5.0% 95.0% 0.0% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Anti-Corruption Agency (ACA) Refuse to Yes No Don't know answer Pristina 28.3% 64.2% 4.1% 3.5% Gjilan/Gnjilane 33.8% 62.8% 3.4% 0.0% Pejë/Peć 47.1% 52.9% 0.0% 0.0% Prizren/Prizren 4.2% 94.4% 1.4% 0.0% Gjakovë/Đakovica 25.8% 71.0% 3.2% 0.0% Podujevë/Podujevo 51.8% 48.2% 0.0% 0.0% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 39.5% 59.6% 0.9% 0.0% Istog/Istok 82.5% 17.5% 0.0% 0.0% Decan/Dečani 7.9% 87.3% 4.8% 0.0% Suharekë/Suva Reka 1.0% 97.9% 1.0% 0.0% Rahovec/Orahovac 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0%

109

Lipjan/Lipljan 31.5% 68.5% 0.0% 0.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 33.0% 63.7% 2.2% 1.1% Junik/Junik 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0%

National Audit Office (NAO) Refuse to Yes No Don't know answer Pristina 18.2% 76.1% 5.3% 0.3% Gjilan/Gnjilane 13.1% 78.6% 8.3% 0.0% Pejë/Peć 13.5% 85.8% 0.6% 0.0% Prizren/Prizren 2.8% 95.8% 1.4% 0.0% Gjakovë/Đakovica 5.2% 91.6% 3.2% 0.0% Podujevë/Podujevo 36.2% 63.1% 0.7% 0.0% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 16.7% 83.3% 0.0% 0.0% Istog/Istok 25.4% 74.6% 0.0% 0.0% Decan/Dečani 1.6% 95.2% 3.2% 0.0% Suharekë/Suva Reka 1.0% 96.9% 2.1% 0.0% Rahovec/Orahovac 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 19.6% 80.4% 0.0% 0.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 10.6% 88.3% 0.6% 0.6% Junik/Junik 5.0% 95.0% 0.0% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Municipal Procurement Office Refuse to Yes No Don't know answer Pristina 16.7% 79.2% 2.8% 1.3% Gjilan/Gnjilane 17.9% 77.9% 4.1% 0.0% Pejë/Peć 14.8% 85.2% 0.0% 0.0% Prizren/Prizren 4.9% 93.7% 1.4% 0.0% Gjakovë/Đakovica 7.7% 91.0% 1.3% 0.0% Podujevë/Podujevo 28.4% 69.5% 2.1% 0.0% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 18.4% 79.8% 1.8% 0.0% Istog/Istok 28.6% 71.4% 0.0% 0.0% Decan/Dečani 4.8% 92.1% 3.2% 0.0% Suharekë/Suva Reka 1.0% 96.9% 2.1% 0.0% Rahovec/Orahovac 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 7.6% 92.4% 0.0% 0.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 9.5% 88.8% 0.6% 1.1% Junik/Junik 7.5% 92.5% 0.0% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0%

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Municipal Internal Audit Office Refuse to Yes No Don't know answer Pristina 15.4% 80.8% 3.1% 0.6% Gjilan/Gnjilane 11.7% 85.5% 2.8% 0.0% Pejë/Peć 12.9% 87.1% 0.0% 0.0% Prizren/Prizren 2.5% 96.1% 1.4% 0.0% Gjakovë/Đakovica 5.8% 93.5% 0.6% 0.0% Podujevë/Podujevo 27.7% 70.2% 2.1% 0.0% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 14.0% 83.3% 2.6% 0.0% Istog/Istok 20.6% 79.4% 0.0% 0.0% Decan/Dečani 1.6% 92.1% 6.3% 0.0% Suharekë/Suva Reka 1.0% 96.9% 2.1% 0.0% Rahovec/Orahovac 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 9.8% 90.2% 0.0% 0.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 6.7% 90.5% 1.7% 1.1% Junik/Junik 5.0% 95.0% 0.0% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0%

23. In your opinion, are there adequate mechanisms for monitoring capital investment in your neighborhood (implementing public procurement activities: roads, schools, parks, etc.) and detecting public procurement violations? Refuse to Yes No Don't know answer Pristina 25.2% 73.3% 1.3% 0.3% Gjilan/Gnjilane 36.6% 60.7% 2.8% Pejë/Peć 30.3% 69.0% 0.6% Prizren/Prizren 20.1% 73.6% 6.3% Gjakovë/Đakovica 21.9% 78.1% Podujevë/Podujevo 34.0% 61.7% 4.3% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 21.1% 78.1% 0.9% Istog/Istok 36.5% 63.5% Decan/Dečani 22.2% 77.8% Suharekë/Suva Reka 1.0% 89.6% 9.4% Rahovec/Orahovac 22.2% 77.8% Lipjan/Lipljan 46.7% 42.4% 10.9% Ferizaj/Uroševac 39.1% 50.8% 8.4% 1.7% Junik/Junik 42.5% 52.5% 5.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 100.0%

24. In your opinion, are there adequate mechanisms for sanctioning or addressing public procurement violations? Refuse to Yes No Don't know answer Pristina 26.7% 65.7% 7.5% Gjilan/Gnjilane 54.5% 41.4% 4.1% Pejë/Peć 30.3% 69.0% 0.6% Prizren/Prizren 23.2% 73.2% 3.5%

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Gjakovë/Đakovica 30.3% 67.7% 1.9% Podujevë/Podujevo 44.0% 48.2% 7.8% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 27.2% 67.5% 5.3% Istog/Istok 22.2% 77.8% Decan/Dečani 30.2% 69.8% Suharekë/Suva Reka 4.2% 84.4% 10.4% 1.0% Rahovec/Orahovac 21.1% 78.9% Lipjan/Lipljan 58.7% 34.8% 6.5% Ferizaj/Uroševac 49.2% 36.9% 12.8% 1.1% Junik/Junik 40.0% 60.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 57.5% 42.5%

25. In your opinion, which side is most corrupt in the public procurement process in your municipality? Economic Local Both sides Refuse to Operators Don't know governance alike answer (Businesses)

Pristina 8.8% 22.3% 64.8% 1.9% 2.2% Gjilan/Gnjilane 46.2% 15.9% 33.8% 3.4% 0.7% Pejë/Peć 23.9% 11.0% 58.1% 6.5% 0.6% Prizren/Prizren 20.1% 4.6% 72.2% 3.2% Gjakovë/Đakovica 35.5% 8.4% 47.1% 7.7% 1.3% Podujevë/Podujevo 27.7% 12.1% 51.8% 5.7% 2.8% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 30.7% 21.1% 46.5% 1.8% Istog/Istok 19.0% 1.6% 77.8% 1.6% Decan/Dečani 33.3% 17.5% 49.2% Suharekë/Suva Reka 28.1% 13.5% 55.2% 2.1% 1.0% Rahovec/Orahovac 34.4% 2.2% 62.2% 1.1% Lipjan/Lipljan 10.9% 25.0% 58.7% 3.3% 2.2% Ferizaj/Uroševac 17.9% 16.8% 62.6% 2.2% 0.6% Junik/Junik 20.0% 77.5% 2.5% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 100.0%

26. In your opinion, at which stage (s) of procurement is corruption most prevalent? Pre-tender Tender Post-tendering (development Refuse (criteria (implementation Don't of technical Other to and of project- know specifications answer evaluation) supervision) / design) Pristina 71.9% 34.7% 18.2% 0.4% 1.8% 5.3% Gjilan/Gnjilane 56.6% 69.9% 44.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Pejë/Peć 93.8% 76.6% 58.6% 0.0% 3.1% 0.8% Prizren/Prizren 85.9% 23.6% 8.5% 0.0% 3.9% 0.0% Gjakovë/Đakovica 69.7% 76.1% 24.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Podujevë/Podujevo 60.0% 78.4% 45.6% 0.0% 2.4% 3.2% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 74.7% 57.1% 25.3% 0.0% 3.3% 0.0% Istog/Istok 93.7% 81.0% 76.2% 3.2% 0.0% 0.0%

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Decan/Dečani 87.3% 82.5% 12.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Suharekë/Suva 70.8% 76.0% 7.3% 0.0% 6.3% 1.0% Reka Rahovec/Orahovac 90.0% 45.6% 15.6% 0.0% 1.1% 0.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 67.1% 53.9% 30.3% 0.0% 0.0% 1.3% Ferizaj/Uroševac 72.6% 68.7% 46.4% 0.0% 3.9% 0.0% Junik/Junik 22.5% 67.5% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 50.0% 72.5% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

27. In your opinion, who among the local authorities is responsible for corruption in the public procurement process (implementation of projects: roads, schools, parks, etc.)? Purchasing Municipal Contract Mayors officers Directors Menagers Pristina 62.9% 59.5% 49.2% 42.5% Gjilan/Gnjilane 79.0% 69.9% 53.1% 39.9% Pejë/Peć 51.1% 38.2% 81.7% 79.4% Prizren/Prizren 38.7% 41.9% 62.3% 39.4% Gjakovë/Đakovica 75.8% 54.9% 42.5% 45.8% Podujevë/Podujevo 48.9% 71.6% 66.0% 48.2% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 39.4% 59.6% 61.5% 42.3% Istog/Istok 98.4% 88.9% 98.4% 100.0% Decan/Dečani 77.8% 82.5% 41.3% 22.2% Suharekë/Suva Reka 65.6% 81.3% 36.5% 26.0% Rahovec/Orahovac 52.2% 93.3% 75.6% 41.1% Lipjan/Lipljan 42.4% 41.2% 43.5% 48.2% Ferizaj/Uroševac 59.8% 47.5% 52.5% 63.1% Junik/Junik 55.0% 12.5% 25.0% 97.5% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 87.5% 10.0% 40.0% 92.5%

27. In your opinion, who among the local authorities is responsible for corruption in the public procurement process (implementation of projects: roads, schools, parks, etc.)? Refuse to Inspectorate Other Don't know answer Pristina 46.8% 0.0% 0.0% 2.3% Gjilan/Gnjilane 47.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Pejë/Peć 74.0% 0.8% 0.0% 0.0% Prizren/Prizren 64.4% 0.4% 1.4% 0.0% Gjakovë/Đakovica 17.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.7% Podujevë/Podujevo 51.1% 0.0% 2.1% 1.4% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 57.7% 0.0% 0.0% 1.0% Istog/Istok 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Decan/Dečani 3.2% 0.0% 0.0% 1.6% Suharekë/Suva Reka 14.6% 0.0% 2.1% 0.0% Rahovec/Orahovac 53.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 45.9% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 59.2% 0.0% 1.1% 0.6% Junik/Junik 97.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 97.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

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28. Do you believe that perpetrators of corruption are adequately punished in your municipality? Punishments Punishments Not Don't Refuse to Yes are too are too punished know answer lenient harsh at all Pristina 3.1% 30.8% 1.9% 56.0% 6.6% 1.6% Gjilan/Gnjilane 6.2% 45.5% 3.4% 44.1% 0.7% Pejë/Peć 4.5% 23.2% 3.2% 65.2% 3.2% 0.6% Prizren/Prizren 0.4% 25.4% 2.1% 71.5% 0.7% Gjakovë/Đakovica 4.5% 41.3% 7.7% 44.5% 1.9% Podujevë/Podujevo 2.1% 27.0% 3.5% 61.0% 6.4% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 3.5% 36.8% 3.5% 50.9% 4.4% 0.9% Istog/Istok 3.2% 96.8% Decan/Dečani 9.5% 46.0% 15.9% 28.6% Suharekë/Suva 9.4% 45.8% 15.6% 26.0% 3.1% Reka Rahovec/Orahovac 8.9% 48.9% 42.2% Lipjan/Lipljan 12.0% 25.0% 10.9% 50.0% 2.2% Ferizaj/Uroševac 6.7% 38.5% 6.7% 44.7% 2.2% 1.1% Junik/Junik 12.5% 55.0% 30.0% 2.5% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 75.0% 2.5% 22.5%

29. In the past year, have you encountered a situation where municipal public officials have conditioned their services to require bribes, gifts or other favors? Refuse to Yes No Don't know answer Pristina 6.6% 89.0% 1.6% 2.8% Gjilan/Gnjilane 3.4% 95.2% 1.4% Pejë/Peć 1.3% 96.1% 1.9% 0.6% Prizren/Prizren 10.6% 89.1% 0.4% Gjakovë/Đakovica 1.9% 94.8% 2.6% 0.6% Podujevë/Podujevo 7.1% 91.5% 1.4% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 2.6% 93.9% 1.8% 1.8% Istog/Istok 100.0% Decan/Dečani 3.2% 96.8% Suharekë/Suva Reka 2.1% 97.9% Rahovec/Orahovac 100.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 5.4% 94.6% Ferizaj/Uroševac 4.5% 93.3% 1.1% 1.1% Junik/Junik 100.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 5.0% 95.0%

30. Have you given bribes, gifts or other favors to municipal public officials for the services provided? Yes No Refuse to answer

Pristina 28.6% 71.4% Gjilan/Gnjilane 60.0% 20.0% 20.0% Pejë/Peć 50.0% 50.0% Prizren/Prizren 40.0% 60.0%

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Gjakovë/Đakovica 100.0% Podujevë/Podujevo 10.0% 90.0% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 33.3% 66.7% Decan/Dečani 100.0% Suharekë/Suva Reka 50.0% 50.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 100.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 50.0% 50.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 100.0%

31. Could you please tell us the institution where you were conditioned to give bribes, gifts or other favors to get a service from the municipality? Administrative Public Services Cadaster Urbanism services Pristina 16.7% 33.3% 16.7% 16.7% Gjilan/Gnjilane 0.0% 33.3% 0.0% 33.3% Pejë/Peć 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Prizren/Prizren 0.0% 0.0% 8.3% 0.0% Gjakovë/Đakovica 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Podujevë/Podujevo 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 100.0% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Istog/Istok 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Decan/Dečani 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Suharekë/Suva Reka 100.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Rahovec/Orahovac 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 25.0% 50.0% 25.0% 75.0% Junik/Junik 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

31. Could you please tell us the institution where you were conditioned to give bribes, gifts or other favors to get a service from the municipality? Procurement (tenders, Inspectorate Education Finance evaluations, project implementation) Pristina 16.7% 0.0% 16.7% 0.0% Gjilan/Gnjilane 0.0% 33.3% 0.0% 0.0% Pejë/Peć 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Prizren/Prizren 8.3% 16.7% 0.0% 8.3% Gjakovë/Đakovica 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Podujevë/Podujevo 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Istog/Istok 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Decan/Dečani 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Suharekë/Suva Reka 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Rahovec/Orahovac 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 0.0% 25.0% 0.0% 25.0%

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Junik/Junik 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

31. Could you please tell us the institution where you were conditioned to give bribes, gifts or other favors to get a service from the municipality? Employment (Human Refuse to Other Don't know Resources answer Office) Pristina 33.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Gjilan/Gnjilane 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Pejë/Peć 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Prizren/Prizren 0.0% 25.0% 0.0% 33.3% Gjakovë/Đakovica 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Podujevë/Podujevo 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Vushtrri/Vučitrn 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% Istog/Istok 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Decan/Dečani 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Suharekë/Suva Reka 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Rahovec/Orahovac 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Lipjan/Lipljan 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Ferizaj/Uroševac 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Junik/Junik 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Han i Elezit/Elez Han 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

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Annex 3. Results for Other Municipalities

1. What are the three most important problems that you are facing as a citizen in your municipality? Road Corruption Unemployment Crime Infrastructure Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna 15.2% 62.5% 78.6% 11.6% Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 2.5% 8.9% 91.1% 1.3% Leposaviq/Leposavić 24.0% 20.0% 84.0% 24.0% Klinë/Klina 8.3% 21.7% 86.7% 8.3% Dragash/Dragaš 32.1% 20.8% 67.9% 13.2% Viti/Vitina 6.8% 5.5% 82.2% 0.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 24.6% 15.8% 70.2% 0.0% Shtime/Štimlje 4.7% 39.5% 97.7% 2.3% Kacanik/Kačanik 0.0% 30.8% 98.1% 0.0% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 31.5% 29.6% 81.5% 5.6% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 11.8% 29.4% 100.0% 2.9% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 30.4% 47.8% 73.9% 13.0% Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok 52.2% 56.5% 60.9% 4.3% Shtërpcë/Štrpce 4.3% 30.4% 91.3% 13.0% Zvecan/Zvečan 13.0% 43.5% 78.3% 30.4% Gliogoc/Glogovac 11.8% 28.0% 92.5% 6.5% Malishevë/Mališevo 7.1% 42.4% 95.3% 5.9% Mamushë/Mamuša 10.0% 15.0% 95.0% 5.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 4.3% 4.3% 95.7% 69.6% Ranillug/Ranilug 0.0% 95.0% 95.0% 5.0% Partesh/Parteš 25.0% 70.0% 80.0% 20.0% Kllokot/Klokot 5.0% 35.0% 85.0% 5.0% Mitrovicë e 43.5% 65.2% 78.3% 39.1% Veriut/Severna Mitrovica

1. What are the three most important problems that you are facing as a citizen in your municipality? Poverty/Low Poor Poor water Poor transport standard of healthcare supply services living sercives Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna 30.4% 5.4% 52.7% 0.9% Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 46.8% 57.0% 3.8% 2.5% Leposaviq/Leposavić 92.0% 0.0% 24.0% 16.0% Klinë/Klina 5.0% 61.7% 13.3% 6.7% Dragash/Dragaš 15.1% 17.0% 18.9% 17.0% Viti/Vitina 26.0% 32.9% 47.9% 20.5% Kamenicë/Kamenica 35.1% 12.3% 42.1% 22.8% Shtime/Štimlje 51.2% 23.3% 27.9% 0.0% Kacanik/Kačanik 53.8% 7.7% 23.1% 13.5% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 37.0% 33.3% 24.1% 11.1% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 67.6% 11.8% 38.2% 0.0% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 30.4% 4.3% 21.7% 26.1% Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok 34.8% 0.0% 13.0% 13.0% Shtërpcë/Štrpce 34.8% 34.8% 8.7% 4.3% Zvecan/Zvečan 69.6% 8.7% 17.4% 0.0%

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Gliogoc/Glogovac 68.8% 24.7% 15.1% 11.8% Malishevë/Mališevo 58.8% 16.5% 30.6% 1.2% Mamushë/Mamuša 40.0% 55.0% 5.0% 0.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 82.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Ranillug/Ranilug 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 5.0% Partesh/Parteš 30.0% 5.0% 10.0% 0.0% Kllokot/Klokot 50.0% 60.0% 20.0% 10.0% Mitrovicë e 34.8% 8.7% 4.3% 4.3% Veriut/Severna Mitrovica

1. What are the three most important problems that you are facing as a citizen in your municipality? Poor quality education at Poor function of preschool, Dysfunctional rubbish Ilegal elementary municipal collection construction and administration service secondary level Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna 3.6% 25.9% 6.3% 2.7% Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 10.1% 5.1% 0.0% 2.5% Leposaviq/Leposavić 0.0% 4.0% 0.0% 0.0% Klinë/Klina 3.3% 33.3% 5.0% 1.7% Dragash/Dragaš 13.2% 22.6% 7.5% 7.5% Viti/Vitina 8.2% 24.7% 0.0% 0.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 10.5% 24.6% 3.5% 1.8% Shtime/Štimlje 9.3% 11.6% 0.0% 2.3% Kacanik/Kačanik 3.8% 1.9% 5.8% 0.0% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 22.2% 5.6% 0.0% 5.6% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 2.9% 0.0% 5.9% 0.0% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 17.4% 21.7% 4.3% 0.0% Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok 13.0% 13.0% 21.7% 13.0% Shtërpcë/Štrpce 0.0% 4.3% 4.3% 8.7% Zvecan/Zvečan 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 8.7% Gliogoc/Glogovac 7.5% 4.3% 4.3% 6.5% Malishevë/Mališevo 15.3% 5.9% 0.0% 0.0% Mamushë/Mamuša 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Ranillug/Ranilug 0.0% 65.0% 30.0% 0.0% Partesh/Parteš 5.0% 25.0% 20.0% 5.0% Kllokot/Klokot 20.0% 5.0% 0.0% 5.0% Mitrovicë e 8.7% 0.0% 4.3% 8.7% Veriut/Severna Mitrovica

1. What are the three most important problems that you are facing as a citizen in your municipality? Employment in Refuse to the informal Other Don't know answer market/economy Mitrovicë e 0.9% 2.7% 0.9% 0.0% Jugut/Južna Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 5.1% 50.6% 1.3% 1.3% Leposaviq/Leposavić 12.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Klinë/Klina 15.0% 26.7% 3.3% 0.0%

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Dragash/Dragaš 13.2% 13.2% 0.0% 0.0% Viti/Vitina 26.0% 19.2% 0.0% 0.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 14.0% 17.5% 0.0% 0.0% Shtime/Štimlje 9.3% 2.3% 11.6% 7.0% Kacanik/Kačanik 55.8% 0.0% 3.8% 1.9% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 1.9% 11.1% 0.0% 0.0% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 5.9% 23.5% 0.0% 0.0% Novobërdë/Novo 8.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Brdo Zubin Potok/Zubin 0.0% 4.3% 0.0% 0.0% Potok Shtërpcë/Štrpce 4.3% 8.7% 0.0% 0.0% Zvecan/Zvečan 30.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 12.9% 5.4% 1.1% 0.0% Malishevë/Mališevo 1.2% 11.8% 8.2% 0.0% Mamushë/Mamuša 0.0% 50.0% 25.0% 0.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 0.0% 4.3% 8.7% 0.0% Ranillug/Ranilug 5.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Partesh/Parteš 5.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Kllokot/Klokot 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Mitrovica

2. Can you please tell me, how much do you trust your local government on a scale from 1 – 7 (where 1 is the lowest and 7 is the highest score)? Municipality Mean Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna Mitrovica 3.19 Skenderaj/Srbica 5.08 Leposaviq/Leposavić 4.60 Klinë/Klina 3.45 Dragash/Dragaš 3.32 Viti/Vitina 4.58 Kamenicë/Kamenica 4.11 Shtime/Štimlje 4.00 Kacanik/Kačanik 4.73 Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo Polje 3.94 Obiliq/Obilić 3.65 Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 3.48 Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok 3.91 Shtërpcë/Štrpce 3.13 Zvecan/Zvečan 1.91 Gliogoc/Glogovac 4.20 Malishevë/Mališevo 4.21 Mamushë/Mamuša 4.60 Gracanicë/Gračanica 5.43 Ranillug/Ranilug 3.40 Partesh/Parteš 3.35 Kllokot/Klokot 3.05 Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna Mitrovica 3.04

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3. Can you please tell me, how satisfied are you with the municipal services in general? Refuse Somewhat Somewhat Very Don't Very satisfied to satisfied dissatisfied dissatisfied know answer Mitrovicë e 2.7% 61.6% 24.1% 11.6% Jugut/Južna Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 31.6% 54.4% 8.9% 5.1% Leposaviq/Leposavić 28.0% 52.0% 8.0% 8.0% 4.0% Klinë/Klina 10.0% 50.0% 16.7% 23.3% Dragash/Dragaš 1.9% 52.8% 26.4% 18.9% Viti/Vitina 30.1% 63.0% 5.5% 1.4% Kamenicë/Kamenica 26.3% 54.4% 17.5% 1.8% Shtime/Štimlje 7.0% 55.8% 30.2% 7.0% Kacanik/Kačanik 1.9% 73.1% 19.2% 5.8% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 16.7% 33.3% 38.9% 11.1% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 82.4% 11.8% 5.9% Novobërdë/Novo 34.8% 65.2% Brdo Zubin Potok/Zubin 8.7% 8.7% 39.1% 39.1% 4.3% Potok Shtërpcë/Štrpce 52.2% 39.1% 8.7% Zvecan/Zvečan 4.3% 8.7% 43.5% 39.1% 4.3% Gliogoc/Glogovac 11.8% 47.3% 32.3% 8.6% Malishevë/Mališevo 4.7% 71.8% 20.0% 3.5% Mamushë/Mamuša 40.0% 55.0% 5.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 17.4% 78.3% 4.3% Ranillug/Ranilug 85.0% 15.0% Partesh/Parteš 5.0% 55.0% 35.0% 5.0% Kllokot/Klokot 25.0% 45.0% 30.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 8.7% 34.8% 47.8% 8.7% Mitrovica

4a. How satisfied are you with the your Municipal Mayor fulfilling electoral promises since the last municipal elections in 2017? Refuse Very Somewhat Somewhat Very Don't to satisfied satisfied dissatisfied dissatisfied know answer Mitrovicë e 6.3% 36.6% 31.3% 25.9% Jugut/Južna Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 57.0% 29.1% 10.1% 3.8% Leposaviq/Leposavić 24.0% 56.0% 20.0% Klinë/Klina 13.3% 36.7% 25.0% 25.0% Dragash/Dragaš 9.4% 54.7% 22.6% 11.3% 1.9% Viti/Vitina 37.0% 50.7% 12.3% Kamenicë/Kamenica 12.3% 50.9% 28.1% 8.8% Shtime/Štimlje 25.6% 48.8% 14.0% 9.3% 2.3% Kacanik/Kačanik 1.9% 75.0% 17.3% 5.8% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 11.1% 48.1% 31.5% 9.3% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 8.8% 61.8% 17.6% 8.8% 2.9%

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Novobërdë/Novo 39.1% 60.9% Brdo Zubin Potok/Zubin 4.3% 39.1% 47.8% 8.7% Potok Shtërpcë/Štrpce 4.3% 39.1% 26.1% 30.4% Zvecan/Zvečan 13.0% 43.5% 39.1% 4.3% Gliogoc/Glogovac 6.5% 50.5% 29.0% 14.0% Malishevë/Mališevo 9.4% 61.2% 24.7% 4.7% Mamushë/Mamuša 35.0% 45.0% 15.0% 5.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 17.4% 78.3% 4.3% Ranillug/Ranilug 80.0% 20.0% Partesh/Parteš 10.0% 50.0% 35.0% 5.0% Kllokot/Klokot 35.0% 35.0% 30.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 30.4% 39.1% 21.7% 8.7% Mitrovica

4b. How satisfied are you with the work of your Municipal Assembly since the last municipal elections in 2017? Very Somewhat Somewhat Very Don't Refuse to satisfied satisfied dissatisfied dissatisfied know answer Mitrovicë e 1.8% 34.8% 33.0% 30.4% Jugut/Južna Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 35.4% 46.8% 12.7% 5.1% Leposaviq/Leposavić 24.0% 56.0% 20.0% Klinë/Klina 10.0% 38.3% 28.3% 23.3% Dragash/Dragaš 1.9% 32.1% 47.2% 17.0% 1.9% Viti/Vitina 1.4% 26.0% 26.0% 30.1% 16.4% Kamenicë/Kamenica 3.5% 31.6% 24.6% 28.1% 12.3% Shtime/Štimlje 7.0% 55.8% 23.3% 14.0% Kacanik/Kačanik 1.9% 75.0% 17.3% 5.8% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 13.0% 27.8% 51.9% 7.4% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 58.8% 29.4% 5.9% 5.9% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 4.3% 26.1% 65.2% 4.3% Zubin Potok/Zubin 8.7% 52.2% 30.4% 8.7% Potok Shtërpcë/Štrpce 43.5% 26.1% 30.4% Zvecan/Zvečan 8.7% 47.8% 39.1% 4.3% Gliogoc/Glogovac 5.4% 48.4% 29.0% 15.1% 2.2% Malishevë/Mališevo 4.7% 61.2% 31.8% 1.2% 1.2% Mamushë/Mamuša 35.0% 50.0% 15.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 8.7% 82.6% 4.3% 4.3% Ranillug/Ranilug 80.0% 15.0% 5.0% Partesh/Parteš 5.0% 55.0% 35.0% 5.0% Kllokot/Klokot 5.0% 25.0% 30.0% 35.0% 5.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 8.7% 26.1% 52.2% 8.7% 4.3% Mitrovica

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4c. How satisfied are you the work of your Municipal Administration since the last municipal elections in 2017? Very Somewhat Somewhat Very Don't Refuse to satisfied satisfied dissatisfied dissatisfied know answer Mitrovicë e 4.5% 58.0% 24.1% 12.5% 0.9% Jugut/Južna Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 34.2% 51.9% 10.1% 3.8% Leposaviq/Leposavić 20.0% 60.0% 20.0% Klinë/Klina 11.7% 41.7% 25.0% 21.7% Dragash/Dragaš 1.9% 60.4% 24.5% 13.2% Viti/Vitina 46.6% 43.8% 8.2% 1.4% Kamenicë/Kamenica 36.8% 49.1% 10.5% 3.5% Shtime/Štimlje 20.9% 48.8% 16.3% 11.6% 2.3% Kacanik/Kačanik 1.9% 75.0% 17.3% 5.8% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 14.8% 35.2% 42.6% 7.4% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 82.4% 17.6% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 8.7% 39.1% 52.2% Zubin Potok/Zubin 4.3% 17.4% 39.1% 26.1% 4.3% 8.7% Potok Shtërpcë/Štrpce 47.8% 30.4% 21.7% Zvecan/Zvečan 13.0% 43.5% 39.1% 4.3% Gliogoc/Glogovac 7.5% 46.2% 30.1% 15.1% 1.1% Malishevë/Mališevo 8.2% 72.9% 16.5% 2.4% Mamushë/Mamuša 35.0% 55.0% 10.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 8.7% 87.0% 4.3% Ranillug/Ranilug 85.0% 15.0% Partesh/Parteš 5.0% 50.0% 40.0% 5.0% Kllokot/Klokot 5.0% 20.0% 40.0% 35.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 4.3% 52.2% 39.1% 4.3% Mitrovica

5. Tell me, to what extent are you satisfied with the following aspects of municipal administration. Would you say that you are very satisfied, somewhat satisfied, somewhat unsatisfied or very unsatisfied with... Implementation of public projects Refuse Very Somewhat Somewhat Very Don't to satisfied satisfied dissatisfied dissatisfied know answer Mitrovicë e 11.6% 50.9% 24.1% 13.4% Jugut/Južna Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 44.3% 38.0% 12.7% 5.1% Leposaviq/Leposavić 32.0% 60.0% 8.0% Klinë/Klina 13.3% 56.7% 18.3% 10.0% 1.7% Dragash/Dragaš 20.8% 43.4% 15.1% 20.8% Viti/Vitina 13.7% 53.4% 30.1% 2.7% Kamenicë/Kamenica 5.3% 45.6% 36.8% 12.3% Shtime/Štimlje 23.3% 58.1% 9.3% 7.0% 2.3% Kacanik/Kačanik 5.8% 76.9% 11.5% 5.8% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 11.1% 68.5% 18.5% 1.9% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 17.6% 47.1% 29.4% 5.9%

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Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 4.3% 69.6% 26.1% Zubin Potok/Zubin 100.0% Potok Shtërpcë/Štrpce 8.7% 52.2% 21.7% 17.4% Zvecan/Zvečan 8.7% 47.8% 39.1% 4.3% Gliogoc/Glogovac 22.6% 57.0% 17.2% 3.2% Malishevë/Mališevo 17.6% 69.4% 11.8% 1.2% Mamushë/Mamuša 30.0% 40.0% 25.0% 5.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 4.3% 69.6% 8.7% 8.7% 8.7% Ranillug/Ranilug 85.0% 15.0% Partesh/Parteš 5.0% 55.0% 40.0% Kllokot/Klokot 10.0% 50.0% 35.0% 5.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 4.3% 17.4% 65.2% 13.0% Mitrovica

Recruitment of municipal staff

Very Somewhat Somewhat Very Don't Refuse to satisfied satisfied dissatisfied dissatisfied know answer

Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna 7.1% 33.0% 38.4% 21.4% Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 32.9% 46.8% 16.5% 3.8% Leposaviq/Leposavić 16.0% 48.0% 32.0% 4.0% Klinë/Klina 23.3% 43.3% 11.7% 13.3% 8.3% Dragash/Dragaš 13.2% 37.7% 28.3% 11.3% 9.4% Viti/Vitina 35.6% 42.5% 16.4% 2.7% 2.7% Kamenicë/Kamenica 29.8% 43.9% 22.8% 3.5% Shtime/Štimlje 11.6% 65.1% 18.6% 4.7% Kacanik/Kačanik 11.5% 69.2% 13.5% 5.8% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 33.3% 35.2% 25.9% 3.7% 1.9% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 8.8% 58.8% 20.6% 5.9% 5.9% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 21.7% 26.1% 43.5% 8.7%

Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok 39.1% 56.5% 4.3%

Shtërpcë/Štrpce 4.3% 43.5% 26.1% 26.1% Zvecan/Zvečan 8.7% 47.8% 39.1% 4.3% Gliogoc/Glogovac 29.0% 36.6% 28.0% 3.2% 3.2% Malishevë/Mališevo 30.6% 57.6% 10.6% 1.2% Mamushë/Mamuša 40.0% 50.0% 10.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 4.3% 69.6% 8.7% 8.7% 8.7% Ranillug/Ranilug 85.0% 15.0% Partesh/Parteš 15.0% 55.0% 30.0% Kllokot/Klokot 45.0% 25.0% 25.0% 5.0% Mitrovicë e 13.0% 21.7% 47.8% 17.4% Veriut/Severna Mitrovica

Management of municipal public finance Very Somewhat Somewhat Very Don't Refuse to satisfied satisfied dissatisfied dissatisfied know answer Mitrovicë e 5.4% 27.7% 45.5% 20.5% 0.9% Jugut/Južna Mitrovica

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Skenderaj/Srbica 34.2% 48.1% 11.4% 6.3% Leposaviq/Leposavić 16.0% 68.0% 8.0% 4.0% 4.0% Klinë/Klina 15.0% 50.0% 15.0% 11.7% 8.3% Dragash/Dragaš 7.5% 32.1% 35.8% 22.6% 1.9% Viti/Vitina 4.1% 41.1% 39.7% 6.8% 8.2% Kamenicë/Kamenica 1.8% 42.1% 40.4% 12.3% 3.5% Shtime/Štimlje 16.3% 53.5% 16.3% 9.3% 2.3% 2.3% Kacanik/Kačanik 5.8% 78.8% 9.6% 5.8% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 29.6% 40.7% 27.8% 1.9% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 8.8% 55.9% 26.5% 2.9% 5.9% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 65.2% 34.8% Zubin Potok/Zubin 21.7% 73.9% 4.3% Potok Shtërpcë/Štrpce 4.3% 43.5% 30.4% 21.7% Zvecan/Zvečan 8.7% 47.8% 39.1% 4.3% Gliogoc/Glogovac 17.2% 53.8% 24.7% 3.2% 1.1% Malishevë/Mališevo 8.2% 71.8% 17.6% 1.2% 1.2% Mamushë/Mamuša 25.0% 50.0% 20.0% 5.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 4.3% 69.6% 8.7% 4.3% 13.0% Ranillug/Ranilug 85.0% 15.0% Partesh/Parteš 20.0% 40.0% 40.0% Kllokot/Klokot 50.0% 5.0% 40.0% 5.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 13.0% 21.7% 47.8% 17.4% Mitrovica

6. How informed are you about the work of your municipality in general?

Very Somewhat Somewhat Not Don't Refuse to informed informed uninformed informed know answer at all Mitrovicë e 3.6% 42.0% 27.7% 26.8% Jugut/Južna Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 1.3% 25.3% 70.9% 2.5% Leposaviq/Leposavić 8.0% 44.0% 24.0% 24.0% Klinë/Klina 10.0% 28.3% 41.7% 20.0% Dragash/Dragaš 1.9% 34.0% 28.3% 32.1% 3.8% Viti/Vitina 21.9% 34.2% 43.8% Kamenicë/Kamenica 1.8% 19.3% 52.6% 26.3% Shtime/Štimlje 16.3% 30.2% 48.8% 4.7% Kacanik/Kačanik 1.9% 34.6% 48.1% 15.4% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 5.6% 31.5% 42.6% 20.4% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 2.9% 17.6% 35.3% 44.1% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 39.1% 52.2% 8.7% Zubin Potok/Zubin 8.7% 17.4% 47.8% 13.0% 13.0% Potok Shtërpcë/Štrpce 21.7% 26.1% 52.2% Zvecan/Zvečan 13.0% 39.1% 47.8% Gliogoc/Glogovac 2.2% 28.0% 45.2% 23.7% 1.1% Malishevë/Mališevo 54.1% 29.4% 16.5% Mamushë/Mamuša 5.0% 50.0% 20.0% 25.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 4.3% 52.2% 13.0% 17.4% 13.0%

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Ranillug/Ranilug 60.0% 35.0% 5.0% Partesh/Parteš 5.0% 45.0% 45.0% 5.0% Kllokot/Klokot 25.0% 65.0% 10.0% Mitrovicë e 8.7% 30.4% 47.8% 8.7% 4.3% Veriut/Severna Mitrovica

7. How informed are you about the publication of the following municipal documents / reports? Would you say you are very well informed, somewhat informed, somewhat uninformed or not at all informed? Mayors report’s Not Very Somewhat Somewhat Don't Refuse to informed informed informed uninformed know answer at all Mitrovicë e 2.7% 29.5% 18.8% 49.1% Jugut/Južna Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 2.5% 21.5% 74.7% 1.3% Leposaviq/Leposavić 8.0% 36.0% 44.0% 12.0% Klinë/Klina 5.0% 20.0% 28.3% 46.7% Dragash/Dragaš 1.9% 37.7% 41.5% 18.9% Viti/Vitina 28.8% 37.0% 34.2% Kamenicë/Kamenica 24.6% 43.9% 31.6% Shtime/Štimlje 4.7% 7.0% 32.6% 51.2% 4.7% Kacanik/Kačanik 1.9% 21.2% 57.7% 19.2% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 3.7% 13.0% 51.9% 31.5% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 11.8% 26.5% 61.8% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 26.1% 56.5% 17.4% Zubin Potok/Zubin 91.3% 8.7% Potok Shtërpcë/Štrpce 13.0% 21.7% 60.9% 4.3% Zvecan/Zvečan 17.4% 34.8% 47.8% Gliogoc/Glogovac 2.2% 14.0% 54.8% 28.0% 1.1% Malishevë/Mališevo 22.4% 43.5% 34.1% Mamushë/Mamuša 5.0% 30.0% 25.0% 40.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 4.3% 52.2% 8.7% 17.4% 13.0% 4.3% Ranillug/Ranilug 60.0% 30.0% 10.0% Partesh/Parteš 25.0% 15.0% 55.0% 5.0% Kllokot/Klokot 10.0% 15.0% 25.0% 50.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 65.2% 26.1% 4.3% 4.3% Mitrovica

NAO report Not Very Somewhat Somewhat Don’t Refuse to informed informed informed uninformed know answer at all Mitrovicë e 1.8% 20.5% 19.6% 58.0% Jugut/Južna Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 1.3% 16.5% 75.9% 6.3% Leposaviq/Leposavić 4.0% 32.0% 52.0% 12.0% Klinë/Klina 1.7% 13.3% 21.7% 63.3% Dragash/Dragaš 1.9% 39.6% 24.5% 34.0% Viti/Vitina 15.1% 46.6% 38.4% Kamenicë/Kamenica 7.0% 57.9% 35.1%

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Shtime/Štimlje 7.0% 44.2% 44.2% 2.3% 2.3% Kacanik/Kačanik 1.9% 17.3% 61.5% 19.2% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 1.9% 31.5% 33.3% 33.3% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 8.8% 26.5% 64.7% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 4.3% 17.4% 52.2% 26.1% Zubin Potok/Zubin 13.0% 69.6% 17.4% Potok Shtërpcë/Štrpce 21.7% 73.9% 4.3% Zvecan/Zvečan 13.0% 39.1% 47.8% Gliogoc/Glogovac 2.2% 10.8% 50.5% 35.5% 1.1% Malishevë/Mališevo 21.2% 44.7% 34.1% Mamushë/Mamuša 25.0% 30.0% 45.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 4.3% 30.4% 21.7% 21.7% 17.4% 4.3% Ranillug/Ranilug 40.0% 50.0% 10.0% Partesh/Parteš 15.0% 35.0% 45.0% 5.0% Kllokot/Klokot 10.0% 15.0% 30.0% 45.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 8.7% 65.2% 21.7% 4.3% Mitrovica

Procurement plan

Not Very Somewhat Somewhat Don’t Refuse to informed informed informed uninformed know answer at all Mitrovicë e 25.0% 17.9% 57.1% Jugut/Južna Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 1.3% 15.2% 78.5% 5.1% Leposaviq/Leposavić 4.0% 24.0% 60.0% 12.0% Klinë/Klina 1.7% 8.3% 28.3% 61.7% Dragash/Dragaš 13.2% 37.7% 15.1% 34.0% Viti/Vitina 16.4% 45.2% 38.4% Kamenicë/Kamenica 19.3% 45.6% 35.1% Shtime/Štimlje 4.7% 2.3% 34.9% 48.8% 9.3% Kacanik/Kačanik 17.3% 63.5% 19.2% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 5.6% 16.7% 31.5% 46.3% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 8.8% 29.4% 61.8% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 26.1% 47.8% 26.1% Zubin Potok/Zubin 43.5% 39.1% 13.0% 4.3% Potok Shtërpcë/Štrpce 21.7% 73.9% 4.3% Zvecan/Zvečan 8.7% 43.5% 47.8% Gliogoc/Glogovac 2.2% 11.8% 59.1% 25.8% 1.1% Malishevë/Mališevo 7.1% 52.9% 40.0% Mamushë/Mamuša 20.0% 35.0% 45.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 4.3% 30.4% 26.1% 17.4% 17.4% 4.3% Ranillug/Ranilug 50.0% 45.0% 5.0% Partesh/Parteš 10.0% 25.0% 60.0% 5.0% Kllokot/Klokot 10.0% 5.0% 35.0% 50.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 34.8% 30.4% 30.4% 4.3% Mitrovica

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Procurement activities Not Very Somewhat Somewhat Don’t Refuse to informed informed informed uninformed know answer at all Mitrovicë e 1.8% 20.5% 18.8% 58.9% Jugut/Južna Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 1.3% 15.2% 79.7% 3.8% Leposaviq/Leposavić 8.0% 24.0% 56.0% 12.0% Klinë/Klina 1.7% 11.7% 16.7% 70.0% Dragash/Dragaš 3.8% 43.4% 22.6% 30.2% Viti/Vitina 16.4% 45.2% 38.4% Kamenicë/Kamenica 22.8% 40.4% 36.8% Shtime/Štimlje 9.3% 30.2% 48.8% 7.0% 4.7% Kacanik/Kačanik 19.2% 61.5% 19.2% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 3.7% 14.8% 48.1% 33.3% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 11.8% 26.5% 61.8% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 17.4% 56.5% 26.1% Zubin Potok/Zubin 43.5% 34.8% 21.7% Potok Shtërpcë/Štrpce 4.3% 21.7% 69.6% 4.3% Zvecan/Zvečan 8.7% 43.5% 47.8% Gliogoc/Glogovac 1.1% 15.1% 52.7% 30.1% 1.1% Malishevë/Mališevo 4.7% 55.3% 40.0% Mamushë/Mamuša 25.0% 30.0% 45.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 4.3% 30.4% 26.1% 17.4% 17.4% 4.3% Ranillug/Ranilug 45.0% 50.0% 5.0% Partesh/Parteš 20.0% 20.0% 55.0% 5.0% Kllokot/Klokot 15.0% 5.0% 25.0% 55.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 34.8% 26.1% 34.8% 4.3% Mitrovica

Municipal Public Expenditures Reports

Not Very Somewhat Somewhat Don't Refuse to informed informed informed uninformed know answer at all Mitrovicë e 0.9% 29.5% 20.5% 49.1% Jugut/Južna Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 1.3% 19.0% 78.5% 1.3% Leposaviq/Leposavić 8.0% 20.0% 60.0% 12.0% Klinë/Klina 1.7% 11.7% 25.0% 61.7% Dragash/Dragaš 18.9% 24.5% 30.2% 26.4% Viti/Vitina 21.9% 42.5% 35.6% Kamenicë/Kamenica 7.0% 61.4% 31.6% Shtime/Štimlje 7.0% 4.7% 25.6% 51.2% 4.7% 7.0% Kacanik/Kačanik 25.0% 55.8% 19.2% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 3.7% 14.8% 46.3% 35.2% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 11.8% 26.5% 61.8% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 21.7% 47.8% 30.4% Zubin Potok/Zubin 21.7% 47.8% 26.1% 4.3% Potok Shtërpcë/Štrpce 4.3% 21.7% 69.6% 4.3%

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Zvecan/Zvečan 8.7% 39.1% 52.2% Gliogoc/Glogovac 2.2% 12.9% 51.6% 32.3% 1.1% Malishevë/Mališevo 20.0% 41.2% 38.8% Mamushë/Mamuša 25.0% 30.0% 45.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 4.3% 30.4% 21.7% 21.7% 17.4% 4.3% Ranillug/Ranilug 35.0% 55.0% 10.0% Partesh/Parteš 20.0% 30.0% 45.0% 5.0% Kllokot/Klokot 10.0% 15.0% 25.0% 50.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 30.4% 34.8% 30.4% 4.3% Mitrovica

Municipal Financial Reports

Very Somewhat Somewhat Not Don't Refuse to informed informed uninformed informed know answer at all Mitrovicë e 2.7% 26.8% 24.1% 46.4% Jugut/Južna Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 1.3% 29.1% 67.1% 2.5% Leposaviq/Leposavić 8.0% 24.0% 56.0% 12.0% Klinë/Klina 3.3% 10.0% 26.7% 60.0% Dragash/Dragaš 13.2% 30.2% 32.1% 24.5% Viti/Vitina 9.6% 54.8% 35.6% Kamenicë/Kamenica 12.3% 50.9% 36.8% Shtime/Štimlje 2.3% 41.9% 46.5% 7.0% 2.3% Kacanik/Kačanik 1.9% 23.1% 57.7% 17.3% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 3.7% 11.1% 38.9% 46.3% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 11.8% 23.5% 64.7% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 17.4% 56.5% 26.1% Zubin Potok/Zubin 17.4% 56.5% 21.7% 4.3% Potok Shtërpcë/Štrpce 21.7% 73.9% 4.3% Zvecan/Zvečan 13.0% 39.1% 47.8% Gliogoc/Glogovac 2.2% 12.9% 54.8% 29.0% 1.1% Malishevë/Mališevo 12.9% 49.4% 37.6% Mamushë/Mamuša 20.0% 35.0% 45.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 4.3% 30.4% 21.7% 21.7% 17.4% 4.3% Ranillug/Ranilug 35.0% 55.0% 10.0% Partesh/Parteš 20.0% 25.0% 50.0% 5.0% Kllokot/Klokot 5.0% 15.0% 40.0% 40.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 8.7% 43.5% 43.5% 4.3% Mitrovica

Municipal Public Investments Reports Not Very Somewhat Somewhat Don't Refuse to informed informed informed uninformed know answer at all Mitrovicë e 3.6% 28.6% 28.6% 39.3% Jugut/Južna Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 1.3% 54.4% 41.8% 2.5% Leposaviq/Leposavić 8.0% 24.0% 56.0% 12.0% Klinë/Klina 1.7% 16.7% 16.7% 65.0%

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Dragash/Dragaš 5.7% 37.7% 30.2% 26.4% Viti/Vitina 15.1% 46.6% 38.4% Kamenicë/Kamenica 10.5% 54.4% 35.1% Shtime/Štimlje 4.7% 4.7% 37.2% 48.8% 2.3% 2.3% Kacanik/Kačanik 3.8% 17.3% 59.6% 19.2% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 1.9% 13.0% 48.1% 37.0% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 17.6% 20.6% 61.8% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 21.7% 47.8% 30.4% Zubin Potok/Zubin 8.7% 60.9% 26.1% 4.3% Potok Shtërpcë/Štrpce 21.7% 73.9% 4.3% Zvecan/Zvečan 13.0% 39.1% 47.8% Gliogoc/Glogovac 1.1% 12.9% 55.9% 29.0% 1.1% Malishevë/Mališevo 11.8% 50.6% 37.6% Mamushë/Mamuša 20.0% 35.0% 45.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 4.3% 30.4% 21.7% 21.7% 17.4% 4.3% Ranillug/Ranilug 40.0% 55.0% 5.0% Partesh/Parteš 15.0% 25.0% 55.0% 5.0% Kllokot/Klokot 10.0% 5.0% 40.0% 45.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 17.4% 13.0% 60.9% 4.3% 4.3% Mitrovica

Municipal regulations and plans Not Very Somewhat Somewhat Don't Refuse to informed informed informed uninformed know answer at all Mitrovicë e 2.7% 40.2% 25.0% 32.1% Jugut/Južna Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 1.3% 44.3% 53.2% 1.3% Leposaviq/Leposavić 8.0% 28.0% 52.0% 12.0% Klinë/Klina 3.3% 11.7% 26.7% 58.3% Dragash/Dragaš 3.8% 32.1% 39.6% 24.5% Viti/Vitina 23.3% 39.7% 37.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 1.8% 38.6% 33.3% 26.3% Shtime/Štimlje 7.0% 39.5% 46.5% 4.7% 2.3% Kacanik/Kačanik 17.3% 63.5% 19.2% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 7.4% 13.0% 35.2% 44.4% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 8.8% 29.4% 61.8% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 21.7% 39.1% 39.1% Zubin Potok/Zubin 8.7% 56.5% 30.4% 4.3% Potok Shtërpcë/Štrpce 4.3% 21.7% 69.6% 4.3% Zvecan/Zvečan 13.0% 39.1% 47.8% Gliogoc/Glogovac 1.1% 18.3% 46.2% 33.3% 1.1% Malishevë/Mališevo 8.2% 55.3% 36.5% Mamushë/Mamuša 25.0% 30.0% 45.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 4.3% 30.4% 21.7% 21.7% 17.4% 4.3% Ranillug/Ranilug 60.0% 30.0% 10.0% Partesh/Parteš 20.0% 30.0% 45.0% 5.0% Kllokot/Klokot 10.0% 20.0% 20.0% 50.0%

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Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 13.0% 26.1% 52.2% 4.3% 4.3% Mitrovica

Municipal decisions Not Very Somewhat Somewhat Don't Refuse to informed informed informed uninformed know answer at all Mitrovicë e 4.5% 61.6% 17.9% 15.2% 0.9% Jugut/Južna Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 1.3% 35.4% 62.0% 1.3% Leposaviq/Leposavić 12.0% 40.0% 36.0% 12.0% Klinë/Klina 3.3% 16.7% 33.3% 46.7% Dragash/Dragaš 41.5% 34.0% 24.5% Viti/Vitina 32.9% 32.9% 34.2% Kamenicë/Kamenica 3.5% 42.1% 35.1% 19.3% Shtime/Štimlje 2.3% 7.0% 30.2% 58.1% 2.3% Kacanik/Kačanik 21.2% 57.7% 21.2% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 5.6% 9.3% 42.6% 40.7% 1.9% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 14.7% 23.5% 61.8% Novobërdë/Novo 21.7% 43.5% 34.8% Brdo Zubin Potok/Zubin 8.7% 30.4% 52.2% 8.7% Potok Shtërpcë/Štrpce 4.3% 4.3% 21.7% 65.2% 4.3% Zvecan/Zvečan 17.4% 34.8% 47.8% Gliogoc/Glogovac 3.2% 17.2% 46.2% 30.1% 1.1% 2.2% Malishevë/Mališevo 8.2% 57.6% 34.1% Mamushë/Mamuša 20.0% 35.0% 45.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 4.3% 39.1% 21.7% 13.0% 17.4% 4.3% Ranillug/Ranilug 50.0% 45.0% 5.0% Partesh/Parteš 30.0% 15.0% 50.0% 5.0% Kllokot/Klokot 10.0% 20.0% 25.0% 45.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 4.3% 34.8% 43.5% 8.7% 8.7% Mitrovica

8. Are you informed about the municipal budget in your municipality for this year? Yes No Refuse to answer Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna Mitrovica 16.1% 83.9% Skenderaj/Srbica 13.9% 86.1% Leposaviq/Leposavić 4.0% 96.0% Klinë/Klina 13.3% 86.7% Dragash/Dragaš 15.1% 69.8% 15.1% Viti/Vitina 5.5% 94.5% Kamenicë/Kamenica 21.1% 78.9% Shtime/Štimlje 4.7% 93.0% 2.3% Kacanik/Kačanik 17.3% 82.7% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo Polje 3.7% 96.3% Obiliq/Obilić 5.9% 94.1% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 100.0%

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Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok 8.7% 73.9% 17.4% Shtërpcë/Štrpce 4.3% 95.7% Zvecan/Zvečan 8.7% 91.3% Gliogoc/Glogovac 6.5% 93.5% Malishevë/Mališevo 7.1% 92.9% Mamushë/Mamuša 5.0% 95.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 34.8% 52.2% 13.0% Ranillug/Ranilug 15.0% 85.0% Partesh/Parteš 20.0% 75.0% 5.0% Kllokot/Klokot 10.0% 90.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 73.9% 26.1% Mitrovica

9. Are you aware of capital projects (Construction & rehabilitation of roads/sidewalks, Public/street lighting, Construction of schools/kindergartens and healthcare facilities, Green spaces/areas/parks) planned for this year? Yes No Refuse to answer Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna Mitrovica 32.1% 67.9% Skenderaj/Srbica 17.7% 82.3% Leposaviq/Leposavić 36.0% 60.0% 4.0% Klinë/Klina 23.3% 76.7% Dragash/Dragaš 39.6% 56.6% 3.8% Viti/Vitina 32.9% 67.1% Kamenicë/Kamenica 50.9% 49.1% Shtime/Štimlje 14.0% 79.1% 7.0% Kacanik/Kačanik 23.1% 76.9% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo Polje 13.0% 87.0% Obiliq/Obilić 20.6% 79.4% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 4.3% 95.7% Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok 4.3% 78.3% 17.4% Shtërpcë/Štrpce 21.7% 78.3% Zvecan/Zvečan 13.0% 87.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 21.5% 78.5% Malishevë/Mališevo 45.9% 54.1% Mamushë/Mamuša 45.0% 55.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 17.4% 60.9% 21.7% Ranillug/Ranilug 10.0% 90.0% Partesh/Parteš 30.0% 65.0% 5.0% Kllokot/Klokot 25.0% 70.0% 5.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 4.3% 82.6% 13.0% Mitrovica

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10. Are you aware of capital projects (Construction & rehabilitation of roads/sidewalks, Public/street lighting, Construction of schools/kindergartens and healthcare facilities, Green spaces/areas/parks) implemented in your municipality in the last four years? Yes No Refuse to answer Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna Mitrovica 72.3% 27.7% Skenderaj/Srbica 54.4% 45.6% Leposaviq/Leposavić 84.0% 16.0% Klinë/Klina 50.0% 50.0% Dragash/Dragaš 49.1% 49.1% 1.9% Viti/Vitina 79.5% 20.5% Kamenicë/Kamenica 80.7% 19.3% Shtime/Štimlje 18.6% 74.4% 7.0% Kacanik/Kačanik 23.1% 76.9% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo Polje 11.1% 88.9% Obiliq/Obilić 20.6% 79.4% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 39.1% 60.9% Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok 13.0% 65.2% 21.7% Shtërpcë/Štrpce 47.8% 52.2% Zvecan/Zvečan 13.0% 87.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 47.3% 52.7% Malishevë/Mališevo 42.4% 57.6% Mamushë/Mamuša 55.0% 45.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 17.4% 60.9% 21.7% Ranillug/Ranilug 80.0% 20.0% Partesh/Parteš 55.0% 45.0% Kllokot/Klokot 20.0% 80.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 8.7% 78.3% 13.0% Mitrovica

11. How satisfied are you with quality of the capital investments in your municipality? Would you say that you are very satisfied, somewhat satisfied, somewhat unsatisfied or very unsatisfied? Refuse Very Somewhat Somewhat Very Don't to satisfied satisfied unsatisfied unsatisfied know answer Mitrovicë e 11.1% 72.8% 14.8% 1.2% Jugut/Južna Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 46.5% 30.2% 16.3% 7.0% Leposaviq/Leposavić 28.6% 42.9% 28.6% Klinë/Klina 20.0% 40.0% 23.3% 16.7% Dragash/Dragaš 50.0% 38.5% 11.5% Viti/Vitina 10.3% 63.8% 19.0% 5.2% 1.7% Kamenicë/Kamenica 60.9% 32.6% 6.5% Shtime/Štimlje 25.0% 62.5% 12.5% Kacanik/Kačanik 58.3% 16.7% 25.0% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 16.7% 66.7% 16.7% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 71.4% 28.6% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 100.0% Zubin Potok/Zubin 66.7% 33.3% Potok Shtërpcë/Štrpce 9.1% 36.4% 54.5%

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Zvecan/Zvečan 66.7% 33.3% Gliogoc/Glogovac 9.1% 61.4% 27.3% 2.3% Malishevë/Mališevo 5.6% 77.8% 11.1% 5.6% Mamushë/Mamuša 9.1% 54.5% 18.2% 18.2% Gracanicë/Gračanica 33.3% 66.7% Ranillug/Ranilug 93.8% 6.3% Partesh/Parteš 9.1% 90.9% Kllokot/Klokot 50.0% 50.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 100.0% Mitrovica

11b. If you are not satisfied, what do you think is the cause of the poor quality of the projects implemented? Lack of Lack of Poor quality of professional monitoring the woks Lack of budget skills of the mechanism provided by municipal by companies officials municipality Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna 15.4% 23.1% 38.5% Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 10.0% 40.0% 10.0% Leposaviq/Leposavić 33.3% Klinë/Klina Dragash/Dragaš 7.7% 38.5% 30.8% Viti/Vitina 6.7% 46.7% 13.3% Kamenicë/Kamenica 5.6% 5.6% 16.7% 11.1% Shtime/Štimlje Kacanik/Kačanik 20.0% 20.0% 20.0% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo Polje Obiliq/Obilić 50.0% 50.0% Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok 100.0% Shtërpcë/Štrpce 16.7% 33.3% Zvecan/Zvečan 100.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 46.2% Malishevë/Mališevo 33.3% 50.0% 16.7% Mamushë/Mamuša 25.0% 25.0% Ranillug/Ranilug Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 100.0% Mitrovica

11b. If you are not satisfied, what do you think is the cause of the poor quality of the projects implemented?

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Lack of community Corruption involvement in practices (bribes, Other designing and fraud, nepotism) monitoring of the projects Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna Mitrovica 23.1% Skenderaj/Srbica 10.0% 30.0% Leposaviq/Leposavić 16.7% 50.0% Klinë/Klina 16.7% 83.3% Dragash/Dragaš 7.7% 15.4% Viti/Vitina 6.7% 26.7% Kamenicë/Kamenica 16.7% 38.9% 5.6% Shtime/Štimlje 100.0% Kacanik/Kačanik 20.0% 20.0% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo Polje 100.0% Obiliq/Obilić Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok Shtërpcë/Štrpce 16.7% 33.3% Zvecan/Zvečan Gliogoc/Glogovac 7.7% 46.2% Malishevë/Mališevo Mamushë/Mamuša 50.0% Ranillug/Ranilug 100.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna Mitrovica

12. Over the past year, have you…? Attended a municipal public meeting Refuse to Yes No Don't know answer Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna 11.6% 88.4% 0.0% 0.0% Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 15.2% 84.8% 0.0% 0.0% Leposaviq/Leposavić 36.0% 64.0% 0.0% 0.0% Klinë/Klina 18.3% 81.7% 0.0% 0.0% Dragash/Dragaš 15.1% 69.8% 15.1% 0.0% Viti/Vitina 13.7% 86.3% 0.0% 0.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 3.5% 94.7% 1.8% 0.0% Shtime/Štimlje 2.3% 86.0% 4.7% 7.0% Kacanik/Kačanik 15.4% 84.6% 0.0% 0.0% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo Polje 3.7% 96.3% 0.0% 0.0% Obiliq/Obilić 5.9% 94.1% 0.0% 0.0% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 13.0% 87.0% 0.0% 0.0% Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok 4.3% 39.1% 43.5% 13.0% Shtërpcë/Štrpce 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Zvecan/Zvečan 0.0% 95.7% 4.3% 0.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 5.4% 94.6% 0.0% 0.0% Malishevë/Mališevo 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Mamushë/Mamuša 10.0% 90.0% 0.0% 0.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 30.4% 43.5% 4.3% 21.7%

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Ranillug/Ranilug 20.0% 80.0% 0.0% 0.0% Partesh/Parteš 25.0% 65.0% 10.0% 0.0% Kllokot/Klokot 20.0% 70.0% 10.0% 0.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 4.3% 52.2% 26.1% 17.4% Mitrovica

Attended a public debate Refuse to Yes No Don't know answer Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna 31.3% 68.8% 0.0% 0.0% Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 20.3% 79.7% 0.0% 0.0% Leposaviq/Leposavić 44.0% 56.0% 0.0% 0.0% Klinë/Klina 18.3% 81.7% 0.0% 0.0% Dragash/Dragaš 20.8% 66.0% 13.2% 0.0% Viti/Vitina 8.2% 91.8% 0.0% 0.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 3.5% 94.7% 1.8% 0.0% Shtime/Štimlje 4.7% 86.0% 9.3% 0.0% Kacanik/Kačanik 11.5% 88.5% 0.0% 0.0% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo Polje 3.7% 96.3% 0.0% 0.0% Obiliq/Obilić 5.9% 94.1% 0.0% 0.0% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 8.7% 91.3% 0.0% 0.0% Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok 4.3% 69.6% 17.4% 8.7% Shtërpcë/Štrpce 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Zvecan/Zvečan 0.0% 95.7% 4.3% 0.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 4.3% 95.7% 0.0% 0.0% Malishevë/Mališevo 1.2% 98.8% 0.0% 0.0% Mamushë/Mamuša 10.0% 90.0% 0.0% 0.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 30.4% 47.8% 4.3% 17.4% Ranillug/Ranilug 25.0% 75.0% 0.0% 0.0% Partesh/Parteš 30.0% 60.0% 10.0% 0.0% Kllokot/Klokot 15.0% 85.0% 0.0% 0.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 4.3% 69.6% 13.0% 13.0% Mitrovica

Attended a budget hearing Refuse to Yes No Don't know answer Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna 8.0% 92.0% 0.0% 0.0% Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 12.7% 87.3% 0.0% 0.0% Leposaviq/Leposavić 8.0% 88.0% 4.0% 0.0% Klinë/Klina 8.3% 91.7% 0.0% 0.0% Dragash/Dragaš 13.2% 69.8% 15.1% 1.9% Viti/Vitina 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 0.0% 98.2% 1.8% 0.0% Shtime/Štimlje 0.0% 83.7% 11.6% 4.7% Kacanik/Kačanik 5.8% 94.2% 0.0% 0.0% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo Polje 3.7% 96.3% 0.0% 0.0%

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Obiliq/Obilić 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 13.0% 87.0% 0.0% 0.0% Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok 8.7% 69.6% 17.4% 4.3% Shtërpcë/Štrpce 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Zvecan/Zvečan 0.0% 95.7% 4.3% 0.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 4.3% 95.7% 0.0% 0.0% Malishevë/Mališevo 1.2% 98.8% 0.0% 0.0% Mamushë/Mamuša 5.0% 95.0% 0.0% 0.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 26.1% 47.8% 4.3% 21.7% Ranillug/Ranilug 10.0% 90.0% 0.0% 0.0% Partesh/Parteš 25.0% 70.0% 5.0% 0.0% Kllokot/Klokot 10.0% 80.0% 10.0% 0.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 0.0% 87.0% 8.7% 4.3% Mitrovica

Attended a participatory planning meeting at community level Refuse to Yes No Don't know answer Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna 8.9% 91.1% 0.0% 0.0% Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 7.6% 92.4% 0.0% 0.0% Leposaviq/Leposavić 12.0% 84.0% 4.0% 0.0% Klinë/Klina 5.0% 95.0% 0.0% 0.0% Dragash/Dragaš 13.2% 81.1% 5.7% 0.0% Viti/Vitina 5.5% 94.5% 0.0% 0.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 5.3% 93.0% 1.8% 0.0% Shtime/Štimlje 7.0% 81.4% 9.3% 2.3% Kacanik/Kačanik 1.9% 98.1% 0.0% 0.0% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo Polje 3.7% 96.3% 0.0% 0.0% Obiliq/Obilić 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok 4.3% 65.2% 17.4% 13.0% Shtërpcë/Štrpce 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Zvecan/Zvečan 0.0% 95.7% 4.3% 0.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 3.2% 96.8% 0.0% 0.0% Malishevë/Mališevo 1.2% 98.8% 0.0% 0.0% Mamushë/Mamuša 5.0% 95.0% 0.0% 0.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 8.7% 65.2% 4.3% 21.7% Ranillug/Ranilug 35.0% 65.0% 0.0% 0.0% Partesh/Parteš 35.0% 60.0% 5.0% 0.0% Kllokot/Klokot 20.0% 70.0% 10.0% 0.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 4.3% 52.2% 30.4% 13.0% Mitrovica

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Signed a petition Refuse to Yes No Don't know answer Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna 44.6% 55.4% 0.0% 0.0% Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 3.8% 96.2% 0.0% 0.0% Leposaviq/Leposavić 68.0% 32.0% 0.0% 0.0% Klinë/Klina 28.3% 71.7% 0.0% 0.0% Dragash/Dragaš 18.9% 75.5% 3.8% 1.9% Viti/Vitina 1.4% 98.6% 0.0% 0.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 1.8% 98.2% 0.0% 0.0% Shtime/Štimlje 0.0% 90.7% 4.7% 4.7% Kacanik/Kačanik 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo Polje 11.1% 88.9% 0.0% 0.0% Obiliq/Obilić 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok 0.0% 60.9% 26.1% 13.0% Shtërpcë/Štrpce 52.2% 47.8% 0.0% 0.0% Zvecan/Zvečan 4.3% 91.3% 4.3% 0.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 4.3% 95.7% 0.0% 0.0% Malishevë/Mališevo 2.4% 97.6% 0.0% 0.0% Mamushë/Mamuša 5.0% 95.0% 0.0% 0.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 4.3% 69.6% 4.3% 21.7% Ranillug/Ranilug 5.0% 95.0% 0.0% 0.0% Partesh/Parteš 40.0% 50.0% 10.0% 0.0% Kllokot/Klokot 10.0% 90.0% 0.0% 0.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 4.3% 65.2% 13.0% 17.4% Mitrovica

Participated in process of identifying priorities Refuse to Yes No Don't know answer Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna 8.0% 92.0% 0.0% 0.0% Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 3.8% 96.2% 0.0% 0.0% Leposaviq/Leposavić 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Klinë/Klina 3.3% 95.0% 1.7% 0.0% Dragash/Dragaš 11.3% 79.2% 9.4% 0.0% Viti/Vitina 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Shtime/Štimlje 4.7% 88.4% 4.7% 2.3% Kacanik/Kačanik 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo Polje 5.6% 94.4% 0.0% 0.0% Obiliq/Obilić 2.9% 97.1% 0.0% 0.0% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 8.7% 91.3% 0.0% 0.0% Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok 4.3% 52.2% 21.7% 21.7% Shtërpcë/Štrpce 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Zvecan/Zvečan 0.0% 95.7% 4.3% 0.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 2.2% 96.8% 0.0% 1.1% Malishevë/Mališevo 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0%

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Mamushë/Mamuša 5.0% 95.0% 0.0% 0.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 4.3% 73.9% 4.3% 17.4% Ranillug/Ranilug 30.0% 70.0% 0.0% 0.0% Partesh/Parteš 10.0% 85.0% 5.0% 0.0% Kllokot/Klokot 10.0% 80.0% 10.0% 0.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 4.3% 52.2% 21.7% 21.7% Mitrovica

Participated in public meeting related to a capital investment project design Refuse to Yes No Don't know answer Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna 7.1% 92.0% 0.9% 0.0% Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 3.8% 96.2% 0.0% 0.0% Leposaviq/Leposavić 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Klinë/Klina 1.7% 95.0% 3.3% 0.0% Dragash/Dragaš 13.2% 75.5% 11.3% 0.0% Viti/Vitina 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Shtime/Štimlje 4.7% 81.4% 11.6% 2.3% Kacanik/Kačanik 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo Polje 5.6% 94.4% 0.0% 0.0% Obiliq/Obilić 2.9% 97.1% 0.0% 0.0% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 4.3% 95.7% 0.0% 0.0% Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok 13.0% 43.5% 26.1% 17.4% Shtërpcë/Štrpce 4.3% 95.7% 0.0% 0.0% Zvecan/Zvečan 0.0% 95.7% 4.3% 0.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 3.2% 95.7% 1.1% 0.0% Malishevë/Mališevo 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Mamushë/Mamuša 10.0% 90.0% 0.0% 0.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 4.3% 73.9% 4.3% 17.4% Ranillug/Ranilug 5.0% 95.0% 0.0% 0.0% Partesh/Parteš 20.0% 80.0% 0.0% 0.0% Kllokot/Klokot 15.0% 85.0% 0.0% 0.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 4.3% 56.5% 13.0% 26.1% Mitrovica

Been involved in monitoring the implementation of capital investments

Yes No Don't know Refuse to answer Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna 6.3% 93.8% 0.0% 0.0% Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 1.3% 98.7% 0.0% 0.0% Leposaviq/Leposavić 4.0% 96.0% 0.0% 0.0% Klinë/Klina 3.3% 93.3% 1.7% 1.7% Dragash/Dragaš 0.0% 84.9% 13.2% 1.9% Viti/Vitina 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Shtime/Štimlje 2.3% 88.4% 4.7% 4.7% Kacanik/Kačanik 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0%

138

Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo Polje 1.9% 98.1% 0.0% 0.0% Obiliq/Obilić 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok 8.7% 52.2% 21.7% 17.4% Shtërpcë/Štrpce 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Zvecan/Zvečan 0.0% 95.7% 4.3% 0.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 2.2% 96.8% 1.1% 0.0% Malishevë/Mališevo 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Mamushë/Mamuša 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 4.3% 69.6% 4.3% 21.7% Ranillug/Ranilug 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Partesh/Parteš 15.0% 80.0% 5.0% 0.0% Kllokot/Klokot 5.0% 90.0% 5.0% 0.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 0.0% 60.9% 13.0% 26.1% Mitrovica

13. Please tell me, what is your opinion on the following matters regarding the usage of public funds and the civil service staff in general in your local government? Are there clear procedures and accountability governing the allocation and use of public funds? Refuse to Yes No Don't know answer Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna 38.4% 58.0% 3.6% 0.0% Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 94.9% 3.8% 1.3% 0.0% Leposaviq/Leposavić 56.0% 12.0% 28.0% 4.0% Klinë/Klina 35.0% 60.0% 5.0% 0.0% Dragash/Dragaš 32.1% 47.2% 20.8% 0.0% Viti/Vitina 83.6% 11.0% 5.5% 0.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 82.5% 14.0% 3.5% 0.0% Shtime/Štimlje 60.5% 20.9% 16.3% 2.3% Kacanik/Kačanik 51.9% 44.2% 3.8% 0.0% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo Polje 25.9% 72.2% 1.9% 0.0% Obiliq/Obilić 73.5% 14.7% 11.8% 0.0% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 8.7% 87.0% 4.3% 0.0% Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok 8.7% 43.5% 34.8% 13.0% Shtërpcë/Štrpce 30.4% 43.5% 21.7% 4.3% Zvecan/Zvečan 13.0% 82.6% 4.3% 0.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 58.1% 26.9% 15.1% 0.0% Malishevë/Mališevo 78.8% 20.0% 1.2% 0.0% Mamushë/Mamuša 40.0% 45.0% 15.0% 0.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 13.0% 43.5% 17.4% 26.1% Ranillug/Ranilug 40.0% 30.0% 30.0% 0.0% Partesh/Parteš 35.0% 55.0% 10.0% 0.0% Kllokot/Klokot 25.0% 75.0% 0.0% 0.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 4.3% 47.8% 34.8% 13.0% Mitrovica

139

Are public funds misappropriated by directors/public officials? Refuse to Yes No Don't know answer Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna 79.5% 15.2% 5.4% 0.0% Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 24.1% 73.4% 2.5% 0.0% Leposaviq/Leposavić 40.0% 36.0% 20.0% 4.0% Klinë/Klina 66.7% 30.0% 3.3% 0.0% Dragash/Dragaš 41.5% 49.1% 9.4% 0.0% Viti/Vitina 16.4% 75.3% 8.2% 0.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 43.9% 50.9% 5.3% 0.0% Shtime/Štimlje 65.1% 18.6% 16.3% 0.0% Kacanik/Kačanik 34.6% 61.5% 3.8% 0.0% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo Polje 63.0% 31.5% 5.6% 0.0% Obiliq/Obilić 67.6% 17.6% 14.7% 0.0% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 52.2% 43.5% 4.3% 0.0% Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok 13.0% 47.8% 30.4% 8.7% Shtërpcë/Štrpce 60.9% 13.0% 26.1% 0.0% Zvecan/Zvečan 95.7% 0.0% 4.3% 0.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 48.4% 29.0% 22.6% 0.0% Malishevë/Mališevo 64.7% 32.9% 2.4% 0.0% Mamushë/Mamuša 20.0% 60.0% 20.0% 0.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 21.7% 30.4% 21.7% 26.1% Ranillug/Ranilug 10.0% 55.0% 35.0% 0.0% Partesh/Parteš 15.0% 70.0% 15.0% 0.0% Kllokot/Klokot 55.0% 40.0% 5.0% 0.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 39.1% 34.8% 13.0% 13.0% Mitrovica

Is there a tradition of a payment of bribes to gain favors? Refuse to Yes No Don't know answer Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna 82.1% 16.1% 1.8% 0.0% Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 15.2% 82.3% 2.5% 0.0% Leposaviq/Leposavić 36.0% 24.0% 36.0% 4.0% Klinë/Klina 73.3% 26.7% 0.0% 0.0% Dragash/Dragaš 26.4% 45.3% 26.4% 1.9% Viti/Vitina 20.5% 72.6% 5.5% 1.4% Kamenicë/Kamenica 31.6% 63.2% 5.3% 0.0% Shtime/Štimlje 58.1% 16.3% 18.6% 7.0% Kacanik/Kačanik 28.8% 67.3% 3.8% 0.0% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo Polje 48.1% 48.1% 3.7% 0.0% Obiliq/Obilić 73.5% 17.6% 8.8% 0.0% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 17.4% 78.3% 4.3% 0.0% Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok 17.4% 39.1% 34.8% 8.7% Shtërpcë/Štrpce 56.5% 13.0% 30.4% 0.0% Zvecan/Zvečan 91.3% 4.3% 4.3% 0.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 37.6% 46.2% 16.1% 0.0% Malishevë/Mališevo 60.0% 35.3% 4.7% 0.0%

140

Mamushë/Mamuša 20.0% 65.0% 15.0% 0.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 26.1% 21.7% 21.7% 30.4% Ranillug/Ranilug 10.0% 55.0% 35.0% 0.0% Partesh/Parteš 20.0% 70.0% 10.0% 0.0% Kllokot/Klokot 55.0% 35.0% 10.0% 0.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 39.1% 21.7% 26.1% 13.0% Mitrovica

14. Do you think citizens should or should not have access to… To municipal contracts, including the amount and who got the contracts Definitely Definitely Probably Probably Don't Refuse to should should should should not know answer not Mitrovicë e 88.4% 9.8% 0.9% 0.9% 0.0% 0.0% Jugut/Južna Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 97.5% 2.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Leposaviq/Leposavić 80.0% 20.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Klinë/Klina 53.3% 43.3% 3.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Dragash/Dragaš 54.7% 18.9% 26.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Viti/Vitina 26.0% 41.1% 27.4% 5.5% 0.0% 0.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 24.6% 26.3% 38.6% 10.5% 0.0% 0.0% Shtime/Štimlje 72.1% 20.9% 4.7% 0.0% 2.3% 0.0% Kacanik/Kačanik 34.6% 63.5% 0.0% 1.9% 0.0% 0.0% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 50.0% 33.3% 13.0% 3.7% 0.0% 0.0% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 85.3% 8.8% 2.9% 2.9% 0.0% 0.0% Novobërdë/Novo 8.7% 56.5% 34.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Brdo Zubin Potok/Zubin 0.0% 4.3% 56.5% 39.1% 0.0% 0.0% Potok Shtërpcë/Štrpce 69.6% 21.7% 4.3% 0.0% 4.3% 0.0% Zvecan/Zvečan 21.7% 73.9% 0.0% 0.0% 4.3% 0.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 55.9% 38.7% 3.2% 2.2% 0.0% 0.0% Malishevë/Mališevo 67.1% 31.8% 1.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Mamushë/Mamuša 35.0% 60.0% 5.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 21.7% 43.5% 4.3% 4.3% 17.4% 8.7% Ranillug/Ranilug 30.0% 70.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Partesh/Parteš 35.0% 40.0% 25.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Kllokot/Klokot 55.0% 40.0% 5.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 13.0% 21.7% 34.8% 30.4% 0.0% 0.0% Mitrovica

Municipal budgets, financial statements and budget expenditures

Definitely Probably Probably Definitely Don't Refuse to should should should not should know answer not Mitrovicë e 80.4% 16.1% 1.8% 1.8% 0.0% 0.0% Jugut/Južna Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 98.7% 1.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Leposaviq/Leposavić 80.0% 20.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Klinë/Klina 56.7% 31.7% 10.0% 0.0% 1.7% 0.0% Dragash/Dragaš 52.8% 41.5% 5.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

141

Viti/Vitina 26.0% 28.8% 32.9% 12.3% 0.0% 0.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 36.8% 35.1% 26.3% 1.8% 0.0% 0.0% Shtime/Štimlje 72.1% 14.0% 11.6% 2.3% 0.0% 0.0% Kacanik/Kačanik 38.5% 59.6% 1.9% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 59.3% 31.5% 3.7% 5.6% 0.0% 0.0% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 82.4% 14.7% 0.0% 2.9% 0.0% 0.0% Novobërdë/Novo 26.1% 39.1% 34.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Brdo Zubin Potok/Zubin 0.0% 47.8% 34.8% 17.4% 0.0% 0.0% Potok Shtërpcë/Štrpce 65.2% 21.7% 4.3% 0.0% 8.7% 0.0% Zvecan/Zvečan 17.4% 78.3% 0.0% 0.0% 4.3% 0.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 59.1% 36.6% 3.2% 1.1% 0.0% 0.0% Malishevë/Mališevo 63.5% 28.2% 8.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Mamushë/Mamuša 35.0% 60.0% 5.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 21.7% 47.8% 0.0% 4.3% 17.4% 8.7% Ranillug/Ranilug 30.0% 70.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Partesh/Parteš 30.0% 45.0% 25.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Kllokot/Klokot 75.0% 25.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 21.7% 39.1% 30.4% 8.7% 0.0% 0.0% Mitrovica

Transcripts of public meetings: mayors and assembly Definitely Definitely Probably Probably Don't Refuse to should should should should not know answer not Mitrovicë e 75.0% 14.3% 3.6% 7.1% 0.0% 0.0% Jugut/Južna Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 89.9% 3.8% 5.1% 1.3% 0.0% 0.0% Leposaviq/Leposavić 80.0% 20.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Klinë/Klina 55.0% 33.3% 10.0% 1.7% 0.0% 0.0% Dragash/Dragaš 49.1% 22.6% 26.4% 1.9% 0.0% 0.0% Viti/Vitina 37.0% 49.3% 13.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 49.1% 26.3% 17.5% 1.8% 5.3% 0.0% Shtime/Štimlje 69.8% 14.0% 11.6% 2.3% 2.3% 0.0% Kacanik/Kačanik 38.5% 59.6% 1.9% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 57.4% 25.9% 14.8% 1.9% 0.0% 0.0% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 82.4% 14.7% 0.0% 2.9% 0.0% 0.0% Novobërdë/Novo 21.7% 43.5% 34.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Brdo Zubin Potok/Zubin 4.3% 0.0% 82.6% 13.0% 0.0% 0.0% Potok Shtërpcë/Štrpce 65.2% 21.7% 4.3% 0.0% 8.7% 0.0% Zvecan/Zvečan 21.7% 73.9% 0.0% 0.0% 4.3% 0.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 51.6% 45.2% 3.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Malishevë/Mališevo 58.8% 37.6% 2.4% 1.2% 0.0% 0.0% Mamushë/Mamuša 40.0% 55.0% 5.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 21.7% 47.8% 0.0% 4.3% 17.4% 8.7% Ranillug/Ranilug 30.0% 70.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Partesh/Parteš 35.0% 45.0% 20.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Kllokot/Klokot 60.0% 35.0% 5.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

142

Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 8.7% 34.8% 39.1% 17.4% 0.0% 0.0% Mitrovica

15. Do you feel that the public authorities in your municipality withhold important information that concerns the general public (taxpayers) relating to public expenditures, i.e. Allocation of public funds (grants and appropriations, work contracts for public projects, etc.)? Don't Refuse to Often Sometimes Seldom Never know answer Mitrovicë e 58.9% 31.3% 5.4% 2.7% 1.8% Jugut/Južna Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 3.8% 27.8% 24.1% 41.8% 2.5% Leposaviq/Leposavić 4.0% 40.0% 8.0% 24.0% 24.0% Klinë/Klina 20.0% 48.3% 18.3% 8.3% 5.0% Dragash/Dragaš 32.1% 11.3% 28.3% 22.6% 3.8% 1.9% Viti/Vitina 17.8% 32.9% 42.5% 6.8% Kamenicë/Kamenica 17.5% 38.6% 35.1% 1.8% 7.0% Shtime/Štimlje 32.6% 41.9% 18.6% 2.3% 4.7% Kacanik/Kačanik 11.5% 25.0% 53.8% 3.8% 5.8% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 7.4% 37.0% 40.7% 14.8% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 50.0% 35.3% 5.9% 2.9% 5.9% Novobërdë/Novo 17.4% 34.8% 30.4% 17.4% Brdo Zubin Potok/Zubin 4.3% 26.1% 26.1% 26.1% 8.7% 8.7% Potok Shtërpcë/Štrpce 39.1% 26.1% 4.3% 4.3% 26.1% Zvecan/Zvečan 60.9% 30.4% 8.7% Gliogoc/Glogovac 9.7% 35.5% 29.0% 16.1% 9.7% Malishevë/Mališevo 12.9% 47.1% 37.6% 2.4% Mamushë/Mamuša 5.0% 80.0% 10.0% 5.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 17.4% 17.4% 17.4% 13.0% 17.4% 17.4% Ranillug/Ranilug 20.0% 75.0% 5.0% Partesh/Parteš 60.0% 40.0% Kllokot/Klokot 10.0% 45.0% 30.0% 5.0% 10.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 8.7% 21.7% 34.8% 26.1% 8.7% Mitrovica

16. In your dealings with the public sector within your municipality, how important are personal contacts and/or relationships to get things done? Not Slightly Important Very Don't Refuse to important important important know answer at all Mitrovicë e 4.5% 38.4% 56.3% 0.9% Jugut/Južna Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 38.0% 36.7% 16.5% 8.9% Leposaviq/Leposavić 24.0% 28.0% 36.0% 8.0% 4.0% Klinë/Klina 6.7% 11.7% 53.3% 28.3% Dragash/Dragaš 18.9% 30.2% 28.3% 22.6% Viti/Vitina 13.7% 27.4% 38.4% 20.5% Kamenicë/Kamenica 28.1% 35.1% 15.8% 21.1% Shtime/Štimlje 9.3% 30.2% 32.6% 14.0% 7.0% 7.0%

143

Kacanik/Kačanik 59.6% 28.8% 11.5% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 27.8% 51.9% 16.7% 3.7% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 8.8% 23.5% 35.3% 29.4% 2.9% Novobërdë/Novo 52.2% 34.8% 13.0% Brdo Zubin Potok/Zubin 39.1% 47.8% 8.7% 4.3% Potok Shtërpcë/Štrpce 4.3% 43.5% 52.2% Zvecan/Zvečan 4.3% 8.7% 26.1% 60.9% Gliogoc/Glogovac 12.9% 30.1% 32.3% 23.7% 1.1% Malishevë/Mališevo 4.7% 20.0% 44.7% 30.6% Mamushë/Mamuša 20.0% 65.0% 15.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 4.3% 8.7% 39.1% 13.0% 8.7% 26.1% Ranillug/Ranilug 5.0% 55.0% 40.0% Partesh/Parteš 80.0% 10.0% 10.0% Kllokot/Klokot 30.0% 50.0% 20.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 4.3% 21.7% 17.4% 34.8% 13.0% 8.7% Mitrovica

17. There are different opinions about corruption in your municipality. In your opinion, if corruption exists, to what extent is it prevalent in the following institutions? Courts Present Not Present on Present on on a Don't Refuse to present at a small a medium large know answer all scale scale scale Mitrovicë e 0.0% 11.6% 59.8% 25.9% 2.7% 0.0% Jugut/Južna Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 24.1% 50.6% 17.7% 6.3% 0.0% 1.3% Leposaviq/Leposavić 20.0% 56.0% 12.0% 8.0% 4.0% 0.0% Klinë/Klina 8.3% 5.0% 38.3% 40.0% 8.3% 0.0% Dragash/Dragaš 3.8% 26.4% 49.1% 20.8% 0.0% 0.0% Viti/Vitina 4.1% 31.5% 45.2% 19.2% 0.0% 0.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 1.8% 43.9% 42.1% 12.3% 0.0% 0.0% Shtime/Štimlje 2.3% 14.0% 58.1% 23.3% 0.0% 2.3% Kacanik/Kačanik 19.2% 44.2% 28.8% 7.7% 0.0% 0.0% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 0.0% 42.6% 38.9% 16.7% 0.0% 1.9% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 0.0% 26.5% 64.7% 8.8% 0.0% 0.0% Novobërdë/Novo 4.3% 43.5% 47.8% 4.3% 0.0% 0.0% Brdo Zubin Potok/Zubin 8.7% 47.8% 30.4% 13.0% 0.0% 0.0% Potok Shtërpcë/Štrpce 0.0% 39.1% 39.1% 8.7% 13.0% 0.0% Zvecan/Zvečan 0.0% 8.7% 56.5% 34.8% 0.0% 0.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 7.5% 30.1% 47.3% 15.1% 0.0% 0.0% Malishevë/Mališevo 8.2% 12.9% 63.5% 15.3% 0.0% 0.0% Mamushë/Mamuša 50.0% 35.0% 15.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 0.0% 4.3% 17.4% 34.8% 30.4% 13.0% Ranillug/Ranilug 0.0% 85.0% 15.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Partesh/Parteš 5.0% 15.0% 75.0% 5.0% 0.0% 0.0% Kllokot/Klokot 5.0% 45.0% 25.0% 20.0% 5.0% 0.0%

144

Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 0.0% 13.0% 26.1% 47.8% 13.0% 0.0% Mitrovica

Public universities Present Not Present on Present on on a Don't Refuse to present at a small a medium large know answer all scale scale scale Mitrovicë e 0.9% 26.8% 52.7% 17.9% 1.8% 0.0% Jugut/Južna Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 25.3% 53.2% 15.2% 3.8% 1.3% 1.3% Leposaviq/Leposavić 24.0% 36.0% 20.0% 8.0% 12.0% 0.0% Klinë/Klina 6.7% 16.7% 48.3% 25.0% 3.3% 0.0% Dragash/Dragaš 15.1% 26.4% 45.3% 13.2% 0.0% 0.0% Viti/Vitina 15.1% 31.5% 32.9% 19.2% 1.4% 0.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 43.9% 22.8% 26.3% 7.0% 0.0% 0.0% Shtime/Štimlje 0.0% 23.3% 58.1% 14.0% 2.3% 2.3% Kacanik/Kačanik 21.2% 46.2% 30.8% 0.0% 1.9% 0.0% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 5.6% 25.9% 57.4% 9.3% 0.0% 1.9% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 2.9% 41.2% 47.1% 5.9% 2.9% 0.0% Novobërdë/Novo 21.7% 21.7% 47.8% 8.7% 0.0% 0.0% Brdo Zubin Potok/Zubin 4.3% 4.3% 26.1% 52.2% 13.0% 0.0% Potok Shtërpcë/Štrpce 8.7% 30.4% 47.8% 4.3% 8.7% 0.0% Zvecan/Zvečan 0.0% 13.0% 52.2% 34.8% 0.0% 0.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 11.8% 35.5% 41.9% 10.8% 0.0% 0.0% Malishevë/Mališevo 7.1% 52.9% 36.5% 3.5% 0.0% 0.0% Mamushë/Mamuša 60.0% 25.0% 15.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 0.0% 8.7% 13.0% 39.1% 26.1% 13.0% Ranillug/Ranilug 0.0% 25.0% 75.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Partesh/Parteš 0.0% 20.0% 75.0% 0.0% 5.0% 0.0% Kllokot/Klokot 20.0% 40.0% 25.0% 10.0% 5.0% 0.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 8.7% 8.7% 13.0% 65.2% 4.3% 0.0% Mitrovica

Municipal Government (Local) Present Not Present on Present on on a Don't Refuse to present at a small a medium large know answer all scale scale scale Mitrovicë e 0.0% 23.2% 44.6% 31.3% 0.9% 0.0% Jugut/Južna Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 57.0% 24.1% 11.4% 3.8% 2.5% 1.3% Leposaviq/Leposavić 24.0% 52.0% 16.0% 8.0% 0.0% 0.0% Klinë/Klina 10.0% 21.7% 26.7% 41.7% 0.0% 0.0% Dragash/Dragaš 20.8% 39.6% 24.5% 15.1% 0.0% 0.0% Viti/Vitina 34.2% 42.5% 20.5% 0.0% 2.7% 0.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 8.8% 63.2% 26.3% 1.8% 0.0% 0.0% Shtime/Štimlje 7.0% 48.8% 30.2% 7.0% 4.7% 2.3%

145

Kacanik/Kačanik 21.2% 50.0% 21.2% 7.7% 0.0% 0.0% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 11.1% 42.6% 27.8% 16.7% 0.0% 1.9% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 11.8% 47.1% 23.5% 8.8% 8.8% 0.0% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 0.0% 34.8% 60.9% 4.3% 0.0% 0.0% Zubin Potok/Zubin 0.0% 13.0% 52.2% 30.4% 4.3% 0.0% Potok Shtërpcë/Štrpce 0.0% 13.0% 43.5% 30.4% 13.0% 0.0% Zvecan/Zvečan 0.0% 8.7% 43.5% 47.8% 0.0% 0.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 16.1% 41.9% 28.0% 14.0% 0.0% 0.0% Malishevë/Mališevo 9.4% 32.9% 48.2% 9.4% 0.0% 0.0% Mamushë/Mamuša 60.0% 40.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 0.0% 4.3% 21.7% 39.1% 21.7% 13.0% Ranillug/Ranilug 0.0% 65.0% 35.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Partesh/Parteš 5.0% 25.0% 55.0% 15.0% 0.0% 0.0% Kllokot/Klokot 35.0% 20.0% 25.0% 20.0% 0.0% 0.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 4.3% 8.7% 56.5% 21.7% 8.7% 0.0% Mitrovica

Central Government Administration (Ministries) Present Not Present on Present on on a Don't Refuse to present at a small a medium large know answer all scale scale scale Mitrovicë e 0.0% 21.4% 53.6% 23.2% 1.8% 0.0% Jugut/Južna Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 38.0% 36.7% 19.0% 5.1% 0.0% 1.3% Leposaviq/Leposavić 16.0% 32.0% 36.0% 8.0% 8.0% 0.0% Klinë/Klina 3.3% 10.0% 40.0% 46.7% 0.0% 0.0% Dragash/Dragaš 3.8% 34.0% 39.6% 22.6% 0.0% 0.0% Viti/Vitina 4.1% 8.2% 28.8% 52.1% 6.8% 0.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 12.3% 26.3% 56.1% 5.3% 0.0% 0.0% Shtime/Štimlje 0.0% 23.3% 53.5% 18.6% 2.3% 2.3% Kacanik/Kačanik 19.2% 44.2% 19.2% 17.3% 0.0% 0.0% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 11.1% 27.8% 42.6% 16.7% 0.0% 1.9% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 2.9% 47.1% 38.2% 8.8% 2.9% 0.0% Novobërdë/Novo 0.0% 21.7% 65.2% 13.0% 0.0% 0.0% Brdo Zubin Potok/Zubin 13.0% 39.1% 26.1% 17.4% 4.3% 0.0% Potok Shtërpcë/Štrpce 0.0% 21.7% 34.8% 30.4% 13.0% 0.0% Zvecan/Zvečan 0.0% 8.7% 43.5% 47.8% 0.0% 0.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 9.7% 40.9% 31.2% 17.2% 1.1% 0.0% Malishevë/Mališevo 5.9% 29.4% 54.1% 10.6% 0.0% 0.0% Mamushë/Mamuša 30.0% 30.0% 35.0% 0.0% 5.0% 0.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 0.0% 0.0% 17.4% 43.5% 17.4% 21.7% Ranillug/Ranilug 0.0% 75.0% 20.0% 5.0% 0.0% 0.0% Partesh/Parteš 5.0% 20.0% 70.0% 5.0% 0.0% 0.0% Kllokot/Klokot 25.0% 30.0% 35.0% 10.0% 0.0% 0.0%

146

Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 4.3% 13.0% 30.4% 43.5% 8.7% 0.0% Mitrovica

Kosovo Police Present Not Present on Present on on a Don't Refuse to present at a small a medium large know answer all scale scale scale Mitrovicë e 7.1% 51.8% 21.4% 17.0% 2.7% 0.0% Jugut/Južna Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 68.4% 24.1% 3.8% 2.5% 0.0% 1.3% Leposaviq/Leposavić 12.0% 40.0% 40.0% 8.0% 0.0% 0.0% Klinë/Klina 33.3% 25.0% 21.7% 20.0% 0.0% 0.0% Dragash/Dragaš 22.6% 32.1% 24.5% 20.8% 0.0% 0.0% Viti/Vitina 15.1% 35.6% 37.0% 12.3% 0.0% 0.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 36.8% 40.4% 17.5% 5.3% 0.0% 0.0% Shtime/Štimlje 2.3% 51.2% 30.2% 9.3% 4.7% 2.3% Kacanik/Kačanik 21.2% 48.1% 28.8% 1.9% 0.0% 0.0% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 11.1% 35.2% 35.2% 16.7% 0.0% 1.9% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 5.9% 64.7% 20.6% 2.9% 5.9% 0.0% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 4.3% 30.4% 47.8% 17.4% 0.0% 0.0% Zubin Potok/Zubin 13.0% 39.1% 21.7% 21.7% 4.3% 0.0% Potok Shtërpcë/Štrpce 13.0% 21.7% 39.1% 13.0% 13.0% 0.0% Zvecan/Zvečan 0.0% 8.7% 39.1% 52.2% 0.0% 0.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 25.8% 46.2% 15.1% 12.9% 0.0% 0.0% Malishevë/Mališevo 12.9% 56.5% 24.7% 5.9% 0.0% 0.0% Mamushë/Mamuša 55.0% 30.0% 10.0% 0.0% 5.0% 0.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 4.3% 13.0% 17.4% 26.1% 30.4% 8.7% Ranillug/Ranilug 0.0% 35.0% 65.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Partesh/Parteš 10.0% 30.0% 60.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Kllokot/Klokot 45.0% 35.0% 10.0% 10.0% 0.0% 0.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 8.7% 17.4% 17.4% 39.1% 13.0% 4.3% Mitrovica

Hospitals Present Not Present on Present on on a Don't Refuse to present at a small a medium large know answer all scale scale scale Mitrovicë e 7.1% 46.4% 32.1% 10.7% 3.6% 0.0% Jugut/Južna Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 63.3% 25.3% 8.9% 1.3% 0.0% 1.3% Leposaviq/Leposavić 24.0% 52.0% 16.0% 0.0% 8.0% 0.0% Klinë/Klina 11.7% 13.3% 16.7% 58.3% 0.0% 0.0% Dragash/Dragaš 18.9% 20.8% 32.1% 28.3% 0.0% 0.0% Viti/Vitina 32.9% 42.5% 17.8% 6.8% 0.0% 0.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 38.6% 42.1% 15.8% 3.5% 0.0% 0.0% Shtime/Štimlje 0.0% 9.3% 53.5% 30.2% 4.7% 2.3%

147

Kacanik/Kačanik 21.2% 53.8% 23.1% 1.9% 0.0% 0.0% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 11.1% 27.8% 44.4% 14.8% 0.0% 1.9% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 0.0% 26.5% 61.8% 11.8% 0.0% 0.0% Novobërdë/Novo 8.7% 13.0% 78.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Brdo Zubin Potok/Zubin 17.4% 43.5% 17.4% 13.0% 8.7% 0.0% Potok Shtërpcë/Štrpce 13.0% 17.4% 43.5% 13.0% 13.0% 0.0% Zvecan/Zvečan 0.0% 13.0% 52.2% 34.8% 0.0% 0.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 28.0% 38.7% 21.5% 11.8% 0.0% 0.0% Malishevë/Mališevo 8.2% 57.6% 30.6% 3.5% 0.0% 0.0% Mamushë/Mamuša 40.0% 40.0% 20.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 4.3% 8.7% 13.0% 34.8% 26.1% 13.0% Ranillug/Ranilug 0.0% 65.0% 35.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Partesh/Parteš 0.0% 25.0% 70.0% 5.0% 0.0% 0.0% Kllokot/Klokot 20.0% 40.0% 30.0% 10.0% 0.0% 0.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 13.0% 34.8% 8.7% 26.1% 13.0% 4.3% Mitrovica

18. There are different opinions regarding corruption in your municipality. In your opinion, if corruption exists, to what extend it is prevalent in the following sectors? Mayor's Office Present Not Present on Present on on a Don't Refuse to present at a small a medium large know answer all scale scale scale Mitrovicë e 1.8% 16.1% 48.2% 31.3% 2.7% 0.0% Jugut/Južna Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 75.9% 17.7% 3.8% 0.0% 1.3% 1.3% Leposaviq/Leposavić 40.0% 24.0% 16.0% 12.0% 8.0% 0.0% Klinë/Klina 25.0% 5.0% 13.3% 48.3% 8.3% 0.0% Dragash/Dragaš 24.5% 24.5% 39.6% 11.3% 0.0% 0.0% Viti/Vitina 39.7% 52.1% 6.8% 1.4% 0.0% 0.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 15.8% 66.7% 17.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Shtime/Štimlje 14.0% 44.2% 18.6% 9.3% 9.3% 4.7% Kacanik/Kačanik 73.1% 9.6% 15.4% 1.9% 0.0% 0.0% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 13.0% 35.2% 35.2% 13.0% 3.7% 0.0% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 17.6% 38.2% 32.4% 2.9% 8.8% 0.0% Novobërdë/Novo 8.7% 30.4% 56.5% 4.3% 0.0% 0.0% Brdo Zubin Potok/Zubin 8.7% 30.4% 21.7% 21.7% 8.7% 8.7% Potok Shtërpcë/Štrpce 8.7% 21.7% 26.1% 30.4% 13.0% 0.0% Zvecan/Zvečan 0.0% 8.7% 13.0% 78.3% 0.0% 0.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 21.5% 32.3% 37.6% 8.6% 0.0% 0.0% Malishevë/Mališevo 14.1% 36.5% 42.4% 7.1% 0.0% 0.0% Mamushë/Mamuša 65.0% 30.0% 5.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 13.0% 8.7% 17.4% 26.1% 30.4% 4.3% Ranillug/Ranilug 0.0% 45.0% 45.0% 5.0% 5.0% 0.0% Partesh/Parteš 20.0% 30.0% 45.0% 0.0% 5.0% 0.0% Kllokot/Klokot 20.0% 50.0% 15.0% 10.0% 5.0% 0.0%

148

Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 17.4% 4.3% 13.0% 56.5% 8.7% 0.0% Mitrovica

Implementation of capital investment projects (procurement activities) Present Not Present on Present on on a Don't Refuse to present at a small a medium large know answer all scale scale scale Mitrovicë e 0.9% 18.8% 50.9% 28.6% 0.9% 0.0% Jugut/Južna Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 45.6% 30.4% 12.7% 6.3% 3.8% 1.3% Leposaviq/Leposavić 20.0% 28.0% 28.0% 16.0% 8.0% 0.0% Klinë/Klina 16.7% 18.3% 41.7% 21.7% 1.7% 0.0% Dragash/Dragaš 11.3% 37.7% 37.7% 13.2% 0.0% 0.0% Viti/Vitina 8.2% 23.3% 50.7% 12.3% 5.5% 0.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 5.3% 38.6% 42.1% 10.5% 3.5% 0.0% Shtime/Štimlje 7.0% 48.8% 14.0% 16.3% 11.6% 2.3% Kacanik/Kačanik 30.8% 50.0% 19.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 25.9% 31.5% 33.3% 9.3% 0.0% 0.0% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 5.9% 47.1% 32.4% 5.9% 8.8% 0.0% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 0.0% 30.4% 52.2% 17.4% 0.0% 0.0% Zubin Potok/Zubin 0.0% 13.0% 52.2% 21.7% 8.7% 4.3% Potok Shtërpcë/Štrpce 4.3% 17.4% 34.8% 39.1% 4.3% 0.0% Zvecan/Zvečan 0.0% 8.7% 39.1% 52.2% 0.0% 0.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 15.1% 32.3% 33.3% 19.4% 0.0% 0.0% Malishevë/Mališevo 8.2% 49.4% 37.6% 4.7% 0.0% 0.0% Mamushë/Mamuša 65.0% 25.0% 10.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 8.7% 4.3% 34.8% 13.0% 26.1% 13.0% Ranillug/Ranilug 0.0% 40.0% 45.0% 10.0% 5.0% 0.0% Partesh/Parteš 5.0% 45.0% 45.0% 5.0% 0.0% 0.0% Kllokot/Klokot 35.0% 30.0% 20.0% 10.0% 5.0% 0.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 0.0% 30.4% 34.8% 34.8% 0.0% 0.0% Mitrovica

Public services

Present Not Present on Present on on a Don't Refuse to present at a small a medium large know answer all scale scale scale Mitrovicë e 2.7% 38.4% 47.3% 9.8% 1.8% 0.0% Jugut/Južna Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 82.3% 8.9% 6.3% 0.0% 1.3% 1.3% Leposaviq/Leposavić 32.0% 32.0% 20.0% 12.0% 4.0% 0.0% Klinë/Klina 23.3% 8.3% 21.7% 45.0% 1.7% 0.0% Dragash/Dragaš 15.1% 37.7% 34.0% 13.2% 0.0% 0.0% Viti/Vitina 54.8% 35.6% 9.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 45.6% 49.1% 5.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Shtime/Štimlje 4.7% 51.2% 18.6% 9.3% 11.6% 4.7% Kacanik/Kačanik 32.7% 51.9% 15.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

149

Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 14.8% 35.2% 48.1% 1.9% 0.0% 0.0% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 8.8% 47.1% 38.2% 2.9% 2.9% 0.0% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 0.0% 47.8% 52.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Zubin Potok/Zubin 8.7% 13.0% 47.8% 17.4% 8.7% 4.3% Potok Shtërpcë/Štrpce 4.3% 34.8% 34.8% 21.7% 4.3% 0.0% Zvecan/Zvečan 0.0% 13.0% 43.5% 43.5% 0.0% 0.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 20.4% 34.4% 34.4% 10.8% 0.0% 0.0% Malishevë/Mališevo 10.6% 31.8% 55.3% 2.4% 0.0% 0.0% Mamushë/Mamuša 65.0% 30.0% 5.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 8.7% 8.7% 17.4% 26.1% 30.4% 8.7% Ranillug/Ranilug 0.0% 45.0% 40.0% 10.0% 5.0% 0.0% Partesh/Parteš 10.0% 25.0% 65.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Kllokot/Klokot 15.0% 60.0% 15.0% 10.0% 0.0% 0.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 4.3% 30.4% 43.5% 21.7% 0.0% 0.0% Mitrovica

Education Present Not Present on Present on on a Don't Refuse to present at a small a medium large know answer all scale scale scale Mitrovicë e 5.4% 42.9% 38.4% 11.6% 1.8% 0.0% Jugut/Južna Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 72.2% 24.1% 0.0% 1.3% 1.3% 1.3% Leposaviq/Leposavić 48.0% 40.0% 8.0% 0.0% 4.0% 0.0% Klinë/Klina 23.3% 20.0% 25.0% 26.7% 5.0% 0.0% Dragash/Dragaš 22.6% 35.8% 24.5% 17.0% 0.0% 0.0% Viti/Vitina 15.1% 38.4% 31.5% 15.1% 0.0% 0.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 24.6% 42.1% 33.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Shtime/Štimlje 2.3% 46.5% 25.6% 14.0% 4.7% 7.0% Kacanik/Kačanik 38.5% 50.0% 11.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 7.4% 44.4% 44.4% 3.7% 0.0% 0.0% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 17.6% 50.0% 23.5% 5.9% 2.9% 0.0% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 17.4% 21.7% 47.8% 13.0% 0.0% 0.0% Zubin Potok/Zubin 21.7% 26.1% 30.4% 13.0% 8.7% 0.0% Potok Shtërpcë/Štrpce 13.0% 43.5% 30.4% 4.3% 8.7% 0.0% Zvecan/Zvečan 4.3% 13.0% 43.5% 39.1% 0.0% 0.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 20.4% 43.0% 26.9% 9.7% 0.0% 0.0% Malishevë/Mališevo 9.4% 44.7% 41.2% 4.7% 0.0% 0.0% Mamushë/Mamuša 65.0% 30.0% 5.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 8.7% 13.0% 17.4% 21.7% 26.1% 13.0% Ranillug/Ranilug 0.0% 50.0% 45.0% 0.0% 5.0% 0.0% Partesh/Parteš 15.0% 30.0% 50.0% 5.0% 0.0% 0.0% Kllokot/Klokot 20.0% 50.0% 15.0% 15.0% 0.0% 0.0%

150

Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 0.0% 43.5% 30.4% 26.1% 0.0% 0.0% Mitrovica

Cadaster Present Not Present on Present on on a Don't Refuse to present at a small a medium large know answer all scale scale scale Mitrovicë e 2.7% 17.0% 43.8% 33.9% 2.7% 0.0% Jugut/Južna Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 75.9% 11.4% 5.1% 2.5% 3.8% 1.3% Leposaviq/Leposavić 40.0% 28.0% 12.0% 8.0% 12.0% 0.0% Klinë/Klina 23.3% 8.3% 25.0% 36.7% 6.7% 0.0% Dragash/Dragaš 7.5% 30.2% 45.3% 17.0% 0.0% 0.0% Viti/Vitina 38.4% 41.1% 17.8% 0.0% 2.7% 0.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 45.6% 33.3% 19.3% 0.0% 1.8% 0.0% Shtime/Štimlje 0.0% 46.5% 30.2% 9.3% 4.7% 9.3% Kacanik/Kačanik 36.5% 42.3% 21.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 9.3% 46.3% 37.0% 7.4% 0.0% 0.0% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 5.9% 44.1% 41.2% 2.9% 5.9% 0.0% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 0.0% 34.8% 47.8% 17.4% 0.0% 0.0% Zubin Potok/Zubin 4.3% 43.5% 17.4% 26.1% 8.7% 0.0% Potok Shtërpcë/Štrpce 13.0% 47.8% 30.4% 4.3% 4.3% 0.0% Zvecan/Zvečan 4.3% 13.0% 47.8% 34.8% 0.0% 0.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 18.3% 28.0% 37.6% 15.1% 1.1% 0.0% Malishevë/Mališevo 10.6% 36.5% 49.4% 3.5% 0.0% 0.0% Mamushë/Mamuša 65.0% 30.0% 5.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 8.7% 4.3% 34.8% 17.4% 26.1% 8.7% Ranillug/Ranilug 0.0% 60.0% 35.0% 0.0% 5.0% 0.0% Partesh/Parteš 15.0% 15.0% 65.0% 5.0% 0.0% 0.0% Kllokot/Klokot 25.0% 35.0% 30.0% 10.0% 0.0% 0.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 4.3% 26.1% 47.8% 8.7% 13.0% 0.0% Mitrovica

Urbanism Present Not Present on Present on on a Don't Refuse to present at a small a medium larger know answer all scale scale scale Mitrovicë e 0.9% 17.0% 42.9% 37.5% 1.8% 0.0% Jugut/Južna Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 75.9% 12.7% 6.3% 0.0% 3.8% 1.3% Leposaviq/Leposavić 44.0% 36.0% 4.0% 8.0% 8.0% 0.0% Klinë/Klina 23.3% 13.3% 18.3% 35.0% 10.0% 0.0% Dragash/Dragaš 7.5% 41.5% 34.0% 17.0% 0.0% 0.0% Viti/Vitina 27.4% 27.4% 42.5% 1.4% 1.4% 0.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 22.8% 40.4% 28.1% 7.0% 1.8% 0.0% Shtime/Štimlje 0.0% 27.9% 51.2% 11.6% 7.0% 2.3% Kacanik/Kačanik 30.8% 46.2% 21.2% 1.9% 0.0% 0.0%

151

Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 14.8% 33.3% 44.4% 7.4% 0.0% 0.0% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 5.9% 35.3% 52.9% 2.9% 2.9% 0.0% Novobërdë/Novo 0.0% 39.1% 47.8% 13.0% 0.0% 0.0% Brdo Zubin Potok/Zubin 13.0% 30.4% 26.1% 17.4% 13.0% 0.0% Potok Shtërpcë/Štrpce 13.0% 26.1% 26.1% 30.4% 4.3% 0.0% Zvecan/Zvečan 0.0% 17.4% 47.8% 34.8% 0.0% 0.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 18.3% 29.0% 40.9% 11.8% 0.0% 0.0% Malishevë/Mališevo 9.4% 35.3% 51.8% 3.5% 0.0% 0.0% Mamushë/Mamuša 65.0% 25.0% 10.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 8.7% 8.7% 30.4% 13.0% 30.4% 8.7% Ranillug/Ranilug 0.0% 45.0% 50.0% 0.0% 5.0% 0.0% Partesh/Parteš 15.0% 35.0% 45.0% 5.0% 0.0% 0.0% Kllokot/Klokot 10.0% 55.0% 30.0% 5.0% 0.0% 0.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 8.7% 26.1% 26.1% 30.4% 8.7% 0.0% Mitrovica

Inspectorate Present Not Present on Present on on a Don't Refuse to present at a small a medium larger know answer all scale scale scale Mitrovicë e 0.0% 11.6% 37.5% 49.1% 1.8% 0.0% Jugut/Južna Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 69.6% 22.8% 3.8% 2.5% 0.0% 1.3% Leposaviq/Leposavić 36.0% 32.0% 8.0% 12.0% 12.0% 0.0% Klinë/Klina 18.3% 8.3% 28.3% 43.3% 1.7% 0.0% Dragash/Dragaš 11.3% 30.2% 35.8% 22.6% 0.0% 0.0% Viti/Vitina 6.8% 21.9% 53.4% 16.4% 1.4% 0.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 5.3% 35.1% 38.6% 21.1% 0.0% 0.0% Shtime/Štimlje 0.0% 18.6% 48.8% 20.9% 4.7% 7.0% Kacanik/Kačanik 21.2% 57.7% 19.2% 1.9% 0.0% 0.0% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 20.4% 33.3% 38.9% 7.4% 0.0% 0.0% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 5.9% 29.4% 52.9% 8.8% 2.9% 0.0% Novobërdë/Novo 0.0% 30.4% 47.8% 21.7% 0.0% 0.0% Brdo Zubin Potok/Zubin 13.0% 34.8% 21.7% 17.4% 13.0% 0.0% Potok Shtërpcë/Štrpce 8.7% 26.1% 43.5% 17.4% 4.3% 0.0% Zvecan/Zvečan 0.0% 8.7% 34.8% 56.5% 0.0% 0.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 12.9% 36.6% 29.0% 21.5% 0.0% 0.0% Malishevë/Mališevo 9.4% 41.2% 45.9% 3.5% 0.0% 0.0% Mamushë/Mamuša 65.0% 25.0% 5.0% 5.0% 0.0% 0.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 8.7% 4.3% 17.4% 30.4% 26.1% 13.0% Ranillug/Ranilug 0.0% 45.0% 50.0% 0.0% 5.0% 0.0% Partesh/Parteš 15.0% 30.0% 55.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Kllokot/Klokot 45.0% 15.0% 30.0% 10.0% 0.0% 0.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 17.4% 13.0% 26.1% 30.4% 8.7% 4.3% Mitrovica

152

Administration Present Not Present on Present on on a Don't Refuse to present at a small a medium larger know answer all scale scale scale Mitrovicë e 5.4% 30.4% 44.6% 18.8% 0.9% 0.0% Jugut/Južna Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 82.3% 10.1% 5.1% 0.0% 1.3% 1.3% Leposaviq/Leposavić 32.0% 36.0% 8.0% 12.0% 12.0% 0.0% Klinë/Klina 21.7% 10.0% 16.7% 51.7% 0.0% 0.0% Dragash/Dragaš 20.8% 26.4% 30.2% 22.6% 0.0% 0.0% Viti/Vitina 38.4% 56.2% 5.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 36.8% 36.8% 21.1% 3.5% 1.8% 0.0% Shtime/Štimlje 4.7% 39.5% 34.9% 9.3% 4.7% 7.0% Kacanik/Kačanik 48.1% 38.5% 11.5% 1.9% 0.0% 0.0% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 13.0% 44.4% 37.0% 5.6% 0.0% 0.0% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 14.7% 44.1% 35.3% 2.9% 2.9% 0.0% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 0.0% 26.1% 69.6% 4.3% 0.0% 0.0% Zubin Potok/Zubin 13.0% 39.1% 17.4% 13.0% 13.0% 4.3% Potok Shtërpcë/Štrpce 13.0% 43.5% 30.4% 8.7% 4.3% 0.0% Zvecan/Zvečan 0.0% 13.0% 26.1% 60.9% 0.0% 0.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 18.3% 32.3% 39.8% 9.7% 0.0% 0.0% Malishevë/Mališevo 9.4% 45.9% 42.4% 2.4% 0.0% 0.0% Mamushë/Mamuša 70.0% 25.0% 5.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 8.7% 8.7% 30.4% 17.4% 30.4% 4.3% Ranillug/Ranilug 0.0% 45.0% 45.0% 5.0% 5.0% 0.0% Partesh/Parteš 15.0% 30.0% 55.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Kllokot/Klokot 35.0% 50.0% 5.0% 10.0% 0.0% 0.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 4.3% 30.4% 17.4% 39.1% 8.7% 0.0% Mitrovica

Finance Present Not Present on Present on on a Don't Refuse to present at a small a medium larger know answer all scale scale scale Mitrovicë e 1.8% 27.7% 48.2% 20.5% 1.8% 0.0% Jugut/Južna Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 57.0% 31.6% 7.6% 2.5% 0.0% 1.3% Leposaviq/Leposavić 28.0% 32.0% 16.0% 12.0% 12.0% 0.0% Klinë/Klina 15.0% 8.3% 13.3% 60.0% 3.3% 0.0% Dragash/Dragaš 15.1% 28.3% 39.6% 17.0% 0.0% 0.0% Viti/Vitina 16.4% 26.0% 39.7% 15.1% 2.7% 0.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 8.8% 36.8% 35.1% 19.3% 0.0% 0.0% Shtime/Štimlje 2.3% 16.3% 46.5% 25.6% 4.7% 4.7% Kacanik/Kačanik 38.5% 42.3% 15.4% 3.8% 0.0% 0.0% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 16.7% 25.9% 48.1% 9.3% 0.0% 0.0% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 5.9% 32.4% 52.9% 5.9% 2.9% 0.0% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 0.0% 21.7% 60.9% 17.4% 0.0% 0.0% Zubin Potok/Zubin 17.4% 26.1% 13.0% 21.7% 13.0% 8.7% Potok

153

Shtërpcë/Štrpce 13.0% 26.1% 30.4% 26.1% 4.3% 0.0% Zvecan/Zvečan 0.0% 8.7% 52.2% 39.1% 0.0% 0.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 11.8% 32.3% 25.8% 29.0% 1.1% 0.0% Malishevë/Mališevo 9.4% 37.6% 49.4% 3.5% 0.0% 0.0% Mamushë/Mamuša 65.0% 30.0% 5.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 8.7% 8.7% 17.4% 26.1% 30.4% 8.7% Ranillug/Ranilug 0.0% 40.0% 50.0% 5.0% 5.0% 0.0% Partesh/Parteš 10.0% 30.0% 60.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Kllokot/Klokot 15.0% 65.0% 15.0% 5.0% 0.0% 0.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 4.3% 17.4% 26.1% 34.8% 8.7% 8.7% Mitrovica

19. Your evaluations about the extent of presence of corruption within your municipal (local) government are based on… Personal experience Talks with (to get a Information relatives Don't Refuse to service, I through Other and know answer was asked media friends for money, a gift, etc.) Mitrovicë e 14.3% 77.7% 88.4% 1.8% 0.0% 0.0% Jugut/Južna Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 1.3% 35.4% 97.5% 1.3% 0.0% 0.0% Leposaviq/Leposavić 24.0% 68.0% 16.0% 4.0% 12.0% 16.0% Klinë/Klina 10.0% 81.7% 90.0% 1.7% 1.7% 0.0% Dragash/Dragaš 15.1% 62.3% 67.9% 1.9% 3.8% 0.0% Viti/Vitina 0.0% 50.7% 75.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 0.0% 70.2% 54.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Shtime/Štimlje 9.3% 72.1% 41.9% 0.0% 11.6% 2.3% Kacanik/Kačanik 3.8% 53.8% 76.9% 0.0% 9.6% 0.0% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 14.8% 79.6% 44.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 2.9% 85.3% 79.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 43.5% 69.6% 52.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Zubin Potok/Zubin 8.7% 34.8% 65.2% 0.0% 8.7% 0.0% Potok Shtërpcë/Štrpce 17.4% 78.3% 47.8% 4.3% 4.3% 0.0% Zvecan/Zvečan 4.3% 95.7% 73.9% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 12.9% 68.8% 75.3% 0.0% 0.0% 2.2% Malishevë/Mališevo 2.4% 82.4% 89.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Mamushë/Mamuša 5.0% 40.0% 60.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 4.3% 30.4% 13.0% 0.0% 17.4% 52.2% Ranillug/Ranilug 85.0% 95.0% 10.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Partesh/Parteš 50.0% 70.0% 40.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Kllokot/Klokot 35.0% 80.0% 45.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 4.3% 47.8% 56.5% 0.0% 21.7% 0.0% Mitrovica

20a. What do you think is the most important reason that causes corruption in your municipality (local government)?

154

Low salaries of Inefficiency Moral crisis in the officials in Imperfect of the the post- the public legislation judicial conflict period sector system Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna 29.5% 8.0% 5.4% 8.0% Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 15.2% 1.3% 1.3% 5.1% Leposaviq/Leposavić 12.0% 4.0% Klinë/Klina 3.3% 1.7% 13.3% Dragash/Dragaš 3.8% 17.0% 17.0% 5.7% Viti/Vitina 1.4% 5.5% 1.4% 15.1% Kamenicë/Kamenica 3.5% 7.0% 26.3% Shtime/Štimlje 7.0% 2.3% 2.3% 7.0% Kacanik/Kačanik 1.9% 1.9% 13.5% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo Polje 9.3% 3.7% 5.6% 11.1% Obiliq/Obilić 5.9% 2.9% 20.6% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 13.0% 21.7% 17.4% Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok 4.3% 4.3% 8.7% Shtërpcë/Štrpce 4.3% 8.7% Zvecan/Zvečan 8.7% 4.3% 34.8% Gliogoc/Glogovac 1.1% 17.2% 1.1% 25.8% Malishevë/Mališevo 7.1% 4.7% 11.8% Mamushë/Mamuša 5.0% 25.0% 20.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 4.3% 4.3% Ranillug/Ranilug 5.0% 5.0% 5.0% Partesh/Parteš 10.0% 5.0% 15.0% 5.0% Kllokot/Klokot 5.0% 5.0% 20.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 4.3% 4.3% 8.7% 13.0% Mitrovica

20a. What do you think is the most important reason that causes corruption in your municipality (local government)? Fast personal Office duties enrichment Lack of strict interfering with Lack of sought by administrative personal accountability people in control interests of the power officials Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna 28.6% 5.4% 4.5% 8.0% Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 21.5% 1.3% 1.3% 12.7% Leposaviq/Leposavić 68.0% 4.0% Klinë/Klina 55.0% 10.0% 10.0% 1.7% Dragash/Dragaš 20.8% 9.4% 3.8% 11.3% Viti/Vitina 15.1% 41.1% 13.7% 5.5% Kamenicë/Kamenica 22.8% 26.3% 8.8% Shtime/Štimlje 55.8% 2.3% 4.7% 7.0% Kacanik/Kačanik 34.6% 7.7% 30.8% 3.8% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo Polje 18.5% 20.4% 16.7% 9.3% Obiliq/Obilić 61.8% 2.9% 2.9% 2.9% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 21.7% 4.3% 4.3% 8.7% Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok 39.1% 26.1% 13.0% Shtërpcë/Štrpce 43.5% 8.7% 21.7% 4.3% Zvecan/Zvečan 34.8% 8.7% 4.3%

155

Gliogoc/Glogovac 28.0% 8.6% 4.3% 7.5% Malishevë/Mališevo 36.5% 9.4% 18.8% 8.2% Mamushë/Mamuša 25.0% 15.0% 10.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 8.7% 4.3% 8.7% Ranillug/Ranilug 20.0% 10.0% Partesh/Parteš 25.0% 10.0% Kllokot/Klokot 15.0% 25.0% 5.0% 15.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 34.8% 8.7% 13.0% 8.7% Mitrovica

20a. What do you think is the most important reason that causes corruption in your municipality (local government)? Lack of Refuse to sanctions for Other Don't know answer violation Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna 0.9% 1.8% Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 40.5% Leposaviq/Leposavić 12.0% Klinë/Klina 1.7% 1.7% 1.7% Dragash/Dragaš 5.7% 3.8% 1.9% Viti/Vitina 1.4% Kamenicë/Kamenica 3.5% 1.8% Shtime/Štimlje 2.3% 4.7% 4.7% Kacanik/Kačanik 3.8% 1.9% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo Polje 5.6% Obiliq/Obilić Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 8.7% Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok 4.3% Shtërpcë/Štrpce 4.3% 4.3% Zvecan/Zvečan 4.3% Gliogoc/Glogovac 4.3% 1.1% 1.1% Malishevë/Mališevo 3.5% Mamushë/Mamuša Gracanicë/Gračanica 34.8% 34.8% Ranillug/Ranilug 55.0% Partesh/Parteš 30.0% Kllokot/Klokot 10.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 4.3% Mitrovica

20b. What do you think is the second most important reason that causes corruption in your municipality (local government)? Low salaries of Inefficiency Moral crisis in the officials in Imperfect of the the post- the public legislation judicial conflict period sector system Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna 10.7% 4.5% 4.5% 12.5% Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 6.3% 1.3% Leposaviq/Leposavić 4.0% 8.0% 8.0% 12.0% Klinë/Klina 1.7% 3.3% 3.3% 3.3%

156

Dragash/Dragaš 3.8% 9.4% 15.1% 15.1% Viti/Vitina 5.5% 9.6% Kamenicë/Kamenica 8.8% 5.3% 15.8% Shtime/Štimlje 9.3% 4.7% 11.6% Kacanik/Kačanik 19.2% 1.9% 1.9% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo Polje 5.6% 7.4% 1.9% Obiliq/Obilić 29.4% 11.8% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 4.3% 17.4% 4.3% Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok 8.7% 17.4% 26.1% Shtërpcë/Štrpce 13.0% 8.7% Zvecan/Zvečan 4.3% 17.4% Gliogoc/Glogovac 3.2% 8.6% Malishevë/Mališevo 1.2% 8.2% 3.5% 16.5% Mamushë/Mamuša 5.0% 5.0% 5.0% 20.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 4.3% 4.3% 13.0% Ranillug/Ranilug 10.0% Partesh/Parteš 10.0% 10.0% 20.0% Kllokot/Klokot 5.0% 15.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 4.3% 8.7% 4.3% 4.3% Mitrovica

20b. What do you think is the second most important reason that causes corruption in your municipality (local government)? Fast personal Office duties enrichment Lack of strict interfering with Lack of sought by administrative personal accountability people in control interests of the power officials Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna 16.1% 18.8% 15.2% 15.2% Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 7.6% 1.3% 32.9% Leposaviq/Leposavić 20.0% 4.0% 4.0% 8.0% Klinë/Klina 23.3% 10.0% 33.3% 20.0% Dragash/Dragaš 9.4% 5.7% 13.2% Viti/Vitina 16.4% 8.2% 15.1% 24.7% Kamenicë/Kamenica 5.3% 5.3% 8.8% 21.1% Shtime/Štimlje 32.6% 14.0% 4.7% 11.6% Kacanik/Kačanik 32.7% 1.9% 23.1% 15.4% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo Polje 22.2% 14.8% 20.4% 22.2% Obiliq/Obilić 11.8% 5.9% 5.9% 26.5% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 26.1% 13.0% 8.7% 4.3% Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok 13.0% 13.0% 8.7% 8.7% Shtërpcë/Štrpce 8.7% 8.7% 39.1% Zvecan/Zvečan 39.1% 4.3% 13.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 14.0% 12.9% 14.0% 11.8% Malishevë/Mališevo 24.7% 15.3% 23.5% 3.5% Mamushë/Mamuša 20.0% 15.0% 10.0% 10.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 17.4% 4.3% 17.4% Ranillug/Ranilug 50.0% 15.0% Partesh/Parteš 20.0% 5.0% 20.0% 5.0% Kllokot/Klokot 40.0% 20.0% 10.0%

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Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 30.4% 30.4% 8.7% 8.7% Mitrovica

20b. What do you think is the second most important reason that causes corruption in your municipality (local government)? Lack of Refuse to sanctions for Other Don't know answer violation Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna 2.7% Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 11.4% 39.2% Leposaviq/Leposavić 32.0% Klinë/Klina 1.7% Dragash/Dragaš 20.8% 3.8% 3.8% Viti/Vitina 19.2% 1.4% Kamenicë/Kamenica 28.1% 1.8% Shtime/Štimlje 2.3% 9.3% Kacanik/Kačanik 3.8% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo Polje 3.7% 1.9% Obiliq/Obilić 8.8% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 21.7% Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok 4.3% Shtërpcë/Štrpce 17.4% 4.3% Zvecan/Zvečan 21.7% Gliogoc/Glogovac 33.3% 1.1% 1.1% Malishevë/Mališevo 3.5% Mamushë/Mamuša 5.0% 5.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 4.3% 17.4% 17.4% Ranillug/Ranilug 25.0% Partesh/Parteš 10.0% Kllokot/Klokot 5.0% 5.0%

21. In your opinion, if corruption by a public employee or politician were to occur in your area, how likely is it that such corruption would be exposed by the mass media? Municipality Mean Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna Mitrovica 2.77 Skenderaj/Srbica 4.41 Leposaviq/Leposavić 3.92 Klinë/Klina 2.97 Dragash/Dragaš 2.72 Viti/Vitina 3.05 Kamenicë/Kamenica 4.12 Shtime/Štimlje 2.63 Kacanik/Kačanik 4.58 Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo Polje 3.48 Obiliq/Obilić 1.91 Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 3.09 Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok 4.13 Shtërpcë/Štrpce 2.32

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Zvecan/Zvečan 1.30 Gliogoc/Glogovac 3.93 Malishevë/Mališevo 3.91 Mamushë/Mamuša 3.35 Gracanicë/Gračanica 1.81 Ranillug/Ranilug 1.50 Partesh/Parteš 2.45 Kllokot/Klokot 3.40 Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna Mitrovica 3.52

22. Are you familiar with executive bodies, public institutions and organizations who regulate or address procurement related issues/ corruption cases - Public Procurement Regulatory Commission (PPRC) Refuse to Yes No Don't know answer Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna 14.3% 84.8% 0.9% 0.0% Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 16.5% 83.5% 0.0% 0.0% Leposaviq/Leposavić 4.0% 72.0% 24.0% 0.0% Klinë/Klina 15.0% 83.3% 1.7% 0.0% Dragash/Dragaš 9.4% 77.4% 13.2% 0.0% Viti/Vitina 11.0% 89.0% 0.0% 0.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 19.3% 78.9% 1.8% 0.0% Shtime/Štimlje 7.0% 76.7% 11.6% 4.7% Kacanik/Kačanik 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo Polje 5.6% 94.4% 0.0% 0.0% Obiliq/Obilić 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok 0.0% 56.5% 34.8% 8.7% Shtërpcë/Štrpce 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Zvecan/Zvečan 4.3% 73.9% 21.7% 0.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 8.6% 88.2% 3.2% 0.0% Malishevë/Mališevo 3.5% 96.5% 0.0% 0.0% Mamushë/Mamuša 5.0% 95.0% 0.0% 0.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 4.3% 39.1% 17.4% 39.1% Ranillug/Ranilug 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Partesh/Parteš 10.0% 75.0% 15.0% 0.0% Kllokot/Klokot 10.0% 85.0% 5.0% 0.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 0.0% 56.5% 34.8% 8.7% Mitrovica

Procurement Review Body (PRB) Refuse to Yes No Don't know answer Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna 10.7% 87.5% 1.8% 0.0% Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 13.9% 86.1% 0.0% 0.0% Leposaviq/Leposavić 0.0% 72.0% 28.0% 0.0% Klinë/Klina 8.3% 91.7% 0.0% 0.0% Dragash/Dragaš 24.5% 67.9% 7.5% 0.0%

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Viti/Vitina 13.7% 86.3% 0.0% 0.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 8.8% 89.5% 1.8% 0.0% Shtime/Štimlje 2.3% 86.0% 4.7% 7.0% Kacanik/Kačanik 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo Polje 3.7% 96.3% 0.0% 0.0% Obiliq/Obilić 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok 17.4% 43.5% 30.4% 8.7% Shtërpcë/Štrpce 8.7% 91.3% 0.0% 0.0% Zvecan/Zvečan 0.0% 73.9% 26.1% 0.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 14.0% 83.9% 2.2% 0.0% Malishevë/Mališevo 7.1% 92.9% 0.0% 0.0% Mamushë/Mamuša 5.0% 95.0% 0.0% 0.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 4.3% 39.1% 17.4% 39.1% Ranillug/Ranilug 0.0% 95.0% 5.0% 0.0% Partesh/Parteš 5.0% 80.0% 15.0% 0.0% Kllokot/Klokot 10.0% 85.0% 5.0% 0.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 0.0% 60.9% 30.4% 8.7% Mitrovica

Anti-Corruption Agency (ACA) Refuse to Yes No Don't know answer Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna 67.9% 31.3% 0.9% 0.0% Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 55.7% 44.3% 0.0% 0.0% Leposaviq/Leposavić 44.0% 36.0% 20.0% 0.0% Klinë/Klina 18.3% 80.0% 1.7% 0.0% Dragash/Dragaš 35.8% 60.4% 3.8% 0.0% Viti/Vitina 71.2% 28.8% 0.0% 0.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 70.2% 28.1% 1.8% 0.0% Shtime/Štimlje 9.3% 76.7% 11.6% 2.3% Kacanik/Kačanik 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo Polje 27.8% 70.4% 1.9% 0.0% Obiliq/Obilić 20.6% 79.4% 0.0% 0.0% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 8.7% 91.3% 0.0% 0.0% Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok 4.3% 52.2% 26.1% 17.4% Shtërpcë/Štrpce 34.8% 65.2% 0.0% 0.0% Zvecan/Zvečan 39.1% 39.1% 21.7% 0.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 30.1% 67.7% 2.2% 0.0% Malishevë/Mališevo 47.1% 52.9% 0.0% 0.0% Mamushë/Mamuša 10.0% 90.0% 0.0% 0.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 4.3% 39.1% 17.4% 39.1% Ranillug/Ranilug 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Partesh/Parteš 20.0% 75.0% 5.0% 0.0% Kllokot/Klokot 35.0% 65.0% 0.0% 0.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 26.1% 65.2% 0.0% 8.7% Mitrovica

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National Audit Office (NAO) Refuse to Yes No Don't know answer Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna 22.3% 75.9% 1.8% 0.0% Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 12.7% 87.3% 0.0% 0.0% Leposaviq/Leposavić 4.0% 72.0% 24.0% 0.0% Klinë/Klina 13.3% 85.0% 1.7% 0.0% Dragash/Dragaš 22.6% 62.3% 15.1% 0.0% Viti/Vitina 6.8% 93.2% 0.0% 0.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 17.5% 80.7% 1.8% 0.0% Shtime/Štimlje 7.0% 81.4% 7.0% 4.7% Kacanik/Kačanik 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo Polje 13.0% 85.2% 1.9% 0.0% Obiliq/Obilić 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok 8.7% 56.5% 21.7% 13.0% Shtërpcë/Štrpce 13.0% 87.0% 0.0% 0.0% Zvecan/Zvečan 8.7% 65.2% 26.1% 0.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 20.4% 77.4% 2.2% 0.0% Malishevë/Mališevo 9.4% 88.2% 2.4% 0.0% Mamushë/Mamuša 5.0% 95.0% 0.0% 0.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 0.0% 43.5% 17.4% 39.1% Ranillug/Ranilug 0.0% 95.0% 5.0% 0.0% Partesh/Parteš 10.0% 75.0% 15.0% 0.0% Kllokot/Klokot 15.0% 75.0% 10.0% 0.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 4.3% 69.6% 13.0% 13.0% Mitrovica

Municipal Procurement Office Refuse to Yes No Don't know answer Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna 17.0% 82.1% 0.9% 0.0% Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 15.2% 84.8% 0.0% 0.0% Leposaviq/Leposavić 32.0% 44.0% 24.0% 0.0% Klinë/Klina 11.7% 86.7% 1.7% 0.0% Dragash/Dragaš 18.9% 66.0% 15.1% 0.0% Viti/Vitina 17.8% 82.2% 0.0% 0.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 26.3% 71.9% 1.8% 0.0% Shtime/Štimlje 4.7% 81.4% 7.0% 7.0% Kacanik/Kačanik 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo Polje 11.1% 88.9% 0.0% 0.0% Obiliq/Obilić 2.9% 97.1% 0.0% 0.0% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 4.3% 95.7% 0.0% 0.0% Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok 0.0% 65.2% 21.7% 13.0% Shtërpcë/Štrpce 13.0% 87.0% 0.0% 0.0% Zvecan/Zvečan 4.3% 69.6% 26.1% 0.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 14.0% 83.9% 2.2% 0.0% Malishevë/Mališevo 12.9% 87.1% 0.0% 0.0%

161

Mamushë/Mamuša 10.0% 90.0% 0.0% 0.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 4.3% 39.1% 17.4% 39.1% Ranillug/Ranilug 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Partesh/Parteš 15.0% 70.0% 15.0% 0.0% Kllokot/Klokot 25.0% 75.0% 0.0% 0.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 4.3% 56.5% 21.7% 17.4% Mitrovica

Municipal Internal Audit Office Refuse to Yes No Don't know answer Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna 14.3% 84.8% 0.9% 0.0% Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 13.9% 86.1% 0.0% 0.0% Leposaviq/Leposavić 24.0% 52.0% 24.0% 0.0% Klinë/Klina 6.7% 91.7% 1.7% 0.0% Dragash/Dragaš 18.9% 62.3% 18.9% 0.0% Viti/Vitina 12.3% 87.7% 0.0% 0.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 14.0% 84.2% 1.8% 0.0% Shtime/Štimlje 9.3% 76.7% 7.0% 7.0% Kacanik/Kačanik 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo Polje 1.9% 98.1% 0.0% 0.0% Obiliq/Obilić 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 13.0% 87.0% 0.0% 0.0% Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok 4.3% 56.5% 26.1% 13.0% Shtërpcë/Štrpce 17.4% 82.6% 0.0% 0.0% Zvecan/Zvečan 0.0% 73.9% 26.1% 0.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 15.1% 82.8% 2.2% 0.0% Malishevë/Mališevo 8.2% 88.2% 3.5% 0.0% Mamushë/Mamuša 5.0% 95.0% 0.0% 0.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 0.0% 43.5% 17.4% 39.1% Ranillug/Ranilug 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Partesh/Parteš 20.0% 75.0% 5.0% 0.0% Kllokot/Klokot 5.0% 90.0% 5.0% 0.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 4.3% 43.5% 30.4% 21.7% Mitrovica

23. In your opinion, are there adequate mechanisms for monitoring capital investment in your neighborhood (implementing public procurement activities: roads, schools, parks, etc.) and detecting public procurement violations? Refuse to Yes No Don't know answer Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna 36.6% 58.9% 4.5% Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 73.4% 26.6% Leposaviq/Leposavić 20.0% 44.0% 36.0% Klinë/Klina 26.7% 70.0% 3.3% Dragash/Dragaš 22.6% 52.8% 18.9% 5.7% Viti/Vitina 49.3% 39.7% 11.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 52.6% 40.4% 7.0%

162

Shtime/Štimlje 34.9% 48.8% 16.3% Kacanik/Kačanik 84.6% 13.5% 1.9% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo Polje 9.3% 87.0% 3.7% Obiliq/Obilić 52.9% 38.2% 8.8% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 100.0% Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok 60.9% 26.1% 13.0% Shtërpcë/Štrpce 30.4% 34.8% 34.8% Zvecan/Zvečan 4.3% 82.6% 13.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 45.2% 40.9% 14.0% Malishevë/Mališevo 27.1% 69.4% 3.5% Mamushë/Mamuša 50.0% 50.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 43.5% 26.1% 30.4% Ranillug/Ranilug 15.0% 85.0% Partesh/Parteš 10.0% 80.0% 10.0% Kllokot/Klokot 20.0% 60.0% 20.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 47.8% 21.7% 30.4% Mitrovica

24. In your opinion, are there adequate mechanisms for sanctioning or addressing public procurement violations? Refuse to Yes No Don't know answer Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna 54.5% 41.1% 4.5% Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 74.7% 25.3% Leposaviq/Leposavić 20.0% 52.0% 28.0% Klinë/Klina 25.0% 73.3% 1.7% Dragash/Dragaš 24.5% 60.4% 15.1% Viti/Vitina 84.9% 11.0% 4.1% Kamenicë/Kamenica 70.2% 26.3% 3.5% Shtime/Štimlje 51.2% 27.9% 20.9% Kacanik/Kačanik 78.8% 19.2% 1.9% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo Polje 22.2% 72.2% 5.6% Obiliq/Obilić 64.7% 14.7% 20.6% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 17.4% 82.6% Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok 4.3% 30.4% 47.8% 17.4% Shtërpcë/Štrpce 39.1% 26.1% 34.8% Zvecan/Zvečan 4.3% 87.0% 8.7% Gliogoc/Glogovac 44.1% 41.9% 14.0% Malishevë/Mališevo 32.9% 63.5% 3.5% Mamushë/Mamuša 50.0% 40.0% 10.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 8.7% 39.1% 26.1% 26.1% Ranillug/Ranilug 15.0% 85.0% Partesh/Parteš 15.0% 70.0% 15.0% Kllokot/Klokot 30.0% 50.0% 20.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 8.7% 43.5% 34.8% 13.0% Mitrovica

163

25. In your opinion, which side is most corrupt in the public procurement process in your municipality?

Economic Local Both sides Don't Refuse to Operators governance alike know answer (Businesses) Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna 33.9% 4.5% 60.7% 0.9% Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 3.8% 25.3% 65.8% 3.8% 1.3% Leposaviq/Leposavić 20.0% 12.0% 60.0% 8.0% Klinë/Klina 6.7% 3.3% 85.0% 3.3% 1.7% Dragash/Dragaš 9.4% 17.0% 56.6% 15.1% 1.9% Viti/Vitina 9.6% 26.0% 64.4% Kamenicë/Kamenica 7.0% 26.3% 66.7% Shtime/Štimlje 11.6% 7.0% 65.1% 14.0% 2.3% Kacanik/Kačanik 17.3% 3.8% 42.3% 36.5% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 20.4% 25.9% 50.0% 3.7% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 11.8% 5.9% 82.4% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 34.8% 65.2% Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok 60.9% 39.1% Shtërpcë/Štrpce 26.1% 47.8% 21.7% 4.3% Zvecan/Zvečan 8.7% 4.3% 60.9% 26.1% Gliogoc/Glogovac 17.2% 20.4% 49.5% 7.5% 5.4% Malishevë/Mališevo 23.5% 5.9% 62.4% 8.2% Mamushë/Mamuša 35.0% 20.0% 35.0% 10.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 13.0% 43.5% 26.1% 17.4% Ranillug/Ranilug 10.0% 90.0% Partesh/Parteš 5.0% 30.0% 65.0% Kllokot/Klokot 20.0% 35.0% 45.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 17.4% 17.4% 39.1% 17.4% 8.7% Mitrovica

26. In your opinion, at which stage (s) of procurement is corruption most prevalent? Pre-tender Tender Post-tendering (development Refuse (criteria (implementation Don't of technical Other to and of project- know specifications answer evaluation) supervision) / design) Mitrovicë e 86.6% 37.5% 14.3% 0.0% 1.8% 0.0% Jugut/Južna Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 73.4% 58.2% 36.7% 22.8% 3.8% 0.0% Leposaviq/Leposavić 88.0% 28.0% 20.0% 0.0% 0.0% 8.0% Klinë/Klina 88.3% 68.3% 38.3% 1.7% 3.3% 0.0% Dragash/Dragaš 26.4% 52.8% 39.6% 0.0% 11.3% 3.8% Viti/Vitina 93.2% 53.4% 24.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 68.4% 70.2% 47.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Shtime/Štimlje 34.9% 69.8% 16.3% 0.0% 16.3% 4.7% Kacanik/Kačanik 30.8% 53.8% 67.3% 0.0% 13.5% 0.0% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 46.3% 75.9% 37.0% 0.0% 3.7% 1.9% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 73.5% 82.4% 41.2% 0.0% 2.9% 0.0% Novobërdë/Novo 69.6% 56.5% 39.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Brdo

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Zubin Potok/Zubin 13.0% 21.7% 60.9% 0.0% 17.4% 4.3% Potok Shtërpcë/Štrpce 39.1% 30.4% 8.7% 0.0% 26.1% 4.3% Zvecan/Zvečan 56.5% 52.2% 52.2% 0.0% 0.0% 43.5% Gliogoc/Glogovac 67.7% 78.5% 39.8% 0.0% 4.3% 1.1% Malishevë/Mališevo 45.9% 65.9% 31.8% 0.0% 11.8% 0.0% Mamushë/Mamuša 65.0% 35.0% 5.0% 0.0% 10.0% 0.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 4.3% 13.0% 13.0% 0.0% 47.8% 43.5% Ranillug/Ranilug 100.0% 95.0% 90.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Partesh/Parteš 55.0% 60.0% 75.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Kllokot/Klokot 30.0% 80.0% 55.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 30.4% 34.8% 39.1% 0.0% 17.4% 4.3% Mitrovica

27. In your opinion, who among the local authorities is responsible for corruption in the public procurement process (implementation of projects: roads, schools, parks, etc.)? Purchasing Municipal Contract Mayors officers Directors Menagers Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna 32.1% 71.4% 75.0% 25.0% Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 54.4% 44.3% 78.5% 78.5% Leposaviq/Leposavić 52.0% 24.0% 16.0% 40.0% Klinë/Klina 48.3% 60.0% 66.7% 60.0% Dragash/Dragaš 37.7% 28.3% 41.5% 41.5% Viti/Vitina 75.3% 26.0% 64.4% 34.2% Kamenicë/Kamenica 84.2% 43.9% 26.3% 66.7% Shtime/Štimlje 48.8% 44.2% 51.2% 46.5% Kacanik/Kačanik 26.9% 17.3% 30.8% 57.7% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo Polje 40.7% 61.1% 55.6% 38.9% Obiliq/Obilić 58.8% 61.8% 73.5% 47.1% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 87.0% 30.4% 60.9% 47.8% Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok 17.4% 26.1% 43.5% 39.1% Shtërpcë/Štrpce 13.0% 65.2% 43.5% 21.7% Zvecan/Zvečan 43.5% 73.9% 69.6% 43.5% Gliogoc/Glogovac 36.6% 55.9% 67.7% 46.2% Malishevë/Mališevo 69.4% 31.8% 48.2% 63.5% Mamushë/Mamuša 10.0% 10.0% 25.0% 10.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 13.0% 17.4% 13.0% 8.7% Ranillug/Ranilug 100.0% 15.0% 70.0% 85.0% Partesh/Parteš 65.0% 15.0% 45.0% 75.0% Kllokot/Klokot 20.0% 60.0% 60.0% 55.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 8.7% 56.5% 56.5% 21.7% Mitrovica

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Skenderaj/Srbica 86.1% 6.3% 1.3% 0.0% Leposaviq/Leposavić 4.0% 0.0% 8.0% 4.0% Klinë/Klina 70.0% 1.7% 0.0% 0.0% Dragash/Dragaš 17.0% 3.8% 11.3% 1.9% Viti/Vitina 42.5% 0.0% 2.7% 0.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 42.1% 3.5% 1.8% 0.0% Shtime/Štimlje 41.9% 0.0% 9.3% 4.7% Kacanik/Kačanik 73.1% 0.0% 3.8% 1.9% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo Polje 18.5% 0.0% 1.9% 0.0% Obiliq/Obilić 67.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 17.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok 21.7% 0.0% 4.3% 0.0% Shtërpcë/Štrpce 13.0% 0.0% 17.4% 4.3% Zvecan/Zvečan 47.8% 0.0% 21.7% 0.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 44.1% 0.0% 1.1% 0.0% Malishevë/Mališevo 63.5% 0.0% 9.4% 0.0% Mamushë/Mamuša 30.0% 0.0% 35.0% 0.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 4.3% 0.0% 52.2% 26.1% Ranillug/Ranilug 45.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Partesh/Parteš 30.0% 0.0% 5.0% 0.0% Kllokot/Klokot 10.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 8.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Mitrovica

28. Do you believe that perpetrators of corruption are adequately punished in your municipality? Punishments Punishments Not Don't Refuse to Yes are too are too punished know answer lenient harsh at all Mitrovicë e 2.7% 32.1% 3.6% 60.7% 0.9% Jugut/Južna Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 46.8% 15.2% 36.7% 1.3% Leposaviq/Leposavić 16.0% 28.0% 36.0% 16.0% 4.0% Klinë/Klina 8.3% 10.0% 80.0% 1.7% Dragash/Dragaš 5.7% 30.2% 22.6% 35.8% 5.7% Viti/Vitina 15.1% 39.7% 45.2% Kamenicë/Kamenica 21.1% 38.6% 1.8% 35.1% 3.5% Shtime/Štimlje 7.0% 39.5% 4.7% 34.9% 11.6% 2.3% Kacanik/Kačanik 9.6% 67.3% 3.8% 19.2% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo 1.9% 37.0% 20.4% 38.9% 1.9% Polje Obiliq/Obilić 2.9% 38.2% 55.9% 2.9% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 17.4% 30.4% 13.0% 39.1% Zubin Potok/Zubin 4.3% 21.7% 47.8% 8.7% 17.4% Potok Shtërpcë/Štrpce 4.3% 8.7% 69.6% 13.0% 4.3% Zvecan/Zvečan 4.3% 91.3% 4.3% Gliogoc/Glogovac 10.8% 37.6% 6.5% 36.6% 8.6% Malishevë/Mališevo 62.4% 4.7% 31.8% 1.2% Mamushë/Mamuša 5.0% 60.0% 10.0% 25.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 4.3% 21.7% 30.4% 26.1% 17.4% Ranillug/Ranilug 100.0%

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Partesh/Parteš 15.0% 15.0% 70.0% Kllokot/Klokot 25.0% 35.0% 35.0% 5.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 34.8% 56.5% 8.7% Mitrovica

29. In the past year, have you encountered a situation where municipal public officials have conditioned their services to require bribes, gifts or other favors? Refuse to Yes No Don't know answer Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna 10.7% 87.5% 1.8% Mitrovica Skenderaj/Srbica 100.0% Leposaviq/Leposavić 12.0% 68.0% 8.0% 12.0% Klinë/Klina 1.7% 96.7% 1.7% Dragash/Dragaš 5.7% 83.0% 11.3% Viti/Vitina 100.0% Kamenicë/Kamenica 98.2% 1.8% Shtime/Štimlje 93.0% 4.7% 2.3% Kacanik/Kačanik 98.1% 1.9% Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo Polje 100.0% Obiliq/Obilić 8.8% 91.2% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 8.7% 87.0% 4.3% Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok 56.5% 26.1% 17.4% Shtërpcë/Štrpce 8.7% 87.0% 4.3% Zvecan/Zvečan 4.3% 65.2% 17.4% 13.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 4.3% 94.6% 1.1% Malishevë/Mališevo 2.4% 97.6% Mamushë/Mamuša 100.0% Gracanicë/Gračanica 47.8% 21.7% 30.4% Ranillug/Ranilug 5.0% 95.0% Partesh/Parteš 100.0% Kllokot/Klokot 90.0% 10.0% Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna 4.3% 39.1% 26.1% 30.4% Mitrovica

30. Have you given bribes, gifts or other favors to municipal public officials for the services provided? Yes No Refuse to answer Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna Mitrovica 58.3% 41.7% Leposaviq/Leposavić 33.3% 33.3% 33.3% Klinë/Klina 100.0% Dragash/Dragaš 33.3% 66.7% Obiliq/Obilić 100.0% Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 100.0% Shtërpcë/Štrpce 50.0% 50.0% Zvecan/Zvečan 100.0% Gliogoc/Glogovac 100.0% Malishevë/Mališevo 50.0% 50.0% Ranillug/Ranilug 100.0%

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Mitrovicë e Veriut/Severna Mitrovica 100.0%

31. Could you please tell us the institution where you were conditioned to give bribes, gifts or other favors to get a service from the municipality? Administrative Public Services Cadaster Urbanism services Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna 0.0% 14.3% 14.3% 0.0% Mitrovica Dragash/Dragaš 100.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% Shtërpcë/Štrpce 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100.0%

31. Could you please tell us the institution where you were conditioned to give bribes, gifts or other favors to get a service from the municipality?

Procurement (tenders, Inspectorate Education Finance evaluations, project implementation)

Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna 28.6% 14.3% 0.0% 14.3% Mitrovica

31. Could you please tell us the institution where you were conditioned to give bribes, gifts or other favors to get a service from the municipality? Employment (Human Refuse to Other Don't know Resources answer Office) Mitrovicë e Jugut/Južna 0.0% 14.3% 0.0% 0.0% Mitrovica Leposaviq/Leposavić 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% Malishevë/Mališevo 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% 0.0%

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Annex 4. Survey Questionnaire

M1. Respondent identification number ______

M2. Sampling point ______

M3. Code Municipality of Current Residence in Kosovo

1. Pristina 11. Kline 21. Ferizaj 30. Malisheve

2. South Mitrovice 12. Istog 22. Kacanik 31. Junik

3. Gjilan 13. Decan 23. Fushe Kosove 32. Mamusha

4. Peje 14. Dragash 24. Obiliq 33. Hani i Elezit

5. Prizren 15. Suhareke 25. Novo Brdo 34. Gracanica

6. Gjakove 16. Rahovec 26. Zubin Potok 35. Ranillug

7. Podujeve 17. Viti 27. Strpce 36. Partesh

8. Vushtrri 18. Kamenice 28. Zvecan 37. Kllokot

9. Skenderaj 19. Lipjan 29. Gliogovc 38.North Mitrovica

10. Leposaviq 20. Shtime

M4. Urban/Rural Residence

1. Urban area 2. Rural area

M5. Interviewer Code ______

M6. Interview Completed on the…

1. First Visit? 2. Second Visit? 3. Third Visit?

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Begin Sampling Procedure HERE:

1. After selecting a house or apartment using the random route technique,

2. Introduce yourself: "Good morning/afternoon/evening. My name is ______.

I work for UBO Consulting. We are conducting a nation-wide survey of public opinion regarding municipal transparency and accountability for public funds and expenditures and want to interview one person from your household. We will select the respondent at random, depending on who in the household has the next birthday. Answers to the survey will be strictly confidential, according to international research standards."

The person in the household who is over 18 years of age, with the next birthday (looking forward in time) is the designated respondent for that household. Attempt to complete the interview with the designated respondent now.

If the designated respondent is at home and refuses the interview or another family member blocks the interview, politely leave the house and go to the next appropriate house or apartment on that route.

If the designated respondent is not at home, attempt to schedule an interview for later that day (in rural areas) or at any other time in the field work period (in urban areas). Record the date and time of that appointment:

Date: ______Time: ______

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SECTION A: GENERAL QUESTIONS

Q1. What are the three most important problems that you are facing as a citizen in your municipality? [Respondent can select up to three answers]

1. Road infrastructure 2. Corruption 3. Unemployment 4. Crime 5. Poverty/Low standard of living 6. Poor water supply 7. Poor healthcare service 8. Poor transport service 9. Poorly functioning rubbish collection service 10. Poor preschool, primary and secondary education 11. Dysfunctional administration 12. Illegal construction 13. Employment in the grey/informal economy 14. Other, specify ______88. Don’t know 99. Refuse to answer

Q2. Can you please tell me, how much do you trust your local government on a scale of 1 – 7 (where 1 is the lowest and 7 is the highest score)?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Q3. Can you please tell me, how satisfied are you with the municipal services in general?

1. Very Satisfied 2. Somewhat Satisfied 3. Somewhat Dissatisfied 4. Very Dissatisfied 5. 88. Don’t know 6. 99. Refuse to answer

Q4a. How satisfied are you with the your Municipal Mayor fulfilling electoral promises since the last municipal elections in 2017?

Q4b. How satisfied are you with the work of your Municipal Assembly since the last municipal elections in 2017?

Q4c. How satisfied are you the work of your Municipal Administration since the last municipal elections in 2017?

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Q4a Q4b Q4c Mayor M. Assembly M. admin.

Very Satisfied 1 1 1

Somewhat Satisfied 2 2 2

Somewhat Dissatisfied 3 3 3

Very Dissatisfied 4 4 4

Don’t know 88 88 88

Refuse to answer 99 99 99

Q5. Tell me, to what extent are you satisfied with the following aspects of municipal administration. Would you say that you are very satisfied, somewhat satisfied, somewhat unsatisfied or very unsatisfied with …?

VS SS SU VU DK Ref a) Implementation of public projects (roads, 1 2 3 4 88 99 sidewalks, street lighting, schools, etc.) b) Recruitment of municipal staff 1 2 3 4 88 99 c) Management of municipal public finance 1 2 3 4 88 99

Q6. How informed do you feel about your municipality’s work in general?

1. Very informed 2. Somewhat informed 3. Somewhat uninformed 4. Not informed at all 88. Don’t know 99. Refuse to answer

Q7. How informed are you about the publication of the following municipal documents/reports? Would you say you are very informed, somewhat informed, somewhat uninformed or not informed at all?

Not Very Somewhat Somewhat informed DK Ref informed informed uninformed at all

A Mayors 1 2 3 4 88 99 report’s

B NAO report 1 2 3 4 88 99

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C Procurement 1 2 3 4 88 99 plan

D Procurement 1 2 3 4 88 99 activities

E Municipal Public 1 2 3 4 88 99 Expenditures Reports

F Municipal Financial 1 2 3 4 88 99 Reports

G Municipal Public 1 2 3 4 88 99 Investments Reports

H Municipal regulations 1 2 3 4 88 99 and plans

I Municipal 1 2 3 4 88 99 decisions

SECTION B: MUNICIPAL TRANSPARENCY AND ACCOUNTABILITY

Q8. Are you informed about the municipal budget in your municipality for this year?

1. Yes 2. No 99. Refuse to answer

Q9. Are you aware of capital projects (Construction & rehabilitation of roads / sidewalks, Public/street lighting, Construction of schools/kindergartens and healthcare facilities, Green spaces/areas/parks) planned for this year?

1. Yes 2. No 99. Refuse to answer

Q10. Are you aware of capital projects (Construction & rehabilitation of roads / sidewalks, Public/street lighting, Construction of schools/kindergartens and healthcare facilities, Green spaces/areas/parks) implemented in your municipality in the last four years?

1. Yes 2. No [Skip to Q12] 99. Refuse to answer [Skip to Q12]

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Q11. How satisfied are you with quality of the capital investments in your municipality? Would you say that you are very satisfied, somewhat satisfied, somewhat unsatisfied or very unsatisfied?

1. Very satisfied [Skip to Q12] 2. Somewhat satisfied [Skip to Q12] 3. Somewhat unsatisfied 4. Very unsatisfied 88. Don’t know 99. Refused

Q11.B if not satisfied, what do you believe is a cause of the poor quality of the infrastructure projects implemented?

1. Lack of budget 2. Lack of professional skills of the municipal officials 3. Poor quality of the woks provided by companies 4. Lack of monitoring mechanism by municipality 5. Lack of community involvement in designing and monitoring of the projects 6. Corruption practices (bribes, fraud, nepotism) 7. Other ______

Q12. Over the past year, have you…?

Yes No DK Ref

A Attended a municipal public meeting 1 2 88 99

B Attended a public debate 1 2 88 99

C Attended a budget hearing 1 2 88 99

D Attended a participatory planning meeting at 1 2 88 99 community level

E Signed a petition 1 2 88 99

F Participated in process of identifying priorities 1 2 88 99

G Participated in public meeting related to a capital 1 2 88 99 investment project design

H Involved in monitor the implementation of capital 1 2 88 99 investments

Q13. Please tell me, what is your opinion on the following matters regarding the usage of public funds and the civil service staff in general in your local government?

Yes No DK Ref

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Are there clear procedures and accountability governing the allocation and use of public 1 2 88 99 funds in your local government?

Are public funds misappropriated by 1 2 88 99 directors/public officials?

Is there a tradition of a payment of bribes to 1 2 88 99 gain favors?

Q14. Do you think citizens should or should not have access to…

Definitely Probably Probably Definitely DK Ref should should should should not not

To municipal contracts, including the amount and 1 2 3 4 88 99 who got the contracts

Municipal budgets, financial statements and 1 2 3 4 88 99 budget expenditures

Transcripts of public meetings: mayors and 1 2 3 4 88 99 assembly

Q15. Do you feel that the public authorities in your municipality withhold important information that concerns the general public (taxpayers) relating to public expenditures, i.e. Allocation of public funds (grants and appropriations, work contracts for public projects, etc.)?

1. Often 2. Sometimes 3. Seldom 4. Never 88. Don’t know 99. Refuse to answer

SECTION C: CORRUPTION IN LOCAL GOVERNMENT

Q16. In your dealings with the public sector within your municipality, how important are personal contacts and/or relationships to get things done?

Not important Slightly Very Important Refused DK at all important Important

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1 2 3 4 5 6

Q17. There are different opinions about corruption in your municipality. In your opinion, if corruption exists, to what extent is it prevalent in the following institutions?

Present Not Present on Present on on a present at a small a medium DK Ref large all scale scale scale a. Courts 1 2 3 4 88 99 b. Public Universities 1 2 3 4 88 99 c. Municipal 1 2 3 4 88 99 Government (Local) d. Central Government Administration 1 2 3 4 88 99 (Ministries) e. Kosovo Police 1 2 3 4 88 99 f. Hospitals 1 2 3 4 88 99 j. Other 1 2 3 4 88 99 ______

Q18. There are different opinions regarding corruption in your municipality. In your opinion, if corruption exists, to what extend it is prevalent in the following sectors?

Present Not Present on Present on on a present at a small a medium DK Ref large all scale scale scale a. Mayor’s office 1 2 3 4 88 99 b. Implementation of capital investment 1 2 3 4 88 99 projects (procurement activities) c. Public services 1 2 3 4 88 99 d. Education 1 2 3 4 88 99 e. Cadaster 1 2 3 4 88 99

176 f. Urbanism 1 2 3 4 88 99 g. Inspection 1 2 3 4 88 99 h. Administration 1 2 3 4 88 99 i. Finance 1 2 3 4 88 99 j. Other 1 2 3 4 88 99 ______

Q19. Your evaluations about the extent of presence of corruption within your municipal (local) government are based on … (Multiple response)

1. Personal experience (in order to get a service, money, gift etc. were asked from me) 2. Talks with relatives and friends 3. Information through media 4. Other (specify ______) 88. Refused 99. Don’t know

Q20a. What do you think is the most important reason for corruption in your municipality (local government)?

Q20b. What do you think is the second most important reason for corruption in your municipality (local government)? Most Second

Low salaries of the officials in the public sector 1 1

Moral crisis in the post-conflict period 2 2

Imperfect legislation 3 3

Inefficiency of the judicial system 4 4

Fast personal enrichment sought by people in power 5 5

Lack of strict administrative control 6 6

Office duties interfering with personal interests of the officials 7 7

Lack of accountability 8 8

Lack of sanctions for violation 9 9

Other: a)______b) ______10 10

Don’t know 88 88

Refuse 99 99

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Q21. In your opinion, if corruption by a public employee or politician were to occur in your area, how likely is it that such corruption would be exposed by the mass media?"

Very unlikely 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Very likely 99 (DK/Ref.)

SECTION D: PUBLIC PROCUREMENT PRACTICES

Q22. Are you familiar with executive bodies, public institutions and organizations who regulate or address procurement related issues/ corruption cases?

Yes No DK Ref

Public Procurement Regulatory Commission 1 2 88 99 (PPRC)

Procurement Review Body (PRB) 1 2 88 99

Anti-Corruption Agency (ACA) 1 2 88 99

National Audit Office (NAO) 1 2 88 99

Municipal Procurement Office 1 2 88 99

Municipal Internal Audit Office 1 2 88 99

Q23. In your opinion, are there adequate mechanisms for the monitoring of capital investments in your neighborhood (implementation of public procurement activities: roads, schools, parks, etc.) and the detection of misconduct in public procurement?

1. Yes 2. No 88. Don’t know 99. Refuse to answer.

Q24. In your opinion, are there adequate mechanisms for the sanctioning or addressing of misconduct in public procurement?

1. Yes 2. No 88. Don’t know 99. Refuse to answer

Q25. In your opinion, which side is more corrupt in the process of public procurement in your municipality?

1. Local government 2. Economic operators 3. Both parties the same 88. Don’t know

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99. Refuse to answer

Q26. In your opinion, in which of the procurement phase(s) is corruption more prevalent? [Multiple response]

1. Pre-tendering (development of technical specification/design)

2. Tendering (criteria and evaluation) 3. Post tendering (implementation of the project – supervising) 4. Other, specify ______88. Refused 99. Don’t know

Q27. In your opinion, who from local authorities is responsible for corruption in the public procurement process (implementation of projects: roads, schools, parks, etc.)? [Multiple-choice question]

1. Procurement officers 2. Mayors 3. Municipal Directors 4. Contract managers 5. inspection 6. Other, please specify ______88. Don’t know 99. Refuse to answer

Q28. Do you believe that perpetrators of corruption are adequately punished in your municipality?

1. Yes 2. Punishments are too lenient 3. Punishments are too harsh 4. They are not punished at all 88. Don’t know 99. Refuse to answer Q29. In the past one year, did you come across a situation that municipal public officials conditioned performing their services by asking for bribes, gifts or other favors?

1. Yes GO TO Q30 2. No SKIP TO D1 88. Don’t know SKIP TO D1 99. Refuse to answer SKIP TO D1

Q30. Did you give bribes, gifts or other favors to municipal officials for the services provided?

1. Yes GO TO Q31 2. No SKIP TO D1 88. Don’t know SKIP TO D1

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99. Refuse to answer SKIP TO D1

Q31. Could you please state the institution where you were conditioned to give bribes, gifts or other favors to receive a service from municipality? [Multiple response]

1. Administrative services 2. Public services 3. Cadaster 4. Urbanism 5. Inspection 6. Education 7. Finance 8. Procurement (bids, evaluation, project implementation) 9. Employment (HR) 10. Other. What? ______88. Don’t know 99. Refuse to answer

DEMOGRAPHIC SECTION

D1. Gender of the respondent

1. Male 2. Female

D2. How old are you? __ __ Age

D3. (ETHNICITY) What is your ethnicity/what ethnic group do you belong to?

1. Albanian 2. Serb 3. Bosnian 4. Goran 5. Turk 6. Roma 7. Ashkali 8. Egyptian 9. Other, specify ______

D4. How many formal years of education you have completed?

_ _ No. of years (98. Ref (vol.) 99. DK (vol.))

D5. Are you ...

1. working full-time 2. working part-time 3. a housewife? 4. a student or apprentice? 5. retired/disabled? 6. unemployed and looking for work?

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7. unemployed, but not looking for work?

D6. Please tell me how many members, incl. yourself, your household consist of?

__ __ (fill in the number)

D7. What is our total household monthly income, from all sources of revenues of all members?

1. 0-50 euro 11. 501-550 euro 2. 51-100 euro 12. 551-600 euro 3. 101-150 euro 13. 601-650 euro 4. 151-200 euro 14. 651-700 euro 5. 201-250 euro 15. 701-750 euro 6. 251-300 euro 16. 751-800 euro 7. 301-350 euro 17. 801-1100 euro 8. 351-400 euro 18. 1101-1300 euro 9. 401-450 euro 19. 1301-1600 euro 10. 451-500 euro 20. 1601+ euro 99. Don’t Know/Refused

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Annex 5. Focus Group Guideline for Business Representatives

INTRODUCTION Welcome everyone. First, we want to thank you for your willingness to participate in this discussion. It is very important for us to have you here and hear your opinion on our topic. These focus group sessions are being organized as part of a nation-wide survey of public opinion regarding municipal transparency and accountability for public funds and expenditures. More specifically, the discussions will be conducted in order to get in-depth insights on these issues, namely, to understand your perceptions on the municipal services and local authorities in Kosovo, with a special emphasis put on corruption and public procurement. Our discussion today will be consisted of six parts, where we will discuss several topics, such as:

• Information on Municipal Budget/Procurement Plan/Capital Projects (where we will talk about your level of information on municipal budget planning, municipal procurement planning and capital projects, as well as sources of information on this issues), • Perception on Municipal Corruption (where we will discuss on existence of municipal corruption, its prevalence, reasons that cause municipal corruption, and about the work of local authorities in terms of provision of fair and equal treatment for all bidders in public procurement), • Perception on Municipal Procurement Corruption (where we will talk about the presence of corruption in municipal procurement processes, its prevalence in this case, and those responsible for corruption in municipal procurement), • E-Procurement Platform (where we will talk about the usage of this platform, your skills in using it, its impact in reducing corruption and your suggestions in improving E-Procurement Platform), • Corruption Experiences/Practices in Municipal Procurement (where we will talk about corruption cases that you witnessed/experienced, punishment of perpetrators of corruption in public procurement, usage of informal means by some bidders, reasons why there are irregularities in procurement processes, and municipal efficiency in fighting corruptive practices) and • Monitoring of the Municipal Projects by Municipality (where we will discuss about the municipal monitoring of the project implementation, mechanisms used for this purpose, their performance and your suggestions in improving these mechanisms). The discussion might last from an hour and half to two hours.

However, before starting the discussion, we would like to provide you with some general information on the methodology of these focus groups.

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For the purpose of this study, we will be conducting four (4) focus group discussions with representatives of local businesses. The participants for these focus groups are businesses that have been biding in local government projects in the past and businesses that have never worked in any local government project. The recruitment processes for this target group is done using two sources of information. The list of businesses who have been bidding in local government projects were identified by contacting all municipal Procurement Offices (PO), whereas businesses that have never worked with any local government project were chosen by using a data set of active businesses from Tax Administration of Kosovo (TAK). All participants where then randomly selected using excel formulas, in order to provide all of them will have equal opportunities to be part of the focus group discussions. However, taking into consideration the recruitment complexity, especially the difficulties in finding businesses that have never worked with any local government project, the number of participants was limited to 6-10 participants per discussion. Lastly, although focus groups are considered more as informal meetings, there are a few ground rules that need to be followed, in order to have a fluent and productive discussion.

Focus Group Ground Rules

- We want to hear from every one of you. Do not wait from us to call on you. - There is no need to raise your hand. Please, feel free to express your opinion on every question. There is no right or wrong answer. - Respect everyone’s opinion, and do not interrupt each other while talking. - Please speak one speaker at a time and please raise your voice when speaking so everyone in the room can here you. - If we notice that someone has not talked yet, we may call on him/her and ask for his/her opinion. - In order to fully understand your opinions and be able to write the report after the meeting, we will have to record this discussion. However, we assure you that your opinions will remain completely anonymous and will be used only for this study purpose ONLY. - Please, turn off your cell phones and do not leave the room until the end of the talk.

If everyone is ready, we would like to proceed with a round of short presentations from each of you, indicating your personal name/position on the company/business name and afterwards we will continue with the discussion.

ICE BREAKER QUESTIONS

a. Could you please tell us what type of business you run?

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b. Has your company been awarded with any project by a municipality during last year?

MAIN QUESTIONS

TOPIC I – Information on Municipal Budget/Procurement Plan/Capital Projects

1. How informed do you feel about the budgets of municipalities for this year? - IF INFORMED/VERY INFORMED: How do you usually receive information in this regard? [Please specify sources] - IF NOT INFORMED/LITTLE INFORMED: Why is that? How should you be informed on this issue?

2. How informed do you feel about the annual procurement plans of municipalities? - IF INFORMED/VERY INFORMED: How do you usually receive information in this regard? [Please specify sources] - IF INFORMED/VERY INFORMED: Do you think that those plans are in line with the respective municipal budget plan? Please elaborate your opinion (Why it is/is not in line?)? - IF NOT INFORMED/LITTLE INFORMED: Why is that? How should you be informed on this issue?

3. How informed do you feel about the municipal capital projects, planned for this year in the municipality/municipalities where you operate?

- IF INFORMED/VERY INFORMED: How do you usually receive information in this regard? [Please specify sources] - IF INFORMED/VERY INFORMED: How satisfied are you with the implementation of those capital projects? - IF NOT INFORMED/LITTLE INFORMED: Why is that? How should you be informed on this issue?

TOPIC II –Perception on Municipal Corruption

4. Now, we would like to talk about your perception regarding potential presence of corruption in the municipality/municipalities where you operate. In your opinion, is there corruption in those municipalities?

- IF YES: To what extend it is prevalent and in which sectors is more emphasized?

5. In your opinion, what are the main reasons that cause corruptive practices in municipalities?

6. APPLIES ONLY TO BUSINESSES WHO HAVE BEEN BIDDING IN LOCAL GOVERNMENT PROJECTS: Now, based on your experience as bidders in local government

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projects, how would you assess the work of authorities in the municipality/municipalities where you operate, in terms of provision of fair and equal treatment for all bidders in public procurement? [Please elaborate your opinion]

- Why do you have such an opinion? - In your opinion, on what do public procurement officers base their selection of economic operator (s) during procurement process?

7. APPLIES ONLY TO BUSINESSES WHO HAVE NEVER WORKED IN ANY LOCAL GOVERNMENT PROJECTS: Having in mind your right as businesses to bid in local government projects, why you never used that opportunity/bid in a local government project? [Please provide your reasons]

- Do you ever consider biding in local government projects in the future? - IF YES: What makes you change your mind/bid in such projects? - IF NOT: Why?

TOPIC III –Perception on Municipal Procurement Corruption

8. Could you please share with us your perception regarding potential presence of corruption in municipal procurement processes, including: pre-tendering phase - during development of technical specification/design, tendering phase - during criteria and evaluation process, and post tendering phase - during implementation of the project – monitoring. In your opinion, is there corruption in municipal procurement process?

- IF YES: To what extend it is prevalent and in which of the procurement phase(s) is corruption more prevalent? How does it happen and why? - In your opinion, who is more responsible from local authorities for corruption in the public procurement process? Why? - Do you believe there is a tradition of a payment of bribes to gain favors in municipalities? Please elaborate your opinion (Why YES/NO?). TOPIC IV –E-Procurement Platform

9. APPLIES ONLY TO BUSINESSES WHO HAVE BEEN BIDDING IN MUNICIPAL PROJECTS:

- Do you use e-procurement platform to apply for municipal projects? - Are you skilled on how to use the e-procurement platform? - Do you think that the usage of the e-procurement platform reduces corruption opportunities? Please elaborate your opinion (How does it happen?). - How do you assess e-procurement platform: what are the challenges, if any, you have faced during the usage of the platform?

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TOPIC V –Corruption Experiences/Practices in Municipal Procurement

10. During your experience in bidding in local government projects, did you come across a situation that the municipal public officials conditioned their services by asking for bribes, gifts or other favors from the businesses bidding in the municipal projects? Please describe briefly the situation.

- Did it happen to you that municipal public officials conditioned performing their services by asking you for bribes, gifts or other favors? Please describe briefly the situation.

11. Do you believe that perpetrators of corruption in public procurement are adequately punished in Kosovo?

- IF NOT: Why do you think this happens?

12. Do you believe that conditions stipulated in public procurement competitions favor only specific companies from private sector?

- IF YES: Why do you think this happens?

13. In your estimate, what percentages of private companies participating in procurement processes regularly use informal means in an attempt to influence the decision makers?

- And in what percentage of cases would you say that these attempts are successful in getting a preferential treatment?

14. In your estimate, what percentage of irregular procurement processes that happen for the following reasons (estimates should add up to 100%)?

Corruptive practices % Lack of planning %

Inadequate legal framework % Lack of capacity on the executor (EO) side % Other reasons %

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15. In your opinion, how efficient is the municipality in fighting corruptive practices in the procurement system? Please elaborate your opinion.

16. Sometimes procurement competitions have to be cancelled due to lack of offers. What would you say is the main reason for lack of offers in such competitions? And what would be the second most important reason? Main reason:

- Insufficient number of registered providers - Unrealistic specifications - Deliberately biased specifications - Fear of not getting paid (on time or at all) - Biased selection process - Other reason (please specify)

TOPIC VI – Monitoring of the Municipal Projects by Municipalities

17. Do municipalities monitor implementation of the projects on ongoing bases – in line with the law?

18. In your opinion, are there adequate mechanisms for the monitoring of public procurement and the detection and sanctioning of misconduct in public procurement?

19. At the end: do you think that there is any issue/challenge which is of interest of transparency, effectiveness and accountability in regard of the public procurement as well as the e -procurement platform?

- IF YES: Which are the issues/challenges to be discussed? - What would be your recommended tools/mechanisms to be developed that will help improving the processes discussed in this group?

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Annex 6. Focus Group Guideline for CSOs Representatives

ICE BREAKER QUESTIONS

a. Could you please tell us in which area your organization is focused, and what are some of your main activities?

b. How long you have been active as an organization?

MAIN QUESTIONS TOPIC I – Information on Municipal Budget/Procurement Plan/Capital Projects

1. As civil society organizations, are you informed about the municipal budgets for municipalities that you operate?

- IF YES: How do you usually receive information in this regard? [Please specify sources] - IF NOT INFORMED: Why do you think that is the situation? How should you be informed on this issue?

2. Are you informed that municipalities should plan also procurement activities?

- IF YES: Did you see those plans? - IF NOT: Why do you think that is the situation?

3. How informed do you feel about the municipal capital projects, implemented in the municipality/municipalities where you operate?

- IF INFORMED: How would you assess the implementation of those capital projects? - If NOT INFORMED: Why do you think that is the situation?

4. What is your opinion regarding the usage of public funds in municipalities?

- Do you think there are clear procedures and accountability governing the allocation and use of public funds in municipalities? Please elaborate your opinion (Why Yes/No?). - Do you think there are cases when public funds are misappropriated by municipal public officials? IF YES: Why do you think this happens?

TOPIC II –Perception on Municipal Corruption

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5. Now, we would like to hear your opinion about perception regarding corruption in municipalities. In your opinion, are there corruption practices in municipality/municipalities where you operate?

- IF YES: To what extend they are prevalent and in which sectors are more emphasized? How do they happen and why? - Do you believe there is a tradition of a payment of bribes to gain favors? Please elaborate your opinion (Why YES/NO?). - Did you or your NGO have to bribe anyone in municipality, in order to get favors? IF YES: Why you have to do it?

6. In your opinion, what are the main reasons that cause corruption in your municipality?

TOPIC III –Perception on Municipal Procurement Corruption

7. Could you please share with us your perception regarding potential presence of corruption in municipal procurement processes, including: pre-tendering during development of technical specification/design, tendering during criteria and evaluation process, and post tendering during implementation of the project – monitoring. In your opinion, is there corruption in municipal procurement process?

- In your opinion, in which of the procurement phase(s) is corruption more prevalent? How does it happen and why? - In your opinion, which side is more corrupt in the process of public procurement in your municipality? Why? - In your opinion, who is more responsible from local authorities for corruption in the public procurement process? Why?

8. Do you believe that perpetrators of corruption in public procurement are adequately punished?

- IF NOT: Why do you think this happens?

TOPIC IV – Monitoring of the Municipal Projects by CSOs

9. Do you think civil society organizations should or should not have access to tender dossier, evaluation sheets of evaluation committee members/evaluation committee, contract management process?

- IF SHOULD/SHOULD NOT HAVE: Why?

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10. In your opinion, are there adequate mechanisms for the monitoring of public procurement and the detection and sanctioning of misconduct in public procurement?

- IF YES: How satisfied are you with their performance in monitoring of public procurement and the detection and sanctioning of misconduct in public procurement? - IF NOT: What should be done, in order to ensure/establish such mechanisms? - And what will be the mechanisms that will help to improve municipal performance related to the procurement processes?

TOPIC V – Municipal Transparency about Procurement Activities

11. Do municipalities publish procurement activity information in their websites?

- IF YES: How updated are these information? - IF NO: Why do you think this happens?

12. In your opinion, are procurement solicitations advertised in a way that anyone can easily access the details about them?

- IF NO: What are your remarks?

13. In your opinion, is the process of a winning bidder selection available for everyone to see?

- IF NO: Why? What is your opinion in this regard?

14. At the end: do you think that there is any issue/challenge which is of interest of municipal transparency, effectiveness and accountability in regard of the public procurement as well as the e -procurement platform, that was not discussed in this group?

- IF YES: Which are the issues/challenges to be discussed? - What would be your recommended tools/mechanisms to be developed that will help improving the processes discussed in this group?

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