2011

Question Booklet 50 Questions

time allowed – 45 minutes

Your teacher will explain how to fi ll in school and personal details on the answer sheet before starting.

Instructions • You will be given this Question Booklet, a Source Sheet and an Answer Sheet. • Some of the questions will ask you to refer to sources on the Source Sheet. • Answer all questions on the Answer Sheet by selecting the best answer from the alternatives given. • Indicate your answer by putting a cross in the box for the alternative you have chosen. • Think carefully about your answer before making a choice, but if you wish to change an answer shade the box with the incorrect answer completely and then place a cross in the box for the new answer. • Before starting, your teacher will explain how to fi ll in your school and personal details on the Answer Sheet – it is important to do this accurately so that names will be spelt correctly on certifi cates.

The 2011 Australian History Competition is created and run by the History Teachers’ Association of and The Giant Classroom. It is sponsored by Circle – The Centre for Innovation, Research, Creativity and Leadership in Education and Cambridge University Press.

www.australianhistorycompetition.com.au

Questions 1-3 refer to Source A

1. Who is the person shown in Source A? A Queen B Queen Elizabeth II C Dame Enid Lyons D Elizabeth Macarthur

2. Why is she represented on the banknote? A To satisfy the demands of feminist historians B She was a signifi cant fi gure in Australia’s history C She was Australia’s Head of State when the banknote was in use D To highlight Australia’s position as a of the

3. What is the best estimate for the years when this note was in use? A 1880 – 1901 B 1901 – 1929 C 1929 – 1966 D 1966 – 1984

Questions 4-8 are Researched Questions relating to Museum of Parliamentary Democracy Factsheets

4. Who was Australia’s fi rst Prime Minister? A B C D

5. What was the major policy of the at the time of Federation? A Border protection B Protection of Australian Aborigines C Protection of Australian manufacturers D Protection of Australian native animals

6. Which of the following did not serve as Prime Minister during World War II? A Stanley Bruce B Ben Chifl ey C D

7. An Australian Prime Minister is A selected from the Australian Parliament by the Governor General. B the leader whose party or has a majority of seats in the Senate. C the person who has been elected Prime Minster by the Australian people. D the leader whose party or coalition has a majority of seats in the House of Representatives.

8. Who is entitled to vote in an Australian federal election? A Citizens who are aged 18 and over B Residents who are aged 18 and over C Citizens who are aged 21 and over D Residents who are aged 21 and over

Questions 9-10 refer to Source B

9. What is the main message of Source B? A Singapore is expecting bad weather B Singapore is Australia’s closest neighbour C The British navy is more advanced than the Australian navy D Australia depends on the British navy at Singapore for protection

2 2011 Australian History Competition © HTAA & The Giant Classroom 10. When was Source B published? A After the fall of Singapore B After the fi rst bombing of Darwin C Before the outbreak of war between Australia and Japan D Before the outbreak of war between Australia and Germany

Questions 11-12 refer to Source C

11. What is the main purpose of Source C? A To describe the bombing of Darwin B To analyse the results of the Darwin air raids C To remember those who died during air raids on Darwin D To commemorate the role of Chinese Australians during World War II

12. What type of history does C focus on? A Social B Military C Political D Diplomatic

Questions 13-15 refer to Source D

13. According to Source D, which Australian states or territories suffered air raids in 1942-43? A SA, NT, WA B WA, NT, QLD C NSW, WA, NT D NSW, QLD, WA

14. According to Source D, which Australian city experienced attack from midget submarines in 1942-43? A Darwin B Sydney C Broome D Townsville

15. Which of the following views could Source D help to support? A Japan intended to invade Australia in 1942-43. B Japan did not intend to invade Australia in 1942-43. C In 1942-43 Australians had reason to fear invasion from Japan. D In 1942-43 most Australians were confi dent that Japan would not invade.

Questions 16-18 refer to Source E

16. What is the area shown in white in Source E? A The Malay Peninsula B Japan C The Dutch East Indies D Papua New Guinea

17. Where did battles on the Kokoda Trail take place in Source E? A Between Z and Y B Between Y and V C Between Z and X D Between X and Y

18. What event took place near location W in Source E? A The Battle of Midway B The Battle of the Coral Sea C The sinking of HMAS Perth D The sinking of HMAS Australia

2011 Australian History Competition © HTAA & The Giant Classroom 3 Questions 19-21 refer to Source F

19. What does Source F refer to? A The B The United Nations C The Olympic Games D World War II alliances

20. Which of the powers associated with the USSR in Source F are no longer nation states? A USSR, Hungary, Albania B Rumania, Bulgaria, Albania C Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Yugoslavia D USSR, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia

21. In Source F, what did most of the powers associated with the USA believe in? A Socialism B Democracy C Globalisation D Internationalism

Questions 22-23 refer to the Table 1, below

Table 1

Contribution List A List B List C List D

South Sea Gold mining in NSW Afghans Japanese Chinese and Victoria Islanders

Diving for pearl and shell in South Sea Chinese Japanese Afghans northern Western Australia Islanders

South Sea Growing sugar cane in Chinese Afghans Japanese Queensland Islanders

Building the overland South Sea telegraph from South Australia Japanese Afghans Chinese Islanders to the Northern Territory

22. In Table 1, which list correctly matches the groups of migrants with their major contribution to early Australian economic development? A List A B List B C List C D List D

23. When was the overland telegraph line, referred to in Table 1, built? A Late 18th century B Early 19th century C Late 19th century D Early 20th century

Questions 24-29 refer to Source G and Source H

24. According to Source G, in which year were overseas born the highest percentage of Australia’s population? A 1901 B 1971 C 1981 D 1996

4 2011 Australian History Competition © HTAA & The Giant Classroom 25. What was the major cause of the turnaround in the percentage of overseas born in Australia’s population after 1947, as shown in Source G? A A low Australian birth rate B The end of the White Australian policy C Australia’s post World War II baby-boom D Australia’s post World War II immigration policy

26. According to the data in Source H, where did most overseas born migrants come from between 1947 and 1996? A Italy B Ireland C New Zealand D United Kingdom

27. According to Source H, between 1947 and 1996 there was a steady decline in the proportion of overseas born from which two countries? A Greece and Italy B Greece and Germany C United Kingdom and Ireland D United Kingdom and New Zealand

28. According to Source H, when did migrants start coming to Australia from Vietnam? A Before 1947 B Before 1961 C Before 1981 D Before 1996

29. What can be concluded about Australia’s population after World War II from Source G and Source H? A The proportion of overseas born has increased and the proportion from Asian countries has increased. B Overseas born have been consistently around one third of Australia’s population, with most from Asian countries. C The proportion of overseas born has declined but more than half have continued to come from the United Kingdom. D Overseas born have come from an increasing range of countries but they represent a declining proportion of Australia’s population overall.

Questions 30-33 refer to Source I

30. In Source I, the points ‘W’, ‘X’, ‘Y’ and ‘Z’ represent the introduction of four new technologies. What are they, in correct chronological order? A movies, photography, personal computers, television B photography, movies, television, personal computers C television, photography, movies, personal computers D movies, photography, television, personal computers

31. In Source I, what happened at point ‘V’? A The Australian colonies federated. B The Harvester Judgement set a minimum wage for workers. C South Australia gave women the right to vote and stand for election. D Indigenous Australians were given the right to vote in federal elections.

2011 Australian History Competition © HTAA & The Giant Classroom 5 32. In Source I, when was the colonial period in Australia’s history? A Before point ‘R’ B Between points ‘R’ and ‘T’ C Between points ‘T’ and ‘V’ D After point ‘V’

33. If Source I was used to show Indigenous occupation, based on current estimates how many years would need to be shown before point ‘R’? A 600 B 60 000 C 6000 D 600 000

34. With which event is Aboriginal Australian Vincent Lingiari associated? A Freedom Rides, NSW B Wave Hill walk-off, NT C Noonkanbah protest, WA D Cummeragunja walk-off, VIC

35. What was the main concern of the people who erected the Aboriginal Tent Embassy outside Parliament House in in 1972? A Land rights B Equal pay C Deaths in custody D The removal of children

36. With which aspect of popular culture do you associate the following names?

Lionel Rose Cathy Freeman Nicky Winmar Evonne Goolagong-Cawley Arthur Beetson John Marshall Maurice Rioli Mark Ella

A Art B Sport C Music D Literature

Questions 37-40 refer to Source J and Source K

37. Source J and Source K agree on what fact about Jacob Bellett’s history? A The date of his death B His age when he died C That he was a convict D The place of his burial

38. Faced with the contradictions between them, what would a historian researching Jacob Bellett’s life conclude about sources J and K? A Neither source is reliable nor useful B The primary Source J is more reliable than the secondary Source K C Source J is not useful because of deliberate lies about age and criminal record D While their reliability needs further checking, both sources could be very useful

39. Here are two explanations for some of the apparent contradictions between Sources J and K:

I Even though transported to Australia as a convict, Jacob Bellett had served his time and was ‘free’ by the time he arrived to settle in Tasmania. II The inscription on the headstone has obviously been restored in the past 200 years and some of the numbers may have been done inaccurately.

A historian would consider: A Both explanations are unlikely. B Both explanations are worth further investigation. C Explanation I is possible but explanation II is unlikely. D Explanation II is possible but explanation I is unlikely.

6 2011 Australian History Competition © HTAA & The Giant Classroom 40. What insight into colonial Tasmanian society does Source J offer a historian? A It allows us to understand how people died. B It reveals a lot about cemetery construction. C It suggests that ‘free settler’ was an important distinction. D It provides accurate details from birth and death records.

Questions 41-44 refer to Source L

41. In which war was the Western Front a major battleground for Australian soldiers? A World War I B World War II C The Boer War D The

42. Where is the memorial shown in Source L located? A Turkey B France C Germany D South Africa

43. A historian researching the war on the Western Front would fi nd this memorial most useful for studying which of the following aspects? A How battles were fought B Why the fi ghting took place C How the war is commemorated D What conditions were like for soldiers

44. What evidence is there in Source L to suggest that modern Australians have a strong interest in their nation’s military history? A The fact that the memorial is well looked after B The fact that such a large memorial was erected C An inscription on the front wall reading ‘Their name liveth for evermore’ D Evidence of battlefi eld tourist companies catering especially for Australians

Questions 45-46 refer to Source M

45. According to Source M, where did John Batman establish a settlement? A Parramatta B C Launceston D Port Philip Heads

The Monument shown in Source M has a plaque, circled in red, that says: When the monument was erected in 1881 the colony considered that the Aboriginal people did not occupy land. It is now clear that prior to the colonisation of Victoria, the land was inhabited and used by Aboriginal people. Melbourne City Council, 1992

46. Read the plaque above and the following two statements about history: I Historical interpretations and views about the past may change over time. II Differing perspectives affect the way in which we record the past and produce history. How well do you feel Source M (the monument and plaque) illustrates these statements? A It could be used to illustrate both statements. B It could be used to illustrate neither statement. C It could be used to illustrate statement I but not statement II. D It could be used to illustrate statement II but not statement I.

2011 Australian History Competition © HTAA & The Giant Classroom 7 Questions 47-49 refer to Source N

47. The statement that Bon Scott is ‘the greatest rock’n’roll front man of all time’ is A recording a fact. B historical analysis. C quoting an opinion. D paraphrasing an interpretation.

48. Source N could be used by a historian as evidence to conclude that A migrants started Australian ‘Rock n Roll’. B migrants have played a role in Australian popular culture. C Bon Scott wrote the greatest ‘Rock n Roll’ songs of all time. D Australia has been the major infl uence on international ‘Rock n Roll’.

49. From your own knowledge, what was one of the ‘Rock n Roll’ anthems written and performed by Bon Scott? A ‘Satisfaction’ B ‘Long Way to the Top’ C ‘Rock Around the Clock’ D ‘Smells Like Teen Spirit’

Questions 50 refers to Source M and Source N

50. Read the following two views about historical monuments: I Historical monuments always focus on military and political history. II Historical monuments can tell historians about the historical perspective of those who erected them. Considering Sources M and N and your own knowledge, assess the two views: A Both views are correct. B Both views are incorrect. C View I is correct while view II is incorrect. D View I is incorrect while view II is correct.

8 2011 Australian History Competition © HTAA & The Giant Classroom