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Impact of Afforestation on Earthworm Populations in Iceland
ICEL. AGRIC. SCI. 26 (2013), 21-36 Impact of afforestation on earthworm populations in Iceland Bjarni D. SigurDSSon and Bjarni E. guDlEifSSon Agricultural University of Iceland, Hvanneyri, IS-311 Borgarnes, Iceland. e-mail: [email protected] (corresponding author), [email protected] ABSTRACT Earthworms were collected from different vegetation types in East and West Iceland. The vegetation types in East Iceland were Siberian larch (Larix sibirica) forests, native mountain birch (Betula pubescens) wood- lands and open heathlands. The study areas in West Iceland were Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis), lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) forests, mountain birch woodlands and open heathlands. Four earthworm species (Dendrobaena octaedra, Dendrodrilus rubidus, Aporrectodea caliginosa, Lumbricus rubellus) were identi- fied at both study areas and two additional ones in the West Iceland (Aporrectodea rosea and Octolasion cyaneum). No significant differences were detected in average earthworm species number and biomass between treeless heathlands and forests in East or West Iceland. There were, however, significant differences between the native deciduous forests and the coniferous plantations in West, but not East Iceland. Time since afforestation was found to have a significant effect on both earthworm diversity and density and should always be included in future studies. All earthworm parameters were positively related to soil N and amount of monocots, but negatively related to soil C/N ratio, tree LAI and tree height. Soil pH had no significant influence on any of the earthworm parameters. The most noteworthy finding was that earthworms were generally found in similar biomass and species richness in the exotic coniferous plantations in Iceland compared to the treeless heathlands, even if earthworm species composition showed strong changes. -
Annelida, Lumbricidae) - Description Based on Morphological and Molecular Data
A new earthworm species within a controversial genus: Eiseniona gerardoi sp. n. (Annelida, Lumbricidae) - description based on morphological and molecular data The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Díaz Cosín, Darío J., Marta Novo, Rosa Fernández, Daniel Fernández Marchán, and Mónica Gutiérrez. 2014. “A new earthworm species within a controversial genus: Eiseniona gerardoi sp. n. (Annelida, Lumbricidae) - description based on morphological and molecular data.” ZooKeys (399): 71-87. doi:10.3897/zookeys.399.7273. http:// dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.399.7273. Published Version doi:10.3897/zookeys.399.7273 Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:12406906 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 399: A71–87 new (2014) earthworm species within a controversial genus: Eiseniona gerardoi sp. n... 71 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.399.7273 RESEARCH ARTICLE www.zookeys.org Launched to accelerate biodiversity research A new earthworm species within a controversial genus: Eiseniona gerardoi sp. n. (Annelida, Lumbricidae) - description based on morphological and molecular data Darío J. Díaz Cosín1,†, Marta Novo1,2,‡, Rosa Fernández1,3,§, Daniel Fernández Marchán1,|, Mónica Gutiérrez1,¶ 1 -
40Thanniv Ersary
Spring 2011 • $7 95 FSharing tihe exr periencste of Fastest railways past and present & rsary nive 40th An Things Were Not the Same after May 1, 1971 by George E. Kanary D-Day for Amtrak 5We certainly did not see Turboliners in regular service in Chicago before Amtrak. This train is In mid April, 1971, I was returning from headed for St. Louis in August 1977. —All photos by the author except as noted Seattle, Washington on my favorite train to the Pacific Northwest, the NORTH back into freight service or retire. The what I considered to be an inauspicious COAST LIMITED. For nearly 70 years, friendly stewardess-nurses would find other beginning to the new service. Even the the flagship train of the Northern Pacific employment. The locomotives and cars new name, AMTRAK, was a disappoint - RR, one of the oldest named trains in the would go into the AMTRAK fleet and be ment to me, since I preferred the classier country, had closely followed the route of dispersed country wide, some even winding sounding RAILPAX, which was eliminat - the Lewis and Clark Expedition of 1804, up running on the other side of the river on ed at nearly the last moment. and was definitely the super scenic way to the Milwaukee Road to the Twin Cities. In addition, wasn’t AMTRAK really Seattle and Portland. My first association That was only one example of the serv - being brought into existence to eliminate with the North Coast Limited dated to ices that would be lost with the advent of the passenger train in America? Didn’t 1948, when I took my first long distance AMTRAK on May 1, 1971. -
Taxonomic Assessment of Lumbricidae (Oligochaeta) Earthworm Genera Using DNA Barcodes
European Journal of Soil Biology 48 (2012) 41e47 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect European Journal of Soil Biology journal homepage: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/ejsobi Original article Taxonomic assessment of Lumbricidae (Oligochaeta) earthworm genera using DNA barcodes Marcos Pérez-Losada a,*, Rebecca Bloch b, Jesse W. Breinholt c, Markus Pfenninger b, Jorge Domínguez d a CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal b Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Lab Centre, Biocampus Siesmayerstraße, 60323 Frankfurt am Main, Germany c Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602-5181, USA d Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Universidade de Vigo, E-36310, Spain article info abstract Article history: The family Lumbricidae accounts for the most abundant earthworms in grasslands and agricultural Received 26 May 2011 ecosystems in the Paleartic region. Therefore, they are commonly used as model organisms in studies of Received in revised form soil ecology, biodiversity, biogeography, evolution, conservation, soil contamination and ecotoxicology. 14 October 2011 Despite their biological and economic importance, the taxonomic status and evolutionary relationships Accepted 14 October 2011 of several Lumbricidae genera are still under discussion. Previous studies have shown that cytochrome c Available online 30 October 2011 Handling editor: Stefan Schrader oxidase I (COI) barcode phylogenies are informative at the intrageneric level. Here we generated 19 new COI barcodes for selected Aporrectodea specimens in Pérez-Losada et al. [1] including nine species and 17 Keywords: populations, and combined them with all the COI sequences available in Genbank and Briones et al. -
A Case Study of the Exotic Peregrine Earthworm Morphospecies Pontoscolex Corethrurus Shabnam Taheri, Céline Pelosi, Lise Dupont
Harmful or useful? A case study of the exotic peregrine earthworm morphospecies Pontoscolex corethrurus Shabnam Taheri, Céline Pelosi, Lise Dupont To cite this version: Shabnam Taheri, Céline Pelosi, Lise Dupont. Harmful or useful? A case study of the exotic peregrine earthworm morphospecies Pontoscolex corethrurus. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Elsevier, 2018, 116, pp.277-289. 10.1016/j.soilbio.2017.10.030. hal-01628085 HAL Id: hal-01628085 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01628085 Submitted on 5 Jan 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Harmful or useful? A case study of the exotic peregrine earthworm MARK morphospecies Pontoscolex corethrurus ∗ ∗∗ S. Taheria, , C. Pelosib, L. Duponta, a Université Paris Est Créteil, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, CNRS, INRA, IRD, Université Paris-Diderot, Institut d’écologie et des Sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES-Paris), Créteil, France b UMR ECOSYS, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78026 Versailles, France ABSTRACT Exotic peregrine earthworms are often considered to cause environmental harm and to have a negative impact on native species, but, as ecosystem engineers, they enhance soil physical properties. Pontoscolex corethrurus is by far the most studied morphospecies and is also the most widespread in tropical areas. -
City of Portland Union Pacific Railroad
CITY OF PORTLAND UNION PACIFIC RAILROAD CHICAGO AND NORTH WESTERN LINE CITY OF PORTLAND The "City of Port- land" described in this booklet is a 13-car train plus a 3-car Diesel power unit. Perhaps the most outstanding feature of this train is the Observa- tion-Lounge Car, named the "Copper King," embodying remarkable innovations in railroad development. The deft decorations, unique and colorful, are by Mrs. W. A. Harriman, wife of the Chairman of the Board of the Union Pacific. Her contribu- tion to the unusual interior decorations of other Union Pacific streamline trains has created con- siderable favorable comment. The "Copper King" is the first "light-condi- tioned" car in railroading and the first in which copper has been used so extensively for interior decoration, finishings and appointments. The final touch of the selections of color schemes for the furniture, the decorating, upholstering, carpeting and the exquisite buffet and other interior appoint- ments was added by Mrs. Harriman. Pullman passengers enjoy complete relaxation in the -Copper King". The “Copper King" Observation-Lounge Car. • As the name implies, the "Copper King" is resplendent in shimmering copper. The side walls have satin finished copper paneling. Tables, smoke-stands and other accessories are constructed of copper bronze and the same metal has been skillfully used in the specially designed furniture. The service buffet, near the entrance to the car, is a harmonious symphony of copper and glass. As a result of using copper as the dominant decorative note, the interior has a rich glowing beauty enhanced by the contrasting deep green and henna material with which lounges and chairs are upholstered. -
Ferns of the National Forests in Alaska
Ferns of the National Forests in Alaska United States Forest Service R10-RG-182 Department of Alaska Region June 2010 Agriculture Ferns abound in Alaska’s two national forests, the Chugach and the Tongass, which are situated on the southcentral and southeastern coast respectively. These forests contain myriad habitats where ferns thrive. Most showy are the ferns occupying the forest floor of temperate rainforest habitats. However, ferns grow in nearly all non-forested habitats such as beach meadows, wet meadows, alpine meadows, high alpine, and talus slopes. The cool, wet climate highly influenced by the Pacific Ocean creates ideal growing conditions for ferns. In the past, ferns had been loosely grouped with other spore-bearing vascular plants, often called “fern allies.” Recent genetic studies reveal surprises about the relationships among ferns and fern allies. First, ferns appear to be closely related to horsetails; in fact these plants are now grouped as ferns. Second, plants commonly called fern allies (club-mosses, spike-mosses and quillworts) are not at all related to the ferns. General relationships among members of the plant kingdom are shown in the diagram below. Ferns & Horsetails Flowering Plants Conifers Club-mosses, Spike-mosses & Quillworts Mosses & Liverworts Thirty of the fifty-four ferns and horsetails known to grow in Alaska’s national forests are described and pictured in this brochure. They are arranged in the same order as listed in the fern checklist presented on pages 26 and 27. 2 Midrib Blade Pinnule(s) Frond (leaf) Pinna Petiole (leaf stalk) Parts of a fern frond, northern wood fern (p. -
Did You Know... Improve Railroad Track
Iowa Railroad Ties, Fall 2007 Page 1 of 9 Fall 2007 IN THIS ISSUE Feature Articles From the Rail Director – Peggy Baer, director of the Office of www.iowarail.com Rail Transportation, discusses passenger rail’s future in Iowa. Travel by train – A look at passenger rail service in Iowa, including its history, current challenges and developments. Rail Revolving Loan and Grant Program update – The application period is open for financial assistance to build or Did you know... improve railroad track. Iowa legislature approved more grant The Federal Railroad funding. Administration (FRA) requires railroads to Last of the steam locomotives – Union Pacific’s No. 844, the report all rail accidents last steam locomotive built for UP, chugged through Iowa. and incidents. The FRA's Office of Safety Analysis Rail fan journeys far – Georgia family enjoyed ride on CRANDIC maintains a Web site that after buying ticket on eBay® to benefit charity. allows individuals to query the railroad Future events – Early notice provided regarding two April 2008 accident statistics and events. highway-railroad crossing inventory data. Government News A quiet birthday – Visit a mid-Iowa Quiet Zone one year after the http://safetydata.fra.dot.gov/ train horns are silenced. officeofsafety/ Industry News Powerful Iowa storm – High winds caused damage to IC&E equipment in eastern Iowa. Union Pacific celebrates – Chartered by President Abraham th Lincoln, the Union Pacific Railroad celebrates its 145 Subscribe to future issues at anniversary. www.iowarail.com Manly Terminal gains new alliance – KAG Ethanol Logistics has formed an allegiance with Manly Terminal. Safety News Safety in numbers – An updated safety report shows further improvement in safety statistics. -
May, 1946 J Just Call Him "Van " Appreciative Patrons of the Mil· by Marg Sammons Ure of Poring Over
Milwaukee Road engineer~ are always seeking sOIllething better in design and Illethods. g The application of new techniques produced the HIAWATHAS, first of the Speed liners. For freight service,all-welded, plywood-lined steel box cars were developed that carry heavier pay loads with less dead weight. fJl Milwaukee Road craftsIllen build the best that rolls on rails in the COIllpany's cOIllplete Illanufacturing plant at Milwaukee, Wisconsin. (j[ Milwaukee Road Illen design 'eIll, build 'eIll and roll 'eIll. It's a cOIllbination' that can't he heat. THE ROAD • The Milwaukee M<lJqazin@ * Headlights * Corresponding with 3,000 servicemen "There's no place like home!" was about two hours before the former took would appear to be a stupendous task the frequent plaint of Walter "Jens" the oath down in Texas. Both of them but Warrant Officer Vernon LaHeist of Axness as he struggled through the entered office in 1925. If Mrs. O'Hern San Diego, Calif., doesn't think so. He jungles of Okinawa. Home, in this makes the grade. she will be No.3. enjoys it. Milwaukee Magazine Corre 'case, was Montevideo, Minn., where he headed immediately after his re spondent Agnes Christiansen learned lease from service. A short time • of the amazing correspondence while ago, at work on his new job as yard talking with Machinist Al LaHeist, who clerk, he watched the approach of The following is taken intact from often drops in for a visit with Agnes at a troop train. As one of the cars the April 20, 1946, issue of The the car foreman's office in Council drew abreast he blinked and took a New Yorker, where it appea.red in Bluffs. -
Annelida, Lumbricidae) - Description Based on Morphological and Molecular Data
A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 399: A71–87 new (2014) earthworm species within a controversial genus: Eiseniona gerardoi sp. n... 71 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.399.7273 RESEARCH ARTICLE www.zookeys.org Launched to accelerate biodiversity research A new earthworm species within a controversial genus: Eiseniona gerardoi sp. n. (Annelida, Lumbricidae) - description based on morphological and molecular data Darío J. Díaz Cosín1,†, Marta Novo1,2,‡, Rosa Fernández1,3,§, Daniel Fernández Marchán1,|, Mónica Gutiérrez1,¶ 1 Departamento de Zoología y Antropología Física, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, C/ José Antonio Nováis 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain 2 Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, BIOSI 1, Museum Avenue, Cardiff CF10, 3TL, UK3 Museum of Comparative Zoology, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA † http://zoobank.org/38538B17-F127-4438-9DE2-F9D6C597D044 ‡ http://zoobank.org/79DA5419-91D5-4EAB-BC72-1E46F10C716A § http://zoobank.org/99618966-BB50-4A01-8FA0-7B1CC31686B6 | http://zoobank.org/CAB83B57-ABD1-40D9-B16A-654281D71D58 ¶ http://zoobank.org/E1A7E77A-9CD5-4D67-88A3-C7F65AD6A5BE Corresponding author: Darío J. Díaz Cosín ([email protected]) Academic editor: R. Blakemore | Received 17 February 2014 | Accepted 25 March 2014 | Published 9 April 2014 http://zoobank.org/F5AC3116-E79E-4442-9B26-2765A5243D5E Citation: Cosín DJD, Novo M, Fernández R, Marchán DF, Gutiérrez M (2014) A new earthworm species within a controversial genus: Eiseniona gerardoi sp. n. (Annelida, Lumbricidae) - description based on morphological and molecular data. ZooKeys 399: 71–87. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.399.7273 Abstract The morphological and anatomical simplicity of soil dwelling animals, such as earthworms, has limited the establishment of a robust taxonomy making it sometimes subjective to authors’ criteria. -
Life Cycle and Reproductive Traits of the Earthworm Aporrectodea Trapezoides (Duges, 1828) in Laboratory Cultures
ARTICLE IN PRESS Pedobiologia 53 (2010) 295–299 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Pedobiologia journal homepage: www.elsevier.de/pedobi Life cycle and reproductive traits of the earthworm Aporrectodea trapezoides (Duges, 1828) in laboratory cultures Rosa Ferna´ndez n, Marta Novo, Mo´ nica Gutie´rrez, Ana Almodo´ var, Darı´oJ.Dı´az Cosı´n Departamento de Zoologı´a y Antropologı´aFı´sica, Facultad de Biologı´a, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, C/Jose´ Antonio Novais, 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain article info abstract Article history: The parthenogenetic earthworm Aporrectodea trapezoides (Duges, 1828) is widely distributed all over Received 9 November 2009 the world due to European agricultural practices. In order to provide baseline life cycle data, cocoons Received in revised form were obtained from field-collected individuals and their features and viability, incubation period, 7 January 2010 number of hatchlings and mortality rate were recorded. Singleton and twin earthworms from this first Accepted 23 January 2010 experiment were cultured from hatching during a 490-day period under controlled conditions with biomass, survival, reproductive condition and cocoon production recorded at intervals of 15 days. Keywords: On average, individuals of isolated-reared A. trapezoides reached maturity at day 153 and body weight Earthworm at maturity was approximately 1 g. In order to record reproductive traits and differences between field- Life cycle collected and laboratory-reared individuals, 40 microcosms with an isolated earthworm (20 with field- Parthenogenesis collected individuals and 20 with laboratory-reared ones) and 40 containing groups of three (20 with Aporrectodea trapezoides each type of individual) were maintained during a complete year under controlled conditions. -
Earthworms (Annelida: Oligochaeta) of the Columbia River Basin Assessment Area
United States Department of Agriculture Earthworms (Annelida: Forest Service Pacific Northwest Oligochaeta) of the Research Station United States Columbia River Basin Department of the Interior Bureau of Land Assessment Area Management General Technical Sam James Report PNW-GTR-491 June 2000 Author Sam Jamesis an Associate Professor, Department of Life Sciences, Maharishi University of Management, Fairfield, IA 52557-1056. Earthworms (Annelida: Oligochaeta) of the Columbia River Basin Assessment Area Sam James Interior Columbia Basin Ecosystem Management Project: Scientific Assessment Thomas M. Quigley, Editor U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station Portland, Oregon General Technical Report PNW-GTR-491 June 2000 Preface The Interior Columbia Basin Ecosystem Management Project was initiated by the USDA Forest Service and the USDI Bureau of Land Management to respond to several critical issues including, but not limited to, forest and rangeland health, anadromous fish concerns, terrestrial species viability concerns, and the recent decline in traditional commodity flows. The charter given to the project was to develop a scientifically sound, ecosystem-based strategy for managing the lands of the interior Columbia River basin administered by the USDA Forest Service and the USDI Bureau of Land Management. The Science Integration Team was organized to develop a framework for ecosystem management, an assessment of the socioeconomic biophysical systems in the basin, and an evalua- tion of alternative management strategies. This paper is one in a series of papers developed as back- ground material for the framework, assessment, or evaluation of alternatives. It provides more detail than was possible to disclose directly in the primary documents.