HUMANITARIAN HUMANITARIAN PROGRAMME CYCLE 2020 RESPONSE PLAN ISSUED JANUARY 2020 ETHIOPIA DRAFT V 3.0 1 HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE PLAN 2020 About This document reflects the Ethiopia humanitarian response that is the result of a close partnership of the Government of Ethiopia, in its leadership role, and the international humanitarian community. PHOTO ON COVER Roza Egihile, 24, with her two years ol daughter Dimia Egihile, Megale woreda/ Adu kebele, Afar Region. Photo: UNICEF Ethiopia 2019/Mersha 02 TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents 05 Foreword 48 Part 3: Sectoral Objectives and Responses Overview of Sectoral Response 07 Response Plan Overview Agriculture Response by Strategic Objective Education Needs and Planned Response Emergency Shelter / Non-Food Items HRP Key Figures Food Historic Trends Health Nutrition 14 Crisis Context Protection Water, Sanitation & Hygiene 15 Part 1: Strategic Response Priorities Coordination Enhanced geographical prioritization Humanitarian Consequences Prioritized for Response 78 Part 4: Annexes Strategic Objectives and Response Approach Response Analysis Optional: Use of Multi-Purpose Cash Refugee Response Plan Operational Capacity and Access Costing Methodology Planning figures by Region 39 Part 2: Monitoring and Accountability What if We Fail to Respond? Monitoring How to Contribute Accountability to Affected Populations Acronyms Indicators and Targets End Notes 03 HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE PLAN 2020 HINTALO WAJIRAT WOREDA/TIGRAY, ETHIOPIA Askual, 28, mother of 3, with her 8 months old son Bamlak, Hintalo wajirat woreda, Tigray region Photo: UNICEF Ethiopia/2019/Mersha 04 FOREWORD BY THE COMMISSIONER Foreword by the Commissioner As we start the year 2020, I, on behalf of the Ethiopian Government, would like to renew the commitment I made two years ago at the launch of the 2018 Global Humanitarian Overview to reduce the vulnerability of Ethiopians and turn them into resilient communities able to withstand shocks that we are certain will continue in the foreseeable future. The Durable Solutions Initiative, which we, together with our international partners launched on 6 December, will provide a common operational framework to sustainably address internal displacement in the country moving forward. The immediate focus of the Government of Ethiopia I would also like to take this opportunity to again will be to provide life-saving assistance where call on our development partners to scale up required. Based on findings from the national support to address root causes of humanitarian meher assessment and early warning data, at least crisis. I am confident that through strengthened 6 million people are targeted for food assistance partnership and increased resources for resilience during the year. building programs, we will soon see a gradual decrease in the humanitarian caseload and As always, I, on behalf of my Government, would requirement in Ethiopia. Investing in recovery and like to take this opportunity to thank the continued resilience building is more pertinent than providing support of our international partners. Your support costly humanitarian assistance to millions of has been invaluable to address the still significant people every year. humanitarian need. US$1 billion is now required to address all needs identified in 2020. Let us all work together to make this a reality. H.E. Mr. Mitiku Kassa, National Disaster Risk Management Commission, Commissioner 05 HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE PLAN 2020 Foreword by the Humanitarian Coordinator Similar to 2018, the year 2019 saw positive socio-political developments in Ethiopia. At the same time, the Government of Ethiopia and its humanitarian partners have had to grapple with multiple humanitarian challenges from the effects of political transition and the new experience of broadened political space. Ethiopia experienced positive socio-political Health, Emergency Shelter and Non-Food Items developments in 2019, as in 2018. At the (ESNFI) and Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) same time, the Government of Ethiopia and its sectors were amongst the least funded. humanitarian partners have grappled with multiple Conflict displacement, disease outbreaks, rain humanitarian challenges, including the impact of shortfalls in parts of the country and floods in political transition and the political space it has others will remain key drivers of humanitarian expanded. The humanitarian landscape continued needs in Ethiopia in 2020. As we release this HRP, to be dominated by conflict displacements and Ethiopia is experiencing one of the most severe related humanitarian needs; in April 2019 there desert locust invasions, which is feared might lead were 2.6 million conflict-induced IDPs across to possible livelihood loss and food insecurity if not the country. Climate-related disasters such as soon contained. In total, the 2020 Humanitarian droughts and flooding have also been driving Response Plan seek US$ 1 billion to assist 7 increased humanitarian needs throughout the year, million people. The people of Ethiopia will require in addition to disease outbreaks such as cholera sustained humanitarian support in 2020, while in and measles. parallel they will require increased development Generous donor funding and contributions from the and peacebuilding interventions in order to Government of Ethiopia enabled the mobilization recover from previous crisis, and to mitigate or of life-saving interventions. The 2019 Humanitarian prevent the impact of upcoming hazards. The Response Plan is 76 per cent funded, a remarkable United Nations, financing partners and dozens of achievement. Looking at the sector breakdown non-governmental organizations continue to stand limited funding towards non-food sectors impacted with the country and its people and are committed the response by limiting the geographical area to support Ethiopia at this critical juncture. of coverage and the number of people reached. Dr Catherine Sozi Humanitarian Coordinator in Ethiopia 06 RESPONSE PLAN OVERVIEW Response Plan Overview PEOPLE IN NEED PEOPLE TARGETED REQUIREMENTS (US$) OPERATIONAL PARTNERS 8.4M 7.0M 1.0B 81 OLONCHO VILLAGE/MEKONISA, ETHIOPIA Water point at Oloncho village, Mekonisa kebele. Previously, the community members used to trek for three hours to fetch water. Photo: UNICEF Ethiopia/2018/Nahom Tesfaye In 2020, the Government of Ethiopia and the humanitarian community Since the massive drought of 2015-16, the humanitarian landscape will target 7 million out of the 8.4 million people identified as in has transformed: the modus operandi has shifted from a climate- need of humanitarian assistance, of which 73 per cent have acute induced humanitarian response to a more complex emergency humanitarian needs that must be addressed immediately. The number approach, and the multiplication of conflict and climate affected hot of people targeted in 2020 includes all the 1.78 million IDPs (of which spots has tested the humanitarian system’s capacity to engage in 70 per cent are displaced because of conflict and the remaining 30 multiple, large-scale, and acute shocks, while most people affected per cent because of climate) and 1.01 million returnees which were by previous hazards have not been able to recover. In some areas the identified to be in need in the Humanitarian Needs Overview. superposition of natural and man-made disasters has increased the complexity of the crisis. One of the most difficult challenges was and Based on the challenges of the 2019 humanitarian response, the will remain accelerating developmentt to gradually offer long term and humanitarian community will continue adapting to the dynamic, durable solutions. complex and rapidly evolving national environment in a joint partnership with the Government of Ethiopia. This will require more flexibility and agility in the response supported by robust evidence- based decision making. 07 HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE PLAN 2020 In 2020, the humanitarian operation will focus on four overarching being outcome (SO1), generally prioritize the most vulnerable within strategic objectives (SOs) aimed at responding to the needs of 7 the crisis-affected community, that have exhausted their coping million crisis affected people: (1) reduce morbidity in geographically mechanisms. The activities outlined in the resilience and recovery prioritized areas; (2) provide support to most affected people whose outcome (SO4) will generally prioritize returnees and climate affected living standards and ability to pursue their normal productive and population, while activities under the restoration and living standards social activities and meet their basic needs in an autonomous manner outcome (SO2) will generally prioritize the most vulnerable crisis- have been severely compromised; (3) reach and assist people most affected people in need of access to basic services. It is worth noting adversely affected by critical protection needs; and (4) strengthen that all four Strategic Objectives apply an age, gender and diversity recovery and resilience of most vulnerable people. approach to ensure that all individuals in affected communities have access to humanitarian assistance equally.. Maintaining healthy pipeline for essential commodities such as nutrition, health and ESNFI is critical to timely response. Well-funded Maintaining the highest level of ethical standards in the delivery of pipelines will facilitate rapid response and preparedness including assistance pre-positioning. NDRMC and the Ethiopia Humanitarian Country Team has One of the lessons learned in 2019,