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Fy 2000 Programs and Accomplishments FY 2000 PROGRAMS AND ACCOMPLISHMENTS National Institute of Standards and Technology Technology Administration U. S. Department of Commerce NISTIR 6596 Advancements in Measurement Science Development and application of measurement methods is an integral part of the Polymers Division’s projects. Examples in process monitoring, combinatorial methods and neutron scattering are depicted on the cover. Upper left composite On-line stroboscopic microscopy captures the action of processing additives during the extrusion of polyethylene. The polyethylene is forced under the action of a twin-screw extruder (upper left of photo) through a sapphire tube (bright cube in center) and into the atmosphere (lower right of photo). The microscope objective is visible beneath the sapphire flow tube. Lower Right composite Advances in Process Visualization led to the discovery of “superstrings” in sheared polymer blends. When a blend of polymers droplets in a matrix of a second immiscible polymer is subject to a shearing action between two closely separated plates, there is a massive reorganization of the droplets into large stable strings. Upper right composite Direct visual image of the phase diagram of polystyrene and polyvinyl- methylether obtained by depositing a composition gradient orthogonal to a temperature gradient. Data from conventional measurements are shown as open circles. A special apparatus, shown below the visual phase diagram, was constructed to prepare films with gradient compositions and/or thickness by a computer controlled flow coating procedure. Film thickness and composition contours of dried films are mapped using a spot ellipsometer and infrared spectroscopy, respectively. Lower left composite Scanning electron micrograph and small angle neutron scattering pattern of a 700 nm thick photoresist film with 150 nm lines. Neutron scattering is explored as a method to quantify lithographic patterns of finer size scales in response to metrology needs of the semiconductor industry as it develops higher speed IC chips. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Donald L. Evans, MATERIALS Secretary TECHNOLOGY ADMINISTRATION SCIENCE AND Karen H Brown, Acting Under Secretary of Commerce for Technology ENGINEERING NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY Karen H. Brown, LABORATORY Acting Director T OF C EN OM M M T E R R A C P E E D POLYMERS U N A I C T I E R D E M ST A ATES OF FY 2000 PROGRAMS AND ACCOMPLISHMENTS Eric J. Amis, Chief Bruno M. Fanconi, Deputy NISTIR 6596 January 2001 TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 Technical Activities Accomplishments, Impacts And Recognition Off-Shore Oil Industry Benefits From New Tools for Design of Composite Structures -------------------------- 3 Fluorescence Based Temperature Measurements Impact Industrial Polymer Processing ------------------------- 5 New Tools In The Battle Against The “Sharkskin” Instability In Polymer Extrusion ---------------------------- 7 Polymer Reference Materials for Calibration of Instruments and for Benchmarking ---------------------------- 9 Nitric Acid-Modified N-Phenyliminodiacetic Acid – A Total Self-Etching Primer for Bonding to Tooth Structure ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11 Combinatorial Measurements of Phase Separation and Dewetting in Polymer Films ---------------------------- 13 Structure and Property Measurements of Porous Low-k Dielectric Thin Films ---------------------------------- 15 Polymer Composite Dielectrics Enable Development Of Embedded Decoupling Capacitance Technology For High Speed Electronics ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 17 Projects and Programs Combinatorial Methods -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20 Combinatorial Study of Surface Patterns in Thin Block Copolymer Films -------------------------------------- 21 High-Throughput Measurements of the Film Properties of a Crystalline- Amorphous Polymer Blend ----------- 22 Pattern Formation in the Crystallization of Polymer Blend Films ----------------------------------------------- 23 Polymeric Templates for Combinatorial Assay of Cellular Reception ------------------------------------------- 24 Twin-screw Extrusion of Biocompatible Polymers for Tissue Engineering ------------------------------------- 25 Polymeric Substrates for Laser Capture Microdissection (LCM) ----------------------------------------------- 26 Dental And Medical Materials Program 28 A Moldable, Resorbable, Macroporous, Composite Bone Graft Containing Growth Factor --------------------- 29 Bioactive Polymeric Composites for Mineralized Tissue Regeneration ----------------------------------------- 30 Structure-Property Relationships in Dental Polymers ----------------------------------------------------------- 31 Materials For Microelectronics Program ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 32 Photolithography ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 33 Permittivity of Polymer Films in the Microwave Range -------------------------------------------------------- 34 Characterization of Porous Low-k Dielectric Constant Thin Films --------------------------------------------- 35 Measurement of In-Plane CTE and Modulus of Polymer Thin Films ------------------------------------------- 36 Electronic Paper ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 37 Hygrothermal Expansion of Polymer Thin Films --------------------------------------------------------------- 38 Assembly of IC Chips Using Wafer-Level Underfill ----------------------------------------------------------- 39 Multiphase Polymeric Materials Program ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 40 Constitutive Relationship of Polymer Blends for Process Modeling Needs ------------------------------------- 41 Characterization and Modeling of Interfaces and Interphases of Polymeric Systems ---------------------------- 42 iii Synergistic Interactions Of Polymers With High Surface Area Nanofillers ------------------------------------- 43 Mechanics of Fiber and Nano-Filled Composites -------------------------------------------------------------- 44 Structure-Property Characterization and Modeling ------------------------------------------------------------- 45 Modification of the Phase Stability of Polymer Blends by Filler Additive -------------------------------------- 46 Nanofiller-Induced Suppression of Dewetting in Thin Polymer Films ------------------------------------------ 47 Polymer Characterization Program ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 48 Optical Coherence Tomography for Material Characterization ------------------------------------------------- 49 Advanced Metrology for Surface and Interface Chemical Analysis --------------------------------------------- 50 Molecular Mass Distribution of Polymers by Mass Spectrometry ----------------------------------------------- 51 Standard Test Method Development --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 52 Non-Newtonian Standard Reference Materials for Rheology --------------------------------------------------- 53 Support for the Biomaterials Integrated Products Industries ---------------------------------------------------- 54 Semicrystalline Polymer Structure by Small Angle Scattering -------------------------------------------------- 55 Partitioning of Chain Defects in Isotactic Polypropylene ------------------------------------------------------- 56 Morphology of Ultra-thin Films of Semi-crystalline Polymers by TEM ---------------------------------------- 57 NMR Characterization of Nylon-6/Clay Nanocomposites ------------------------------------------------------ 58 Real-Time Monitoring of Biaxial Stretched Film --------------------------------------------------------------- 59 Extrusion Visualization Facility Sheds Light on Processing ---------------------------------------------------- 60 “Superstring” Structures During Micro-Scale Processing ------------------------------------------------------- 61 Interfaces in Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites ------------------------------------------------------------ 62 Fiber Optic Flow and Cure Sensing for Liquid Composite Molding -------------------------------------------- 63 Publications -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 64 Staff And Organizational Structure Research Staff ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 76 NIST Organization Chart -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 85 MSEL Organization Chart ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 85 Polymers Division Organizational Chart ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 86 Certain commercial materials and equipment are identified in this report in order to specify adequately the experimental procedures. In no case does such identification imply recommendation or endorsement by the National Institute of Standards and technology (NIST) nor does it imply necessarily the best available for the purpose. iv Polymers Division Executive Summary
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