1950 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 1129.7 Commissioner of the Immigration and Nat­ American-flag shipping on the Great Lakes, By Mr. GUILL: uralization Service suspending deportation, and for other purposes; with amendment H.J. Res. 514. Joint resolution creating a as well as a list of the persons involved; to (Rept. No. 2758). Referred to the Com­ bipartisan advisory committee to study agri­ the Committee on the Judiciary. mittee of the Whole House on the State of cultural problems and make recommenda­ the Union. tions for the establishment of a sound farm program; to. the Committee on Rules. REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PUBLIC By Mr. JAVITS: BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PRIVATE H.J. Res. 515. Joint resolution to provide Under clause 2 of rule XIII, reports of BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS for the appointment by the President of a Under clause 2 of rule XIII, reports Mobilization Production Board and a Food committees were delivered to the Clerk Conservation Agency; to the Committee on for printing and reference to the proper of committees were delivered to the Clerk Armed Services. calendar as follows: for printing and reference to the proper Mr. MARCANTONIO: Mr. CANNON: Committee on Appropria­ calendar, as follows: H. Res. 737. Resolution to investigate rent tions. House Joint Resolution 512. Joint Mr. BYRNE of New York: Committee on increases granted by the Office of the Housing resolution making further temporary appro­ the Judiciary. House Resolution 734. Res­ Expediter; to the Committee on Rules. priations for the fiscal year 1951, and, for olution for the relief of Otho F. Hipkins, in­ By Mr. BREHM: other purposes; without amendment (Rept. dividually, and Otho F. Hipkins; Cecil Clyde H. Res. 738. Resolution to authorize the No. 2748). Referred to the Committee of Squier; Conrad Reid; J. Thomas C. Hop­ Committee on House Administration to in­ the Whole House on the State of the Union. kins, Jr.; and Isaiah Lawrence Paxton, as vestigate the subJ:: ct of guides for visitors to Mr. B¥RNE of New York: Committee of trustees of the Hipkins Tract ion Device Co.; the Capitol; to the Committee on Rules. conference. S. 2655. An act for the relief of without amendment (Rept. No. 2755). Re­ Mrs. Evelyn M. Hryniak; without amend­ ferred to the Committee of the Whole House. ment (Rept. No. 2749). Ordered to be PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS printed. PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS ·Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private Mr. BIEMILLER: Committee of confer­ bills and resolutions were introduced and ence. S. 2591. An act to amend the Public Under clause 3 of rule XXII, public Health Service Act to support research and s~verally referred as follows:- training in arthritis and rheumatism, mul­ bills and resolutions were introduced By Mr. BREHM: tiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy, epilepsy and and severally referred as follows: H. R. 9267. A bill for the relief of Kiyoko blindness, and other diseases, and for other By Mr. BENNETT of Florida: Matsuo; to the Committee on the Judiciary. purposes; without amendment (Rept. No. H. R. 9259. A bill to permit members of By Mr. COLE of New York: 2750). Ordered to be printed. the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, H. R. 9268. A bill for the relief o:i: Miss Mr. DOUGHTON: Committee on Ways and Coast Guard, Coast and Geodetic Survey, Florida Giusti; to the Committee on .the Means. S. 3380. A bill to amend the act of and Public Health Service, and their de­ Judiciary. ,/\.ugust 9, 1939, to redefine the term "contra­ pendents, to occupy substandard quarters By Mr. D'EWART: band article" with respect to narcotic drugs, on a rental basis without loss of basic al­ H. R. 9269. A bill authorizing the Secretary and for other purposes; without amendment lowance for quarters; to the Committee on of the Interior to issue a patent in fee to (Rept. No. 2751). Referred to the Commit­ Armed Services. Mabel Monroe Bonds; to the Committee on tee of-the Whole House on the State of the By Mr. FORD: Public Lauds. Union. H. R. 9260. A bill to provide family allow­ By Mr. KLEIN: Mr. DOUGHTON: Committee on Ways and ances for the dependents of enlisted men .ln Means. H. R. 7891. A bill to amend section H. R. 9270. A bill for the relief of Velia the Armed Forces of the United States; to Lucarini; to the Committee on the Judiciary. 3224 (b) of the Internal Revenue Code, re­ the Committee on Armed Services. lating to the transportation of narcotic By Mr. RABAUT: drugs; with amendment (Rept. No. 2752). H. R. 9261. A bill to amend paragraph 1615 PETITIONS, ETC. Referred to the Committee of the Whole (g) of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended; to Under clause 1 of rule XXII, House on the State of the Union." the Committee on Ways and Means. Mr. DOUGHTON: Committee on Ways and 2290. The SPEAKER presented a petition Means. H. R. 8992. A bill to eliminate the By Mr. VINSON: of Hubert M. Harrison, East Texas Chamber additional internal-revenue taxes on coconut H. R. 9262. A bill to provide family allow­ of Commerce, Longview, Tex., "urging the oil coming from the trust territory of the ances for the dependents of enlisted mem­ enactment of legislation which will remove Pacific islands, and for other purposes; with bers of the Armed Forces of the United States, and for other purposes; to the Com­ this cloud on titles to State-owned and pri­ amendment (Rept. ~o. 2753). Referred to vately owned properties and which ·will end the Committee of the Whole House on the mittee on Armed Services. this threat of their being taken without com­ State of the Union. By Mr. McGUIRE: pensation," etc., which was referred to the Mr. BRYSON.._ Committee on the Judiciary. · H. R. 9263. A bill to amend the War Claims Committee on the Judiciary. H. R. 9229. A nm to amend tl;le act of April Act of 1948, as amenjed; to the Committee on 29, 1941, to authorize the waiving of the Interstate and Foreign Commerce. requirement of performance and payment H. R. 9264. A bill to provide for the receipt bonds in connection witll certain Coast and adjudication of the claims of survivors Guard contracts; without amendment (Rept. of members of the Armed Forces of the SENATE · No. 2754). Referred to the Committee of the United States who, as prisoners of war, were Whole House on the State of the Union. megally killed in the l.{orean theater; to the FRIDAY, JULY 28, 1950 Mr. FORAND: Committee on Ways and Committee on Interstate and Foreign Com­ Means. H. R. 3278. A bill to amend section merce. Pennsylvania [Mr. Nagasaki city· council. consent, Mr. DONNELL was excused from MARTIN] is absent on official business. attendance on the sessions of the Senate Mr. Eiji Suzuki, chief, Osaka metro­ The Senator _from Oregon [Mr. politan police bureau. following the conclusion of today's ses­ MORSE] and the Senator from Massa­ sion until Thursday next. Mrs. Suzuki. chusetts [Mr. SALTONSTALL] are neces­ · Mr. Koichiro Murata, chairman, Shiga On his own request, and by unani­ sarily absent. mous consent, Mr. CORDON was excused Prefectural educational board. The VICE PRESIDENT. A quorum is Mr. Taizo Ishizaka, president, Tokyo from attendance on the session of the .pre.sent. Senate for the remainder of the after­ Shibaura Electric Co. join my Diet, who is a member of the Liberal bill valley authori­ that South Parkersburg, W. Va., shall for the all reservation roads, building of concrete purposes of the Seventeenth Decennial Cen­ ties will critically weaken the administration culverts, clearing of land, drainage of swamps and management of the fish and wildlife sus be treated as a part of Parkersburg, and sloughs, planting of trees, building of log W. Va. resources of the United States; and homes, etc. These projects would be bene­ "Whereas we strongly oppose the delega­ REPORT ON LEND-LEASE OPERATIONS­ ficial to the reservation and would also tion of these conservation activities to au­ MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT serve to provide work and subsistence for tonomous agencies responsible only to the the employable that need assistance, and President: Be it The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the further, these projects would not cost much "Resolved, That the Wisconsin S3ciety for Senate the following message from the more than the usual cost of relief during Ornithology record the wholehearted oppo­ President of the United States, which the winter months; be it further sition of its membership to bills H. R. 894 was read, and, with the accompanying Resolved, That copies of this resolution be and S. 1645 in the first session of the Eighty. report, referred to the Committee on sent to the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, first Congress; and that a copy of this reso­ Foreign Relations: Area Director, United States Congressman of lution be sent to our tielegates in the House North Dakota, and the Governor of the State. of Representatives and the Senate." To the Congress of the United States: CERTIFICATION . Respectfully submitted. This is the thirty-first report to Con­ I, the undersigned, secretary of the MAR.Y DONALD, gress on lend-lease operations, for the advisory committee of the Turtle Mountain Secretary. _period ending March 31, 1950, furnished Band of Chippewa Indians, an unincorpo­ DEFENSE PRODUCTION-TELEGRAM FROM in accordance with section 5, subsection rated tribe, hereby certify that the advisory WISCONSUT ASSOCIATION OF REAL committee ls composed of eight (8) mem­ ESTATE BROKERS (b). of the act of March 11, 1941 <55 bers, of whom five consti'.;uting a quorum, Stat. 32; 22 U. S. C., sec. 414 (b)). were present at a meeting thereof duly and Mr. WILEY. Mr. President, we are all The Government of Chile, in February regularly called, noticed, cov~ned, and held aware that the most significant legisla­ 1950, arranged to pay the entire balance this 5th day of June 1950; that the fore­ tion which we are to shortly consider is on its lend-lease, accounts, thus provid­ going resolution was duly adopted at such S. 3936, the Defense Production Act­ ing for settlement in full of its lend-lease meeting by the affirmative vote of five mem­ now being reviewed by our colleagues in obligations. Efforts have been continued bers; and that the said resolution has not been rescinded or amended in any way. the Senate Banking Committee. All to complete the negotiation of settle­ Dated this 5th day of June 1950. those of us who are not members of that ments with the few countries which have HENRY R. LAFOUNTAIN, committee are following its work with not entered into final agreements for Secretary of- the Advisory Committee. closest attention, reviewing all of the lend-lease, and to dispose of various Attest: · elements in the controversy between claims, accounts, and other residual NORBERT DAVIS, those who . contend that the bill goes problems. Chairman of the Advisory Committee. much too far in regimenting our civilian HARRY S. TRUMAN. Recommended for approval: H. BEITZEL, economy and those who complain .that THE WHITE HOUSE, July 28, 1950. c. Superintendent, Turtle Mountain Con­ it does not go far enough. PETITIONS solidated Agency. Already many groups in our popula­ tion have expressed their grave concern Petitions were laid before the Senate CONSERVATION AND VALLEY AUTHORITY to me and to my colleagues that the Ko­ and referred as indicated: LEGISLATION-RESOLUTION OF WIS­ rean emergency, while requiring tre­ By the VICE PRESIDENT: CONSIN SOCIETY FOR ORNITHOLOGY mendous support for our fighting troops, Resolutions adopted by the Townsend Mr. WILEY. Mr. President, I have does not require the type of stringent Clubs of St. Petersburg, and Townsend Club, received this morning a resolution from No. 2, of Orange County, Orlando, both in dictatorial controls such as have been the State of Florida, favoring the enactment the Wisconsin Society for Ornithology recommended by the President. of the so-called Townsend plan, providing rightly opposing valley authority legisla­ My Republican associates and I feel old-age ai::sistance; to the Committee on tion as tending to weaken the adminis­ that the Korean emergency should Finance. tration and management of the fish and definitely not be used as a pretext to slip 1950 C.ONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· SENATE 11305 over on us totalitarian controls which . By Mr. WILLIAMS, from the Committee on H. R. 651. An act for the relief of Lt. Col. may not be necessary. Interstate and Foreign Commerce: Paul E. Queneau; S. 3960. A bill to amend subsection (b) of VOLUNTARY SELF-DISCIPLINE ESSENTIAL H. R. 1749. An act for the relief of the section 10 of the act of June 26, 1884, as town of Mount Desert, Maine; To the greatest extent possible, we amended (U. S. C., title 46, sec. 599 (b)); H. R. 1860. An act for the relief of Kenji want to encourage the voluntary self­ without amendment (Rept. No. 2185). Takumi; discipline and cooperation of our patri­ GENERAL APPROPRIATIONS-REPORT OF H. R. 2401. An act to confer jurisdiction upon the Court of Claims to hear, determine, otic American people-<:ooperation to A COMMITTEE prevent runaway prices. and render judgment upon the claims of the Mr. CHAVEZ, from the Committee on State of California; The real estate profession of my State H. R. 3012. An act for the relief of the Wyo­ has been particularly concerned about Public Works, to which was referred the amendment intended to be proposed by m ing National Bank of Wilkes-Barre; title 4 of S. 3936, which it feels is dis­ H. R. 3314. An act for the relief of the estate criminating against them. As an indi­ Mr. WATKINS (for himself, Mr. McCARRAN, of the late Eulogio Reyes Suarez; cation of its judgment, I ask unanimous and Mr. KERR) to the bill t underst..md. I really cannot un- agreed to the amendment on page 364, Originally the Corps of Engineers wanted 1950 'CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 11309 to build one dam on the Cumberland .developed all through that section in the lowest possible rates to consumers con­ River, near where it empties into the like manner. sistent with sound business principles. Ohio River. ·That would have been a Mr. President, this matter was sub­ (b) Acting pursuant to these directions, rather high dam. There was some ob­ mitted by the Secretary of the Interior, the Secretary of the Interior entered into negotiations with the Tennessee Valley Au­ jection to the building of.-the dam, be­ in a letter dated July 14, to the chair:­ thority for the sale of t h e surplus power cause of some bottom land which might man of the Senate Committee on Public from the Dale Hollow, Cent er Hill, and Wolf be flooded. Thereupon the Corps of Works, the distinguished Senator from Creek projects, and in anticipat ion of this Engineers changed its plan, and decided , ~ew Mexico [Mr. CHAVEZ]. The Secre­ ·sale the Tennessee Valley Aut hority con­ that instead of building the one high tary of the Interior · recommends that structed a transmission line which made dam near the junction of the Ohio and the proposed legislation be approved and possible the sale of Dale Hollow power at the Cumberland Rivers, to build a compara­ ·that the Cumberland· be developed by bus bar and will provide such facilities · as tively low dam there,-and also to build a the other· plants begin operation. This was the TVA. I ask unanimous consent that the most practicable way of disposing of the dam between the Cheatham lock and a copy of his letter may be printed at surplus power to be generated at the Cum­ dam and the dam near the Ohio. Of this point in the RECORD. berland projects in conformity with the re­ course, we do not know whether the There being no objection, the letter quirements above stated, especially since (1) Corps of Engineers· will again change its w.as ordered. to be printed in the RECORD, approximately 70 percent of the Cumberland plans in that regard. as follows: ·River Basin lies within the area now served It is obvious that the $100,000 for the UI:ITED STATES with electricity produced at TVA plants, (2) planning of the dam may never be used, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR, approximately 80 percent of the electric­ power requirements of the Cumberland becam:e the dam may never be built. Washington, D. C., Jul~ 14, 1950. Even if the right to make the decision Hon. DENNIS CHAVEZ, Basin is being supplied by TVA, and (3) in Chairman, Committee on Public Works, its resource development program, which in­ remains with the Corps of Engineers, it United States Senate, Washington, cludes the widespread distribution of power may return to the original plan; because D . C. at low cost to consumers, TVA needs addi­ there is a greater need for electricity. DEAR SENATOR CHAVEZ: This is in response .tional sources of electric power in order to . The one high dam would furnish more to your request for a report on S. 338, Eighty­ supply adequately the growing needs for electricity than· could be developed at first Congress, first session, entitled: "A bill electricity in its existing area, including that the two low dams. to amend the Tennessee Valley Authority Act portion of the service area which lies within There has been quite a change in sen­ of 1933, as amended, so as to include there­ the Cumberland Basin. .timent, in my opinion, among the people under the Cumberland River and Cumber­ Because of the geographic position of TVA's lan·d River Basfo." power sys'tem, both the Department of the of the Cumberland Valley and among I recommend the passage of the bill with Interior and the Tennessee Valley Authority the people of Tennessee and Kentucky the following amendments: considered that the existing Cumberland in regard·to this matter. In my opinion.­ 1. To insert the following language at the projects and any additional projects to be the great majority of the people who are end of section 2 of the bill: constructed in the Cumberland Basin would interested in it wish to have only the one "All reservoir projects constructed, under contribute most e.ffectively. to the purposes high dam built, and they wish to have construction, or authorized to be constructed of the Flood Control Act of 1944, if the entire the Cumberland developed by the Ten­ in the Cumberland River Basin by or on be­ power output of these projects were sold to nessee Valley AuthoritY. half of the United States, and all use, control, the Tennessee Valley Authority and · mar­ and operation 'of such projects, together with keted over its system. Thus, the sale of Mr. President, there is now pending all property, books, papers, data, contracts, power from Dale Hollow, Center Hill, and in the House and also in the Senate a equipment, and unexpended balances of ap­ ·Wolf Creek was intended as the initial step bill for the inclusion of the Cumber­ propriations, appertaining to these projects, in the development of arrangements for the land Basin in the TVA system. The and their appurtenant works, shall be trans­ sale of power by the Department to the TVA. President of the United-States has asked ferred to the corporation, together with such It was contemplated that, as additional proj­ th .. · Tennessee Valley Authority for a ,personI].el. as may be agreeable to the Corpo­ ects would be constructed in the Cumber­ report in regard to the development of rat ion and to the Secretary of the Army." land Basin, the Department and the TVA 2. To strike sections 4 and 5 of the bill. would worlc out such amen dments to the the Cumberland. An interim report has The following is in explanation of these presently negotiated agreement as might be already been submitted; and within the .recommendations: ·required to include the sale of power from next 6 weeks or 2 months we expect the 1. The transfer of the Cumberland Basin such additional projects. final report to be submitted. projects to the Tennesee Valley Authority (c) In conformity with the requirement It is anticipated and generally stated would eliminate unnecessary expense and in­ that the disposition of po,wer shall be such that the TVA will recommer:d that, in­ sure continuity in the operation of the proj­ that the ultimate consumers might benefit stead of building the two low dams, only ects and the sale of low-cost power to ulti­ by the lowest' possible rates "consistent with mate consumers. sound business principles," the Department the one high dam be built, as originally has taken the view that all m atters leading planneci. by the Corps of Engineers. If (a) By prior acts of Congress, eight reser­ voir projects, have been authorized to be up to the disposition of the power be con­ that is done, this $100,000 for planning constructed in the Cumberland River Basin. ducted in accordance with sound business would be utterly wasted, because it would · Of these, one reservoir project (Dale Hollow) principles and practices. Accordingly the represent ·money for plans for a dam has already been constructed and is in op­ negotiations with the TVA were conducted; 'Khich v,ould never be built. . eration; two projects (Center Hill and Wolf so far as practicable, at arms' length, and The reason for the change of attitude Creek) are still under construction; the con­ with due regard to the statutory standards, on the part of the business people and struction of the remaining five projects with the consequent expenditure of such (Three Islands, Stewart's Ferry, Old Hickory, time and effort as would be warranted by a the citizens of this area is that with the transaction involving a sale of power at an industrial development of this section; Carthage, and Celina) has not yet started. Under section 5 of the Flood Control Act of average amount of $3,500,000 per year over with the development of the Arnold air­ 1944 (58 Stat. 887, 890; 16 U. S. C. 825), the a period of 20 years, or a tot al of $70,000,000. engincering development center at Tul­ Secretary of the Interior is authorized and The rates arrived at were based on the full lahoma, on the former site of Camp For­ directed to sell or dispose of "electric power utilization of an unregulated annual stream rest; and the development of other de­ and energy generated at reservoir projects flow; the average of $3,500,000 for the entire fense plants, a great amount of elec­ under the control of the Department of the power output -of the project s, with a total . tricity must be developed on the ·cum- Army and in the opinion of the Secretary of installed capacity of 441,000 ldlowatts, was berl and. The industrialization of that the Army not required in the operation of based upon the normal or average flow as such projects." The statute requires that, . indicated by the long-time st ream-flow section of the country requires more ·in the sale of such surplus power, preference records; and the variations in- the annual electricity, and these defense plants re­ be given to public bodies and cooperatives; payments were based upon deviations from quire adequate amounts of electricity. that the power be sold at rates fixed by the the average stream flow. Prior to t h e execu­ Ev:m Mr. Harry Dyer, who is chair­ Secretary of the Interior, and approved and tion of the contract these rates were in­ man of the Nashville Chamber of Com­ confirmed by the Federal Power Commission, formally submitt ed to the Federal Power merce's Cumberland River committee, which would have regard to the recovery of Commission for confirmat ion and approval, r.nd who formerly favored the building the cost of producing and transmitting such and considerable attention was given to electric energy, including the amortization 1'hese rates by the Federal Power Commis­ of the two low dams by the Corps of En­ of the· investment allocated to power over a sion, as well as by the staff in the Depart­ gi!J.eers, now has made a speech in which reasonable number of years; and that the ment of the Interior. he has said that he favors the inclusion transmission or disposition of the surplus (d) The reason for the informal submis­ of this project. in the Tenness.ee Valley power shall be in such . manner as to en­ sion of the r at es to the Federal Power Com­ Auth0:o: ity system. The sentiment has courage the most widespread use thereof at _mission, and also t h e reason for the delay -in XCVI--712 11310 'CONGRESSIONAL RECORD._.SENATE JULY 28 the execution of the contract between the fore, I recommend that the bill be further Of course, Mr. President, we are look­ TVA and the Department was that the agree­ amended by eliminating section 5 thereof. ing for places where we can economize. ment was conditioned upon a satisfactory I am informed by the Bureau of the arrangement or operating agreement to be Budget that there is no objection to the It is true that the amount which is the entered into between the TVA and the De­ presentation of this report to your com­ subject of the amendment I wish to pro­ partment of the Army for the scheduling mittee. However, the Bureau of the Budget pose is not a comparatively large amount, operations of these projects. This latter also informs me that pending a further but if the Corps of Engineers changes agreement has been completed. Without a report, to be submitted by the Tennessee its mind in regard to whether to build satisfactory operating agreement, the con­ Valley Autl;lority, bringing up to date its one high dam, instead of two low dams, tract for the sale of power would have had previous report on the relationship between then this $100,000 will be wasted. If to be terminated, thus leaving the Depart­ the Tennessee and the Cumberland Rivers ment with a great amount of generating ca­ (H. Doc. No. 107, 79th Cong., 1st sess.), the Cumberland is to be developed by pacity to be disposed of otherwise, and leav­ it is not in a position to inform me the Tennessee Valley Authority-in ing the TV A with a costly transmission line, on the relationship of the proposed legisla­ other words, if the bill which we ·hope but without the power and energy to be tion to the program of the President. will be brought up at the next session transmitted from these projects. Sincerely yours, · is passed-this $100,000 will be w:.:.sted, ( e) In the last analysis, all the work done OSCAR L. CHAPMAN, thrown away, and I do not want to throw by the Department of the Army, the Depart­ Secretary of the Interior. away $100,000 of the taxpayers' money ment of the Interior, the Federal Power Com­ if mission, and the TVA in the sale or disposi­ Mr. KEFAUVER. Mr. President, the I can prevent it. tion of the surplus power from the Cumber­ report of the Secretary of the Interior This item was not included in the bill land projects, centered about a bookkeeping points out.that at least 70 percent of the by the House of Representatives. So transaction, in. which the United States, area of the Cumberland Basin is served far as I can find from the testimony, the through one of its agencies, generates power by the TVA; that the electricity is sold by Corps of Engineers have not said they which is turned over to a second agency the Corps of Engineers at the bus bar need this slim, or at least have not urged Which delivers the power to a third agency to the Department of the Interior; and the appropriation of ~ny money for the at rates to be approved by a fourth agency, planning of .the Dover Dam. which power is to be accounted for by tne that t~ Department of the Interior, in third to the second agency, and by the sec­ turn, negotiates with the TV A for the The President has asked all the agen­ ond to a fifth agency, the Treasury of the sale of the power. So the negotiations cies involved to submit a report in the United States. All this labor and consequent go thr01.igh that circuitous and wasteful interest of the orderly development of expense would have been avoided, and any route. the Cumberland to assure that the water future labor and expense will be avoided, if The Secretary of the Interior points power potential of the Cumberland, par­ the power from the Cumberland projec~s is out-and it is quite generally conceded­ ticularly in respect to the development made available to the TVA to be accounted of hydroelectric power, is made available for in accordance with the provisions of the that in operations for flood-control pur­ TVA Act. poses, ahd for the development of the most fully for the greatest benefit of (f) It is the view of this Department that greatest possible amount of electricity, that area and of the Nation. - further economies and greater benefits can these two river basins should be operated Therefore, Mr. President, it seems to be effected, if not only the surplus power but as a unit. Water can be stored for flood­ me that mY motion for the reconsider­ also the projects were turned over to the control purposes in the Cumberland ation of the vote by which the commit­ Tennessee Valley Authority, especially since Basin at the same time that water is tee amendment on page 364 in line 2 this agency is in a position and is qualified was adopted should be agreed to, and to operate the projects for navigation and needed for hydroelectric purposes in the flood control, as well as for power purposes, Tennessee Basin. As both these rivers that the item of $100,000 should be elim­ under the policies of the TVA Act which are are in the same electrical system, more inated and not subject to the risk of fully adequate to prot~ct the public interest. prime power can be produced if both wanton waste. If this is done there will be no division of rivers are operated as a unit. Mr. KEM. Mr. President, will the authority between the TVA and the Army, The elimination of this $100,000 wo.uld Senator yield? and no need for operating agreements the not decide the issue as to which agency The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the requirements for which may from time to will have charge of the further develop­ Senator from Tennessee yield to the time introduce uncertainty concerning the Senator from Missouri? success of the entire undertaking. In addi­ ment of the Cumberland. The Eighty­ tion, the people of the Cumberland River second Congress will have to decide that Mr. KEFAUVER. I yield. Basin would be in a position to benefit question on the merits of and in line Mr. KEM. Does the Senator have in from all the activities of the TVA in the with the recommendations of the various mind extending the jurisdiction of TVA same manner as the people in the basin of agencies. to the Cumberland Valley? Is that the the Tennessee River and its tributaries. All that the amendment which I pro:­ plan favored by the Senator? (g) The transfer of these projects to the pose to o:fier would do would be to defer Mr. KEFAUVER. That is the purpose TVA is undoubtedly intended by this bill of my bill which is now pending before (S. 338). I recommend, however, that this the spending of this $100,000 for plan­ intention be expressly stated, and therefore ning until the next appropriation bill the Public Works Committee. suggest the above stated amendment to sec­ comes along, by which time we hope this Mr. KEM. And is that the purpose tion 2, although upon the enactment of this issue will be decided. of the Senator's motion? provision without the suggested amendment, Mr. President, I find that this item of Mr. KEFAUVER. No. The purpose the President may, under section 7 (b) of $100,000 was not included in the bill as of the motion is to defer this $100,000 the Tennessee Valley Authority Act of. 1933, it was passed by the House of Repre­ for planning until the next session of as amended (48 Stat. 63J 16 U. S. C. 831f) Congress, when it can be brought up in exercises his authority to transfer this prop­ sentatives. It is true that it is covered erty to the corporation. in the table which appears on page 237 the next appropriation bill, to give Con­ 2. It is not necessary to increase the of the report made by the Appropriations gress an opportunity to decide how it board from three to five members, and there Committee to the Senate. However, in wants the Cumberland developed. This is no need for a saving clause in this bill. examining the testimony which has been is no decision, one way or other, on how (a) I believe that the functions and under­ presented to the Appropriations Com­ it is going to be developed in my motion. takings of the corporation have been carried mittee, I find that even the representa­ Mr. KEM. But the extension of the out in a most commendable and efficient jurisdiction of TVA to the Cumberland manner by the three-man board of directors. tive of the Corps of Engineers, when. he I do not see that anything would be gained by­ appeared b~fore the committee, failed to Valley is the ultimate objective which an increase of the board by two additional request the money for the planning of the Senator has in mind, is it not? members. Therefore I suggest that section the Dover Dam at this time. Colonel Mr. KEFAUVER. There is such a bill 4 of the bill be eliminated. Potter testified before the committee, pending. The objective we have in (b) An examination of the bill suggests but he did not refer to the Dover Lock mind now is to see that the Cumberland that there is no likelihood of any substan­ and Dam or to the $100,000 here involved. is properly developed. The TVA does tial constitutional questions arising out of So it appears that even the Corps of not want the job particularly; its direc­ this enactment, and therefore there is no need of a saving clause. This is especially Engineers would not be greatly upset if tors have not asked for it. Our first ob­ so, since this bill would merely amend the this matter were deferred until this jective is to see that the Cumberland is Tennessee Valley Authority Act of 1933, as larger issue can be determined. Colonel developed prop.erly. The Corps of En­ amended, and the provisions would become Potter's testimony is to be found at page gineers originally in its plan did not part of the more comprehensive statute 770 of the report on the civil. functions want tQ build this project. It wanted to which already has a saving clause. There- approp.riations, Department of the Army. build only one dam, to be located near 1950 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· SENATE 11311 the point at which the Cumberland Mr. THOMAS of Oklahoma. I offer tee amendment is agreed to, and with- _ empties into the Ohio. It has changed an amendment to the first committee out objection, the committee amend­ its plans. .amendment, on page 374, and ask that ment, as amended, is agreed to. In view of the great need of and in­ the amendment be stated. The clerk will state the next commit­ creased demand for electricity, it is en­ The PRESIDING OFFICER. The tee amendment. tirely reasonable that they may again clerk will state the committee amend­ The next amendment was, on page 375, change their plans. In any event, if ment. line 11, after the word "conclusive", to either that contingency happens or if it The CHIEF CLERK. On page 374, line strike out "$3,000,000" and insert "$3,- were turned over to the TV A, this money 19, after the word "diem", the commit­ 500,000." would of course be wasted. I can see tee proposes to insert ''and contracts The amendment was agreed to. no harm to be done by delaying the plan­ with not to exceed 23 such individuals ning of this dam or by delaying the ap­ may be renewed for 1 year." FURTHER TEMPORARY APPROPRIATIONS, propriation of money for the dam, until The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the 1951 the next appropriation bill. Senator from Oklahoma desire to offer Mr. McKELLAR. Mr. President, as Mr. DOUGLAS. Mr. President, will an amendment to that committee we all know, the pending appropriation the Senator yield? amendment? bill cannot become the law by the 1st The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does Mr. THOMAS of Oklahoma. I offer of August. We have already had to pass the Senator from Tennessee yield to the a clarifying amendment to the commit­ a continuing joint resolution in order to Senator from Illinoi1::? tee amendment on page 374, line 19, keep the Government going during the Mr. KEFAUVER. I yield. which I send to the desk. month of July. The House has passed Mr. DOUGLAS. Is it not true that The PRESIDING OFFICER. The a further continuing joint resolution for as a general policy the Corps of Army clerk will state the amendment. the month of August, and yesterday it Engineers in building dams tends to The CHIEF CLERK. On page 374, line was referred to the Senate Committee favor low dams which do not generate 20, it is proposed to strike out "such in­ on Appropriations, which today ordered much power? dividuals" and fnsert "temporary or it reported. From the Committee on Mr. KEFAUVER. That, I understand, · part-time e'mployees." Appropriations, I report favorably, with­ has been the general policy in the past. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The out amendment, the joint resolution

381, line 23, after the word "personnel", Mll.ITARY CCNS'l'RUCTION~ ARMY The amendment was agreed to. to strike out "$75,000,000" and insert For construction, instanation, and equip­ The next amendment was, on page "$76,500,000." ment of tem~rary or permanent public 405, line 12, after "Office of the Judge The amendment was agreed to. works, military installations, and facilities Advocate General", to strike out "$577,- The next amendment was. under the for the Army, as authorized by the. act of 100" and insert "$595,375." subhead "Finance Servi~e." on page 382, June 1'7, 1950 (Public Law 564, 8lst Cong.), The amendment was agreed to. line 22, after "(61 Stat. 493)'', to wi!;hout regard to sections '.U 36 and 3734, The next amendment was, on page Revised Statutes, as amended, including hire strike out "$28,410,000" and insert of passenger motor v_ehicles; $25,318,585, to 405, line 14, after "Office of the Chief of "$29,000,000." remain available until expended: Provided, Finance", to strike out .. $1,437 ,800" and The amendment was agreed to. That not to exceed $661,400 of the funds ap­ insert "$1,483,202." The next amendment was, under the propriated under this head in the Military The amendment was agreed to. subhead "Quartermaster Corps-Quar­ Functions Appropriations Act, 19.49, are here­ The next amendment was, on page termaster Service, Army-Welfare of en­ by made available_ for construction author­ 405, line 15, after "Office of the Quarter­ listed men," on page 383, line 16, after i ~~ d l:y the act of October 27, 1949 (Public master General", to strike out "$6,767,- the word "personnel", to strike out Law 414). 400" and insert "$6,981,504." "$8,000,000" and insert "$8,362.500." The aniendment was agreed to. The amendment was agreed to. The amendment was agreed to. The next amendment was, under the The next amendment was, on page 405, The next amendment was, under the subhead "Ordnance Department-ord­ line 17, after "Office of the Chief of subhead "Subsistence of the Army," on nance Service and supplies, Army," on Transportation", to strike out "$2,850,- page 385, line 6, after the word "prices", page 395, line 8, after the word "Office", 000" and insert u$2,940,000." to insert "and without· unduly increas­ to strike out "$621,559·,000" and insert The amendment was agreed to. ing future United States market prices"; "$647,327,00.0." The next amendment was, on page and in line 9, after the word "of", to The amendment was agreed to. 405, line 19, after "Office of the Chief insert "highly." The next amendment was, under the Signal Officer", to strike or;t .. $2,379,600" The amendment was agreed to. subhead "Chemical Corps-Chemical and insert "$2,455,821." The next amendment was, under the Service,. Army," on page 396, line 10, The amendment was agreed to. subhead "Regular Supplies of the Army," after the word "ranges", to strike out The next amendment was, on page on page 386, line 5, after the word "irri­ "$36,000,000" and insert "$37.300,000." 405, line 21, after "Office of Chief of Spe­ . gation", to strike out "$100,000,000" and The amendment was agreed to. cial Services", to strike out "$56,800" and insert "$107,247,258." The hext amendment was, under the· insert "$58,636." The amendment was agreed to. subhead "Anny .training," on page 396, The amendment was agreed to. The next amendment was, under the line 21, after the word "for", to strike The next amendment was, on page subhead "Clothing and. equipage," on · out "$7:930,000" and insert "$7,830,000." 405, line 22, after "Office of the Provost page 387, line 8, aft.er the word "intern­ The amendment was agreed to. . Marshal General", to strike out "$112, ment", to strike out "$90,000,000" and The next amendment was, un'1er the 500" and insert "$116,038." insert "$93,853,365." subhead "United States Military Acad­ The amendment was agreed to. emy-Maintenance and operation," on The amendment was agreed to; The next amendment was, under the page 398, line 4, after the words "in ali", The next amendment was, on page 405, line 24, after "Office of the Surgeon subhead ~'Incidental expenses of the to strike out "$5,200,000" and insert Army," on page 388, line 3, after the "$5,120,000." . General", to strike out "$2,400,000" and $2,475,873." word "sites", to strike out "$95,000,000" The amendment was agreed to. insert and insert "$101,998,313." The next amendment was. under the The amendment was agreed to. The amendment was agreed to. subhead "Civilian components-Army The next amendment was, on page 405, The next amendment was, under the National Guard," on page 400, line 3, line 25, after "Otlice of Chief of Engi­ subhead "Transportation Corps-Trans­ after the word "supplies", to strike out neers", to strike out "$3,636,200" and in­ portation Service, Army," on page 388, "$212,400,000" and insert "$210,500,000." sert "$3,751,026." line 17, after the word "activities.", to The amendment was agreed to. · The amendment was agreed to. strike out "$290,000;000" and insert The next amendment ,was, under -the The next amendment was, on page 4t: 6, "$289,960,000." subhead "Organized Reserves," on page line 1, after "Office of Chief of Ord- •· The amendment was agreed to. 401. line 11, after the word "stocks", to nance", to strike out "$3,776,400" and The next amendment was, under the strike out . "$115,000,000.'' anp insert insert "$4,137,696." subhead "Signal Corps-Signal Service "$114.525,000." The amendment was agreed to. of the Army," on page 391, line 3, after The amendment was agreed to. The next amendment was, on page 406, the word "thereof", to strike out The next amendment was, under the line 2, after "Office of ·chief, Chemical $157,500,000" and insert "$158,248,000." subhead "Army Reserve Officers' Train­ Corps", to strike out "$792,700" and in­ . sert "$817,707.'' The amendment was agreed to. ing Corps,". on page 402, line 141 after The next amendment was, under the the numerals "1952", to strike out "$25,- The amendment was agreed to. subhead "Medical Department--Medical 000,000" and insert "$24,900,000." The next amendment was, on page 406, and Hospital Department," on page 392, The amendment was agreed to. line 3, after "Office of Chief of line 19, after the word "institutions", to The next amendment was, under the Chaplains", to strike out "$131,100" and strike out "$54,913,000" and insert · ~ $54,- subhead "Departmental salaries and· ex­ insert "$128.,478." 883,000." penses-Salaries, Department of the The amendment was agreed to. The amendment was agreed to. Army," on page 405, line 8, after the . The next amendment was, under the The next amendment was, under the word "services", to strike out "$3,265,- subhead "Contingent expenses, Depart­ ; ···)head "Corps of Engineers-Engineer 000" and insert "$3,368,271." ment of the Army," on page 406, line 6, Service, Army," on page 393, line 20, The amendment was agreed to. after "government", to strike out after the word "for" to strike out "$300.- The next amendment was, on page "$9,000,000" and insert "$9,970,000." 176,000" and i~ert "$304,187,500"; and 405, line 9, after "Office of Chief of Staff", Th,e amendment was agreed to. in the same line, after the amendment to strike out "$6,354,700" and insert The next amendment was, under the just above stated, to insert a colon and "$6,576,293." heading "Title IV-Department of the the following proviso: "Provided, That The amendment was agreed to. Navy-Navy Personnel, general ex­ the sum of $2,000,000 of the appropria­ The next amendment was, on page penses," on page 407, line 24, after the tion 'Engineer Service, Army,' fiscal year 405, line H>, after "Adjutant General's word "salaries", to strike out "$60,000,- 1947, shall remain available until June Office", to strike out "$9,477,400" and in­ 000" and insert "$60,533,000." 30, 1951, for the payment of obligations sert "$9,777,200." The amendment was agreed -to. incurred. under contracts executed. there­ The amendment was agreed to. The next amendment was, under the under plior to July l, 1947." The next amendment was, on page subhead "Milftary personnel, Marine The amendment was agreed to. 405, line 11, after "Office of Inspector Corps," on page 408, line 8, after the 1950 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 11313 word "training", to strike out "$200,301,- ieth Congress authorized the Navy to The amendment to the amendment 700" and insert "$200,923,000." construct two storehouses at a cost of was agreed to. The amendment was agreed to. $6,000,000. The first increment of $1,- The amendment as amended was The next amendment was, under the 300,000 has been appropriated. Since agreed to. subhead ''Marine Corps troops and fa­ then it has been determined that sur­ Mr. THOMAS of Oklahoma. Mr. cilities," on page 409, line 6, after the plus Army transit sheds could be con­ Presid(nt, the effect of the two amend­ word "salaries", to strike out "$80,699,- verted to provide the needed storehouses. ments to the committee amendments 000" and insert "$82,354,000." The Facilities Review Board and the just agreed to is to reduce the appro­ The amendment was agreed to. Comptroller General indicated that ad­ priations for service-wide operations by The next amendment was, unqer the ditional authorization would be required $1,000,000, and to increase the appro­ subhead "Aircraft and facilities," on fo: the Navy to utilize its funds for the priations for island governments by the page 409, line 17, after the word "sala­ conversion of the sheds. The amend­ same amount. ries", to strike out "$536,226,000" and ment would do this. The Navy esti­ The PRESIDING OFFICER. The next insert "$532,226,000." mates that the $1,300,000 al1'.'eady appro­ committee amendment will be stated .. The amendment was agreed to. · priated would be sufficient to take care The next amendment was, under the The next amendment was, under the of the entire matter, making a saving heading "Title V-Department of the Air subhead "Ships and facilities," on page of $4,500,000 in estimated costs. Force-Acquisition and construction of 411, line 14, after the word "salaries", to The· PRESIDING OFFICE~. The real property," on page ~19, after line 12, strike out "$415,282,COO" and insert question is on agreeing to the amend­ to strike out: '"$411,782,000." ment offered by the Senator from Okla­ For liquidation of obligations. incurred The amendment was agreed to. homa to the committee amendment. pursuant to authority granted under this The next amendment was, under the The amendment to the amendment head in the "Second Supplemental Appro­ subhead "Ordnance and facilities," on was agreed to. priation Act, 1950," or authorized to be trans­ page 412, line 16, after the word "sala­ The PRESIDING OFFICER. The ferred to this head by the "National Military ries", to strike out "$177,088,000" and question recurs on the committee Establishment Appropriation Act, 1950," to insert "$181,665,000.', amendment, as amended. remain available until expended, $25,000,000. The .amendment was agreed to. The amendment, as amended, was The amendment was agreed to. The next amendment was, under the af;reed to. The next amendment was, on page 419, subhead "Medical care,'' on page 413, The PRESIDING OFFICER. The after line 18, to insert: line 24, after the word "salaries", to clerk will state the next amendment. For construction, klstallation, and equip­ strike out "$38,212,000" and insert The next amendment was, under the ment of temporary or permanent public "$37,862,000.', subhead "Research," on page 415, lihe 11, works, military installations, and facilities The amendment was agreed to. after the word "expended", to strike out for the Air Force, as authorized by the act The next amendment was, under the "$43,383,000" and insert "$43,083,000,,, of March 30, 1949 (Public Law 30, 8lst Cong.), subhe-ad "Civil engineering," on page the act of October 27, 1949 (Public Law 415, The amendment was agreed to. 8lst Cong.), the act of May 11, 1949 (Public 414, line 10, after the word "salaries'', to The next amendment was, under the strike out "$35,178,000" and insert Law 60, 8lst Cong.), and the act of June 17, subhead "Service-wide supply and fi­ 1950 (Public Law 564, 81st Cong.), without "$34,778,000." nance," on page 416, line 8, after the regard to sections 1136 and 3734, Revised The amendment was agreed to. word "salaries", to strike out "$200,000,- Statutes, as amended, including hire of pas­ The next amendment was, ori page 000" and insert "$209,292,000." senger motor vehicles, to remain available 414, after line 11, to insert: The amendment was agreed to. until expended, $164,784,000, of which PUBLIC WORKS The next amendment was, under the $25,000,000 is for liquidation of obligations For construction, installation, and equip­ subhead "Service-wide operations,', on incurred pursuant to authority granted un­ ment of temporary or permanent public der this head in the Second Supplemental page 417, line 1, after the word "salaries", Appropriation Act, 1950, or authorized to be works, naval installations, and facilities for to strike out "$94,261,000" and insert the Navy, as authorized by the act of June transferred to this head by the National 16, 1948 ( 62 Stat. 459) , and the act of June "$1Q0,281 ,000.'' Military Establishment Appropriation Act, 17, 1950 (Public Law 564, 81st Cong.); major Mr. THOMAS of Oklahoma. Mr. 1950. repairs and imprbvements to the Davisville President, to the committee amendment The amendment was agreed to. pier, Naval Base, Newport, R. I.; furniture I offer the amendment which I send to The next amendment was, under the for public quarters; personnel in the Bureau the desk and ask to have stated, and I subhead "Maintenance and operations," of Yards and Docks and other personal serv­ also have an amendment to offer to the ices necessary for the purposes of this ap­ next committee amendment. After on page 422, line 4, after the word "other­ propriation; and engineering and architec­ action on .the amendments I shall ex­ wise", to strike out "$1,010,000,000" and tural services as authorized by section 3 of insert "$1,027,662,000." the act of April 25, 1939 (34 U. S. C. 556); plain their effect. $62,928,000, to remain available until ex­ The PRESIDING OFFICER. The The amendment was agreed to. pended. clerk will state the amendment offered The next amendment was, under the by the ·Senator from Oklahoma to the subhead "Air National Guard," on page Mr. THOMAS of Oklahoma. Mr. amendment. 426, line 16, after the word "owned", to President, to the committee amendment insert "or State-owned"; in line 17, after I off er the amendment which I send to The LEGISLATIVE CLERK. On page 417, thw the budget. I have when that chapter is. up for considera­ der such a ruie and yet Senators. would not :firi.ished these efforts t<> make selec­ tion. Thus, the Senators from the still have the right Q-f fnee- and unlim­ tive cuts. I will have a great many more farming States were. present in large ited debate. proposals before we finish this. bi:ll. -.And numbers when the appi:upriations for Finally-and I sa-:y: this with timidity­ yet almost every time I start to apply the J!)eparrtment of Agriculture, chapter ! have come to s~peet· that those who the- knife, sharp and delicate though it VI, came up and overwhelmingly de­ urge the supel!iE>rity O'f selective cuts is, the Sena.te has gently but no les& de-fi­ feated my proposal to reduce these ap­ to the meat-ax method of genernl cuts nitely placed a sheath over the blade. propriations. I was similarly bowled tend to lose some of their enthasiasm for "Put that thing down," they say, "you're over as I tried to reduce specifiC' items for tlne selective method when it is actually liable to hurt somebody:• roads by $100:~000,000 in this time of great employed. Th-e suS]licion oeeurs to me First, may I say that I blame myself stress. Similarly, when the appropria­ also that possibly one reasan why some most of all for my failure to get the Sen­ tions for the Imterior Department, chap­ SenatoFs pr.efer the me-th0d of general ate to accept the many selective cuts ter VII, were under consideration and cuts is- because if they vo.te for specific which I have proposed. The cause, I I tried to cut $90,000,000 for :reelaimation cuts.. they incur the wrath of special think, has been £. good one but there has and reduce other items, I saw large num­ interest groups while if they vote fr apparently been something in my man­ bers of Senators on the floor from the general cuts, they get popular credit ner and methods whie-h has off.ended mountain and semiarid States who natu­ for standing for eecmomy and thus com­ many of my colleagues. If I have shown rally resisted these cut&. When the pel the President and the executive de­ any smug self-righteousness, may I as­ rivers and harbors section, chapter IX, partments to bear the popular oppro­ sure the Senat.e that it was unintenti-0nal which is e1:1phoniously: teferred to as the brilllm of making_the specific economies 1950 . CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 11315 - to carry out the broad· sweeping and in­ I hope.that my colleagues· and the pub;. · proposed, their· amounts, and references definite reductions of 10 · percent, 15 lie ·will pardon me. to their explanations. · ·. percent, or ·20 percent, for which the I ask unanimous consent to insert in There being no objection, the·list was swingers of the meat nx have ·voted. the RECORD at this point a list of the ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as If I am uncharitable i!l. these surmises, proposals for reductions which I have · follows: · Itemized reductions in omnibus appropriations bill (H.B. 7786) proposed by Senator Douglas

Proposed reduction -For reasons Appropriation Amount voted Am'ountin Buciget esti· 1------1 see CONGRES· Department, agency, and purpose offunds for fi~~~~ year by House · Senate bill mate SIONAL REC· Bc-lobi~enate Belo_w budget ORD, p. No. -

Legislative branch: New Senate Office Bldg: ______None None $10, 000, 000 $10, 000, 000 $10, 000, 000 $10, 000, 000 10096 Department of State: Salaries and expenses ... ------·--·----·------­ $78, 152, 000 $77, 300, 000 78, 300, 000 78, 731, 000 1, 000, 000 1, 431, 000 (1) Institute of Inter-American Affairs: Expenses: . Cash. ______._ ...... _.·------·------4, 751, 600 5, 500, 000 5, 000, 000 6, 500, 000 500, oco 2, 000, 000 10221 Contract.authorization ••• ------· None None 7, 000, 000 14,000, 000 2, OOQ, COO 9, 000, 000 10221 Department of Commerce: · Civil Aeronautics Administration: Salaries, expenses ••• £4, 402, 000 97, 000; 000 99, 775, 000 104, 250, 000 2, 771:, 000 7, 250, 000 10222 Civil Aeronautics Board ______3, 620, 500 3, 400, 000 4, 000, 000 4, 323, 000 eoo, ooo 923, 000 10223 Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce: Salaries and experise.s. __ ---- ~ ------·------~------4, 923, 500 5, 000, 000 5, 300, 000 5, 620, coo 300, 000 620, 000 10224 Field 0 ffice Service .... ______... _------______2, 079, 500 2, 050, 000 2, 155, 000 2, 155, 000 105, 000 105, 000 10224 Patent Office: Salaries and expenses .. ______10, 825, 000 11, 300, 000 11, 530, 000 11, 760, 000 230, 000 460, 000 10224 Bureau of Public Roads: Postwar highways ______385, 000, 000 <:05, 000, 000 3&5, 000, 000 426, 000, 000 100, 000, 000 141, 000, coo 10225 Weather Bureau: Salaries and expenses .. ------24, 179, 000 24, 447, 000 24, 897, 000 26, 100, 000 450, 000 1, 653, 000 10234 Department of Treasury: Office of Administrative Services: Salaries ______1, 150, 000 1, 160, 000 1, 207, 000 1, 207, 000 47, 000 47, 000 10298 Bureau of Accounts: Salaries and expenses ______1, 725, 000 1, 875, 000 2, 029, 000 2,029,000 154, 000 334, 000 10299 Bureau of Customs: Salaries and expenses ______35, 150, 000 36, 500, 000 36, 806, 360 36, 973, 000 306,3f-O 473, 300 10299 ·Bureau of Narcotics: Salaries and expenses.------­ 1, 610, 000 1, 750,000 1, 908, 000 1, 933, 000 158, 000 183, 000 10299 Bureau of Engraving and Printing: Salaries and ex- penses ...... 15, 660, coo 15, 500, coo 16, 835, coo 16, 935, coo 1,335, 000 l, 435, coo 10300 Reconstruction Finance Corporation: Salaries and ex- penses ...... 25, 775, coo 26, 000, 000 26, 700, coo Zl, 100, 000 6, 700, 000 7, 100, 000 10323 Federal Security Agency, Office of Education: Salaries and expenses .. --~------...... 1, 900, 000 1, 900, 000 2, 023, 420 2, 163, coo 123, 420 268, 600 11012 Public Health Service, Hospital Construction Service: Salaries and expenses ...... 1, 132, 257 1, 357, 000 2, 107, 000 2,807, 000 750, 000 1, 41i0, 000 11013 Bur~:i~ of Federal Credit Union: General fund appro- pnat10n . _. __ __ ...... ______. _...... -----______200, coo 200, 000 300, 000 375, 000 100, 000 175, 000 11013 General Counsel: Salaries and expenses ______455, 068 511, 100 535.100 567, 100 24, 000 56, 000 11014 Department of Agriculture: · Bureau of Agriculture Economics (economy investiga- tion)._.------2, 621, coo . 2, 600, 000 2, 720, 000 2, 915, 600 120, coo 315, 600 10534 C.rop and livestock estimate and data ou farm construe· tion ...... ------2, 817, 900 2, 725, 000 2. 904, 000 3, 378, 000 179, 000 653, 000 10531 Bureau of Human Nutrition and Home Economics: Salaries and expenses ...... ------1, 749, 200 l, 500, 000 1, 763, 200 2, 217, 200 263, 200 717, 200 10536 Bureau of Animal Husbandry: Salaries and expenses ••. 2, 248, 200 2, 250, 000 2, 319, 000 2, 519, 700 69, 000 269, 700 10536 Bureau of Dairy Industry------1, 613, 300 1, 600, 000 1, 735, 000 1, 899, 300 135, 000 299, :;oo 1053!3 Bureau of Agriculture and Industrial Chemistry ______8, 395, 625 7, 750, 000 8, 500, 000 8, 818, 800 750, 000 I, 068, 800 10539 Forest development: Roads and trails ______10, 348, 000 10, 348, 000 12, 000, 000 12, 465, 000 6, 000, coo 6, 465, 000 10541 Flood control.. ______• _____ .------____ .---- 9, 500, 000 10, 750, coo . 9, 880, 000 11, 700, 000 1, 000, 000 2, 820, 000 10541 Sugar Act.._. ______. __ ~ __ ..... --. ____ ; ______co, 000, 000 60, 000, 000 63, 750, 000 67, 500, 000 3, 750, 000 7, 500, 000 10542 Bureau of Plant Industry: Field crops ....· ------­ 3, 446, EOO 3, 400, 000 3, 475, !!DO 3, 638, 300 75, 000 238, 300 10539 Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine: Insect and plant disease control. ______4, 651, 000 4, 1&5, 900 4, 651, 000 4, 752, 000 465, 100 566, 100 (1) Forest Service: Protection and management...... ___ _ :<6, 300, 000 26, 890, 000 29, 320, 50,0 30, 270, 500 2, 430, 500 3, 380, 5CO (1) Forest Service: Acquisition ofland ______401, coo JOO, 000 401, 000 700, 000 301, 000 600, 000 (1) Marketing Service: Newsservice ______1, 900, 000 2, 050, 000 2, 187, 000 2, 274, 300 137, 000 224, 300 (1) Federal Crop Insurance Corporation: Operating and administrative expenses._ ------­ 5, 054, 000 6, &54, coo 7, 204, coo 'I, 450, 000 350, 000 fS6, OCO (1) Commodity Credit Corporation: Administrative ex· pcnses .. ______.. ______.______15, 000, 000 16, 000, oco 16, 350, 000 16, 750, 000 350, 000 750, 000 (1) Farmers Home Administration: Salaries and expenses .• 26, 149, 000 27, 700, 000 29, 000, 000 . 30, 000, 000 1, 300, 000 2, 300, 000 110547 Office of Solicitor------2, 364, 000 2, 450, coo 2, 675, 000 3, 070, 000 225, 000 620, 000 10549 Department of Interior: ' Bureau of Land Management: Management of.land.••• 6, 215, 200 6, 756, 800 7, 127, 810 8, 650,000 371, 010 1, 893, 200 10665 Construction._. ___ .. ______. _____ ------.------2 200, 000 600,000 800,000 11, 000, 000 200,000 3 200, 000 10666 Bureau of Indian Affairs: Welfare ______32, 535, 906 37, 929,000 40, 252, 328 40, 483, 975 2,323,328 2, 554, 975 10667 Bureau of Reclamation: General investigations ______4, 950,000 5, 150,000 6, liOO, 000 7, 800, 000 2, 150, 000 3, 500, 000 I0732fi. Construction ______. ___ ._. __ . ___ .. ____ .... __ . ______-- '333, 961, 638 297, 467, 000 6 294, 713, 000 325, 966, 500 to, 113,000 121, 966, 500 10737ff. Bureau of Reclamation: General administrative ex· penses .. ______. _.... _____ . --.... ----. __ . _... . -- 4, 300, coo 7, 000, coo 7, 4"00, oco 'I, 800, coo 400, coo EOO, COO 11008 National Park Service: Maintenance and rehabilitation of physical facilities ______... ------~- --- 6, 990, 262 7, 250, 000 7, 448, 100 7, 470, 000 198, 100 220, oco 11009 ·construction. ______.. _____ ... ------__ . ------14, 595, 813 20, 542, 000 19, 667, 000 22, 767, 000 4, 667, 000 'I, 767, coo 11009 Fish and Wildlife Service: Investigation of resources .••• 3, 324, 200 3, 900, 000 4, 125, oco 3, 900, GOO 800, 000 575, coo 1.100:> Construction. ______._. ______.... ---. ___ --.. --- 1, 797, 100 2, 401, 000 2, 423, 450 2, 376, 000 623, 450 576, 000 11010 Executive Office, Bureau of Budget: Salaries and expenses •. 3, 300, 000 8,386, 000 3, 412, coo 3, 486, coo 26, 000 100, GOO 11159 Philippine Alien Property Administration: Salaries and ex- penses .. ______.. ______...... ------.---- 250, 000 160, 000 215, 000 215, 000 5.5,000 55, 000 11159 Civil Service Commission: Salaries and expenses ______16, 000, 000 . 15, 261, 913 15, 761, 913 16, 560, 000 500, 000 I, 298, 087 11159 General Services Administration: Advance, planning of public works, contract authority__ 17, 000, 000 32, 000, 000 27,000, 000 40, 000, 000 10, 000, 000 23, 000, coo 11159 Operating expenses. ______._. ______. ___ ~ . -. ---- __ . ------·------·------76, 500, 000 82, 725, 000 84, 725, 000 6, 225, 000 8, 225, GOO 11159 Interstate Commerce Commission: General expenses______9, 600, 000 9, 889, 600 10, 002, 600 10, 002, 600 113, 000 113, 000 11159 Securities and Exchange Commission: Salaries and expenses_ 5, 750, 000 6, 130, 000 6, 330, 000 6, 425, 000 200, 000 295, 000 111 59 Smithsonian Institution: Salaries and expenses______2, 300, 000 2, 606, 490 2, 770, 000 2, 770, 000 163, 510 163, 5i0 11159 Maritime Commission: Ship-construction subsidies (con- 6 (6) 64, 87u, ooo (7) 41, 100, 000 8 41, 000, 000 lllfiO 0 ~i:r~~~ugta?~~~n"tiai subsidies======______~ ! ______u 26, 450, 000 u 30, 108, 000 . 93, 380, coo 3, 658, 000 11, 721, 000 11159 Rivers, harbors, and flood control and navigation projects: Limitation on additional technical expenses------· (7) ], 450, 000 1, 600, 000 (7) 960, 000 (7) 11360 7 1 Motion for reconsideration pending. 'Plus $8,339, 700 in contract authorizations. No comparable figure. 2 Contract authorization. 1 Plus $3,000,000 in contract authorizations. s Approximate-no comparable figure, a Plus $300,000 in contract authorizations. 6 Extended contract authority. u_ Plus $55,209,000 in rcappropriations. l1316 . CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENA.TE JULY 28 Itemized reductions in omnibus appropriations bm (H. R. 7786) proposed by Senator Douglas-Continued

Propase_d reduction Appropriation For reasons Department, agency, and purpose offunds for fiscal year Amount voted Amount in Budget esti- see CONGRES- 1950 by House Senate bill mate Below Senate SIONAL REC- bill Below budget ORD, p.No.-

1133tH1337 Rivers and harbors projects •••• ------·--·------$197, 985, 690 $185, 878, 000 $221, 244, 500 $240, 714, 000 $130, 495, 000 $149, 964, 000 11359-11360 11363-11366 11336--11337 Flood control and navigation projects·-··-----·------366, 406, 400· 341, 05.5, 000 436, 933, 000 478, 447, 000 263, 483, 000 304, 997, 000 11359-11360 11363-11366 Flood control: l 11336--11337 Mississippi River-----·--____ •••• __ ---• ____ •• __ ••• ------67,000,000 6.'>,000, 000 66, 778, 000 '12, 000, 000 40, 078, 000 45,300,000 11359-11360 11363-11366 11336--11337 Sacramento River------·--- 8, 600, 000 2, 700, 000 2,524, 500 2,805, 000 l, 614, 500 l, 795, 000 11359-11360 l 11363-11366 On other proposals for limitations, a.mounts cannot be computed. Tota.I number of items, 68; total amount of proposed reductions below Senate committee recommendations, $746,574,478. Total amount of proposed reductions below budget estimates, $943,426,972. Mr. DOUGLAS. Now, Mr. President, Section 1001 of this amendment reads: nonexempt items, the exemptions being I am well aware of the fact that knives Reductions in appropriations contained in listed in section 1002 of my amendment, are dangerous. But, with a deficit of this act are hereby made in the sum of $1,- is- about $1,040,000,000. $5,000,000,000 facing us even before the 000,000,000. Such reductions shall be made· Total budgeted amounts for supplies Korean situation, a major surgical op­ in the following manner: and materials which are nonexempt in eration was even then in order. With I may say that the amendment pro­ my amendment is about $820,000,000. the present international crisis, which is posed by the distinguished Senator from The total amount in the bill for Federal not a possibility but actually upon us, New Hampshire [Mr. BRIDGES] and the aid postwar highways will be between such an operation is already well under Senator from Virginia [Mr. BYRD] pro­ $405,000,000 and $385,000,000 depending way and, while increasing taxes are poses a reduction of $800,000,000 across on the final figure adopted in conference. needed, we simply must cut civilian ex­ the board. Our amendment proposes a This makes a total of about $2,225,000,- penses as well. For we are ·confronted ·reduction of $1,000,000,000, and orders 000 from which the $500,000,000 reduc­ with needs far greater than combating those reductions to be made in selected tion provided for in paragraph (a) would inflation. Manpower and resources are areas. be drawn. This is a 22-percent !'.educ­ needed for our very security, and if we This I quote from the first part of this tion below the budget although since precommit ourselves to huge expendi­ amendment: some reductions have already been made tures for nonessential items, what hap­ in the bill before us, the actual cut would (a) Funds appropriated in this act for pens when we find we should have been supplies and materials, for lands and struc­ amount to about 25 percent in this area. using these resources to protect our own tures, and for Federal i.tid postwar highways, FIVE-HUNDRED-MILLION-DOLLAR REDUCTION IN safety? shall be reduced by $500,000,000: Provided, ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSE MAY HAVE TO RESORT TO A MEAT AX That the Director o! the Bureau of the The rest of the billion-dollar reduction Budget is empowered to make such reduc­ For this reason, since I have not had tions among the departments and agencies or the other five hundred million is made what would be called marked success in in the executive branch of the Government in pragraph (b), which reads: my attempts to use a surgeons' knife, I in such a manner as to provide for the most (b) Funds appropriated in this act for shall probably be forced to resort to the efficient use of the Nation's manpower and personal services, travel, transportation of good old meat ax. resources consistent with prevailing needs things, communications services, .rents and In my office this morning I looked at for an adequate national defense and a sound utilities, printing and reproduction, other a surgeons' scalpel and at a meat ax, and national economy. contractual services, and equipment shall be reduced by $500,000,000 which reduction shall I debated for some time whether I FIVE-HUNDRED-MILLION-DOLLAR REDUCTION IN be made among the departments and should bring those two instruments to CONSTRUCTION ITEMS agencies in the executive branch of the Gov­ the fioor of the Senate. I decided that Thus, the one-half of the reduction ernment on a pro rata basis: Provided, That it would be somewhat undignified to do would be made on civilian construction. reductions in personnel shall, wh.ere practi­ so. Therefore, following the example of Most of it, of course, would have to be cable, be made by eliminating a total of 5 the Senator from Maryland [Mr: TY­ taken from rivers, harbors, navigation, percent of the personnel provided for in the DINGS] I will say that I have them here in fiood control, reclamation projects, and President's budget and 'the filUng of a total If of not more than one-half of all vacancies a suitcase. anyone wishes to look at highways, but not necessarily· all of it. which occur by reason of death, resignation, them, I shall be very happy to show them, Throughout the bill we find a great many or otherwise: Provided further, That the re­ and admission will be by ticket only. construction items which could be re­ ductions provided for in this subsection The use of the surgeon's knife requires duced. Furthermore, part of these re- among the departments shall be made on a great care and I can certainly vouch for . ductions would be made from supplies department-wide basis and the secretaries its being difficult and time consuming, and materials, most of which go for con­ of the departments are empowered by means The meat ax is easy. Just raise it above struction, but by no means all of it. of transfer and adjustments, to keep the your head and come down on the bu­ agencies within their respective depart­ Paragraph therefore specifically ments at a maximum of efficiency: Provided reaus with a. resounding whack. But gives to the Bureau of the Budget the further, That the Director of the Bureau of before doing this-being reluctantly power to make these cuts, but it also the Budget is empowered, by means o! trans­ pushed into wielding an unscientific specifies the areas in which reduc­ fers and adjustments to administer the re­ meat ax- tions are to be made. Paragraph ductions provided for in this subsection A "SHARP MEAT AX WIELDED WITH CARE'• also charges the Budget Bureau with the among the nondepartmental and independ­ I intend to try one more approach: responsibility to see that these cuts are ent agencies in such a manner as to provide made in such a manner ~s to provide for for a maximum of efficiency: Provided fur­ namely, a very sharp meat ax wielded ther, that hereaft"er, the amount of annual with care. the most efficient use of the Nation's leave for Governmen_t employees, including I send to the desk an amendment for manpower and resources consistent with empl0yees of the Postal Service, shall be at myself and the Senator from Missouri prevailing needs for an adequate national the rate of 20 days per year and .the amount [Mr. KEM] and the Senator from Dela­ defense and a sound national economy. of sick leave shall be at the rate of 12 days The total amounts budgeted for con­ per year for classified and wage-board em­ ware [Mr. WILLIAMS] which I shall call ployees (except that no annual leave nor "The sharp meat ax wielded with care." struction-and on this point Members of sick leave· shall be granted to any Govern.. It is a substitute for the committee the Senate should consult page 13 of ment employee who has not been in con. amendment striking out the Thomas­ Summary of Obligations·by Objec11s, pre­ tinuous Government service for at lea.st i 'Iaber features of the House bill. pared by the Bureau of the Budget-for calendar year) • - 1950 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 11317 This paragraph apportions a $500,000,- production, I cannot believe this would days of sick leave, which makes 41 days, 000 reduction among the departments work any great hardship on thP, workers and 8 holidays, making 49 days, plus the and agencies on r, pro rata basis. But it themselves. The displaced workers other days of leave on the occasions of specifies the areas where the reductions would be able to find jobs elsewhere. visits of Brazilian and other Presidents / are to be made so that Congress would They would be trans!erred from the de­ and when the weather is hot, the total not be completely abdicating the ·power partments which are overstaffed into leave given to Government workers is of appropriations. agencies of the national defense or into much larger than appears on its face. Paragraph (b) would empower the private jobs which will be understaffed. It is unjustified at any time, and cer­ secretaries of the various departments, The net result would be a transfer from tainly in the period which is close to a however, to maintain a maximum of ef­ places where the employees are less effi­ national emergency. ficiency by means of transfers and ad­ cient into places where they are more Mr. WHERRY. Mr. President, will justments between the various bureaus efficient. the Senator yield? within the respective departments. The This is especially true since only 5 per­ Mr. DOUGLAS. I yield for a question. Bureau of the Budget would have this cent are to be subject to a reduction in Mr. WHERRY. I merely wish to ask power with respect to the nondepart­ force while other personnel reductions a question. I did not hear the beginning mental and independent agencies, some would be made by filling only one-half of of the Senator's address. Is the pro­ of which may be too small to completely the vacancies which occur because of posal the Senator is now speaking of a absorb these cuts by themselves while death, resignation, or otherwise. Per­ general over-all cut in the bill? others can absorb more than their pro­ sonnel turn-over is about 26 percent so Mr. DOUGLAS. Yes. I shall be glad rated share. that filling one-half of the vacancies to furnish the Senator a copy of my The total amounts budgeted for those which occur during 1 year would amount address. items in the nonexempt agencies in the to about 7 percent. categories from which reductions would When this is combined with the 5 per­ Mr. WHERRY. I shoulcl like to have be made are approximately as follows: cent eliminated by a reduction in force it. Does the distinguished Senator set we would have a total over-all reduction out item by item what he intends to cut? Personnel ------$3,560,000,000 Mr. DOUGLAS. Yes. Travel------~------138,000,000 for the first year of 12 percent. The Transportation of things___ 42, 000, 000 paragraph contains the qualifications Mr. WHERRY. In all the chapters? Communications ------35, 000, 000 Mr. DOUGLAS. Oh, no; it is a gen- "insofar as practicable" to allow for ex­ eral cut, but it is to be applied to spe­ Rent and utility services __ ~ 103, 000, 000 ceptional cases where turn-over is at an Printing and reproductions_ 28, 000, 000 unusually high rate or where the pro- cific areas. In brief, it calls for a reduc­ Other contractual services__ 347, 000, 000 .vision would work a hardship on tion of $500,000,000 on construction, sup­ ·Equipment ------298, 000, 000 agencies in keeping staffed with key per­ plies, and materials, and $500,000,000 on transportation, p~rsonal services,. com­ TotaL______4, 551, 000, 000 sonnel. Yeanwhile, personnel generally is only one of several categories where munications, and so forth. The cuts are Thus, the $500,000,000 reduction would reductions ·would .be made. It may be divided in that manner. The total cut amount to a cut of about 11 percent of that some agencies would prefer to make is $1,000,000,000, or approximately $200,- the total amounts budgeted for these greater cuts in travel or.other categories 000,000 greater than that provided in the ·purposes. However, since the amounts and less in personnel. . This flexibility so-called Bridges-Byrd am.endment. provided for in the ·bill before us are would operate with respect to all the Mr. WHERRY. Mr. President, will somewhat less than the budgeted areas selected for reductions since the the Senator yield for another question? amounts the actual reduction would be location of soft spots may vary from Mr. DOUGLAS. I yield. closer to 12 or 12 Y2 percent. agency to agency. Mr. WHERRY. ·I do not want to be­ PERSONNEL REDUCTIONS REDUCE AND EQUALIZE ANNUAL AND SICK LEAVE labor this matter.' I am trying to get Reductions in personnel are to be made the picture. Would the proposed cut While reductions in personnel would apply to ·all construction projects .by eliminating 5 percent and then filling ordinarily be made to the extent of 12 only one-half the vacancies to accom­ throughout all the chapters of the bill? percent, actual manpower would be re­ Mr. DOUGLAS. Yes. plish further reductions. duced only about 10 percent. This is This amendment differs very sharply true because reducing the annual and Mr. WHERRY. And the same is true from the Thomas-Taber and the Jensen sick leave of classified and wage-board with respect to transportation? amendments, because the combination of employees to 20 days would mean that Mr. DOUGLAS. Personnel and trans­ the Thomas-Taber and Jensen amend­ each employee so reduced would put in portation and other areas. I hope the ments in the House provided for filling about 3 percent more actual working Senator will be given a copy of my ad­ only one-tenth of the vacancies, with a time. Since postal workers' leave would dress. cut of 10 percent superimposed upon this. be increased, however, the net gain in Mr. WHERRY. Will the Senator This would mean a reduction in person­ actual hours worked per employee would yield for one more question, please? nel of over 30 percent by the end of the be only about 2 percent, which can be Mr. DOUGLAS. I yield. year and an average cut for the year of subtracted from the cut of 12 percent to Mr. WHERRY. Is the cut to be made over 20 percent. My proposal is for a make a net manpower reduction in the by the department heads, or does the cut of 5 percent, and then for filling only civilian agencies of 10 percent. Further­ Senator in his amendment provide J.or one-half of the vacancies. more, the leave provision would apply to the cuts? I may say that my initial estimate of a all Government employees, whether they Mr. DOUGLAS. Within the depart­ cut of 5 percent is built up from two work for agencies in the exempt or non­ ments the personnel and other cuts are items, first, eliminating the 2 percent of exempt categories. This would increase to be :made by the departments. For Government employees who are the most the manpower in the Defense Establish­ the nondepartmental and independent inefficient; then, if we cut the leave of ment and other agencies which are doing agencies the Bureau of the Budget will classified and wage-board employees ·work vital to national defense. make the apportionment of the person­ from 26 working days to 20, or a cut of I have previously presented the case nel and other cuts. The Bureau of the from five and a half calendar weeks to for setting annual leave at 20 days, and Budget will make the cuts for construc­ four calendar weeks, and reduce sick I will not burden the Senate with further tion materials and supplies. But there leave from 3 weeks to 2% weeks, we effect arguments on this point. I will simply are certain standards which we lay down a saving of around 3 percent in the num­ say that 20 working days, or 1 month which will direct them in doing this, ber of governmental employees. So that with week ends, is long enough for a namely, on the personnel item a 5 per­ by dismissing the most inefficient 2 per­ vacation, and is still very liberal in com­ cent cut in the number of persons aided cent, and reducing Government leave, parison with that given by private em­ by a reduction in annual leave and then which will save 3 percent, we can effect ployers. This would still be better than filling only one-half of the vacancies a personnel reduction of 5 percent, and, the leave given by 994%00 percent of pri­ which occur. in addition to that, fill only half the vate employers. The present 26 days of. Mr. WHERRY. Will the Senator vacancies which occur. leave is excessive, beca.use that number yield for another question? With increasing needs for manpower of days, on a basis of a 5-day week, is Mr. DOUGLAS. I am glad to yield in the Defense Establishment and war 5% weeks. When there are added 15 for ·another quest-ion. 11318 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE JULY 28 Mr. WHERRY . . Will the head of the weeks. But I assert that this amend­ sum of $1,000,000,000. Such reductions department be the one who can use his ment is preferable to an across-the­ shall be made in the following manner: "(a) Funds appropriated in this act for best judgment as to where the cut is to board percentage cut, and that, if it is a supplies and materials, for lands and struc­ be applied? meat ax, it is a sharp meat ax wielded tures, and for Federal aid postwar highways Mr. DOUGLAS. On everything except with care. shall .be reduced by $500,000,000: Provided, construction. EXEM PTIONS That the Director of the Bureau of the Budg­ Mr. WHERRY. That is what I want The exemptions provided are the ob­ et is empowered to make such reductions to know. Does the Senator provide for vious ones. They are similar to those among the departments and agencies in the the cut on construction by items then, provided for in the Bridges-Byrd amend­ executive branch of the Government in such a manner as to provide for the most efficient or does the department head with re­ ment with a few important exceptions. use of the Nation's manpower annly to appropria­ portation costs. agencies in the executive branch of the tions for construction outside of military I would also exempt subsidies where Government on a pro rata basis: Provided, needs? the amounts paid are set by law. This That reductions in personnel shall, where Mr. DOUGLAS. Oh, yes. As a mat­ will prevent agencies from making their practicable, be made by eliminating a total of 5 percent of the personnel provided for is ~oming ter of fact, the list of exemptions reductions in subsidies and then in the President's budget and the filling of a very similar to that provided for in the bacl{ for deficiency appropriations. I total of not more than one-half of all vacan­ so-called Bridges-Byrd amendment, with wot:ld also . exempt the Coast Guard, cies which occur by reason of death, resigna­ one or two exceptions which I shall men­ which is now an agency of war and na­ tion, or otherwise: Provided further, That tion later. tional defense, and not merely an agency the reductions provided for in this subsec­ Mr. WHERRY. Will the Senator of domestic administration. tion among the departments shall be made yield for one more ques~ion? I have made no provisions for reduc­ on a department-wide basis and the secre­ ing. loans. I am afraid that under the taries of the departments are empowered, Mr. DOUGLAS. I yield. by means of transfers and adjustments, to Mr. WHERRY. As I understand, the Bridge:;-Byrd amendment, a department keep the agencies within their respective de­ Senator's amendment' provides for a cut might make its total 10 percent reduc­ partments at a maximum of efficiency: Pro­ of $500,000,000 in construction, and so tion by holding up 2 or 3 large loans vi ded further, That. the Director of the Bu­ forth, and a cut of $500,000,000 on trans­ such as those given by REA or the Farm reau of the Budget is empowered, by means portation and personal services and so Credit Administration. If this were of transfers and adjustments to administer forth. done, no waste would be eliminated at the reductions provided for in this subsec­ Mr. DOUGLAS. Yes. all. · tion among the nondepartmental and inde­ I would, however, urge that all loans pendent agencies in such a manner as to Mr. WHERRY. S<> the amendment provide for a maximum of efficiency: Pro­ provides for a total cut of $1,000,000,000? be scrutinized very carefully and that vided further, That hereafter, the amount of Mr. DOUGLAS. Yes. only those which will be in the national annual leave for Government employees, in­ Mr. WHERRY. I thank the Senator. interest be given. ·cluding employees of the postal service, shall Mr. DOUGLAS. I thank my genial The Thomas-Taber and Jensen be at the rate of 20 days per year and the friend from Nebraska for his inquiries. amendments have been thoroughly dis­ amount of sick leave shall be at the rate of Mr. President, as I said the present 26 cussed and I will not burden the Senate 12 days per year for classified and wage­ with further talk about them. They are board employees (except that no annual days of leave is excessive, because it is leave nor sick leave shall be granted to any not measured by calendar days but by both too inflexible and they would be Government employee who has not been in work days. It amounts therefore to 5Ys administratively difficult. . contlnuous Government service for at least weeks. It should be lowered in normal In appealing to the Senate favorably one calendar year) . times, but our manpower needs to main­ to consider my amendment, I ask that "SEC. 1002. The reductions provided for in tain adequate defense . make it espe­ Senators read the amendment. I have this chapter shall not apply to the following additional copies at my desk. I shall also (except that the annual- and sick-leave pro­ cially imperative that we make this visos shall apply to all classified and wage­ change immediately. be happy to talk to anyone who desires more information and will welcome all board employees and postal workers). The leave provision also increases the who care to join me in sponsoring it. "(a) Chapter X, chapter X-B an.d the postal workers from 15 to 20 days. In amount appropriated to the General Services the future, the national manpower sit­ Any Senator who wants to add his name Administration for carrying out the provi­ uation will force postal workers to work to the amendment will be welcome. sions of the Strategic and Critical Materials harder and I believe it worth while to In closing I will simply say that I have Stockpiling Act of July 23, 1946; spent a great deal of time studying these "(b) Appropriations in title I of chapter gi\ie them a month's vacation. Leave appropriations, and while the surgeon's VIII for the Executive Office of the President provisions • should be equalized anyway knife approach of carefully cutting indi­ under the headlines "Compensation of the within the Government service. vidual items is best, I believe this amend­ President," "The White House Office," CONGRESS WOULD DECIDE WHERE TO CUT WHILE ment, which is a sharp meat ax wielded "Emergency Fund for the President," and ALLOWING ADMINISTRATIVE FLEXIBILITY "Executive Mansion and Grounds." with care is preferable to a blunt meat "(c) Appropriations for the atomic-energy The reduction provided by para­ ax of an across-the-board percentage program; graphs (a) and (b) of my amendment cut. "(d) Trust funds; are made while providing two safe­ Mr. President, I ask unanimous con­ "(e) Funds of Government. corporations guards. First. The areas where the re­ sent that the amendment offered by my­ excluding those made available in this aet reductions are to be made are deter­ self, the Senator from Missouri [Mr. (1) for administrative expenses and (2) by appropriation from the general fund of the mined by Congress. Thus Congress de­ KEM], and the Senator from Delaware Treasury; termines where the reductions are to be [Mr. WILLIAMS] be printed at this point "(f) Amounts (other than under the made. It does not merely turn the 1n my remarks. Veterans' Admlnistration) for furnishing problem over to the administrative There being no objection, the amend­ medical and hospital services and domiciliary agencies. Second. Flexibility to allow ment was ordered printed as follows: care, excluding (1) administrative expenses efficient administration is allowed. I do In lieu of the matter proposed to be not directly <:onne<:ted with the operation not assert that this is any final answer. stricken on pages 444, 445, and 446 by the of a specific hospital, dispensary, or clinic, committee amendment, insert the following: and (2) expenses for employee health service Reducing expenditures shouid be car­ programs; ried out selectively item by item. ·"CHAPTER X-A-;-GENERAL REDUCTION JN "(g) Amounts provided in this act for That is what I have been trying to do APPROPRL\TIONS payment of obligations incurred under prior without much success, but to the best "SEc. 1001. Reductions in . appropriations appropriations or authorizations, and obli­ of my ability, during the past two weary contained in. this act are hereby made in the gated balances of reappropriations; 1950 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 11319 "(h) Appropriations of, or measured by, nois has stated about the necessity of Then we shall have awaiting our con­ receipts; reducing the nonmilitary expenses of sideration both the Bridges-Byrd amend­ "(i) Amounts appropriated by this act for the Government. I have voted for most, the operation of law-enforcement agencies, ment and the Kem-Williams-Douglas including the Federal Bureau of Investiga­ if not all, of the selective amendments amendment-thus indicating that a fine tion, Bureau of Customs, Immigration and proposed by him. In my opinion, the spirit of nonpartisanship urge for econ­ Naturalization Services, and the Secret Serv­ Senator from Illinois has performed a omy pervades this Chamber. ice; or for the payment of compensation and fine public service in his effort to make Mr. WHERRY. Mr. President, in that expenses of agents and auditors of the a selective reduction in the appropria­ spirit, I ask unanimous consent that Bureau of Internal Revenue, and such other tion bill. I think he has oome qualms chapter X-A of the bill be passed over officers and employees of other agencies about the results to some of his col­ whose duties primarily pertain to intelli­ temporarily, for the reasons already gence operations (including funds trans­ leagues of what he has done, but I wish stated. ferred pursuant to section 6 (a) of the act of to say that, in my judgment, the way in Mr. DOUGLAS. Mr. President, reserv­ June 20, 1949; 63 Stat. 211), or to the in­ which he has ·used the scalpel has been ing the right to object, I am not satis­ vestigation, apprehension, prosecution, or so skillful that it has left no scars. I fied in my own mind that that would be detention of persons suspected or convicted think there can be no doubt about that. the proper course. It pains me very of offenses against the criminal laws of the So I hope he will continue his efforts. much to have to object, but I am afraid United States; I believe that time will show the great "(j) Amounts provided for any program I shall have to object. of the Veterans' Administration, excluding necessity for the Congress to do what the Mr. WHERRY. Mr. President, I think (1) administrative expenses not directly con­ junior Senator from Illinois is seeking my request is an absolutely constructive nected with the operation of a specific hos­ to have done. · one. There are many Members of the pital, dispensary, clinic, or facility, and (2) Mr. DOUGLAS. I thank the Senator Senate who would like to have all the expenses for employee health service pro­ from Missouri. chapters of the bill considered before grams; Mr. . WHERRY. Mr. President, I ask the amendment now known, as the Sen­ "(k) Grants (other than those for Federal. unanimous consent- ator from Illinois has said, as the Doug­ aid postwar highways), subsidies, and con­ tributions where amounts are determined Mr. DOUGLAS. Mr. President, a par­ las-Kem amendment or before the by laws; liamentary inquiry. Bridges-Byrd amendment is considered "(1) Amounts provided to make payment Mr. WHERRY. Mr. President, I have and adopted, if one of them is adopted, of or contributions toward pensions, retire­ the floor; and in order that the Senator depending upon whichever one is con­ ment and disability annuities and benefits, may propound a parliamentary inquiry, sidered by the Senate to have merit. employee's death or injury benefits, or other I have to yield first. It seems to me that the proper time to items of a similar nature; Mr. President, no chapter of the ap­ consider them is after the bill has been "(m) Appropriations for refunds, awards, propriations bill is now before the Sen­ and indemnities. amended in all other respects, at which "(n) Appropriations for the Coast Guard, ate at this time, I believe. Is that cor­ time we shall have before us the bill in and rect? its entirety, and then we can consider "(o) The amount appropriated to the Post The PRESIDING OFFICER. 'rhat is whether to make an over-all cut. Office Department for railroad transporta­ correct. Mr. President, if I am not able to ob­ tion of the mail." Mr. WHERRY. I ask unanimous con­ tain unanimous consent for the purpose Mr. DOUGLAS. Mr. President, I sent that the Senate pass over chapter I have requested, I shall move that the move to insert in lieu of the matter X-A and proceed to the consideration Senate temporarily pass over chapter stricken by the committee amendment of chapter X-B. X-A of the bill, and proceed to the con­ on pages 444, 445, and 446, an amend­ I shall be glad to yield now to the sideration of the chapter X-B. I sup­ ment which I have sent to the desk, Senator from Illinois for a question. pose that I must include in the motion which I now ask to have read and made Mr. DOUGLAS. Mr. President, re­ a date, so as to provide that chapter the order of business. serving the right to object, let me inquire X-A be taken up at a time certain. Mr. KEM. Mr. Presidrnt, will the why the Senator wishes to pass ovei' Mr. McFARLAND. Mr. President, will Senator yield for a question? chapter X-A, which logically would come the Senator yield? Mr. WHERRY. Mr. President, a par­ before the Senate at this time. Mr. WHERRY. I am glad to yield to liamentary inquiry first, please. Mr. WHERRY. I am merely asking the Senator from Arizona, if he wishes The PRESIDING OFFICER. The that it be passed over temporarily. to propose a modification of my request Senator will state it. Mr. DOUGLAS. Would it not be well or make a motion. Mr. WHERRY. Is unanimous con­ to consider chapter X-A now? . Mr. McFARLAND. Mr. President, I sent required to have the amendment Mr. WHERRY. The reason why I hope the distinguished junior Senator made the pending business in view of the think the subject matter of chapter X-A from Illinois will not object to the re-. fact that the amendment runs into an­ or the subject matter the Senator from quest that we temporarily pass over other chapter? Illinois, himself, has been discussing chapter X-A of the bill, because before The PRESIDING OFFICER. Yes; it should properly be taken up by us at we pass upon the amendments calling would be out of order to consider the the end of the bill is that before an for over-all reductions, I believe we amendment in its present form, because amendment such as the Bridges-Byrd should know just what other provisions it relates both to the chapter which we amendment or the so-called Douglas the bill is going to contain. are just finishing and the following amendment is considered by the Senate So, Mr. President, personally I think chapter, which has not been stat.ea and it seems to me the Senate should we should take up the ECA chapter of is not before the Senate. proceed to consider the foreign-aid the bill, and then should proceed to con­ Mr. WHERRY. Yes. I have no ob­ section of the bill, and should see sider the amendment which the distin­ jection to the amendment being printed whether a cut is to be made in that guished Senator from Washington [Mr. and to have it lie on the table to be of­ section of the bill. Then we can con­ MAGNUSON] has proposed, and should fered at the proper time. sider ·as the last chapter, the one to dispose of it. After having done that, Mr. DOUGLAS. The proper time will which, really, either the so-called Doug­ and after we know what other provi­ come in just about a fraction of a second. las amendment or the Bridges-Byrd sions the bill is going to contain, we shall Mr. WHERRY. I make the point of amendment would apply. be better able to pass upon other amend­ order, Mr. President, that the amend­ . Mr. DOUGLAS. Mr. President, the ments which may be offered. ment is not in order. foreign-aid section of the bill can be Mr. DOUGLAS. Mr. President-­ The PRESIDING OFFICER. The dealt with by means of amendments of­ Mr. WHERRY. Mr. President, I have amendment would not be in order as a fered either to chapter X-A or chapter the floor. I yielded to the Senator, did portion of it relates to the next chap­ X-B. I not? ter, which is not now before the Senate. I may say that I am very much pleased The PRESIDING OFFICEf:.. The Mr. KEM. Mr. President, will the with what the Senator from Missouri has S:mator from Nebraslrn has the floor. Senator from Illinois yield? said. Unless I am abusing his compli­ Mr. WHERRY. I thank the Chair. Mr. DOUG~AS. I yield for a ques­ ments, I wish to say that I thin!{ the Mr. President, I shall be glad to yield tion. amendment should not be known sole­ to the Senator from Illinois, if I may do Mr. KEM. I should like to associate ly as mine, but should be known a3 so without prejudice to my right to th~ :ln:;elf with what the Sen.ator from Illi- the Kem-Williams-Douglas amendment. floor. ;11320 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE JULY 28. Mr. DOUGLAS. Mr. President, I wish ator from Illinois would have to be the Mr. McFARLAND. In other words, to thank the Senator from Nebraska. first Senator to obtain the floor at that the Senator from Illinois should be able Mr.. WHERRY. The Senator from time. to obtain the floor. Illinois is certainly welcome. Mr. DOUGLAS. Mr. President, that So I hope the Senator from Illinois Mr. DOUGLAS. Mr. President, I is a very important point. So the ques­ will agree to the request to temporarily think I should state what is the real issue tion will be which Senator obtains the lay aside this chapter of the bill. behind this parliamentary maneuvering: floor first. Mr. DOUGLAS. Mr. President, I wish We are really jockeying to see whether Mr. WHERRY. Mr. President, I have to be very obliging. I have a very co­ the Bridges-Byrd amendment shall be the floor, have I not? operative mood at all times, and par­ acted on first or whether· the Kem­ 4fhe PRESIDING OFFICER. The ticularly this afternoon. Douglas amendment shall be acted on Senator from Nebraska has the floor. If we can reach a unanimous-consent first. Mr. WHERRY. If my motion is acted agreement that when we take up chapter I have no personal feeling about this upon favorably, that will mean that the X-A of the bill, my amendment will be matter, but I have going on within me a Senate will proceed to take up the ECA the first order of business, I shall be · real mental and ethical struggle, which chapter of the bill. So the amendment very glad, indeed, to agree to the re­ I wish to have resolved in the easiest of the Senator from Illinois will not be quested unanimous-consent agreement. manner possible. prejudiced in that case. In such event Mr. President, I believe I have the I regard the Bridges-Byrd amendment he will be just as well off at the time floor now-- as the worst possible way in which to cut when he wishes to present his amend­ Mr. WHERRY. Mr. President, I have the budget. However, the need for cut­ ment as he is now. He does not have the floor; I yielded for a question or, if ting the· budget is so great that if all the floor now. If he agrees to the there was no objection, for a comment. other methods fail, then, with certain unanimous-consent request, then it· Do I not have the floor? qualifications, I shall be compelled to will simply be a question of -which The PRESIDING OFFICER. The vote for the Bridges-Byrd amendment. amendment comes up first. If the Senator from Nebraska has the floor. But I do not wish to do so unless first Bridges-Byrd amendment is offered first, Mr. WHERRY. I thank the Chair. we have exhausted every other alter­ the Senator from Illinois can move to Mr. President, I wish to be fair-­ native. strike out the language of the amend­ Mr. DOUGLAS. I wish to be fair to I am approaching the Bridges-Byrd ment and insert the language of the the Senator. amendment with the same alacrity that Douglas-~em amendment; or if the Mr. MAGNUSON. Mr. President, why a cat exhibits when it is grabbed by the Douglas-Kem amendment is offered first, do not both Senators be fair to me, and yield to me? 1 tail and is pulled backward across a thick the Bridges-Byrd amendment could be rug, at which it claws energetically, doing ott:ered as a substitute for it. Mr. WHERRY. I shall be glad to i its utmost to resist. In short, as each So, Mr. President, I hope the distin­ yield once again to the junior Senator amendment is defeated, I find myself guished junior Senator from Illinois will from Illinois, providing I do not preju­ nearer and nearer the rapids and nearer not object to the requested unanimous­ dice my fights to the floor. I ask unan­ and nearer the Bridges-Byrd amend­ consent agreement, for he is always imous consent that I may do so. ment. charitable and courteous, and wishes to Mr. DOUGLAS. I thank the Senator . Mr. WHERRY. Then, Mr. Pres­ go along in a good bipartisan spirit. from Nebraska. · ident-- However. the motion ~!ready has been The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there Mr. DOUGLAS. Mr. President, will made to postpone until Wednesday of objection to the request? the Senator from Nebraska permit me to next week, for final consideration, chap­ Mr. LANGER. I object. continue? ter X-A of the bill. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Objec­ Mr. WHERRY. Yes. So far as the handling of the amend­ tion is heard. Mr. DOUGLAS. I thank the Senator ments is concerned, that will depend on Mr. MAGNUSON. Mr. President, will for not imposing the guillotine upon me; whicl: Senator obtains the floor and the Senator yield for a question? I I thank him for his characteristic cour­ which amendment prevails, either the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the J tesy. The point I want to make is this: s_-called Douglas-Kem amendment or Senator from Nebraska yield to the Sen­ ·I have tried selective cuts and have not the Bridges-Byrd amendment. ator from Washington? been success! ul. However, I think a Mr. President, I have made the mo­ Mr. WHERRY. I yield to the Senator blunt, meat-ax approach like the tion. from Washington for a question. · Bridges-Byrd amendment is wrong. Now I shall be glad to yield for a Mr. MAGNUSON. As the Senator i With reservations, however, I will be question. · knows, there are two very important forced to vote for it if we fail in all other Mr. McFARLAND. Mr. President, amendments pending. . attempts to reduce expenditures. But will the Senator yield? Mr. WHERRY. That is correct. before voting for it I would like to pre­ Mr. WHERRY. I yield to the acting Mr. MAGNUSON. As to those amend­ sent my general amendment which calls n:r,jority leader. Let me say now that ments, it was generally understood we for a larger cut, and which specifies the if I may obtain unanimous consent, I would finish the committee amendments areas where the cuts are to be made. shall withdraw the motion. and would then consider the two amend­ That is why I wish to have my amend­ Mr. McFARLAND. Mr. President, I ments because they are in the nature of ment called up first. I think it is a much do not wish to be classified as associated new matter. They are probably the two better way for Congress to make re­ with any jockeying in favor of one side most important amendments, and I was ductions. or another side, so far as the amend­ wondering whether, under this arrange:.. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Let the ments are conce.rned. I , did not have ment, we would go on with the bill. Chair state to the Senator from Illinois that in mind. I supported the course Mr~ WHERRY. Oh, certainly. that if the unanimous-consent request is suggested by the Senator from Nebraska Mr. MAGNUSON. And finish the agreed to, the amendment of the Senator because I thought it was the most o.r­ committee amendments? f ram Illinois will occupy exactly the derly way to proceed. Mr. WHERRY. My motion is totem­ same position which it will occupy Mr. WHERRY. That is correct. porarily pass over chapter X-A, and I otherwise. Mr. McFARLAND. Although I favor . feel that the majority leader should then Mr. DOUGLAS. Would it be the first temporarily laying aside chapter X, I bring up the so-called Douglas-Kem · to be acted upon? certainly would resist a motion to take amendment, at the conclusion of the bill, The PRESIDING OFFICER. Yes; the it up at a definite time. I do not think for the reasons I have already stated­ first to be acted upon-- that would be the proper procedure. that if cuts are made in the ECA items, Mr. DOUGLAS. Mr. President, that is I think we should lay it aside temo­ it will then be necessary to adjust the the whole issue. If that is the case, I am rarily, and then proceed. so-called over-all cut amendment, satisfied. Of course, the distinguished junior whichever one prevails. Mr. WHERRY. Oh, no, Mr. Presi­ Senator from Illinois is just about as Mr. MAGNUSON. It makes a differ­ dent-- .quick on the jump as is the minority ence. The PRESIDING OFFICER. In order leader-- Mr.. WHERRY. The only time that for the amendment of the Senator from Mr. WHERRY. He is better, Mr. could be done would be fallowing the Illinois to be first considered, the Sen- President. [Laughter.] conclusion of the bill, at which time each 1950 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 11321 and every Senator will have his right to to secure the observance of rights and obli­ The House has added two clarifying the floor. I have to make a motion, gations of the United States, may take for amendments. The only one of any im~ however, to postpone it to a day certain. such purposes full possession and control of such vessels and remove therefrom the offi­ portance is the following on page 1: I did so Wednesday. I should like to cers and crew thereof, and _all other persons Whenever the President finds that the modify that motion to, say, Monday, and not especially authorized by him to go or security of the United States is endangered when Monday comes, if we are not ready remain on board thereof; by reason of actual or threatened war, or for it, we shall have to modify it, I pre­ "(b) to safeguard against destruction, loss, invasion, or insurrection, or subversive ac­ sume, and extend it for a longer period. or injury from sabotage or other subversive tivity, or of disturbances or threatened dis­ I do not want to delay passage of the acts, accidents, or other causes of similar turbances of the international relations . of pending bill, but the motion necessitates nature, vessels, harbors, ports, and water­ the United States, the President is author­ a day certain. I shall make the motion front facilities in the United States, the ized to institute such measures -and issue Canal Zone, and all territory and water, con­ such rules and regulations- on Monday. tinental or insular, subject to the jurisdic­ The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the tion of the United States. In other words, the President is then Senator first want to let the Chair put Any appropriation available to any of the authorized to do certain things for the the unanimous-consent request? executive departments shall be available to protection of the water front. The Mr. WHERRY. The Senator from carry out the provisions of this title." House added "or insurrection, or sub­ Illinois objected to it. SEC. 2. Section 4 of title II of the act of versive activity.'' I think it makes the D.fr. DOUGLAS. Mr. President, I de­ Jun~ 15, 1917 ( 40 Stat. 220; U. S. C., title bill much stronger. sire to be thoroughly obliging, thoroughly 50, sec. 194), is amended to read as follows: Mr. WHERRY. Mr. President, to the "The President may employ such depart­ bill as passed by the Senate, the House cooperative in all respects on these mat­ ments, agencies, officers, or instrumentali­ ters, and I am willing to withdraw my ties of the United States as . he may deem has made this additional amendment, objection. necessary to carry out the purpose of this which I think is a good one. Mr. WHERRY. That is fine. title." Mr-. MAGNUSON. It makes the bill Mr. DOUGLAS. But I hope that the S!l:c. 3. Section 2 of title II of the act of stronger. Chair or whoever may be occupying the June .15, 1917 ( 40 Stat. 220; U. S. C., title Mr. WHERRY. For that reason, I chair, will cast his glance all around the 50, sec. 192), as amentled, is amended by hope the House amendment will be adding at the end thereof the following Chamber when it comes time to recog­ subsection: agreed to. nize Senators, when this matter comes " (a) If any other person knowingly fails Mr. MAGNUSON. Mr. President, I up. to comply with any regulation or rule issued merely want to say as a matter of in­ Mr. WHERRY. Mr. President, I with­ or order given under the provisions of this formation for the RECORD that I do not draw the motion I made, and I thank the title, or knowingly obstructs or interferes know whether the President will exer­ Senator from Illinois for his coopera­ with the exercise of any power conferred cise this authority. I understand that tion. But I do not want the glancing by this title, he shall be punished by im­ if the bill is passed by the Senate today, prisonment for one more than 10 years and part of the argument to prevail upon the may, at the discretion of the COl,lrt, be fined as I am sure it will be, the President will occupant of the chair when the time not more than $10,000." sign the bill immediately, and that will comes to consider chapter X-A. SEC. 4. The provisions of this act shall give him authority to proceed at once Mr. DOUGLAS. I merely said I hoped expire on· such date as may be specified by on our water fronts. This is not a na­ the eyes of the Presiding Offi.cer would concurrent resolution of the two Houses of tional emergency measure; it is only a describe a semicircle-an arc, so to speak, Congress. limited emergency measure to take care and that he would not ignore the junior Mr. MAGNUSON. Mr. President, I of the water front security of the Nation. Senator from Illinois when the proper wonder whether I might impose upon It is to prevent the entry into our ports time came. the distinguished chairman of the Ap­ of foreign-flag ships without notice The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there propriations Committee and the minor­ either to the Coast Guard or the FBI, and objection? · The Chair hears none, and ity and majority leaders long enough for enable them to make a search of the it is so ordered. a brief statement. ships before they reach our territorial Chapter X-A will be passed over. Last Friday we passed a piece of waters, in case they might have in their CONTROL OF ANCHORAGE AND MOVE­ highly emergent legislation pertaining holds something which might be destruc­ MENT OF FOREIGN-FLAG VESSELS IN to waterfront security of the United tive. . It also has this purpose, which I think UNITED STATES WATERS States. The bill went to the House, and is a good one : As I have said before, the The PRESIDING OF·FICER

the exemptions-and a few more, so far TWENTY-PERCENT REDUCTION-$3,500,000,000- Mr. FLANDERS. I gladly yield for as that is concerned-that the Senator $500,000,000 PUBL'IC WORKS FUND that purpose, with the understanding from Nevada has just listed or that he With the 20-percent reduction in the that I do not lose my position on the would wish to list. However, I am per· $17,189,000,000 of the domestic budget, floor. fectly willing to give the Senate a chance this approximately $3,000,000,000 and The PRESIDING OFFICER. . The to vote on a proposed 20-percent re· the $1,150,000,000 for the arming of the Chair will later recognize the Senator duction. Atlantic Pact nations-which should be from Vermont. The Senator from Illi· On the other hand, I have already included in one· budget; then add the no is. requested that the reduction proposed in $500,000,000 appropriated for public Mr. LUCAS. I should like to answer the amendment be increased to 15 per· works-the additional $8,000,000,000 is the Senator from·Nevada by simply say­ cent. Therefore, a further amendment, available for the national-defense fund. ing that under the parliamentary situa· so as to change the percentage from We will give the junior Senator from Il­ tion there will be no reason why he can­ 15 to 20 , would constitute an amendment linois [Mr. DouGLAS] something to really not offer the kind of amendment he has in the second degree. vote for-the amendment will propose to .been discussing, as I understand. Cer· If the Senator from Nevada will check dispense with the public works entirely, tainly I shall have no objection. What over the proposed amendments, I am of $500,000,000, except such amounts as I should like to do is to get the unani­ quite sure he will find that the senior the President may believe to be really mous-consent agreement on its way and Senator from Nebraska [Mr. BUTLER] emergency work until this Congress con· have the Senate confirm it. proposed an amendment, in his own venes again in January 1951. Mr. MALONE. Mr. President, I do of­ right, to provide for a 20-percent re· It could mean only a few months' de­ fer such an amendment, to be properly duction. lay at most-and by that time the situ­ written by the clerk of the Senate. So I shall be glad to join with the two ation should clarify so we will know ex­ Mr. CHAVEZ. Mr. President, I am not Senators in an amendment to accom­ actly what is needed. going to object ·~o the unanimous con· plish the same result, but which still will UNIVERSAL TRAINING sent requested by the Senator from Illi­ not jeopardize the standing of my The junior Senator from Nevada ·nois, but I should like to propound a par· amendment. joined the senior Senator from Maryland liamentary inquiry. Mr. MALONE. Mr. President, I am early in 1949 in the introduction of a Mr. LUCAS. I yield for that purpose. aware of the amendment offered by the The PRESIDING OFFICER. , The junior Senator from Nebraska, and I universal training bill. Senator will state it. should like to join with him in sponsor· This legislation has since been buried Mr. CHAVEZ. After the Senate con. ing it with the 5-percent increase-mak· in a democratically controlled commit­ eludes work on the ECA chapter, what ing a total of 20 percent. In fact, I had tee-such legislation is needed to protect else will be left in the appropriation bill? intended to offer such an amendment this Nation and to protect the boys The PRESIDING OFFICER. The myself, but I now want to join the through better knowing their business Chair understands that there are still junior Senator from Nebraska. and protect themselves in combat. some chapters of the appropriation bill Mr. WHERRY. Very well. EIG ~ - T BILLION DOLLARS OF THE PRESIDENT'S that have not been acted on, and that Mr. MALONE. So we shall join in TEN BILLION REQUEST after the consideration of the committee sponsoring that amendment. Certainly there will be no public works, amendments, if any, to those chapters TRANSFER $3,000,000,000 FROM ECA TO NATIONAL . except emergency works, during this pe· which have not been acted on, the Sen­ DEFENSE FUND riod, so that with the amount allocated ate will then take up amendments of­ Mr. President, if the Senator from Il· to such works, it adds up to $8,000,000,· fered by individual Senators. linois will yield further-- 000 available for the $10,000,000,000 pro· Mr. CHAVEZ. I may say to the Sena­ Mr. ·LUCAS. I yield to · the Senator gram. tor from Illinois and to the chairman of from Nevada. The junior Senator from Nevada here· the committee that what I had in mind Mr. MALONE. I have intended, and by offers such amendment. I thank the was this: Chapter V has been concluded, I believe this is the proper place, to off er Senator from Illinois. with the exception of the items of health an amendment to the ECA provision in Mr. LUCAS obtained the floor. and cancer research funds, the heart in­ the appropriation bill. The junior Sen· Mr. FLANDERS. Mr; President, a par· stitute, mental hygiene, and dental ac· ator from Nevada is not entirely clear liamentary inquiry. tivities. I was wondering whether it was at the moment how the amendment may The PRESIDING OFFICER. The the intention of the Senator from Illi· be made, but it will be worked out. It is Senator will state it. · nois, in making his unanimous-consent an amendment to transfet to the Na· request, to conclude with the bill on that Mr. LUCAS. Mr. President, may I first particular date? tional Defense Fund or at least to dis· answer the Senator from Nevada?. pense with the $3,000,000,000, or approxi. Mr. LUCAS. I should like to finish Mr. FLANDERS. Mr. President, the the bill then, if possible, but that situa­ mately $3 ,000,000,000, now available or parliamentary inquiry is, Who has the being made available to ECA nations. tion is perhaps more or less in the lap floor? I believe I have the floor, ap. of-- ECA NATIONS 120 PERCENT RECOVERED pearances to the contrary notwithstand· Mr. CHAVEZ. The gods? We are, of course, all familiar with the ing. Mr. LUCAS. It is more or less per· fact that the ECA nations are approxi­ The PRESIDING OFFICER. The hap in the lap of Senators, as to when . mately 120 percent recovered, on the Chair thinks the Senator from Vermont we shall get through with the bill. basis of the 1937-38 index of industrial is correct. The Chair was perhaps in Mr. CHAVEZ. I merely wanted to development, and that this is a peace­ error in recognizing the Senator from know in order to get ready for the items time development that we have been Illinois. in chapter 5 which · have not been financing. There may have been some Mr. FLANDERS. I gladly yield to the concluded. question over the last 3 years as to the Senator from Illinois. Mr. LUCAS. If we run out of some­ necessity, but now there can be none. It The PRESIDING OFFICER. The thing to do, the Senator can certainly is impossible to develop peacetime in­ Senator from Vermont yielded solely for off er amendments at that time. dustry while we are engaged in a war· the purpose stated. Mr. WILEY. Mr. President, will the time development . . Mr. LUCAS. Mr. President, we have Senator yield? The two things are not compatible. I not finished the unanimous-consent Mr. LUCAS. I yield. . shall propose an amendment which will agreement yet, and I have been stand­ Mr. WILEY. Reserving the right to propose to dispense entirely with the ing here yielding to Senators, hoping we object, I find myself in a rather peculiar $3,000,000,000 or such an amount as may might get it accomplished. I did not situation. I had already spoken to the be available to ECA under this bill. But .think I had lost the floor, otherwise I leader on this side of the aisle several what the junior Senator from Nevada should have taken my seat. days ago. I understood that the final wants to do is to make that money avail· The PRESIDING OFFICER. If the vote would not come up until Tuesday able, to be included in the $10,000,000,000 Senator from Vermont will bear with the or perhaps Thursday. I should like to defense fund requested by the President Chair for a moment, it seems that the ask the distinguished majority leader of the United States-I do propose ·such consent request can be worked out whether that is true. I am particularly ?-n amendment. shor_t_ly. 1htere~ted in the vote on the 10-percent 1950 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE" 11329 over-all reduction, with the exceptions that any right to raise a point of order Ordered further, That after the period for enumerated, and I am interested in the is not involved or limited by the request; debate on the so-called McCarran amend­ passage of the bill. I had therefore ment has expired, debate upon any amend­ that upon disposition of the matters ment thereto. shall be limited to not exceed­ planned to be absent Monday, and to re­ which will come on for vote at 2 o'clock ing 10 minutes to be equally divided between turn Tuesday morning. Apparently I an additional 3-hour period ·shall be the mover thereof and Mr. MCCARRAN. shall lose my opportunity to vote on the allowed for debate on the amendment to Spanish loan, which I would favor, be­ be offered by the senior Senator from Mr. BRIDGES. Mr. President, I send cause I feel that Spain is decidedly in Nevada [Mr. McCARRANJ relating to the to the desk an amendment to the cur­ the world picture. I know of nothing giving of aid to Spain. · rent chapter of the bill. else to be done except to carry out my Mr. LUCAS. May I suggest it is to be The PRESIDING OFFICER. The obligations already incurred. But I not later than 3 hours thereafter. amendment will be received, printed, and should like an answer to this question: The PRESIDING OFFICER. Not lie on the table. Certainly the Senator does not expect a later than 3 hours after the vote, which The Senator from Vermont is rec­ vote on final passage or on the 10-percent will begin at 2 o'clock, the vote will also ognized. cut until Tuesday, at any rate, does he? begin upon the amendment of the senior Mr. FLANDERS. Mr. President, I Mr. LUCAS. Probably not until Senator from Nevada, and the time will agreed to yield to the Senator from Ten­ Wednesday. I do not know, but we hope be divided and controlled, respectively, nessee, provided I may do so without we may get a vote on Tuesday, but cer­ by the Senator from Tennessee [Mr. Mc­ losing my right to the floor. tainly we shall not vote on it on Monday, KELLARJ and the Senator from Nevada The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without I may say to the Senator from Wisconsin. · [Mr. McCARRANJ . as to that second period objection, the Senator from Vermont Mr. WILEY. . Therefore, I shall not of time, and the 5-minute limitation. on may yield for that purpose. object. debate to apply to any amendment pro­ Mr. McKELLAR. Mr. President, Mr. WHERRY. Mr. President, reserv­ posed thereto. chapter X-B of the bill appropriates ing the right to object, will the clerk money for foreign aid. This part of the Mr. DONNELL. Mr. President, will bill probably will give rise to a great deal please read the unanimous-consent re­ the Senator yield? quest, as far as we have gone? If he of discussion as it involves the question Mr. LUCAS. I yield. of money and aid extended to foreign has not been able to reduce it to writing Mr. DONNELL. I understand that the yet, I should like to ask: Did the ma­ succinct statement made by the Chair governments. jority leader request that on amend­ Last year we appropriated the enor­ relates to chapter X-B and has no refer­ mous sum of $5,513,890,000 for foreign ments pending or which may be offered, ence to any other portion of the bill. 5 minutes be allowed to each side on each aid. The estimate for this year is about amendment? I do not anticipate that The PRESIDING OFFICER. The $650,000,000 less and amounts to $4,855,- any amendments will be offered, but I Senator is correct. The Chair intended 073,729. The House did not pass on think the unanimous-consent agreement to state that. these items of foreign aid at all, although should contain such a provision. Mr. LUCAS. And we shall not only the House took the lead in having a uni­ The PRESIDING OFFICER. That vote on amendments, but on the chapter fied appropriation bill. We need not in­ was not included. The Chair will advise itself after we make disposition of the quire as to why the House left out of the the Senator from Nebraska that that was amendments. bill these huge gifts to foreign countries, not included in the unanimous-consent . The PRESIDING OFFICER. That but we shall go ahead and keep the for­ request. is correct. eign-aid chapter in with the other ap­ Mr. WHERRY. If the majority leader Is there objection to the unanimous­ propriation chapters. will modify his request to include a pro­ consent request? The Chair hears none, The committee recommends a much vision that on each amendment pending and it is so ordered. smaller sum than the amount authorized or to be offered, 5 minutes shall be al­ The unanimous-consent agreement, as for foreign aid for fiscal year 1951. The lowed on each amendment to each side, subsequently reduced to writing, is as committee has allowed the sum of $4,- I think it will be satisfactory. follows: 522,158, 729, which . is approximately a Mr. LUCAS. I have no objection. Ordered, That on the calendar day of billion dollars less than the appropria­ The PRESIDING OFFICER. That is, Monday, July 31, 1950, at the hour of 2 tion for fiscal year 1950, and is $332,915,- 5 minutes to each side, on each amend­ o'clock p. m., the Senate proceed to vote, 000 below the budget estimate. The ment. except as hereinafter provided, on any committee thinks that, under all of the amendment or motion that may be pending circumstances, it is justified in making Mr. WHERRY. Yes. or that may be offered to the committee The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there amendment beginning on page 447 and ex­ this reduction. objection at this time to the unanimous­ tending down to and including page 461, in­ Mr. President, I shall refer briefly to consent request? clusive, being Chapter X-B-Foreign aid, to some of the larger items of foreign aid in Mr. KEM. Mr. President, reserving the bill H. R. 7786, the general appropriation this chapter. The largest single appro­ the right to object, I want to be sure bill for 1951: Provided, That no amendment priation is to the ECA. The budget esti­ that the last request of the majority that is· not germane to the subject matter mate for ECA is $2,657,700,000 and the leader has nothing to do with the divi­ shall be in order and that points of order committee recommends that the esti­ sion of time prior to 2 o'clock. may not be waived under the agreement. mate be cut 10 percent to provide an Ordered further, That the time between 12 Mr. LUCAS. The Senator is correct. o'clock noon and 2 o'clock p. m. shall be appropriation of $2,391,930,000. This Mr. BRIDGES. Mr. President, reserv­ divided equally between those favoring and amount is $1,236,450,000 under the 1950 ing the right to object, would the Chair those opposed to the committee amendment appropriation. The committee also state in substance what the request is? and controlled, respectively, by Mr. MCKEL­ agreed to allow ECA to use the 1950 The PRESIDING OFFICER. The LAR and Mr. KEM. . carry-over funds of approximately $277,- Chair will endeavor to state his under­ Ordered further, That after said hour of 2 000,000. The committee arrived at these standing of the unanimous-consent re­ o'clock p. m., debate on any amendment or recommendations after very careful con­ quest. It is that on Monday ·next the . motion shall be limited to not exceeding 10 sideration and I hope the Senate will minutes, to be equally divided between the approve of them. time shall be divided from the conven­ mover thereof and the chairman of the Com­ ing of the Senate until 2 o'clock between mittee on Appropriations. The next large item in the chapter ;s the proponents and the opponents, the Ordered further, That with reference to for mutual-defense assistance. The time to be controlled, respectively, by the amendment intended to be proposed by committee was unanimous in recom­ the Senator from Tennessee [Mr. Mc­ Mr. McCARRAN, providing that $100,000,000 of mending the full amount of the budget KELLARJ and the Senator from Missouri the appropriation shall be used for assist­ estimate of $1,678,023,729. [Mr. KEM]; that at 2 o'clock a vote shall ance to Spain, debate shall be limited. not to On the funds for International De­ be taken upon any amendment pending exceed 3 hours, to be equally divided and velopment, commonly ref erred to as controlled by Mr. MCCARRAN and Mr. or that may be offered, or on any mo­ MCKELLAR. point 4, the committee originally recom­ tions, with 5 minutes allowed to each side Ordered further, That upon the disposi­ mended an appropriation of $10,000,000 for debate on any such amendments or tion of the amendment proposed by Mr. in this chapter. I would like to make it motions; that the requirements of the McCARRAN, the Senate proceed to vote, with­ clear to the Senate that the $10,000,000 unanimous-consent request as proposed out further debate, upon the committee recommended is in addition to other are that amendments must be germane, amendment, whether amended or not. funds for point 4 programs carried under 11330 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE JULY 28 the Department of State appropriations budget estimate of $26,900,000. The no stone unturned to back him .UP. I in chapter III. President told me that the amount of hope the Senate will agree with our In the Department of State appropria­ $10,000,000 was not enough in his opinion recommendations. tions under the Institute of Inter-Ameri- as we were at war and more funds would There ·are several other items in this . can Affairs, the committee recommends be necessary to carry out the program chapter which I will not explain in de­ an appropriation of $5,000,000 and in the to the best advantage of our defense. I tail since they are referred to in our appropriation for International In­ at once submitted the request to the co·mmittee report. I do, however, Mr. formation and Educational Activities Appropriations Committee and we have President, ask unanimous consent to there is an appropriation of $2,600,000, reconside1:ed it and the committee has insert in the record a table which I have for point 4 programs. voted to allow the President the amount had prepared by the staff showing the Since the committee recommended of money he asked for, namely, $26,900,- individual appropriation items, the the appropriation of $10,000,000 in this 000 for the purpose of carrying out the amounts for 1950, the amounts of the chapter for point 4, I have conferred point 4 program which the President budget estimates, and the amounts with the President, and I have also re­ recommended and the Congress has recommended by the committee. ceived a letter from the President urging agreed to. We are at war, the President There being no objection, the table that the appropriation of $10,000,000 be is our Commander in Chief, and the was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, increased to the full amount of the committee thinks that we should leave as follows: Comparative statement of appropriations for 1950, budget estimates and amounts recomm .:: nded in the bill for 1951

riicrcase <+) or decrease (-) Senate bill compared with-

.Appropriations, Budget estimate, Committee 1950 1951 recommendation Appropriations, 1950 Budget estimate, 1951

Amount Percent ·.A.mount Percent

Funds appropriated to the President: Economic Cooperation Administration______1 $3, 628, 380, 000 2 $2, 657, 700, 000 $2, 391, 930, 000 -$1, 236, 450, 000 34.1 -$265, 770, 000 10.0 Assistance to Greece and Turkey______45, 000, 000 ------45, 000, 000 Assistance to the Republic of Korea.------110, 000, 000 100, 000, 000 90,000,000 -20, 000. 000 ------i!ff -----:..::io~ooo~ooo------io~o International chjldren's welfare work ______------15,000,000 12, 500, 000 +12, 500, 000 ------2, 500, 000 16. 7 International development (point IV) ______------26, 900,000 10,000,000 + 10, 000, 000 ·------16, 900, 000 62. 8 Mutual defense assistance______a 814, 010, 000 4 1, 678, 023, 729 ! 1, 678, 023, 729 +864, 013, 729 106.1 ------io~o :Cepartment of Defense, Department of the Army, civil functions: GARIOA. _------~------912, 500, 000 320, 000, 000 288, 000, 000 -624, 500, 000 68. 4 -32, 000, 000 Department of State: Government in occupied areas of GermanY-----~----- (6) 30, 000, 000 27,000, 000 +27, 000, 000 -3,000, 000 10.0 .Aid to Palestine refugees------4, 000, 000 27, 450, 000 24, 705, 000 +20, 705, 000 517. 6 -2, 745,000 10.0 Grand total. ____ ------~---- 5, 513, 890, 000 4, 855, 073, 729 4, 522, 158, 729 -991, 731, 271 17. 9 -332, 915, 000 6.85

1 Jn addition loan authority in the amount of $150,000,000 or a total of $..1, 778,380 000. . ~Original submission in H. Doc. No. 479 was in the amount of $2,950,000,000. Revised estimate submitted fa S. Doc. 176 in the amount of $2,657,700,000. srn addition, contract authority in the amount of $500,000,000. iJncludes $455,523, 729 for liquidation of prior-year contract authority, S. Doc. No. 194. 6Formerly under "Government and relief in occupied areas." The PRESIDING OFFICER. The within the limitations herein specified: which, however serious, is yet of com­ clerk will state the first committee Provided further, That not to exceed $15,- paratively small proportions, as a means X-B. 255,000 of such consolidated appropriation by which the work of the ECA to sup­ amendment to chapter shall be available for administrative expenses The first amendment was, at the top during the fiscal year 1951, of which not port the Republic of France might be ot page 447, to.insert: more than $25,000 shall be available to the removed. It Eeems to me, from all I can CHAPTER X-B--FOREIGN AID Administrator for any further action he may learn, that there are two elements of consider advisable to carry out the provisions the situation. One element is that the TITLE I-FUNDS APPROPRIATED TO THE of section 115 (f) of the Economic Coopera­ PRESIDENT problem is one which should be solved, tion Act of 1948, as amended: Provided if not by negotiation, by international Economic cooperation further, That not to exceed $600,000,000 judicial action. Furthermore, I am in­ For expenses necessary to enable the Presi­ shall be available for transfers under section dent to carry out the provisons of the Eco­ 111 (d) of the Economic Cooperation Act of formed that a modus vivendi has been nomic Cooperation Act of ·1948, as amended 1948, as amended: Provided further, That no arranged and is in process of develop­ by the act of April 19, 1949 (Public Law 47), part of the funds herein appropriated shall ment with some success, and that the and as further amended by the act of June be expended in a manner that will permit situation is improving as time goes on. 5, 1950 (Public Law 535), including expenses any of the local currency equivalents, derived Mr. President, the remarks I have of attendance at meetings concerned with therefrom in compliance with section 115 made I would make under any circum­ the purposes of t.llis appropriation (not to (b) (6) of the Economic Cooperation Act of stances, but at this point I raise a point exceed $30,000); hire of passenger motor ve­ 1948, as amended, to be placed at the disposal hicles; maintenance and operation and hire of any recipient country so long as any de­ of order as to the language which I have of aircraft; payment of damage claims pur­ pendent area of such country fails to comply just defined as commencing with the suant to law (28 U. S. C. 2672); health service with any treaty to which such dependent word "Provided'' on line 17 of. page 448, program as authorized by law (5 U.S. C. 150); area and the United States are parties. through line 24 of the same page. This rents in the District of Columbia; trans­ seems to me to be very clearly legisla­ portation of privately owned automobiles; Mr. FLANDERS. Mr. President, I tive material in an appropriation bill, entertainment (not to exceed $20,000); ex­ wish to invite the attention of the Sen­ and therefore I raise the question as to change of funds without regard to section ate, in connection with chapter X-B, whether it belongs in the bill at all. 3651 of the Revised Statutes; and loss by to lines 17 to 24, on page 448, commenc­ exchange; $2,391,930,000, of which not to ing with the words "Provided, further." The PRESIDING OFFICER. The exceed $50,000 shall be available for expendi­ This section relates to the difficulties Senator from Vermont raises a point of 'ljures of a confidential character (other than which have been encountered under the order to that portion of chapter X-B entertainment) under the direction of the ECA by certain American merchants in of the bill beginning with the third word Administrator or the Deputy Administrator, on line 17 of page 448 and going down who shall make a certificate of the amount Morocco. to the end of line 24 on the same page. of each such expenditure which he may think Those difficulties stern from treaty in­ it advisable not to specify, and every such terpretations, as I understand, relating Does any Senator wish to be heard? If certificate shall be deemed a sufficient to treaties of this country with France not, the present occupant of the chair is voucher for the amount therein specified: and with Morocco and the relations be­ prepared to rule. Pr ovided, That this appropriation shall be tween France and Morocco. In the opinion of the Chair, the point consolidated and merged with funds here­ of order should lie, and the point of order tofore made available for the purposes of the Mr. President, I would object, under Economic Cooperation Act of· 1948, as any circumstances, to this provision in is sustained. amended, and such consolidated appropria­ this chapter of the blll. I would object Mr. WILEY. Mr. President, in con­ tion may be used during the fiscal year 1951 to anything which used an incident nection with thi~ amendment, I ask 1950 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 11331 unanimous consent to have printed in group in Morocco in touch with Secretary "in view of the arrangements • • • the RECORD a statement prepared by me Acheson in the Foreign Relations Commit­ made with the French Government," legis­ and also a memorandum relating to the tee Room and he directed Mr. Ernest Gross lative remedy "was not necessary" (Foreign to investigate and fix the matter up. Relations Committee report, p. 22). Despite subject. At that time at a conference on March 24, this decision, an amendment finally passed There being no objection, Mr. WILEY'S 1949, the State Department agreed that il­ the Senate on May 5, 1950. As a member of statement and the memorandum were legal taxes and customs overcharges would the Senate-House conference, I was skepti­ ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as be refunded and other redress given, that cal of the promises made in a reassuring let­ follows: is, that all treaty violations which were not ter dated May 5, 1950, from Administrator STATEMENT BY SENATOR WILEY considered by the Department as connected Hoffman and a State Department memo­ with the dollar shortage would be ended, randum confirming it, to the effect that con­ MOROCCAN AMENDMENT MUST BE ENACTED IN before acceptance of the embargo decree sultative machinery had been set up and was GENERAL APPROPRIATIONS BILL would be considered. operating successfully to handle American Mr. President, there is pending before the The President of the American Trade As­ complaints. The conference accepted these Senate an amendment written into this bill sociation of Morocco reported this decision assurances, decided that the Connally by the Senate Appropriations Committee in to me and to other members of" the Foreign amendment could be invoked in case the connection with ECA appropriations for the Relations Committee in writing. The ar­ consultative machinery failed, and the Mo­ next fiscal year. Under this amendment, rangement has never been denied by the rocco amendment was again defeated. which I originally proposed to the distin­ Department. It was reported to Morocco by A letter from the president of the Ameri­ guished chairman of the committee [Mr. a cable cleared with a Department official. can Chamber of Commerce in Morocco, in MCKELLAR], and which he fortunately ac­ Because of these promises, and because the May, listed 11 specific legitimate grievances, cepted, provision will be made at long last distinguished chairman of the Foreign Re­ including most of those cited by Mr. Gross a. for protectioµ of American business interests lations Committee told the S:mate "We are year ago and many others and stated that the in Morocco. sending a top man • • to investigate situation was worse than ever. He said that I have taken the floor on several occasions all these cases, and if there is any discrim­ "conferences between consular and resi­ since early 1949 in order to protest the de­ ination or any violation of fundamental dency officials involve the same personnel plorable discrimination against American rights of Americans, they will be corrected, and lead to the same frustrating results even business interests in Morocco. and corrected promptly" (Congressional though they are now called deliberations of In all this time we have had one long series Record, vol. 95, part 3, p. 3870). I am sure a mixed commissio: ." The State Depart­ of exchanges of correspondence and talks that the distinguished chairman was rely­ ment's own opinion of its consultative ma­ with State Department officials. Time after ing on State Department promises when he chinery, which had served to defeat legisla­ time we have brought to the attention of the made that statement-because of all this tion, dwindled once the legislation was de­ .Department abuses of the Moroccan Treaty legislation proposed to end the Moroccan feated. The Department's report of June 5, . by which French officials have deliberately abuses was defeated on this fioor ori April 1950, to the · Appropriations Committee favored French business interests in direct 5, 1949. As soon as it was defeated the stated: contradiction with treaties. Time after timt' promises were ignored and on June 10, 1949, "Our consul at Rabat has done . an excel­ we have been· given assurances by the State the State Department gave temporary assent lent and conscientious job in bringing about Department that the abuses would come to to the Moroccan embargoes with none of its such solutions as are possible from the con­ an end, that legislation would not be essen­ conditions fulfilled. sultative meetings. The administrative tial, and time after time assurances and In August of 1949 this was all repeated. tactics of the French officials, however, con­ pious promises have been shown not to be Mr. Ernest Gross, then Assistant Secretary of tinue to delay the results and to multiply worth the paper they were printed on. State, wrote on July 29 (CONGRESSIONAL REC­ the minor discriminations • ~ • the For the fourth time a protective amend­ ORD, vol. 95, part 3, p. 10764): "The Depart­ consultative machinery has not been suc­ ment ls now before the Senate, and it is my ment has repeatedly recognized that Ameri­ cessful in solving larger problems touching earnest hope that this amendment as writ­ can businessmen have specific legitimate French policy." . ten in the Appropriations Committee will be grievances in French Morocco that should be The only excuse which has been offered retained on the :floor, taken to the confer­ remedied." He listed "failure to allocate by the State Department for its failure in ence committee, and thereafter retained in to Americans a reasonable amount of dollar Morocco for a year ;.nd a half is that the the final conference report. exchange. The employment of delaying tac­ French program is necessitated by Morocco's To do otherwise would be to encourage tics in granting import licenses for goods dollar shortage. Official statistics show that other countries deliberately to break their Americans needed for the maintenance of the import and export embargoes have ac­ treaties with the United States and delib­ enterprises they were operating tually raised Morocco's dollar imports by 50 erately to discriminate against American the assessment of customs duties on the percent, lowered her dollar exports by 30 businessmen. basis of arbitrary valuations of imports; the percent, and brought her trade deficit to an I shall not take the further time to review assessment of consumption taxes • • • all-time high. They have shifted import a history of this situation, but I ask unani­ and other matters such as the failure to in­ profits from independent Americans to mous consent to have placed in the CON­ stall telephones, furnish adequate gasoline French cartels and other favored French in­ GRESSIONAL RECORD at this point a further rations," etc. . terests. They have given preference in memorandum on the problem, reviewing it Mr. Gross emphasized that the Depart­ trade not only to France but to every nation historically. ment's objective is to assure an appropriate having a bilateral agreement with France, measure of protection to these Americans in and that includes Czechoslovakia, Poland, MEMORANDUM Morocco. The able Senator from Pennsyl­ Hungary, etc. While Morocco's total dollar vania stated: "At this very time American imports are at an all-time high, the United The Morocco Treaty violations were brought representatives are engaged with representa­ States snare of Morocco's trade has decreased. to the attention of the Foreign Relations tives of France in ironing out legitimate Dollar purchases from non-United States Committ ee by correspondence back in 1947 complaints which have been made against sources have almost doubled. (Moroccan and 1948. We were told that the Department the French treatment of American business­ Government Statistical Bulletin, April 15, of State was investigating and would take men" (CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, vol. 95, part 1950.) appropriate steps. 3, p. 10820). Legislation was again de­ Of all the treaty violations complained of, Two representatives of Americans in Mo­ feated in the Senate on August 5, 1949. only import embargoes are in any way con­ rocco called on me early in 1949. They Again, when the chance of action by Con­ nected with Morocco's dollar position. had documentation and other evidence to gress was past, the Department abandoned Furthermore, the Department of State told show that the French had assessed illegal its "appropriate measure of protection" and the conference that the Hickenlooper amend­ taxes and customs against them, had seized ·ruled, at a public hearing to investigate the ment, stating that treaties remain in full their goods, denied them the right to com­ matter on September ~7 that both treaty force until changed with Senate ratification, pete. in many businesses, refused them a violations Lnd the fact that Americans have was not necessary. It has always claimed it share in ECA business, and in general tried been subject to discrimination in the ad­ was not setting our treaties aside. That same to force them out. The French had finally ministration of import controls were beyond Department's memorandum to the Appro­ placed embargoes · on almost all American the scope of the meeting. On December 31, priations Committee (p. 258 of the hearings) goods, while giving preferred treatment to assent for an indefinite period was given to states "Some of the complaints that they Argentina, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hun­ the embargoes and to almost all other vio­ (Americans) have made appear to be based gary, and others. lations on the basis of a compromise agree­ on the original treaty position rather than I knew this kind of thing was prevalent ment of September 4, the terms o:r which on failure of the French to live up to the in outrightly owned French colonies but were broken as soon as it was signed, terms of their agreement with the United Morocco is not a colony, ·it is an "autonomous When the ECA authorization was pending States." The clear meaning is that the De­ country under the rule of a Sultan" (Willard this spring, Members of the Senate :for the partment's agreement of December 31, 1949, Thorp's affidavit 1n U. S. District Court, Oct. th1rd time considered an amendment to has set aside the treaties assuring equal 4, 1949). I know that our treaties with end the campaign against our citizens and rights, on which Americans relied when start­ Morocco guaranteed our citizens and trade our trade in Morocco. Again, the State De­ ing business in Morocco. equal treatment with those of other coun­ partment clafmed that the sftuation was Not one tangible result has come. from all tries and that they fixed duties and taxes. being effectively handled. A majority o:f the this State Department shilly-shallying. Not I put the representatives of the American Foreign Relations Committee decided that 1 cent has been reimbursed. Moroccan laws 11332 . CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE JULY 28 limiting American business act ivities still are EXECUTIVE SESSION The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there in force. Trade with every n ation on earth is preferred to ours. Mr. McFARLAND. Mr. President, if objection? The Chair hears hone, and The Moroccan abuses are before the Senate no other Senator wishes to address the the remaining nominations to the Ad­ for the fourt h time. The St ate Department Senate, I move that the Senate proceed visory Board for the Post Office Depart­ is no longer claiming that it will end them. to the consideration of executive busi­ ment, with the exception of the nomi­ Instead, it is now trying to quibble about ness. nation of Mqrris L. Ernst, of New York, whether the violat ions which it admitted and The motion was agreed to; and the are confirmed en bloc. protested for almost 2 years are discrimina­ Senate proceeded to consider executive POSTMASTERS tory. It can st all another 2 years while de­ business. bating that. If it intended to act under the The legislative clerk proceeded to read terms of the Connally amendment it has had EXECUTIVE MESSAGE REFERRED sundry nominations of postmasters. nearly 3 months in which to do so. It has stated in its memorandum of July 11 that The PRESIDING OFFICER

FLORIDA Delbert W. Brekke, Tamarack. SOUTH DAKOTA Luther W. Reel, Eloise. William P. Horan, Wells. Knute Tennyson, Quinn. Edna Gowen Smith, Hilliard. John A. Stenson, Wright. Norman E. Gruenzner, Stickney. Wiley Bird, Live Oak. MISSOURI TENNESSEE Lynn H. Thames, Osprey. Miller L. Coleman, Aurora. Harry Gordon Higel, Sarasota. Jack G. Frazier, D~yton. George L. Adams, Blue Springs. Thomas H. Graham, Jr., Taft. GEORGIA Lester A. Green, Centerview. TEXAS Estelle M. Jacques, Baconton. Robert W. Bounds, Centerville. William D. Compton, Dodson. Wayne G. Watson, Denver City. HAWAII Joseph H. Goeke, Greentop. Earl M. Cryer, Hamshire. Toshihiro Nakagawa, Kunia. Myron H. Holloman, Ironton. Harold ·R. Spain, Haskell. Adolph S. K. Leong, Lahaina. Francis B. Bockwinkel, Liguori. Maynard C. Watkins, Jarrell. Reuben S. Morrow, Kaufman. IDAHO Verne C. Duvall, Lockwood. Louie M. Griffy, Marston. Ray D. White, Kingsbury. Ellwood R. Werry, Shoshone. Ted L. Muse, Niangua. Joseph M. Tosch, Mesquite. ILLINOIS Stiefel J. Wilkerson, Novelty. St. Elmo Murphy, Nixon. Bruna R. Gherardini, Bulpitt. Noland K. Deaver, Paris. UTAH Louis J. Frooninckx, Jr., Clifton. Charles W. Hyder, Polo. Amy H. Esplin, Orderville. Harley K. Warren, Richland. INDIANA Cecil L. Smith, Smithton. VmGINIA Vernice L. Larkin, Cloverdale. Dallas D. Hickerson, Wardell. Richard D. Collison, Dayton. Richard C. Walker, Granger. Harry M. Tarrant, Webb City. Samuel N. Thornhill, Gladstone. Charles Donald Manaugh, Hanover. Lloyd N. Doyle, Ridgeway. MONTANA Kenneth E. Romine, Mentone. Carl L. Campbell, Winchester. William Watt, Crow Agency. Helen M. Cox, Oaklandon. WASHINGTON Thomas M. Gray, Otwell. Howard E. Wagner, Hardin. Arnold L. Leliefeld, Clayton. Arvil Weilbaker, Palmyra. NEBRASKA Louise W. Broyles, Pittsboro. Kenneth W. McNeilly, Colfax. Ferdinand L. Peisiger, Blue Hill. George E. Wilken, Dryden. John E. Brewer, Summitville. William H. Smith, Franklin. •James L. Wall, Winchester. Harry s. Burlingham, Redondo• Harry B. Burton, North Platte. Charles J. MacDonald, Sultan. IOWA Carl Wells, St. Edward. Elsie P. Tipton, Tillicum. James Lawrence Klauer, Akron. Jack M. Latham, Springfield. Albert E. Heric, Walla Walla, Woodrow J. Shearer, Columbus Junction. NEVADA WEST VIRGINIA Leroy W. Threde, Lake Park. James A. Fortune, Mina. Robert Rogers Vanaman, Arthurdale. Fernando Gianni, Melcher. Hugh W. Mildren, Yerington. Ivory N. Steele, Holden. KANSAS NEW HAMPSHmE WYOMING Carl N. Couch, Atlanta. Linden E. Sheehan, Pittsfield. Harold E. Wheatley, Encampment. Yoland L. Faris, Elmdale. Ina P. Andersen, Rumney. Otterbine Marcus Phillips, Upto;n. Charles Dwain Duecy, Galesburg. John C. Bowman, Garnett. NEW JERSEY Ruel Lazarus, Norwich. Calvin G. Piper, Hillsdale. Florence A. Bailey, Mizpah. KENTUCKY Francis W. Huntley, Port Republic. SENATE Austin V. Thompson, Moreland. NEW MEXICO William F. Gibson, Whitesburg. Morris L. Dickerson, Fairacres. MONDAY, JULY 31, 1950 LOUISIANA NEW YORK Robert w. Gandy, Jr., Tallulah,